Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Zone 3 - Eastern Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]			Sainte-Marie Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Map : Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	158,936	...	...	11,083	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	163,706	...	...	10,409^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	81,672	...	...	4,839	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	69,194	...	...	4,670	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10.0	...	...	1,057.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15,908.12	...	...	10.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	158,935	76,190	82,750	11,085	5,455	5,625
0 to 14 years	22,230	11,400	10,830	1,885	955	930
0 to 4 years	6,685	3,370	3,315	635	330	310
5 to 9 years	7,590	3,970	3,620	675	350	325
10 to 14 years	7,955	4,055	3,895	570	275	300
15 to 64 years	99,165	47,805	51,360	7,105	3,605	3,495
15 to 19 years	8,855	4,495	4,360	595	305	285
20 to 24 years	8,675	4,380	4,295	625	315	310
25 to 29 years	7,285	3,620	3,665	715	370	340
30 to 34 years	7,220	3,470	3,750	700	350	350
35 to 39 years	7,680	3,500	4,180	775	395	375
40 to 44 years	8,810	4,085	4,725	670	345	325
45 to 49 years	9,870	4,730	5,140	615	310	305
50 to 54 years	12,685	5,935	6,750	800	395	400
55 to 59 years	14,085	6,730	7,360	825	410	415
60 to 64 years	13,995	6,855	7,135	790	395	395
65 years and over	37,540	16,980	20,560	2,095	890	1,205
65 to 69 years	12,965	6,345	6,615	675	335	335
70 to 74 years	9,115	4,330	4,780	465	215	250
75 to 79 years	6,625	3,030	3,595	320	140	175
80 to 84 years	4,505	1,890	2,615	295	110	190
85 years and over	4,335	1,390	2,950	340	90	250
85 to 89 years	2,625	945	1,680	210	60	150
90 to 94 years	1,280	350	925	110	30	80
95 to 99 years	370	80	290	25	5	20
100 years and over	65	10	55	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	15.0	13.1	17.0	17.5	16.5
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.7	62.1	64.1	66.1	62.1
65 years and over	23.6	22.3	24.8	18.9	16.3	21.4
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	3.1	1.6	4.4
Average age of the population	45.6	44.5	46.6	41.9	40.5	43.4
Median age of the population	49.5	48.4	50.3	41.9	40.4	43.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	69,190	...	...	4,670	...	...
Single-detached house	52,310	...	...	2,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	235	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,930	...	...	2,220	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,295	...	...	765	...	...
Row house	845	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,480	...	...	250	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,175	...	...	1,070	...	...
Other single-attached house	135	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	3,720	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	69,190	...	...	4,670	...	...
1 person	21,240	...	...	1,475	...	...
2 persons	26,240	...	...	1,735	...	...
3 persons	10,435	...	...	605	...	...
4 persons	7,260	...	...	590	...	...
5 or more persons	4,025	...	...	265	...	...
Number of persons in private households	156,040	...	...	10,540	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	136,705	64,785	71,920	9,200	4,500	4,705
Married or living common law	74,035	37,015	37,020	5,385	2,695	2,695
Married	62,550	31,285	31,265	3,060	1,530	1,530
Living common law	11,480	5,730	5,760	2,325	1,170	1,160
Not married and not living common law	62,670	27,775	34,900	3,815	1,800	2,010
Never married	38,200	19,935	18,260	2,505	1,380	1,115
Separated	4,625	1,945	2,680	135	70	70
Divorced	8,285	3,500	4,785	560	235	325
Widowed	11,565	2,385	9,180	615	115	500
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	46,900	...	...	3,085	...	...
2 persons	27,315	...	...	1,655	...	...
3 persons	10,165	...	...	605	...	...
4 persons	6,540	...	...	580	...	...
5 or more persons	2,875	...	...	240	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	46,900	...	...	3,085	...	...
Total couple families	36,390	...	...	2,625	...	...
Married couples	30,650	...	...	1,460	...	...
Common-law couples	5,740	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10,510	...	...	465	...	...
Female parent	8,550	...	...	340	...	...
Male parent	1,965	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	36,390	...	...	2,620	...	...
Couples without children	20,880	...	...	1,410	...	...
Couples with children	15,510	...	...	1,210	...	...
1 child	7,345	...	...	435	...	...
2 children	5,650	...	...	545	...	...
3 or more children	2,515	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10,510	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	6,435	...	...	245	...	...
2 children	2,830	...	...	170	...	...
3 or more children	1,250	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	29,335	13,320	16,010	1,815	930	885
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	69,190	...	...	4,670	...	...
One-census-family households	44,625	...	...	3,045	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,130	...	...	1,395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	24,490	...	...	1,655	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,125	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	23,450	...	...	1,605	...	...
One-person households	21,240	...	...	1,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,210	...	...	125	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	156,670	75,410	81,260	10,910	5,395	5,515
English only	143,805	69,720	74,085	5	0	0
French only	105	35	70	7,835	3,695	4,140
English and French	12,635	5,595	7,040	3,065	1,690	1,370
Neither English nor French	125	65	65	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	156,670	75,415	81,260	10,905	5,395	5,515
English	151,215	72,855	78,360	70	35	40
French	5,165	2,410	2,755	10,780	5,325	5,450
English and French	185	95	95	55	30	25
Neither English nor French	110	50	55	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,255	2,455	2,800	95	45	50
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.4	3.3	3.4	0.9	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	156,670	75,410	81,260	10,905	5,395	5,515
Single responses	155,670	74,925	80,740	10,805	5,350	5,460
Official languages	149,175	71,740	77,435	10,640	5,265	5,370
English	143,715	69,215	74,495	70	30	35
French	5,460	2,525	2,935	10,570	5,235	5,335
Non-official languages	6,495	3,185	3,305	170	90	80
Aboriginal languages	3,765	1,790	1,975	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	3,755	1,780	1,970	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,740	1,780	1,965	0	0	0
Malecite	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,740	1,780	1,960	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,725	1,395	1,330	170	85	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	140	85	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	230	140	85	10	5	5
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	220	135	85	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	5
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	5
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	75	100	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	65	90	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,515	750	765	140	70	70
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	65	110	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	60	105	10	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	15	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	90	45	45	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	765	380	385	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	270	130	135	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	445	225	220	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	225	130	90	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	125	80	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	100	65	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	100	105	130	65	60
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	40	0	5	0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	30	50	125	60	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	15	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	290	245	0	0	0
Chinese languages	535	290	245	0	0	0
Cantonese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	360	200	165	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	55	40	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,005	490	520	100	40	60
English and French	525	245	275	75	30	45
English and non-official language	460	225	230	0	5	5
French and non-official language	15	10	5	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	156,675	75,415	81,260	10,910	5,395	5,515
Single responses	155,575	74,890	80,685	10,800	5,335	5,465
Official languages	151,920	73,020	78,895	10,695	5,280	5,415
English	149,200	71,775	77,425	20	15	10
French	2,720	1,250	1,470	10,675	5,270	5,405
Non-official languages	3,655	1,865	1,790	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	2,480	1,235	1,245	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,470	1,235	1,240	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	2,470	1,235	1,240	0	0	0
Malecite	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	2,470	1,235	1,240	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,180	630	545	105	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	85	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	90	65	0	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	90	70	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	230	220	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	10	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	40	20	25	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	85	80	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	35	80	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25	80	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	370	205	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	205	165	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	270	145	120	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,100	525	580	110	60	55
English and French	320	135	180	45	25	25
English and non-official language	770	375	395	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	30	25
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	156,670	75,410	81,260	10,905	5,390	5,515
None	148,415	71,610	76,805	10,425	5,140	5,285
English	3,085	1,510	1,575	360	195	170
French	2,345	1,015	1,330	65	35	30
Non-official language	2,765	1,245	1,520	40	20	20
Aboriginal	1,685	735	945	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,085	515	570	40	20	20
English and French	10	5	0	0	5	0
English and non-official language	10	5	10	20	5	10
French and non-official language	50	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	133,835	63,755	70,075	8,665	4,320	4,340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	128,595	61,270	67,325	8,495	4,250	4,245
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,020	34,286	24,845	36,631	42,222	30,389
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	128,620	61,270	67,350	8,500	4,255	4,245
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,657	30,741	23,451	32,026	35,997	27,607
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	106,005	52,100	53,905	7,905	4,035	3,875
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,970	29,637	21,323	32,271	39,520	25,315
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	105,975	48,515	57,460	6,480	2,995	3,480
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,136	11,202	9,370	7,107	5,712	8,197
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,010	41,390	41,625	6,595	3,480	3,115
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,037	30,268	22,915	33,963	40,132	27,579
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	133,835	63,755	70,075	8,595	4,300	4,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,435	61,105	67,325	8,405	4,205	4,195
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,425	43,994	31,464	41,188	48,020	34,334
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,455	61,105	67,350	8,405	4,205	4,195
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,575	36,244	27,340	34,621	39,521	29,704
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	105,855	51,960	53,895	7,855	4,020	3,835
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,908	41,354	28,693	37,197	44,617	29,413
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	105,725	48,400	57,330	6,405	2,995	3,405
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,512	11,144	9,978	8,409	7,545	9,169
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,010	41,440	41,570	6,560	3,470	3,085
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,848	42,097	29,618	37,753	43,847	30,905
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	133,835	63,755	70,075	8,595	4,300	4,295
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	31,540	15,465	16,075	3,215	1,795	1,425
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,822	52,384	41,284	44,354	48,832	39,494
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,877	60,181	47,814	50,127	56,048	42,666
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.0	80.0	73.2	84.4	88.6	78.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.6	64.5	58.0	70.7	74.4	66.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.0	20.0	26.8	15.6	11.4	21.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	133,830	63,755	70,080	8,660	4,325	4,340
Without total income	5,240	2,490	2,750	165	65	95
With total income	128,595	61,270	67,325	8,500	4,255	4,245
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.1	98.2	98.4	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,650	7,955	10,690	725	295	435
$10,000 to $19,999	25,230	9,365	15,870	1,425	520	905
$20,000 to $29,999	22,325	9,465	12,865	1,290	540	750
$30,000 to $39,999	18,080	8,520	9,560	1,255	610	645
$40,000 to $49,999	13,155	6,550	6,600	1,225	675	550
$50,000 to $59,999	8,930	5,060	3,875	940	540	390
$60,000 to $69,999	6,025	3,870	2,155	575	375	195
$70,000 to $79,999	4,690	2,775	1,915	415	245	165
$80,000 to $89,999	3,755	2,060	1,700	220	135	85
$90,000 to $99,999	2,240	1,390	850	135	100	35
$100,000 and over	5,515	4,265	1,245	295	220	80
$100,000 to $149,999	4,060	3,045	1,020	200	140	60
$150,000 and over	1,450	1,225	225	95	75	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	133,835	63,755	70,080	8,660	4,325	4,340
Without after-tax income	5,215	2,485	2,730	165	70	95
With after-tax income	128,620	61,270	67,350	8,495	4,255	4,245
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	98.1	98.4	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	19,205	8,070	11,130	770	300	465
$10,000 to $19,999	26,725	10,055	16,665	1,525	565	955
$20,000 to $29,999	26,625	11,675	14,955	1,585	680	910
$30,000 to $39,999	20,980	10,150	10,835	1,715	925	790
$40,000 to $49,999	13,325	7,390	5,940	1,325	765	565
$50,000 to $59,999	8,215	5,170	3,050	750	470	280
$60,000 to $69,999	5,780	3,215	2,565	385	225	165
$70,000 to $79,999	3,120	1,975	1,145	200	145	55
$80,000 and over	4,640	3,575	1,065	235	170	70
$80,000 to $89,999	1,690	1,220	470	65	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	960	735	225	45	30	15
$100,000 and over	1,995	1,620	375	130	100	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	133,835	63,755	70,080	8,660	4,320	4,340
Without employment income	50,820	22,365	28,460	2,065	840	1,225
With employment income	83,010	41,390	41,620	6,595	3,485	3,115
Percentage with employment income	62.0	64.9	59.4	76.2	80.7	71.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,915	5,400	6,515	695	355	335
$5,000 to $9,999	8,375	3,540	4,840	480	195	285
$10,000 to $19,999	14,170	6,585	7,590	920	380	545
$20,000 to $29,999	11,200	5,035	6,165	835	330	510
$30,000 to $39,999	9,395	4,195	5,200	945	480	465
$40,000 to $49,999	6,935	3,345	3,585	890	525	370
$50,000 to $59,999	5,415	3,135	2,285	640	425	215
$60,000 to $69,999	3,805	2,450	1,355	415	265	145
$70,000 to $79,999	3,240	1,845	1,395	325	205	125
$80,000 and over	8,560	5,860	2,695	450	325	120
$80,000 to $89,999	2,930	1,520	1,405	155	105	50
$90,000 to $99,999	1,680	1,095	585	85	65	20
$100,000 and over	3,950	3,250	705	205	160	50
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	69,195	...	...	4,670	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,803	...	...	63,441	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,041	...	...	55,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	21,240	...	...	1,475	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,950	...	...	34,133	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,487	...	...	30,293	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	47,955	...	...	3,195	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,699	...	...	81,101	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,092	...	...	69,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	69,190	...	...	4,620	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,465	...	...	74,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,617	...	...	62,894	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	21,230	...	...	1,445	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,146	...	...	39,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,067	...	...	33,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	47,960	...	...	3,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,659	...	...	90,695	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,256	...	...	76,180	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	69,195	...	...	4,670	...	...
Under $5,000	995	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,665	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,430	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,360	...	...	200	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,225	...	...	195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,675	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,100	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,795	...	...	260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,475	...	...	250	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,160	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,645	...	...	445	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,050	...	...	390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,440	...	...	385	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,890	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,075	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,230	...	...	1,130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,880	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,730	...	...	280	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,670	...	...	240	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,945	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	69,195	...	...	4,670	...	...
Under $5,000	1,015	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,680	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,465	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,560	...	...	210	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,730	...	...	225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,245	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,680	...	...	340	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,350	...	...	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,835	...	...	315	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,730	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,785	...	...	530	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,790	...	...	450	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,760	...	...	375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,825	...	...	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,975	...	...	255	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,775	...	...	695	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,070	...	...	380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,475	...	...	165	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,235	...	...	155	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	46,615	...	...	3,105	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,706	...	...	81,634	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,047	...	...	69,799	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	19,620	...	...	1,385	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,646	...	...	71,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,675	...	...	60,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,870	...	...	1,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,767	...	...	112,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,251	...	...	93,696	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	9,645	...	...	455	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,513	...	...	53,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,071	...	...	48,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	46,625	...	...	3,100	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,724	...	...	90,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,261	...	...	76,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	19,715	...	...	1,440	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,419	...	...	79,032	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,044	...	...	66,396	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,835	...	...	1,195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,141	...	...	118,601	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,183	...	...	98,334	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,645	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,368	...	...	55,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,117	...	...	49,218	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,365	11,630	13,735	1,720	880	840
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,144	27,037	23,997	33,508	38,638	27,243
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,937	25,039	23,335	29,632	33,292	25,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	25,290	11,505	13,780	1,670	815	850
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,864	36,570	31,606	38,411	43,010	33,994
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,001	30,545	27,712	32,528	35,714	29,468
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	156,045	75,145	80,895	10,540	5,275	5,265
In the bottom half of the distribution	94,510	43,980	50,530	5,625	2,735	2,885
In the bottom decile	19,885	9,100	10,785	540	255	285
In the second decile	21,565	9,350	12,210	990	425	570
In the third decile	18,870	8,890	9,980	1,305	625	680
In the fourth decile	17,790	8,555	9,235	1,370	710	660
In the fifth decile	16,410	8,090	8,320	1,415	720	700
In the top half of the distribution	61,530	31,160	30,365	4,915	2,535	2,380
In the sixth decile	15,910	7,910	8,000	1,465	740	725
In the seventh decile	14,405	7,305	7,095	1,360	710	655
In the eighth decile	13,455	6,725	6,735	980	505	475
In the ninth decile	10,970	5,670	5,305	700	380	325
In the top decile	6,785	3,555	3,235	405	205	200
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	149,385	71,935	77,455	10,540	5,275	5,265
0 to 17 years	24,890	12,775	12,115	2,225	1,145	1,080
0 to 5 years	7,200	3,670	3,530	790	405	385
18 to 64 years	89,385	42,960	46,425	6,660	3,365	3,300
65 years and over	35,115	16,195	18,915	1,650	765	885
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	27,525	12,165	15,355	1,010	455	550
0 to 17 years	6,300	3,285	3,015	175	100	80
0 to 5 years	2,215	1,170	1,045	55	30	25
18 to 64 years	14,340	6,280	8,060	545	260	285
65 years and over	6,885	2,605	4,275	285	100	185
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	16.9	19.8	9.6	8.6	10.4
0 to 17 years (%)	25.3	25.7	24.9	7.9	8.7	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	30.8	31.9	29.6	7.0	7.4	6.5
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	14.6	17.4	8.2	7.7	8.6
65 years and over (%)	19.6	16.1	22.6	17.3	13.1	20.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,325	4,965	5,360	325	165	165
0 to 17 years	2,440	1,275	1,165	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	880	475	400	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	7,390	3,485	3,900	250	130	125
65 years and over	495	195	295	25	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	6.9	6.9	3.1	3.1	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	10.0	9.6	2.2	2.2	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.2	12.9	11.3	2.5	1.2	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.1	8.4	3.8	3.9	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	156,045	75,145	80,900	10,445	5,270	5,180
Official languages	155,955	75,100	80,855	10,445	5,265	5,180
English	155,830	75,050	80,785	3,030	1,710	1,320
French	12,715	5,795	6,920	10,430	5,260	5,170
Non-official languages	8,945	4,265	4,685	505	220	285
Aboriginal languages	4,740	2,270	2,475	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	4,745	2,270	2,470	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	4,730	2,260	2,465	0	0	0
Malecite	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	4,720	2,255	2,465	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,215	2,000	2,225	505	225	285
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	110	130	40	15	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	110	130	35	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	100	115	35	10	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	240	120	125	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	90	105	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	15	15	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,700	1,300	1,400	420	175	245
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	90	140	25	15	15
Baltic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	90	120	30	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	30	0	0	10
Russian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	10	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	615	265	345	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	610	265	340	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,030	535	500	25	0	20
Afrikaans	15	0	15	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	315	155	155	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	690	375	315	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	180	125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	275	165	105	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	95	55	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	40	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	115	65	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	545	235	315	380	160	225
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	65	60	20	15	10
Portuguese	45	25	25	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	400	160	235	375	150	220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	15	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	45	45	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	115	25	85	15	15	0
American Sign Language	55	10	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	15	45	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	610	290	320	0	0	0
Chinese languages	605	295	315	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	45	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	475	235	235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	25	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	20	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	156,040	75,145	80,900	10,450	5,270	5,180
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	153,645	73,945	79,700	10,290	5,205	5,085
Canadian citizens aged under 18	27,495	14,190	13,315	2,165	1,180	995
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	126,145	59,755	66,390	8,120	4,030	4,090
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,400	1,200	1,200	165	60	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	156,040	75,140	80,900	10,450	5,265	5,180
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	151,050	72,630	78,420	10,070	5,105	4,960
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,070	2,050	2,015	345	140	205
Before 1981	2,090	1,040	1,055	15	10	0
1981 to 1990	290	140	145	15	0	10
1991 to 2000	405	200	205	40	10	30
2001 to 2010	690	340	350	170	75	95
2001 to 2005	290	160	135	55	15	35
2006 to 2010	395	175	215	115	60	55
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	600	340	265	110	45	65
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	920	465	460	35	20	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,070	2,055	2,015	345	140	205
Under 5 years	595	305	290	75	15	60
5 to 14 years	805	465	335	80	30	50
15 to 24 years	795	325	465	35	25	10
25 to 44 years	1,460	715	745	140	65	70
45 years and over	420	235	185	15	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,070	2,050	2,020	345	140	205
Americas	1,215	565	655	150	55	90
Brazil	0	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	90	35	55
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,080	500	580	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	35	20	10	0
Europe	1,905	1,030	880	65	30	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	45	15	30	25	15	15
Germany	410	190	220	0	0	0
Greece	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	260	140	115	0	0	0
Poland	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	20	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	830	465	365	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	165	115	45	15	10	0
Africa	215	120	100	80	45	30
Algeria	0	10	0	25	15	10
Egypt	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	10	10	0
Nigeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	135	75	55	40	25	15
Asia	700	325	375	55	0	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	15	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	135	60	75	35	10	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	60	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	55	40	0	0	0
Philippines	155	50	110	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	10
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	45	25	0	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	600	335	260	110	45	65
Americas	95	50	40	40	15	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	40	30	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	140	80	65	35	10	20
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germany	60	30	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	65	40	30	35	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	10	0	0
Asia	295	160	135	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Philippines	105	40	60	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	156,045	75,145	80,895	10,445	5,265	5,180
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,410	2,720	2,690	390	170	220
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,135	3,815	4,315	190	115	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	142,500	68,605	73,895	9,870	4,985	4,890
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,015	1,045	975	335	130	200
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,190	625	565	170	85	90
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	575	365	210	60	40	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	615	260	355	110	45	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	715	345	370	105	25	80
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	85	55	30	55	20	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	156,040	75,140	80,900	10,450	5,265	5,180
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	13,860	6,740	7,120	90	35	55
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	13,550	6,585	6,965	75	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	8,605	4,170	4,435	20	10	10
Métis	4,790	2,325	2,460	55	20	35
Inuk (Inuit)	155	85	75	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	135	90	50	10	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	175	75	105	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	142,180	68,405	73,780	10,355	5,230	5,125
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	156,045	75,145	80,895	10,450	5,265	5,180
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	8,220	4,010	4,205	15	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	147,825	71,130	76,690	10,430	5,255	5,175
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	156,045	75,145	80,900	10,445	5,265	5,180
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	6,950	3,385	3,565	45	25	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	6,900	3,355	3,545	45	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	6,330	3,045	3,290	35	25	0
Métis single ancestry	545	295	255	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	35	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,550	4,550	5,005	155	70	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	9,200	4,365	4,830	135	65	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,720	2,280	2,435	125	60	65
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,185	1,965	2,220	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	115	180	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	355	185	170	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	340	180	165	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	139,540	67,210	72,330	10,245	5,170	5,075
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	156,040	75,145	80,895	10,445	5,265	5,180
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,905	1,915	2,000	315	140	175
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	500	270	230	10	10	0
Chinese	715	335	380	40	10	30
Black	1,895	910	990	75	50	30
Filipino	235	110	125	0	0	10
Latin American	55	20	30	125	55	65
Arab	240	130	110	40	20	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	15	20	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	70	40	30	0	0	10
Japanese	65	25	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	30	25	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	152,130	73,230	78,900	10,130	5,125	5,005
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	156,045	75,145	80,895	10,445	5,270	5,180
North American Aboriginal origins	16,500	7,935	8,565	200	100	105
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,445	5,540	5,905	180	85	90
Inuit	340	145	190	20	0	20
Métis	5,125	2,475	2,655	30	15	10
Other North American origins	66,925	32,035	34,890	8,605	4,305	4,295
Acadian	3,715	1,765	1,955	15	0	15
American	645	325	320	20	10	10
Canadian	63,325	30,325	33,000	8,360	4,195	4,165
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	465	210	255	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	30	15	15	250	120	130
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	109,700	52,740	56,955	2,880	1,480	1,405
British Isles origins	94,285	45,230	49,055	525	200	325
Channel Islander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	35,370	16,405	18,965	155	40	115
Irish	35,625	17,050	18,575	370	140	225
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	63,125	30,405	32,715	65	15	45
Welsh	2,325	1,080	1,240	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,465	685	780	10	0	0
French origins	30,775	14,550	16,220	2,435	1,285	1,150
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	30,765	14,545	16,220	2,430	1,280	1,150
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,060	4,745	5,320	105	60	40
Austrian	135	60	70	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	660	335	325	0	0	10
Dutch	3,375	1,535	1,840	10	0	0
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	6,425	3,020	3,405	75	45	35
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	60	45	20	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,765	765	995	10	10	0
Danish	410	155	255	0	0	0
Finnish	140	55	80	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	685	320	365	0	10	0
Swedish	450	190	260	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,880	2,675	3,205	45	0	45
Bulgarian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	140	75	70	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	100	35	65	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	630	320	315	0	0	0
Latvian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	275	120	155	20	0	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,885	1,325	1,560	0	0	0
Romanian	170	45	125	0	0	0
Russian	405	150	255	10	0	10
Slovak	125	50	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,735	785	955	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	50	35	20	0	10	0
Southern European origins	5,625	2,735	2,890	120	70	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	155	180	0	0	0
Italian	4,175	2,055	2,125	40	25	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	115	55	55	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	365	160	200	10	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	565	250	310	55	30	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	380	260	120	10	10	0
Basque	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jewish	110	75	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	220	145	75	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	485	230	255	30	15	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Jamaican	165	80	90	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	55	20	35	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	165	80	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	140	75	65	155	65	85
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	0	115	50	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	25	40	15	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,415	660	750	115	75	40
Central and West African origins	180	95	85	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	40	15	25	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	95	50	40	40	25	15
Algerian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	0	25	20	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	35	40	10	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,075	480	600	60	35	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	210	100	110	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	870	375	495	55	35	15
Asian origins	3,285	1,660	1,625	80	20	65
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,430	730	700	20	0	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	155	75	75	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	10	0	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	40	10	35	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,040	540	505	0	0	10
Palestinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syrian	195	105	85	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	15	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	530	260	275	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
East Indian	405	190	210	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	45	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,320	660	660	60	10	45
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	860	435	425	40	10	30
Filipino	245	115	135	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	45	50	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	40	30	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	15	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	25	15	10	0	10
Oceania origins	25	15	10	10	0	0
Australian	20	15	10	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
Owner	51,360	...	...	3,055	...	...
Renter	16,495	...	...	1,570	...	...
Band housing	1,340	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
Condominium	870	...	...	555	...	...
Not condominium	68,325	...	...	4,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	6,305	...	...	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,050	...	...	1,440	...	...
3 bedrooms	29,870	...	...	1,800	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,905	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,240	...	...	1,325	...	...
5 rooms	12,565	...	...	800	...	...
6 rooms	13,220	...	...	680	...	...
7 rooms	10,435	...	...	595	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,735	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	68,900	...	...	4,615	...	...
More than 1 person per room	295	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
Suitable	67,105	...	...	4,565	...	...
Not suitable	2,090	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
1960 or before	23,395	...	...	700	...	...
1961 to 1980	21,180	...	...	1,265	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,330	...	...	700	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,060	...	...	630	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,755	...	...	370	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,080	...	...	455	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,400	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	62,200	...	...	4,520	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,990	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
1 household maintainer	44,295	...	...	2,730	...	...
2 household maintainers	23,830	...	...	1,880	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,065	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	69,195	...	...	4,625	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,525	...	...	195	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,045	...	...	725	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,815	...	...	845	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,560	...	...	870	...	...
55 to 64 years	16,280	...	...	930	...	...
65 to 74 years	13,790	...	...	685	...	...
75 to 84 years	7,520	...	...	280	...	...
85 years and over	2,655	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	66,715	...	...	4,625	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	54,325	...	...	3,970	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,385	...	...	650	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,130	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50,575	...	...	3,055	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.3	...	...	56.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.5	...	...	8.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	619	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	792	...	...	943	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	139,854	...	...	195,455	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,757	...	...	210,164	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,190	...	...	1,570	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.7	...	...	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	703	...	...	641	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	734	...	...	677	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	133,835	63,755	70,080	8,595	4,300	4,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,140	15,420	15,720	1,630	820	810
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,595	15,220	18,380	2,110	980	1,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	69,095	33,115	35,980	4,855	2,500	2,350
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,135	12,830	4,305	1,810	1,080	725
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,110	5,845	3,255	1,275	625	655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	8,025	6,980	1,045	535	460	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	27,975	10,705	17,265	1,560	745	815
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,760	1,375	2,385	245	100	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,225	8,205	12,025	1,245	565	675
Bachelor's degree	13,750	5,335	8,410	885	410	470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,725	715	1,020	140	45	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	595	360	235	35	20	10
Master's degree	3,435	1,415	2,025	170	80	90
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	715	375	335	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	80,955	38,495	42,460	5,820	2,970	2,850
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,020	6,025	4,990	665	365	300
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,715	9,020	10,695	1,320	645	675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,225	23,450	26,775	3,835	1,965	1,875
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,605	8,665	2,940	1,525	910	615
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,205	3,970	2,235	1,115	555	560
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,400	4,695	705	415	355	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,040	8,160	12,880	1,165	555	610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,380	905	1,470	180	80	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,205	5,725	9,480	960	415	545
Bachelor's degree	10,465	3,875	6,585	685	320	365
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,140	420	720	95	20	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	460	255	210	25	20	10
Master's degree	2,640	935	1,700	145	55	90
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	505	235	265	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	133,830	63,755	70,075	8,595	4,300	4,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	64,740	30,645	34,095	3,745	1,800	1,945
Education	6,280	1,840	4,430	430	110	315
13. Education	6,275	1,845	4,435	425	110	315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	855	455	400	200	110	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	160	25	55	45	15
50. Visual and performing arts	670	300	370	145	65	75
Humanities	2,460	1,040	1,415	175	95	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	40	40	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	600	210	395	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	960	320	640	125	70	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	65	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	165	100	25	20	10
54. History	385	220	165	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	30	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,160	1,330	3,830	270	50	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	100	30	75	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	135	175	30	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,685	210	1,470	95	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	795	245	555	60	20	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	40	20	10	20
42. Psychology	1,035	225	805	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	1,190	475	710	35	15	20
Business, management and public administration	12,490	2,945	9,545	1,165	440	725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	20	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	960	160	800	85	25	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,490	2,760	8,725	1,085	415	665
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,590	815	775	115	75	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	515	255	260	35	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	495	230	265	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	25	40	30	10
40. Physical sciences	440	285	160	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	45	70	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,710	860	850	140	100	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,395	730	665	135	100	35
25. Library science	120	20	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	170	100	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	18,450	17,620	835	1,275	1,160	110
04. Architecture and related services	80	55	30	25	10	10
14. Engineering	1,385	1,270	120	130	110	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,095	2,810	285	260	220	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,125	5,950	175	320	315	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,010	4,875	130	310	285	25
48. Precision production	2,750	2,655	95	240	220	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,145	770	375	155	110	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	500	230	265	125	85	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	650	535	110	30	25	0
Health and related fields	12,680	1,875	10,805	465	90	380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	225	155	35	20	25
51. Health professions and related programs	12,095	1,520	10,570	425	70	355
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	210	135	80	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,270	3,560	2,705	465	140	320
12. Personal and culinary services	3,290	840	2,450	295	15	275
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	75	70	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	660	520	135	80	65	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,240	2,125	110	90	65	25
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	80,955	38,500	42,455	5,820	2,970	2,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,730	15,050	15,680	1,985	1,010	975
Education	3,875	970	2,910	255	55	200
13. Education	3,875	965	2,905	255	55	200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	675	360	315	170	100	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	110	25	50	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	545	250	290	115	55	60
Humanities	1,690	665	1,030	110	60	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	30	20	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	425	135	290	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	705	230	475	70	45	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	75	60	20	20	0
54. History	265	130	135	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	15	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,215	1,015	3,205	195	30	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	25	60	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	105	120	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,365	165	1,200	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	675	175	495	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	10	0	0
42. Psychology	875	170	705	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	955	365	595	35	20	20
Business, management and public administration	9,235	2,115	7,120	955	340	610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	800	115	680	65	20	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,405	1,985	6,420	890	325	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,130	565	570	75	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	410	185	225	35	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	365	155	205	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	285	195	95	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,460	725	735	120	85	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,215	630	585	120	85	35
25. Library science	95	20	75	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	70	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,855	12,210	650	1,065	965	105
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	20	10	10
14. Engineering	935	860	75	110	100	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,240	2,010	230	225	185	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,325	4,175	150	220	210	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,425	3,330	95	260	240	20
48. Precision production	1,885	1,795	85	230	210	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	875	585	290	120	85	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	360	160	200	95	60	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	515	425	90	25	20	10
Health and related fields	9,455	1,525	7,935	390	75	320
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	295	175	120	30	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	9,020	1,265	7,755	355	60	300
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	85	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,750	2,725	2,020	380	125	255
12. Personal and culinary services	2,410	600	1,810	250	15	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	10	10	0	10
43. Security and protective services	550	425	130	55	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,745	1,665	85	75	65	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	133,835	63,755	70,080	8,595	4,300	4,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	64,735	30,645	34,095	3,745	1,800	1,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	69,095	33,115	35,980	4,855	2,500	2,350
Location of study inside Canada	66,575	31,835	34,730	4,695	2,425	2,270
Same as province or territory of residence	57,985	27,310	30,675	4,665	2,415	2,250
Different than province or territory of residence	8,585	4,525	4,060	30	10	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,525	1,280	1,245	160	75	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,115	510	605	15	10	10
Philippines	160	65	100	10	0	0
India	75	45	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	330	215	115	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	190	95	95	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	40	20	15
Other	630	335	295	100	45	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	80,960	38,495	42,455	5,820	2,975	2,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,730	15,045	15,685	1,985	1,010	975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,225	23,450	26,770	3,835	1,965	1,875
Location of study inside Canada	48,575	22,675	25,905	3,690	1,895	1,795
Same as province or territory of residence	42,575	19,565	23,010	3,665	1,885	1,780
Different than province or territory of residence	6,000	3,105	2,895	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,645	780	870	140	70	75
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	700	280	420	10	10	0
Philippines	140	65	75	0	0	0
India	65	35	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	180	105	70	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	100	60	40	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other	465	230	235	95	45	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	133,830	63,755	70,075	8,595	4,300	4,295
In the labour force	73,015	37,105	35,910	6,105	3,255	2,855
Employed	60,490	29,335	31,150	5,885	3,110	2,775
Unemployed	12,525	7,765	4,760	225	145	85
Not in the labour force	60,820	26,650	34,165	2,490	1,045	1,445
Participation rate	54.6	58.2	51.2	71.0	75.7	66.5
Employment rate	45.2	46.0	44.5	68.5	72.3	64.6
Unemployment rate	17.2	20.9	13.3	3.7	4.5	3.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	133,830	63,755	70,080	8,595	4,300	4,300
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	55,925	24,240	31,685	2,310	990	1,315
Worked	77,910	39,515	38,395	6,290	3,310	2,980
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,500	16,085	16,415	3,285	1,845	1,440
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	45,405	23,425	21,980	3,005	1,465	1,540
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.8	36.4	39.2	44.2	44.3	44.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	73,015	37,100	35,910	6,110	3,250	2,850
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,955	1,065	885	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	71,060	36,035	35,025	6,065	3,235	2,835
Employee	65,760	32,450	33,315	5,335	2,810	2,520
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,300	3,585	1,715	735	420	310
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	73,015	37,105	35,910	6,110	3,255	2,855
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,955	1,070	885	40	20	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	71,060	36,035	35,025	6,065	3,235	2,835
0 Management occupations	5,150	3,090	2,060	550	365	180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,890	1,925	6,965	850	235	610
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,745	2,315	440	395	320	75
3 Health occupations	6,785	1,120	5,665	330	60	265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,390	2,660	5,730	735	215	515
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,440	585	860	105	35	70
6 Sales and service occupations	18,425	6,905	11,520	1,355	535	820
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,990	11,475	520	955	885	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,745	4,050	695	80	70	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,495	1,925	570	720	510	210
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	73,015	37,105	35,915	6,105	3,255	2,855
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,955	1,070	890	40	20	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	71,060	36,035	35,025	6,065	3,230	2,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,180	3,400	780	115	95	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,565	1,400	165	0	0	0
22 Utilities	605	540	55	35	35	10
23 Construction	6,195	5,585	610	385	335	45
31-33 Manufacturing	3,655	2,680	970	1,465	1,065	405
41 Wholesale trade	1,200	905	295	200	160	40
44-45 Retail trade	9,060	3,865	5,195	690	285	405
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,815	2,200	615	175	130	45
51 Information and cultural industries	930	525	405	145	100	45
52 Finance and insurance	1,305	360	940	210	65	145
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	645	435	210	55	40	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,205	1,205	1,000	300	155	145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,570	2,145	1,420	180	110	75
61 Educational services	6,165	2,110	4,055	330	75	260
62 Health care and social assistance	11,580	1,855	9,730	695	115	580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,635	740	895	85	40	45
72 Accommodation and food services	5,850	1,880	3,975	420	160	260
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,925	1,495	1,430	305	125	180
91 Public administration	4,965	2,700	2,265	260	155	105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	60,485	29,340	31,150	5,885	3,115	2,770
Worked at home	3,060	1,570	1,490	375	170	210
Worked outside Canada	130	90	40	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	8,070	6,125	1,945	480	385	95
Worked at usual place	49,235	21,560	27,685	5,020	2,555	2,465
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,235	21,555	27,680	5,020	2,555	2,465
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	37,100	15,540	21,560	2,770	1,335	1,430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,180	2,380	3,800	755	450	305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,520	2,505	2,015	1,495	760	725
Commute to a different province or territory	1,435	1,130	310	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	57,300	27,680	29,620	5,500	2,940	2,565
Car, truck, van - as a driver	47,575	22,750	24,825	4,845	2,585	2,260
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,665	2,000	2,670	275	135	140
Public transit	1,245	875	365	20	15	0
Walked	2,630	1,215	1,415	295	170	130
Bicycle	95	65	35	25	30	0
Other method	1,090	770	315	45	10	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	57,305	27,680	29,620	5,500	2,935	2,565
Less than 15 minutes	26,135	11,305	14,835	3,020	1,510	1,515
15 to 29 minutes	18,995	9,125	9,870	980	545	440
30 to 44 minutes	7,530	4,180	3,350	865	505	350
45 to 59 minutes	2,255	1,345	910	460	275	185
60 minutes and over	2,385	1,730	655	175	105	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	57,300	27,680	29,620	5,500	2,935	2,565
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,680	2,590	1,085	355	270	90
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,920	5,325	4,590	1,205	825	380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,655	7,815	7,835	1,805	855	945
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,590	4,825	8,770	880	340	535
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,980	1,800	3,175	370	120	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,480	5,320	4,160	880	525	365
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80,215	40,635	39,585	6,450	3,420	3,035
Single responses	79,535	40,325	39,205	6,345	3,360	2,990
Official languages	78,845	39,950	38,900	6,345	3,360	2,990
English	77,690	39,440	38,250	80	40	35
French	1,160	505	650	6,265	3,315	2,950
Non-official languages	690	380	310	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	630	345	285	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	630	345	285	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	630	350	285	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	630	345	285	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	685	305	375	110	60	50
English and French	505	220	280	95	65	40
English and non-official language	175	85	90	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	80,215	40,635	39,580	6,450	3,415	3,035
None	76,425	38,830	37,595	5,730	2,940	2,790
English	1,265	605	660	640	435	205
French	1,570	775	800	55	30	25
Non-official language	915	405	505	15	10	10
Aboriginal	685	300	390	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	225	100	120	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	15	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	154,750	74,510	80,240	10,315	5,175	5,140
Non-movers	142,090	68,365	73,720	9,120	4,590	4,525
Movers	12,665	6,140	6,525	1,200	585	615
Non-migrants	8,450	4,020	4,430	600	305	295
Migrants	4,210	2,120	2,085	600	285	320
Internal migrants	3,795	1,930	1,865	585	285	300
Intraprovincial migrants	2,000	995	1,005	570	285	290
Interprovincial migrants	1,800	940	860	10	0	15
External migrants	415	185	225	15	0	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	149,350	71,790	77,560	9,850	4,965	4,885
Non-movers	115,055	55,385	59,670	6,250	3,115	3,140
Movers	34,300	16,410	17,885	3,600	1,855	1,745
Non-migrants	22,470	10,585	11,885	1,820	950	875
Migrants	11,825	5,825	6,005	1,780	905	875
Internal migrants	10,475	5,125	5,350	1,635	845	790
Intraprovincial migrants	5,755	2,735	3,020	1,580	830	755
Interprovincial migrants	4,720	2,385	2,330	55	20	35
External migrants	1,355	700	655	145	60	85

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 - Eastern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Sainte-Marie [Population centre], Quebec