Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Truro, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Saint-Hyacinthe, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,261	...	...	55,648	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,059	...	...	53,236	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.7	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,574	...	...	27,050	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,052	...	...	25,483	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	355.5	...	...	294.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	34.49	...	...	188.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,260	5,605	6,655	55,650	26,400	29,250
0 to 14 years	1,620	825	800	7,885	3,995	3,890
0 to 4 years	580	295	285	2,615	1,350	1,260
5 to 9 years	525	260	265	2,775	1,400	1,380
10 to 14 years	520	270	255	2,495	1,245	1,250
15 to 64 years	7,560	3,540	4,020	34,540	17,045	17,495
15 to 19 years	595	305	295	2,860	1,410	1,450
20 to 24 years	845	410	430	3,505	1,705	1,800
25 to 29 years	725	350	375	3,240	1,685	1,550
30 to 34 years	725	305	420	3,030	1,535	1,495
35 to 39 years	620	280	345	3,240	1,665	1,575
40 to 44 years	695	340	355	2,900	1,445	1,455
45 to 49 years	705	345	360	3,100	1,530	1,570
50 to 54 years	895	415	475	4,075	1,955	2,120
55 to 59 years	955	430	530	4,425	2,155	2,270
60 to 64 years	805	370	440	4,175	1,955	2,225
65 years and over	3,075	1,235	1,840	13,220	5,355	7,865
65 to 69 years	810	370	440	3,785	1,775	2,010
70 to 74 years	685	295	390	3,185	1,415	1,775
75 to 79 years	535	200	335	2,245	900	1,340
80 to 84 years	465	190	270	1,800	650	1,155
85 years and over	585	180	400	2,195	615	1,580
85 to 89 years	345	125	215	1,290	415	880
90 to 94 years	185	45	135	690	165	520
95 to 99 years	55	10	45	195	30	160
100 years and over	5	0	5	25	0	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	14.7	12.0	14.2	15.1	13.3
15 to 64 years	61.7	63.2	60.4	62.1	64.6	59.8
65 years and over	25.1	22.0	27.6	23.8	20.3	26.9
85 years and over	4.8	3.2	6.0	3.9	2.3	5.4
Average age of the population	45.6	43.6	47.3	45.0	43.0	46.8
Median age of the population	46.9	44.8	49.3	47.0	44.0	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Single-detached house	2,530	...	...	8,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	135	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,425	...	...	16,385	...	...
Semi-detached house	205	...	...	1,480	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	605	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	630	...	...	2,215	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,510	...	...	11,900	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	190	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,050	...	...	25,480	...	...
1 person	2,645	...	...	9,945	...	...
2 persons	2,095	...	...	9,165	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	2,940	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...	2,285	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	1,145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,735	...	...	52,495	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,640	4,780	5,860	47,760	22,400	25,355
Married or living common law	5,120	2,555	2,565	25,270	12,625	12,650
Married	3,950	1,970	1,980	14,350	7,160	7,190
Living common law	1,165	580	585	10,920	5,465	5,460
Not married and not living common law	5,525	2,225	3,295	22,490	9,780	12,705
Never married	3,040	1,525	1,515	14,200	7,300	6,900
Separated	500	190	310	640	265	370
Divorced	945	325	625	4,155	1,545	2,600
Widowed	1,035	190	845	3,495	660	2,830
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,195	...	...	14,835	...	...
2 persons	2,020	...	...	8,915	...	...
3 persons	585	...	...	2,765	...	...
4 persons	445	...	...	2,180	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	980	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,195	...	...	14,840	...	...
Total couple families	2,475	...	...	12,160	...	...
Married couples	1,890	...	...	6,730	...	...
Common-law couples	585	...	...	5,425	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	720	...	...	2,675	...	...
Female parent	605	...	...	2,055	...	...
Male parent	120	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,475	...	...	12,160	...	...
Couples without children	1,525	...	...	7,275	...	...
Couples with children	950	...	...	4,885	...	...
1 child	415	...	...	1,990	...	...
2 children	395	...	...	1,975	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	2,680	...	...
1 child	495	...	...	1,640	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	775	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,375	1,425	1,945	12,415	5,775	6,640
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
One-census-family households	3,115	...	...	14,595	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,500	...	...	7,180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,615	...	...	7,410	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	120	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,900	...	...	10,770	...	...
One-person households	2,640	...	...	9,950	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	255	...	...	820	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,895	5,475	6,420	54,610	26,020	28,585
English only	10,910	5,070	5,840	90	55	40
French only	0	0	0	38,735	17,265	21,475
English and French	970	395	575	15,545	8,575	6,975
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	230	130	100
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,895	5,475	6,425	54,610	26,020	28,590
English	11,755	5,415	6,345	525	265	255
French	110	45	65	53,480	25,410	28,070
English and French	10	5	5	390	215	170
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	220	125	90
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	115	50	65	720	380	340
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.3	1.5	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,895	5,475	6,420	54,610	26,020	28,590
Single responses	11,835	5,455	6,385	54,045	25,750	28,300
Official languages	11,450	5,275	6,175	51,525	24,455	27,075
English	11,330	5,230	6,105	450	230	220
French	120	50	70	51,080	24,225	26,850
Non-official languages	390	175	215	2,520	1,290	1,225
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	365	170	195	2,520	1,295	1,225
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	525	300	230
Berber languages	0	0	0	125	65	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	95	50	50
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	400	230	175
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	400	230	170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	5	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	70	35	45	20	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malay	0	5	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	45	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	80	95	1,390	685	705
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	15	60	35	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	10	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	35	20	15
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	15	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	110	55	55
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	20	50	25	25
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	20	10	10
Iranian languages	15	10	10	65	30	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	60	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	1,175	565	605
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Portuguese	0	5	0	55	25	35
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Spanish	35	10	20	1,045	510	535
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	305	160	140
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	65	40	25
Wolof	0	0	0	15	15	5
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	5	5	0	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	50	30	25
Chinese languages	60	30	35	50	25	20
Cantonese	35	15	20	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	60	25	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	55	25	35	560	275	285
English and French	25	10	15	225	110	115
English and non-official language	30	10	20	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	285	135	150
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	30	20	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,895	5,475	6,420	54,605	26,020	28,585
Single responses	11,790	5,425	6,365	53,750	25,595	28,160
Official languages	11,635	5,350	6,285	52,295	24,840	27,455
English	11,605	5,335	6,270	285	140	145
French	30	15	20	52,015	24,700	27,310
Non-official languages	150	75	80	1,455	750	700
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	150	70	80	1,455	755	705
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	240	130	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	30	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	45	20	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	190	100	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	190	100	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	20	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	10	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	10	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	930	470	460
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	35	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	100	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	45	25	25
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	15	10	5
Iranian languages	10	10	5	55	30	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	785	395	395
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	10	0	10	750	375	370
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	150	85	70
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	15
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	15	5	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	40	20	20
Chinese languages	30	15	15	40	20	20
Cantonese	15	10	5	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	5	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	35	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	50	55	855	430	430
English and French	25	10	15	155	80	70
English and non-official language	80	35	40	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	620	305	320
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	60	35	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,900	5,475	6,420	54,605	26,020	28,585
None	11,445	5,285	6,165	51,350	24,320	27,025
English	85	40	45	1,580	865	710
French	165	70	100	820	415	405
Non-official language	185	75	105	740	360	385
Aboriginal	20	5	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	160	70	90	740	355	380
English and French	5	0	5	35	20	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	70	30	40
French and non-official language	10	0	5	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,640	21,440	23,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,790	4,420	5,370	43,595	20,985	22,610
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,298	32,179	24,252	31,115	35,898	26,923
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,795	4,415	5,370	43,600	20,985	22,620
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,130	28,958	22,684	28,040	31,718	24,895
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,230	3,795	4,435	38,525	18,925	19,600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,833	31,499	21,430	27,830	33,651	22,890
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,860	3,285	4,575	34,835	15,915	18,920
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,261	8,160	8,325	8,276	7,042	9,104
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,340	3,060	3,285	30,385	15,575	14,805
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,339	30,162	23,488	29,795	34,306	25,650
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,135	4,610	5,525	44,645	21,440	23,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,800	4,410	5,390	43,560	20,985	22,575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,341	43,287	32,478	38,631	44,936	32,770
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,795	4,410	5,390	43,565	20,985	22,580
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,438	35,718	27,938	32,458	36,778	28,443
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,225	3,790	4,430	38,430	18,880	19,555
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,232	42,952	30,482	35,632	43,100	28,424
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,760	3,255	4,505	34,810	15,880	18,930
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,750	8,577	8,875	9,006	8,154	9,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,345	3,035	3,300	30,385	15,590	14,795
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,230	40,974	29,948	35,578	41,201	29,652
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,130	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,440	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,990	1,490	1,500	13,600	7,410	6,195
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,863	45,926	35,635	42,137	46,138	38,579
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,203	58,192	44,269	50,626	57,532	42,367
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	85.2	76.3	81.2	85.8	75.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.7	65.7	57.4	64.6	68.1	60.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.1	14.8	23.7	18.8	14.1	24.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,135	4,610	5,525	44,640	21,440	23,205
Without total income	345	190	155	1,050	455	595
With total income	9,790	4,420	5,375	43,595	20,980	22,615
Percentage with total income	96.6	95.9	97.3	97.7	97.9	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,360	590	770	4,515	2,030	2,485
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	820	1,395	8,730	3,320	5,415
$20,000 to $29,999	1,735	675	1,055	7,840	3,270	4,570
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	565	715	6,490	3,130	3,365
$40,000 to $49,999	1,000	505	495	5,745	3,020	2,720
$50,000 to $59,999	630	365	270	3,580	1,955	1,625
$60,000 to $69,999	455	260	195	2,220	1,360	860
$70,000 to $79,999	345	185	155	1,590	945	650
$80,000 to $89,999	280	140	140	905	550	360
$90,000 to $99,999	140	85	60	605	405	200
$100,000 and over	350	235	115	1,370	1,000	370
$100,000 to $149,999	245	155	95	955	685	270
$150,000 and over	105	80	25	415	315	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,435	23,205
Without after-tax income	340	190	155	1,040	455	585
With after-tax income	9,790	4,420	5,375	43,605	20,980	22,620
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.0	97.3	97.7	97.9	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,415	600	810	4,710	2,070	2,640
$10,000 to $19,999	2,345	875	1,475	9,235	3,520	5,710
$20,000 to $29,999	2,065	830	1,235	9,530	4,180	5,345
$30,000 to $39,999	1,490	705	790	8,440	4,330	4,110
$40,000 to $49,999	945	530	420	5,330	2,915	2,415
$50,000 to $59,999	620	350	270	2,875	1,720	1,160
$60,000 to $69,999	405	215	190	1,575	920	660
$70,000 to $79,999	200	105	90	750	480	270
$80,000 and over	305	210	95	1,160	845	310
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	40	385	275	110
$90,000 to $99,999	60	45	10	235	165	70
$100,000 and over	150	110	40	540	410	130
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,440	23,205
Without employment income	3,795	1,550	2,240	14,260	5,860	8,400
With employment income	6,340	3,060	3,285	30,385	15,580	14,805
Percentage with employment income	62.6	66.4	59.5	68.1	72.7	63.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	980	445	530	3,815	1,875	1,940
$5,000 to $9,999	590	240	350	2,430	1,010	1,415
$10,000 to $19,999	990	420	570	4,655	2,020	2,635
$20,000 to $29,999	935	415	515	4,385	1,945	2,445
$30,000 to $39,999	805	385	425	4,510	2,250	2,255
$40,000 to $49,999	585	295	290	3,665	2,075	1,595
$50,000 to $59,999	380	230	150	2,255	1,350	910
$60,000 to $69,999	290	150	140	1,455	925	530
$70,000 to $79,999	240	130	110	1,225	715	510
$80,000 and over	550	345	210	1,985	1,410	580
$80,000 to $89,999	220	105	115	640	425	210
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	35	425	290	135
$100,000 and over	230	175	55	925	695	230
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,055	...	...	25,480	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,301	...	...	50,905	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,030	...	...	45,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,645	...	...	9,945	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,853	...	...	27,889	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,488	...	...	25,781	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,405	...	...	15,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,368	...	...	71,718	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,019	...	...	62,481	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,050	...	...	25,480	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,446	...	...	66,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,890	...	...	55,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,640	...	...	9,950	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,359	...	...	35,642	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,476	...	...	30,498	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,410	...	...	15,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,445	...	...	85,510	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,268	...	...	71,506	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,055	...	...	25,480	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	515	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	440	...	...	1,505	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	1,745	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	385	...	...	1,300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	1,495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	350	...	...	1,590	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	1,570	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	315	...	...	1,380	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	455	...	...	2,350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	1,840	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	340	...	...	1,745	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	1,405	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	190	...	...	1,145	...	...
$100,000 and over	920	...	...	4,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...	2,000	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	1,070	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...	910	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	215	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	530	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	1,225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	480	...	...	1,615	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	525	...	...	1,940	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	470	...	...	1,570	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	425	...	...	1,950	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	425	...	...	1,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	355	...	...	1,685	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	1,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	2,530	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	410	...	...	2,180	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	325	...	...	1,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	1,345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...	975	...	...
$100,000 and over	540	...	...	2,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...	1,430	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	140	...	...	600	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...	570	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,210	...	...	14,910	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,475	...	...	72,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,173	...	...	62,777	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,475	...	...	7,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,339	...	...	66,146	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,384	...	...	57,511	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	4,905	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,640	...	...	100,014	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,867	...	...	84,877	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	695	...	...	2,620	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,720	...	...	47,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,288	...	...	43,853	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,225	...	...	14,950	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,582	...	...	86,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,222	...	...	71,823	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,510	...	...	7,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,482	...	...	81,249	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,433	...	...	66,708	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	4,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,932	...	...	110,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,346	...	...	91,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...	2,630	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,145	...	...	56,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,207	...	...	50,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,160	1,340	1,825	11,690	5,435	6,260
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,508	24,539	24,480	26,449	29,413	24,448
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,078	22,707	23,200	24,729	26,682	23,454
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,165	1,355	1,810	11,635	5,385	6,245
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,561	31,786	33,140	34,069	35,198	33,094
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,886	27,076	28,492	29,260	29,605	28,962
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,005	3,590	4,420	33,460	15,810	17,650
In the bottom decile	2,010	910	1,100	5,575	2,600	2,975
In the second decile	1,845	740	1,105	6,850	2,930	3,920
In the third decile	1,535	675	860	7,315	3,465	3,855
In the fourth decile	1,410	665	750	7,385	3,650	3,735
In the fifth decile	1,205	595	605	6,330	3,165	3,165
In the top half of the distribution	3,730	1,835	1,900	19,035	9,610	9,425
In the sixth decile	1,065	535	535	5,805	2,920	2,885
In the seventh decile	840	405	435	4,905	2,445	2,465
In the eighth decile	820	395	425	3,945	2,005	1,945
In the ninth decile	575	285	295	2,660	1,360	1,300
In the top decile	430	220	205	1,715	885	830
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
0 to 17 years	1,925	985	940	9,375	4,750	4,630
0 to 5 years	675	340	335	3,175	1,615	1,560
18 to 64 years	7,115	3,315	3,805	32,585	16,020	16,565
65 years and over	2,690	1,120	1,570	10,530	4,650	5,880
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,990	1,280	1,710	8,860	3,865	4,995
0 to 17 years	585	280	305	1,685	860	825
0 to 5 years	260	120	140	565	280	285
18 to 64 years	1,870	840	1,035	5,100	2,365	2,740
65 years and over	535	165	375	2,075	645	1,430
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	25.5	23.6	27.1	16.9	15.2	18.4
0 to 17 years (%)	30.4	28.4	32.4	18.0	18.1	17.8
0 to 5 years (%)	38.5	35.3	41.8	17.8	17.3	18.3
18 to 64 years (%)	26.3	25.3	27.2	15.7	14.8	16.5
65 years and over (%)	19.9	14.7	23.9	19.7	13.9	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,420	670	750	4,525	2,150	2,375
0 to 17 years	245	105	140	835	395	440
0 to 5 years	115	40	70	290	135	150
18 to 64 years	1,130	545	585	3,435	1,665	1,770
65 years and over	40	15	30	255	85	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.1	12.4	11.9	8.6	8.5	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.7	10.7	14.9	8.9	8.3	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.0	11.8	20.9	9.1	8.4	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9	16.4	15.4	10.5	10.4	10.7
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.9	2.4	1.8	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
Official languages	11,725	5,415	6,310	52,275	25,305	26,975
English	11,725	5,415	6,310	15,320	8,315	7,005
French	970	380	585	52,150	25,230	26,920
Non-official languages	650	285	365	4,240	2,025	2,210
Aboriginal languages	50	35	20	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	45	30	15	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	30	20	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	600	250	350	4,235	2,025	2,210
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	740	400	340
Berber languages	0	0	0	200	110	90
Kabyle	0	0	0	160	85	70
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	30	635	345	285
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	20	30	630	345	285
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	50	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	125	75	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	55	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	130	200	2,580	1,145	1,435
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	30	50	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	10	30	50	30	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	30	10	20	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	10	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	50	60	95	55	40
Afrikaans	0	10	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	20	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	35	45	70	40	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	100	40	55	120	60	55
Indo-Aryan languages	95	40	55	65	30	30
Bengali	20	0	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	20	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	15	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	30	65	2,365	1,025	1,340
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Portuguese	0	0	0	135	50	80
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	95	30	65	2,175	950	1,225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	25	10	15	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	525	285	235
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	60	30	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	235	130	105
Wolof	0	0	0	15	15	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	105	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	20	10	10	45	25	20
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	115	65	55
Chinese languages	85	45	45	90	50	35
Cantonese	55	20	35	20	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	70	35	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	65	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	65	30	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	10	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,735	5,420	6,310	52,495	25,420	27,075
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,380	5,250	6,130	50,730	24,530	26,200
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,855	955	900	8,875	4,520	4,355
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,525	4,300	5,225	41,855	20,010	21,850
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	350	170	185	1,765	895	875
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,735	5,420	6,310	52,495	25,420	27,075
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,945	5,050	5,895	49,035	23,660	25,375
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	705	330	375	3,305	1,685	1,620
Before 1981	320	180	145	300	170	130
1981 to 1990	25	15	10	140	85	60
1991 to 2000	60	0	55	280	140	145
2001 to 2010	105	40	65	1,215	575	635
2001 to 2005	75	30	45	460	240	220
2006 to 2010	30	10	25	750	335	410
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	190	90	105	1,365	715	655
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	85	40	40	150	75	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	705	325	375	3,305	1,685	1,625
Under 5 years	90	45	45	450	195	250
5 to 14 years	145	55	90	580	315	270
15 to 24 years	140	55	85	490	245	245
25 to 44 years	280	150	130	1,605	830	775
45 years and over	45	20	25	175	95	80
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	705	330	380	3,310	1,685	1,625
Americas	165	90	75	1,125	545	580
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	725	355	365
El Salvador	0	0	10	25	0	20
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	75	45	30
Jamaica	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	60	15	45
Peru	0	0	0	45	25	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	60	60	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	110	50	60
Europe	280	125	155	475	285	195
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	265	170	90
Germany	25	10	15	25	25	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Netherlands	30	15	15	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	10	10
Portugal	0	10	0	30	0	25
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	10	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	170	80	85	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	15	70	25	45
Africa	10	10	0	1,275	655	620
Algeria	0	0	0	265	135	130
Egypt	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	120	70	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	855	430	425
Asia	245	100	145	430	195	235
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	10	35	70	30	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	20	20	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	55	20	30
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	15	10	15
Philippines	75	30	45	10	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	70	45	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	150	70	80
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	195	85	100	1,365	710	655
Americas	35	25	15	355	180	175
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	215	105	105
Cuba	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	45	35	10
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	30	10	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	15
Europe	50	15	35	85	45	40
France	0	10	0	50	35	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	10	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	10	20
Africa	0	0	0	730	395	330
Algeria	0	0	0	145	75	65
Cameroon	0	0	0	155	85	70
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	50	25	20
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	100	50	55
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	45	30	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	45	0	35
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	170	115	55
Asia	105	55	55	195	90	110
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	70	25	40	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	70	45	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	55	30	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	835	390	445	3,515	1,795	1,720
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	970	475	500	2,080	1,145	930
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,930	4,555	5,375	46,900	22,480	24,420
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	390	155	235	3,040	1,530	1,505
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	215	105	110	1,130	610	525
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	75	50	20	620	390	225
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	140	50	90	515	220	295
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	160	50	110	660	315	345
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	10	1,230	595	630
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	595	270	325	490	250	245
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	570	250	320	470	230	240
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	355	155	200	275	135	145
Métis	195	85	110	190	95	95
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	20	20	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,135	5,155	5,985	52,000	25,175	26,830
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,730	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	125	140	105	45	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,470	5,300	6,175	52,395	25,375	27,015
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	60	90	305	155	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	60	90	300	155	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	130	55	75	260	135	125
Métis single ancestry	20	0	20	40	20	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	735	275	460	1,355	670	690
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	705	265	440	1,345	665	680
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	180	285	1,205	580	625
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	75	145	135	85	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	20	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,850	5,085	5,765	50,840	24,600	26,240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	860	410	450	3,105	1,590	1,520
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	55	60	65	20	40
Chinese	75	25	55	135	65	75
Black	490	270	220	1,170	605	565
Filipino	85	30	55	10	0	15
Latin American	15	0	15	1,005	485	520
Arab	15	10	10	510	290	220
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	20	65	45	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	10	0	45	25	15
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	15	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	40	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	0	10	40	10	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,875	5,010	5,860	49,390	23,830	25,560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,735	5,420	6,315	52,495	25,420	27,075
North American Aboriginal origins	885	335	550	1,660	825	835
First Nations (North American Indian)	625	245	380	1,485	720	760
Inuit	25	15	10	0	0	10
Métis	270	85	180	180	105	80
Other North American origins	5,210	2,455	2,755	40,615	19,425	21,190
Acadian	260	120	140	155	65	90
American	100	50	50	225	110	115
Canadian	4,950	2,330	2,625	39,215	18,730	20,485
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	1,585	800	785
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,140	3,690	4,450	15,225	7,580	7,645
British Isles origins	7,355	3,340	4,015	2,725	1,275	1,450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,725	1,665	2,060	500	235	270
Irish	2,770	1,195	1,580	1,765	780	985
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,240	1,965	2,270	645	345	300
Welsh	160	70	95	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	240	100	140	55	25	30
French origins	1,445	695	755	12,420	6,215	6,210
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	65	35	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,445	695	750	12,365	6,180	6,180
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,345	560	785	790	430	360
Austrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	20	40	245	120	120
Dutch	395	165	235	130	65	60
Flemish	10	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	950	415	535	350	200	150
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	70	15	60	80	40	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	190	90	95	15	15	0
Danish	50	25	20	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	25	40	10	10	0
Swedish	50	35	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	380	175	195	285	160	115
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Byelorussian	15	0	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	50	25	25
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	170	85	90	105	50	55
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian	55	15	40	45	35	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	165	85	80	30	10	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	235	130	110	935	445	490
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	25	10	20
Italian	140	80	60	525	275	250
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	195	60	140
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	50	25	25	185	90	95
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	10	15	60	25	25
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	10	20	10	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	0	30	20	10
Caribbean origins	85	40	45	200	100	95
Antiguan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	40	25	15
Dominican	0	0	0	20	0	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0	115	60	50
Jamaican	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	25	20	1,195	600	600
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	835	400	435
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	35	10
Guyanese	10	0	0	20	15	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	25	15	10	95	50	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	15	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	325	150	175	1,710	885	825
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	695	370	325
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	155	85	70
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	245	135	115
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	120	65	65
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	60	30	25
North African origins	10	0	0	660	360	300
Algerian	0	0	0	170	115	60
Berber	0	0	0	230	115	115
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	35	25	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	155	75	80
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	90	50	45
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	145	65	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	295	135	160	215	95	120
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	220	105	115	215	95	125
Asian origins	505	220	285	770	400	370
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	130	70	60	455	245	210
Afghan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	150	105	45
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	10	45	20	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	70	30	35
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	85	45	35	35	0	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	10	10	40	25	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	65	35	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	120	60	60	65	35	30
Bangladeshi	25	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	85	50	40	25	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	20
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	0	10
Punjabi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	210	75	140	250	125	125
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese	125	50	75	170	85	85
Filipino	50	20	35	20	0	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	15	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Owner	2,665	...	...	12,965	...	...
Renter	3,385	...	...	12,520	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	2,855	...	...
Not condominium	5,915	...	...	22,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,050	...	...	25,480	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	225	...	...
1 bedroom	1,305	...	...	4,560	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,200	...	...	8,625	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,625	...	...	8,220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	895	...	...	3,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,420	...	...	10,540	...	...
5 rooms	890	...	...	4,965	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	2,500	...	...
7 rooms	635	...	...	2,500	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,290	...	...	4,985	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,020	...	...	25,350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Suitable	5,860	...	...	24,855	...	...
Not suitable	190	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,055	...	...	25,485	...	...
1960 or before	2,590	...	...	6,720	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,575	...	...	8,520	...	...
1981 to 1990	565	...	...	3,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	460	...	...	2,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	225	...	...	1,190	...	...
2006 to 2010	410	...	...	1,590	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	225	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,485	...	...	24,215	...	...
Major repairs needed	565	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,050	...	...	25,485	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,250	...	...	16,995	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,755	...	...	8,295	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,050	...	...	25,480	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	1,270	...	...
25 to 34 years	785	...	...	3,430	...	...
35 to 44 years	825	...	...	3,700	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,020	...	...	4,415	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,185	...	...	5,455	...	...
65 to 74 years	990	...	...	4,300	...	...
75 to 84 years	705	...	...	2,240	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...	675	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,050	...	...	25,340	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,075	...	...	19,930	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,970	...	...	5,410	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,755	...	...	5,015	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,665	...	...	12,860	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.7	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.8	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	863	...	...	921	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	955	...	...	961	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,189	...	...	239,918	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,668	...	...	254,336	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,385	...	...	12,485	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.1	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	31.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	729	...	...	648	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	777	...	...	671	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,445	23,205
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,050	1,010	1,050	11,285	5,790	5,495
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,925	1,490	1,440	10,845	4,960	5,885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,155	2,115	3,035	22,510	10,690	11,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735	460	280	7,915	4,515	3,400
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	490	270	220	5,715	2,855	2,865
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	245	195	55	2,200	1,660	540
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,120	660	1,455	7,755	3,175	4,580
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	85	130	1,515	590	920
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,085	910	1,180	5,330	2,415	2,920
Bachelor's degree	1,350	575	775	3,510	1,515	1,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	50	85	485	205	280
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	270	125	145
Master's degree	510	235	275	955	480	480
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	15	105	85	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,025	2,775	3,250	27,865	13,735	14,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	785	425	365	5,235	3,025	2,210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,770	965	805	6,130	2,950	3,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	1,395	2,070	16,505	7,760	8,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	430	285	145	5,945	3,320	2,630
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	300	165	130	4,365	2,120	2,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	115	15	1,580	1,200	385
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,465	470	995	5,445	2,245	3,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	45	70	1,010	420	590
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,455	600	855	4,105	1,775	2,325
Bachelor's degree	950	415	535	2,685	1,135	1,545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	30	65	390	140	245
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	30	215	85	125
Master's degree	345	135	210	735	345	395
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	15	85	65	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,445	23,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,980	2,490	2,490	22,130	10,750	11,380
Education	585	180	405	1,815	415	1,395
13. Education	585	185	405	1,815	415	1,400
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	60	65	655	325	325
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	145	120	25
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	60	510	205	305
Humanities	270	125	155	1,135	510	620
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	30	80	20	60
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	40	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30	765	345	420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	50	35	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	50	25	20
54. History	80	55	20	55	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	130	40	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	115	430	1,600	450	1,155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	150	70	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	10	185	610	80	530
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	65	300	120	175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	90	10	80
42. Psychology	105	10	90	230	30	200
45. Social sciences	130	65	60	220	140	80
Business, management and public administration	1,115	305	810	4,995	1,700	3,295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	40	75	185	15	175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,000	270	730	4,805	1,685	3,120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	95	95	675	350	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	340	140	200
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	80	60	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	120	55	65
40. Physical sciences	60	50	10	100	80	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	30	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	125	85	605	425	175
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	95	65	525	380	145
25. Library science	20	0	20	35	20	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	35	30	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	685	630	55	4,410	4,100	310
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	15	120	85	35
14. Engineering	80	70	10	320	255	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	115	10	800	695	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	155	0	1,335	1,305	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	205	0	930	895	30
48. Precision production	90	80	0	905	865	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	135	70	1,070	735	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	80	55	995	675	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	55	15	75	60	20
Health and related fields	860	140	725	3,685	750	2,935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	30	25	165	95	60
51. Health professions and related programs	790	95	695	3,490	625	2,860
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	30	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	360	200	155	1,865	920	945
12. Personal and culinary services	200	70	135	1,215	340	870
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	65	45	20	330	265	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	60	10	320	305	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,025	2,780	3,245	27,870	13,735	14,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,560	1,385	1,175	11,360	5,975	5,385
Education	360	110	245	1,050	235	815
13. Education	355	110	250	1,045	235	815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	55	475	230	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	120	100	20
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	50	355	130	225
Humanities	175	75	95	685	305	380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	65	20	50
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	15	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	20	20	430	195	240
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	25	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	20	15	10
54. History	55	40	15	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	105	40	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	85	335	1,250	315	935
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	125	60	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145	495	55	440
22. Legal professions and studies	70	10	60	215	65	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	10	55
42. Psychology	75	10	70	175	15	165
45. Social sciences	95	50	45	165	110	55
Business, management and public administration	725	195	530	3,845	1,230	2,615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	30	60	125	15	110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	630	165	465	3,720	1,215	2,505
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	65	80	465	230	235
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	280	110	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	25	50	35	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	85	70	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	30	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	60	515	370	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	80	45	465	350	120
25. Library science	15	0	10	25	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	430	385	50	3,275	3,020	260
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	105	80	30
14. Engineering	60	45	15	260	205	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	65	10	640	545	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	940	915	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	105	10	685	655	30
48. Precision production	50	45	10	645	615	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	90	50	885	585	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	50	40	815	535	280
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	70	55	15
Health and related fields	580	110	475	2,605	520	2,085
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	20	15	140	75	60
51. Health professions and related programs	530	70	455	2,440	425	2,010
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	30	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	150	100	1,455	720	735
12. Personal and culinary services	130	55	75	930	260	675
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	20	235	180	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	285	275	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,130	4,610	5,525	44,645	21,445	23,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,495	2,490	22,130	10,745	11,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,150	2,115	3,040	22,515	10,695	11,820
Location of study inside Canada	4,830	1,960	2,870	21,500	10,110	11,395
Same as province or territory of residence	3,675	1,365	2,310	21,305	9,995	11,310
Different than province or territory of residence	1,150	595	560	200	115	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	325	155	170	1,010	580	425
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	60	40	70	50	20
Philippines	50	15	35	10	0	10
India	20	15	10	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	30	10	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	20	10
France	0	0	0	185	120	65
Other	105	30	75	695	380	315
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,025	2,780	3,245	27,870	13,740	14,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,560	1,385	1,175	11,365	5,975	5,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,470	1,390	2,075	16,505	7,760	8,745
Location of study inside Canada	3,250	1,315	1,935	15,590	7,240	8,340
Same as province or territory of residence	2,505	935	1,570	15,455	7,165	8,290
Different than province or territory of residence	745	380	370	130	80	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	215	80	135	915	515	400
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	20	40	35	20	10
Philippines	35	15	25	10	0	10
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	15	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	30	15	10
France	0	10	0	165	110	55
Other	80	20	60	660	350	305
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,130	4,610	5,525	44,645	21,440	23,200
In the labour force	5,755	2,795	2,965	27,690	14,280	13,410
Employed	5,150	2,455	2,695	25,990	13,320	12,670
Unemployed	610	340	265	1,695	955	740
Not in the labour force	4,375	1,815	2,565	16,955	7,165	9,790
Participation rate	56.8	60.6	53.7	62.0	66.6	57.8
Employment rate	50.8	53.3	48.8	58.2	62.1	54.6
Unemployment rate	10.6	12.2	8.9	6.1	6.7	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,135	4,605	5,525	44,645	21,445	23,205
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,080	1,680	2,400	15,915	6,630	9,290
Worked	6,050	2,925	3,125	28,730	14,815	13,915
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,080	1,550	1,525	13,860	7,595	6,265
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,970	1,375	1,600	14,865	7,220	7,645
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.6	41.6	42.9	43.2	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,755	2,795	2,960	27,690	14,280	13,415
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	595	325	270
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,715	2,890	27,095	13,950	13,140
Employee	5,150	2,465	2,685	24,220	12,265	11,955
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	460	255	205	2,880	1,690	1,190
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,755	2,795	2,965	27,690	14,275	13,415
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	595	325	270
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,720	2,890	27,095	13,955	13,140
0 Management occupations	465	245	220	2,245	1,445	795
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	695	255	440	3,840	1,195	2,650
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	270	225	45	1,350	915	430
3 Health occupations	465	75	390	2,195	315	1,885
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	810	255	555	2,660	715	1,945
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	35	90	525	260	260
6 Sales and service occupations	1,655	715	945	6,650	2,705	3,940
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	605	575	25	4,120	3,985	140
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	100	10	575	420	160
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	405	240	170	2,940	1,995	945
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,755	2,790	2,960	27,690	14,280	13,415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	75	70	595	325	270
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,720	2,890	27,095	13,955	13,140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	60	25	845	580	270
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	45	45	0
22 Utilities	20	0	10	145	90	55
23 Construction	255	215	35	1,570	1,410	155
31-33 Manufacturing	580	380	200	4,985	3,460	1,530
41 Wholesale trade	200	145	55	1,220	905	315
44-45 Retail trade	860	375	480	3,340	1,555	1,785
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	210	175	40	1,005	870	140
51 Information and cultural industries	80	55	25	290	155	130
52 Finance and insurance	125	75	50	1,200	410	790
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	30	20	275	170	100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	255	120	130	1,280	580	695
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	145	80	895	545	350
61 Educational services	460	165	300	1,810	520	1,290
62 Health care and social assistance	815	150	665	3,515	595	2,920
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	60	65	380	180	200
72 Accommodation and food services	570	225	345	1,790	660	1,125
81 Other services (except public administration)	265	115	145	1,530	640	885
91 Public administration	410	205	210	980	575	400
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,150	2,450	2,695	25,990	13,320	12,670
Worked at home	295	145	150	1,420	630	790
Worked outside Canada	10	15	0	40	35	10
No fixed workplace address	425	300	130	1,985	1,580	410
Worked at usual place	4,410	1,995	2,420	22,545	11,075	11,465
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,410	1,995	2,420	22,540	11,080	11,470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,940	1,195	1,750	16,435	7,485	8,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	985	520	470	1,455	935	520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	420	245	175	4,645	2,645	2,000
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	25	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,840	2,295	2,545	24,530	12,655	11,875
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,545	1,745	1,800	20,515	10,785	9,730
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	510	200	310	930	370	560
Public transit	40	20	20	475	240	240
Walked	655	275	375	2,000	860	1,145
Bicycle	40	30	0	375	285	85
Other method	60	20	40	235	120	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,840	2,295	2,545	24,530	12,655	11,875
Less than 15 minutes	3,175	1,350	1,830	12,375	5,830	6,545
15 to 29 minutes	930	475	460	6,990	3,585	3,405
30 to 44 minutes	285	175	105	2,720	1,640	1,085
45 to 59 minutes	195	140	50	1,285	805	485
60 minutes and over	250	155	95	1,160	795	360
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,835	2,295	2,545	24,530	12,655	11,870
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	125	105	1,480	1,165	310
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	765	350	420	5,015	3,220	1,790
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,430	780	645	7,470	3,335	4,140
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,010	350	660	4,115	1,590	2,520
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	525	210	325	1,940	725	1,215
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	870	480	395	4,505	2,620	1,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,255	3,030	3,230	29,535	15,120	14,420
Single responses	6,235	3,010	3,220	28,885	14,775	14,115
Official languages	6,230	3,010	3,220	28,845	14,745	14,095
English	6,170	2,995	3,170	385	265	115
French	60	10	50	28,460	14,485	13,980
Non-official languages	0	10	0	45	25	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	40	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	0	650	345	305
English and French	15	10	10	580	325	255
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	15	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,255	3,025	3,230	29,540	15,120	14,420
None	6,105	2,965	3,140	25,010	12,620	12,390
English	45	10	35	4,035	2,210	1,830
French	100	45	55	275	190	80
Non-official language	10	0	0	170	95	70
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	160	95	70
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	0	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	11,620	5,365	6,250	52,000	25,120	26,875
Non-movers	9,425	4,260	5,170	44,310	21,415	22,895
Movers	2,190	1,110	1,080	7,690	3,710	3,985
Non-migrants	1,330	655	675	5,075	2,525	2,550
Migrants	860	450	410	2,615	1,190	1,430
Internal migrants	800	415	390	2,380	1,060	1,325
Intraprovincial migrants	560	290	270	2,325	1,035	1,290
Interprovincial migrants	240	120	120	60	25	35
External migrants	60	45	20	235	130	110
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,160	5,125	6,035	49,850	24,115	25,735
Non-movers	6,035	2,745	3,290	29,680	14,480	15,200
Movers	5,130	2,380	2,745	20,170	9,635	10,535
Non-migrants	2,895	1,350	1,545	11,980	5,770	6,210
Migrants	2,230	1,025	1,205	8,190	3,870	4,320
Internal migrants	1,975	900	1,075	7,015	3,270	3,745
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385	625	760	6,905	3,215	3,695
Interprovincial migrants	590	270	315	110	60	55
External migrants	255	130	130	1,175	600	580

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Truro, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saint-Hyacinthe, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec