Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kings, Subd. A, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Tottenham Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,234	...	...	5,143	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,103	...	...	4,720	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.6	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,635	...	...	1,950	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,262	...	...	1,898	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.0	...	...	1,691.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,235.43	...	...	3.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,235	11,070	11,160	5,145	2,570	2,575
0 to 14 years	3,670	1,870	1,800	960	470	490
0 to 4 years	1,245	645	595	320	160	160
5 to 9 years	1,260	635	625	315	165	160
10 to 14 years	1,165	585	580	325	155	170
15 to 64 years	14,425	7,240	7,180	3,640	1,850	1,795
15 to 19 years	1,340	740	605	355	190	165
20 to 24 years	1,050	525	525	310	155	150
25 to 29 years	1,175	590	590	375	190	185
30 to 34 years	1,340	685	655	435	230	210
35 to 39 years	1,250	595	655	315	155	160
40 to 44 years	1,380	705	675	355	180	180
45 to 49 years	1,395	675	715	375	175	200
50 to 54 years	1,990	1,000	990	465	245	215
55 to 59 years	1,940	950	990	390	180	205
60 to 64 years	1,555	775	780	270	150	125
65 years and over	4,140	1,960	2,180	545	245	295
65 to 69 years	1,440	705	735	215	100	115
70 to 74 years	1,025	490	540	145	70	75
75 to 79 years	790	380	415	85	40	45
80 to 84 years	545	265	280	60	25	35
85 years and over	340	125	215	40	15	30
85 to 89 years	225	100	120	30	10	25
90 to 94 years	95	25	65	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	20	0	20	5	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	16.9	16.1	18.7	18.3	19.0
15 to 64 years	64.9	65.4	64.3	70.7	72.0	69.7
65 years and over	18.6	17.7	19.5	10.6	9.5	11.5
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.9	0.8	0.6	1.2
Average age of the population	42.4	41.7	43.1	37.5	37.2	37.9
Median age of the population	44.6	43.8	45.7	37.2	36.9	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,260	...	...	1,895	...	...
Single-detached house	7,500	...	...	1,180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,425	...	...	720	...	...
Semi-detached house	775	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	220	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	100	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	310	...	...	155	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	340	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,260	...	...	1,895	...	...
1 person	2,315	...	...	360	...	...
2 persons	3,800	...	...	610	...	...
3 persons	1,405	...	...	380	...	...
4 persons	1,165	...	...	385	...	...
5 or more persons	580	...	...	165	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,940	...	...	5,150	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,565	9,200	9,360	4,185	2,100	2,090
Married or living common law	11,895	5,935	5,960	2,560	1,275	1,280
Married	9,550	4,780	4,775	2,095	1,040	1,050
Living common law	2,345	1,160	1,190	465	230	240
Not married and not living common law	6,670	3,265	3,400	1,630	825	805
Never married	4,025	2,310	1,720	1,095	620	475
Separated	580	280	300	145	65	80
Divorced	1,060	475	585	245	100	145
Widowed	1,000	210	795	145	35	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,825	...	...	1,540	...	...
2 persons	3,955	...	...	680	...	...
3 persons	1,340	...	...	390	...	...
4 persons	1,080	...	...	355	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	120	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,830	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total couple families	5,885	...	...	1,270	...	...
Married couples	4,710	...	...	1,035	...	...
Common-law couples	1,175	...	...	235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	945	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	705	...	...	190	...	...
Male parent	235	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,885	...	...	1,265	...	...
Couples without children	3,375	...	...	510	...	...
Couples with children	2,510	...	...	755	...	...
1 child	1,080	...	...	310	...	...
2 children	995	...	...	330	...	...
3 or more children	435	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	270	...	...
1 child	575	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,245	1,585	1,660	590	305	290
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,265	...	...	1,900	...	...
One-census-family households	6,565	...	...	1,430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,270	...	...	460	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,295	...	...	970	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	135	...	...	55	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,565	...	...	410	...	...
One-person households	2,315	...	...	355	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	250	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,000	10,920	11,075	5,150	2,565	2,580
English only	20,030	9,960	10,065	4,905	2,470	2,435
French only	55	20	35	0	0	0
English and French	1,880	925	960	230	90	140
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,000	10,925	11,075	5,150	2,565	2,580
English	21,270	10,515	10,760	5,075	2,535	2,545
French	685	380	305	50	20	25
English and French	15	5	5	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	25	15	5	10	0	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	690	385	310	55	25	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.1	3.5	2.8	1.1	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,000	10,925	11,075	5,145	2,570	2,580
Single responses	21,900	10,870	11,035	5,095	2,540	2,550
Official languages	21,425	10,645	10,780	4,595	2,300	2,295
English	20,730	10,265	10,465	4,545	2,275	2,265
French	695	385	315	55	25	30
Non-official languages	475	220	255	495	240	255
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	470	225	245	495	245	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	10	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	20	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	20	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	360	180	180	400	195	205
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	70	30	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5	40	20	25
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	270	130	145	70	35	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	30	35	15	10	10
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	185	90	95	50	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	10	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	30	15	220	110	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	135	65	65
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Romanian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	30	20	10	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	15	10	5
Chinese languages	25	15	10	15	10	5
Cantonese	5	0	5	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	55	40	60	30	30
English and French	65	35	25	10	5	5
English and non-official language	30	10	15	45	25	20
French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,995	10,925	11,075	5,150	2,570	2,580
Single responses	21,895	10,875	11,025	5,045	2,515	2,530
Official languages	21,715	10,785	10,935	4,900	2,450	2,450
English	21,345	10,585	10,760	4,890	2,445	2,445
French	375	200	180	10	5	5
Non-official languages	175	90	85	150	70	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	90	85	145	70	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	75	70	95	45	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	15	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	45	55	10	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	40	55	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	25	10	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	5	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	10	5	10
Chinese languages	15	10	5	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	45	55	105	50	50
English and French	20	10	10	5	5	0
English and non-official language	80	35	40	95	50	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,000	10,925	11,075	5,150	2,570	2,580
None	21,210	10,545	10,665	4,840	2,430	2,410
English	265	130	135	75	40	40
French	320	160	165	25	10	20
Non-official language	185	85	100	205	95	105
Aboriginal	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	175	75	95	200	95	100
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,275	9,025	9,250	4,185	2,100	2,090
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,450	8,650	8,800	4,020	2,015	2,005
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,627	39,201	24,237	39,061	47,488	31,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,470	8,655	8,815	4,025	2,010	2,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,774	34,403	22,495	34,643	40,820	28,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,145	7,815	7,335	3,730	1,925	1,800
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,943	37,810	21,431	38,000	47,104	29,355
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,705	5,535	7,170	2,700	1,175	1,525
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,531	8,224	7,217	3,355	1,300	4,621
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,110	6,415	5,700	3,365	1,790	1,580
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,359	37,709	22,917	38,885	47,168	32,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	18,275	9,025	9,250	4,180	2,115	2,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,435	8,615	8,820	4,015	2,020	1,995
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,311	44,999	29,804	44,259	54,316	34,061
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,450	8,610	8,840	4,015	2,020	1,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,513	37,443	25,734	37,281	44,841	29,615
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,230	7,855	7,375	3,685	1,930	1,750
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,646	43,159	27,643	43,393	53,409	32,336
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,700	5,550	7,150	2,620	1,095	1,525
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,483	8,769	8,262	6,836	6,015	7,426
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,110	6,360	5,755	3,310	1,795	1,515
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,620	41,797	28,793	44,552	53,369	34,146
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	18,270	9,025	9,250	4,180	2,115	2,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,970	3,405	2,560	1,880	1,180	700
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,451	52,620	37,925	54,175	61,421	48,359
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,611	54,563	43,028	60,295	66,591	49,720
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.4	87.7	77.2	90.2	93.6	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.3	69.2	62.0	82.4	85.7	77.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.3	22.8	9.9	6.3	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	18,270	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,100	2,090
Without total income	825	370	450	165	85	85
With total income	17,450	8,650	8,800	4,020	2,015	2,005
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.8	95.2	96.1	96.0	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,475	930	1,545	520	195	330
$10,000 to $19,999	3,335	1,210	2,125	555	210	345
$20,000 to $29,999	2,750	1,135	1,615	520	215	305
$30,000 to $39,999	2,370	1,130	1,240	470	230	245
$40,000 to $49,999	1,845	960	880	485	230	255
$50,000 to $59,999	1,385	870	515	390	205	185
$60,000 to $69,999	1,150	860	290	325	200	125
$70,000 to $79,999	820	590	235	220	150	70
$80,000 to $89,999	490	310	170	200	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	285	210	75	125	75	45
$100,000 and over	550	435	115	210	165	50
$100,000 to $149,999	435	350	85	165	120	40
$150,000 and over	115	85	30	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,275	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,095	2,090
Without after-tax income	805	375	430	165	80	80
With after-tax income	17,470	8,655	8,815	4,020	2,015	2,005
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.9	95.3	96.1	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,645	970	1,680	540	200	340
$10,000 to $19,999	3,535	1,295	2,240	585	220	365
$20,000 to $29,999	3,225	1,390	1,835	610	260	350
$30,000 to $39,999	2,855	1,425	1,435	610	295	315
$40,000 to $49,999	1,995	1,235	760	570	305	270
$50,000 to $59,999	1,495	1,090	400	400	240	160
$60,000 to $69,999	840	580	265	305	220	90
$70,000 to $79,999	380	290	95	195	130	70
$80,000 and over	490	385	100	205	155	50
$80,000 to $89,999	200	155	45	90	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	125	110	20	40	30	5
$100,000 and over	160	125	35	80	65	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	18,270	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,100	2,090
Without employment income	6,165	2,615	3,550	820	305	515
With employment income	12,110	6,410	5,700	3,370	1,790	1,575
Percentage with employment income	66.3	71.0	61.7	80.5	85.2	75.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,695	785	910	360	165	190
$5,000 to $9,999	1,045	450	595	245	105	140
$10,000 to $19,999	1,800	720	1,080	400	160	240
$20,000 to $29,999	1,605	745	855	325	145	180
$30,000 to $39,999	1,455	675	785	410	200	210
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	645	545	370	175	190
$50,000 to $59,999	910	615	300	325	180	145
$60,000 to $69,999	880	680	200	270	175	95
$70,000 to $79,999	615	430	180	190	135	60
$80,000 and over	920	665	250	480	350	125
$80,000 to $89,999	375	235	135	175	130	40
$90,000 to $99,999	200	145	45	120	75	50
$100,000 and over	345	280	65	180	145	35
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,265	...	...	1,895	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,147	...	...	86,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,538	...	...	74,713	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,315	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,112	...	...	45,696	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,747	...	...	39,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,945	...	...	1,540	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,792	...	...	97,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,291	...	...	83,072	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,260	...	...	1,910	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,236	...	...	92,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,383	...	...	78,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,320	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,496	...	...	46,214	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,467	...	...	39,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,945	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,828	...	...	104,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,365	...	...	87,937	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,260	...	...	1,895	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	225	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	410	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	470	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	530	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	470	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	450	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	480	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	880	...	...	135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	835	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	710	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	575	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,920	...	...	750	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	900	...	...	290	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	510	...	...	225	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	365	...	...	165	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,260	...	...	1,895	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	230	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	430	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	565	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	550	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	565	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	585	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	940	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	825	...	...	200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,065	...	...	515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	650	...	...	280	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	235	...	...	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...	110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,755	...	...	1,500	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	96,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,013	...	...	82,916	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	445	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,600	...	...	88,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,445	...	...	76,544	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,535	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,115	...	...	111,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,255	...	...	95,061	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	875	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,547	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,424	...	...	55,637	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,755	...	...	1,495	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,444	...	...	104,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,013	...	...	87,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,205	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,817	...	...	94,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,370	...	...	78,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,550	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,428	...	...	122,089	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,372	...	...	102,297	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	850	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,562	...	...	68,843	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,285	...	...	58,876	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,925	1,465	1,460	505	270	240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,476	35,712	26,094	41,984	46,464	37,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,191	30,866	24,476	36,480	39,552	33,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,880	1,480	1,400	510	285	225
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,192	42,181	31,907	43,767	48,694	37,440
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,445	34,770	27,922	37,236	40,482	33,069
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,940	10,895	11,045	5,150	2,565	2,580
In the bottom half of the distribution	13,760	6,640	7,125	2,195	1,045	1,155
In the bottom decile	2,185	1,020	1,165	245	110	135
In the second decile	3,080	1,430	1,645	335	165	175
In the third decile	2,745	1,315	1,425	395	195	200
In the fourth decile	2,980	1,485	1,495	570	275	295
In the fifth decile	2,780	1,390	1,395	640	300	345
In the top half of the distribution	8,180	4,255	3,925	2,950	1,525	1,430
In the sixth decile	2,615	1,340	1,275	630	330	305
In the seventh decile	2,210	1,160	1,050	755	380	375
In the eighth decile	1,550	815	735	695	370	330
In the ninth decile	1,195	625	570	605	305	300
In the top decile	605	315	290	270	140	130
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,945	10,895	11,050	5,150	2,570	2,575
0 to 17 years	4,460	2,305	2,155	1,170	580	590
0 to 5 years	1,515	785	730	390	190	205
18 to 64 years	13,390	6,655	6,740	3,430	1,740	1,695
65 years and over	4,085	1,935	2,155	545	250	295
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,795	1,750	2,045	405	190	220
0 to 17 years	975	500	480	125	60	60
0 to 5 years	370	200	175	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	2,015	915	1,100	245	110	135
65 years and over	805	335	465	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	16.1	18.5	7.9	7.4	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.9	21.7	22.3	10.7	10.3	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	24.4	25.5	24.0	11.5	13.2	12.2
18 to 64 years (%)	15.0	13.7	16.3	7.1	6.3	8.0
65 years and over (%)	19.7	17.3	21.6	7.3	6.0	8.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,130	550	575	155	75	80
0 to 17 years	275	150	125	40	20	25
0 to 5 years	110	65	45	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	785	370	415	105	50	55
65 years and over	65	35	35	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.0	5.2	3.0	2.9	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.5	5.8	3.4	3.4	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.3	8.3	6.2	3.8	2.6	4.9
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.6	6.2	3.1	2.9	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,945	10,895	11,045	5,200	2,600	2,600
Official languages	21,915	10,890	11,030	5,195	2,600	2,595
English	21,835	10,850	10,990	5,195	2,600	2,595
French	1,960	945	1,015	275	115	155
Non-official languages	625	290	330	630	315	320
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	625	290	335	615	310	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	20	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	10	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	25	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	25	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	480	220	255	525	250	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	0	125	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	10	120	70	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	10	10	0	55	20	35
Russian	10	10	0	20	15	10
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	325	160	165	105	45	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	85	40	45	10	0	10
Frisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
German	225	120	105	70	40	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	25	0	15
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	10	10	10	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	45	70	280	140	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	0	190	105	85
Portuguese	10	0	10	30	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	60	60	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	10	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Chinese languages	30	15	10	20	10	10
Cantonese	20	10	10	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,945	10,895	11,050	5,200	2,600	2,600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,615	10,755	10,855	5,070	2,550	2,520
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,480	2,340	2,145	1,215	585	625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,130	8,415	8,715	3,860	1,965	1,900
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	330	140	195	125	50	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,940	10,895	11,050	5,200	2,595	2,600
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,065	10,500	10,565	4,540	2,255	2,285
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	810	350	460	650	340	305
Before 1981	430	185	250	380	190	185
1981 to 1990	100	30	75	65	40	30
1991 to 2000	90	45	45	105	55	50
2001 to 2010	90	45	50	60	35	25
2001 to 2005	45	15	25	45	25	20
2006 to 2010	45	30	20	20	15	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	85	45	45	35	30	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	40	25	10	0	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	810	350	460	650	340	305
Under 5 years	85	40	50	140	65	70
5 to 14 years	175	75	100	135	75	60
15 to 24 years	195	70	125	165	90	75
25 to 44 years	265	120	150	200	105	95
45 years and over	85	60	30	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	810	350	460	645	345	305
Americas	160	55	105	90	50	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	25	10
Mexico	10	10	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	45	70	15	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	25	30	15	15
Europe	555	245	305	435	235	205
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	105	50	55	30	15	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	60	35	25
Netherlands	55	20	35	10	0	10
Poland	10	10	0	35	20	15
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	315	140	175	210	115	95
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	15	35	25	10
Africa	15	10	10	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	10
Asia	60	25	40	90	45	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	30	15	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	40	45	35	25	10
Americas	10	0	0	20	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	70	35	35	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,945	10,890	11,045	5,200	2,600	2,600
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,015	460	550	675	355	320
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,710	830	885	1,285	585	700
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	19,225	9,605	9,615	3,240	1,655	1,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	375	165	215	290	160	130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	200	100	105	110	50	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	75	50	30	50	30	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	125	50	75	60	20	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	170	60	110	140	90	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	40	25	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,940	10,890	11,050	5,195	2,600	2,600
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	855	465	395	150	65	85
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	785	420	360	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	435	245	195	120	50	70
Métis	340	180	170	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,090	10,435	10,660	5,045	2,535	2,515
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,945	10,895	11,045	5,200	2,600	2,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	225	130	95	75	25	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,720	10,770	10,955	5,120	2,570	2,555
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,940	10,895	11,050	5,200	2,600	2,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	160	95	60	20	10	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	155	95	60	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	75	55	20	15	0	15
Métis single ancestry	75	45	35	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,465	690	775	220	110	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,405	665	745	215	110	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	890	415	480	145	75	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	500	235	265	70	40	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	30	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,320	10,105	10,215	4,960	2,480	2,480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,940	10,895	11,050	5,195	2,600	2,595
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	405	205	205	280	145	130
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	15	35	20	20
Chinese	40	15	25	25	20	10
Black	200	110	90	90	50	45
Filipino	20	0	10	35	15	20
Latin American	20	10	0	30	15	20
Arab	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	0	20	20	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	40	20	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,535	10,690	10,845	4,920	2,455	2,465
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,945	10,895	11,050	5,200	2,600	2,600
North American Aboriginal origins	1,625	785	835	235	115	120
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,020	495	530	165	75	90
Inuit	35	15	15	0	0	0
Métis	635	310	320	75	45	30
Other North American origins	11,355	5,645	5,710	1,825	885	945
Acadian	300	120	180	10	10	0
American	200	100	100	110	50	65
Canadian	10,995	5,490	5,500	1,735	845	890
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	20	15	30	10	20
Nova Scotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	10	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,350	7,010	7,340	4,205	2,090	2,115
British Isles origins	11,590	5,630	5,960	2,885	1,395	1,490
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,675	3,230	3,440	1,705	800	905
Irish	4,135	1,920	2,210	1,245	590	655
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,545	2,665	2,880	1,060	565	495
Welsh	425	180	245	135	55	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	415	230	185	170	80	95
French origins	2,870	1,390	1,475	535	230	305
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0	0	0
French	2,870	1,395	1,475	530	235	305
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,535	2,135	2,395	770	400	365
Austrian	60	40	25	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	35	10	45	35	15
Dutch	1,595	695	895	215	100	120
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,360	1,620	1,740	510	265	245
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	50	25	25	15	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	400	165	235	150	65	80
Danish	135	50	90	0	10	0
Finnish	25	10	10	15	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	140	60	85	55	25	30
Swedish	95	45	45	50	20	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	0	15	20	10	10
Eastern European origins	490	240	245	470	240	230
Bulgarian	0	10	10	10	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	20	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	20	10	15
Estonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	35	30	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	40	15	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	85	65	205	100	110
Romanian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	90	45	50	55	20	35
Slovak	15	10	10	20	20	0
Ukrainian	135	70	70	115	55	55
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	450	195	260	1,035	560	475
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	70	40	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	0	25	20	0	10
Italian	290	125	160	735	410	325
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	0	15	20	10	10
Maltese	15	0	10	50	25	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	120	55	60
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Spanish	50	25	25	55	20	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	20	35	25	15	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	10	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	15	30	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	85	55	30	95	50	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	30	0	75	40	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	20	10	15
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	15	20	80	35	50
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	105	70	35	60	35	20
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	50	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	40	25	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	60	35	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Asian origins	190	70	120	225	110	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	20	20	75	30	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	15	15	0	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	40	20	20	45	20	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	20	20	40	15	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	120	40	80	115	65	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	25	40	35	25	10
Filipino	25	10	15	50	20	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	0	10	0	0
Australian	20	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,260	...	...	1,915	...	...
Owner	6,920	...	...	1,630	...	...
Renter	2,340	...	...	280	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,260	...	...	1,910	...	...
Condominium	65	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	9,195	...	...	1,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,260	...	...	1,910	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	480	...	...	105	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,335	...	...	190	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,800	...	...	980	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,640	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,265	...	...	1,915	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,235	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	1,535	...	...	230	...	...
6 rooms	1,575	...	...	405	...	...
7 rooms	1,480	...	...	325	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,445	...	...	760	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,260	...	...	1,910	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,250	...	...	1,900	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,265	...	...	1,910	...	...
Suitable	9,060	...	...	1,860	...	...
Not suitable	205	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,260	...	...	1,915	...	...
1960 or before	2,295	...	...	185	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,315	...	...	705	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,595	...	...	270	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,585	...	...	450	...	...
2001 to 2005	465	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	595	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	420	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,260	...	...	1,910	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,400	...	...	1,815	...	...
Major repairs needed	865	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,260	...	...	1,915	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,755	...	...	1,030	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,415	...	...	845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	90	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,265	...	...	1,910	...	...
15 to 24 years	215	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,230	...	...	325	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,440	...	...	350	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,785	...	...	525	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,965	...	...	370	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,470	...	...	220	...	...
75 to 84 years	925	...	...	80	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,100	...	...	1,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,510	...	...	1,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,595	...	...	405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,480	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,775	...	...	1,625	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.1	...	...	74.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.6	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	834	...	...	1,505	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	898	...	...	1,422	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,589	...	...	389,788	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	197,417	...	...	423,402	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,335	...	...	280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.7	...	...	49.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	803	...	...	1,082	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	1,225	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,275	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,115	2,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,175	2,270	1,900	785	445	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,945	2,540	2,405	1,355	725	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,155	4,220	4,940	2,040	945	1,090
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,135	1,480	655	370	280	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,180	655	530	140	80	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	955	830	125	225	205	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,605	1,755	2,850	1,120	440	680
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	120	185	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,120	860	1,255	500	200	295
Bachelor's degree	1,545	610	930	360	130	230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	35	70	55	40	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	40	35	10	0	0
Master's degree	320	125	200	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	45	20	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,830	5,770	6,055	3,020	1,550	1,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,750	1,055	695	380	245	135
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,155	1,640	1,510	950	555	395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,925	3,080	3,850	1,690	750	935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,505	1,035	470	290	220	70
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	825	450	370	115	55	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	680	580	100	180	170	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,565	1,350	2,215	925	360	565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	55	115	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,690	640	1,050	430	150	280
Bachelor's degree	1,265	495	775	315	95	220
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	15	65	35	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	35	0	0	10
Master's degree	270	95	175	60	25	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	0	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,275	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,115	2,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,115	4,805	4,305	2,145	1,170	975
Education	550	120	425	80	20	60
13. Education	550	120	425	80	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	70	85	105	40	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	55	75	100	35	65
Humanities	345	155	190	90	35	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	55	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	40	30	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	60	35	15	10	0
54. History	75	50	25	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	175	450	280	55	235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	10	45	35	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	15	210	105	10	100
22. Legal professions and studies	35	20	15	45	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	115	50	65	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	180	70	110	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	1,990	405	1,585	390	135	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	35	130	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,820	365	1,450	340	125	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	125	110	70	25	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	50	30	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	25	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	40	20	25	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	100	100	65	50	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	90	90	60	40	15
25. Library science	10	0	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,300	2,145	160	470	435	35
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15	15	0	10
14. Engineering	155	140	15	20	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	440	385	55	90	75	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	565	545	20	145	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	910	855	55	120	115	0
48. Precision production	215	215	0	80	70	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	180	115	40	30	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	225	140	90	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	20	25	15	10
Health and related fields	1,585	225	1,360	250	30	220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	40	70	45	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,465	180	1,290	210	0	200
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	880	515	360	190	95	95
12. Personal and culinary services	430	105	320	105	25	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	70	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	160	140	20	65	55	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	185	15	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,830	5,770	6,055	3,020	1,550	1,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,905	2,695	2,210	1,330	800	530
Education	405	70	335	65	10	55
13. Education	400	65	335	70	15	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	50	75	85	30	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	35	75	80	30	55
Humanities	230	120	115	60	20	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	40	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	30	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	45	10	15	10	0
54. History	60	40	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	525	135	395	260	45	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	0	35	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	10	180	90	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	30	15	15	40	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	105	40	70	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	135	50	90	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	1,480	275	1,205	305	100	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	25	105	35	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,335	245	1,095	270	90	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	65	70	65	25	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	30	30	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	25	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	25	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	75	75	55	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	75	65	50	35	20
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,750	1,595	155	390	355	35
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15	15	10	10
14. Engineering	120	110	10	25	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	335	280	50	80	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	430	410	20	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	615	50	105	100	0
48. Precision production	175	175	0	55	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	140	110	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	100	85	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	20	20	15	10
Health and related fields	1,215	175	1,040	215	25	185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	30	60	40	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,115	140	975	170	10	170
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	665	380	280	155	75	80
12. Personal and culinary services	315	70	245	85	20	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	90	20	60	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	160	15	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,270	9,025	9,245	4,180	2,120	2,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,115	4,810	4,310	2,145	1,170	975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,155	4,220	4,940	2,040	945	1,095
Location of study inside Canada	8,755	4,035	4,720	1,850	825	1,020
Same as province or territory of residence	6,365	2,735	3,630	1,730	760	970
Different than province or territory of residence	2,390	1,300	1,090	120	70	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	400	180	220	185	120	70
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	65	60	35	20	15
Philippines	10	0	10	20	10	15
India	0	10	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	105	40	60	50	35	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other	145	55	90	80	60	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,830	5,770	6,060	3,020	1,555	1,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,905	2,695	2,210	1,330	805	530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,925	3,075	3,850	1,690	750	940
Location of study inside Canada	6,690	2,980	3,710	1,560	670	885
Same as province or territory of residence	4,855	2,010	2,845	1,465	625	840
Different than province or territory of residence	1,830	975	865	90	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	95	145	130	85	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	35	35	20	10	10
Philippines	10	0	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	20	35	25	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	95	30	65	70	50	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	18,270	9,025	9,245	4,185	2,120	2,065
In the labour force	11,215	5,930	5,285	3,135	1,665	1,470
Employed	10,180	5,355	4,820	2,925	1,575	1,350
Unemployed	1,035	570	460	210	90	120
Not in the labour force	7,055	3,095	3,960	1,045	445	595
Participation rate	61.4	65.7	57.2	74.9	78.5	71.2
Employment rate	55.7	59.3	52.1	69.9	74.3	65.4
Unemployment rate	9.2	9.6	8.7	6.7	5.4	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	18,270	9,025	9,250	4,180	2,115	2,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,585	2,880	3,710	990	390	605
Worked	11,685	6,145	5,540	3,190	1,725	1,460
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,115	3,510	2,610	1,910	1,190	725
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,565	2,640	2,930	1,275	540	740
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.1	41.8	44.3	45.5	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,215	5,930	5,285	3,135	1,665	1,470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	240	120	120	55	0	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,975	5,805	5,170	3,075	1,660	1,420
Employee	9,835	5,090	4,745	2,820	1,495	1,320
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,135	715	425	255	160	95
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,215	5,930	5,285	3,135	1,665	1,470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	235	120	120	60	10	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,970	5,810	5,165	3,075	1,660	1,415
0 Management occupations	1,105	775	325	280	150	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,305	325	980	455	160	295
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	495	370	125	160	125	30
3 Health occupations	865	95	775	130	10	115
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,685	810	875	305	65	235
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	185	50	135	90	50	45
6 Sales and service occupations	2,330	855	1,475	640	225	415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,760	1,670	85	665	620	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	565	385	175	65	50	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	685	470	215	285	195	90
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,210	5,925	5,285	3,135	1,665	1,470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	240	120	120	60	0	55
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,970	5,805	5,165	3,075	1,660	1,415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	730	465	265	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	25	15	0
23 Construction	825	775	55	385	330	55
31-33 Manufacturing	875	665	210	535	405	135
41 Wholesale trade	280	190	90	175	100	70
44-45 Retail trade	1,530	675	855	345	140	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	375	300	80	195	140	55
51 Information and cultural industries	60	15	50	40	20	20
52 Finance and insurance	240	50	190	50	10	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	75	65	50	10	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	145	190	170	75	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	390	210	180	130	80	50
61 Educational services	555	120	435	210	45	165
62 Health care and social assistance	1,530	215	1,315	235	20	220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	55	85	65	40	20
72 Accommodation and food services	540	205	335	160	50	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	440	190	255	125	60	65
91 Public administration	1,920	1,420	500	150	100	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,180	5,360	4,825	2,925	1,575	1,350
Worked at home	735	375	360	115	35	75
Worked outside Canada	60	50	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	1,090	805	285	425	330	95
Worked at usual place	8,295	4,130	4,170	2,380	1,210	1,170
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,295	4,130	4,170	2,380	1,210	1,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,390	2,510	1,885	695	325	370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,875	1,140	1,735	180	60	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	915	425	490	1,495	820	680
Commute to a different province or territory	115	50	60	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,385	4,930	4,455	2,810	1,540	1,270
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,255	4,290	3,970	2,450	1,345	1,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	535	270	260	175	110	65
Public transit	95	60	35	40	15	25
Walked	355	190	165	135	60	75
Bicycle	70	65	0	10	0	0
Other method	80	55	25	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,385	4,930	4,455	2,805	1,535	1,270
Less than 15 minutes	4,155	2,250	1,910	535	245	285
15 to 29 minutes	3,610	1,800	1,810	615	315	295
30 to 44 minutes	1,045	510	540	575	285	290
45 to 59 minutes	205	115	90	485	290	195
60 minutes and over	370	265	110	600	405	195
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,385	4,930	4,455	2,810	1,535	1,270
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	475	350	125	470	375	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,195	1,330	860	620	410	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,215	1,830	1,385	690	320	370
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,560	475	1,085	335	95	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	620	280	345	195	65	130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,325	670	655	500	280	215
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,000	6,300	5,700	3,280	1,750	1,530
Single responses	11,980	6,285	5,690	3,275	1,745	1,520
Official languages	11,970	6,285	5,685	3,265	1,740	1,525
English	11,905	6,270	5,640	3,260	1,740	1,515
French	70	20	45	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	25	15	10	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,000	6,300	5,700	3,280	1,745	1,530
None	11,520	6,015	5,510	3,215	1,705	1,510
English	40	10	25	10	0	10
French	410	255	155	30	20	10
Non-official language	30	20	10	15	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	20	10	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	21,745	10,820	10,925	5,115	2,565	2,555
Non-movers	19,200	9,610	9,595	4,380	2,185	2,195
Movers	2,540	1,210	1,330	735	375	360
Non-migrants	975	500	470	175	95	80
Migrants	1,565	710	860	565	280	280
Internal migrants	1,460	650	810	560	285	280
Intraprovincial migrants	750	295	455	550	280	270
Interprovincial migrants	710	355	350	15	0	10
External migrants	110	60	50	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,755	10,300	10,450	4,830	2,435	2,395
Non-movers	13,765	6,865	6,900	3,025	1,530	1,495
Movers	6,985	3,435	3,550	1,805	905	900
Non-migrants	2,775	1,360	1,415	565	285	285
Migrants	4,215	2,075	2,135	1,245	625	620
Internal migrants	3,960	1,955	2,005	1,205	605	605
Intraprovincial migrants	1,925	895	1,030	1,150	570	575
Interprovincial migrants	2,030	1,055	975	65	35	30
External migrants	250	120	130	35	20	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kings, Subd. A, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kings, Subd. A, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario