Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hants, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]			Zone 7 (Miramichi area) New Brunswick [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Map : Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Map : Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,558	...	...	43,561	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	42,304	...	...	44,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.6	...	...	-2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	19,202	...	...	20,726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	17,439	...	...	18,665	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,051.93	...	...	9,829.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,555	20,875	21,685	43,560	21,315	22,245
0 to 14 years	7,160	3,705	3,455	5,850	2,995	2,850
0 to 4 years	2,240	1,170	1,070	1,745	875	870
5 to 9 years	2,470	1,315	1,160	2,005	1,025	980
10 to 14 years	2,450	1,220	1,230	2,095	1,095	1,000
15 to 64 years	27,860	13,645	14,215	27,960	13,705	14,260
15 to 19 years	2,555	1,340	1,215	2,455	1,245	1,205
20 to 24 years	2,015	1,025	990	2,095	1,110	985
25 to 29 years	2,045	1,015	1,030	1,865	945	920
30 to 34 years	2,210	1,055	1,155	1,965	925	1,035
35 to 39 years	2,555	1,190	1,360	2,310	1,130	1,180
40 to 44 years	2,870	1,355	1,520	2,895	1,410	1,485
45 to 49 years	3,150	1,525	1,620	3,125	1,545	1,575
50 to 54 years	3,640	1,805	1,835	3,630	1,735	1,895
55 to 59 years	3,555	1,720	1,840	3,805	1,855	1,945
60 to 64 years	3,265	1,620	1,650	3,825	1,805	2,020
65 years and over	7,535	3,525	4,015	9,755	4,615	5,140
65 to 69 years	2,745	1,370	1,375	3,440	1,720	1,715
70 to 74 years	1,850	905	945	2,305	1,200	1,100
75 to 79 years	1,320	630	685	1,745	805	940
80 to 84 years	845	355	490	1,175	525	650
85 years and over	775	260	515	1,090	355	730
85 to 89 years	495	185	310	690	255	435
90 to 94 years	210	55	150	310	80	225
95 to 99 years	55	15	45	85	20	65
100 years and over	10	5	10	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.7	15.9	13.4	14.1	12.8
15 to 64 years	65.5	65.4	65.6	64.2	64.3	64.1
65 years and over	17.7	16.9	18.5	22.4	21.7	23.1
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.4	2.5	1.7	3.3
Average age of the population	42.3	41.4	43.1	45.6	44.8	46.4
Median age of the population	44.8	44.1	45.4	48.9	48.0	49.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
Single-detached house	14,300	...	...	15,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,260	...	...	2,340	...	...
Semi-detached house	510	...	...	480	...	...
Row house	190	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	245	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,280	...	...	1,470	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	875	...	...	1,150	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
1 person	4,215	...	...	5,130	...	...
2 persons	6,965	...	...	7,475	...	...
3 persons	2,795	...	...	2,965	...	...
4 persons	2,390	...	...	2,125	...	...
5 or more persons	1,080	...	...	970	...	...
Number of persons in private households	42,055	...	...	42,700	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	35,400	17,170	18,230	37,715	18,320	19,395
Married or living common law	22,330	11,135	11,195	21,980	10,985	10,995
Married	17,925	8,940	8,985	18,275	9,145	9,135
Living common law	4,400	2,195	2,210	3,700	1,845	1,855
Not married and not living common law	13,070	6,035	7,035	15,735	7,330	8,405
Never married	7,885	4,235	3,650	9,615	5,290	4,325
Separated	1,025	460	565	1,245	545	695
Divorced	1,995	865	1,130	1,900	870	1,030
Widowed	2,165	475	1,690	2,975	620	2,350
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,130	...	...	13,370	...	...
2 persons	7,405	...	...	7,895	...	...
3 persons	2,740	...	...	2,900	...	...
4 persons	2,210	...	...	1,935	...	...
5 or more persons	775	...	...	645	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,130	...	...	13,370	...	...
Total couple families	11,055	...	...	10,825	...	...
Married couples	8,855	...	...	8,975	...	...
Common-law couples	2,205	...	...	1,850	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,075	...	...	2,545	...	...
Female parent	1,655	...	...	2,050	...	...
Male parent	420	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,055	...	...	10,830	...	...
Couples without children	6,115	...	...	6,260	...	...
Couples with children	4,945	...	...	4,570	...	...
1 child	2,175	...	...	2,220	...	...
2 children	2,040	...	...	1,760	...	...
3 or more children	730	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,075	...	...	2,545	...	...
1 child	1,290	...	...	1,635	...	...
2 children	565	...	...	680	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,945	2,820	3,125	7,115	3,320	3,795
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
One-census-family households	12,460	...	...	12,675	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,840	...	...	6,010	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,615	...	...	6,665	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	330	...	...	345	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,645	...	...	5,645	...	...
One-person households	4,210	...	...	5,130	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	435	...	...	515	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	42,230	20,755	21,480	42,895	20,960	21,935
English only	39,665	19,680	19,990	27,735	13,775	13,960
French only	5	0	0	2,915	1,395	1,515
English and French	2,480	1,040	1,445	12,220	5,775	6,440
Neither English nor French	75	35	45	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	42,230	20,755	21,475	42,895	20,960	21,935
English	41,660	20,465	21,190	31,095	15,125	15,965
French	480	240	240	11,635	5,745	5,885
English and French	20	10	10	145	70	75
Neither English nor French	70	30	40	20	15	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	490	245	245	11,710	5,780	5,925
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.1	27.3	27.6	27.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	42,230	20,755	21,480	42,895	20,960	21,935
Single responses	42,060	20,670	21,390	42,400	20,720	21,685
Official languages	41,080	20,210	20,865	41,430	20,255	21,175
English	40,550	19,950	20,605	29,765	14,505	15,260
French	530	265	265	11,660	5,750	5,915
Non-official languages	980	460	520	975	465	510
Aboriginal languages	65	30	40	515	250	270
Algonquian languages	65	25	40	510	245	265
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	60	25	40	510	245	265
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mi'kmaq	65	25	40	510	245	265
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	915	430	480	460	215	240
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	30	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	35	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	35	30	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	25	40	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	670	330	345	280	125	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	35	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	30	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10	15	5	10
Russian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	520	250	270	135	60	75
Afrikaans	5	0	0	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	95	50	45	25	15	15
Frisian	0	5	5	5	5	0
German	410	200	215	70	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	5	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	45	45	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	20	15	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	45	15	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	10	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	5	15	20	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	35	15	20
Chinese languages	40	20	20	30	15	15
Cantonese	5	5	5	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	15	10	5
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	170	85	90	490	245	245
English and French	80	35	45	430	210	220
English and non-official language	80	45	35	55	30	25
French and non-official language	10	0	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	42,230	20,750	21,475	42,895	20,960	21,935
Single responses	42,055	20,665	21,390	42,385	20,715	21,665
Official languages	41,540	20,415	21,120	42,040	20,545	21,500
English	41,425	20,365	21,050	32,025	15,570	16,460
French	115	45	65	10,015	4,980	5,040
Non-official languages	520	250	265	340	170	170
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	160	70	85
Algonquian languages	15	10	5	155	70	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	10	5	155	75	80
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	5	155	75	80
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	500	235	265	190	100	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	25	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	10	20	25	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	15	10	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	385	190	195	105	55	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	330	160	170	45	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	5	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	145	150	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	20	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Spanish	20	10	10	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	20	10	5
Chinese languages	20	5	10	15	10	10
Cantonese	5	0	0	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	85	90	510	240	265
English and French	40	15	25	410	190	215
English and non-official language	130	65	65	85	45	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	42,230	20,750	21,480	42,895	20,960	21,935
None	41,290	20,335	20,955	38,160	18,735	19,420
English	200	95	105	2,600	1,250	1,350
French	375	150	220	1,625	720	905
Non-official language	355	160	195	505	255	255
Aboriginal	80	35	45	340	170	170
Non-Aboriginal	275	125	150	165	80	80
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	34,915	16,970	17,940	36,865	17,890	18,975
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,285	16,215	17,070	35,330	17,180	18,145
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,670	41,643	25,757	28,569	34,173	23,687
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,290	16,215	17,080	35,335	17,180	18,150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,327	36,032	23,783	26,190	30,825	22,367
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,985	14,670	14,320	29,170	14,835	14,335
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,177	39,946	24,024	23,696	27,812	20,533
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,150	10,395	13,755	28,650	13,345	15,300
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,214	8,359	6,482	10,505	12,493	8,811
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,965	12,420	11,545	23,790	12,320	11,465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,473	40,715	25,927	23,759	26,991	21,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	34,910	16,975	17,940	36,990	18,015	18,970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,230	16,185	17,045	35,425	17,280	18,140
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,293	48,795	32,221	35,710	42,150	29,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,240	16,185	17,060	35,435	17,280	18,155
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,416	39,532	27,615	30,618	35,376	26,089
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,875	14,600	14,280	29,285	14,860	14,425
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,303	47,742	30,676	32,910	38,515	27,135
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,210	10,400	13,810	28,720	13,335	15,380
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,428	8,921	8,057	10,488	11,702	9,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,965	12,500	11,460	23,900	12,350	11,550
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,131	46,750	30,821	32,903	37,473	28,017
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	34,910	16,975	17,935	36,985	18,015	18,970
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	12,035	6,690	5,350	8,880	4,250	4,630
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,952	56,490	40,655	45,317	49,851	40,916
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,534	62,240	44,899	50,059	56,004	44,601
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.6	88.0	79.7	76.1	78.4	73.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.2	73.4	65.6	62.3	63.9	60.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.4	12.0	20.3	23.9	21.6	27.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	34,910	16,975	17,935	36,860	17,890	18,975
Without total income	1,630	760	875	1,535	705	830
With total income	33,280	16,215	17,065	35,330	17,180	18,145
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.5	95.1	95.8	96.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,710	1,790	2,920	4,890	1,850	3,045
$10,000 to $19,999	5,715	1,960	3,755	7,275	2,700	4,580
$20,000 to $29,999	5,005	2,010	2,995	6,395	2,745	3,650
$30,000 to $39,999	4,390	2,000	2,390	5,265	2,805	2,460
$40,000 to $49,999	3,810	1,950	1,855	3,545	2,105	1,435
$50,000 to $59,999	2,830	1,705	1,120	2,600	1,515	1,085
$60,000 to $69,999	2,020	1,370	650	1,640	1,010	630
$70,000 to $79,999	1,490	980	510	1,220	705	510
$80,000 to $89,999	1,190	795	395	970	570	405
$90,000 to $99,999	650	475	180	450	290	155
$100,000 and over	1,475	1,170	305	1,080	880	200
$100,000 to $149,999	1,130	895	240	770	605	160
$150,000 and over	345	280	65	315	275	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,910	16,975	17,940	36,865	17,885	18,975
Without after-tax income	1,620	760	860	1,530	705	825
With after-tax income	33,290	16,215	17,080	35,335	17,180	18,150
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	95.5	95.2	95.8	96.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,890	1,825	3,070	4,995	1,870	3,120
$10,000 to $19,999	6,105	2,120	3,985	7,760	2,885	4,875
$20,000 to $29,999	6,040	2,520	3,530	7,730	3,550	4,180
$30,000 to $39,999	5,605	2,760	2,840	5,650	3,220	2,430
$40,000 to $49,999	4,085	2,410	1,675	3,820	2,225	1,595
$50,000 to $59,999	2,720	1,835	890	2,185	1,325	860
$60,000 to $69,999	1,720	1,120	600	1,560	890	675
$70,000 to $79,999	960	715	245	655	430	230
$80,000 and over	1,170	915	255	980	795	185
$80,000 to $89,999	445	345	100	360	275	90
$90,000 to $99,999	250	195	55	195	150	35
$100,000 and over	470	375	95	430	370	60
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	34,915	16,975	17,935	36,865	17,890	18,980
Without employment income	10,950	4,560	6,390	13,075	5,570	7,510
With employment income	23,960	12,415	11,545	23,785	12,315	11,465
Percentage with employment income	68.6	73.1	64.4	64.5	68.8	60.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,260	1,570	1,690	2,885	1,380	1,505
$5,000 to $9,999	1,845	740	1,105	2,620	1,115	1,510
$10,000 to $19,999	3,210	1,290	1,920	4,840	2,430	2,410
$20,000 to $29,999	2,965	1,225	1,735	3,590	1,695	1,895
$30,000 to $39,999	2,885	1,295	1,595	2,505	1,325	1,185
$40,000 to $49,999	2,510	1,300	1,205	1,910	1,040	870
$50,000 to $59,999	2,025	1,255	775	1,570	885	680
$60,000 to $69,999	1,465	1,000	465	1,080	635	445
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	790	420	945	500	440
$80,000 and over	2,585	1,955	635	1,845	1,315	530
$80,000 to $89,999	980	655	325	735	415	315
$90,000 to $99,999	500	385	115	325	215	110
$100,000 and over	1,110	915	195	785	685	105
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,028	...	...	55,573	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,174	...	...	50,073	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,210	...	...	5,125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,868	...	...	26,025	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,068	...	...	24,453	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,225	...	...	13,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,867	...	...	69,210	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,265	...	...	61,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	17,435	...	...	18,715	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,779	...	...	67,596	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,700	...	...	57,972	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,215	...	...	5,150	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,850	...	...	33,576	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,654	...	...	29,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,225	...	...	13,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,873	...	...	80,519	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,599	...	...	68,916	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
Under $5,000	260	...	...	200	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	430	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	425	...	...	395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	785	...	...	1,270	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	985	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	690	...	...	1,145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	850	...	...	1,130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	825	...	...	985	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	800	...	...	910	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	795	...	...	885	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,510	...	...	1,765	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,355	...	...	1,510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,295	...	...	1,335	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,145	...	...	1,100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,010	...	...	940	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,605	...	...	3,690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,970	...	...	1,590	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,210	...	...	910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	965	...	...	825	...	...
$200,000 and over	465	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,440	...	...	18,665	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	210	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	440	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	400	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	1,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	910	...	...	1,120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	840	...	...	1,255	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,000	...	...	1,250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,040	...	...	1,100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	965	...	...	1,120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,015	...	...	1,110	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,810	...	...	2,015	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,660	...	...	1,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,490	...	...	1,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	...	...	1,135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	975	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,735	...	...	2,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,570	...	...	1,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	640	...	...	555	...	...
$150,000 and over	525	...	...	465	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,910	...	...	13,220	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,528	...	...	68,676	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,938	...	...	61,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,690	...	...	5,865	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,560	...	...	62,382	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,461	...	...	55,474	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,040	...	...	4,680	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,073	...	...	95,542	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,008	...	...	82,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,875	...	...	2,285	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,024	...	...	42,734	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,064	...	...	40,672	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,890	...	...	13,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,517	...	...	80,101	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,272	...	...	68,531	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,695	...	...	5,865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,963	...	...	71,208	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,580	...	...	60,976	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,030	...	...	4,725	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,182	...	...	105,996	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,408	...	...	89,189	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,880	...	...	2,290	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,065	...	...	49,259	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,535	...	...	44,913	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,205	2,540	2,665	6,145	2,875	3,275
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,403	34,745	25,502	25,540	29,496	23,104
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,555	30,101	24,064	24,049	26,888	22,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,210	2,590	2,625	6,210	2,920	3,285
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,934	41,308	34,609	33,138	37,017	29,692
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,885	33,771	30,026	28,773	31,500	26,349
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	42,055	20,660	21,385	42,700	20,875	21,825
In the bottom half of the distribution	24,165	11,505	12,660	26,805	12,790	14,015
In the bottom decile	4,285	1,935	2,350	4,645	2,070	2,575
In the second decile	5,050	2,250	2,800	6,325	2,815	3,515
In the third decile	4,890	2,350	2,545	5,425	2,655	2,770
In the fourth decile	4,980	2,465	2,520	5,295	2,660	2,635
In the fifth decile	4,960	2,500	2,455	5,115	2,590	2,530
In the top half of the distribution	17,890	9,165	8,725	15,900	8,090	7,805
In the sixth decile	4,860	2,485	2,370	4,500	2,250	2,250
In the seventh decile	4,605	2,350	2,255	4,090	2,070	2,015
In the eighth decile	3,915	2,045	1,880	3,350	1,705	1,645
In the ninth decile	2,905	1,485	1,420	2,540	1,305	1,235
In the top decile	1,605	810	795	1,415	755	660
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	40,960	20,170	20,795	40,620	19,860	20,765
0 to 17 years	8,285	4,300	3,985	6,735	3,435	3,300
0 to 5 years	2,595	1,355	1,245	1,925	960	965
18 to 64 years	25,515	12,470	13,050	24,700	12,010	12,690
65 years and over	7,155	3,395	3,765	9,180	4,405	4,775
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,345	2,840	3,510	7,175	3,115	4,055
0 to 17 years	1,720	870	845	1,525	780	745
0 to 5 years	610	300	305	575	280	295
18 to 64 years	3,305	1,465	1,840	3,500	1,480	2,025
65 years and over	1,325	500	825	2,145	855	1,290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.1	16.9	17.7	15.7	19.5
0 to 17 years (%)	20.8	20.2	21.2	22.6	22.7	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	23.5	22.1	24.5	29.9	29.2	30.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	11.7	14.1	14.2	12.3	16.0
65 years and over (%)	18.5	14.7	21.9	23.4	19.4	27.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,150	995	1,155	2,035	940	1,100
0 to 17 years	585	280	305	460	240	220
0 to 5 years	210	90	120	170	85	85
18 to 64 years	1,475	680	795	1,465	655	810
65 years and over	90	30	55	110	40	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	4.9	5.6	5.0	4.7	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	6.5	7.7	6.8	7.0	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.1	6.6	9.6	8.8	8.9	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.5	6.1	5.9	5.5	6.4
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	42,050	20,665	21,385	42,885	21,035	21,855
Official languages	41,955	20,605	21,350	42,875	21,025	21,855
English	41,955	20,600	21,350	39,870	19,530	20,335
French	2,455	995	1,465	15,150	7,285	7,870
Non-official languages	1,500	720	785	1,400	665	735
Aboriginal languages	195	100	90	705	340	365
Algonquian languages	185	95	90	700	340	360
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	190	95	95	700	345	355
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	185	95	95	700	340	355
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,315	615	695	700	330	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	50	55	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	55	20	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	45	55	15	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	75	30	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	75	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,015	480	535	510	225	285
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	25	55	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	55	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	25	15	20	0	15
Russian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	15	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	15	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695	305	390	245	120	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	120	55	65	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	555	245	310	190	105	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	75	30	45	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	130	130	170	80	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	40	25	10	0	10
Portuguese	40	25	10	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	180	80	100	155	70	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	30	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	60	35	25	20	15	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	40	15	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	40	30	10
Chinese languages	25	20	10	40	25	10
Cantonese	15	10	10	20	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	20	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	42,055	20,660	21,385	42,885	21,030	21,850
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	41,410	20,335	21,075	42,575	20,890	21,685
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,665	4,460	4,205	7,430	3,810	3,620
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,745	15,870	16,875	35,145	17,075	18,065
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	645	330	310	310	145	175
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	42,050	20,665	21,385	42,890	21,035	21,855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	40,445	19,870	20,575	42,030	20,635	21,395
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,470	730	745	790	365	425
Before 1981	675	345	335	385	175	205
1981 to 1990	190	60	130	95	50	40
1991 to 2000	215	80	135	85	45	35
2001 to 2010	250	145	105	115	50	65
2001 to 2005	85	40	45	45	20	25
2006 to 2010	160	100	65	70	35	40
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	140	100	45	110	40	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	140	70	65	65	35	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,470	725	740	790	365	425
Under 5 years	310	165	145	135	60	75
5 to 14 years	260	110	150	160	70	95
15 to 24 years	350	155	200	90	40	55
25 to 44 years	440	235	195	270	150	125
45 years and over	110	55	55	125	50	75
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,470	725	745	790	365	425
Americas	450	210	240	215	110	110
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	15	10	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	255	140	120	180	85	95
Other places of birth in Americas	165	55	105	10	0	10
Europe	845	445	400	370	155	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	40	25	20	25	0	20
Germany	50	15	35	90	45	45
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	15	15	10	0
Italy	20	15	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	100	60	35	20	0	25
Poland	30	10	15	15	0	10
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	515	280	230	160	65	90
Other places of birth in Europe	65	20	45	25	10	20
Africa	10	10	0	50	35	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	140	45	100	140	55	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	15	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	10	30	0	0	10
Lebanon	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20	55	20	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	20	30	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	10	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	145	95	50	115	40	75
Americas	50	35	15	40	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	20	10	35	15	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	75	50	25	25	0	15
France	0	10	0	15	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	50	25	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	15	0	10	50	10	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	45	10	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	42,050	20,660	21,385	42,885	21,035	21,855
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,805	895	910	1,015	465	555
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,610	1,310	1,300	1,470	675	795
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	37,640	18,465	19,175	40,405	19,895	20,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	810	380	430	410	195	215
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	400	185	220	170	85	90
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	140	95	45	75	60	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	265	90	175	95	15	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	365	180	185	185	95	90
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	35	20	15	40	15	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	42,055	20,665	21,390	42,885	21,035	21,855
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,545	1,150	1,395	3,625	1,890	1,740
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,430	1,095	1,335	3,535	1,845	1,695
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,795	825	965	2,605	1,300	1,310
Métis	610	265	345	890	515	370
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	25	40	25	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	85	45	40	60	30	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	15	20	30	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	39,505	19,510	19,990	39,260	19,145	20,120
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	42,050	20,665	21,390	42,890	21,030	21,855
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,535	700	835	2,470	1,250	1,220
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,510	19,965	20,550	40,415	19,780	20,635
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	42,050	20,665	21,390	42,885	21,030	21,855
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,135	510	620	2,080	1,045	1,040
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,120	505	615	2,045	1,015	1,030
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,040	480	560	1,960	975	985
Métis single ancestry	60	15	40	70	35	35
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	15	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,330	1,015	1,315	2,490	1,265	1,225
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,225	975	1,245	2,335	1,185	1,155
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,650	735	920	1,625	830	795
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	515	235	280	675	325	350
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	10	45	30	30	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	110	35	70	155	85	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	30	50	145	85	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	25	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	38,585	19,140	19,445	38,315	18,720	19,590
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	42,050	20,665	21,385	42,885	21,035	21,855
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,070	545	525	410	210	200
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	10	15	60	35	25
Chinese	40	25	15	70	40	25
Black	675	360	310	125	70	60
Filipino	60	20	35	55	15	40
Latin American	50	30	25	25	10	15
Arab	85	35	50	10	10	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	0	15	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	15	35	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	10	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	20	10	30	20	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,985	20,125	20,860	42,475	20,820	21,660
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	42,050	20,665	21,385	42,890	21,035	21,855
North American Aboriginal origins	3,465	1,530	1,940	4,570	2,310	2,260
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,810	1,255	1,555	3,760	1,915	1,845
Inuit	110	25	80	60	35	30
Métis	670	295	380	940	475	470
Other North American origins	22,020	10,790	11,230	23,515	11,425	12,090
Acadian	645	320	325	1,800	865	940
American	385	210	180	105	70	35
Canadian	21,295	10,440	10,850	22,415	10,885	11,530
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	90	60	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,960	13,190	13,770	26,095	12,815	13,280
British Isles origins	23,050	11,100	11,950	20,505	10,045	10,460
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	12,755	6,125	6,630	8,345	4,045	4,300
Irish	8,505	3,975	4,535	11,310	5,495	5,810
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	11,450	5,355	6,095	9,700	4,645	5,055
Welsh	755	395	360	430	230	195
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	825	415	410	360	185	180
French origins	4,600	2,085	2,515	10,605	5,160	5,445
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0	0	0
French	4,595	2,080	2,515	10,605	5,165	5,445
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,530	3,200	3,330	1,780	860	920
Austrian	35	15	15	25	10	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	110	65	45	50	25	25
Dutch	1,745	840	900	575	230	345
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,055	2,505	2,560	1,205	620	590
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	20	25	40	30	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	600	295	310	510	295	215
Danish	185	70	115	95	45	50
Finnish	40	40	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	205	85	120	285	185	100
Swedish	145	80	70	95	50	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	30	15	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	1,120	575	545	360	155	210
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	90	50	35	35	10	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	20	10	10	10	10
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	45	40	55	20	35
Latvian	20	15	10	10	10	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	355	180	170	75	40	35
Romanian	25	10	15	0	0	10
Russian	315	140	175	60	25	40
Slovak	20	15	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	335	150	185	135	50	90
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	765	390	375	575	255	325
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	30	20	0	15
Italian	455	260	190	265	110	150
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	15	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	140	75	65	175	100	75
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	35	85	95	35	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	210	110	100	35	15	25
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	10	30	10	20
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	80	80	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	170	90	80	105	55	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	0	10	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	0	15	25	15	15
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	55	35	20	30	20	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	120	40	80	55	30	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	35	10	20	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	30	10	25	15	15	0
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	15	10	0
African origins	495	285	215	120	70	45
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	15	0	20	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	475	270	205	85	50	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	55	35	20	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	415	235	185	75	45	30
Asian origins	500	260	235	380	175	205
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240	140	100	155	50	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	15	10	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	145	85	65	130	35	95
Palestinian	40	15	20	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	15	20	55	30	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	15	25	40	30	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	10	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	230	115	110	170	95	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	95	65	30	85	60	25
Filipino	60	20	35	65	20	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	40	30	10	10	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	30	10	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	15	45	15	25
Australian	20	10	10	40	15	30
New Zealander	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	17,435	...	...	18,715	...	...
Owner	13,945	...	...	14,840	...	...
Renter	3,210	...	...	3,400	...	...
Band housing	285	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	17,440	...	...	18,715	...	...
Condominium	195	...	...	210	...	...
Not condominium	17,240	...	...	18,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	17,435	...	...	18,715	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	1,210	...	...	1,305	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,045	...	...	4,830	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,895	...	...	8,200	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,265	...	...	4,370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	17,435	...	...	18,715	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,575	...	...	3,330	...	...
5 rooms	2,705	...	...	3,795	...	...
6 rooms	3,245	...	...	3,700	...	...
7 rooms	2,785	...	...	2,805	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,130	...	...	5,080	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	17,435	...	...	18,710	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,350	...	...	18,630	...	...
More than 1 person per room	85	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	17,440	...	...	18,715	...	...
Suitable	17,010	...	...	18,265	...	...
Not suitable	430	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	17,440	...	...	18,715	...	...
1960 or before	4,325	...	...	4,865	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,655	...	...	6,025	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,675	...	...	3,090	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,515	...	...	2,375	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,070	...	...	850	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,195	...	...	845	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,010	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	17,440	...	...	18,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	15,715	...	...	16,630	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,725	...	...	2,085	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	17,440	...	...	18,715	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,135	...	...	12,110	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,145	...	...	6,355	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	160	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	17,440	...	...	18,715	...	...
15 to 24 years	335	...	...	375	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,995	...	...	1,585	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,790	...	...	2,680	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,800	...	...	3,575	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,845	...	...	4,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,795	...	...	3,520	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,400	...	...	1,990	...	...
85 years and over	485	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	16,830	...	...	17,840	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,820	...	...	15,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,010	...	...	2,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,645	...	...	2,230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,690	...	...	14,560	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.4	...	...	48.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	9.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	933	...	...	574	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,000	...	...	723	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,092	...	...	109,633	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,666	...	...	132,839	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,160	...	...	3,295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.7	...	...	18.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.6	...	...	35.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	799	...	...	610	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	833	...	...	629	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,915	16,975	17,935	36,990	18,020	18,970
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,900	4,235	3,660	10,465	5,600	4,870
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,920	4,225	4,700	10,745	4,980	5,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,090	8,515	9,575	15,775	7,435	8,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,165	3,075	1,095	3,530	2,580	950
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,180	1,275	905	1,895	1,160	740
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,985	1,795	190	1,635	1,420	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,360	3,445	4,915	7,830	3,210	4,625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	280	530	555	205	345
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,760	1,720	3,030	3,860	1,445	2,420
Bachelor's degree	3,430	1,160	2,270	2,875	950	1,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	100	160	295	110	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	40	55	105	75	30
Master's degree	880	365	515	540	275	260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	90	55	35	55	30	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,190	11,250	11,940	23,140	11,240	11,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,375	2,005	1,365	4,605	2,755	1,855
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,750	2,730	3,030	6,970	3,305	3,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,060	6,515	7,545	11,565	5,180	6,385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,025	2,245	780	2,260	1,590	670
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,600	915	680	1,220	700	520
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,430	1,330	95	1,045	890	155
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,670	2,795	3,880	5,985	2,430	3,555
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	535	185	350	380	130	245
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,830	1,295	2,540	2,935	1,030	1,905
Bachelor's degree	2,830	925	1,905	2,230	715	1,510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	55	130	220	70	145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	35	50	80	50	35
Master's degree	680	250	425	385	185	200
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	25	25	25	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,910	16,970	17,935	36,990	18,020	18,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,820	8,455	8,360	21,215	10,580	10,635
Education	1,190	305	885	1,540	450	1,085
13. Education	1,190	300	885	1,545	455	1,085
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	375	215	165	215	130	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	80	15	55	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	285	135	150	155	85	70
Humanities	615	230	385	515	200	315
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	20	20	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	130	40	95	110	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	50	140	170	45	120
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	65	45	110	60	55
54. History	95	45	50	75	35	40
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	30	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,370	230	1,140	1,030	240	790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	40	50	40	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	425	15	410	380	20	365
22. Legal professions and studies	220	25	195	115	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	275	55	220	195	50	140
45. Social sciences	310	85	225	275	120	150
Business, management and public administration	3,855	895	2,960	3,025	640	2,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	260	55	210	420	60	360
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,565	830	2,735	2,595	580	2,015
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	190	225	250	150	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	70	125	115	55	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	35	45	65	30	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	115	80	35	35	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	30	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	530	295	240	275	150	125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	455	275	185	225	120	105
25. Library science	30	0	25	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	10	30	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,185	4,875	310	3,960	3,785	180
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	30	15	10	10
14. Engineering	380	300	80	180	160	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	975	865	105	555	455	100
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,355	1,325	25	1,115	1,090	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,745	1,700	50	1,260	1,250	10
48. Precision production	665	645	20	845	825	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	480	280	200	360	300	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	180	160	95	60	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	95	40	265	240	20
Health and related fields	2,640	265	2,380	2,740	390	2,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	35	95	90	35	55
51. Health professions and related programs	2,495	220	2,270	2,625	325	2,295
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	25	30	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,435	740	695	1,860	1,000	860
12. Personal and culinary services	775	175	600	865	190	680
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	25	30	10
43. Security and protective services	210	150	60	505	350	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	380	40	460	435	30
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,190	11,250	11,940	23,135	11,240	11,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,130	4,735	4,395	11,575	6,055	5,515
Education	785	170	615	1,015	285	730
13. Education	780	165	615	1,015	290	730
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	300	165	140	140	95	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	45	35	15
50. Visual and performing arts	225	100	125	95	65	35
Humanities	445	140	300	350	135	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	20	20	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	25	70	75	25	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	30	110	110	30	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	35	35	75	40	35
54. History	65	35	30	55	30	25
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	15	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,145	175	970	835	175	660
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	30	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	50	40	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	320	0	310	315	10	300
22. Legal professions and studies	205	15	190	100	15	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	10	0	15
42. Psychology	245	50	195	140	30	110
45. Social sciences	240	60	185	220	95	125
Business, management and public administration	3,010	700	2,315	2,425	525	1,905
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	15	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	45	180	340	40	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,765	650	2,115	2,080	485	1,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	305	130	175	175	95	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	55	105	80	30	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	40	10	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	50	35	20	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	15	30	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480	260	220	200	110	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	250	180	180	95	80
25. Library science	20	0	20	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	20	10	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,960	3,695	265	2,625	2,470	150
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	25	10	0	10
14. Engineering	290	220	70	130	115	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	780	685	95	455	370	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,015	990	25	710	695	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,365	1,330	35	765	750	10
48. Precision production	460	445	15	545	535	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	410	235	175	285	240	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	295	155	140	75	50	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	80	35	210	190	20
Health and related fields	2,040	210	1,825	2,075	300	1,775
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	20	80	65	25	40
51. Health professions and related programs	1,930	190	1,740	1,990	250	1,735
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	20	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,180	630	545	1,440	765	675
12. Personal and culinary services	620	150	470	645	100	545
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	160	115	45	385	275	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	340	35	405	380	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,910	16,970	17,935	36,990	18,020	18,975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,820	8,455	8,360	21,215	10,580	10,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,095	8,520	9,575	15,775	7,435	8,340
Location of study inside Canada	17,410	8,125	9,285	15,240	7,140	8,100
Same as province or territory of residence	14,415	6,545	7,870	12,765	5,880	6,885
Different than province or territory of residence	2,995	1,580	1,415	2,475	1,255	1,215
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	685	390	295	535	300	235
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	260	145	120	260	155	105
Philippines	25	10	15	30	10	25
India	10	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	210	120	95	45	35	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	10	10	0	15	10	10
Other	175	110	60	175	85	90
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,190	11,250	11,940	23,135	11,235	11,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,130	4,735	4,395	11,575	6,055	5,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,060	6,515	7,540	11,560	5,180	6,385
Location of study inside Canada	13,570	6,235	7,335	11,245	5,020	6,220
Same as province or territory of residence	11,155	5,000	6,155	9,430	4,140	5,290
Different than province or territory of residence	2,415	1,235	1,180	1,810	880	935
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	490	285	205	325	165	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	190	100	90	165	90	75
Philippines	25	10	10	30	0	25
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	145	80	60	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	125	85	45	100	50	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	34,910	16,975	17,935	36,985	18,015	18,970
In the labour force	21,720	11,365	10,355	21,050	10,830	10,220
Employed	19,840	10,175	9,665	16,945	8,135	8,815
Unemployed	1,880	1,190	690	4,105	2,690	1,410
Not in the labour force	13,185	5,610	7,580	15,940	7,185	8,750
Participation rate	62.2	67.0	57.7	56.9	60.1	53.9
Employment rate	56.8	59.9	53.9	45.8	45.2	46.5
Unemployment rate	8.7	10.5	6.7	19.5	24.8	13.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	34,910	16,975	17,935	36,990	18,015	18,970
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	12,010	4,970	7,040	14,685	6,545	8,145
Worked	22,900	12,005	10,895	22,300	11,475	10,825
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,410	6,900	5,510	8,975	4,310	4,670
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	10,495	5,105	5,385	13,320	7,165	6,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.9	42.6	36.8	35.0	38.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	21,720	11,365	10,355	21,050	10,830	10,220
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	295	135	160	550	295	255
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	21,430	11,235	10,195	20,500	10,535	9,970
Employee	19,375	9,925	9,450	19,030	9,610	9,420
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,050	1,305	750	1,470	920	550
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	21,725	11,365	10,355	21,050	10,830	10,220
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	290	135	160	550	300	250
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	21,430	11,230	10,195	20,500	10,530	9,965
0 Management occupations	2,085	1,245	845	1,335	750	585
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,080	635	2,445	2,775	670	2,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,230	965	265	615	515	95
3 Health occupations	1,490	145	1,340	1,645	235	1,405
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,330	750	1,580	2,515	750	1,760
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	170	235	215	105	105
6 Sales and service occupations	4,560	1,665	2,895	4,885	1,820	3,065
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,895	4,600	295	3,765	3,560	205
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	610	490	120	1,405	1,270	140
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	735	565	170	1,350	850	500
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	21,720	11,365	10,355	21,050	10,830	10,220
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	290	130	160	550	300	255
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	21,430	11,235	10,200	20,500	10,535	9,965
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	670	490	180	1,205	1,045	165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	220	205	10	550	520	30
22 Utilities	120	95	25	110	100	15
23 Construction	2,475	2,235	240	1,795	1,670	130
31-33 Manufacturing	1,660	1,200	460	2,035	1,365	670
41 Wholesale trade	770	520	255	430	310	110
44-45 Retail trade	2,435	1,085	1,350	2,670	1,145	1,530
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,425	1,020	405	765	600	165
51 Information and cultural industries	285	155	135	185	110	70
52 Finance and insurance	580	165	415	275	55	220
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	285	170	120	95	45	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,145	535	615	620	290	325
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	20	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,160	660	500	1,015	525	495
61 Educational services	1,415	380	1,035	1,440	450	990
62 Health care and social assistance	2,590	270	2,320	2,770	385	2,385
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	365	175	195	200	105	95
72 Accommodation and food services	1,260	375	885	1,290	370	920
81 Other services (except public administration)	950	550	405	1,000	480	520
91 Public administration	1,595	955	640	2,040	945	1,090
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,840	10,170	9,665	16,950	8,135	8,810
Worked at home	1,410	680	730	670	275	390
Worked outside Canada	65	55	10	35	30	10
No fixed workplace address	2,860	2,175	680	2,280	1,760	520
Worked at usual place	15,510	7,260	8,245	13,965	6,070	7,895
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,505	7,265	8,245	13,965	6,070	7,890
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,475	1,880	2,600	7,395	3,075	4,315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,840	570	1,270	5,165	2,065	3,100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,980	4,650	4,325	1,020	595	425
Commute to a different province or territory	210	160	50	395	345	45
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,360	9,435	8,925	16,245	7,835	8,410
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,145	8,405	7,735	13,615	6,530	7,085
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,245	525	720	1,360	595	765
Public transit	170	60	105	285	195	90
Walked	510	245	270	600	230	365
Bicycle	20	15	0	10	10	10
Other method	280	190	95	370	265	105
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,360	9,435	8,930	16,245	7,830	8,415
Less than 15 minutes	4,710	2,000	2,705	7,100	3,165	3,935
15 to 29 minutes	4,340	2,060	2,285	5,425	2,520	2,905
30 to 44 minutes	4,690	2,555	2,135	1,960	1,050	910
45 to 59 minutes	2,705	1,610	1,095	730	335	395
60 minutes and over	1,925	1,215	710	1,020	755	265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,365	9,435	8,925	16,245	7,830	8,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,905	1,365	535	1,275	910	370
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,485	2,775	1,710	2,915	1,620	1,300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,690	2,675	3,015	5,140	2,355	2,790
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,800	1,045	1,755	3,040	1,025	2,010
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,055	320	735	1,245	450	795
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,430	1,250	1,175	2,620	1,475	1,145
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	23,440	12,240	11,205	22,985	11,795	11,185
Single responses	23,370	12,210	11,160	21,955	11,355	10,595
Official languages	23,260	12,145	11,115	21,915	11,330	10,585
English	23,205	12,125	11,075	17,705	9,125	8,580
French	55	20	35	4,215	2,210	2,005
Non-official languages	110	65	45	40	25	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	65	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	60	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	85	45	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	30	40	1,025	435	590
English and French	40	15	30	990	425	560
English and non-official language	20	15	0	35	10	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	23,440	12,240	11,200	22,980	11,795	11,185
None	22,930	12,010	10,920	18,725	9,720	9,005
English	80	50	30	1,825	925	900
French	315	125	195	2,190	1,025	1,165
Non-official language	95	45	55	230	125	105
Aboriginal	30	0	25	210	115	95
Non-Aboriginal	60	40	25	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	41,650	20,475	21,175	42,590	20,865	21,730
Non-movers	37,965	18,730	19,240	39,215	19,260	19,960
Movers	3,680	1,745	1,935	3,380	1,605	1,775
Non-migrants	1,670	805	860	1,980	945	1,035
Migrants	2,015	940	1,075	1,395	655	740
Internal migrants	1,950	915	1,035	1,335	645	690
Intraprovincial migrants	1,520	695	825	865	400	460
Interprovincial migrants	435	220	210	470	240	230
External migrants	65	25	40	65	15	45
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	39,835	19,510	20,325	40,980	20,015	20,965
Non-movers	29,040	14,325	14,715	31,950	15,820	16,135
Movers	10,795	5,185	5,615	9,030	4,195	4,830
Non-migrants	4,940	2,330	2,610	5,365	2,535	2,830
Migrants	5,860	2,855	3,005	3,660	1,660	2,000
Internal migrants	5,575	2,715	2,860	3,520	1,600	1,920
Intraprovincial migrants	4,325	2,115	2,210	2,215	985	1,230
Interprovincial migrants	1,255	605	650	1,300	615	685
External migrants	280	135	140	145	60	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hants, CTY [Census division], Nova Scotia and Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Zone 7 (Miramichi area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick