Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cumberland, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]			Valcourt Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Map : Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	30,005	...	...	1,806	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	31,353	...	...	2,003^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.3	...	...	-9.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	18,445	...	...	904	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,614	...	...	822	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.0	...	...	683.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,277.86	...	...	2.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	30,005	14,570	15,435	1,805	915	890
0 to 14 years	3,965	1,985	1,985	290	155	140
0 to 4 years	1,145	565	580	75	45	35
5 to 9 years	1,370	690	680	95	45	55
10 to 14 years	1,450	725	725	125	75	50
15 to 64 years	18,315	9,000	9,315	1,110	570	540
15 to 19 years	1,610	860	755	100	45	50
20 to 24 years	1,340	675	665	85	50	35
25 to 29 years	1,245	595	655	85	45	40
30 to 34 years	1,290	625	670	75	40	35
35 to 39 years	1,405	670	735	110	55	60
40 to 44 years	1,730	840	890	130	75	50
45 to 49 years	1,950	945	1,005	100	45	55
50 to 54 years	2,455	1,200	1,255	150	75	75
55 to 59 years	2,600	1,250	1,345	165	85	80
60 to 64 years	2,695	1,345	1,350	125	60	65
65 years and over	7,720	3,590	4,135	395	185	210
65 to 69 years	2,600	1,280	1,325	145	80	60
70 to 74 years	1,805	900	905	105	50	50
75 to 79 years	1,425	690	740	60	20	40
80 to 84 years	890	375	520	50	25	25
85 years and over	990	345	645	40	10	30
85 to 89 years	590	220	365	30	10	20
90 to 94 years	285	95	185	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	100	25	80	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	13.6	12.9	16.1	16.9	15.7
15 to 64 years	61.0	61.8	60.3	61.5	62.3	60.7
65 years and over	25.7	24.6	26.8	21.9	20.2	23.6
85 years and over	3.3	2.4	4.2	2.2	1.1	3.4
Average age of the population	47.0	46.3	47.8	44.0	42.8	45.1
Median age of the population	51.1	50.5	51.5	46.7	44.6	48.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,615	...	...	825	...	...
Single-detached house	10,340	...	...	465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,415	...	...	355	...	...
Semi-detached house	315	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	330	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	500	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,185	...	...	290	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	860	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
1 person	4,295	...	...	290	...	...
2 persons	5,680	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	1,850	...	...	95	...	...
4 persons	1,160	...	...	85	...	...
5 or more persons	625	...	...	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	29,220	...	...	1,765	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,035	12,585	13,450	1,510	760	750
Married or living common law	15,285	7,655	7,630	880	440	435
Married	12,360	6,195	6,170	545	275	275
Living common law	2,920	1,455	1,465	335	165	165
Not married and not living common law	10,750	4,930	5,820	630	320	310
Never married	5,770	3,160	2,605	405	230	175
Separated	850	395	455	15	10	5
Divorced	1,810	810	1,000	110	55	55
Widowed	2,325	570	1,755	105	25	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,100	...	...	520	...	...
2 persons	5,800	...	...	295	...	...
3 persons	1,740	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	1,065	...	...	85	...	...
5 or more persons	495	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,100	...	...	520	...	...
Total couple families	7,535	...	...	430	...	...
Married couples	6,075	...	...	265	...	...
Common-law couples	1,460	...	...	165	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,565	...	...	85	...	...
Female parent	1,235	...	...	45	...	...
Male parent	330	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,535	...	...	435	...	...
Couples without children	4,800	...	...	240	...	...
Couples with children	2,730	...	...	190	...	...
1 child	1,330	...	...	70	...	...
2 children	945	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,565	...	...	85	...	...
1 child	995	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	415	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,515	2,520	2,995	325	170	155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
One-census-family households	8,820	...	...	520	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,700	...	...	245	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,115	...	...	275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	140	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,655	...	...	300	...	...
One-person households	4,300	...	...	290	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	360	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	29,305	14,195	15,110	1,800	915	890
English only	27,855	13,575	14,285	0	0	0
French only	0	0	5	1,235	590	645
English and French	1,405	600	805	570	330	240
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	29,305	14,195	15,110	1,805	915	890
English	28,960	14,015	14,945	35	20	20
French	290	150	140	1,765	900	865
English and French	15	5	10	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	35	25	15	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	295	155	140	40	15	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.1	0.9	2.2	1.6	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	29,305	14,195	15,110	1,805	915	885
Single responses	29,210	14,155	15,060	1,795	910	885
Official languages	28,750	13,935	14,815	1,775	895	875
English	28,415	13,760	14,655	35	15	20
French	340	175	165	1,740	880	860
Non-official languages	460	215	245	15	10	5
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	450	210	240	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	335	155	175	5	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	105	95	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	35	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	125	65	60	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	30	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	40	50	10	10	5
English and French	50	25	25	10	5	5
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	29,305	14,195	15,110	1,800	915	890
Single responses	29,180	14,140	15,040	1,800	915	880
Official languages	29,000	14,045	14,955	1,795	910	880
English	28,955	14,025	14,930	30	15	20
French	50	25	20	1,760	895	865
Non-official languages	180	90	85	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	95	80	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	40	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	55	70	10	5	5
English and French	20	5	15	5	0	5
English and non-official language	100	45	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	29,305	14,195	15,110	1,805	915	885
None	28,805	13,970	14,835	1,685	845	840
English	80	35	45	85	55	30
French	245	105	140	25	10	15
Non-official language	170	80	90	10	5	0
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	160	75	90	5	5	5
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,260	12,180	13,075	1,475	750	720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,265	11,720	12,545	1,425	730	695
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,622	32,717	23,888	36,078	43,520	29,547
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,275	11,720	12,555	1,425	735	695
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,415	29,419	22,549	31,979	37,952	26,704
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,180	10,070	10,110	1,300	690	610
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,196	29,764	21,589	32,533	41,344	25,382
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,390	8,870	10,515	1,030	470	560
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,348	10,118	8,742	8,309	8,192	8,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,610	7,940	7,675	1,075	590	480
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,444	29,202	23,036	35,621	45,611	29,376
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	25,260	12,165	13,090	1,490	740	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,305	11,720	12,585	1,435	715	720
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,947	44,196	30,198	42,626	51,642	33,647
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,320	11,720	12,605	1,435	715	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,690	35,522	26,196	35,140	41,572	28,736
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,215	10,030	10,185	1,305	680	625
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,083	42,578	27,700	39,976	48,479	30,711
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,445	8,900	10,550	1,000	455	545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,709	10,208	9,289	9,042	8,828	9,221
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,610	7,880	7,735	1,065	575	490
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,623	42,663	28,451	41,290	49,250	31,942
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	25,255	12,165	13,090	1,490	745	750
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,360	3,815	3,545	485	285	200
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,416	45,274	38,441	55,035	62,006	40,653
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,826	64,345	42,484	59,772	68,538	47,030
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.0	81.1	74.2	84.8	88.6	78.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.0	62.2	57.2	70.1	74.0	64.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.0	18.9	25.8	15.4	11.7	21.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	25,255	12,180	13,075	1,475	750	725
Without total income	990	460	530	45	15	30
With total income	24,265	11,720	12,550	1,425	730	690
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	96.0	96.6	97.3	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,405	1,410	1,995	135	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	5,310	2,110	3,205	215	75	145
$20,000 to $29,999	4,290	1,865	2,420	215	95	120
$30,000 to $39,999	3,425	1,670	1,750	225	125	100
$40,000 to $49,999	2,700	1,475	1,230	145	75	65
$50,000 to $59,999	1,685	1,020	665	165	100	70
$60,000 to $69,999	1,050	665	385	125	80	45
$70,000 to $79,999	830	510	320	60	35	25
$80,000 to $89,999	570	305	265	50	35	15
$90,000 to $99,999	330	205	125	30	25	5
$100,000 and over	670	490	180	60	50	15
$100,000 to $149,999	485	350	135	55	45	15
$150,000 and over	180	140	40	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,260	12,185	13,080	1,470	750	725
Without after-tax income	980	460	520	50	15	30
With after-tax income	24,280	11,720	12,560	1,425	730	695
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	96.0	96.9	97.3	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,545	1,435	2,105	140	55	90
$10,000 to $19,999	5,610	2,260	3,350	225	75	150
$20,000 to $29,999	5,115	2,300	2,810	275	120	155
$30,000 to $39,999	4,110	2,100	2,015	255	140	120
$40,000 to $49,999	2,525	1,505	1,020	225	145	80
$50,000 to $59,999	1,435	895	535	145	85	60
$60,000 to $69,999	920	510	410	75	50	20
$70,000 to $79,999	445	280	165	30	25	10
$80,000 and over	580	435	150	55	45	5
$80,000 to $89,999	225	150	65	25	20	0
$90,000 to $99,999	120	90	30	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	240	190	50	15	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	25,255	12,180	13,075	1,475	750	725
Without employment income	9,650	4,245	5,400	395	155	240
With employment income	15,610	7,940	7,675	1,075	590	485
Percentage with employment income	61.8	65.2	58.7	72.9	78.7	66.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,660	1,350	1,305	180	100	80
$5,000 to $9,999	1,455	615	835	60	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	2,380	1,095	1,290	120	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	2,225	975	1,250	105	45	65
$30,000 to $39,999	1,960	925	1,035	125	50	70
$40,000 to $49,999	1,580	855	725	90	40	50
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	645	385	140	95	45
$60,000 to $69,999	645	430	215	100	70	35
$70,000 to $79,999	605	365	235	50	30	20
$80,000 and over	1,070	680	395	105	90	15
$80,000 to $89,999	460	220	240	35	30	5
$90,000 to $99,999	200	135	65	25	15	0
$100,000 and over	415	325	95	45	40	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,883	...	...	61,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,168	...	...	52,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,300	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,709	...	...	34,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,616	...	...	31,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,315	...	...	530	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,035	...	...	81,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,177	...	...	69,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,966	...	...	74,453	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,829	...	...	61,379	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,290	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,626	...	...	36,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,891	...	...	31,228	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,320	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,233	...	...	93,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,689	...	...	76,916	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,615	...	...	825	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	290	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	485	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,010	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	900	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	805	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	915	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	795	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	770	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	700	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,265	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,115	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	890	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	605	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,225	...	...	200	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	995	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	560	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	450	...	...	50	...	...
$200,000 and over	220	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	290	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	505	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,060	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,000	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	915	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,035	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	970	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	845	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	850	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,455	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,175	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	865	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,305	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	735	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	245	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,055	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,805	...	...	82,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	56,937	...	...	70,272	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,600	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,672	...	...	67,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,208	...	...	58,720	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,780	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,046	...	...	121,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,272	...	...	98,133	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,465	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,582	...	...	62,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,215	...	...	52,160	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,060	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,292	...	...	94,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,641	...	...	77,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,590	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,977	...	...	81,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,721	...	...	66,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,795	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,813	...	...	132,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,968	...	...	107,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,465	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,047	...	...	54,701	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,660	...	...	48,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,040	2,320	2,720	315	165	150
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,581	27,410	22,990	33,664	42,432	29,888
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,395	25,088	22,168	30,176	35,200	26,560
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,055	2,305	2,750	300	165	135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,160	32,358	28,320	36,110	41,678	29,338
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,426	27,857	25,227	30,709	34,486	26,115
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	29,225	14,160	15,060	1,765	905	860
In the bottom half of the distribution	19,660	9,295	10,365	930	445	485
In the bottom decile	3,710	1,725	1,985	110	50	60
In the second decile	5,040	2,240	2,800	140	50	85
In the third decile	4,070	1,970	2,095	225	105	115
In the fourth decile	3,710	1,805	1,905	255	135	120
In the fifth decile	3,140	1,560	1,580	205	100	105
In the top half of the distribution	9,560	4,865	4,695	835	460	375
In the sixth decile	3,025	1,535	1,490	240	135	105
In the seventh decile	2,360	1,190	1,165	205	120	90
In the eighth decile	1,955	995	965	175	90	85
In the ninth decile	1,385	700	685	165	90	75
In the top decile	840	450	390	45	20	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	29,225	14,165	15,060	1,765	905	860
0 to 17 years	4,950	2,485	2,465	355	180	180
0 to 5 years	1,385	680	705	95	50	45
18 to 64 years	16,985	8,225	8,765	1,050	545	500
65 years and over	7,285	3,450	3,830	355	175	185
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,670	3,000	3,670	185	75	110
0 to 17 years	1,540	765	775	35	10	25
0 to 5 years	530	255	275	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	3,330	1,515	1,810	105	45	65
65 years and over	1,800	720	1,085	50	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.8	21.2	24.4	10.5	8.3	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	31.1	30.8	31.4	9.9	5.6	13.9
0 to 5 years (%)	38.3	37.5	39.0	10.5	10.0	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	19.6	18.4	20.7	10.0	8.3	13.0
65 years and over (%)	24.7	20.9	28.3	14.1	11.4	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,185	1,055	1,130	80	35	40
0 to 17 years	555	280	270	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	195	90	105	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	1,510	720	785	60	30	25
65 years and over	125	60	65	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.5	7.4	7.5	4.5	3.9	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.3	11.0	4.2	2.8	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	13.2	14.9	5.3	10.0	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	8.8	9.0	5.7	5.5	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.4	2.9	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,785	905	880
Official languages	29,160	14,125	15,035	1,785	910	875
English	29,160	14,120	15,035	495	285	205
French	1,355	580	780	1,780	905	875
Non-official languages	725	370	360	45	20	30
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	720	370	345	50	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	15	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	45	35	15	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	30	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	255	205	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	230	135	100	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	70	35	45	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	95	65	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	65	70	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Spanish	120	65	55	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	40	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,785	905	875
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	28,875	14,005	14,865	1,765	900	865
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,960	2,530	2,430	375	200	180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,915	11,475	12,435	1,390	700	685
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	345	155	195	20	10	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,785	910	880
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	28,340	13,755	14,585	1,750	895	860
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	840	385	460	35	10	25
Before 1981	415	200	210	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	120	55	65	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	70	30	35	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	155	70	80	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	45	20	30	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	110	55	55	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	85	30	60	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	845	385	460	35	15	20
Under 5 years	95	55	45	0	0	10
5 to 14 years	145	70	75	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	160	70	85	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	340	145	190	30	15	20
45 years and over	110	45	60	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	840	385	460	35	10	20
Americas	185	75	110	10	0	0
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	60	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	15	10	0	10
Europe	500	245	255	15	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	55	20	30	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	70	40	35	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	15	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	280	120	155	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	30	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	15	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	135	50	80	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	25	60	10	10	10
Americas	15	0	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	15	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	45	15	30	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	29,225	14,160	15,060	1,785	905	880
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	955	440	520	35	10	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,635	730	910	40	30	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	26,625	12,995	13,630	1,705	865	845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	440	190	250	30	10	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	205	85	120	20	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	105	65	40	15	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	100	25	75	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	175	80	105	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,785	905	880
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	895	400	500	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	875	385	490	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	425	175	255	0	0	0
Métis	440	210	230	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	28,325	13,760	14,560	1,785	910	870
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	29,220	14,165	15,060	1,785	910	880
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	230	85	150	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,985	14,080	14,915	1,785	905	875
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,780	905	880
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	145	65	80	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	140	60	80	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	125	60	60	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	15	0	20	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,390	620	770	40	20	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,385	620	765	40	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	980	420	560	40	15	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	390	190	195	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	27,685	13,470	14,210	1,730	890	845
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	29,220	14,165	15,060	1,785	910	880
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	790	335	455	20	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese	55	15	40	0	0	0
Black	435	185	245	10	0	0
Filipino	40	10	30	0	0	0
Latin American	45	35	10	0	0	0
Arab	70	40	30	20	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,430	13,825	14,610	1,760	895	870
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	29,220	14,160	15,060	1,785	905	880
North American Aboriginal origins	1,540	690	850	55	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,110	490	625	50	15	30
Inuit	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	410	190	220	0	0	10
Other North American origins	15,515	7,500	8,015	1,440	745	695
Acadian	530	270	260	0	0	0
American	130	45	85	0	0	0
Canadian	14,990	7,230	7,765	1,405	720	680
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	50	40	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	19,165	9,200	9,960	600	290	305
British Isles origins	16,595	7,935	8,660	125	60	65
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	9,845	4,620	5,230	40	25	20
Irish	5,700	2,635	3,065	95	45	50
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,205	3,905	4,305	0	0	0
Welsh	415	175	235	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	530	240	290	0	0	0
French origins	4,635	2,210	2,425	465	220	245
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,635	2,215	2,420	460	220	245
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,585	1,095	1,490	15	10	10
Austrian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Dutch	660	250	415	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,865	810	1,055	10	10	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	60	25	35	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	415	170	255	0	0	0
Danish	115	40	75	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	15	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	115	70	50	0	0	0
Swedish	110	40	70	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	550	300	255	10	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	190	110	80	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	10	10	10	10
Russian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	370	165	210	50	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	20	10	10
Italian	160	70	100	35	15	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	35	50	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	40	10	25	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	90	55	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	30	15	10	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	255	130	125	15	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	10	10	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	250	130	125	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	215	105	110	0	0	0
Asian origins	405	160	250	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	165	80	85	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	115	60	50	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	75	40	40	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	170	45	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	15	50	0	0	0
Filipino	35	10	35	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	10	20	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
Owner	10,390	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	3,225	...	...	335	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
Condominium	155	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	13,455	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,480	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,875	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,405	...	...	350	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,845	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,630	...	...	210	...	...
5 rooms	2,435	...	...	170	...	...
6 rooms	2,595	...	...	95	...	...
7 rooms	2,000	...	...	110	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,960	...	...	235	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,585	...	...	820	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
Suitable	13,315	...	...	815	...	...
Not suitable	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
1960 or before	6,015	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,350	...	...	410	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,590	...	...	120	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,220	...	...	80	...	...
2001 to 2005	445	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	600	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	400	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,925	...	...	800	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,695	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,610	...	...	820	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,610	...	...	575	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,905	...	...	245	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	95	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,615	...	...	820	...	...
15 to 24 years	290	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,270	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,660	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,450	...	...	140	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,995	...	...	200	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,770	...	...	170	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,530	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	635	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,285	...	...	820	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,645	...	...	735	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,635	...	...	90	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,385	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,095	...	...	490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.8	...	...	45.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.6	...	...	4.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	626	...	...	505	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	741	...	...	767	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	118,143	...	...	180,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	145,838	...	...	193,682	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,215	...	...	330	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.7	...	...	20.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.6	...	...	21.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	675	...	...	578	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	688	...	...	562	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,260	12,165	13,095	1,490	740	750
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,195	3,400	2,795	330	155	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,170	3,565	3,605	430	200	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,895	5,205	6,690	725	390	335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,535	1,750	785	290	185	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,530	910	615	240	150	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,005	835	170	50	35	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,105	2,100	4,005	260	155	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	200	265	35	10	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,795	1,155	1,640	145	35	105
Bachelor's degree	1,980	830	1,150	110	30	80
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	30	130	10	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	45	35	10	0	10
Master's degree	540	225	310	20	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,110	7,230	7,875	980	490	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,375	1,485	895	110	50	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,485	2,260	2,230	290	140	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,240	3,485	4,755	575	300	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,615	1,070	545	235	145	95
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	995	570	420	200	115	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	620	495	125	35	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,375	1,555	2,820	195	125	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	120	120	25	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,025	745	1,275	120	25	95
Bachelor's degree	1,455	560	900	95	20	80
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	15	100	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	15	30	10	0	0
Master's degree	380	145	235	15	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,260	12,165	13,090	1,490	740	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,365	6,960	6,400	765	355	415
Education	1,045	270	770	55	0	60
13. Education	1,045	270	770	60	0	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	65	95	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	100	15	10	10
Humanities	320	130	190	30	10	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	90	30	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	30	45	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	20	0	0	0
54. History	50	20	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	940	245	690	25	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	25	20	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	25	260	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	190	55	135	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	195	20	175	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	205	125	80	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,685	570	2,120	160	65	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	40	165	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,465	525	1,935	155	60	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	110	125	20	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	20	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	35	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	130	125	35	30	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	115	115	35	35	0
25. Library science	20	10	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,665	2,585	85	255	235	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	160	135	25	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	445	410	35	90	80	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	685	680	10	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	895	885	10	55	55	0
48. Precision production	465	465	10	65	55	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	275	65	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	105	60	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	170	10	10	10	0
Health and related fields	2,210	270	1,940	80	10	65
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	45	70	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,070	220	1,850	75	15	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,050	555	495	30	10	25
12. Personal and culinary services	550	95	455	30	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	200	165	30	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	255	10	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,110	7,230	7,880	980	485	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,865	3,745	3,125	405	185	225
Education	610	155	450	45	0	45
13. Education	610	155	450	45	0	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	60	70	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	40	70	10	10	10
Humanities	245	105	145	20	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	25	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	35	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	0	0	0
54. History	40	20	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	780	190	585	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	20	225	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	140	30	110	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	160	15	150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	180	100	70	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,815	405	1,410	130	45	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	25	140	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,635	375	1,255	120	45	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	60	85	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	10	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	120	80	35	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	100	70	35	35	0
25. Library science	15	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,735	1,670	60	195	175	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	90	65	20	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	265	245	25	75	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	500	495	10	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	610	15	30	30	0
48. Precision production	250	240	0	45	40	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	185	45	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	55	35	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	125	0	0	10	0
Health and related fields	1,615	185	1,425	60	0	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	30	45	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,530	160	1,375	55	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	750	350	390	25	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	425	65	360	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	95	30	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	175	10	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,260	12,165	13,090	1,490	740	745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,365	6,960	6,400	765	355	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,895	5,205	6,690	725	390	340
Location of study inside Canada	11,375	4,955	6,420	710	375	330
Same as province or territory of residence	8,285	3,450	4,835	710	380	335
Different than province or territory of residence	3,095	1,510	1,590	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	515	250	270	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	195	100	90	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	115	55	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	180	75	105	10	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,105	7,230	7,875	980	485	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,870	3,745	3,120	405	190	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,240	3,485	4,760	575	300	275
Location of study inside Canada	7,945	3,355	4,585	560	290	270
Same as province or territory of residence	5,760	2,290	3,470	555	290	265
Different than province or territory of residence	2,185	1,070	1,115	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	300	130	170	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	35	40	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	35	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	135	50	90	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	25,260	12,165	13,095	1,490	740	750
In the labour force	13,645	6,930	6,720	880	470	410
Employed	12,100	5,905	6,190	850	455	400
Unemployed	1,550	1,025	525	30	15	15
Not in the labour force	11,610	5,235	6,375	610	275	335
Participation rate	54.0	57.0	51.3	59.1	63.5	54.7
Employment rate	47.9	48.5	47.3	57.0	61.5	53.3
Unemployment rate	11.4	14.8	7.8	3.4	3.2	3.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	25,255	12,165	13,095	1,490	740	750
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,595	4,750	5,850	545	230	310
Worked	14,665	7,420	7,245	945	505	435
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,545	3,945	3,600	490	295	200
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,120	3,470	3,645	455	210	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	40.9	41.4	44.6	46.0	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	13,645	6,930	6,715	880	465	410
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	265	155	105	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,385	6,775	6,610	875	470	405
Employee	11,775	5,730	6,045	780	415	360
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,610	1,045	565	90	55	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	13,645	6,930	6,715	880	470	410
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	265	155	105	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,385	6,775	6,615	875	465	405
0 Management occupations	1,280	755	525	95	65	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,630	340	1,290	140	40	95
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	450	360	90	75	65	10
3 Health occupations	1,220	140	1,075	35	0	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,525	500	1,025	70	0	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200	85	120	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,115	1,155	1,955	150	55	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,220	2,120	100	165	155	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	725	635	90	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,025	680	350	135	80	50
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	13,650	6,930	6,715	880	470	415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	265	155	105	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,385	6,770	6,615	870	465	400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	925	715	210	15	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	225	205	20	0	0	0
22 Utilities	15	10	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	980	865	120	50	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,860	1,310	555	350	260	90
41 Wholesale trade	345	230	110	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,710	710	1,005	105	35	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	380	315	70	35	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	130	85	45	15	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	235	70	165	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	75	55	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	365	165	200	65	45	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	550	285	260	30	10	20
61 Educational services	775	245	530	40	0	40
62 Health care and social assistance	2,170	285	1,880	55	0	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	260	120	135	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	855	270	585	40	10	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	435	245	190	25	10	10
91 Public administration	1,035	570	470	30	10	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	12,095	5,905	6,190	850	455	395
Worked at home	965	530	430	40	10	25
Worked outside Canada	20	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,295	960	340	45	40	0
Worked at usual place	9,815	4,405	5,410	770	400	365
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,815	4,405	5,410	770	400	365
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,755	2,135	2,615	395	220	175
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,820	1,620	2,195	175	90	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	580	280	300	195	90	100
Commute to a different province or territory	665	365	300	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,115	5,360	5,750	815	445	375
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,405	4,600	4,805	580	310	275
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	875	385	485	25	10	20
Public transit	60	35	25	0	0	0
Walked	590	240	350	180	100	80
Bicycle	25	25	0	25	20	0
Other method	160	85	75	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,115	5,360	5,750	815	445	370
Less than 15 minutes	5,785	2,540	3,250	525	290	230
15 to 29 minutes	2,740	1,410	1,330	120	50	70
30 to 44 minutes	1,470	700	770	105	65	45
45 to 59 minutes	450	230	225	50	25	25
60 minutes and over	665	480	180	15	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,115	5,365	5,750	815	445	370
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	915	625	290	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,480	1,290	1,190	235	180	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,270	1,665	1,610	300	135	170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,255	775	1,475	125	40	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	760	275	485	55	20	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,435	730	705	85	45	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	15,045	7,600	7,445	970	520	450
Single responses	14,995	7,570	7,425	940	495	445
Official languages	14,960	7,545	7,420	940	495	445
English	14,935	7,535	7,395	20	10	10
French	30	10	20	925	490	435
Non-official languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	30	20	30	25	10
English and French	25	15	10	30	25	10
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	15,045	7,600	7,445	970	520	450
None	14,800	7,495	7,310	780	395	385
English	30	15	20	185	125	60
French	180	80	100	15	0	10
Non-official language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	29,075	14,090	14,985	1,770	905	865
Non-movers	26,065	12,640	13,425	1,605	815	785
Movers	3,005	1,445	1,560	170	90	85
Non-migrants	1,840	900	940	80	40	40
Migrants	1,160	550	615	95	50	40
Internal migrants	1,100	515	590	90	50	40
Intraprovincial migrants	695	325	365	85	50	35
Interprovincial migrants	405	190	220	0	0	0
External migrants	65	35	30	10	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	28,065	13,595	14,470	1,710	870	835
Non-movers	19,720	9,700	10,020	1,250	625	625
Movers	8,345	3,895	4,450	455	245	210
Non-migrants	4,720	2,260	2,465	205	115	95
Migrants	3,625	1,635	1,990	250	130	115
Internal migrants	3,485	1,565	1,920	240	125	115
Intraprovincial migrants	2,060	900	1,165	245	125	115
Interprovincial migrants	1,425	665	755	0	0	0
External migrants	140	70	70	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cumberland, CTY [Census division], Nova Scotia and Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, County [Census division], Nova Scotia and Valcourt [Population centre], Quebec