Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Windermere, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Zone 2 - Northern Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]			Windermere, UNP British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Map : Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Windermere, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	146,249	...	...	1,092	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	149,479	...	...	1,081^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.2	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	75,937	...	...	1,627	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	63,901	...	...	490	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.8	...	...	104.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,398.80	...	...	10.50	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	146,250	70,915	75,335	1,095	540	555
0 to 14 years	22,030	11,185	10,845	115	60	60
0 to 4 years	6,615	3,355	3,260	35	20	20
5 to 9 years	7,760	3,940	3,815	35	20	15
10 to 14 years	7,655	3,890	3,765	40	20	20
15 to 64 years	92,545	45,125	47,420	665	315	350
15 to 19 years	8,340	4,335	4,005	50	20	30
20 to 24 years	7,250	3,690	3,555	40	15	20
25 to 29 years	6,720	3,265	3,455	35	15	15
30 to 34 years	7,095	3,370	3,730	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	7,920	3,730	4,190	55	35	20
40 to 44 years	8,985	4,295	4,695	55	30	25
45 to 49 years	9,910	4,805	5,100	70	35	35
50 to 54 years	11,970	5,830	6,140	75	35	45
55 to 59 years	12,425	5,970	6,455	120	50	70
60 to 64 years	11,925	5,830	6,090	125	60	60
65 years and over	31,675	14,605	17,070	315	170	145
65 to 69 years	10,930	5,365	5,570	115	60	60
70 to 74 years	7,755	3,835	3,915	100	50	45
75 to 79 years	5,475	2,550	2,925	55	35	20
80 to 84 years	3,685	1,585	2,100	30	20	5
85 years and over	3,830	1,265	2,560	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	2,380	885	1,495	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	1,085	315	770	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	325	65	260	0	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.8	14.4	10.5	11.1	10.8
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.6	62.9	60.7	58.3	63.1
65 years and over	21.7	20.6	22.7	28.8	31.5	26.1
85 years and over	2.6	1.8	3.4	0.9	0.9	0.9
Average age of the population	44.5	43.6	45.3	49.7	50.4	48.9
Median age of the population	47.4	46.6	48.2	55.5	56.2	55.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
Single-detached house	47,495	...	...	395	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,630	...	...	55	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,050	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,280	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,025	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,080	...	...	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	3,765	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
1 person	18,895	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	25,495	...	...	260	...	...
3 persons	9,130	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	6,995	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	3,395	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	143,710	...	...	1,090	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	124,215	59,730	64,490	975	480	495
Married or living common law	73,650	36,790	36,865	735	365	365
Married	59,915	29,950	29,965	610	305	305
Living common law	13,730	6,840	6,895	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	50,570	22,940	27,625	250	120	125
Never married	29,200	15,655	13,545	140	75	70
Separated	4,175	1,845	2,330	20	10	10
Divorced	7,990	3,430	4,565	40	25	15
Widowed	9,200	2,010	7,190	45	15	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	43,990	...	...	380	...	...
2 persons	26,125	...	...	265	...	...
3 persons	8,785	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	6,490	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	2,590	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	43,990	...	...	380	...	...
Total couple families	36,345	...	...	355	...	...
Married couples	29,475	...	...	300	...	...
Common-law couples	6,865	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,650	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	6,045	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	1,600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	36,340	...	...	355	...	...
Couples without children	21,360	...	...	255	...	...
Couples with children	14,985	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	6,695	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	5,875	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	2,410	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,650	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,765	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	2,085	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	800	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	25,265	11,615	13,645	140	70	70
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
One-census-family households	42,345	...	...	375	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,740	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,610	...	...	120	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	815	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	20,740	...	...	115	...	...
One-person households	18,890	...	...	105	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,845	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	144,120	69,990	74,130	1,095	540	555
English only	136,110	66,750	69,360	1,015	505	505
French only	15	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	7,795	3,125	4,670	80	35	50
Neither English nor French	200	110	90	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	144,120	69,990	74,125	1,095	540	555
English	142,480	69,200	73,285	1,075	535	545
French	1,375	660	710	15	5	5
English and French	80	30	50	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	180	100	80	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,415	675	740	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.4	1.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	144,120	69,990	74,130	1,095	540	555
Single responses	143,560	69,735	73,825	1,095	540	555
Official languages	140,405	68,225	72,180	1,005	495	505
English	138,870	67,490	71,380	985	490	495
French	1,530	735	800	10	10	5
Non-official languages	3,155	1,510	1,645	90	40	45
Aboriginal languages	375	160	215	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	365	155	215	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	360	155	210	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	365	155	210	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,780	1,350	1,430	90	45	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	210	120	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	215	120	90	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	200	120	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	225	90	140	0	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	195	80	120	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,825	900	925	80	40	40
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	90	100	25	10	15
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	85	90	25	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Czech	10	10	10	0	5	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	30	35	10	5	5
Russian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,165	595	580	40	20	15
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	365	205	160	5	5	5
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	735	350	380	35	15	15
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	80	85	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	115	140	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	45	25	20	5	0	5
Portuguese	35	20	15	5	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	160	65	90	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	110	140	0	0	0
Chinese languages	245	110	140	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	50	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	15	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	555	255	300	5	5	0
English and French	240	100	135	0	5	5
English and non-official language	290	140	150	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	144,115	69,990	74,130	1,095	540	550
Single responses	143,355	69,640	73,715	1,080	535	545
Official languages	142,095	69,015	73,080	1,065	525	535
English	141,830	68,890	72,940	1,065	530	535
French	265	120	140	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,265	625	640	15	5	5
Aboriginal languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75	30	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	595	605	15	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	50	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	55	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	50	65	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	725	355	365	15	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25	5	5	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	5	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	480	235	245	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	425	210	215	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	55	50	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	85	45	45	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	140	70	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	760	345	410	15	5	10
English and French	135	60	80	5	0	0
English and non-official language	615	285	330	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	144,115	69,990	74,130	1,095	540	555
None	140,950	68,600	72,350	1,040	515	520
English	585	285	295	15	5	5
French	1,245	480	760	10	5	5
Non-official language	1,290	590	695	35	15	15
Aboriginal	280	120	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,010	475	535	35	15	15
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	121,730	58,660	63,070	975	480	495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	116,795	56,345	60,450	950	475	480
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,127	37,089	24,821	38,144	48,768	30,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	116,845	56,350	60,500	950	475	480
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,316	32,596	23,209	33,568	40,875	27,392
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	100,055	49,755	50,300	900	455	445
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,898	34,706	22,499	32,602	42,496	25,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,480	39,790	49,690	665	310	355
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,228	8,855	7,668	8,688	11,616	7,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,245	40,965	39,280	655	340	315
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,487	34,689	24,018	25,549	33,344	20,768
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	121,730	58,635	63,100	995	475	520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	116,820	56,290	60,530	975	470	505
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,836	46,889	31,348	54,348	63,434	45,875
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	116,865	56,295	60,565	975	470	505
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,331	38,007	27,056	42,459	51,238	34,272
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	100,035	49,625	50,415	930	455	475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,285	45,639	29,062	51,087	59,919	42,698
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,700	39,720	49,975	655	280	375
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,997	9,430	8,653	8,146	9,463	7,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,235	40,790	39,440	695	335	360
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,900	44,016	29,540	44,492	56,783	33,073
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	121,735	58,635	63,105	1,000	475	520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	38,065	20,365	17,700	240	155	85
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,782	51,065	39,599	56,036	59,896	51,644
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,672	61,558	44,601	78,654	88,793	61,058
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.0	85.4	77.4	92.0	93.4	88.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.0	67.7	61.4	44.9	44.9	44.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.0	14.6	22.6	8.3	6.6	11.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	121,730	58,660	63,070	970	475	490
Without total income	4,930	2,315	2,620	20	5	15
With total income	116,795	56,345	60,450	950	475	475
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	95.8	97.9	100.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,315	6,540	9,770	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	22,650	8,390	14,260	115	45	70
$20,000 to $29,999	19,200	7,915	11,290	160	65	95
$30,000 to $39,999	16,095	7,535	8,555	115	55	60
$40,000 to $49,999	13,005	6,875	6,130	105	50	60
$50,000 to $59,999	8,890	5,325	3,565	80	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,965	3,940	2,030	70	45	25
$70,000 to $79,999	4,575	2,850	1,725	45	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	3,395	2,000	1,390	35	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,985	1,335	650	25	20	0
$100,000 and over	4,720	3,635	1,085	90	65	25
$100,000 to $149,999	3,435	2,615	820	50	35	15
$150,000 and over	1,285	1,020	270	40	30	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	121,725	58,660	63,070	970	480	495
Without after-tax income	4,880	2,310	2,575	20	5	15
With after-tax income	116,850	56,350	60,500	955	470	480
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	98.5	97.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,975	6,670	10,305	110	35	75
$10,000 to $19,999	24,080	9,025	15,060	130	55	75
$20,000 to $29,999	23,020	9,850	13,165	190	80	115
$30,000 to $39,999	19,550	9,720	9,825	130	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	13,240	7,815	5,425	115	60	60
$50,000 to $59,999	8,025	5,195	2,830	95	60	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,190	3,110	2,080	60	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,780	1,900	880	35	30	5
$80,000 and over	3,985	3,060	925	90	65	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	1,055	380	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	800	620	180	15	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,750	1,385	365	60	40	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	121,730	58,660	63,070	970	475	490
Without employment income	41,480	17,695	23,790	315	140	175
With employment income	80,250	40,965	39,280	655	340	315
Percentage with employment income	65.9	69.8	62.3	67.5	71.6	64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,300	6,015	6,285	140	75	65
$5,000 to $9,999	7,000	2,925	4,075	50	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	11,605	4,935	6,675	90	30	60
$20,000 to $29,999	10,595	4,545	6,050	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	9,875	4,530	5,345	55	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	8,030	4,260	3,770	50	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	5,825	3,650	2,175	45	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,025	2,685	1,340	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,515	2,160	1,355	40	25	15
$80,000 and over	7,480	5,270	2,210	80	60	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,700	1,550	1,150	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	1,035	425	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,320	2,685	630	45	40	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,057	...	...	81,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,610	...	...	70,997	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	18,890	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,091	...	...	35,157	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,107	...	...	32,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	45,010	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,484	...	...	91,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,331	...	...	78,592	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	63,895	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,005	...	...	105,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,133	...	...	82,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	18,860	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,202	...	...	56,744	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,843	...	...	46,513	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	45,030	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,002	...	...	119,902	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,402	...	...	93,022	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	880	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,275	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,045	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,720	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,675	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,205	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,820	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,425	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,305	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,100	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,585	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,035	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,395	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,720	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,105	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,615	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,680	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,440	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,930	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,560	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	63,900	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	925	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,305	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,085	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,925	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,145	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,790	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,400	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,140	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,835	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,665	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,640	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,695	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,640	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,675	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,825	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,220	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,485	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,985	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,745	...	...	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	43,650	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,336	...	...	91,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,213	...	...	78,251	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	20,290	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,110	...	...	86,187	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,946	...	...	73,728	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,240	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,503	...	...	107,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,729	...	...	92,928	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,100	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,070	...	...	60,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,344	...	...	53,504	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	43,650	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,024	...	...	116,743	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,344	...	...	90,953	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	20,275	...	...	235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,101	...	...	109,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,160	...	...	82,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,265	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,325	...	...	128,621	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,064	...	...	105,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,100	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,157	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,859	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,825	10,615	12,205	125	60	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,580	30,058	24,279	34,752	35,328	34,603
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,588	27,188	23,353	31,936	33,024	30,048
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	22,780	10,530	12,245	125	55	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,330	37,411	31,681	66,981	46,690	83,814
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,158	30,948	27,619	53,131	40,632	63,499
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	143,710	69,820	73,885	1,090	535	550
In the bottom half of the distribution	88,905	41,960	46,945	450	215	230
In the bottom decile	16,425	7,585	8,840	65	30	40
In the second decile	20,875	9,160	11,720	75	35	40
In the third decile	18,300	8,740	9,560	65	30	35
In the fourth decile	17,325	8,540	8,785	130	65	60
In the fifth decile	15,985	7,945	8,040	115	55	60
In the top half of the distribution	54,805	27,860	26,945	640	315	325
In the sixth decile	15,195	7,690	7,500	125	70	55
In the seventh decile	13,570	6,845	6,725	150	75	75
In the eighth decile	11,720	5,995	5,725	115	55	60
In the ninth decile	8,815	4,490	4,325	105	55	50
In the top decile	5,505	2,840	2,670	145	70	75
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	141,325	68,700	72,625	1,085	535	550
0 to 17 years	26,210	13,345	12,875	135	70	70
0 to 5 years	7,805	3,975	3,825	45	25	20
18 to 64 years	85,240	41,320	43,925	635	300	335
65 years and over	29,870	14,040	15,830	315	170	145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	26,575	11,880	14,695	105	50	50
0 to 17 years	6,440	3,250	3,195	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	2,285	1,135	1,150	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	14,020	6,325	7,695	65	35	35
65 years and over	6,115	2,305	3,810	25	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.8	17.3	20.2	9.7	9.3	9.1
0 to 17 years (%)	24.6	24.4	24.8	7.4	7.1	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	29.3	28.6	30.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.4	15.3	17.5	10.2	11.7	10.4
65 years and over (%)	20.5	16.4	24.1	7.9	8.8	6.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,075	4,345	4,725	35	15	15
0 to 17 years	2,155	1,065	1,090	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	765	355	410	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,505	3,115	3,385	30	10	15
65 years and over	415	165	250	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.3	6.5	3.2	2.8	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	8.0	8.5	3.7	0.0	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	8.9	10.7	11.1	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.5	7.7	4.7	3.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.6	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	595
Official languages	143,475	69,665	73,815	1,135	540	595
English	143,450	69,650	73,795	1,135	540	595
French	7,700	3,040	4,655	95	40	60
Non-official languages	4,865	2,310	2,555	115	60	55
Aboriginal languages	615	265	345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	595	255	335	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	590	255	335	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	590	255	335	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,265	2,050	2,215	110	55	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	295	155	145	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	150	145	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	295	150	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	285	110	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	105	165	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,845	1,380	1,460	110	55	55
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	255	130	120	20	10	10
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	240	130	115	25	15	0
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	45	40	10	0	10
Russian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	30	25	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	70	30	40	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,550	765	780	55	25	25
Afrikaans	20	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	485	230	255	0	0	0
Frisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
German	1,025	505	520	45	15	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	325	160	165	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	250	125	130	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	100	50	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	705	320	385	40	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	45	25	10	0	10
Portuguese	65	20	40	0	0	10
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	595	260	335	35	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	45	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	90	115	0	0	0
American Sign Language	55	10	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	150	75	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	275	135	140	0	0	0
Chinese languages	275	135	145	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	65	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	20	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	0	25	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	590
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	141,375	68,615	72,760	1,120	540	580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,770	13,590	13,180	155	80	80
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	114,605	55,025	59,580	965	460	500
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,320	1,185	1,130	15	0	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	143,685	69,795	73,890	1,135	540	595
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	138,160	67,095	71,060	1,035	500	535
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,000	2,400	2,600	95	35	60
Before 1981	2,350	1,155	1,200	75	30	45
1981 to 1990	545	270	285	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	450	160	290	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	925	440	480	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	335	155	185	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	580	285	295	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	730	380	350	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	535	305	230	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,000	2,400	2,605	95	35	60
Under 5 years	775	365	410	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	950	455	495	30	10	25
15 to 24 years	1,015	460	560	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	1,835	900	930	40	15	20
45 years and over	430	215	210	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,000	2,400	2,605	100	35	60
Americas	1,220	570	650	30	0	30
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	30	20	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	875	420	455	30	0	25
Other places of birth in Americas	215	80	125	0	0	0
Europe	2,655	1,295	1,360	60	35	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	60	30	25	0	0	0
Germany	220	115	110	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	20	35	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	10	10	0	0
Netherlands	435	240	200	0	0	0
Poland	50	15	35	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,525	715	805	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	170	80	90	30	25	0
Africa	105	75	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	10	0	0	0
Asia	970	430	535	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	20	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	45	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	135	75	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	20	35	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	45	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Philippines	235	95	145	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	40	65	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	735	380	355	10	0	0
Americas	145	90	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	45	35	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	10	0	0	0
Europe	215	115	100	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	165	75	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	20	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	335	155	180	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	35	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	170	65	100	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	590
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,080	2,950	3,130	110	40	70
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,935	4,320	4,610	195	100	95
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	128,670	62,525	66,145	830	405	430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,710	1,275	1,435	20	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,525	765	760	10	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	610	420	195	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	915	345	565	15	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,030	430	600	15	0	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	130	70	65	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	595
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,915	3,190	3,725	55	15	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,680	3,075	3,600	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,640	2,145	2,495	25	0	20
Métis	1,945	890	1,060	30	10	20
Inuk (Inuit)	95	40	50	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	130	65	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	136,775	66,610	70,165	1,080	525	560
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	595
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,740	1,720	2,025	15	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	139,945	68,080	71,870	1,120	540	575
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	143,685	69,795	73,890	1,135	540	595
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,580	1,225	1,360	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,570	1,210	1,360	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,420	1,175	1,240	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	130	30	100	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,010	3,145	3,865	65	25	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,870	3,090	3,780	55	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,760	2,150	2,615	35	15	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,935	870	1,065	20	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	65	105	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	145	55	85	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	45	85	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	134,100	65,430	68,670	1,060	510	545
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	143,690	69,800	73,895	1,135	540	595
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,080	2,045	2,035	10	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	475	220	250	0	0	0
Chinese	325	135	195	0	0	0
Black	2,090	1,140	955	10	0	0
Filipino	330	160	170	0	0	0
Latin American	175	70	95	0	0	0
Arab	260	130	120	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	35	65	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	50	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	139,610	67,750	71,860	1,125	535	590
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	143,690	69,795	73,895	1,135	540	595
North American Aboriginal origins	9,590	4,365	5,230	75	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,320	3,375	3,945	40	15	30
Inuit	215	100	115	10	10	0
Métis	2,210	960	1,250	30	10	25
Other North American origins	68,665	33,350	35,315	330	150	185
Acadian	2,315	1,115	1,200	10	0	0
American	945	495	450	30	10	25
Canadian	66,170	32,135	34,030	305	140	160
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	155	95	65	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	170	90	75	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	15	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	98,830	47,630	51,200	1,010	480	535
British Isles origins	86,745	41,545	45,205	650	290	360
Channel Islander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	43,190	20,285	22,905	385	175	205
Irish	29,450	13,510	15,945	255	130	125
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	52,645	25,290	27,355	280	125	160
Welsh	2,280	1,030	1,250	20	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,325	1,040	1,290	30	15	15
French origins	19,900	9,225	10,680	130	55	75
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	19,900	9,225	10,675	130	55	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,525	7,815	8,715	335	130	210
Austrian	205	110	95	25	0	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	565	285	275	15	10	0
Dutch	4,915	2,305	2,610	70	15	55
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	11,780	5,565	6,220	230	100	135
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	450	210	240	45	30	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,305	1,090	1,215	230	105	120
Danish	680	320	360	40	15	20
Finnish	150	75	75	0	0	0
Icelandic	55	25	25	25	20	10
Norwegian	650	310	335	85	35	50
Swedish	560	210	355	95	45	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	285	180	100	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,490	1,740	1,755	200	95	105
Bulgarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Czech	185	100	90	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	100	50	55	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	80	145	30	15	25
Latvian	50	25	25	10	0	10
Lithuanian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,245	620	625	60	45	20
Romanian	125	65	50	0	0	0
Russian	660	325	340	30	15	15
Slovak	65	35	30	10	0	0
Ukrainian	995	500	490	105	45	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,605	1,290	1,315	110	55	55
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	55	30	10	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	245	135	110	0	0	0
Italian	1,330	645	690	55	25	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	390	185	200	20	0	15
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	405	195	215	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	60	25	40	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	310	175	135	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	55	35	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	255	140	115	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	420	220	205	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	225	125	105	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	35	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	375	175	200	0	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Colombian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	110	60	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,550	785	760	0	0	10
Central and West African origins	55	25	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	90	30	65	0	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	40	30	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	15	0	0	0
South African	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,335	695	645	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	220	105	115	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,115	585	530	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,510	1,200	1,310	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	840	430	405	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Armenian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	490	280	205	0	0	0
Palestinian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	130	75	60	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	10	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	575	280	300	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East Indian	410	205	205	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	70	40	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,035	465	570	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	485	225	260	0	0	0
Filipino	300	155	150	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	90	35	50	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	45	60	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	30	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	20	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	15	40	0	0	0
Oceania origins	115	50	65	15	10	0
Australian	70	35	40	15	15	0
New Zealander	40	10	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	63,895	...	...	500	...	...
Owner	47,275	...	...	455	...	...
Renter	15,940	...	...	55	...	...
Band housing	680	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
Condominium	830	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	63,070	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,110	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,445	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	26,055	...	...	220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,215	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,460	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	11,275	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	11,225	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	9,535	...	...	70	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,400	...	...	195	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
One person or fewer per room	63,630	...	...	500	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	63,890	...	...	500	...	...
Suitable	62,355	...	...	500	...	...
Not suitable	1,540	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
1960 or before	20,810	...	...	55	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,975	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,825	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,400	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,165	...	...	70	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,765	...	...	80	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,955	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	57,175	...	...	490	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,720	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
1 household maintainer	39,690	...	...	300	...	...
2 household maintainers	23,590	...	...	205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	615	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	63,895	...	...	505	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,525	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,555	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,185	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,375	...	...	110	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,120	...	...	135	...	...
65 to 74 years	11,665	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,165	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	2,300	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	62,200	...	...	490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	50,240	...	...	415	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,960	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,730	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	46,425	...	...	440	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.0	...	...	44.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.3	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	716	...	...	636	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	1,112	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,139	...	...	500,132	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	177,131	...	...	508,963	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,865	...	...	50	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.4	...	...	50.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	728	...	...	1,266	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	754	...	...	1,151	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	121,735	58,630	63,105	995	475	520
No certificate, diploma or degree	27,305	14,590	12,715	150	90	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	32,595	15,830	16,770	310	120	185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,830	28,215	33,620	540	265	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,340	9,555	3,790	105	80	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,390	4,400	2,995	45	25	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,950	5,155	795	65	60	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	28,985	10,920	18,070	165	65	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,710	935	1,775	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,790	6,810	9,980	235	115	125
Bachelor's degree	11,665	4,560	7,105	155	60	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,015	370	645	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	495	270	220	10	10	0
Master's degree	3,320	1,415	1,905	65	45	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	300	190	110	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,255	36,590	39,665	605	285	325
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,065	6,560	4,500	70	35	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,135	9,930	10,210	175	75	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,050	20,100	24,950	360	175	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,950	6,460	2,495	80	60	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,985	2,960	2,020	30	15	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,965	3,495	470	50	45	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,625	8,345	13,280	125	50	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,670	545	1,120	15	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,810	4,755	8,050	135	60	75
Bachelor's degree	9,040	3,370	5,665	90	30	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	705	200	515	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	400	195	205	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,480	900	1,580	40	25	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	185	95	90	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	121,730	58,630	63,100	995	475	520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	59,905	30,415	29,485	460	215	245
Education	5,185	1,350	3,835	55	10	50
13. Education	5,185	1,350	3,830	55	0	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,035	500	540	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	165	40	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	830	335	495	10	10	10
Humanities	1,940	775	1,170	25	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	400	110	290	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	205	325	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	55	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	375	195	170	0	0	0
54. History	325	175	145	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	10	85	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,715	1,090	3,625	70	25	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	215	105	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,510	85	1,425	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	870	180	690	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	0	75	0	0	0
42. Psychology	855	165	695	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,130	535	590	35	20	15
Business, management and public administration	13,235	3,085	10,150	110	40	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	0	40	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,085	225	855	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,105	2,850	9,255	105	35	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,445	700	750	25	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	590	260	330	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	390	175	210	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	325	240	85	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	20	100	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,795	980	810	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,535	885	645	0	0	0
25. Library science	115	0	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	75	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,120	14,345	775	110	105	0
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	50	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,080	920	160	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,545	2,255	295	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,010	3,955	50	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,880	4,765	120	15	15	0
48. Precision production	2,485	2,390	100	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,105	1,310	795	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,330	670	660	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	780	640	135	20	20	0
Health and related fields	9,970	1,220	8,755	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	545	255	295	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	9,320	900	8,420	55	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	70	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,285	2,865	2,420	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	2,705	620	2,085	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	145	145	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	875	650	225	10	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,560	1,445	110	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,255	36,590	39,665	605	285	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,200	16,490	14,715	250	110	140
Education	3,335	725	2,605	35	0	30
13. Education	3,335	725	2,605	30	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	775	350	420	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	125	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	610	230	385	10	0	0
Humanities	1,365	525	840	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	15	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	265	50	215	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	165	255	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	35	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	105	95	0	0	0
54. History	265	150	120	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	10	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,830	805	3,030	45	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	85	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,215	65	1,150	10	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	740	105	635	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	0	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	695	135	560	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	910	405	500	20	15	0
Business, management and public administration	9,510	2,285	7,220	75	30	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	10	35	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	915	170	745	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,555	2,115	6,440	70	25	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	985	455	530	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	445	195	245	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	250	110	140	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	200	130	75	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	20	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,530	870	660	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,350	805	545	0	0	0
25. Library science	75	10	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	50	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,815	10,155	660	80	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	80	35	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	750	615	135	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,845	1,585	260	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,960	2,930	35	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,545	3,450	90	15	15	0
48. Precision production	1,630	1,540	90	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,590	925	665	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,005	455	550	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	585	470	115	15	15	0
Health and related fields	7,390	890	6,495	45	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	165	215	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,930	670	6,260	35	10	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	55	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,930	2,105	1,825	20	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,055	480	1,575	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	60	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	640	475	170	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,165	1,085	80	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	121,735	58,635	63,105	995	475	520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,905	30,415	29,490	460	210	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	61,830	28,210	33,620	540	265	275
Location of study inside Canada	59,145	26,840	32,300	510	250	260
Same as province or territory of residence	47,130	20,730	26,405	155	65	90
Different than province or territory of residence	12,015	6,115	5,900	360	185	170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,680	1,370	1,315	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,000	540	460	20	10	15
Philippines	150	50	100	0	0	0
India	100	50	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	630	350	275	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	770	360	415	10	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,250	36,585	39,665	610	285	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,200	16,485	14,715	245	110	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,050	20,100	24,955	360	175	180
Location of study inside Canada	43,220	19,250	23,965	350	170	180
Same as province or territory of residence	34,535	14,925	19,605	120	60	50
Different than province or territory of residence	8,685	4,320	4,365	230	105	125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,835	850	980	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	640	290	350	0	0	0
Philippines	140	50	90	0	0	0
India	75	40	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	400	220	185	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	555	240	315	0	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	121,735	58,635	63,105	1,000	475	520
In the labour force	71,395	36,625	34,770	640	290	350
Employed	63,930	31,875	32,050	595	270	320
Unemployed	7,470	4,750	2,720	50	20	25
Not in the labour force	50,335	22,005	28,330	355	185	170
Participation rate	58.6	62.5	55.1	64.0	61.1	67.3
Employment rate	52.5	54.4	50.8	59.5	56.8	61.5
Unemployment rate	10.5	13.0	7.8	7.8	6.9	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	121,735	58,635	63,105	995	480	520
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45,925	19,905	26,015	330	165	165
Worked	75,810	38,725	37,085	665	315	355
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	39,035	20,995	18,035	260	165	95
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	36,775	17,730	19,045	410	150	260
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	41.7	42.0	39.6	42.9	36.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	71,395	36,630	34,770	640	290	350
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,270	710	560	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	70,130	35,920	34,215	635	280	350
Employee	63,365	31,660	31,710	430	190	245
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,765	4,255	2,505	205	95	105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	71,400	36,625	34,770	640	290	350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,275	715	560	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	70,125	35,920	34,210	630	280	350
0 Management occupations	6,610	3,925	2,685	85	50	35
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,365	2,325	7,035	100	20	80
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,040	2,395	645	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	5,445	635	4,805	35	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,020	2,405	5,615	35	0	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,355	550	810	30	15	15
6 Sales and service occupations	16,430	6,095	10,330	125	15	110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,110	12,410	700	130	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,865	2,400	465	65	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,890	2,780	1,110	10	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	71,400	36,625	34,775	640	290	350
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,270	710	560	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	70,130	35,915	34,210	630	280	350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,340	2,540	795	20	10	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	830	770	65	15	10	0
22 Utilities	325	255	65	0	10	0
23 Construction	5,795	5,215	580	80	70	10
31-33 Manufacturing	7,240	5,260	1,980	40	20	20
41 Wholesale trade	2,345	1,670	670	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,295	4,565	5,725	45	15	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,550	2,695	855	35	20	15
51 Information and cultural industries	855	470	390	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,325	440	890	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	810	465	345	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,450	1,125	1,325	65	15	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	330	150	180	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,815	1,660	1,155	65	30	30
61 Educational services	4,695	1,375	3,325	35	0	30
62 Health care and social assistance	9,570	1,195	8,375	45	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,210	555	655	40	25	15
72 Accommodation and food services	4,635	1,445	3,190	75	25	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,915	1,490	1,430	15	0	15
91 Public administration	4,790	2,575	2,215	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	63,925	31,875	32,055	595	270	325
Worked at home	4,240	2,150	2,090	60	20	45
Worked outside Canada	210	155	55	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	7,990	5,990	2,000	140	90	45
Worked at usual place	51,485	23,580	27,905	390	160	225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	51,490	23,580	27,910	390	165	230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,180	8,215	9,965	125	65	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	21,985	9,275	12,715	230	85	145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,025	5,275	4,755	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	1,295	815	480	35	10	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	59,485	29,570	29,905	530	255	275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	51,390	25,825	25,560	465	230	230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,315	1,850	2,465	30	15	15
Public transit	375	200	170	0	0	10
Walked	2,475	1,105	1,370	20	10	15
Bicycle	140	105	30	10	10	0
Other method	780	475	305	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	59,480	29,570	29,910	530	255	275
Less than 15 minutes	25,135	11,210	13,925	285	130	150
15 to 29 minutes	18,825	9,145	9,675	160	70	90
30 to 44 minutes	8,095	4,525	3,570	55	30	25
45 to 59 minutes	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	3,830	2,625	1,210	35	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	59,485	29,575	29,905	530	255	275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,735	3,370	1,365	30	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,005	6,840	5,165	65	35	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,245	9,150	9,095	140	70	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,175	4,005	7,170	170	75	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,135	1,315	2,820	55	20	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,185	4,885	4,300	70	25	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	77,875	39,680	38,195	695	325	370
Single responses	77,650	39,585	38,070	690	320	370
Official languages	77,465	39,470	38,000	690	320	370
English	77,240	39,435	37,805	690	320	370
French	230	35	190	0	0	0
Non-official languages	185	115	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	110	55	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	25	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	90	55	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	85	50	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	70	45	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	225	95	125	0	10	0
English and French	105	40	60	0	10	0
English and non-official language	115	55	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	77,875	39,680	38,195	695	325	370
None	76,420	39,050	37,375	685	320	360
English	215	85	135	0	0	0
French	935	430	505	0	0	0
Non-official language	290	120	175	10	10	10
Aboriginal	125	50	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	70	100	10	10	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	142,585	69,210	73,370	1,120	535	585
Non-movers	127,545	62,135	65,405	960	455	500
Movers	15,040	7,075	7,960	160	75	85
Non-migrants	7,915	3,765	4,150	45	25	20
Migrants	7,125	3,315	3,810	115	55	65
Internal migrants	6,675	3,075	3,600	110	55	60
Intraprovincial migrants	4,700	2,105	2,595	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	1,970	970	1,005	95	45	50
External migrants	450	240	215	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	137,135	66,530	70,605	1,080	510	575
Non-movers	96,225	47,275	48,945	675	315	360
Movers	40,910	19,260	21,650	405	200	210
Non-migrants	21,255	10,095	11,160	160	80	75
Migrants	19,650	9,160	10,495	250	115	135
Internal migrants	18,425	8,530	9,890	235	100	130
Intraprovincial migrants	12,855	5,875	6,985	70	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	5,570	2,660	2,915	165	75	90
External migrants	1,225	630	600	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Windermere, UNP [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Windermere, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Windermere, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Windermere, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia