Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Richmond, Subd. C, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Moncton New Brunswick [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,150	...	...	144,810	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,286	...	...	139,287^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,621	...	...	66,699	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,397	...	...	61,769	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.3	...	...	56.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	129.69	...	...	2,559.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,150	1,520	1,635	144,810	70,750	74,060
0 to 14 years	365	165	200	22,720	11,685	11,035
0 to 4 years	100	40	55	7,195	3,695	3,500
5 to 9 years	120	60	55	7,960	4,055	3,905
10 to 14 years	145	65	85	7,565	3,935	3,630
15 to 64 years	1,955	985	975	96,970	47,840	49,125
15 to 19 years	160	80	85	7,730	3,965	3,765
20 to 24 years	150	80	70	8,945	4,415	4,525
25 to 29 years	120	65	60	8,995	4,460	4,530
30 to 34 years	125	75	55	9,695	4,730	4,960
35 to 39 years	135	60	75	9,980	4,920	5,065
40 to 44 years	175	95	85	10,400	5,080	5,320
45 to 49 years	230	115	115	10,070	5,090	4,980
50 to 54 years	255	115	145	11,100	5,425	5,670
55 to 59 years	300	150	150	10,435	5,100	5,340
60 to 64 years	305	160	145	9,635	4,655	4,975
65 years and over	825	370	455	25,120	11,225	13,900
65 to 69 years	280	135	145	8,700	4,165	4,540
70 to 74 years	210	95	110	6,005	2,840	3,165
75 to 79 years	135	60	75	4,125	1,900	2,225
80 to 84 years	100	35	60	3,035	1,255	1,785
85 years and over	105	35	60	3,250	1,065	2,190
85 to 89 years	60	25	35	1,905	670	1,240
90 to 94 years	35	10	25	1,015	325	690
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	285	65	225
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	5	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.6	10.9	12.2	15.7	16.5	14.9
15 to 64 years	62.1	64.8	59.6	67.0	67.6	66.3
65 years and over	26.2	24.3	27.8	17.3	15.9	18.8
85 years and over	3.3	2.3	3.7	2.2	1.5	3.0
Average age of the population	48.1	47.5	48.7	41.7	40.7	42.6
Median age of the population	52.3	51.4	53.1	42.1	41.2	43.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,395	...	...	61,770	...	...
Single-detached house	1,215	...	...	34,290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,370	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	100	...	...	23,535	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	6,150	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,030	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	3,155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	65	...	...	12,055	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	85	...	...	2,575	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,400	...	...	61,770	...	...
1 person	425	...	...	17,410	...	...
2 persons	555	...	...	24,075	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	9,525	...	...
4 persons	170	...	...	7,660	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	3,100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,120	...	...	141,520	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,780	1,350	1,435	122,085	59,065	63,030
Married or living common law	1,620	815	805	71,825	35,970	35,855
Married	1,400	705	695	55,905	28,045	27,865
Living common law	225	115	110	15,915	7,925	7,995
Not married and not living common law	1,160	535	625	50,260	23,090	27,170
Never married	670	380	290	31,925	16,905	15,015
Separated	60	20	35	4,245	1,880	2,370
Divorced	155	75	80	7,305	2,860	4,445
Widowed	280	60	220	6,790	1,445	5,340
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	970	...	...	41,910	...	...
2 persons	600	...	...	23,635	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	8,875	...	...
4 persons	145	...	...	7,110	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	2,290	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	975	...	...	41,910	...	...
Total couple families	795	...	...	35,280	...	...
Married couples	685	...	...	27,320	...	...
Common-law couples	110	...	...	7,955	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	180	...	...	6,630	...	...
Female parent	145	...	...	5,320	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	1,315	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	795	...	...	35,275	...	...
Couples without children	485	...	...	19,345	...	...
Couples with children	310	...	...	15,935	...	...
1 child	150	...	...	7,085	...	...
2 children	130	...	...	6,670	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,180	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	6,635	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	4,295	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	1,795	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	590	285	305	27,010	12,660	14,350
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,395	...	...	61,770	...	...
One-census-family households	905	...	...	40,495	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	460	...	...	18,735	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	440	...	...	21,760	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	705	...	...
Non-census-family households	460	...	...	20,570	...	...
