Census Profile, 2016 Census
Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island [Province]

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Berwick, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Prince Edward Island [Province]
	Data quality , Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Prince Edward Island [Province] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,509	...	...	142,907	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,454	...	...	140,204	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.2	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,071	...	...	71,119	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,042	...	...	59,472	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	381.3	...	...	25.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.58	...	...	5,686.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,510	1,115	1,390	142,910	69,305	73,605
0 to 14 years	295	165	135	22,685	11,570	11,115
0 to 4 years	90	50	35	7,005	3,645	3,360
5 to 9 years	95	55	45	7,905	3,985	3,925
10 to 14 years	115	60	50	7,775	3,940	3,830
15 to 64 years	1,365	625	740	92,510	45,090	47,420
15 to 19 years	135	65	75	8,645	4,435	4,215
20 to 24 years	105	50	60	8,620	4,390	4,225
25 to 29 years	85	45	45	7,650	3,700	3,945
30 to 34 years	110	45	65	7,760	3,735	4,025
35 to 39 years	100	45	55	8,180	3,885	4,295
40 to 44 years	125	60	70	8,820	4,235	4,585
45 to 49 years	155	75	80	9,560	4,650	4,910
50 to 54 years	175	75	105	11,250	5,425	5,825
55 to 59 years	205	100	105	11,330	5,420	5,915
60 to 64 years	165	70	95	10,685	5,215	5,475
65 years and over	845	325	520	27,710	12,640	15,070
65 to 69 years	210	100	110	9,940	4,830	5,110
70 to 74 years	155	60	95	6,625	3,170	3,455
75 to 79 years	135	45	85	4,695	2,180	2,520
80 to 84 years	145	50	90	3,370	1,440	1,930
85 years and over	205	65	140	3,080	1,020	2,060
85 to 89 years	110	40	70	1,895	715	1,180
90 to 94 years	70	20	50	910	260	650
95 to 99 years	20	5	20	250	45	210
100 years and over	5	0	0	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8	14.8	9.7	15.9	16.7	15.1
15 to 64 years	54.4	56.1	53.2	64.7	65.1	64.4
65 years and over	33.7	29.1	37.4	19.4	18.2	20.5
85 years and over	8.2	5.8	10.1	2.2	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	50.6	47.5	53.1	42.7	41.7	43.6
Median age of the population	54.2	51.0	55.9	44.5	43.6	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
Single-detached house	650	...	...	41,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	55	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	350	...	...	15,725	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...	3,350	...	...
Row house	65	...	...	2,185	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165	...	...	9,050	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	2,530	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,040	...	...	59,470	...	...
1 person	340	...	...	16,295	...	...
2 persons	425	...	...	22,905	...	...
3 persons	125	...	...	9,010	...	...
4 persons	100	...	...	7,370	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,895	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,230	...	...	139,685	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,210	950	1,260	120,220	57,735	62,490
Married or living common law	1,185	595	590	71,650	35,815	35,835
Married	1,010	510	505	60,895	30,465	30,430
Living common law	175	85	90	10,760	5,355	5,405
Not married and not living common law	1,025	360	665	48,570	21,920	26,655
Never married	445	215	230	30,750	16,290	14,460
Separated	70	30	40	3,500	1,470	2,025
Divorced	195	60	135	6,620	2,665	3,955
Widowed	315	60	260	7,700	1,495	6,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	670	...	...	41,705	...	...
2 persons	425	...	...	23,045	...	...
3 persons	120	...	...	8,565	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	6,910	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	3,185	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	670	...	...	41,705	...	...
Total couple families	560	...	...	35,160	...	...
Married couples	470	...	...	29,785	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...	5,375	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	115	...	...	6,545	...	...
Female parent	95	...	...	5,155	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	560	...	...	35,160	...	...
Couples without children	350	...	...	18,975	...	...
Couples with children	215	...	...	16,180	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	6,755	...	...
2 children	85	...	...	6,370	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	3,055	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	6,545	...	...
1 child	80	...	...	4,070	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	1,810	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	460	170	290	23,270	10,455	12,810
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
One-census-family households	660	...	...	40,225	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	340	...	...	18,405	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	315	...	...	21,825	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	730	...	...
Non-census-family households	375	...	...	18,515	...	...
One-person households	340	...	...	16,295	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	2,225	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,325	1,045	1,275	141,015	68,540	72,480
English only	2,135	975	1,160	121,815	60,290	61,525
French only	0	0	0	115	55	65
English and French	190	75	115	17,840	7,540	10,295
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,250	650	600
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,325	1,045	1,275	141,015	68,535	72,485
English	2,290	1,030	1,260	135,015	65,690	69,320
French	35	15	20	4,550	2,105	2,445
English and French	0	0	0	235	105	130
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,225	630	590
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	40	15	20	4,665	2,160	2,510
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.7	1.4	1.6	3.3	3.2	3.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,325	1,045	1,275	141,020	68,535	72,480
Single responses	2,310	1,035	1,270	140,020	68,085	71,935
Official languages	2,270	1,020	1,250	132,870	64,475	68,390
English	2,225	1,000	1,220	128,005	62,235	65,765
French	50	20	35	4,865	2,245	2,620
Non-official languages	35	15	20	7,155	3,605	3,550
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	25	7,110	3,580	3,525
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	655	365	295
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	50	25	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	610	340	270
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	575	315	260
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	65	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	65	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	395	155	240
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	365	140	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	110	60	50
Kannada	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malayalam	5	5	0	55	30	25
Tamil	0	0	0	20	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	5	10	2,575	1,320	1,260
Albanian	0	0	0	95	55	45
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	385	190	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	380	190	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	70	30	40
Russian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	20	5	10	900	460	435
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	5
Dutch	15	0	10	465	240	220
Frisian	5	0	0	35	20	15
German	5	0	5	320	155	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	685	340	345
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	500	240	260
Bengali	0	0	0	40	25	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	50	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	205	80	120
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	105	55	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	180	90	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	180	90	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	475	250	230
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	40	40
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	305	150	150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	25	75
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,790	1,420	1,365
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,740	1,400	1,340
Cantonese	0	0	0	210	95	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,165	1,170	995
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	295	100	190
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	20	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	90	50	40
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	5	5	0	65	35	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	15	10	5	995	450	540
English and French	5	5	5	485	210	275
English and non-official language	15	5	5	460	220	240
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,325	1,045	1,280	141,015	68,535	72,485
Single responses	2,300	1,035	1,260	139,500	67,810	71,690
Official languages	2,295	1,030	1,260	134,930	65,480	69,445
English	2,285	1,030	1,260	132,670	64,445	68,225
French	5	5	0	2,260	1,035	1,225
Non-official languages	5	0	0	4,575	2,325	2,245
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	4,565	2,325	2,245
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	435	235	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	410	215	190
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	395	210	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	55	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	235	100	135
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	230	100	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,115	560	555
Albanian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	180	85	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	200	100	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	75	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	5	0	0	100	50	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	460	225	240
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	150	170
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	170	70	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	135	70	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	215	120	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	165	95	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	80	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,395	1,240	1,160
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,370	1,225	1,145
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,925	1,070	855
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	85	190
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	1,520	725	790
English and French	0	0	0	350	140	205
English and non-official language	25	10	10	1,150	575	575
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,325	1,045	1,275	141,015	68,540	72,480
None	2,275	1,025	1,250	133,895	65,280	68,610
English	10	10	0	2,550	1,215	1,335
French	25	10	15	2,850	1,205	1,650
Non-official language	15	5	10	1,635	795	840
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	10	1,605	785	825
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language	0	5	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,365	60,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,875	835	1,040	113,480	54,635	58,845
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,821	35,408	24,256	31,744	36,021	28,065
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,875	835	1,040	113,500	54,635	58,860
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,379	31,347	22,528	28,298	31,453	25,484
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,615	755	865	102,410	50,325	52,080
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,944	30,880	19,328	26,979	31,133	23,501
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,470	605	870	87,220	38,945	48,280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,357	9,888	9,224	8,232	8,959	7,645
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,195	575	625	86,035	43,395	42,640
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,079	29,376	22,101	26,851	29,875	24,280
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,365	60,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	840	1,020	113,455	54,690	58,775
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,375	41,205	30,569	38,899	43,979	34,171
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	845	1,025	113,470	54,685	58,785
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,151	34,572	26,515	32,504	36,004	29,249
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,595	755	840	102,480	50,470	52,015
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,585	38,249	27,492	35,474	40,517	30,579
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,465	595	870	87,040	38,985	48,055
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,497	9,743	9,329	8,938	9,236	8,696
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	600	600	86,035	43,380	42,655
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,706	37,749	29,689	34,919	39,152	30,613
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,930	860	1,070	117,050	56,360	60,690
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	545	265	280	38,235	19,905	18,330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,847	53,649	38,776	45,183	48,030	42,618
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,990	57,158	43,237	51,473	55,726	46,855
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.6	83.4	73.8	82.5	85.1	79.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.5	60.9	56.3	68.1	70.4	65.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.4	16.8	26.4	17.5	14.9	20.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,365	60,690
Without total income	55	25	30	3,570	1,725	1,845
With total income	1,870	835	1,035	113,485	54,635	58,845
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.1	96.7	97.0	96.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	95	165	14,190	6,250	7,940
$10,000 to $19,999	390	125	270	20,695	8,245	12,450
$20,000 to $29,999	305	125	185	18,775	7,895	10,880
$30,000 to $39,999	290	145	145	16,825	8,085	8,745
$40,000 to $49,999	205	90	110	13,650	7,035	6,610
$50,000 to $59,999	135	75	65	9,365	5,095	4,270
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	30	6,135	3,490	2,645
$70,000 to $79,999	85	55	30	4,580	2,515	2,065
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	20	3,005	1,625	1,375
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	1,725	1,085	645
$100,000 and over	45	30	15	4,525	3,320	1,205
$100,000 to $149,999	35	30	10	3,220	2,310	910
$150,000 and over	10	0	5	1,305	1,010	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,930	860	1,070	117,050	56,365	60,690
Without after-tax income	55	25	30	3,555	1,725	1,830
With after-tax income	1,875	835	1,040	113,500	54,635	58,860
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.1	97.2	97.0	96.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	275	95	180	14,850	6,410	8,435
$10,000 to $19,999	415	135	275	22,520	9,115	13,405
$20,000 to $29,999	375	155	220	23,185	10,240	12,940
$30,000 to $39,999	335	160	180	19,990	10,010	9,985
$40,000 to $49,999	205	105	95	13,485	7,175	6,305
$50,000 to $59,999	105	70	35	8,060	4,550	3,510
$60,000 to $69,999	90	65	30	4,980	2,625	2,355
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	10	2,435	1,570	865
$80,000 and over	30	25	10	3,995	2,945	1,040
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	1,360	960	395
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	825	595	230
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	1,815	1,395	415
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,365	60,690
Without employment income	735	285	450	31,015	12,970	18,050
With employment income	1,200	575	620	86,035	43,395	42,640
Percentage with employment income	62.2	66.9	57.9	73.5	77.0	70.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	215	95	120	11,240	5,470	5,775
$5,000 to $9,999	115	45	70	8,730	3,810	4,920
$10,000 to $19,999	190	85	100	15,030	7,035	7,995
$20,000 to $29,999	145	65	80	11,410	5,440	5,970
$30,000 to $39,999	160	65	90	10,230	4,910	5,325
$40,000 to $49,999	115	50	60	8,635	4,475	4,155
$50,000 to $59,999	70	35	30	6,355	3,565	2,790
$60,000 to $69,999	50	25	20	4,180	2,325	1,855
$70,000 to $79,999	65	45	20	3,420	1,785	1,630
$80,000 and over	80	55	25	6,795	4,580	2,225
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	15	2,240	1,205	1,030
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,240	805	435
$100,000 and over	25	20	10	3,320	2,565	760
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,045	...	...	59,475	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,413	...	...	61,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,464	...	...	53,434	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	345	...	...	16,290	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,816	...	...	29,861	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,768	...	...	26,785	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	700	...	...	43,180	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,389	...	...	76,250	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,688	...	...	65,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,040	...	...	59,475	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,290	...	...	74,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,011	...	...	62,017	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	16,240	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,913	...	...	37,396	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,439	...	...	31,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	690	...	...	43,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,534	...	...	88,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,343	...	...	73,375	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,040	...	...	59,475	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	795	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1,455	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	3,215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	2,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	2,900	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	3,230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	2,950	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	2,910	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	2,905	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	110	...	...	5,185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	4,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...	4,365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	3,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	3,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	14,135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	5,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	3,130	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	1,725	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	...	...	59,475	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	845	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	805	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	1,510	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	3,445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	3,330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	3,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	3,680	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	3,690	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3,505	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	3,280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...	6,215	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	5,545	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	4,535	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	3,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	2,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	100	...	...	8,940	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	4,715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	2,145	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	2,075	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	675	...	...	41,480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	76,607	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,496	...	...	66,071	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	330	...	...	18,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,648	...	...	70,078	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,632	...	...	60,702	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	16,390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,456	...	...	99,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,736	...	...	84,712	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	6,065	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	46,073	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,872	...	...	42,468	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	680	...	...	41,545	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,658	...	...	88,477	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,284	...	...	73,626	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...	18,100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,397	...	...	81,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,767	...	...	66,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	16,350	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,830	...	...	110,348	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,622	...	...	91,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	6,145	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,093	...	...	52,502	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,967	...	...	46,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	415	160	255	21,050	9,545	11,505
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,349	27,328	27,360	27,886	29,448	26,731
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,280	26,016	25,237	25,260	26,181	24,551
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	405	145	260	20,935	9,590	11,340
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,054	25,045	31,287	35,224	36,569	34,087
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,960	23,125	27,540	30,060	30,819	29,418
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,230	1,025	1,205	139,685	67,895	71,790
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,485	660	825	82,130	38,970	43,160
In the bottom decile	200	90	110	14,010	6,555	7,455
In the second decile	350	140	205	18,400	8,230	10,170
In the third decile	270	125	150	16,875	8,095	8,780
In the fourth decile	350	155	195	16,630	8,135	8,495
In the fifth decile	310	150	165	16,215	7,960	8,255
In the top half of the distribution	745	370	370	57,555	28,925	28,630
In the sixth decile	240	120	115	15,765	7,885	7,880
In the seventh decile	190	100	85	14,160	7,130	7,035
In the eighth decile	185	90	95	11,940	5,970	5,970
In the ninth decile	95	50	50	9,550	4,840	4,715
In the top decile	35	15	20	6,140	3,100	3,035
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,225	1,025	1,205	139,090	67,610	71,480
0 to 17 years	385	205	180	27,505	14,040	13,465
0 to 5 years	105	60	40	8,435	4,385	4,055
18 to 64 years	1,240	570	670	85,800	41,555	44,240
65 years and over	605	255	350	25,780	12,010	13,775
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	395	160	230	23,460	10,585	12,870
0 to 17 years	65	35	35	5,980	3,015	2,965
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	2,030	1,025	1,000
18 to 64 years	220	105	120	12,380	5,625	6,755
65 years and over	105	30	75	5,100	1,945	3,155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.8	15.6	19.1	16.9	15.7	18.0
0 to 17 years (%)	16.9	17.1	19.4	21.7	21.5	22.0
0 to 5 years (%)	23.8	16.7	25.0	24.1	23.4	24.7
18 to 64 years (%)	17.7	18.4	17.9	14.4	13.5	15.3
65 years and over (%)	17.4	11.8	21.4	19.8	16.2	22.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	120	55	65	8,730	4,215	4,515
0 to 17 years	20	5	15	2,045	1,045	1,000
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	670	335	340
18 to 64 years	95	45	50	6,210	2,995	3,220
65 years and over	5	0	5	480	180	300
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.4	5.4	6.3	6.2	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	2.4	8.3	7.4	7.4	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	0.0	12.5	7.9	7.6	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.9	7.5	7.2	7.2	7.3
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.0	1.4	1.9	1.5	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,230	1,025	1,205	139,685	67,895	71,785
Official languages	2,230	1,025	1,205	138,860	67,475	71,380
English	2,230	1,025	1,205	138,735	67,430	71,305
French	220	95	125	17,875	7,360	10,515
Non-official languages	60	20	40	8,685	4,305	4,375
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	70	30	40
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	20	40	8,605	4,270	4,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	745	430	315
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	735	425	310
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	650	375	275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	80	45	40
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	15	660	280	375
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	615	255	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	170	105	70
Kannada	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malayalam	0	0	0	105	60	40
Tamil	0	0	10	40	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	25	3,970	1,940	2,035
Albanian	0	0	0	90	60	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	490	215	270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	485	210	275
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Czech	0	0	0	35	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	25	55
Russian	0	0	0	255	125	135
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	25	30
Welsh	0	0	0	30	20	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	20	10	20	1,225	575	655
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Dutch	0	0	10	550	260	285
Frisian	0	0	0	55	30	15
German	10	10	10	570	250	325
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	10	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	900	470	430
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	635	320	315
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	165	95	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	250	100	150
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	185	95	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Urdu	0	0	0	75	40	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	265	145	115
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	265	150	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	1,290	610	680
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	190	100	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	175	105	70
Romanian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Spanish	0	0	10	945	420	530
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	125	60	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	185	85	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	200	90	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	15	25
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	75	40	40
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,460	1,260	1,205
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,445	1,245	1,200
Cantonese	0	0	0	300	115	185
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,105	1,110	990
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	45	10	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	40	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	75	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	55	25	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	55	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	105	50	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,225	1,025	1,200	139,685	67,900	71,785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,205	1,010	1,190	133,655	64,805	68,845
Canadian citizens aged under 18	375	210	165	26,415	13,440	12,975
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,830	800	1,025	107,235	51,365	55,875
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	25	15	10	6,035	3,090	2,940
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,230	1,025	1,200	139,685	67,895	71,790
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,135	985	1,150	129,405	62,795	66,610
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	85	35	45	8,940	4,375	4,565
Before 1981	35	15	20	2,460	1,185	1,275
1981 to 1990	10	10	10	565	240	325
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	670	330	340
2001 to 2010	15	0	15	1,890	950	935
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	560	295	260
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	1,335	650	680
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	10	3,360	1,670	1,690
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,340	725	615
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	85	35	45	8,940	4,375	4,565
Under 5 years	20	10	10	1,065	515	550
5 to 14 years	15	0	0	1,895	960	935
15 to 24 years	10	10	10	1,410	690	720
25 to 44 years	20	10	10	3,660	1,710	1,950
45 years and over	15	10	10	910	505	405
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	35	50	8,940	4,375	4,565
Americas	25	15	10	1,545	700	850
Brazil	0	0	0	20	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	60	20	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	20	0	15
Peru	0	0	0	15	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	25	0	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	0	1,205	550	660
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	150	60	85
Europe	35	15	20	3,015	1,560	1,455
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	15	20
Croatia	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	55	40	15
Germany	0	0	0	260	100	155
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	10	10	0	65	30	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	35	10
Italy	0	0	0	60	35	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	470	220	250
Poland	0	0	0	55	20	35
Portugal	0	0	0	70	35	30
Romania	0	0	0	15	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	80	35	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	25	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	10	1,370	755	615
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	335	180	155
Africa	0	0	0	340	170	170
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	70	45	30
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	25	40
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	65	25	40
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	110	60	45
Asia	25	0	20	4,005	1,935	2,075
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	1,835	895	940
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	100	50	50
India	0	0	0	225	105	115
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	230	130	95
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	45	25	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	105	35	65
Lebanon	0	0	0	95	65	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Philippines	10	0	0	475	200	285
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	25	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	205	100	105
Taiwan	0	0	0	80	40	40
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	435	175	255
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	3,355	1,670	1,690
Americas	10	10	0	190	95	100
Brazil	0	0	0	10	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	120	55	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15
Europe	0	0	0	390	200	180
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	10	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	20	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	65	45
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	155	70	85
Africa	0	0	0	130	65	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	25	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	10	15
Asia	10	0	0	2,650	1,305	1,345
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,395	710	685
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	40	25	20
India	0	0	0	125	60	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	95	50	45
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	15	15	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	75	40	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	10	10	380	165	215
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	185	95	95
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Turkey	0	0	0	15	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	125	40	90
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,225	1,025	1,205	139,690	67,895	71,790
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	115	60	55	10,800	5,380	5,420
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	175	85	90	9,010	4,190	4,825
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,940	880	1,055	119,875	58,325	61,545
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	50	20	30	6,565	3,230	3,335
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	10	10	4,750	2,455	2,295
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	10	0	1,835	1,220	615
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,915	1,240	1,680
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	40	15	25	1,040	435	610
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	720	315	405
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,225	1,025	1,200	139,685	67,895	71,790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	100	55	50	2,735	1,305	1,435
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	95	55	45	2,655	1,265	1,395
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	60	40	20	1,870	905	970
Métis	30	15	15	710	330	380
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	75	35	45
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	60	30	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,125	970	1,155	136,945	66,595	70,355
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,230	1,025	1,200	139,690	67,900	71,790
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	20	10	1,190	580	615
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,200	1,010	1,195	138,490	67,315	71,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,230	1,025	1,205	139,690	67,895	71,790
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	10	15	925	465	460
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	10	910	465	445
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	10	840	415	420
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	45	40	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	145	50	95	4,040	1,860	2,180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	140	50	95	3,965	1,830	2,140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	40	75	3,140	1,450	1,690
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	735	340	395
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	95	45	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	30	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,070	970	1,095	134,725	65,575	69,155
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,225	1,025	1,205	139,685	67,900	71,790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	60	25	35	6,640	3,325	3,320
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	920	470	450
Chinese	0	0	0	2,570	1,265	1,305
Black	0	0	10	825	425	400
Filipino	0	0	0	670	310	360
Latin American	0	0	0	255	140	115
Arab	0	0	0	585	340	250
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	10	145	55	90
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	215	115	95
Korean	0	0	0	210	95	120
Japanese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	55	15	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	15	15	85	40	50
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,170	1,005	1,165	133,045	64,575	68,470
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,230	1,025	1,200	139,685	67,895	71,790
North American Aboriginal origins	165	55	105	4,960	2,325	2,640
First Nations (North American Indian)	125	45	85	4,060	1,895	2,165
Inuit	10	0	0	165	70	95
Métis	30	10	15	830	390	435
Other North American origins	945	465	475	62,075	29,940	32,130
Acadian	50	25	15	3,485	1,730	1,755
American	10	0	10	1,020	515	500
Canadian	925	465	465	59,270	28,485	30,785
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	65	35	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	10
European origins	1,715	760	955	98,615	47,695	50,920
British Isles origins	1,460	640	820	85,140	41,095	44,045
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	10
English	800	355	445	40,310	19,035	21,275
Irish	570	220	345	38,510	17,905	20,605
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	700	300	400	50,685	24,075	26,615
Welsh	100	55	45	2,415	1,055	1,360
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	40	15	25	1,725	795	930
French origins	325	155	170	25,950	12,300	13,650
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	325	160	170	25,935	12,290	13,650
Western European origins (except French origins)	435	150	285	11,625	5,550	6,075
Austrian	0	0	0	205	95	110
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	10	440	250	190
Dutch	150	55	100	4,355	2,130	2,230
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	0
German	300	100	205	7,060	3,280	3,785
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10	210	115	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25	15	15	1,915	980	935
Danish	10	0	0	675	325	345
Finnish	0	0	0	210	75	135
Icelandic	10	0	10	90	70	20
Norwegian	15	10	0	415	215	200
Swedish	0	0	0	460	220	240
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	170	115	55
Eastern European origins	25	10	20	3,030	1,360	1,670
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	95	40	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Estonian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	310	130	175
Latvian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	35	60
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	1,155	540	620
Romanian	0	0	0	130	55	70
Russian	10	0	10	500	200	300
Slovak	0	0	0	55	20	35
Ukrainian	10	0	0	930	420	505
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Southern European origins	120	50	65	2,650	1,260	1,390
Albanian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	185	75	110
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	175	75	100
Italian	80	35	50	1,200	570	625
Kosovar	0	0	0	20	15	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	10	0	0	40	15	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	325	145	180
Serbian	0	0	0	85	45	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	20	10	10	515	245	265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins	10	0	10	430	205	225
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	10	215	105	110
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	205	100	110
Caribbean origins	20	15	10	325	145	180
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Jamaican	15	10	10	155	65	95
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	30	15	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	0	420	215	205
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Chilean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Colombian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	25	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mexican	10	10	0	100	40	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	15	0	10	980	480	495
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	180	85	90
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	0	0	0	205	105	100
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Libyan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	25	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	115	55	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
South African	0	0	0	40	20	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	515	240	270
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	40	20	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	480	225	255
Asian origins	30	10	20	6,485	3,270	3,215
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	1,625	920	705
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	155	100	50
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	295	160	130
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	55	45	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	715	410	300
Palestinian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	245	115	135
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	35	25	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	15	15
South Asian origins	0	0	10	975	490	485
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	135	50	85
East Indian	0	0	0	615	330	285
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	185	75	110
Pakistani	0	0	0	75	45	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	30	10	20	3,920	1,870	2,045
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	10	0	0	2,735	1,340	1,400
Filipino	25	15	15	725	330	395
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	220	100	120
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	10	40	20	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	45	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	90	35	55
Australian	0	0	0	50	20	30
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	15	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,040	...	...	59,470	...	...
Owner	645	...	...	41,780	...	...
Renter	395	...	...	17,575	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	1,030	...	...	58,175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,040	...	...	59,470	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	135	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	5,245	...	...
2 bedrooms	285	...	...	15,700	...	...
3 bedrooms	375	...	...	23,550	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	245	...	...	14,845	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	280	...	...	12,800	...	...
5 rooms	145	...	...	10,105	...	...
6 rooms	160	...	...	9,255	...	...
7 rooms	140	...	...	8,590	...	...
8 or more rooms	315	...	...	18,730	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,040	...	...	59,475	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,045	...	...	59,165	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
Suitable	1,020	...	...	58,035	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,040	...	...	59,470	...	...
1960 or before	330	...	...	14,895	...	...
1961 to 1980	240	...	...	16,265	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	8,080	...	...
1991 to 2000	105	...	...	7,580	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	4,160	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...	4,555	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	3,930	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	950	...	...	54,925	...	...
Major repairs needed	95	...	...	4,545	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,040	...	...	59,475	...	...
1 household maintainer	645	...	...	34,035	...	...
2 household maintainers	390	...	...	24,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,045	...	...	59,470	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	1,855	...	...
25 to 34 years	105	...	...	7,100	...	...
35 to 44 years	115	...	...	9,010	...	...
45 to 54 years	240	...	...	11,755	...	...
55 to 64 years	170	...	...	12,710	...	...
65 to 74 years	235	...	...	10,200	...	...
75 to 84 years	115	...	...	5,160	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,040	...	...	58,240	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	800	...	...	47,395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	240	...	...	10,850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	230	...	...	9,590	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	645	...	...	40,830	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.4	...	...	56.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	720	...	...	805	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	932	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,616	...	...	170,651	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	183,773	...	...	197,966	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	17,540	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.9	...	...	14.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.6	...	...	36.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	678	...	...	793	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	782	...	...	818	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,360	60,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	390	200	190	22,425	12,550	9,875
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	400	195	205	31,815	16,050	15,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,145	470	675	62,815	27,760	35,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	115	60	9,480	6,690	2,790
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	70	55	5,235	3,280	1,955
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	45	10	4,245	3,410	835
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	555	180	380	27,860	10,700	17,160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30	3,070	1,055	2,010
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	365	160	205	22,410	9,320	13,090
Bachelor's degree	245	105	140	15,435	6,335	9,100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	15	15	1,285	535	750
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	620	340	275
Master's degree	80	35	45	4,370	1,710	2,665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	705	400	300
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,095	485	605	74,315	35,620	38,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	80	45	8,950	5,545	3,405
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	230	115	115	18,670	9,735	8,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	740	290	445	46,695	20,340	26,360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	50	40	6,255	4,445	1,810
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	35	35	3,525	2,210	1,315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	25	0	2,735	2,235	495
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	375	120	260	20,975	8,235	12,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	1,855	720	1,135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	260	115	145	17,605	6,930	10,675
Bachelor's degree	170	80	90	12,070	4,760	7,310
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15	950	375	575
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	515	255	260
Master's degree	55	20	40	3,530	1,260	2,275
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	545	285	260
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,930	860	1,070	117,050	56,360	60,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	790	390	395	54,240	28,605	25,635
Education	105	40	65	5,075	1,270	3,805
13. Education	105	40	65	5,075	1,270	3,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,375	670	705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	195	140	60
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,175	530	645
Humanities	50	15	30	2,910	1,240	1,665
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	110	20	90
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	725	215	505
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	720	210	510
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	200	135	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	370	220	155
54. History	10	10	0	625	395	230
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	140	40	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	30	85	5,240	1,535	3,700
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	20	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	410	135	270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	55	1,215	90	1,130
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	895	260	635
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	95	20	75
42. Psychology	20	10	10	1,240	315	930
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	1,325	700	625
Business, management and public administration	305	85	220	15,445	4,425	11,020
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	10	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	1,350	240	1,110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	290	75	215	14,050	4,180	9,870
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	10	2,450	1,070	1,380
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	1,185	445	735
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	690	275	415
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	45	0	40
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	450	320	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	80	20	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	10	2,010	1,250	760
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	1,700	1,110	595
25. Library science	10	10	10	105	25	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	175	95	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	180	170	10	11,875	11,145	735
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	290	185	105
14. Engineering	10	15	0	1,170	1,005	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	50	0	2,045	1,795	250
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	40	0	3,960	3,900	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	2,890	2,800	85
48. Precision production	15	15	0	1,510	1,460	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	1,705	1,180	525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	1,210	850	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	500	335	165
Health and related fields	215	35	180	10,435	1,620	8,820
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	690	370	320
51. Health professions and related programs	210	35	175	9,615	1,165	8,445
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	140	85	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	50	40	4,290	2,355	1,935
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	35	2,375	605	1,770
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	55	55	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	685	595	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	40	0	1,160	1,085	70
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,090	485	605	74,315	35,620	38,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	355	200	155	27,615	15,280	12,335
Education	65	30	40	3,400	800	2,595
13. Education	65	25	35	3,395	800	2,595
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,035	510	520
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	120	90	30
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	910	425	490
Humanities	20	10	15	2,045	820	1,225
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	95	10	80
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	560	165	395
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	460	140	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	150	100	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	140	130
54. History	10	10	0	390	230	160
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	30	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	15	65	4,260	1,190	3,075
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	20	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	340	105	235
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	990	75	915
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	765	185	585
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	10	60
42. Psychology	25	10	15	970	240	725
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,075	550	525
Business, management and public administration	175	50	130	11,760	3,395	8,360
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	40	10	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	1,140	190	955
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	40	120	10,575	3,200	7,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	1,795	740	1,055
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	950	340	605
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	450	175	275
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	0	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	315	205	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	15	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	1,725	1,075	655
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	1,515	975	535
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	130	60	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	110	105	0	8,580	7,965	615
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	230	135	90
14. Engineering	10	0	0	875	730	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	30	0	1,655	1,425	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	2,690	2,645	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	2,070	1,995	80
48. Precision production	10	10	0	1,060	1,035	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	15	1,290	850	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	885	585	300
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	405	270	130
Health and related fields	165	30	130	7,525	1,225	6,300
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	465	240	230
51. Health professions and related programs	160	25	130	6,950	915	6,035
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	70	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	30	40	3,285	1,765	1,520
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	30	1,845	470	1,380
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	555	470	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	860	795	65
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,930	860	1,070	117,050	56,360	60,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	790	395	400	54,240	28,600	25,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,140	470	675	62,815	27,760	35,050
Location of study inside Canada	1,095	450	650	57,805	25,305	32,500
Same as province or territory of residence	865	340	530	38,620	16,610	22,020
Different than province or territory of residence	230	105	125	19,180	8,700	10,480
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	45	20	20	5,010	2,455	2,555
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	15	1,310	660	650
Philippines	0	0	0	380	140	235
India	10	0	0	165	75	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	685	390	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	935	425	510
France	0	0	0	45	25	25
Other	10	0	0	1,495	735	760
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,090	485	600	74,315	35,620	38,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	355	195	155	27,615	15,280	12,335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	735	290	450	46,700	20,340	26,360
Location of study inside Canada	710	275	440	42,710	18,455	24,255
Same as province or territory of residence	540	195	345	28,705	12,445	16,265
Different than province or territory of residence	170	80	90	14,000	6,010	7,990
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	20	15	3,990	1,885	2,100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	845	390	455
Philippines	10	0	0	365	145	225
India	10	0	0	140	65	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	445	260	185
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	890	410	485
France	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other	10	0	0	1,260	600	660
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,930	860	1,070	117,055	56,360	60,690
In the labour force	1,085	520	560	77,680	39,515	38,165
Employed	980	465	515	68,115	34,200	33,915
Unemployed	100	55	45	9,560	5,320	4,245
Not in the labour force	845	340	510	39,375	16,850	22,530
Participation rate	56.2	60.5	52.3	66.4	70.1	62.9
Employment rate	50.8	54.1	48.1	58.2	60.7	55.9
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.6	8.0	12.3	13.5	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,930	860	1,070	117,050	56,365	60,690
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	760	285	475	33,700	14,130	19,570
Worked	1,170	575	595	83,350	42,235	41,120
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	555	270	285	39,085	20,435	18,650
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	615	300	310	44,270	21,800	22,470
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	39.5	43.1	39.7	39.4	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,080	520	565	77,680	39,515	38,165
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	1,035	470	560
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,055	510	545	76,645	39,045	37,605
Employee	970	465	510	68,230	33,430	34,800
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	85	45	40	8,420	5,615	2,805
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,080	525	560	77,680	39,510	38,165
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	10	15	1,035	470	560
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,055	510	545	76,650	39,045	37,605
0 Management occupations	110	60	50	7,915	4,720	3,195
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	155	30	115	10,690	2,815	7,875
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	45	0	3,945	2,945	1,000
3 Health occupations	120	25	95	5,755	965	4,790
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	65	90	8,540	2,615	5,920
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	1,540	625	915
6 Sales and service occupations	225	85	140	17,735	6,860	10,870
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	140	125	15	11,055	10,395	660
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	20	10	6,010	4,925	1,080
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	45	15	3,465	2,170	1,290
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,085	520	560	77,680	39,515	38,165
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	15	15	1,030	470	560
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,055	510	545	76,650	39,040	37,605
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	35	15	7,145	5,745	1,405
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	400	390	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	280	240	45
23 Construction	60	50	10	5,445	4,910	535
31-33 Manufacturing	85	45	35	6,230	4,275	1,955
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	10	1,610	1,220	390
44-45 Retail trade	175	85	90	8,950	3,910	5,040
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	35	10	2,425	1,920	500
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	900	505	395
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	1,940	735	1,205
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	930	565	360
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	25	20	3,690	1,940	1,755
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	60	30	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	25	20	2,660	1,510	1,155
61 Educational services	65	30	35	5,405	1,650	3,755
62 Health care and social assistance	220	35	185	9,090	1,475	7,615
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10	1,680	820	860
72 Accommodation and food services	45	10	40	5,940	2,030	3,910
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	25	0	3,135	1,460	1,675
91 Public administration	100	65	35	8,745	3,725	5,015
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	980	465	515	68,120	34,195	33,915
Worked at home	80	40	40	4,740	2,690	2,050
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	315	200	115
No fixed workplace address	80	60	20	7,930	6,190	1,740
Worked at usual place	825	370	450	55,135	25,120	30,015
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	825	370	450	55,135	25,115	30,020
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	215	70	145	20,835	9,490	11,345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	525	245	280	27,935	12,410	15,525
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	45	25	5,090	2,420	2,670
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	1,275	795	475
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	905	430	480	63,065	31,305	31,755
Car, truck, van - as a driver	760	365	395	53,200	26,790	26,410
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	20	15	4,735	1,915	2,815
Public transit	10	0	10	815	395	420
Walked	95	35	60	3,375	1,580	1,795
Bicycle	0	10	0	300	215	85
Other method	0	0	0	635	405	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	905	430	475	63,065	31,310	31,755
Less than 15 minutes	410	180	235	29,110	14,165	14,950
15 to 29 minutes	385	185	195	21,810	10,555	11,255
30 to 44 minutes	65	25	35	7,165	3,735	3,425
45 to 59 minutes	20	15	10	2,880	1,620	1,260
60 minutes and over	30	25	0	2,095	1,225	865
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	905	425	475	63,060	31,305	31,755
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	20	15	3,535	2,170	1,370
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	200	120	80	10,985	6,230	4,755
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	290	155	135	21,740	10,850	10,885
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	195	50	150	12,615	4,975	7,640
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	0	30	4,670	1,875	2,800
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	145	80	70	9,520	5,210	4,310
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,185	585	605	85,275	43,120	42,155
Single responses	1,185	585	600	84,725	42,880	41,845
Official languages	1,185	580	605	84,240	42,590	41,645
English	1,180	580	600	83,170	42,275	40,895
French	0	0	0	1,065	315	755
Non-official languages	0	0	0	485	290	195
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	485	290	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	15	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	370	225	150
Chinese languages	0	0	0	375	225	145
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	310	180	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	550	240	310
English and French	0	0	0	380	145	235
English and non-official language	0	0	0	160	85	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,190	585	605	85,275	43,120	42,155
None	1,165	575	585	81,375	41,530	39,845
English	10	0	0	845	315	525
French	25	0	15	2,445	945	1,495
Non-official language	0	0	0	600	330	265
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	585	335	255
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,215	1,025	1,190	138,370	67,215	71,155
Non-movers	1,950	905	1,045	120,645	58,620	62,025
Movers	265	115	145	17,725	8,590	9,135
Non-migrants	75	40	35	8,400	4,080	4,315
Migrants	190	75	120	9,330	4,510	4,815
Internal migrants	185	75	110	7,975	3,825	4,155
Intraprovincial migrants	145	55	85	4,705	2,165	2,535
Interprovincial migrants	45	15	25	3,270	1,655	1,620
External migrants	0	0	10	1,355	690	665
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,130	980	1,150	132,700	64,185	68,515
Non-movers	1,250	610	635	87,825	42,635	45,190
Movers	880	365	515	44,875	21,550	23,325
Non-migrants	325	140	185	20,225	9,670	10,555
Migrants	560	230	335	24,650	11,880	12,770
Internal migrants	540	215	325	20,530	9,745	10,785
Intraprovincial migrants	440	180	265	12,225	5,670	6,555
Interprovincial migrants	95	35	60	8,305	4,075	4,230
External migrants	20	15	10	4,115	2,135	1,985

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Berwick, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island [Province]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island [Province]

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Berwick, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island [Province]