Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Windsor, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Nanaimo British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,648	...	...	104,936	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,785	...	...	98,021	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.6	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,715	...	...	46,928	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,586	...	...	44,963	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	400.6	...	...	81.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.11	...	...	1,280.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,650	1,635	2,010	104,940	50,960	53,980
0 to 14 years	510	275	235	15,150	7,720	7,430
0 to 4 years	180	100	80	4,830	2,445	2,390
5 to 9 years	155	90	65	5,360	2,765	2,595
10 to 14 years	175	85	85	4,955	2,510	2,445
15 to 64 years	2,095	975	1,120	66,795	32,525	34,265
15 to 19 years	255	125	125	5,485	2,830	2,655
20 to 24 years	155	70	85	6,190	3,105	3,085
25 to 29 years	170	85	80	6,215	3,135	3,080
30 to 34 years	150	70	85	6,405	3,125	3,285
35 to 39 years	165	70	95	5,845	2,880	2,965
40 to 44 years	195	80	115	5,955	2,885	3,070
45 to 49 years	215	100	110	6,620	3,125	3,495
50 to 54 years	270	130	140	7,525	3,615	3,915
55 to 59 years	240	105	140	8,320	3,960	4,360
60 to 64 years	275	135	140	8,235	3,870	4,365
65 years and over	1,045	385	660	22,995	10,710	12,280
65 to 69 years	240	105	130	7,525	3,570	3,950
70 to 74 years	190	85	100	5,525	2,720	2,800
75 to 79 years	175	65	105	3,910	1,875	2,030
80 to 84 years	170	55	115	2,820	1,320	1,500
85 years and over	280	75	205	3,220	1,220	1,995
85 to 89 years	155	40	110	1,985	845	1,145
90 to 94 years	85	25	65	940	305	635
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	255	65	190
100 years and over	10	0	10	40	10	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	16.8	11.7	14.4	15.1	13.8
15 to 64 years	57.4	59.6	55.7	63.7	63.8	63.5
65 years and over	28.6	23.5	32.8	21.9	21.0	22.7
85 years and over	7.7	4.6	10.2	3.1	2.4	3.7
Average age of the population	47.6	44.1	50.4	44.2	43.3	45.0
Median age of the population	50.2	46.7	52.5	45.9	44.7	47.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,585	...	...	44,965	...	...
Single-detached house	770	...	...	26,310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,240	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	815	...	...	16,175	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	1,960	...	...
Row house	45	...	...	1,905	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	4,970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	600	...	...	7,250	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	95	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,590	...	...	44,965	...	...
1 person	660	...	...	13,300	...	...
2 persons	525	...	...	17,710	...	...
3 persons	195	...	...	6,420	...	...
4 persons	140	...	...	4,925	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...	2,605	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,205	...	...	101,990	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,140	1,360	1,780	89,790	43,240	46,550
Married or living common law	1,450	715	735	51,280	25,570	25,710
Married	1,110	555	560	41,000	20,450	20,550
Living common law	335	165	175	10,280	5,120	5,160
Not married and not living common law	1,690	645	1,045	38,510	17,670	20,840
Never married	845	425	420	22,420	12,280	10,140
Separated	125	45	80	2,785	1,180	1,610
Divorced	275	90	185	7,540	2,925	4,620
Widowed	445	85	360	5,760	1,290	4,475
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	910	...	...	30,040	...	...
2 persons	550	...	...	18,170	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	5,810	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	4,480	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	1,575	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	910	...	...	30,040	...	...
Total couple families	685	...	...	24,935	...	...
Married couples	510	...	...	19,800	...	...
Common-law couples	170	...	...	5,140	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	225	...	...	5,105	...	...
Female parent	195	...	...	3,940	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	1,165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	685	...	...	24,935	...	...
Couples without children	405	...	...	14,955	...	...
Couples with children	270	...	...	9,980	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	4,355	...	...
2 children	105	...	...	4,155	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	5,105	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	3,215	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	1,460	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	800	320	475	21,990	10,455	11,530
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,590	...	...	44,965	...	...
One-census-family households	870	...	...	28,535	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	395	...	...	14,270	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	475	...	...	14,265	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	740	...	...
Non-census-family households	700	...	...	15,690	...	...
One-person households	660	...	...	13,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	40	...	...	2,385	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,355	1,530	1,825	103,135	50,310	52,825
English only	3,145	1,440	1,700	95,830	47,080	48,745
French only	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	210	90	115	6,740	2,990	3,750
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	550	230	320
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,355	1,535	1,820	103,135	50,310	52,825
English	3,325	1,515	1,805	101,205	49,405	51,800
French	30	20	10	1,230	605	620
English and French	0	0	5	170	80	90
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	530	215	315
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	30	20	15	1,310	645	670
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	1.3	0.8	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,355	1,535	1,820	103,135	50,310	52,825
Single responses	3,345	1,525	1,815	101,990	49,780	52,210
Official languages	3,275	1,495	1,780	91,665	44,915	46,755
English	3,235	1,475	1,765	90,310	44,250	46,060
French	40	25	20	1,355	660	695
Non-official languages	70	30	35	10,325	4,870	5,455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	120	45	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	30	35	10,205	4,825	5,385
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	340	235	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages	5	5	5	335	230	100
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Arabic	5	5	5	290	205	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	20	5
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	475	225	250
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	90	45	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	390	185	205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	625	230	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	5	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	495	185	315
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	15	20	5,730	2,770	2,960
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	1,050	490	560
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	5	1,025	480	545
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	145	80	65
Czech	0	0	0	110	50	55
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Polish	0	0	0	235	110	125
Russian	0	0	0	195	85	110
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	5	5	0	55	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	155	65	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	15	5	10	2,360	1,120	1,240
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	45	45
Danish	0	0	0	215	105	110
Dutch	5	0	0	565	275	295
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	5
German	5	5	5	1,275	585	695
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Swedish	0	0	0	85	40	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	20	15	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	70	45	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,300	655	640
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,150	580	565
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	25	20
Hindi	0	0	0	125	65	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	900	450	450
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	70	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	145	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	925	445	480
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	230	130	105
Portuguese	5	0	0	140	70	75
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Spanish	15	5	5	500	225	270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	295	105	190
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	410	175	235
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	1,790	835	960
Chinese languages	15	10	10	1,790	835	960
Cantonese	0	5	0	450	205	245
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mandarin	5	0	0	1,190	555	635
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	5	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	105	60	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	15	60
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	5	65	15	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	275	135	140
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	80	35	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	180	95	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,145	530	620
English and French	0	0	5	280	130	155
English and non-official language	5	5	5	820	380	435
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,355	1,535	1,820	103,135	50,305	52,825
Single responses	3,345	1,525	1,815	101,260	49,435	51,820
Official languages	3,310	1,510	1,800	97,355	47,530	49,820
English	3,305	1,510	1,795	97,060	47,390	49,665
French	5	0	5	295	140	155
Non-official languages	35	20	15	3,905	1,905	1,995
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	10	3,900	1,910	1,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	185	115	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages	5	5	5	185	110	70
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	5	5	0	170	100	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	320	155	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	35	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	255	125	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	165	75	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	145	65	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	1,530	745	780
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	300	140	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	300	135	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Russian	0	0	0	120	60	65
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	235	115	125
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	65	30	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	55	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	720	355	365
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	640	320	315
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	540	270	275
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	35	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	245	125	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	0	165	85	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	65	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	5	270	125	145
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	1,180	565	610
Chinese languages	10	5	5	1,180	565	615
Cantonese	0	0	0	215	105	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	870	410	460
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	70	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	15	5	5	1,880	870	1,005
English and French	5	0	0	130	55	75
English and non-official language	10	5	5	1,710	800	905
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,355	1,535	1,820	103,135	50,305	52,825
None	3,285	1,495	1,790	96,675	47,330	49,345
English	10	5	5	1,745	850	900
French	35	20	15	1,095	465	630
Non-official language	25	10	15	3,510	1,615	1,895
Aboriginal	0	0	0	135	55	80
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	15	3,375	1,555	1,820
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
French and non-official language	5	5	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,715	1,195	1,520	86,875	42,005	44,870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,590	1,130	1,460	84,090	40,625	43,465
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,563	34,432	23,712	32,352	39,029	27,459
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,590	1,125	1,465	84,170	40,685	43,485
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,472	30,816	22,549	29,249	34,267	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,125	970	1,150	75,455	37,000	38,450
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,344	32,416	19,989	29,353	36,128	23,991
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,125	860	1,270	62,570	27,745	34,830
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,264	8,632	9,744	7,339	7,812	7,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,595	770	820	60,280	30,310	29,960
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,504	31,744	20,480	28,200	33,963	23,983
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,715	1,195	1,520	86,870	42,005	44,875
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,575	1,110	1,465	84,100	40,585	43,520
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,017	41,513	30,117	41,138	48,635	34,147
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,570	1,105	1,465	84,175	40,655	43,525
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,816	34,495	26,286	35,161	40,522	30,153
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,105	925	1,180	75,450	36,960	38,490
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,645	42,078	27,018	38,977	47,120	31,158
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,105	835	1,275	62,365	27,695	34,670
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,140	8,300	9,693	8,323	8,388	8,271
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,595	755	840	60,275	30,255	30,020
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,995	39,202	27,413	37,321	44,277	30,310
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,875	42,000	44,875
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	780	440	340	23,905	13,375	10,530
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,962	46,043	38,784	49,024	55,261	44,559
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,998	52,536	42,181	55,876	61,446	48,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.7	83.5	71.5	85.1	88.2	81.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.0	63.8	52.0	64.9	68.2	60.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.3	16.6	28.6	14.9	11.8	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,875	42,005	44,870
Without total income	125	65	55	2,790	1,380	1,400
With total income	2,590	1,125	1,460	84,090	40,625	43,465
Percentage with total income	95.4	94.1	96.4	96.8	96.7	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	400	155	250	11,190	4,870	6,320
$10,000 to $19,999	540	180	355	15,630	6,005	9,625
$20,000 to $29,999	440	160	285	12,620	5,105	7,515
$30,000 to $39,999	375	170	205	10,655	4,780	5,880
$40,000 to $49,999	255	120	140	8,830	4,175	4,660
$50,000 to $59,999	190	105	85	6,730	3,520	3,205
$60,000 to $69,999	125	80	45	4,995	3,050	1,940
$70,000 to $79,999	85	50	35	3,705	2,320	1,385
$80,000 to $89,999	80	50	30	2,775	1,735	1,040
$90,000 to $99,999	35	15	15	2,025	1,305	720
$100,000 and over	65	50	10	4,935	3,760	1,180
$100,000 to $149,999	50	40	10	3,680	2,750	930
$150,000 and over	15	15	5	1,250	1,005	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,875	42,010	44,870
Without after-tax income	125	65	60	2,705	1,320	1,385
With after-tax income	2,590	1,125	1,460	84,170	40,690	43,480
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	94.1	96.4	96.9	96.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	410	155	260	11,705	5,140	6,570
$10,000 to $19,999	570	190	375	16,485	6,440	10,045
$20,000 to $29,999	530	200	330	14,870	6,255	8,620
$30,000 to $39,999	435	200	235	12,290	5,610	6,680
$40,000 to $49,999	255	140	120	9,455	4,720	4,735
$50,000 to $59,999	165	100	65	6,460	3,835	2,625
$60,000 to $69,999	120	70	50	4,560	2,875	1,685
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	15	3,160	1,950	1,210
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	5,185	3,865	1,320
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	1,905	1,350	555
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,050	770	280
$100,000 and over	20	20	5	2,230	1,740	490
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,715	1,200	1,520	86,875	42,005	44,870
Without employment income	1,120	425	695	26,595	11,695	14,905
With employment income	1,595	770	825	60,275	30,310	29,965
Percentage with employment income	58.7	64.2	54.3	69.4	72.2	66.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	265	115	150	10,895	5,270	5,630
$5,000 to $9,999	150	60	90	4,770	2,030	2,740
$10,000 to $19,999	265	100	160	8,655	3,635	5,020
$20,000 to $29,999	215	90	120	7,085	3,090	3,995
$30,000 to $39,999	190	100	90	6,290	2,690	3,600
$40,000 to $49,999	135	60	75	5,420	2,475	2,940
$50,000 to $59,999	105	65	40	4,345	2,305	2,045
$60,000 to $69,999	80	50	30	3,255	2,010	1,240
$70,000 to $79,999	65	40	25	2,580	1,605	975
$80,000 and over	125	85	40	6,980	5,195	1,785
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	2,020	1,325	700
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	0	1,495	1,000	495
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	3,465	2,870	585
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,922	...	...	62,844	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,587	...	...	55,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	660	...	...	13,305	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,584	...	...	32,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,032	...	...	29,197	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	925	...	...	31,660	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,184	...	...	80,078	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	56,619	...	...	70,418	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,809	...	...	76,949	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,370	...	...	65,825	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	655	...	...	13,310	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,243	...	...	40,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,382	...	...	35,042	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	31,650	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,416	...	...	92,093	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,771	...	...	78,769	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,585	...	...	44,965	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1,555	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	2,055	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	2,235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	90	...	...	1,890	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	2,190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	2,205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	2,195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	1,985	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	3,815	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	3,360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	95	...	...	2,995	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	2,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	2,415	...	...
$100,000 and over	235	...	...	11,910	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	4,545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	2,830	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	2,800	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	1,730	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,585	...	...	44,965	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	820	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	610	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1,585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	2,115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	2,535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	2,370	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2,565	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	2,595	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	2,500	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	2,295	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	4,195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	3,785	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	3,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	2,870	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	2,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	130	...	...	8,425	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	3,925	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	2,130	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	2,365	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	900	...	...	29,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,184	...	...	80,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	56,640	...	...	70,350	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	13,990	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,096	...	...	76,071	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	66,949	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	280	...	...	10,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,603	...	...	106,813	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	92,201	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	4,795	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,696	...	...	45,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	35,648	...	...	42,226	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	905	...	...	29,765	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,341	...	...	91,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,710	...	...	78,527	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	14,010	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,615	...	...	86,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,854	...	...	73,955	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	265	...	...	10,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,690	...	...	115,514	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,276	...	...	98,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	4,745	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,283	...	...	55,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,363	...	...	49,443	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	740	300	445	19,725	9,485	10,245
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,717	26,560	24,032	28,087	29,662	27,025
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,488	24,448	23,019	25,930	26,785	25,323
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	730	300	430	19,730	9,500	10,225
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,974	27,554	31,681	36,588	39,341	34,030
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,065	23,876	27,611	31,553	33,220	30,005
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,205	1,460	1,745	101,990	49,705	52,280
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,220	990	1,230	55,525	26,290	29,240
In the bottom decile	585	265	325	13,065	6,220	6,845
In the second decile	555	225	330	11,420	5,170	6,245
In the third decile	385	175	210	10,445	4,910	5,530
In the fourth decile	375	170	200	10,475	5,060	5,415
In the fifth decile	315	150	165	10,125	4,925	5,200
In the top half of the distribution	985	470	515	46,465	23,420	23,045
In the sixth decile	345	165	180	9,870	4,875	4,995
In the seventh decile	230	105	125	10,125	5,070	5,055
In the eighth decile	180	85	95	9,910	4,960	4,950
In the ninth decile	150	65	80	9,330	4,745	4,585
In the top decile	80	40	40	7,225	3,770	3,455
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,205	1,455	1,745	101,030	49,225	51,810
0 to 17 years	595	320	270	17,985	9,200	8,780
0 to 5 years	205	115	90	5,805	2,945	2,860
18 to 64 years	1,845	840	1,005	62,185	30,030	32,155
65 years and over	765	300	465	20,855	9,990	10,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	885	370	515	16,685	7,700	8,985
0 to 17 years	225	120	100	3,990	2,050	1,940
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	1,370	700	670
18 to 64 years	500	210	295	10,070	4,620	5,445
65 years and over	160	40	120	2,630	1,035	1,595
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.6	25.4	29.5	16.5	15.6	17.3
0 to 17 years (%)	37.8	37.5	37.0	22.2	22.3	22.1
0 to 5 years (%)	43.9	43.5	44.4	23.6	23.8	23.4
18 to 64 years (%)	27.1	25.0	29.4	16.2	15.4	16.9
65 years and over (%)	20.9	13.3	25.8	12.6	10.4	14.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	410	190	225	10,045	4,900	5,150
0 to 17 years	100	45	55	2,170	1,135	1,030
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	745	400	345
18 to 64 years	300	135	165	7,375	3,550	3,830
65 years and over	10	5	5	500	210	285
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	13.1	12.9	9.9	10.0	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.8	14.1	20.4	12.1	12.3	11.7
0 to 5 years (%)	19.5	13.0	27.8	12.8	13.6	12.1
18 to 64 years (%)	16.3	16.1	16.4	11.9	11.8	11.9
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.7	1.1	2.4	2.1	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,990	49,705	52,280
Official languages	3,200	1,465	1,740	101,445	49,475	51,970
English	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,430	49,470	51,965
French	190	100	95	6,655	2,995	3,660
Non-official languages	65	40	20	13,820	6,470	7,345
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	295	150	145
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	30	20	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	25	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	105	45	55
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	50	15	30
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	40	20	13,530	6,325	7,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	385	255	130
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	375	255	120
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	330	240	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	15	25
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	520	270	250
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	100	65	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	420	205	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	860	285	575
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	110	45	65
Fijian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	10	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	765	250	510
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	40	30	15	8,325	3,945	4,380
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,095	505	590
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,080	500	585
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	195	100	95
Czech	0	0	0	125	60	65
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	215	95	125
Russian	0	0	0	245	100	145
Serbian	0	0	0	95	30	60
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	195	80	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	25	15	10	3,175	1,470	1,705
Afrikaans	0	0	0	215	120	95
Danish	0	0	0	240	100	140
Dutch	15	15	10	745	340	405
Frisian	0	0	0	35	15	15
German	10	0	0	1,835	870	965
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	105	50	60
Swedish	0	0	0	130	45	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	120	65	60
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,655	825	830
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,440	705	735
Bengali	0	0	0	30	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	30	45
Hindi	0	0	0	395	175	215
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,135	585	550
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	100	60	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	110	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	210	110	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	2,460	1,170	1,290
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	430	205	220
Portuguese	0	0	0	260	115	145
Romanian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Spanish	10	10	0	1,820	850	965
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	510	225	290
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	360	175	185
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	195	115	80
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	20
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	155	45	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	75	25	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	85	20	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,100	995	1,110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,090	990	1,105
Cantonese	0	0	0	575	260	315
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,495	710	790
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	55	15	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	25	60
Lao	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	80	20	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	10	15
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	310	120	185
Estonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	75	35	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	210	75	140
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,990	49,710	52,280
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,165	1,445	1,720	97,060	47,320	49,740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	620	350	270	17,675	9,090	8,580
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,550	1,100	1,450	79,385	38,225	41,160
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	35	15	20	4,930	2,385	2,545
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,200	1,465	1,740	101,990	49,705	52,280
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,095	1,410	1,685	85,600	41,900	43,700
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	110	55	60	14,915	6,980	7,935
Before 1981	80	30	45	7,775	3,790	3,985
1981 to 1990	10	0	10	1,590	695	895
1991 to 2000	20	10	0	1,640	730	910
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	2,560	1,155	1,410
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	1,145	505	635
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,415	645	775
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,355	620	735
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,475	830	645
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	110	55	60	14,915	6,980	7,940
Under 5 years	25	10	15	1,825	900	925
5 to 14 years	25	10	15	2,725	1,330	1,390
15 to 24 years	15	10	0	3,405	1,530	1,880
25 to 44 years	50	30	20	5,900	2,740	3,160
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,065	480	585
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	110	55	55	14,920	6,980	7,940
Americas	25	10	20	1,850	775	1,075
Brazil	0	0	0	50	15	35
Colombia	0	0	0	55	10	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	0	15
Mexico	0	0	0	95	35	55
Peru	0	0	0	55	15	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	25	1,270	570	700
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	230	85	140
Europe	80	50	35	7,865	3,915	3,955
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	10	20
Croatia	0	0	0	165	75	85
France	10	0	0	110	60	55
Germany	10	0	0	930	445	485
Greece	0	0	0	50	35	15
Hungary	0	0	0	145	55	90
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	105	50	55
Italy	10	0	0	155	90	70
Netherlands	10	10	0	595	280	315
Poland	0	0	0	165	90	70
Portugal	0	0	0	70	45	25
Romania	0	0	0	95	50	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	85	25	55
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	50	30	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	25	25	4,195	2,115	2,080
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	865	435	430
Africa	0	0	0	650	345	305
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	25	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	185	160
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	185	85	95
Asia	0	0	0	4,300	1,840	2,465
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	835	385	450
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	145	85	65
India	0	0	0	880	425	450
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	190	105	90
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	170	40	125
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	285	120	165
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	735	250	495
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	80	35	40
Viet Nam	0	0	0	375	155	210
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	440	160	280
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	245	105	145
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	1,355	620	735
Americas	0	0	0	145	75	65
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	100	60	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	240	100	145
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	60	10	55
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	65	45
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	15	10
Africa	0	0	0	60	40	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	900	405	500
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	265	120	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	105	50	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	30	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	280	130	150
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,990	49,710	52,280
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	120	55	60	17,210	8,250	8,965
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	165	90	75	20,185	9,705	10,475
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,920	1,320	1,610	64,590	31,755	32,840
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	35	20	10	7,420	3,360	4,060
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	10	3,705	1,795	1,910
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,540	870	665
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	0	2,170	925	1,245
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	20	0	2,865	1,120	1,740
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	10	795	415	375
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,205	1,465	1,740	101,985	49,710	52,280
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	60	35	30	8,265	3,850	4,415
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	60	35	25	8,090	3,785	4,305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	35	20	5,150	2,405	2,740
Métis	15	0	10	2,905	1,355	1,545
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	80	20	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,145	1,425	1,715	93,725	45,860	47,865
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,205	1,460	1,745	101,985	49,705	52,280
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	20	10	4,140	1,990	2,150
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,180	1,445	1,735	97,850	47,720	50,130
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,205	1,460	1,745	101,990	49,710	52,280
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	10	0	2,830	1,395	1,440
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	10	0	2,800	1,385	1,415
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	2,435	1,200	1,240
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	355	185	175
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	145	75	65	6,455	3,010	3,445
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	130	65	65	6,195	2,910	3,280
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	60	50	3,865	1,810	2,050
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	2,260	1,055	1,205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	75	45	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	15	0	260	100	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	255	100	155
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,050	1,380	1,675	92,700	45,300	47,400
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,985	49,705	52,280
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	125	65	60	9,285	4,455	4,825
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	2,020	1,035	980
Chinese	0	0	0	2,410	1,150	1,260
Black	115	65	50	720	370	345
Filipino	0	0	0	995	430	565
Latin American	0	0	0	495	210	285
Arab	0	0	0	275	195	80
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	840	370	475
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	185	100	85
Korean	0	0	0	415	190	230
Japanese	0	0	0	560	230	330
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	50	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	300	140	160
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,085	1,395	1,685	92,705	45,255	47,455
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,205	1,460	1,740	101,985	49,710	52,280
North American Aboriginal origins	150	85	70	9,290	4,405	4,880
First Nations (North American Indian)	130	80	50	6,595	3,120	3,475
Inuit	0	0	0	85	50	40
Métis	30	20	20	2,905	1,350	1,555
Other North American origins	1,645	745	905	27,975	13,780	14,195
Acadian	45	20	20	170	105	60
American	15	10	10	2,105	1,035	1,070
Canadian	1,600	715	885	26,415	13,005	13,410
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	70	20	45
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	1,940	880	1,055	80,240	38,720	41,520
British Isles origins	1,755	795	960	60,080	29,010	31,070
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	975	450	525	38,955	18,620	20,345
Irish	680	315	365	19,410	8,945	10,465
Manx	0	0	0	65	35	30
Scottish	735	305	435	26,230	12,455	13,770
Welsh	90	65	20	4,190	1,980	2,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	95	55	40	3,800	1,720	2,075
French origins	215	80	130	11,265	5,265	6,000
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	205	75	130	11,260	5,260	5,995
Western European origins (except French origins)	560	250	305	22,015	10,290	11,730
Austrian	0	10	0	1,050	495	550
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	0	0	10	700	335	360
Dutch	100	50	50	5,870	2,720	3,150
Flemish	0	0	0	70	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	480	215	265	15,670	7,295	8,385
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	15
Swiss	0	0	0	550	245	305
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	65	15	45	11,270	5,425	5,840
Danish	40	10	35	2,095	1,000	1,100
Finnish	10	0	0	1,110	510	605
Icelandic	0	0	0	840	400	440
Norwegian	15	0	10	4,645	2,315	2,325
Swedish	0	0	0	3,255	1,505	1,755
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	10	535	260	275
Eastern European origins	50	15	35	13,285	6,115	7,160
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	10	0	505	220	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	280	100	175
Estonian	0	0	0	140	60	80
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,600	615	980
Latvian	0	0	0	135	80	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	135	65	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	10	0	0	3,750	1,695	2,055
Romanian	0	0	0	635	315	320
Russian	25	15	15	2,375	1,095	1,280
Slovak	0	0	0	205	80	120
Ukrainian	30	10	25	5,660	2,700	2,965
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Southern European origins	40	15	25	7,045	3,415	3,625
Albanian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	575	280	300
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	460	230	235
Italian	40	20	20	3,935	1,955	1,980
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	625	325	295
Serbian	0	0	0	170	70	105
Sicilian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	120	55	70
Spanish	0	0	0	1,100	455	650
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	310	150	160
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	575	290	285
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	10	0	10	190	95	95
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	335	170	165
Caribbean origins	35	20	20	375	150	220
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	45	15	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	30	0	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	30	15	15	135	65	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	35	20	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	85	20	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	935	455	480
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	95	30	60
Chilean	0	0	0	90	55	30
Colombian	0	0	0	80	20	60
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	35	25	15
Honduran	0	0	0	40	20	25
Maya	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexican	0	0	0	335	175	155
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	0	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	10	10
African origins	70	35	35	1,145	610	535
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	170	105	70
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	125	70	50
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	90	75	15
Algerian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	25	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	30	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	480	235	245
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	10	0
South African	0	0	0	325	160	160
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Zulu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other African origins	70	40	30	410	195	210
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	35	30	360	190	170
Asian origins	35	15	20	8,970	4,250	4,725
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	10	15	985	535	445
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	155	110	40
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	335	170	160
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	0	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	0	15	165	95	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	70	70	0
Syrian	10	0	0	125	50	80
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	25	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	30	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,115	1,085	1,035
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,830	940	890
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	0	20
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	0	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	190	105	80
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	35	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	25	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	10	5,915	2,640	3,275
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	145	80	70
Chinese	0	0	0	2,925	1,365	1,550
Filipino	0	0	0	1,125	435	685
Hmong	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Japanese	0	0	0	670	285	390
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	420	190	230
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Thai	0	0	0	95	20	70
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	580	250	325
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	720	360	360
Australian	0	0	0	380	190	190
New Zealander	0	0	0	100	40	60
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	235	130	110
Fijian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	135	70	60
Maori	0	0	0	20	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,585	...	...	44,965	...	...
Owner	710	...	...	31,375	...	...
Renter	880	...	...	13,525	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
Condominium	70	...	...	6,065	...	...
Not condominium	1,520	...	...	38,895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	275	...	...
1 bedroom	390	...	...	5,110	...	...
2 bedrooms	365	...	...	12,655	...	...
3 bedrooms	495	...	...	14,890	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	325	...	...	12,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	560	...	...	11,585	...	...
5 rooms	185	...	...	7,445	...	...
6 rooms	280	...	...	6,580	...	...
7 rooms	145	...	...	5,565	...	...
8 or more rooms	410	...	...	13,785	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,590	...	...	44,960	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,585	...	...	44,715	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
Suitable	1,545	...	...	43,625	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	1,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
1960 or before	825	...	...	6,320	...	...
1961 to 1980	350	...	...	13,410	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	6,935	...	...
1991 to 2000	150	...	...	8,715	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	2,780	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	3,930	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,430	...	...	42,150	...	...
Major repairs needed	155	...	...	2,815	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,585	...	...	44,965	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,145	...	...	25,960	...	...
2 household maintainers	430	...	...	17,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,585	...	...	44,960	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	1,610	...	...
25 to 34 years	180	...	...	5,670	...	...
35 to 44 years	235	...	...	6,435	...	...
45 to 54 years	280	...	...	8,030	...	...
55 to 64 years	270	...	...	9,650	...	...
65 to 74 years	255	...	...	7,820	...	...
75 to 84 years	185	...	...	4,230	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	1,520	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,580	...	...	44,475	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,010	...	...	32,905	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	565	...	...	11,565	...	...
30% to less than 100%	500	...	...	10,130	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	710	...	...	31,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.0	...	...	58.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.0	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	984	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,081	...	...	1,130	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,551	...	...	375,525	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	192,345	...	...	409,483	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	875	...	...	13,480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.8	...	...	11.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	52.0	...	...	47.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	727	...	...	919	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	785	...	...	982	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,870	42,000	44,870
No certificate, diploma or degree	645	315	335	13,290	7,005	6,285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	735	315	420	26,725	12,735	13,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,330	565	760	46,860	22,260	24,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	220	145	70	9,600	7,085	2,520
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	150	90	60	3,825	2,130	1,700
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	55	15	5,775	4,955	815
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	600	200	395	16,875	6,465	10,405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30	3,990	1,455	2,540
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	475	210	265	16,395	7,260	9,135
Bachelor's degree	295	115	185	10,535	4,480	6,055
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	20	10	1,190	505	685
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	560	355	205
Master's degree	130	70	60	3,430	1,520	1,910
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	675	395	280
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,600	735	870	54,320	26,020	28,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	125	95	5,455	3,165	2,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	450	200	255	15,510	7,645	7,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	930	410	520	33,350	15,205	18,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	185	120	65	6,150	4,610	1,540
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	65	50	2,480	1,400	1,085
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	50	10	3,670	3,210	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	395	160	235	12,195	4,620	7,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	10	2,825	1,025	1,805
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	330	120	210	12,175	4,950	7,225
Bachelor's degree	230	75	155	8,005	3,205	4,795
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	835	330	505
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	390	215	180
Master's degree	95	45	55	2,510	985	1,525
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	435	210	225
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,715	1,200	1,520	86,875	42,000	44,870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,380	630	755	40,015	19,740	20,275
Education	115	35	75	3,475	920	2,560
13. Education	115	35	75	3,475	915	2,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	1,585	685	900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	10	245	190	60
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,340	495	845
Humanities	85	40	45	1,975	860	1,120
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	165	65	100
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	670	255	415
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	485	165	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	100	60	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	235	160	75
54. History	0	10	0	290	155	135
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	40	65	4,550	1,510	3,040
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	75	15	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	270	120	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	35	1,075	130	945
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	685	190	495
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	20	50
42. Psychology	25	10	25	795	210	585
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	1,575	815	760
Business, management and public administration	305	95	205	8,670	2,870	5,795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	10	645	140	505
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	285	85	195	8,015	2,735	5,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	15	15	1,625	825	805
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	915	425	490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	225	90	135
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	15	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	350	245	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	115	45	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	45	10	1,215	770	450
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	10	990	665	320
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	15	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	130	85	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	195	180	10	9,855	9,295	560
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	185	110	70
14. Engineering	20	15	10	1,260	1,115	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	55	0	1,685	1,525	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	3,015	2,925	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	2,550	2,485	70
48. Precision production	20	15	0	1,155	1,120	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	10	1,530	1,035	500
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	685	365	320
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	850	680	175
Health and related fields	300	35	270	8,695	1,610	7,085
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	565	280	285
51. Health professions and related programs	295	35	265	7,920	1,185	6,735
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	210	145	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	55	45	3,675	1,890	1,785
12. Personal and culinary services	60	25	35	2,405	755	1,645
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	325	265	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	0	925	845	80
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,600	735	865	54,320	26,020	28,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	675	320	350	20,970	10,810	10,160
Education	50	0	45	2,305	505	1,805
13. Education	55	0	45	2,310	505	1,800
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,120	450	670
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	150	100	45
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	970	350	620
Humanities	50	25	30	1,365	585	780
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	115	45	70
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	495	185	315
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	345	120	230
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	140	95	45
54. History	0	0	10	200	115	85
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	25	60	3,545	1,085	2,460
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	230	105	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	10	35	860	110	750
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	570	135	435
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	20	40
42. Psychology	25	0	20	595	140	455
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	1,185	570	610
Business, management and public administration	195	65	120	6,220	2,060	4,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	485	105	380
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	185	65	120	5,730	1,955	3,780
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	1,070	505	565
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	650	290	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	145	50	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	20	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	190	125	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	25	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	35	15	965	635	335
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	0	850	595	260
25. Library science	0	0	10	60	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	45	35	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	155	145	10	6,460	6,035	425
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	145	75	75
14. Engineering	10	10	10	775	665	115
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	45	45	0	1,065	970	100
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	2,115	2,045	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	1,650	1,605	40
48. Precision production	15	15	0	710	680	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	10	1,220	785	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	535	275	265
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	685	515	170
Health and related fields	205	30	170	6,465	1,225	5,240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	10	440	225	215
51. Health professions and related programs	200	30	170	5,900	920	4,975
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	130	80	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	50	35	2,595	1,320	1,270
12. Personal and culinary services	50	25	30	1,700	550	1,150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	245	195	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	645	570	75
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,875	42,005	44,870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	630	755	40,015	19,740	20,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,335	570	760	46,860	22,260	24,600
Location of study inside Canada	1,270	530	740	40,695	19,100	21,595
Same as province or territory of residence	1,055	435	615	30,180	13,875	16,305
Different than province or territory of residence	215	90	120	10,515	5,225	5,290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	65	35	25	6,165	3,160	3,000
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	15	1,350	740	610
Philippines	0	0	0	360	105	260
India	0	0	0	280	155	125
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	10	1,600	895	705
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	385	190	200
France	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other	15	15	0	2,155	1,070	1,090
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,600	730	865	54,320	26,015	28,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	675	320	345	20,970	10,815	10,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	925	410	515	33,350	15,200	18,150
Location of study inside Canada	895	385	515	29,865	13,605	16,260
Same as province or territory of residence	750	315	435	23,095	10,265	12,835
Different than province or territory of residence	155	75	75	6,770	3,345	3,430
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	25	10	3,485	1,600	1,885
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	725	355	370
Philippines	0	0	0	305	90	215
India	0	0	0	210	105	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	690	365	325
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	335	165	175
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other	10	10	0	1,210	520	695
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,710	1,200	1,515	86,875	42,000	44,870
In the labour force	1,440	675	765	52,260	26,595	25,670
Employed	1,290	600	690	48,215	24,260	23,955
Unemployed	150	70	75	4,050	2,335	1,715
Not in the labour force	1,275	525	755	34,615	15,410	19,200
Participation rate	53.1	56.2	50.5	60.2	63.3	57.2
Employment rate	47.6	50.0	45.5	55.5	57.8	53.4
Unemployment rate	10.4	10.4	9.8	7.7	8.8	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,715	1,195	1,515	86,875	42,000	44,875
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,235	510	735	32,035	14,365	17,675
Worked	1,475	685	790	54,840	27,640	27,200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	815	445	370	24,720	13,910	10,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	665	245	420	30,120	13,730	16,390
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.5	42.1	41.8	42.0	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,440	675	765	52,265	26,590	25,670
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	25	1,160	680	475
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,395	660	740	51,105	25,910	25,195
Employee	1,275	595	675	43,925	21,665	22,260
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	120	60	65	7,180	4,250	2,930
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,440	675	765	52,260	26,595	25,670
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	25	1,160	685	480
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,395	660	740	51,100	25,910	25,190
0 Management occupations	95	65	30	5,070	3,040	2,025
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	190	45	145	6,745	1,725	5,020
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	25	10	3,070	2,480	585
3 Health occupations	155	15	140	4,390	885	3,505
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	235	70	155	5,460	1,690	3,765
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	25	15	1,445	590	855
6 Sales and service occupations	365	155	210	14,220	5,735	8,490
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	220	200	20	8,085	7,590	495
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	0	1,350	1,085	260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	20	20	1,275	1,085	195
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,440	675	765	52,265	26,590	25,670
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	30	1,160	680	475
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,395	660	740	51,105	25,910	25,195
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	10	1,390	1,070	320
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	400	370	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	225	175	55
23 Construction	90	65	20	4,645	4,085	560
31-33 Manufacturing	75	50	25	2,420	1,865	560
41 Wholesale trade	15	20	0	1,315	1,035	285
44-45 Retail trade	220	125	95	7,380	3,325	4,050
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	40	0	2,495	1,920	570
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	10	1,310	825	490
52 Finance and insurance	50	20	30	1,605	560	1,045
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	15	890	480	415
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	90	55	35	3,180	1,725	1,455
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	45	30	2,650	1,510	1,135
61 Educational services	145	55	90	3,470	1,085	2,385
62 Health care and social assistance	265	30	235	7,520	1,460	6,055
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	25	10	965	430	535
72 Accommodation and food services	125	30	95	4,340	1,655	2,680
81 Other services (except public administration)	55	35	20	2,330	985	1,345
91 Public administration	55	35	15	2,560	1,345	1,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,295	605	690	48,220	24,260	23,955
Worked at home	100	35	65	3,975	1,885	2,090
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	160	100	65
No fixed workplace address	150	90	60	7,460	5,660	1,795
Worked at usual place	1,045	475	570	36,630	16,620	20,010
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,045	475	570	36,630	16,615	20,010
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	505	190	305	27,530	11,540	15,990
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	150	75	75	5,975	3,090	2,885
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	385	200	185	2,670	1,620	1,050
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	450	360	85
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,190	570	625	44,085	22,280	21,805
Car, truck, van - as a driver	905	425	485	35,430	18,045	17,390
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	120	65	55	2,640	1,120	1,515
Public transit	10	0	10	1,685	765	915
Walked	140	60	80	2,625	1,145	1,480
Bicycle	0	10	0	650	440	205
Other method	15	10	10	1,055	760	295
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,195	565	625	44,085	22,275	21,805
Less than 15 minutes	565	220	340	18,985	8,725	10,265
15 to 29 minutes	175	70	110	17,000	8,365	8,630
30 to 44 minutes	210	125	85	4,875	2,975	1,895
45 to 59 minutes	150	100	45	1,270	830	440
60 minutes and over	90	45	40	1,950	1,385	565
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,195	570	625	44,080	22,280	21,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	95	50	40	2,635	1,790	845
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	225	105	120	5,925	3,890	2,035
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	345	185	160	12,045	6,370	5,680
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260	110	150	10,105	4,090	6,015
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	30	65	5,900	2,310	3,585
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	185	90	95	7,470	3,825	3,650
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,510	705	810	56,565	28,445	28,120
Single responses	1,510	700	805	56,365	28,325	28,035
Official languages	1,510	700	810	56,110	28,180	27,930
English	1,500	695	810	55,995	28,160	27,835
French	0	0	0	115	25	90
Non-official languages	0	0	0	255	150	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	150	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	65	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	65	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	20	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	70	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	205	115	90
English and French	0	0	0	45	15	25
English and non-official language	10	0	0	150	95	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,515	705	810	56,565	28,445	28,120
None	1,495	695	800	55,305	27,905	27,400
English	10	0	0	205	80	125
French	10	0	0	365	170	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	680	285	390
Aboriginal	0	0	0	45	10	30
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	635	275	355
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,185	1,455	1,725	101,160	49,340	51,815
Non-movers	2,670	1,245	1,430	83,685	40,825	42,860
Movers	510	215	295	17,475	8,515	8,955
Non-migrants	285	135	145	10,750	5,220	5,530
Migrants	225	80	145	6,720	3,295	3,430
Internal migrants	230	75	150	5,875	2,875	2,995
Intraprovincial migrants	210	80	130	3,980	1,905	2,075
Interprovincial migrants	20	0	20	1,890	970	920
External migrants	0	0	0	850	425	430
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,045	1,375	1,670	97,130	47,320	49,810
Non-movers	1,610	735	875	53,875	26,370	27,505
Movers	1,435	640	800	43,255	20,950	22,305
Non-migrants	680	320	365	23,440	11,285	12,160
Migrants	760	320	430	19,810	9,670	10,145
Internal migrants	735	320	420	16,930	8,240	8,685
Intraprovincial migrants	615	270	340	11,480	5,535	5,940
Interprovincial migrants	120	50	75	5,450	2,705	2,745
External migrants	20	10	15	2,880	1,425	1,455

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Windsor, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Nanaimo [Census agglomeration], British Columbia