One-person households	420	...	...	17,410	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	3,160	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,120	1,500	1,615	142,325	69,310	73,015
English only	1,285	635	650	70,390	35,635	34,760
French only	15	5	10	4,565	2,180	2,390
English and French	1,810	855	950	66,765	31,195	35,575
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	605	310	295
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,115	1,505	1,615	142,325	69,310	73,015
English	1,865	895	965	91,050	44,880	46,170
French	1,220	590	630	49,540	23,575	25,960
English and French	30	10	15	1,170	570	605
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	565	285	280
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,235	595	640	50,125	23,860	26,265
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	39.6	39.5	39.6	35.2	34.4	36.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,115	1,505	1,615	142,330	69,315	73,015
Single responses	3,020	1,450	1,565	139,465	67,935	71,535
Official languages	2,970	1,425	1,545	134,230	65,255	68,975
English	1,695	815	880	85,500	42,130	43,370
French	1,270	605	665	48,735	23,125	25,610
Non-official languages	50	30	20	5,235	2,680	2,555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	30	20	5,195	2,660	2,535
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	920	530	390
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	890	515	380
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	845	490	350
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	35	15	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	240	110	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	15	5	10	240	110	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	340	120	220
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	295	110	190
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	20	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	55	35
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	45	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	1,750	880	865
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	315	160	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	305	155	150
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	55	20	30
Russian	0	0	0	165	80	80
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	40	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	435	215	220
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	145	70	70
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	10	5	5	225	105	120
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	300	170	130
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	200	110	90
Bengali	0	0	0	40	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	5
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	35	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	95	60	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	95	55	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	645	310	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	155	85	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Romanian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Spanish	5	0	0	315	145	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	540	285	260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	360	200	160
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	55	30	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	25	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	25	15	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	55	30	25
Wolof	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	55	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	735	380	355
Chinese languages	0	0	0	710	365	345
Cantonese	0	0	0	135	75	60
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	465	210	255
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	65	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	100	50	45	2,860	1,385	1,480
English and French	90	50	45	2,260	1,065	1,195
English and non-official language	5	5	5	355	180	175
French and non-official language	0	0	0	195	110	85
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,120	1,505	1,615	142,325	69,310	73,015
Single responses	3,035	1,470	1,565	138,785	67,615	71,175
Official languages	3,000	1,450	1,550	135,830	66,110	69,720
English	2,340	1,150	1,190	96,155	47,275	48,880
French	660	300	360	39,675	18,835	20,845
Non-official languages	40	25	15	2,955	1,500	1,455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	20	15	2,950	1,500	1,450
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	640	345	295
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	640	340	295
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	610	335	280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	215	110	110
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	220	105	110
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	80	40	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	5	75	40	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	745	365	380
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	145	75	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	5	0	0	45	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	300	150	155
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Spanish	5	5	0	155	80	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	440	225	215
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	570	275	295
Chinese languages	0	0	0	545	265	280
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	405	180	215
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	35	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	30	50	3,545	1,700	1,845
English and French	75	30	45	2,380	1,070	1,310
English and non-official language	5	5	0	835	440	395
French and non-official language	0	0	0	205	115	90
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	125	75	50
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,115	1,505	1,610	142,330	69,315	73,015
None	2,215	1,085	1,135	114,520	56,305	58,210
English	380	180	200	15,300	7,180	8,115
French	505	240	270	10,520	4,830	5,690
Non-official language	10	5	5	1,660	815	850
Aboriginal	5	0	0	35	20	15
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	5	1,625	795	835
English and French	0	0	0	80	40	40
English and non-official language	0	0	5	125	75	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	110	60	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,750	1,335	1,415	118,825	57,280	61,550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,640	1,300	1,345	114,270	54,875	59,400
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,883	34,907	22,246	33,587	39,174	28,770
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,645	1,300	1,345	114,315	54,880	59,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,600	30,541	21,269	30,081	34,364	26,290
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,115	1,095	1,020	103,265	50,950	52,315
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,736	28,256	18,816	31,533	37,040	26,609
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,210	1,045	1,165	80,190	33,730	46,465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,616	13,064	10,384	6,544	7,182	6,096
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,665	895	775	86,505	43,885	42,615
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,888	28,480	20,661	31,881	36,358	28,042
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,825	1,385	1,440	118,865	57,285	61,580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,730	1,350	1,375	114,270	54,810	59,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,437	43,283	27,713	41,410	47,883	35,442
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,730	1,350	1,370	114,300	54,820	59,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,174	36,173	24,270	34,614	39,239	30,351
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,165	1,140	1,025	103,305	50,870	52,435
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,093	39,582	25,845	39,756	46,301	33,407
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,225	1,075	1,150	80,025	33,715	46,315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,194	12,374	10,094	7,807	7,985	7,677
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,740	905	830	86,500	43,680	42,820
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,911	41,190	26,002	39,513	45,097	33,817
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,825	1,390	1,440	118,865	57,285	61,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	535	270	265	44,830	23,555	21,275
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,644	58,054	35,197	46,150	50,462	41,969
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,585	62,692	40,216	54,527	60,883	47,491
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.5	76.7	68.2	86.8	89.7	83.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.3	64.7	53.8	72.1	74.7	68.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	26.7	23.3	31.9	13.2	10.3	16.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,750	1,335	1,415	118,830	57,280	61,550
Without total income	110	40	70	4,555	2,405	2,150
With total income	2,640	1,300	1,345	114,275	54,875	59,395
Percentage with total income	96.0	97.4	95.1	96.2	95.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	330	125	210	14,560	6,180	8,380
$10,000 to $19,999	605	205	395	18,600	6,815	11,785
$20,000 to $29,999	475	215	260	18,145	7,425	10,715
$30,000 to $39,999	405	205	195	16,215	7,685	8,530
$40,000 to $49,999	285	165	120	13,730	7,015	6,715
$50,000 to $59,999	175	115	60	9,315	5,205	4,110
$60,000 to $69,999	105	75	35	6,830	3,970	2,855
$70,000 to $79,999	80	50	30	5,250	2,920	2,330
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	3,705	2,010	1,695
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	5	2,245	1,465	780
$100,000 and over	100	85	15	5,680	4,180	1,500
$100,000 to $149,999	65	55	10	3,965	2,860	1,105
$150,000 and over	40	35	0	1,720	1,320	405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,755	1,335	1,415	118,825	57,275	61,550
Without after-tax income	110	35	70	4,515	2,400	2,115
With after-tax income	2,640	1,300	1,345	114,315	54,880	59,430
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	97.4	95.1	96.2	95.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	345	125	220	15,165	6,285	8,880
$10,000 to $19,999	625	225	400	19,840	7,385	12,460
$20,000 to $29,999	610	285	330	21,980	9,400	12,580
$30,000 to $39,999	455	240	210	19,965	9,845	10,120
$40,000 to $49,999	250	165	85	13,960	7,605	6,350
$50,000 to $59,999	140	95	45	8,955	5,205	3,745
$60,000 to $69,999	90	50	40	6,250	3,375	2,870
$70,000 to $79,999	45	35	10	3,170	2,090	1,080
$80,000 and over	80	70	10	5,030	3,690	1,345
$80,000 to $89,999	25	25	0	1,675	1,175	505
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	1,000	750	250
$100,000 and over	45	40	10	2,355	1,765	590
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,750	1,335	1,415	118,830	57,275	61,550
Without employment income	1,090	445	645	32,325	13,390	18,935
With employment income	1,665	895	770	86,500	43,890	42,615
Percentage with employment income	60.5	67.0	54.4	72.8	76.6	69.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	215	80	135	10,690	5,325	5,360
$5,000 to $9,999	160	70	85	7,060	3,065	3,995
$10,000 to $19,999	350	195	155	11,595	5,100	6,495
$20,000 to $29,999	240	120	120	11,780	5,175	6,600
$30,000 to $39,999	195	85	110	11,140	5,345	5,795
$40,000 to $49,999	145	75	70	9,405	4,810	4,595
$50,000 to $59,999	95	65	30	6,430	3,710	2,720
$60,000 to $69,999	70	55	15	5,120	2,935	2,185
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	25	4,125	2,185	1,940
$80,000 and over	140	110	25	9,150	6,230	2,920
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	2,920	1,595	1,325
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	10	1,825	1,225	600
$100,000 and over	75	65	5	4,410	3,415	995
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,395	...	...	61,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,014	...	...	62,871	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,800	...	...	55,165	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	425	...	...	17,410	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,936	...	...	32,490	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,104	...	...	29,210	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	975	...	...	44,360	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,684	...	...	78,335	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,056	...	...	67,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,648	...	...	76,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,603	...	...	64,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	17,415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,540	...	...	39,456	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,311	...	...	33,433	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,000	...	...	44,360	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,512	...	...	91,181	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,004	...	...	76,070	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,395	...	...	61,770	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	1,345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1,225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2,775	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	2,940	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	2,775	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	3,105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	3,185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	2,990	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	2,885	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	5,355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...	4,925	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	4,590	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	3,965	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	3,240	...	...
$100,000 and over	285	...	...	15,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	120	...	...	6,145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	65	...	...	3,840	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	3,605	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	2,090	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,400	...	...	61,770	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	805	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	1,370	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1,260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	2,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	3,395	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	3,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	3,810	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	3,795	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	3,395	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	3,410	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	6,415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	5,860	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	4,860	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	3,930	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	3,090	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	10,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	5,185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	2,545	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	2,425	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	960	...	...	41,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,632	...	...	78,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,672	...	...	68,228	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	445	...	...	18,360	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,013	...	...	72,837	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,272	...	...	63,343	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	16,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,992	...	...	104,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,907	...	...	88,900	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	6,270	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,696	...	...	44,761	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,472	...	...	42,010	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	985	...	...	41,945	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,154	...	...	91,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,771	...	...	76,527	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	495	...	...	18,305	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,206	...	...	83,316	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,638	...	...	69,676	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	16,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,321	...	...	117,654	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,434	...	...	96,358	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	6,275	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,414	...	...	52,837	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,861	...	...	46,572	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	495	245	250	24,215	11,460	12,755
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,744	29,990	21,120	29,689	31,312	28,441
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,056	26,528	20,480	27,007	27,819	26,274
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	520	275	245	24,105	11,320	12,785
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,221	34,544	29,625	36,320	37,277	35,472
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,063	29,746	26,183	30,981	31,331	30,672
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,115	1,500	1,610	141,520	68,945	72,575
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,955	925	1,030	78,730	37,450	41,275
In the bottom decile	305	135	175	14,830	7,075	7,755
In the second decile	460	190	270	15,860	7,060	8,795
In the third decile	390	195	190	15,980	7,635	8,350
In the fourth decile	375	185	190	16,295	7,975	8,325
In the fifth decile	425	215	215	15,760	7,715	8,045
In the top half of the distribution	1,165	580	580	62,790	31,495	31,295
In the sixth decile	295	150	150	15,345	7,570	7,780
In the seventh decile	290	145	150	15,075	7,595	7,485
In the eighth decile	295	140	155	13,970	6,960	7,015
In the ninth decile	165	90	75	10,660	5,385	5,280
In the top decile	115	55	55	7,725	3,990	3,740
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,115	1,500	1,610	141,480	68,930	72,545
0 to 17 years	465	215	250	27,285	14,045	13,240
0 to 5 years	125	50	75	8,750	4,480	4,275
18 to 64 years	1,850	925	920	90,820	44,235	46,585
65 years and over	800	360	440	23,370	10,645	12,725
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	565	240	330	21,865	9,935	11,935
0 to 17 years	100	50	55	5,530	2,880	2,650
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	1,995	1,040	955
18 to 64 years	260	105	150	12,825	5,790	7,035
65 years and over	210	80	125	3,510	1,260	2,250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.1	16.0	20.5	15.5	14.4	16.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.5	23.3	22.0	20.3	20.5	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0	30.0	20.0	22.8	23.2	22.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	11.4	16.3	14.1	13.1	15.1
65 years and over (%)	26.3	22.2	28.4	15.0	11.8	17.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	150	65	90	11,735	5,675	6,060
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	2,860	1,475	1,385
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	1,070	545	525
18 to 64 years	115	45	70	8,235	3,995	4,240
65 years and over	0	5	0	640	205	435
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.3	5.6	8.3	8.2	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.0	8.0	10.5	10.5	10.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	20.0	6.7	12.2	12.2	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	4.9	7.6	9.1	9.0	9.1
65 years and over (%)	0.0	1.4	0.0	2.7	1.9	3.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,120	1,540	1,575	141,525	68,930	72,595
Official languages	3,120	1,540	1,575	140,930	68,625	72,305
English	3,105	1,535	1,570	136,350	66,400	69,945
French	1,775	865	905	70,935	33,200	37,740
Non-official languages	50	25	20	8,685	4,420	4,265
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	55	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	75	55	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	65	45	20
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	65	45	20
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	8,610	4,370	4,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,355	795	565
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	40	25	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	780	555
Amharic	0	0	0	55	30	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,220	710	510
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	40	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	285	155	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	285	155	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	25	0	470	205	260
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	0	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	10	455	195	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	185	60	120
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	35	95
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	30	20	10
Telugu	0	0	0	65	35	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	15	3,675	1,780	1,895
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	370	195	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	370	195	175
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	85	40	45
Russian	0	0	0	230	110	115
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	880	455	420
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	35	20
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	10	0	10	225	100	125
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	555	285	270
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	310	175	135
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	250	140	105
Bengali	0	0	0	45	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	85	45	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	80	55	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	70	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	2,250	1,015	1,235
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	305	150	150
Portuguese	0	0	0	150	85	60
Romanian	0	0	0	195	115	80
Spanish	0	0	0	1,710	740	970
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	145	80	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	610	305	300
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	805	485	320
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	120	55	70
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	85	70	15
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	95	80	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Shona	0	0	0	25	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	180	105	80
Wolof	0	0	0	50	35	15
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	295	175	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	260	110	150
American Sign Language	0	0	0	100	40	55
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	885	440	440
Chinese languages	0	0	0	820	415	405
Cantonese	0	0	0	160	80	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	605	275	330
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	90	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,120	1,540	1,575	141,520	68,930	72,595
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,065	1,510	1,560	136,260	66,255	70,010
Canadian citizens aged under 18	400	200	190	26,150	13,480	12,665
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,670	1,305	1,365	110,110	52,775	57,340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	50	30	15	5,265	2,670	2,590
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,115	1,540	1,575	141,525	68,930	72,595
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,015	1,475	1,545	132,295	64,325	67,970
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	75	45	30	7,955	3,835	4,120
Before 1981	35	30	10	2,125	910	1,210
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	470	265	205
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	520	295	225
2001 to 2010	25	10	15	1,995	940	1,055
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	675	280	395
2006 to 2010	15	10	10	1,325	660	665
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	2,840	1,420	1,420
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	20	0	1,275	765	510
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	75	45	30	7,955	3,840	4,115
Under 5 years	0	10	0	1,155	525	635
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,815	895	915
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,365	580	785
25 to 44 years	45	25	20	3,040	1,515	1,525
45 years and over	20	10	10	570	325	250
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	70	45	30	7,955	3,840	4,120
Americas	35	20	10	1,785	795	995
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	20
Colombia	0	0	0	80	30	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	25	0
Guyana	0	0	0	40	25	15
Haiti	0	0	0	60	20	45
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	25
Peru	0	0	0	15	15	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	20	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	10	1,290	570	720
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	165	60	105
Europe	35	20	15	2,285	1,065	1,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	340	165	170
Germany	10	0	10	245	120	125
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	20	0	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Italy	0	0	0	100	50	50
Netherlands	0	0	0	150	65	85
Poland	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	185	105	75
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	15	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	25	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	15	10	780	315	460
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	250	135	115
Africa	0	0	0	1,125	645	485
Algeria	0	0	0	110	55	50
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	95	55	45
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	790	445	345
Asia	0	0	10	2,735	1,325	1,415
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	535	205	330
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	50	25	25
India	0	0	0	175	95	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	520	275	245
Lebanon	0	0	0	110	70	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	35	20
Philippines	10	0	0	365	140	225
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	285	135	155
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	270	130	135
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	260	155	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	10	2,840	1,425	1,415
Americas	10	0	10	200	85	115
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	30	10	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	75	45	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	0	20
Europe	0	0	0	490	235	255
France	0	0	0	175	95	80
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	130	80	55
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	105	30	70
Africa	0	0	0	450	275	175
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	75	35	40
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	55	30	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	180	125	55
Asia	0	0	0	1,695	815	875
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	380	170	220
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	255	120	140
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	40	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	280	120	165
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	25	25	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	265	125	140
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	25	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	200	95	100
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	55	25	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,115	1,545	1,580	141,525	68,930	72,595
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	100	70	30	9,840	4,940	4,900
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	60	10	50	8,725	4,470	4,255
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,955	1,460	1,495	122,970	59,520	63,445
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	40	20	20	5,925	2,955	2,970
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	30	10	20	3,585	1,855	1,730
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	1,400	985	420
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	0	10	2,185	875	1,310
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	0	1,270	550	725
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,030	535	495
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,120	1,545	1,575	141,525	68,930	72,595
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	675	325	345	3,515	1,670	1,845
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	635	315	320	3,340	1,605	1,735
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	25	25	1,575	735	840
Métis	585	290	295	1,695	830	860
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	20	45	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	135	50	85
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,445	1,210	1,230	138,005	67,255	70,755
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,115	1,540	1,575	141,525	68,930	72,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	50	60	1,020	505	520
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,005	1,490	1,520	140,500	68,425	72,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,120	1,540	1,575	141,525	68,930	72,595
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	80	30	45	845	390	460
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	75	30	45	835	385	455
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	580	245	335
Métis single ancestry	65	30	40	220	115	110
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	35	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	700	375	330	6,125	2,805	3,330
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	640	325	310	5,960	2,740	3,220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	80	65	4,425	2,045	2,380
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	490	255	245	1,450	665	780
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	30	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	50	15	170	65	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	50	15	160	65	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,340	1,135	1,205	134,545	65,735	68,815
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,115	1,545	1,580	141,525	68,930	72,595
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	60	50	10	6,980	3,690	3,295
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	470	265	210
Chinese	0	0	0	910	445	460
Black	20	20	0	2,350	1,270	1,080
Filipino	30	25	10	565	275	290
Latin American	0	0	0	295	140	155
Arab	0	0	0	1,015	615	405
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	430	205	220
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	60	40	20
Korean	0	0	0	600	315	280
Japanese	0	0	0	85	25	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	160	90	70
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,060	1,490	1,570	134,540	65,235	69,305
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,120	1,540	1,575	141,525	68,925	72,600
North American Aboriginal origins	780	405	375	6,975	3,195	3,785
First Nations (North American Indian)	220	130	90	5,180	2,360	2,825
Inuit	0	0	0	135	60	80
Métis	630	330	300	1,850	850	1,000
Other North American origins	1,865	920	950	82,425	39,765	42,655
Acadian	565	285	280	10,050	4,725	5,330
American	15	0	10	1,100	540	555
Canadian	1,505	730	775	75,745	36,545	39,205
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	65	30	35
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	75	35	45
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	220	120	95
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	15	0
European origins	2,115	1,055	1,055	86,715	42,060	44,655
British Isles origins	1,070	530	545	59,745	28,750	31,000
Channel Islander	10	0	10	20	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	565	265	295	32,060	15,460	16,605
Irish	470	250	215	26,455	12,525	13,930
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	340	195	150	25,250	12,145	13,105
Welsh	10	10	0	1,585	730	850
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	10	10	2,285	1,050	1,235
French origins	1,620	810	810	39,470	19,030	20,440
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,620	810	810	39,465	19,025	20,440
Western European origins (except French origins)	65	20	45	11,750	5,615	6,135
Austrian	0	0	0	225	105	125
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	360	165	195
Dutch	30	10	20	2,605	1,300	1,305
Flemish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	10	40	9,035	4,325	4,710
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	290	125	170
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	10	1,715	830	890
Danish	0	0	0	630	285	350
Finnish	0	0	0	85	30	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25
Norwegian	0	0	10	460	190	270
Swedish	0	0	0	360	210	155
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	190	120	70
Eastern European origins	15	10	10	2,285	1,070	1,215
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	115	40	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	295	135	155
Latvian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	640	290	350
Romanian	0	0	0	305	175	130
Russian	0	0	0	385	180	205
Slovak	0	0	0	50	10	40
Ukrainian	0	0	0	635	315	325
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	2,985	1,375	1,610
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greek	10	0	10	165	75	90
Italian	10	0	0	1,760	830	935
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	355	145	205
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Spanish	0	0	0	590	250	335
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	375	205	170
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	160	90	70
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	190	100	90
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	510	225	285
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dominican	0	0	0	45	30	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	130	50	80
Jamaican	0	0	0	120	70	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	525	260	270
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	80	35	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Hispanic	0	0	0	55	25	30
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	90	45	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	40	40	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	50	25	25
African origins	15	20	0	2,570	1,465	1,105
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,055	610	445
Akan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Angolan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	60	40	25
Cameroonian	0	0	0	100	65	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	265	165	95
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Guinean	0	0	0	130	90	40
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Liberian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Malian	0	0	0	85	30	50
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Peulh	0	0	0	40	20	20
Senegalese	0	0	0	75	40	40
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	20	0	20
Togolese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	125	90	35
North African origins	0	0	0	580	350	225
Algerian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Berber	0	0	0	125	75	45
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	30	0
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	200	135	60
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	130	75	55
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	375	230	150
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Burundian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	95	65	35
Ethiopian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Other African origins	15	20	0	650	335	310
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	20	0	600	320	285
Asian origins	30	25	0	4,580	2,375	2,205
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,350	770	580
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	135	80	50
Armenian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	90	60	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	425	255	170
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	425	210	215
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	80	55	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	15	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	520	285	235
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	420	220	200
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	50	35	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	30	20	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	25	10	2,705	1,320	1,395
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0	1,060	530	530
Filipino	30	25	0	575	265	310
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	80	25	60
Karen	0	0	0	65	30	40
Korean	0	0	0	605	315	285
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	325	155	165
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Oceania origins	0	0	0	55	30	20
Australian	0	0	0	30	20	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
Owner	1,230	...	...	42,590	...	...
Renter	200	...	...	19,175	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	3,340	...	...
Not condominium	1,425	...	...	58,430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	190	...	...
1 bedroom	100	...	...	6,240	...	...
2 bedrooms	365	...	...	16,890	...	...
3 bedrooms	615	...	...	24,210	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	350	...	...	14,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	235	...	...	14,650	...	...
5 rooms	295	...	...	9,660	...	...
6 rooms	300	...	...	9,470	...	...
7 rooms	215	...	...	8,855	...	...
8 or more rooms	390	...	...	19,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,425	...	...	61,470	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
Suitable	1,415	...	...	60,380	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,430	...	...	61,775	...	...
1960 or before	540	...	...	11,660	...	...
1961 to 1980	460	...	...	16,775	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	6,915	...	...
1991 to 2000	140	...	...	8,195	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...	5,660	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	7,045	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	5,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,430	...	...	61,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,320	...	...	58,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	110	...	...	3,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,430	...	...	61,775	...	...
1 household maintainer	880	...	...	35,710	...	...
2 household maintainers	535	...	...	25,265	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	795	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,425	...	...	61,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	2,600	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...	9,410	...	...
35 to 44 years	125	...	...	11,210	...	...
45 to 54 years	280	...	...	11,855	...	...
55 to 64 years	400	...	...	11,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	290	...	...	9,060	...	...
75 to 84 years	140	...	...	4,415	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	1,815	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,420	...	...	61,415	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,240	...	...	48,990	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	180	...	...	12,425	...	...
30% to less than 100%	160	...	...	11,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,225	...	...	42,475	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.3	...	...	65.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	525	...	...	986	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	712	...	...	1,052	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	120,067	...	...	165,727	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,791	...	...	191,276	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	200	...	...	19,165	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.5	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.5	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	514	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	668	...	...	837	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,830	1,385	1,440	118,865	57,280	61,585
No certificate, diploma or degree	825	350	475	19,930	10,110	9,825
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	540	220	325	33,620	16,970	16,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,455	820	640	65,310	30,200	35,105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	410	335	70	9,250	6,295	2,955
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	170	120	50	5,025	2,860	2,170
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	240	220	25	4,225	3,440	785
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	680	315	370	29,335	12,365	16,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	25	50	2,410	885	1,520
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	295	145	145	24,320	10,655	13,660
Bachelor's degree	210	100	110	17,260	7,340	9,915
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	15	15	1,750	755	995
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	680	395	290
Master's degree	35	15	25	3,980	1,770	2,210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	655	395	260
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,725	845	885	78,955	38,160	40,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	320	155	165	7,530	4,265	3,265
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	330	120	210	21,180	10,950	10,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,075	565	505	50,240	22,950	27,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	270	220	50	6,165	4,180	1,985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	80	35	3,315	1,890	1,425
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	155	140	15	2,855	2,290	565
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	580	250	325	23,045	9,930	13,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	1,560	575	985
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	195	90	105	19,465	8,265	11,205
Bachelor's degree	135	70	70	13,895	5,840	8,050
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	1,410	560	855
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	515	255	260
Master's degree	30	10	20	3,155	1,310	1,845
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	500	300	200
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,825	1,385	1,440	118,865	57,285	61,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,365	565	800	53,555	27,080	26,475
Education	140	40	100	5,050	1,330	3,720
13. Education	140	40	100	5,050	1,330	3,720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	10	1,715	810	905
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	315	255	60
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10	1,405	555	845
Humanities	20	15	0	2,685	1,145	1,545
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	365	80	285
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	525	145	380
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	590	245	345
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	180	110	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	355	230	125
54. History	0	0	0	445	255	190
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	220	65	160
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	15	55	5,680	1,760	3,920
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	50	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	555	210	345
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	1,240	30	1,205
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	1,060	350	710
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	0	35
42. Psychology	15	0	15	1,315	400	920
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	1,430	755	670
Business, management and public administration	255	35	215	17,345	5,935	11,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	65	10	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	15	1,225	255	970
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	245	40	205	16,050	5,665	10,385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	0	1,630	785	845
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	775	375	400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	410	145	265
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	40	0	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	290	205	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	115	50	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	20	25	3,120	2,145	970
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	20	2,835	2,015	820
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	20	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	155	95	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	555	520	35	12,075	11,310	765
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	150	115	35
14. Engineering	20	15	10	1,380	1,190	195
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	75	10	2,950	2,610	340
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	2,660	2,640	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	130	0	3,245	3,140	110
48. Precision production	140	120	15	1,685	1,620	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	15	25	785	495	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	20	495	285	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	285	210	75
Health and related fields	135	25	110	9,885	1,765	8,120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	775	405	370
51. Health professions and related programs	125	20	110	8,900	1,235	7,665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	210	120	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	100	65	5,330	2,710	2,615
12. Personal and culinary services	90	30	60	3,080	695	2,385
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	90	75	20
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	970	810	155
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0	1,195	1,135	60
Other	0	0	0	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,725	840	880	78,955	38,160	40,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	650	275	375	28,715	15,215	13,500
Education	70	15	55	3,320	805	2,515
13. Education	70	15	55	3,320	805	2,515
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,355	655	700
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	245	190	50
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,115	465	650
Humanities	20	10	10	1,960	780	1,175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	295	60	240
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	415	120	295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	415	140	270
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	75	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	235	150	90
54. History	0	0	0	345	210	135
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	125	35	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	4,600	1,380	3,220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	490	195	295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	935	15	915
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	885	270	610
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	15	0	10	1,075	290	785
45. Social sciences	10	10	10	1,160	590	565
Business, management and public administration	205	20	185	13,715	4,720	8,995
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	65	10	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	945	175	765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	195	20	170	12,715	4,535	8,175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	1,275	615	660
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	650	335	315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	295	110	185
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	0	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	210	140	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	35	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	15	25	2,740	1,920	820
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	15	20	2,530	1,815	715
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	15	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	130	80	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	410	380	35	9,105	8,395	705
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	120	90	30
14. Engineering	20	15	10	1,115	930	185
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	65	10	2,480	2,160	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	115	0	1,815	1,800	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	100	0	2,385	2,285	100
48. Precision production	105	85	15	1,195	1,135	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	10	20	630	395	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	0	20	385	220	165
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	245	175	70
Health and related fields	90	10	80	7,570	1,355	6,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	620	335	280
51. Health professions and related programs	85	10	80	6,780	930	5,850
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	170	85	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	65	40	3,965	1,920	2,045
12. Personal and culinary services	55	10	45	2,350	510	1,845
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	20	20
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	730	595	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	845	795	50
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,825	1,390	1,440	118,865	57,280	61,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,370	565	800	53,555	27,080	26,475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,455	815	640	65,310	30,205	35,110
Location of study inside Canada	1,390	775	615	61,650	28,315	33,335
Same as province or territory of residence	1,260	715	550	46,900	21,150	25,750
Different than province or territory of residence	130	60	65	14,745	7,165	7,580
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	45	30	3,660	1,885	1,775
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	800	435	365
Philippines	25	25	10	230	65	165
India	0	0	0	115	60	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	10	315	180	130
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	335	195	140
France	0	0	0	320	175	145
Other	0	0	0	1,550	780	770
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,725	840	885	78,950	38,165	40,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	650	275	375	28,715	15,215	13,500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,070	565	505	50,240	22,950	27,285
Location of study inside Canada	1,025	545	485	47,335	21,535	25,805
Same as province or territory of residence	930	495	435	36,100	16,325	19,775
Different than province or territory of residence	100	45	50	11,240	5,210	6,025
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	40	20	20	2,905	1,415	1,485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	520	280	240
Philippines	25	20	0	220	55	160
India	0	0	0	100	45	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	200	105	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	265	125	140
France	0	0	0	275	155	125
Other	0	0	0	1,325	650	675
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,825	1,385	1,440	118,865	57,280	61,580
In the labour force	1,565	815	755	79,230	40,300	38,925
Employed	1,345	695	650	72,875	36,585	36,285
Unemployed	225	120	100	6,360	3,715	2,640
Not in the labour force	1,265	575	685	39,635	16,980	22,655
Participation rate	55.4	58.8	52.4	66.7	70.4	63.2
Employment rate	47.6	50.2	45.1	61.3	63.9	58.9
Unemployment rate	14.4	14.7	13.2	8.0	9.2	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,830	1,385	1,440	118,865	57,280	61,580
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,135	505	630	36,385	15,620	20,765
Worked	1,690	880	810	82,480	41,665	40,815
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	550	275	275	45,705	24,175	21,535
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,140	610	535	36,775	17,490	19,280
Average weeks worked in reference year	34.6	32.8	36.6	42.8	43.0	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,565	815	755	79,230	40,305	38,930
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	10	35	1,325	735	595
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,525	805	720	77,900	39,570	38,330
Employee	1,430	760	670	71,725	35,820	35,900
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	100	50	45	6,180	3,750	2,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,565	810	750	79,235	40,305	38,925
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	0	30	1,325	730	595
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,525	810	715	77,905	39,570	38,335
0 Management occupations	95	40	50	7,855	4,830	3,030
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	155	25	125	12,595	3,955	8,640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	65	30	4,670	3,690	980
3 Health occupations	100	15	90	6,355	1,155	5,200
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	150	40	115	9,075	3,065	6,010
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	15	25	1,765	780	985
6 Sales and service occupations	290	70	215	22,185	9,760	12,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	270	265	0	10,345	9,880	465
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	140	10	1,105	925	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	190	135	55	1,960	1,540	420
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,565	815	750	79,230	40,300	38,930
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	0	35	1,325	735	595
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,525	805	720	77,905	39,570	38,330
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	170	145	25	680	535	145
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	810	580	230
22 Utilities	20	20	0	200	155	40
23 Construction	125	100	20	4,800	4,260	545
31-33 Manufacturing	225	160	65	4,290	3,190	1,100
41 Wholesale trade	60	35	20	3,275	2,455	820
44-45 Retail trade	135	35	100	10,475	5,220	5,255
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	65	0	4,875	3,605	1,265
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0	1,925	1,095	830
52 Finance and insurance	25	0	20	4,470	1,625	2,850
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	15	0	975	595	380
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	15	25	3,925	2,230	1,695
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	120	40	80
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	15	15	5,605	2,955	2,650
61 Educational services	130	45	85	5,295	1,690	3,605
62 Health care and social assistance	205	20	185	10,160	1,830	8,335
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	15	1,885	985	900
72 Accommodation and food services	100	40	60	5,660	2,145	3,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	25	35	3,250	1,620	1,625
91 Public administration	65	45	25	5,235	2,755	2,480
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,340	695	645	72,870	36,580	36,285
Worked at home	70	20	50	4,335	2,270	2,070
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	250	165	85
No fixed workplace address	230	185	45	6,755	5,135	1,615
Worked at usual place	1,040	490	555	61,530	29,015	32,520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,045	485	555	61,535	29,015	32,520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	555	230	325	30,425	14,020	16,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	190	80	105	19,030	8,975	10,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	290	160	125	11,090	5,355	5,735
Commute to a different province or territory	15	20	0	995	665	330
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,275	675	600	68,285	34,155	34,130
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,105	565	540	55,070	28,370	26,700
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	70	40	35	5,890	2,325	3,565
Public transit	15	15	0	2,345	1,000	1,345
Walked	35	10	20	3,705	1,715	1,990
Bicycle	0	0	0	400	275	125
Other method	45	40	10	875	470	410
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,275	670	605	68,290	34,155	34,135
Less than 15 minutes	630	300	330	30,670	14,605	16,065
15 to 29 minutes	315	155	155	27,965	14,025	13,945
30 to 44 minutes	190	125	65	6,435	3,560	2,880
45 to 59 minutes	75	35	35	1,505	815	685
60 minutes and over	65	55	0	1,710	1,155	555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,275	675	600	68,285	34,155	34,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	110	80	30	2,540	1,830	710
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	315	190	125	8,170	4,795	3,375
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	335	135	200	24,590	12,060	12,525
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	225	95	130	15,475	6,805	8,675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	20	50	6,620	2,725	3,895
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	210	150	60	10,900	5,950	4,950
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,715	890	820	84,655	42,715	41,940
Single responses	1,660	885	775	78,980	40,095	38,890
Official languages	1,655	885	770	78,790	39,995	38,795
English	1,525	820	705	64,785	34,240	30,545
French	135	70	65	14,005	5,755	8,250
Non-official languages	10	0	10	195	100	95
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	195	105	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	35	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	40	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	10	45	5,675	2,615	3,055
English and French	50	10	45	5,530	2,550	2,980
English and non-official language	0	0	0	120	60	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,715	895	820	84,655	42,715	41,935
None	1,200	650	555	57,370	29,615	27,760
English	90	45	45	9,470	4,090	5,380
French	415	195	215	17,410	8,805	8,605
Non-official language	10	10	0	330	160	170
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	320	160	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	30	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,105	1,535	1,570	140,105	68,185	71,920
Non-movers	2,940	1,460	1,480	119,610	58,150	61,450
Movers	160	75	90	20,505	10,035	10,470
Non-migrants	60	15	40	11,905	5,690	6,215
Migrants	105	55	50	8,600	4,345	4,255
Internal migrants	95	50	45	7,310	3,650	3,665
Intraprovincial migrants	55	40	20	4,950	2,470	2,480
Interprovincial migrants	35	10	25	2,360	1,180	1,180
External migrants	10	10	10	1,290	700	590
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,045	1,515	1,525	134,470	65,395	69,080
Non-movers	2,595	1,260	1,330	82,345	40,260	42,085
Movers	450	255	190	52,120	25,130	26,990
Non-migrants	210	125	90	28,195	13,385	14,810
Migrants	240	135	105	23,925	11,750	12,175
Internal migrants	225	130	100	20,410	9,845	10,565
Intraprovincial migrants	135	75	60	13,795	6,605	7,190
Interprovincial migrants	90	50	40	6,620	3,240	3,375
External migrants	15	10	10	3,515	1,905	1,610

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Richmond, Subd. C, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. C, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick