Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cumberland, Subd. D, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Pembroke Ontario [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,155	...	...	23,269	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,266	...	...	24,017	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.6	...	...	-3.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,380	...	...	10,562	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,861	...	...	9,915	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	41.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,054.30	...	...	565.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,155	2,085	2,070	23,270	11,160	12,105
0 to 14 years	440	220	220	3,470	1,770	1,705
0 to 4 years	115	55	55	1,155	580	580
5 to 9 years	160	75	80	1,175	620	550
10 to 14 years	170	85	80	1,150	570	575
15 to 64 years	2,430	1,220	1,210	14,625	7,225	7,395
15 to 19 years	210	110	100	1,220	620	600
20 to 24 years	160	90	70	1,370	680	685
25 to 29 years	130	65	70	1,355	700	660
30 to 34 years	150	75	75	1,415	735	680
35 to 39 years	170	90	80	1,205	620	590
40 to 44 years	180	95	85	1,260	590	670
45 to 49 years	235	105	125	1,340	650	690
50 to 54 years	375	195	185	1,920	925	995
55 to 59 years	410	200	210	1,860	905	955
60 to 64 years	425	210	215	1,680	805	870
65 years and over	1,280	640	640	5,170	2,165	3,010
65 to 69 years	445	230	220	1,415	695	725
70 to 74 years	330	160	170	1,165	515	655
75 to 79 years	235	115	120	925	425	500
80 to 84 years	125	70	55	805	295	510
85 years and over	135	65	75	855	235	625
85 to 89 years	90	40	50	505	160	340
90 to 94 years	35	15	20	285	65	220
95 to 99 years	10	10	10	55	10	45
100 years and over	0	0	5	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.6	10.6	10.6	14.9	15.9	14.1
15 to 64 years	58.5	58.5	58.5	62.8	64.7	61.1
65 years and over	30.8	30.7	30.9	22.2	19.4	24.9
85 years and over	3.2	3.1	3.6	3.7	2.1	5.2
Average age of the population	50.4	50.1	50.7	44.3	42.5	46.0
Median age of the population	55.4	55.1	55.7	46.2	44.0	48.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Single-detached house	1,670	...	...	7,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	100	...	...	2,780	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	570	...	...
Row house	45	...	...	285	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	1,660	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
1 person	530	...	...	3,035	...	...
2 persons	885	...	...	3,750	...	...
3 persons	210	...	...	1,430	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...	1,125	...	...
5 or more persons	80	...	...	580	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,000	...	...	22,435	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,715	1,865	1,855	19,795	9,395	10,405
Married or living common law	2,330	1,160	1,165	11,280	5,640	5,635
Married	1,945	970	970	9,350	4,690	4,665
Living common law	380	190	195	1,925	960	970
Not married and not living common law	1,385	705	685	8,515	3,750	4,770
Never married	730	440	290	4,730	2,590	2,140
Separated	95	45	50	695	275	425
Divorced	245	125	120	1,335	550	780
Widowed	315	95	225	1,755	330	1,420
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,305	...	...	6,700	...	...
2 persons	905	...	...	3,865	...	...
3 persons	200	...	...	1,345	...	...
4 persons	145	...	...	1,060	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	435	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,305	...	...	6,700	...	...
Total couple families	1,145	...	...	5,515	...	...
Married couples	950	...	...	4,555	...	...
Common-law couples	190	...	...	960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	165	...	...	1,185	...	...
Female parent	130	...	...	910	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	5,515	...	...
Couples without children	795	...	...	3,110	...	...
Couples with children	345	...	...	2,405	...	...
1 child	160	...	...	1,025	...	...
2 children	130	...	...	975	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	1,185	...	...
1 child	105	...	...	755	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	315	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	690	345	350	4,120	1,895	2,230
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
One-census-family households	1,265	...	...	6,430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	780	...	...	3,005	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	485	...	...	3,425	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	575	...	...	3,350	...	...
One-person households	530	...	...	3,030	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	40	...	...	315	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,010	2,015	1,995	22,720	10,995	11,725
English only	3,875	1,950	1,925	19,345	9,515	9,830
French only	0	0	0	65	20	40
English and French	130	60	70	3,285	1,445	1,835
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	30	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,010	2,015	1,995	22,720	10,995	11,725
English	3,975	2,000	1,980	21,300	10,350	10,950
French	25	10	15	1,345	605	740
English and French	0	0	0	50	30	20
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	25	10	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	15	15	1,365	620	745
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.7	0.8	6.0	5.6	6.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,010	2,015	1,995	22,720	10,990	11,730
Single responses	4,000	2,010	1,995	22,480	10,880	11,605
Official languages	3,900	1,955	1,945	21,750	10,555	11,200
English	3,870	1,940	1,930	20,345	9,920	10,420
French	30	20	15	1,410	630	775
Non-official languages	100	55	45	730	330	405
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	55	45	730	330	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	5	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	25	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	25	5	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	40	555	255	300
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	110	50	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	110	50	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	25	35
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	30	15	290	120	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	5	0	0
Dutch	20	15	5	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	20	5	215	85	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	45	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	45	25	20
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	80	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	10	5	5	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	75	30	40
Chinese languages	5	0	5	75	35	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	10	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	5	5	5	240	115	120
English and French	0	0	0	175	80	95
English and non-official language	5	0	0	55	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,010	2,015	1,995	22,720	10,990	11,730
Single responses	3,980	2,000	1,980	22,460	10,875	11,585
Official languages	3,960	1,985	1,975	22,260	10,780	11,480
English	3,955	1,990	1,970	21,770	10,560	11,205
French	0	0	0	490	215	275
Non-official languages	25	15	10	195	95	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	200	95	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	125	60	65
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	35	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	30	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10	260	120	140
English and French	0	0	0	135	60	75
English and non-official language	25	15	15	120	50	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,010	2,015	1,995	22,720	10,995	11,725
None	3,950	1,990	1,970	21,205	10,355	10,855
English	10	0	5	385	170	215
French	15	5	10	900	375	525
Non-official language	30	20	10	220	90	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	30	15	15	220	90	125
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,555	1,785	1,770	18,960	9,150	9,810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,425	1,730	1,700	18,310	8,855	9,450
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,470	34,487	23,392	32,161	39,635	26,853
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,430	1,730	1,700	18,320	8,860	9,460
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,357	30,549	21,995	29,554	35,576	25,019
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,905	1,505	1,400	15,870	7,840	8,035
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,984	29,376	19,072	30,546	38,105	24,230
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,795	1,385	1,405	13,715	6,145	7,570
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,003	10,592	9,408	8,274	8,264	8,281
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,185	1,180	1,005	12,365	6,355	6,015
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,344	25,099	19,648	32,174	38,600	26,752
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,555	1,775	1,775	18,960	9,150	9,810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,420	1,720	1,700	18,365	8,860	9,510
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,273	40,981	31,514	41,744	48,144	35,783
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,425	1,715	1,710	18,375	8,855	9,520
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,450	34,256	26,622	35,562	40,472	30,995
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,975	1,515	1,460	15,960	7,865	8,100
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,637	37,471	27,615	40,219	47,417	33,230
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,750	1,330	1,420	13,770	6,145	7,625
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,759	10,209	9,338	9,050	8,708	9,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,225	1,170	1,060	12,365	6,285	6,080
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,362	34,741	25,543	41,456	47,481	35,228
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,555	1,780	1,775	18,960	9,155	9,810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	890	480	410	6,080	3,405	2,675
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,619	48,429	38,997	50,877	56,988	44,880
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,511	50,977	41,310	56,516	60,364	51,606
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	76.9	79.3	73.7	83.6	87.3	78.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	54.2	56.6	51.1	66.8	70.4	62.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.1	20.8	26.2	16.4	12.7	21.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,560	1,785	1,775	18,960	9,150	9,810
Without total income	130	60	75	650	295	360
With total income	3,425	1,730	1,695	18,310	8,860	9,450
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.9	95.5	96.6	96.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	500	225	275	2,220	915	1,305
$10,000 to $19,999	755	295	460	3,600	1,375	2,225
$20,000 to $29,999	580	255	330	2,840	1,195	1,640
$30,000 to $39,999	430	225	210	2,185	975	1,210
$40,000 to $49,999	385	210	175	2,030	1,020	1,010
$50,000 to $59,999	255	155	100	1,405	765	640
$60,000 to $69,999	180	135	45	1,245	780	465
$70,000 to $79,999	120	80	35	850	545	310
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	595	375	220
$90,000 to $99,999	45	30	10	475	290	185
$100,000 and over	120	90	30	860	620	240
$100,000 to $149,999	85	65	20	625	455	170
$150,000 and over	30	20	10	235	170	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,560	1,785	1,775	18,960	9,155	9,810
Without after-tax income	130	55	75	640	295	350
With after-tax income	3,430	1,730	1,700	18,320	8,860	9,460
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.9	95.8	96.6	96.8	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	535	235	300	2,300	930	1,370
$10,000 to $19,999	795	320	480	3,745	1,445	2,305
$20,000 to $29,999	645	300	350	3,240	1,395	1,845
$30,000 to $39,999	560	285	275	2,645	1,200	1,445
$40,000 to $49,999	380	240	140	2,105	1,130	975
$50,000 to $59,999	235	175	65	1,635	1,010	625
$60,000 to $69,999	100	60	35	1,035	660	375
$70,000 to $79,999	60	40	20	695	430	265
$80,000 and over	105	75	25	915	660	255
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	10	365	245	120
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	195	155	40
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	355	255	100
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,555	1,785	1,770	18,960	9,150	9,810
Without employment income	1,375	610	765	6,595	2,800	3,795
With employment income	2,185	1,180	1,010	12,365	6,355	6,015
Percentage with employment income	61.5	66.1	57.1	65.2	69.5	61.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	455	265	195	1,635	780	855
$5,000 to $9,999	230	105	125	1,035	460	575
$10,000 to $19,999	355	170	185	1,670	690	980
$20,000 to $29,999	270	120	150	1,545	705	840
$30,000 to $39,999	250	115	135	1,345	625	715
$40,000 to $49,999	175	90	85	1,245	590	660
$50,000 to $59,999	145	95	45	905	495	415
$60,000 to $69,999	105	80	30	860	565	295
$70,000 to $79,999	65	45	20	615	425	190
$80,000 and over	135	95	40	1,520	1,030	490
$80,000 to $89,999	50	20	30	495	310	185
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	400	240	155
$100,000 and over	60	55	10	625	480	150
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,112	...	...	61,511	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,904	...	...	54,985	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	530	...	...	3,030	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,179	...	...	29,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,088	...	...	27,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,330	...	...	6,880	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,202	...	...	78,916	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,960	...	...	70,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,593	...	...	77,315	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,041	...	...	65,908	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	540	...	...	3,035	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,567	...	...	37,466	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,242	...	...	32,724	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,320	...	...	6,885	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,868	...	...	94,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,778	...	...	80,536	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	130	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	405	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	500	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	530	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	475	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	480	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	175	...	...	805	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	780	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	700	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	640	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	510	...	...
$100,000 and over	335	...	...	2,455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...	935	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	620	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	565	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	405	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	520	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	490	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	550	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	540	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	585	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	525	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	205	...	...	1,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	830	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...	790	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	495	...	...
$100,000 and over	195	...	...	1,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	440	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	440	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,300	...	...	6,645	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,920	...	...	79,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,800	...	...	70,710	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	765	...	...	2,925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,768	...	...	71,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,216	...	...	63,797	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	2,435	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,248	...	...	105,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	91,600	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	1,110	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	46,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,680	...	...	44,160	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,290	...	...	6,620	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,691	...	...	95,542	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,656	...	...	80,905	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	770	...	...	2,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,634	...	...	89,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,729	...	...	74,465	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	2,435	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,714	...	...	121,117	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,740	...	...	102,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	1,125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,746	...	...	55,739	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,436	...	...	50,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	620	315	310	3,740	1,710	2,025
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,304	26,976	25,472	27,328	29,920	25,719
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,416	25,024	23,936	25,600	27,392	24,485
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	625	320	305	3,805	1,735	2,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,011	34,306	29,568	35,296	36,731	34,093
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,449	28,707	26,110	31,030	31,881	30,317
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,920	11,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,600	1,280	1,315	12,080	5,630	6,450
In the bottom decile	470	235	235	2,280	1,065	1,210
In the second decile	620	285	335	2,530	1,095	1,435
In the third decile	540	275	265	2,425	1,125	1,300
In the fourth decile	535	270	265	2,435	1,165	1,270
In the fifth decile	440	225	215	2,420	1,180	1,235
In the top half of the distribution	1,395	725	670	10,350	5,290	5,060
In the sixth decile	500	270	230	2,485	1,250	1,235
In the seventh decile	270	130	135	2,270	1,175	1,100
In the eighth decile	280	145	135	2,295	1,170	1,120
In the ninth decile	210	105	105	1,900	980	925
In the top decile	140	70	65	1,395	715	680
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,000	2,005	1,990	22,435	10,920	11,510
0 to 17 years	565	280	285	4,190	2,150	2,040
0 to 5 years	135	70	65	1,380	705	680
18 to 64 years	2,235	1,115	1,120	13,830	6,800	7,030
65 years and over	1,195	610	590	4,415	1,970	2,440
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	805	390	420	3,415	1,505	1,905
0 to 17 years	170	75	95	720	365	360
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	255	130	125
18 to 64 years	405	210	200	2,105	955	1,150
65 years and over	235	105	130	580	180	405
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.1	19.5	21.1	15.2	13.8	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	30.1	26.8	33.3	17.2	17.0	17.6
0 to 5 years (%)	37.0	35.7	38.5	18.5	18.4	18.4
18 to 64 years (%)	18.1	18.8	17.9	15.2	14.0	16.4
65 years and over (%)	19.7	17.2	22.0	13.1	9.1	16.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	245	135	110	1,350	655	695
0 to 17 years	50	25	25	255	130	125
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	90	40	50
18 to 64 years	175	95	75	1,050	515	535
65 years and over	20	10	5	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	6.7	5.5	6.0	6.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	8.9	8.8	6.1	6.0	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.4	7.1	0.0	6.5	5.7	7.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	8.5	6.7	7.6	7.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.6	0.8	1.1	0.8	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,435	10,925	11,505
Official languages	3,990	1,995	1,990	22,410	10,920	11,495
English	3,990	1,995	1,990	22,350	10,890	11,460
French	120	65	55	3,315	1,450	1,870
Non-official languages	170	105	60	965	450	510
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	165	105	60	955	450	510
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	15	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	40	10	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	35	10	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	70	35	720	340	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	65	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	50	35
Russian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	55	20	325	130	195
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	20	10	50	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	40	15	270	105	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	55	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	85	45	30
Bengali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hindi	0	0	0	55	30	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	190	90	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Portuguese	15	0	10	35	30	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	15	15	0	110	50	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	25	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
American Sign Language	0	10	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	85	50	35
Chinese languages	10	0	0	85	50	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,920	11,510
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,915	1,975	1,945	22,225	10,835	11,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	565	300	265	4,165	2,140	2,025
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,350	1,670	1,680	18,065	8,690	9,375
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	85	35	50	205	95	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,920	11,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,795	1,905	1,890	21,305	10,405	10,900
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	190	90	95	1,080	485	590
Before 1981	110	60	45	630	285	350
1981 to 1990	15	10	10	130	60	75
1991 to 2000	15	10	0	90	35	55
2001 to 2010	25	0	15	190	100	90
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	105	60	40
2006 to 2010	20	10	15	85	40	45
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	0	25	35	10	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	10	10	45	30	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	185	90	95	1,080	490	590
Under 5 years	20	0	15	170	110	60
5 to 14 years	40	20	20	260	105	155
15 to 24 years	35	25	15	235	120	115
25 to 44 years	65	30	35	360	130	235
45 years and over	25	10	15	55	30	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	185	90	100	1,080	490	595
Americas	30	15	20	160	75	90
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	15	15	115	45	65
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	120	60	60	625	275	350
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	25	10	15
Germany	20	15	10	145	55	95
Greece	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	25	15	0	65	30	35
Poland	0	0	0	35	20	15
Portugal	0	0	0	20	20	10
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	65	25	40	215	95	115
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	50	10	35
Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	25	260	125	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	55	30	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Lebanon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	40	0	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	35	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	25	40	15	25
Americas	0	0	10	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	0	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	10	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,925	11,505
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	210	105	110	1,220	575	645
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	330	185	145	1,820	905	915
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,455	1,710	1,745	19,390	9,440	9,950
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	85	30	55	450	200	250
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	30	30	240	135	105
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	25	10	105	75	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	30	0	25	140	60	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	0	20	160	40	115
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,000	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,925	11,510
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	80	35	45	2,480	1,260	1,220
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	75	30	45	2,325	1,160	1,165
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	40	10	30	1,475	735	740
Métis	30	15	15	835	410	420
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	110	70	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,920	1,970	1,950	19,950	9,660	10,290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,995	2,005	1,995	22,430	10,925	11,510
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	10	20	650	310	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,965	2,000	1,965	21,785	10,610	11,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,995	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,920	11,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	305	165	140
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	10	10	295	160	130
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	0	10	220	125	95
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	70	30	35
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	135	60	75	2,655	1,305	1,345
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	135	60	80	2,550	1,245	1,310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	40	60	1,915	930	985
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	15	615	300	310
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	105	65	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	90	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,845	1,935	1,910	19,475	9,450	10,020
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,000	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,920	11,510
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	120	40	80	535	235	295
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	0	15	125	75	55
Chinese	20	0	15	130	70	55
Black	25	0	25	85	35	55
Filipino	20	10	15	55	0	50
Latin American	0	0	0	30	20	10
Arab	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	45	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,870	1,965	1,910	21,900	10,685	11,215
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,000	2,005	1,990	22,430	10,925	11,510
North American Aboriginal origins	150	70	85	2,960	1,475	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian)	115	50	65	2,240	1,115	1,130
Inuit	0	10	0	35	25	15
Métis	35	15	15	800	405	395
Other North American origins	1,800	915	890	8,860	4,295	4,565
Acadian	50	25	20	30	25	10
American	10	15	0	155	70	85
Canadian	1,740	875	865	8,725	4,220	4,510
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	2,925	1,475	1,455	17,525	8,475	9,050
British Isles origins	2,545	1,265	1,280	11,130	5,345	5,785
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,415	695	715	4,935	2,300	2,635
Irish	850	380	475	6,150	2,860	3,290
Manx	0	0	0	10	15	0
Scottish	1,530	760	775	4,030	1,990	2,045
Welsh	50	20	30	420	175	250
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	40	20	15	520	255	265
French origins	535	270	265	6,235	2,995	3,235
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	535	270	265	6,230	2,995	3,230
Western European origins (except French origins)	550	285	270	6,955	3,405	3,545
Austrian	0	10	0	35	10	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dutch	125	70	60	755	360	395
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	425	210	210	6,315	3,090	3,225
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	10	10	70	25	45
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	130	70	60	290	150	135
Danish	30	10	20	40	15	20
Finnish	0	0	0	80	45	40
Icelandic	20	10	15	20	15	10
Norwegian	30	25	0	70	30	40
Swedish	50	25	25	90	50	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	90	45	40	2,095	1,025	1,070
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hungarian	20	0	15	100	60	40
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	25	10	1,570	755	820
Romanian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Russian	0	0	0	175	100	75
Slovak	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	45	30	15	295	130	165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins	110	50	60	680	350	335
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	15	15	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	85	50	35
Italian	35	10	20	410	215	195
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	0	25	85	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	15	75	40	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	90	50	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	50	20	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	10	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	10	60	35	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	50	10	40
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	20	0	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	20	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Asian origins	95	30	70	455	230	225
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	15	10	30	20	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	15	10	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	10	125	75	50
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	120	75	45
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	70	15	50	300	135	165
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese	25	10	25	165	95	70
Filipino	20	0	15	50	0	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	35	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
Owner	1,600	...	...	6,915	...	...
Renter	265	...	...	2,995	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	145	...	...
Not condominium	1,855	...	...	9,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	145	...	...	1,010	...	...
2 bedrooms	560	...	...	2,445	...	...
3 bedrooms	705	...	...	4,020	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	440	...	...	2,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	280	...	...	2,035	...	...
5 rooms	315	...	...	1,425	...	...
6 rooms	390	...	...	1,760	...	...
7 rooms	285	...	...	1,630	...	...
8 or more rooms	585	...	...	3,065	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,860	...	...	9,890	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Suitable	1,810	...	...	9,690	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
1960 or before	735	...	...	4,245	...	...
1961 to 1980	440	...	...	2,570	...	...
1981 to 1990	250	...	...	1,035	...	...
1991 to 2000	205	...	...	985	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...	365	...	...
2006 to 2010	90	...	...	440	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,640	...	...	9,010	...	...
Major repairs needed	225	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,860	...	...	9,915	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,095	...	...	6,140	...	...
2 household maintainers	760	...	...	3,635	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,865	...	...	9,915	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	310	...	...
25 to 34 years	145	...	...	1,305	...	...
35 to 44 years	160	...	...	1,380	...	...
45 to 54 years	355	...	...	1,880	...	...
55 to 64 years	445	...	...	2,045	...	...
65 to 74 years	435	...	...	1,545	...	...
75 to 84 years	220	...	...	1,090	...	...
85 years and over	85	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,770	...	...	9,825	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,505	...	...	7,230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	275	...	...	2,595	...	...
30% to less than 100%	225	...	...	2,375	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,515	...	...	6,835	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.4	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	16.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	509	...	...	1,088	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	730	...	...	1,134	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,835	...	...	229,946	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	176,887	...	...	256,029	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	265	...	...	2,995	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.6	...	...	17.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.5	...	...	50.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	600	...	...	846	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	565	...	...	854	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,555	1,775	1,775	18,965	9,150	9,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	815	490	330	3,940	2,050	1,895
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	960	480	480	5,740	2,905	2,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,780	810	970	9,280	4,200	5,075
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	385	265	120	1,610	1,200	410
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	200	110	90	745	480	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	155	25	865	725	145
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	830	260	565	4,995	1,895	3,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	20	35	225	100	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	515	260	250	2,450	1,005	1,445
Bachelor's degree	345	185	160	1,645	630	1,015
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	200	90	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	125	45	75
Master's degree	110	50	55	410	180	235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	75	65	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,015	980	1,040	12,020	5,985	6,030
No certificate, diploma or degree	335	220	120	1,660	985	670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	580	295	290	3,645	2,030	1,625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	465	630	6,710	2,975	3,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	205	140	65	1,060	820	245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	80	50	470	320	150
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	75	65	15	595	505	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	565	185	380	3,710	1,435	2,280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	145	70	80
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	315	130	180	1,790	650	1,140
Bachelor's degree	215	95	115	1,215	410	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15	130	50	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	100	35	65
Master's degree	60	25	35	290	120	170
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	55	40	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,555	1,780	1,775	18,960	9,155	9,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,775	970	805	9,685	4,950	4,735
Education	220	60	160	640	175	465
13. Education	220	60	165	640	175	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	200	70	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	60	35	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	140	35	105
Humanities	55	25	30	340	155	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	25	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	120	45	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	65	10	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	45	30	15
54. History	0	0	0	50	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	60	95	920	265	655
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	70	30	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	240	10	225
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	170	60	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	25	0	20	165	55	110
45. Social sciences	45	35	15	250	95	150
Business, management and public administration	295	75	215	1,630	405	1,225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	255	25	235
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	275	70	205	1,375	385	990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	30	25	195	100	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	65	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	70	60	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	35	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	15	35	190	100	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	10	35	140	75	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	385	380	0	2,165	2,035	130
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	10
14. Engineering	35	40	0	195	170	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	60	0	430	370	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	80	0	680	665	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	125	10	665	655	10
48. Precision production	80	80	0	165	165	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	225	170	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	35	25	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	20	0	150	120	30
Health and related fields	360	45	310	2,055	345	1,710
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	120	45	75
51. Health professions and related programs	355	45	305	1,910	290	1,615
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	10	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	75	55	715	375	345
12. Personal and culinary services	85	20	55	365	90	270
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	240	170	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	85	85	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,010	980	1,035	12,020	5,990	6,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	915	510	405	5,305	3,015	2,290
Education	105	25	80	380	85	295
13. Education	105	25	80	385	85	295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	160	55	110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	35	20
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	120	30	90
Humanities	35	15	20	205	85	115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	55	20	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	45	10	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	30	10	10
54. History	0	0	0	30	25	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	35	55	730	185	550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	200	10	195
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	155	45	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	115	30	85
45. Social sciences	35	20	15	200	75	130
Business, management and public administration	200	45	160	1,260	300	965
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	0	185	10	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	40	150	1,075	290	785
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	25	140	65	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	20	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	45	40	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	25	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	15	25	140	75	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	10	25	110	65	45
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	220	215	10	1,540	1,455	85
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	20	20	0	150	125	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	30	0	310	280	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	60	0	495	480	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	65	10	455	455	0
48. Precision production	35	40	0	110	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	30	20	155	115	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	15	15	35	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	115	90	30
Health and related fields	230	40	195	1,420	255	1,170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	85	35	50
51. Health professions and related programs	230	40	190	1,315	210	1,105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	45	50	570	300	270
12. Personal and culinary services	60	15	50	280	60	220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	190	145	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	75	75	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,555	1,775	1,775	18,960	9,150	9,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,775	970	810	9,680	4,950	4,730
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,780	810	970	9,280	4,200	5,075
Location of study inside Canada	1,670	765	905	8,780	3,960	4,830
Same as province or territory of residence	1,335	575	760	8,030	3,590	4,440
Different than province or territory of residence	340	190	145	750	365	390
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	110	45	65	500	245	250
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	20	30	220	125	90
Philippines	10	0	0	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	15	65	30	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	20	10	10	165	75	90
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,015	980	1,035	12,015	5,990	6,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	915	505	400	5,310	3,010	2,295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,100	470	630	6,715	2,975	3,740
Location of study inside Canada	1,060	455	605	6,420	2,835	3,585
Same as province or territory of residence	845	345	500	5,845	2,570	3,275
Different than province or territory of residence	215	115	105	575	265	310
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	40	10	30	290	140	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	125	70	55
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	25	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	10	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	15	0	10	95	40	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,555	1,780	1,775	18,960	9,155	9,810
In the labour force	1,935	1,015	920	11,120	5,735	5,385
Employed	1,745	895	850	10,315	5,280	5,035
Unemployed	195	120	70	810	455	350
Not in the labour force	1,620	765	855	7,840	3,420	4,425
Participation rate	54.4	57.0	51.8	58.6	62.6	54.9
Employment rate	49.1	50.3	47.9	54.4	57.7	51.3
Unemployment rate	10.1	11.8	7.6	7.3	7.9	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,555	1,780	1,775	18,965	9,150	9,810
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,485	695	790	7,390	3,255	4,140
Worked	2,070	1,085	985	11,570	5,895	5,670
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	930	500	430	6,195	3,485	2,705
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,140	585	550	5,375	2,410	2,965
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	39.7	40.2	43.6	44.0	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,935	1,010	920	11,120	5,730	5,385
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	10	240	130	110
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,920	1,010	910	10,880	5,610	5,275
Employee	1,600	800	800	9,865	5,000	4,865
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	315	205	110	1,020	610	405
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,935	1,015	920	11,120	5,735	5,385
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	240	125	110
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,920	1,005	910	10,885	5,605	5,275
0 Management occupations	220	125	90	925	535	385
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	210	40	170	1,340	335	1,005
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	30	25	550	425	120
3 Health occupations	145	45	100	955	165	795
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	220	40	180	1,705	775	930
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	25	195	70	130
6 Sales and service occupations	370	145	225	2,915	1,225	1,690
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	300	290	15	1,795	1,670	120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245	210	35	160	135	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	75	50	340	265	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,935	1,015	920	11,120	5,735	5,385
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	235	125	110
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,915	1,005	910	10,885	5,605	5,275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	205	145	55	230	160	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	115	10	40	30	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	190	155	35
23 Construction	155	150	10	995	870	125
31-33 Manufacturing	180	110	75	515	420	90
41 Wholesale trade	75	40	40	170	135	30
44-45 Retail trade	160	50	110	1,565	755	810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	65	10	250	170	85
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	120	35	85
52 Finance and insurance	25	15	10	220	35	185
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	115	70	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	15	20	835	520	315
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	35	15	585	295	295
61 Educational services	120	25	100	765	225	545
62 Health care and social assistance	330	80	250	1,545	215	1,330
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85	40	40	105	55	50
72 Accommodation and food services	140	55	85	765	270	495
81 Other services (except public administration)	55	25	30	525	245	275
91 Public administration	75	30	45	1,350	955	395
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,740	895	850	10,315	5,280	5,035
Worked at home	215	110	105	465	195	270
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	30	25	0
No fixed workplace address	245	165	80	1,060	820	240
Worked at usual place	1,285	620	665	8,750	4,235	4,520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,285	615	665	8,755	4,235	4,520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	735	360	370	3,455	1,385	2,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	245	115	130	5,020	2,685	2,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	115	145	210	130	80
Commute to a different province or territory	45	30	15	65	30	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,530	785	745	9,815	5,055	4,760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,335	700	635	8,205	4,265	3,935
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	70	20	45	805	395	410
Public transit	15	0	10	20	15	10
Walked	60	20	35	585	265	315
Bicycle	0	0	0	85	60	25
Other method	55	35	10	120	60	60
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,525	785	745	9,815	5,055	4,760
Less than 15 minutes	600	275	325	4,530	1,885	2,650
15 to 29 minutes	375	210	165	3,100	1,685	1,410
30 to 44 minutes	270	120	150	1,270	830	440
45 to 59 minutes	120	60	60	605	435	175
60 minutes and over	160	115	45	300	220	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,530	785	745	9,815	5,055	4,760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	145	95	45	590	430	155
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	305	150	155	2,225	1,435	795
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	510	255	250	2,905	1,615	1,295
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	240	105	135	1,825	655	1,165
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	130	60	70	900	300	605
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	200	120	75	1,370	625	745
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,155	1,135	1,015	11,885	6,050	5,835
Single responses	2,150	1,135	1,015	11,845	6,040	5,805
Official languages	2,145	1,130	1,015	11,835	6,035	5,800
English	2,140	1,130	1,010	11,655	5,995	5,660
French	10	0	0	180	40	140
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	40	10	30
English and French	0	0	0	40	10	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,155	1,135	1,015	11,890	6,050	5,835
None	2,125	1,130	1,000	11,035	5,705	5,325
English	0	0	0	85	20	65
French	10	0	0	750	315	435
Non-official language	10	0	10	20	10	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	20	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,985	2,005	1,980	22,175	10,795	11,380
Non-movers	3,700	1,865	1,835	19,365	9,450	9,915
Movers	280	135	140	2,810	1,345	1,465
Non-migrants	150	65	85	1,660	810	855
Migrants	125	70	55	1,150	540	610
Internal migrants	115	65	55	1,125	525	600
Intraprovincial migrants	85	50	30	865	400	465
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	15	260	130	130
External migrants	10	0	0	25	15	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,880	1,950	1,925	21,230	10,315	10,910
Non-movers	2,975	1,520	1,455	14,460	7,040	7,420
Movers	895	425	470	6,770	3,275	3,490
Non-migrants	350	175	170	3,980	1,940	2,045
Migrants	550	250	300	2,785	1,340	1,445
Internal migrants	515	235	285	2,710	1,305	1,405
Intraprovincial migrants	340	155	185	2,150	1,015	1,135
Interprovincial migrants	175	85	95	555	285	270
External migrants	35	15	20	75	35	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cumberland, Subd. D, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland, Subd. D, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Pembroke [Census agglomeration], Ontario