Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Truro, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Truro Nova Scotia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,261	...	...	45,753	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,059	...	...	45,888	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.7	...	...	-0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,574	...	...	22,478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,052	...	...	20,095	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	355.5	...	...	16.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	34.49	...	...	2,733.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,260	5,605	6,655	45,750	21,980	23,775
0 to 14 years	1,620	825	800	6,965	3,505	3,460
0 to 4 years	580	295	285	2,105	1,035	1,075
5 to 9 years	525	260	265	2,445	1,250	1,200
10 to 14 years	520	270	255	2,410	1,215	1,190
15 to 64 years	7,560	3,540	4,020	29,055	14,060	14,990
15 to 19 years	595	305	295	2,650	1,350	1,305
20 to 24 years	845	410	430	2,500	1,240	1,260
25 to 29 years	725	350	375	2,275	1,100	1,180
30 to 34 years	725	305	420	2,385	1,105	1,280
35 to 39 years	620	280	345	2,420	1,130	1,295
40 to 44 years	695	340	355	2,820	1,355	1,465
45 to 49 years	705	345	360	3,040	1,490	1,545
50 to 54 years	895	415	475	3,720	1,810	1,910
55 to 59 years	955	430	530	3,815	1,825	1,990
60 to 64 years	805	370	440	3,435	1,660	1,770
65 years and over	3,075	1,235	1,840	9,730	4,420	5,315
65 to 69 years	810	370	440	3,130	1,530	1,595
70 to 74 years	685	295	390	2,450	1,190	1,260
75 to 79 years	535	200	335	1,690	750	940
80 to 84 years	465	190	270	1,215	550	665
85 years and over	585	180	400	1,250	400	855
85 to 89 years	345	125	215	755	275	480
90 to 94 years	185	45	135	380	100	275
95 to 99 years	55	10	45	105	25	90
100 years and over	5	0	5	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	14.7	12.0	15.2	15.9	14.6
15 to 64 years	61.7	63.2	60.4	63.5	64.0	63.0
65 years and over	25.1	22.0	27.6	21.3	20.1	22.4
85 years and over	4.8	3.2	6.0	2.7	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	45.6	43.6	47.3	44.0	43.1	44.8
Median age of the population	46.9	44.8	49.3	46.4	45.7	47.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Single-detached house	2,530	...	...	13,570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,425	...	...	5,280	...	...
Semi-detached house	205	...	...	595	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	250	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	630	...	...	965	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,510	...	...	3,395	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	75	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	1,245	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
1 person	2,645	...	...	6,050	...	...
2 persons	2,095	...	...	7,975	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	2,820	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...	2,215	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	1,040	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,735	...	...	44,900	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,640	4,780	5,860	38,785	18,480	20,310
Married or living common law	5,120	2,555	2,565	22,860	11,410	11,450
Married	3,950	1,970	1,980	18,415	9,190	9,220
Living common law	1,165	580	585	4,445	2,220	2,225
Not married and not living common law	5,525	2,225	3,295	15,930	7,070	8,865
Never married	3,040	1,525	1,515	9,260	4,860	4,400
Separated	500	190	310	1,370	580	790
Divorced	945	325	625	2,535	1,060	1,475
Widowed	1,035	190	845	2,770	565	2,200
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,195	...	...	13,595	...	...
2 persons	2,020	...	...	8,045	...	...
3 persons	585	...	...	2,665	...	...
4 persons	445	...	...	2,085	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	795	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,195	...	...	13,590	...	...
Total couple families	2,475	...	...	11,255	...	...
Married couples	1,890	...	...	9,035	...	...
Common-law couples	585	...	...	2,225	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	720	...	...	2,340	...	...
Female parent	605	...	...	1,820	...	...
Male parent	120	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,475	...	...	11,255	...	...
Couples without children	1,525	...	...	6,570	...	...
Couples with children	950	...	...	4,690	...	...
1 child	415	...	...	2,050	...	...
2 children	395	...	...	1,900	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	2,340	...	...
1 child	495	...	...	1,475	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	620	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,375	1,425	1,945	8,250	3,760	4,480
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
One-census-family households	3,115	...	...	13,135	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,500	...	...	6,395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,615	...	...	6,740	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	230	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,900	...	...	6,735	...	...
One-person households	2,640	...	...	6,055	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	255	...	...	680	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,895	5,475	6,420	45,165	21,780	23,390
English only	10,910	5,070	5,840	42,280	20,635	21,650
French only	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	970	395	575	2,845	1,130	1,710
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	40	15	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,895	5,475	6,425	45,170	21,780	23,385
English	11,755	5,415	6,345	44,680	21,570	23,115
French	110	45	65	425	190	235
English and French	10	5	5	30	10	20
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	115	50	65	440	195	245
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,895	5,475	6,420	45,165	21,780	23,385
Single responses	11,835	5,455	6,385	44,970	21,695	23,270
Official languages	11,450	5,275	6,175	43,920	21,200	22,720
English	11,330	5,230	6,105	43,445	20,990	22,455
French	120	50	70	470	210	265
Non-official languages	390	175	215	1,050	500	555
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	110	40	70
Algonquian languages	20	5	10	105	40	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	15	110	40	70
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	15	105	40	70
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	365	170	195	940	460	485
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	60	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	60	35	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	35	45	90	35	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	45	80	35	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	5	5	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	80	95	525	255	270
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	15	65	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	60	30	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	20	10	10
Russian	10	5	10	20	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	15	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	275	140	130
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	130	80	55
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	20	5	15	115	55	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	100	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	20	70	30	40
Bengali	5	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	10	5	5	15	5	10
Iranian languages	15	10	10	25	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	70	25	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	5	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	35	10	20	55	20	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	20	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	150	65	80
Chinese languages	60	30	35	150	70	80
Cantonese	35	15	20	40	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	85	35	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	35	200	85	115
English and French	25	10	15	75	30	50
English and non-official language	30	10	20	110	50	60
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,895	5,475	6,420	45,165	21,780	23,390
Single responses	11,790	5,425	6,365	44,880	21,655	23,230
Official languages	11,635	5,350	6,285	44,525	21,485	23,045
English	11,605	5,335	6,270	44,425	21,440	22,980
French	30	15	20	105	45	60
Non-official languages	150	75	80	360	165	190
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	15	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	150	70	80	340	160	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	25	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	5	5	5	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	50	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	50	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	120	55	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	60	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	40	15	25
Bengali	5	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	15	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	10	10	5	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	20	10	15
American Sign Language	5	5	5	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	90	45	50
Chinese languages	30	15	15	95	40	50
Cantonese	15	10	5	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	5	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	50	55	285	125	155
English and French	25	10	15	65	30	35
English and non-official language	80	35	40	220	100	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,900	5,475	6,420	45,165	21,780	23,385
None	11,445	5,285	6,165	43,945	21,255	22,695
English	85	40	45	225	105	120
French	165	70	100	490	190	300
Non-official language	185	75	105	480	225	255
Aboriginal	20	5	15	95	30	60
Non-Aboriginal	160	70	90	385	190	200
English and French	5	0	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	10	0	5	15	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,960	18,190	19,775
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,790	4,420	5,370	36,530	17,490	19,040
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,298	32,179	24,252	29,986	37,228	24,764
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,795	4,415	5,370	36,550	17,495	19,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,130	28,958	22,684	27,145	32,570	23,127
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,230	3,795	4,435	31,540	15,525	16,020
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,833	31,499	21,430	28,144	35,707	22,434
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,860	3,285	4,575	27,650	12,070	15,580
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,261	8,160	8,325	7,709	8,197	7,352
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,340	3,060	3,285	25,380	12,835	12,550
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,339	30,162	23,488	29,208	36,105	24,044
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,135	4,610	5,525	37,965	18,195	19,770
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,800	4,410	5,390	36,485	17,485	19,005
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,341	43,287	32,478	37,928	44,304	32,059
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,795	4,410	5,390	36,500	17,485	19,020
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,438	35,718	27,938	31,844	36,426	27,631
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,225	3,790	4,430	31,515	15,515	16,000
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,232	42,952	30,482	36,397	43,162	29,836
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,760	3,255	4,505	27,620	11,980	15,645
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,750	8,577	8,875	8,574	8,764	8,428
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,345	3,035	3,300	25,380	12,805	12,575
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,230	40,974	29,948	36,144	42,113	30,064
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,130	4,605	5,525	37,965	18,195	19,770
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,990	1,490	1,500	12,565	6,815	5,750
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,863	45,926	35,635	44,605	49,815	39,375
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,203	58,192	44,269	51,142	56,187	45,163
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	85.2	76.3	82.9	86.5	78.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.7	65.7	57.4	66.7	70.0	62.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.1	14.8	23.7	17.1	13.5	21.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,135	4,610	5,525	37,960	18,190	19,775
Without total income	345	190	155	1,430	700	735
With total income	9,790	4,420	5,375	36,530	17,490	19,040
Percentage with total income	96.6	95.9	97.3	96.2	96.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,360	590	770	4,990	2,045	2,945
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	820	1,395	7,250	2,625	4,625
$20,000 to $29,999	1,735	675	1,055	6,035	2,440	3,590
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	565	715	5,055	2,310	2,740
$40,000 to $49,999	1,000	505	495	4,100	2,215	1,885
$50,000 to $59,999	630	365	270	2,705	1,680	1,025
$60,000 to $69,999	455	260	195	1,825	1,205	620
$70,000 to $79,999	345	185	155	1,430	875	560
$80,000 to $89,999	280	140	140	1,070	615	460
$90,000 to $99,999	140	85	60	615	405	210
$100,000 and over	350	235	115	1,450	1,080	375
$100,000 to $149,999	245	155	95	1,080	785	290
$150,000 and over	105	80	25	370	290	80
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,960	18,190	19,775
Without after-tax income	340	190	155	1,415	695	725
With after-tax income	9,790	4,420	5,375	36,550	17,495	19,050
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.0	97.3	96.3	96.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,415	600	810	5,210	2,090	3,115
$10,000 to $19,999	2,345	875	1,475	7,685	2,820	4,865
$20,000 to $29,999	2,065	830	1,235	7,245	3,030	4,215
$30,000 to $39,999	1,490	705	790	6,155	3,085	3,070
$40,000 to $49,999	945	530	420	4,065	2,430	1,635
$50,000 to $59,999	620	350	270	2,450	1,580	870
$60,000 to $69,999	405	215	190	1,645	975	675
$70,000 to $79,999	200	105	90	835	550	285
$80,000 and over	305	210	95	1,255	930	325
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	40	450	315	135
$90,000 to $99,999	60	45	10	260	195	65
$100,000 and over	150	110	40	550	420	125
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,960	18,190	19,775
Without employment income	3,795	1,550	2,240	12,580	5,355	7,225
With employment income	6,340	3,060	3,285	25,380	12,835	12,550
Percentage with employment income	62.6	66.4	59.5	66.9	70.6	63.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	980	445	530	3,620	1,665	1,960
$5,000 to $9,999	590	240	350	2,260	930	1,330
$10,000 to $19,999	990	420	570	3,635	1,510	2,125
$20,000 to $29,999	935	415	515	3,420	1,425	1,995
$30,000 to $39,999	805	385	425	3,240	1,530	1,705
$40,000 to $49,999	585	295	290	2,630	1,475	1,150
$50,000 to $59,999	380	230	150	1,830	1,175	655
$60,000 to $69,999	290	150	140	1,285	835	445
$70,000 to $79,999	240	130	110	1,095	665	430
$80,000 and over	550	345	210	2,375	1,635	740
$80,000 to $89,999	220	105	115	870	480	390
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	35	470	330	145
$100,000 and over	230	175	55	1,040	825	215
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,055	...	...	20,095	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,301	...	...	55,521	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,030	...	...	49,179	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,645	...	...	6,050	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,853	...	...	27,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,488	...	...	25,149	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,405	...	...	14,045	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,368	...	...	70,847	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,019	...	...	62,065	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,446	...	...	68,866	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,890	...	...	57,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,640	...	...	6,060	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,359	...	...	35,487	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,476	...	...	29,895	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,410	...	...	14,035	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,445	...	...	83,277	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,268	...	...	69,909	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,055	...	...	20,095	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	415	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	750	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	440	...	...	1,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	1,095	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	385	...	...	1,025	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	1,225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	350	...	...	1,110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	1,060	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	315	...	...	985	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	455	...	...	1,695	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	1,615	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	340	...	...	1,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	1,190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	190	...	...	925	...	...
$100,000 and over	920	...	...	4,185	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...	1,770	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	1,020	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...	920	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	335	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	430	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	750	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	480	...	...	1,165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	525	...	...	1,265	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	470	...	...	1,255	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	425	...	...	1,390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	425	...	...	1,315	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	355	...	...	1,210	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	1,095	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	2,125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	410	...	...	1,770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	325	...	...	1,490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	1,125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...	850	...	...
$100,000 and over	540	...	...	2,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...	1,355	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	140	...	...	620	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...	550	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,210	...	...	13,515	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,475	...	...	70,884	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,173	...	...	62,031	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,475	...	...	6,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,339	...	...	65,713	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,384	...	...	57,594	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	4,750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,640	...	...	96,973	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,867	...	...	82,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	695	...	...	2,190	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,720	...	...	42,470	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,288	...	...	39,520	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,225	...	...	13,520	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,582	...	...	83,375	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,222	...	...	69,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,510	...	...	6,285	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,482	...	...	74,189	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,433	...	...	62,686	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	4,715	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,932	...	...	111,508	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,346	...	...	91,631	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,145	...	...	48,631	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,207	...	...	43,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,160	1,340	1,825	7,525	3,460	4,065
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,508	24,539	24,480	26,466	29,325	24,615
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,078	22,707	23,200	24,427	26,525	23,424
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,165	1,355	1,810	7,475	3,430	4,040
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,561	31,786	33,140	34,354	35,547	33,341
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,886	27,076	28,492	29,068	29,288	28,881
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,900	21,675	23,225
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,005	3,590	4,420	28,000	13,185	14,815
In the bottom decile	2,010	910	1,100	5,305	2,465	2,845
In the second decile	1,845	740	1,105	6,425	2,760	3,665
In the third decile	1,535	675	860	5,805	2,715	3,090
In the fourth decile	1,410	665	750	5,505	2,750	2,755
In the fifth decile	1,205	595	605	4,960	2,495	2,465
In the top half of the distribution	3,730	1,835	1,900	16,900	8,490	8,410
In the sixth decile	1,065	535	535	4,600	2,315	2,285
In the seventh decile	840	405	435	4,155	2,085	2,075
In the eighth decile	820	395	425	3,750	1,870	1,875
In the ninth decile	575	285	295	2,690	1,355	1,335
In the top decile	430	220	205	1,705	860	845
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,090	21,285	22,805
0 to 17 years	1,925	985	940	8,270	4,165	4,100
0 to 5 years	675	340	335	2,490	1,235	1,255
18 to 64 years	7,115	3,315	3,805	26,770	12,905	13,865
65 years and over	2,690	1,120	1,570	9,050	4,210	4,840
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,990	1,280	1,710	8,305	3,680	4,620
0 to 17 years	585	280	305	1,980	975	1,010
0 to 5 years	260	120	140	725	340	380
18 to 64 years	1,870	840	1,035	4,560	2,055	2,505
65 years and over	535	165	375	1,760	650	1,110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	25.5	23.6	27.1	18.8	17.3	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	30.4	28.4	32.4	23.9	23.4	24.6
0 to 5 years (%)	38.5	35.3	41.8	29.1	27.5	30.3
18 to 64 years (%)	26.3	25.3	27.2	17.0	15.9	18.1
65 years and over (%)	19.9	14.7	23.9	19.4	15.4	22.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,420	670	750	2,990	1,440	1,550
0 to 17 years	245	105	140	650	315	340
0 to 5 years	115	40	70	235	100	135
18 to 64 years	1,130	545	585	2,225	1,085	1,145
65 years and over	40	15	30	110	40	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.1	12.4	11.9	6.8	6.8	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.7	10.7	14.9	7.9	7.6	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.0	11.8	20.9	9.4	8.1	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9	16.4	15.4	8.3	8.4	8.3
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.9	1.2	1.0	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,905	21,675	23,230
Official languages	11,725	5,415	6,310	44,865	21,645	23,210
English	11,725	5,415	6,310	44,845	21,645	23,200
French	970	380	585	2,920	1,175	1,750
Non-official languages	650	285	365	1,765	805	960
Aboriginal languages	50	35	20	190	80	105
Algonquian languages	45	30	15	180	75	110
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	30	20	180	75	105
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	30	20	180	75	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	600	250	350	1,580	730	850
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	90	45	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	30	90	40	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	20	30	90	45	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	125	40	85
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	50	125	40	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	20	10	15
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	130	200	975	430	545
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	30	110	40	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	10	30	95	40	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian	30	10	20	55	15	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	35	20	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	20
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	50	60	395	190	205
Afrikaans	0	10	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	30	10	20	165	85	85
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	75	35	45	220	100	120
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	40	55	200	90	110
Indo-Aryan languages	95	40	55	175	75	100
Bengali	20	0	15	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	20	55	25	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	30	80	35	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	20	10	10	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	30	65	285	120	165
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	30	65	255	100	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	50	30	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	55	30	25
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	65	25	35
American Sign Language	10	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	45	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	140	75	70
Chinese languages	85	45	45	140	75	70
Cantonese	55	20	35	55	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	80	35	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	0	10	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,735	5,420	6,310	44,900	21,675	23,225
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,380	5,250	6,130	43,980	21,200	22,775
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,855	955	900	8,395	4,200	4,195
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,525	4,300	5,225	35,585	17,000	18,585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	350	170	185	925	475	445
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,735	5,420	6,310	44,905	21,675	23,225
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,945	5,050	5,895	42,835	20,645	22,190
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	705	330	375	1,785	870	925
Before 1981	320	180	145	810	435	375
1981 to 1990	25	15	10	160	90	70
1991 to 2000	60	0	55	180	55	120
2001 to 2010	105	40	65	300	120	180
2001 to 2005	75	30	45	165	70	100
2006 to 2010	30	10	25	135	50	85
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	190	90	105	345	170	175
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	85	40	40	280	165	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	705	325	375	1,790	870	925
Under 5 years	90	45	45	275	135	145
5 to 14 years	145	55	90	365	175	190
15 to 24 years	140	55	85	315	145	175
25 to 44 years	280	150	130	690	355	335
45 years and over	45	20	25	140	60	80
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	705	330	380	1,790	870	925
Americas	165	90	75	435	210	225
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	10	0	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	15	10	20	15	0
Mexico	10	10	0	25	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	60	60	325	150	180
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	50	25	30
Europe	280	125	155	860	420	435
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	90	50	40
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	25	0	15
Italy	0	0	0	15	10	0
Netherlands	30	15	15	145	85	55
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portugal	0	10	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	170	80	85	460	220	240
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	15	65	25	40
Africa	10	10	0	65	50	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	20	10
Asia	245	100	145	410	175	235
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	10	35	60	15	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	20	20	70	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	20	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	30	20	15
Pakistan	25	15	10	35	15	15
Philippines	75	30	45	115	45	75
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	40	15	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	195	85	100	345	175	175
Americas	35	25	15	65	45	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	35	25	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	50	15	35	110	45	60
France	0	10	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	10	40	90	35	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	105	55	55	145	65	80
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	45	25	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	70	25	40	85	30	55
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,905	21,675	23,225
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	835	390	445	2,235	1,100	1,135
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	970	475	500	3,100	1,475	1,625
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,930	4,555	5,375	39,565	19,100	20,470
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	390	155	235	1,000	445	555
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	215	105	110	605	290	320
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	75	50	20	245	160	80
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	140	50	90	365	130	235
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	160	50	110	365	135	225
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	10	30	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,900	21,675	23,230
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	595	270	325	2,455	1,150	1,300
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	570	250	320	2,385	1,130	1,260
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	355	155	200	1,770	830	935
Métis	195	85	110	570	270	300
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	45	25	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	30	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	45	15	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,135	5,155	5,985	42,450	20,525	21,925
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,730	5,420	6,315	44,900	21,675	23,230
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	125	140	1,490	680	810
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,470	5,300	6,175	43,405	20,995	22,415
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,900	21,675	23,230
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	60	90	835	420	420
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	60	90	835	420	420
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	130	55	75	790	400	390
Métis single ancestry	20	0	20	40	15	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	735	275	460	2,540	1,110	1,430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	705	265	440	2,485	1,095	1,390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	180	285	1,765	785	980
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	75	145	665	290	375
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	10	55	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	20	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	55	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,850	5,085	5,765	41,525	20,145	21,375
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,900	21,675	23,225
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	860	410	450	1,635	830	800
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	55	60	245	110	130
Chinese	75	25	55	135	55	85
Black	490	270	220	830	485	345
Filipino	85	30	55	145	70	75
Latin American	15	0	15	70	25	45
Arab	15	10	10	75	35	45
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	20	55	20	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	10	0	30	15	15
Korean	10	10	0	15	10	0
Japanese	10	0	15	20	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	0	10	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,875	5,010	5,860	43,270	20,845	22,425
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,735	5,420	6,315	44,905	21,675	23,230
North American Aboriginal origins	885	335	550	3,380	1,530	1,855
First Nations (North American Indian)	625	245	380	2,605	1,195	1,415
Inuit	25	15	10	70	35	35
Métis	270	85	180	755	310	445
Other North American origins	5,210	2,455	2,755	20,885	10,035	10,850
Acadian	260	120	140	750	345	405
American	100	50	50	310	160	155
Canadian	4,950	2,330	2,625	20,070	9,645	10,425
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	40	30	10
Nova Scotian	40	15	25	95	45	45
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,140	3,690	4,450	30,630	14,635	15,985
British Isles origins	7,355	3,340	4,015	26,915	12,870	14,045
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,725	1,665	2,060	13,360	6,375	6,985
Irish	2,770	1,195	1,580	9,595	4,380	5,220
Manx	10	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	4,240	1,965	2,270	16,175	7,775	8,400
Welsh	160	70	95	670	300	375
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	240	100	140	840	325	510
French origins	1,445	695	755	5,520	2,585	2,935
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,445	695	750	5,520	2,585	2,935
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,345	560	785	5,440	2,515	2,930
Austrian	0	0	0	100	50	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	20	40	130	45	85
Dutch	395	165	235	1,670	760	910
Flemish	10	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	950	415	535	3,825	1,775	2,050
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	15	60	195	80	115
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	190	90	95	845	365	485
Danish	50	25	20	265	130	140
Finnish	20	10	15	65	25	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	25	40	220	100	125
Swedish	50	35	20	225	80	150
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	110	55	55
Eastern European origins	380	175	195	1,070	495	570
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	0	20	20	0	20
Czech	15	10	10	40	35	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	95	25	60
Latvian	10	0	10	45	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	170	85	90	395	205	185
Romanian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Russian	55	15	40	150	60	95
Slovak	10	0	0	30	15	10
Ukrainian	165	85	80	360	185	175
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins	235	130	110	890	435	455
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	20	35	10	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	45	25	25
Italian	140	80	60	500	250	255
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	105	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	50	25	25	155	75	75
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	10	15	105	60	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	10	35	25	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	0	75	40	30
Caribbean origins	85	40	45	150	85	60
Antiguan	10	0	15	15	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	15	20	80	55	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	25	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	25	20	125	60	60
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	15	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	25	15	10	50	25	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	10
African origins	325	150	175	685	325	365
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	50	25	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	60	10	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	25	0	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	60	30	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	15
South African	15	10	0	15	15	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other African origins	295	135	160	520	255	265
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	30	45	120	55	70
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	220	105	115	405	210	195
Asian origins	505	220	285	1,025	500	530
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	130	70	60	320	165	150
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Armenian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	10	35	10	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	85	45	35	200	115	80
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	20	10	10	25	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	25	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	120	60	60	275	140	135
Bangladeshi	25	0	15	25	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
East Indian	85	50	40	185	100	85
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	15	0
Punjabi	15	0	10	30	15	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	210	75	140	375	170	205
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	125	50	75	205	90	115
Filipino	50	20	35	115	60	55
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	20	0	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	25	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	15	25	50	20	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	15	25	55	20	35
Oceania origins	15	10	0	55	20	35
Australian	15	10	0	35	15	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Owner	2,665	...	...	13,650	...	...
Renter	3,385	...	...	6,190	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	280	...	...
Not condominium	5,915	...	...	19,815	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	1,305	...	...	2,195	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,200	...	...	5,805	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,625	...	...	7,735	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	895	...	...	4,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,420	...	...	4,735	...	...
5 rooms	890	...	...	3,475	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	3,220	...	...
7 rooms	635	...	...	2,835	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,290	...	...	5,835	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,020	...	...	20,005	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Suitable	5,860	...	...	19,640	...	...
Not suitable	190	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,055	...	...	20,095	...	...
1960 or before	2,590	...	...	5,330	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,575	...	...	5,750	...	...
1981 to 1990	565	...	...	3,055	...	...
1991 to 2000	460	...	...	2,580	...	...
2001 to 2005	225	...	...	1,110	...	...
2006 to 2010	410	...	...	1,375	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	225	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,485	...	...	18,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	565	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,250	...	...	12,300	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,755	...	...	7,560	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,050	...	...	20,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	640	...	...
25 to 34 years	785	...	...	2,265	...	...
35 to 44 years	825	...	...	2,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,020	...	...	3,800	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,185	...	...	4,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	990	...	...	3,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	705	...	...	1,965	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,050	...	...	19,585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,075	...	...	15,500	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,970	...	...	4,080	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,755	...	...	3,670	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,665	...	...	13,445	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.7	...	...	52.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.8	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	863	...	...	733	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	955	...	...	854	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,189	...	...	160,619	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,668	...	...	183,530	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,385	...	...	6,170	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.1	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	44.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	729	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	777	...	...	776	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,965	18,195	19,770
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,050	1,010	1,050	8,115	4,370	3,745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,925	1,490	1,440	10,325	5,125	5,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,155	2,115	3,035	19,525	8,695	10,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735	460	280	3,820	2,770	1,050
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	490	270	220	2,145	1,325	820
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	245	195	55	1,675	1,445	230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,120	660	1,455	8,685	3,015	5,665
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	85	130	815	265	550
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,085	910	1,180	6,200	2,640	3,560
Bachelor's degree	1,350	575	775	4,065	1,650	2,415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	50	85	375	160	220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	215	105	105
Master's degree	510	235	275	1,400	625	775
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	15	145	100	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,025	2,775	3,250	23,770	11,395	12,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	785	425	365	3,175	1,910	1,265
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,770	965	805	6,380	3,250	3,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	1,395	2,070	14,215	6,240	7,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	430	285	145	2,575	1,915	650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	300	165	130	1,405	880	520
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	115	15	1,165	1,035	135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,465	470	995	6,405	2,285	4,120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	45	70	540	165	375
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,455	600	855	4,695	1,865	2,830
Bachelor's degree	950	415	535	3,135	1,250	1,890
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	30	65	265	100	170
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	30	185	75	105
Master's degree	345	135	210	1,020	390	630
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	15	90	55	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,960	18,195	19,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,980	2,490	2,490	18,435	9,495	8,945
Education	585	180	405	1,900	525	1,370
13. Education	585	185	405	1,895	525	1,370
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	60	65	335	170	165
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	80	60	15
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	60	255	110	150
Humanities	270	125	155	730	295	435
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	30	50	0	50
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	40	130	35	95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30	170	70	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	55	30	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	140	70	75
54. History	80	55	20	150	80	65
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	35	0	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	115	430	1,715	405	1,310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	65	40	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	10	185	580	30	550
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	65	330	45	280
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	25	0	25
42. Psychology	105	10	90	275	70	205
45. Social sciences	130	65	60	420	215	200
Business, management and public administration	1,115	305	810	3,915	990	2,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	40	75	435	100	335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,000	270	730	3,475	890	2,585
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	95	95	585	295	285
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	235	95	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	150	80	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	60	50	10	135	115	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	45	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	125	85	585	330	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	95	65	480	290	185
25. Library science	20	0	20	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	55	40	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	685	630	55	3,840	3,650	190
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	15	50	25	20
14. Engineering	80	70	10	340	290	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	115	10	605	535	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	155	0	1,050	1,050	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	205	0	1,335	1,310	25
48. Precision production	90	80	0	450	445	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	135	70	1,080	645	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	80	55	730	365	370
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	55	15	350	285	70
Health and related fields	860	140	725	3,165	425	2,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	30	25	160	95	65
51. Health professions and related programs	790	95	695	2,960	285	2,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	50	45	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	360	200	155	1,680	965	715
12. Personal and culinary services	200	70	135	830	245	590
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	50	45	0
43. Security and protective services	65	45	20	305	205	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	60	10	495	470	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,025	2,780	3,245	23,770	11,395	12,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,560	1,385	1,175	9,550	5,160	4,395
Education	360	110	245	1,275	305	975
13. Education	355	110	250	1,275	300	975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	55	240	115	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	50	35	10
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	50	185	70	115
Humanities	175	75	95	495	195	300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	25	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	85	20	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	20	20	135	55	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	40	15	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	60	35	25
54. History	55	40	15	115	60	50
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	30	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	85	335	1,395	305	1,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	55	35	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145	465	20	435
22. Legal professions and studies	70	10	60	300	30	265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	75	10	70	215	50	165
45. Social sciences	95	50	45	335	170	165
Business, management and public administration	725	195	530	2,765	710	2,060
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	30	60	365	85	285
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	630	165	465	2,395	625	1,775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	65	80	420	210	205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	190	80	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	25	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	90	75	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	20	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	60	490	285	200
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	80	45	425	265	165
25. Library science	15	0	10	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	35	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	430	385	50	2,800	2,635	165
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	30	10	20
14. Engineering	60	45	15	255	210	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	65	10	450	375	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	785	785	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	105	10	985	960	20
48. Precision production	50	45	10	300	295	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	90	50	825	465	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	50	40	545	255	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	270	210	65
Health and related fields	580	110	475	2,275	315	1,960
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	20	15	115	65	50
51. Health professions and related programs	530	70	455	2,120	215	1,905
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	40	35	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	150	100	1,240	705	535
12. Personal and culinary services	130	55	75	630	190	445
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	20	245	170	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	350	335	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,130	4,610	5,525	37,965	18,195	19,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,495	2,490	18,440	9,490	8,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,150	2,115	3,040	19,525	8,700	10,825
Location of study inside Canada	4,830	1,960	2,870	18,540	8,210	10,325
Same as province or territory of residence	3,675	1,365	2,310	14,615	6,185	8,430
Different than province or territory of residence	1,150	595	560	3,920	2,030	1,895
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	325	155	170	985	485	500
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	60	40	390	210	180
Philippines	50	15	35	55	15	45
India	20	15	10	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	30	10	195	110	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	105	30	75	285	115	160
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,025	2,780	3,245	23,765	11,395	12,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,560	1,385	1,175	9,555	5,155	4,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,470	1,390	2,075	14,215	6,235	7,975
Location of study inside Canada	3,250	1,315	1,935	13,525	5,950	7,575
Same as province or territory of residence	2,505	935	1,570	10,780	4,565	6,215
Different than province or territory of residence	745	380	370	2,745	1,390	1,360
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	215	80	135	690	285	400
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	20	40	250	100	150
Philippines	35	15	25	50	15	30
India	15	10	10	30	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	140	65	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	10	0	10	10	0
Other	80	20	60	220	90	130
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,130	4,610	5,525	37,960	18,190	19,770
In the labour force	5,755	2,795	2,965	22,905	11,695	11,205
Employed	5,150	2,455	2,695	20,820	10,450	10,370
Unemployed	610	340	265	2,085	1,250	835
Not in the labour force	4,375	1,815	2,565	15,060	6,495	8,565
Participation rate	56.8	60.6	53.7	60.3	64.3	56.7
Employment rate	50.8	53.3	48.8	54.8	57.4	52.5
Unemployment rate	10.6	12.2	8.9	9.1	10.7	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,135	4,605	5,525	37,960	18,195	19,770
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,080	1,680	2,400	13,735	5,875	7,860
Worked	6,050	2,925	3,125	24,230	12,320	11,910
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,080	1,550	1,525	12,865	7,000	5,860
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,970	1,375	1,600	11,365	5,315	6,050
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.6	41.6	42.4	42.6	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,755	2,795	2,960	22,905	11,695	11,205
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	355	175	185
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,715	2,890	22,545	11,520	11,020
Employee	5,150	2,465	2,685	20,385	10,230	10,155
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	460	255	205	2,160	1,290	870
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,755	2,795	2,965	22,905	11,695	11,205
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	360	175	185
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,720	2,890	22,545	11,520	11,025
0 Management occupations	465	245	220	2,050	1,205	840
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	695	255	440	3,095	910	2,180
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	270	225	45	1,030	795	235
3 Health occupations	465	75	390	1,665	235	1,425
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	810	255	555	2,815	855	1,965
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	35	90	475	190	280
6 Sales and service occupations	1,655	715	945	5,240	2,000	3,235
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	605	575	25	4,025	3,785	230
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	100	10	845	700	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	405	240	170	1,300	835	470
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,755	2,790	2,960	22,900	11,695	11,210
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	360	175	185
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,720	2,890	22,540	11,520	11,020
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	60	25	1,020	755	260
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	210	195	10
22 Utilities	20	0	10	85	50	30
23 Construction	255	215	35	1,545	1,385	165
31-33 Manufacturing	580	380	200	2,225	1,505	725
41 Wholesale trade	200	145	55	1,045	760	285
44-45 Retail trade	860	375	480	3,185	1,450	1,730
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	210	175	40	1,190	930	255
51 Information and cultural industries	80	55	25	255	155	100
52 Finance and insurance	125	75	50	435	190	245
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	30	20	210	115	90
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	255	120	130	830	380	445
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	145	80	810	540	265
61 Educational services	460	165	300	1,820	590	1,230
62 Health care and social assistance	815	150	665	2,950	455	2,490
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	60	65	415	190	225
72 Accommodation and food services	570	225	345	1,490	485	1,010
81 Other services (except public administration)	265	115	145	1,080	530	550
91 Public administration	410	205	210	1,735	845	890
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,150	2,450	2,695	20,820	10,450	10,375
Worked at home	295	145	150	1,475	740	740
Worked outside Canada	10	15	0	55	40	20
No fixed workplace address	425	300	130	2,550	1,895	660
Worked at usual place	4,410	1,995	2,420	16,730	7,785	8,950
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,410	1,995	2,420	16,730	7,785	8,950
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,940	1,195	1,750	6,370	2,995	3,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	985	520	470	7,750	3,225	4,530
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	420	245	175	2,370	1,400	970
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	25	240	170	75
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,840	2,295	2,545	19,280	9,675	9,610
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,545	1,745	1,800	16,560	8,405	8,155
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	510	200	310	1,350	595	755
Public transit	40	20	20	90	50	40
Walked	655	275	375	990	450	540
Bicycle	40	30	0	75	50	25
Other method	60	20	40	220	115	105
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,840	2,295	2,545	19,280	9,675	9,610
Less than 15 minutes	3,175	1,350	1,830	8,715	3,970	4,750
15 to 29 minutes	930	475	460	6,255	2,905	3,345
30 to 44 minutes	285	175	105	1,775	1,115	665
45 to 59 minutes	195	140	50	1,095	675	415
60 minutes and over	250	155	95	1,445	1,010	430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,835	2,295	2,545	19,280	9,670	9,610
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	125	105	1,395	990	410
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	765	350	420	3,470	1,920	1,555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,430	780	645	5,955	3,105	2,850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,010	350	660	3,780	1,385	2,400
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	525	210	325	1,590	520	1,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	870	480	395	3,090	1,755	1,335
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,255	3,030	3,230	24,920	12,640	12,275
Single responses	6,235	3,010	3,220	24,850	12,615	12,230
Official languages	6,230	3,010	3,220	24,830	12,605	12,230
English	6,170	2,995	3,170	24,700	12,595	12,105
French	60	10	50	135	10	120
Non-official languages	0	10	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	0	70	25	45
English and French	15	10	10	50	15	35
English and non-official language	0	10	0	25	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,255	3,025	3,230	24,915	12,640	12,275
None	6,105	2,965	3,140	24,475	12,460	12,015
English	45	10	35	85	15	70
French	100	45	55	270	135	140
Non-official language	10	0	0	75	30	45
Aboriginal	0	10	0	35	20	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	40	10	30
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	11,620	5,365	6,250	44,505	21,470	23,030
Non-movers	9,425	4,260	5,170	39,055	18,840	20,210
Movers	2,190	1,110	1,080	5,455	2,630	2,825
Non-migrants	1,330	655	675	2,980	1,450	1,530
Migrants	860	450	410	2,480	1,180	1,300
Internal migrants	800	415	390	2,295	1,065	1,230
Intraprovincial migrants	560	290	270	1,710	785	920
Interprovincial migrants	240	120	120	585	285	305
External migrants	60	45	20	180	110	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,160	5,125	6,035	42,830	20,705	22,130
Non-movers	6,035	2,745	3,290	28,330	13,855	14,475
Movers	5,130	2,380	2,745	14,505	6,855	7,655
Non-migrants	2,895	1,350	1,545	7,850	3,750	4,105
Migrants	2,230	1,025	1,205	6,655	3,105	3,550
Internal migrants	1,975	900	1,075	6,075	2,790	3,285
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385	625	760	4,435	2,010	2,425
Interprovincial migrants	590	270	315	1,640	775	865
External migrants	255	130	130	585	315	270

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Truro, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Truro [Census agglomeration], Nova Scotia