Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Richmond, Subd. B, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Brantford Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,512	...	...	134,203	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,573	...	...	135,501	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.9	...	...	-1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,251	...	...	54,419	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	729	...	...	52,530	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.3	...	...	125.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	648.90	...	...	1,073.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,515	780	735	134,200	65,395	68,805
0 to 14 years	120	65	55	23,600	12,010	11,590
0 to 4 years	35	15	20	7,500	3,795	3,705
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	8,140	4,125	4,015
10 to 14 years	40	20	20	7,960	4,085	3,875
15 to 64 years	905	455	445	86,965	42,770	44,195
15 to 19 years	65	35	25	8,165	4,205	3,965
20 to 24 years	55	30	30	7,980	3,990	3,985
25 to 29 years	45	20	25	7,775	3,830	3,945
30 to 34 years	60	30	30	8,290	4,045	4,245
35 to 39 years	50	20	25	8,185	4,010	4,170
40 to 44 years	80	40	40	8,385	4,140	4,250
45 to 49 years	95	50	45	8,715	4,280	4,440
50 to 54 years	120	55	65	10,320	5,050	5,275
55 to 59 years	145	60	85	9,965	4,815	5,145
60 to 64 years	195	110	80	9,185	4,400	4,785
65 years and over	490	260	230	23,635	10,615	13,020
65 to 69 years	175	95	80	7,865	3,805	4,050
70 to 74 years	120	70	55	5,470	2,570	2,900
75 to 79 years	90	45	45	3,930	1,810	2,125
80 to 84 years	55	35	25	3,025	1,280	1,750
85 years and over	40	15	25	3,345	1,145	2,200
85 to 89 years	25	10	10	2,055	745	1,310
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	1,010	345	670
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	245	60	185
100 years and over	0	0	0	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.9	8.3	7.5	17.6	18.4	16.8
15 to 64 years	59.7	58.3	60.5	64.8	65.4	64.2
65 years and over	32.3	33.3	31.3	17.6	16.2	18.9
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.4	2.5	1.8	3.2
Average age of the population	52.4	52.4	52.4	41.2	40.2	42.2
Median age of the population	57.5	58.7	56.6	41.8	40.7	42.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	730	...	...	52,530	...	...
Single-detached house	695	...	...	35,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,895	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20	...	...	13,455	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,740	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	4,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	4,620	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	195	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	730	...	...	52,530	...	...
1 person	225	...	...	13,510	...	...
2 persons	330	...	...	18,205	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	8,600	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	7,595	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	4,625	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,505	...	...	131,640	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,390	715	675	110,605	53,385	57,215
Married or living common law	855	430	425	64,245	32,105	32,135
Married	735	370	360	52,920	26,450	26,470
Living common law	125	60	65	11,325	5,660	5,665
Not married and not living common law	535	280	250	46,355	21,280	25,080
Never married	295	175	115	28,400	15,370	13,030
Separated	30	20	15	4,045	1,715	2,330
Divorced	90	55	40	6,885	2,715	4,170
Widowed	120	35	80	7,030	1,475	5,555
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	490	...	...	38,765	...	...
2 persons	340	...	...	19,535	...	...
3 persons	85	...	...	8,565	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	7,330	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	3,340	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	490	...	...	38,765	...	...
Total couple families	425	...	...	31,610	...	...
Married couples	360	...	...	25,950	...	...
Common-law couples	60	...	...	5,660	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	65	...	...	7,160	...	...
Female parent	50	...	...	5,620	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	425	...	...	31,605	...	...
Couples without children	290	...	...	15,300	...	...
Couples with children	135	...	...	16,310	...	...
1 child	75	...	...	6,430	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	6,745	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	3,135	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	7,160	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	4,235	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	2,140	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	290	160	130	19,620	9,230	10,390
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	730	...	...	52,530	...	...
One-census-family households	475	...	...	36,400	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	280	...	...	14,380	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	190	...	...	22,020	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	1,165	...	...
Non-census-family households	250	...	...	14,970	...	...
One-person households	230	...	...	13,505	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	15	...	...	1,460	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,510	780	730	132,745	64,830	67,920
English only	1,205	615	590	125,870	62,025	63,845
French only	5	0	5	35	15	20
English and French	300	160	135	6,020	2,475	3,545
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	830	315	510
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,510	780	730	132,745	64,825	67,920
English	1,350	680	665	130,600	63,905	66,695
French	155	90	65	1,210	565	645
English and French	10	5	0	145	65	80
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	790	295	500
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	155	95	65	1,285	590	685
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	10.3	12.2	8.9	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,515	785	735	132,745	64,825	67,920
Single responses	1,495	775	720	131,350	64,175	67,170
Official languages	1,470	760	710	117,930	57,750	60,180
English	1,300	665	640	116,640	57,140	59,500
French	170	95	70	1,285	605	680
Non-official languages	25	15	10	13,420	6,425	6,995
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	45	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	13,380	6,405	6,970
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	370	195	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	355	185	165
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	285	155	135
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	650	300	355
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	630	285	340
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	485	175	310
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	425	150	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	10,020	4,860	5,160
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,585	1,185	1,400
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,170	1,380
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Czech	0	0	0	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	1,725	780	950
Russian	0	0	0	120	45	70
Serbian	0	0	0	115	60	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	270	120	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	2,025	965	1,060
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	0	0	0	1,045	530	520
Frisian	0	0	0	35	20	10
German	20	10	10	820	360	455
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	165	95	75
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,295	1,155	1,140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,200	1,110	1,090
Bengali	0	0	0	60	25	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	135	125
Hindi	0	0	0	165	80	80
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,350	675	675
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	295	155	140
Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	2,890	1,425	1,460
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,315	655	660
Portuguese	0	0	0	835	410	425
Romanian	0	0	0	145	70	75
Spanish	0	0	0	590	295	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	195	85	115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	25	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	20	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	605	285	320
Chinese languages	0	0	0	605	285	320
Cantonese	0	0	0	215	105	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	320	155	170
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Lao	0	0	0	55	25	35
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	640	310	330
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	25	5	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	600	295	300
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	1,400	650	745
English and French	20	10	5	230	100	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,110	525	590
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,515	785	735	132,745	64,825	67,920
Single responses	1,485	760	725	130,160	63,590	66,570
Official languages	1,470	755	720	124,855	61,075	63,775
English	1,435	735	700	124,560	60,945	63,620
French	40	20	15	300	135	160
Non-official languages	15	10	5	5,300	2,515	2,790
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	5,290	2,505	2,780
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	150	70	75
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	145	65	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	485	225	255
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	475	220	250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	160	70	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	65	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	3,535	1,670	1,865
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	870	395	470
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	865	395	470
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	670	310	365
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	170	90	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	65	35	35
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	15	10	5	75	40	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,490	720	765
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,440	705	740
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	185	95	90
Hindi	0	0	0	75	40	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	980	475	505
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	150	70	80
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	935	425	510
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	340	145	195
Portuguese	0	0	0	245	110	130
Romanian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Spanish	0	0	0	295	140	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	150	60	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	45	30	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	400	205	195
Chinese languages	0	0	0	395	200	195
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	60	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	240	125	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	130	65	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	20	5	2,585	1,235	1,355
English and French	15	15	5	110	50	60
English and non-official language	10	5	0	2,420	1,165	1,260
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,515	780	730	132,750	64,830	67,920
None	1,435	735	700	124,850	61,175	63,670
English	25	15	10	2,370	1,145	1,230
French	50	30	20	1,085	430	655
Non-official language	10	5	5	4,330	2,020	2,310
Aboriginal	0	0	0	95	45	50
Non-Aboriginal	10	5	0	4,235	1,975	2,260
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,390	715	675	108,070	52,370	55,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,340	695	645	103,830	50,335	53,500
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,243	33,376	22,016	33,295	40,719	27,766
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,345	695	645	103,855	50,335	53,520
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,481	30,032	20,779	30,500	36,260	25,809
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,020	550	470	92,550	45,860	46,690
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,400	26,560	17,728	31,532	40,028	24,482
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,165	610	555	76,035	33,345	42,690
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,859	13,184	10,485	6,748	5,594	7,148
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	750	410	345	76,410	39,265	37,145
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,336	25,024	19,488	33,859	41,569	27,317
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,360	715	645	108,070	52,365	55,705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,290	685	610	103,755	50,285	53,470
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,389	44,855	24,754	42,027	49,368	35,124
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,290	685	610	103,785	50,290	53,500
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,941	36,823	22,209	35,793	41,184	30,725
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	955	540	415	92,450	45,850	46,605
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,750	42,897	21,854	40,209	48,295	32,255
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,155	605	550	76,240	33,490	42,745
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,703	12,380	10,952	8,435	8,009	8,768
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	750	435	315	76,410	39,290	37,125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,242	43,672	21,277	41,047	48,114	33,569
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,360	715	645	108,070	52,365	55,705
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	200	120	80	38,865	22,405	16,460
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,511	53,769	35,250	50,795	56,198	44,151
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,890	55,996	38,568	58,360	64,382	50,164
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	71.8	74.9	66.1	85.5	89.4	80.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	54.1	56.0	50.7	71.6	75.9	66.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	28.0	24.8	33.8	14.5	10.6	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,390	710	675	108,070	52,365	55,705
Without total income	40	15	25	4,235	2,035	2,205
With total income	1,340	695	645	103,830	50,330	53,495
Percentage with total income	96.4	97.9	95.6	96.1	96.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	80	130	13,015	5,460	7,555
$10,000 to $19,999	290	120	170	18,075	6,795	11,285
$20,000 to $29,999	225	110	125	16,235	6,520	9,715
$30,000 to $39,999	210	110	95	13,110	5,995	7,120
$40,000 to $49,999	130	70	60	11,610	5,675	5,940
$50,000 to $59,999	70	50	20	8,625	4,820	3,805
$60,000 to $69,999	60	45	20	6,310	3,835	2,470
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	15	4,315	2,760	1,560
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	10	3,435	2,210	1,225
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	3,035	1,810	1,225
$100,000 and over	45	45	5	6,060	4,455	1,610
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	0	4,505	3,260	1,245
$150,000 and over	20	20	0	1,560	1,195	360
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,390	715	670	108,070	52,365	55,705
Without after-tax income	45	15	25	4,215	2,035	2,185
With after-tax income	1,340	695	650	103,850	50,335	53,520
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	97.2	97.0	96.1	96.1	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	220	80	135	13,400	5,565	7,830
$10,000 to $19,999	305	125	180	18,945	7,135	11,810
$20,000 to $29,999	270	140	135	18,735	7,800	10,930
$30,000 to $39,999	240	125	115	15,920	7,435	8,490
$40,000 to $49,999	120	80	45	12,695	6,830	5,870
$50,000 to $59,999	65	55	15	8,295	4,970	3,320
$60,000 to $69,999	50	40	15	5,510	3,585	1,925
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	4,275	2,630	1,650
$80,000 and over	50	45	5	6,070	4,390	1,680
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	2,350	1,595	755
$90,000 to $99,999	5	10	0	1,280	935	340
$100,000 and over	25	25	0	2,440	1,860	585
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,385	710	675	108,070	52,365	55,700
Without employment income	640	305	325	31,660	13,100	18,560
With employment income	750	405	345	76,410	39,265	37,145
Percentage with employment income	54.2	57.0	51.1	70.7	75.0	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	120	60	55	10,225	4,985	5,240
$5,000 to $9,999	80	35	45	6,365	2,600	3,760
$10,000 to $19,999	150	70	80	9,870	4,020	5,850
$20,000 to $29,999	105	55	45	8,545	3,565	4,980
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	50	8,605	3,820	4,780
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	30	8,255	4,130	4,130
$50,000 to $59,999	35	25	10	6,345	3,775	2,575
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	15	4,590	3,000	1,595
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	3,390	2,225	1,160
$80,000 and over	65	55	10	10,215	7,145	3,070
$80,000 to $89,999	20	20	5	2,840	1,870	965
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	2,675	1,605	1,070
$100,000 and over	35	35	5	4,700	3,665	1,035
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	730	...	...	52,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	68,756	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,656	...	...	61,117	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	225	...	...	13,505	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,176	...	...	32,491	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,576	...	...	29,674	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	505	...	...	39,025	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,432	...	...	85,110	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,342	...	...	74,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	695	...	...	52,530	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,557	...	...	83,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,465	...	...	70,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	13,525	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,694	...	...	40,151	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,739	...	...	34,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...	39,005	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,567	...	...	97,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,673	...	...	83,202	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	725	...	...	52,530	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	490	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	520	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1,420	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	2,450	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	2,440	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	2,420	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	2,415	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	2,265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	4,250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	3,940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	3,600	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	3,340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	3,015	...	...
$100,000 and over	120	...	...	15,870	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	5,800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	3,795	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	3,945	...	...
$200,000 and over	20	...	...	2,330	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	730	...	...	52,530	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	530	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,465	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	2,000	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	2,775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	2,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	2,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	2,815	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	2,610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	5,020	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	4,490	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	4,230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	3,660	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,980	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	11,385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	5,200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,045	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	3,145	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	490	...	...	37,975	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,816	...	...	84,983	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,432	...	...	74,692	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	275	...	...	14,015	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,720	...	...	75,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,680	...	...	67,014	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	16,510	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,272	...	...	110,317	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	73,984	...	...	94,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	6,545	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,368	...	...	48,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,088	...	...	45,586	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	485	...	...	37,965	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,373	...	...	97,896	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,743	...	...	83,145	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	14,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,993	...	...	88,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,646	...	...	75,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	16,450	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,582	...	...	121,797	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,465	...	...	102,459	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	6,620	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,190	...	...	57,567	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,134	...	...	51,642	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	255	145	110	17,045	8,165	8,885
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,144	24,928	27,072	30,476	33,901	27,948
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,512	24,032	24,704	28,043	30,612	26,058
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	220	130	90	17,030	8,290	8,740
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,030	40,788	31,489	37,807	40,619	35,141
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,707	32,966	27,376	32,776	34,658	30,991
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,505	775	730	131,635	64,360	67,280
In the bottom half of the distribution	960	490	470	67,555	31,865	35,690
In the bottom decile	130	85	50	11,225	5,225	6,005
In the second decile	245	115	130	13,445	5,920	7,525
In the third decile	235	115	125	14,290	6,730	7,560
In the fourth decile	170	90	80	14,320	6,935	7,385
In the fifth decile	175	90	85	14,270	7,050	7,220
In the top half of the distribution	545	285	265	64,085	32,500	31,590
In the sixth decile	170	80	90	14,170	7,145	7,025
In the seventh decile	150	80	65	14,080	7,165	6,915
In the eighth decile	80	40	40	13,900	7,000	6,895
In the ninth decile	95	55	45	12,905	6,550	6,355
In the top decile	50	30	25	9,035	4,635	4,400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,510	780	730	131,640	64,360	67,280
0 to 17 years	165	90	75	28,485	14,570	13,915
0 to 5 years	45	30	25	9,045	4,570	4,480
18 to 64 years	860	430	425	81,315	39,705	41,610
65 years and over	490	260	230	21,835	10,085	11,755
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	300	165	135	17,510	7,845	9,670
0 to 17 years	40	25	15	4,945	2,490	2,455
0 to 5 years	15	10	0	1,710	850	860
18 to 64 years	160	85	65	10,165	4,540	5,630
65 years and over	105	55	55	2,400	815	1,590
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.9	21.2	18.5	13.3	12.2	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	24.2	27.8	20.0	17.4	17.1	17.6
0 to 5 years (%)	33.3	33.3	0.0	18.9	18.6	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	18.6	19.8	15.3	12.5	11.4	13.5
65 years and over (%)	21.4	21.2	23.9	11.0	8.1	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	50	20	8,210	3,950	4,265
0 to 17 years	0	5	0	2,060	1,035	1,025
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	720	345	375
18 to 64 years	65	45	20	5,800	2,770	3,030
65 years and over	5	5	0	350	140	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	6.4	2.7	6.2	6.1	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	5.6	0.0	7.2	7.1	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.0	7.5	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	10.5	4.7	7.1	7.0	7.3
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.9	0.0	1.6	1.4	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,510	795	715	131,640	64,360	67,280
Official languages	1,510	795	715	130,860	64,075	66,785
English	1,500	795	705	130,835	64,065	66,775
French	325	175	145	6,000	2,590	3,405
Non-official languages	20	20	0	16,845	8,205	8,640
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	170	90	85
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	30	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	10	30
Mohawk	0	0	0	125	70	55
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	16,680	8,125	8,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	635	305	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	635	300	330
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	530	270	265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	775	370	400
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	760	365	395
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	640	250	385
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	35	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	615	245	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	35
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	45	65
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	55	30	30
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	12,525	6,170	6,355
Albanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,865	1,340	1,525
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,825	1,325	1,500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	155	75	75
Czech	0	0	0	65	35	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,930	885	1,045
Russian	0	0	0	195	95	100
Serbian	0	0	0	175	95	80
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	115	75	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	310	130	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,575	1,235	1,345
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	30	15
Danish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dutch	0	0	0	1,370	725	650
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	15
German	0	0	0	1,105	485	615
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	220	105	110
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,820	1,465	1,355
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,750	1,430	1,325
Bengali	0	0	0	55	20	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	355	195	165
Hindi	0	0	0	820	425	395
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,745	900	845
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	540	285	260
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,160	2,095	2,065
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,730	930	800
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,125	565	555
Romanian	0	0	0	200	85	120
Spanish	0	0	0	1,255	605	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	255	105	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	100	60	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	40	20	25
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	180	80	95
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	25	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	55	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	740	365	375
Chinese languages	0	0	0	735	360	375
Cantonese	0	0	0	295	150	150
Hakka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	460	225	230
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	100	40	60
Lao	0	0	0	95	35	55
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	745	385	365
Estonian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Finnish	0	0	0	45	10	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	655	350	310
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,510	795	710	131,640	64,355	67,280
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,500	790	710	128,295	62,710	65,580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	230	125	100	28,325	14,445	13,875
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,275	665	605	99,975	48,260	51,710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	0	10	3,340	1,645	1,700
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,510	795	710	131,635	64,355	67,280
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,490	785	705	114,820	56,075	58,745
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20	0	10	16,470	8,105	8,365
Before 1981	10	10	0	8,215	4,140	4,075
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	2,140	1,025	1,115
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,455	1,165	1,285
2001 to 2010	0	0	10	2,555	1,230	1,325
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,325	635	695
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,225	600	630
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	1,105	540	560
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	350	180	170
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	10	15	16,470	8,105	8,365
Under 5 years	0	0	0	2,040	1,100	940
5 to 14 years	0	0	10	3,405	1,760	1,645
15 to 24 years	0	10	0	4,555	2,075	2,475
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	5,445	2,650	2,790
45 years and over	10	10	0	1,025	510	515
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	15	16,470	8,105	8,365
Americas	20	10	10	2,210	1,065	1,145
Brazil	0	0	0	105	35	70
Colombia	0	0	0	85	35	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	15	30
Guyana	0	0	0	90	50	40
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	455	245	210
Mexico	0	0	0	95	25	75
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	150	95	50
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	10	815	355	460
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	350	200	155
Europe	0	0	0	9,445	4,725	4,725
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatia	0	0	0	125	65	65
France	0	0	0	60	40	20
Germany	0	0	0	535	265	270
Greece	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hungary	0	0	0	265	135	135
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	120	50	65
Italy	0	0	0	965	515	445
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,115	615	500
Poland	0	0	0	1,280	555	725
Portugal	0	0	0	570	300	270
Romania	0	0	0	175	80	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	40	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	3,270	1,640	1,630
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	610	300	310
Africa	0	0	0	380	205	175
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	45	20	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	195	100	100
Asia	0	0	0	4,340	2,055	2,285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	15	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	405	175	225
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	40	25	15
India	0	0	0	1,590	785	800
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	45	25	20
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	135	60	75
Lebanon	0	0	0	80	35	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	345	190	160
Philippines	0	0	0	615	245	370
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	15	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	535	250	280
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	395	190	205
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	95	65	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	1,100	540	560
Americas	10	10	0	200	115	85
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	25	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	90	55	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	20	20
Europe	0	0	0	165	90	75
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	85	60	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	15	25
Africa	0	0	0	80	45	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	25	25
Asia	0	0	0	650	285	360
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	55	20	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	230	110	125
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Philippines	0	0	0	150	70	75
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	65	20	40
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	20	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,505	795	715	131,640	64,360	67,280
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30	10	15	17,350	8,565	8,785
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	55	25	25	24,895	12,130	12,755
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,420	750	670	89,395	43,655	45,735
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	10	10	8,510	4,110	4,400
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,510	1,815	1,700
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,350	875	480
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,160	940	1,220
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	10	3,740	1,590	2,150
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,230	690	545
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,510	795	715	131,640	64,360	67,280
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	160	90	75	6,335	2,955	3,380
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	165	85	80	6,135	2,865	3,270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	35	15	15	5,030	2,250	2,775
Métis	125	70	60	1,080	605	475
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	105	45	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,345	710	635	125,305	61,410	63,900
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,505	795	715	131,640	64,360	67,280
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	35	25	10	3,675	1,610	2,065
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,470	765	700	127,965	62,750	65,215
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,510	790	715	131,640	64,360	67,280
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	20	15	1,750	750	995
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	20	15	1,720	730	985
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,615	695	920
Métis single ancestry	30	20	15	95	35	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	155	85	70	5,995	2,885	3,110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	150	80	70	5,855	2,805	3,050
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	20	4,880	2,300	2,580
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	45	55	955	500	450
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	140	80	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,320	695	625	123,895	60,725	63,175
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,510	795	710	131,640	64,355	67,280
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	10	0	10,240	5,115	5,125
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	3,310	1,685	1,625
Chinese	0	0	0	890	405	485
Black	0	0	0	2,235	1,170	1,070
Filipino	0	0	0	820	380	440
Latin American	0	0	0	500	240	260
Arab	0	0	0	445	220	225
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,075	515	560
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Korean	0	0	0	290	130	165
Japanese	0	0	0	70	40	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	225	125	100
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	325	185	140
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,500	790	715	121,400	59,240	62,155
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,510	795	715	131,640	64,355	67,280
North American Aboriginal origins	190	100	85	7,745	3,635	4,105
First Nations (North American Indian)	65	40	20	6,645	3,090	3,560
Inuit	0	0	0	50	20	30
Métis	130	65	65	1,220	630	585
Other North American origins	620	320	300	44,510	21,395	23,115
Acadian	55	25	30	215	100	115
American	0	0	0	1,505	625	875
Canadian	570	300	275	43,105	20,810	22,300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	260	105	160
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Québécois	0	0	0	65	50	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	40	15	20
European origins	1,240	645	590	100,095	48,780	51,315
British Isles origins	885	445	440	70,730	33,980	36,750
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	390	200	190	44,605	21,210	23,395
Irish	295	125	165	25,490	12,070	13,415
Manx	0	0	0	35	20	10
Scottish	535	275	260	30,605	14,550	16,060
Welsh	15	10	0	2,800	1,330	1,470
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	4,335	2,085	2,250
French origins	765	405	360	12,635	6,030	6,605
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	760	400	360	12,630	6,025	6,605
Western European origins (except French origins)	100	45	50	27,680	13,520	14,165
Austrian	0	0	0	580	305	280
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,305	590	715
Dutch	15	0	15	10,560	5,285	5,280
Flemish	0	0	0	15	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	60	25	35
German	90	45	45	17,010	8,165	8,845
Luxembourger	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	410	205	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	35	20	15	2,425	1,190	1,235
Danish	10	10	0	705	340	370
Finnish	10	0	10	435	200	235
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	30	65
Norwegian	0	0	0	535	295	245
Swedish	15	10	10	620	315	300
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	145	65	75
Eastern European origins	25	10	10	16,860	8,265	8,595
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	65	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Czech	0	0	0	385	195	190
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	200	100	90
Estonian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,150	2,165	1,980
Latvian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Lithuanian	10	0	0	260	120	135
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	7,185	3,385	3,800
Romanian	0	0	0	675	305	370
Russian	0	0	0	890	440	450
Slovak	0	0	0	345	205	140
Ukrainian	10	10	10	4,570	2,240	2,320
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins	30	10	15	13,200	6,750	6,455
Albanian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	415	205	205
Cypriot	0	0	0	35	20	15
Greek	0	0	0	610	310	310
Italian	30	15	15	8,070	4,210	3,860
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maltese	0	0	0	545	285	260
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	2,460	1,270	1,190
Serbian	0	0	0	340	180	160
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	125	75	50
Spanish	0	0	0	850	380	475
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	265	130	135
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	10	0	510	235	270
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	10	0	0	215	100	110
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	245	100	145
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	1,940	1,055	885
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cuban	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dominican	0	0	0	65	45	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,090	555	540
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	145	75	75
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,120	550	570
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	125	60	70
Chilean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	35	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	65	30	30
Guyanese	0	0	0	250	125	125
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	15	10
Honduran	0	0	0	30	20	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	175	80	100
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	80	30	50
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	75	40	30
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	65	35	35
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	20	15
African origins	0	0	0	1,030	490	545
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	110	60	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	15	10
North African origins	0	0	0	200	105	95
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	120	50	65
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	35	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	230	105	125
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	100	45	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	70	35	35
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	540	245	295
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	130	35	90
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	415	210	205
Asian origins	10	0	0	7,840	3,865	3,975
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	985	470	510
Afghan	0	0	0	70	40	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Armenian	0	0	0	175	80	100
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	25	30
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	155	70	85
Palestinian	10	0	0	210	110	105
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	55	25	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	10	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	15	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	3,450	1,750	1,705
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	35	10	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,700	1,395	1,310
Goan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	380	205	175
Punjabi	0	0	0	310	165	140
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	65	25	35
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	115	60	55
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	3,465	1,665	1,805
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese	0	0	0	1,160	540	615
Filipino	0	0	0	960	450	515
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	90	60	35
Japanese	0	0	0	95	60	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	315	140	180
Laotian	0	0	0	155	75	85
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	855	410	440
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	155	70	80
Australian	0	0	0	115	50	65
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	695	...	...	52,530	...	...
Owner	610	...	...	38,005	...	...
Renter	85	...	...	14,525	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	4,040	...	...
Not condominium	690	...	...	48,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	175	...	...
1 bedroom	45	...	...	4,780	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...	11,765	...	...
3 bedrooms	375	...	...	22,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	125	...	...	13,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	125	...	...	9,065	...	...
5 rooms	175	...	...	6,750	...	...
6 rooms	130	...	...	8,540	...	...
7 rooms	95	...	...	8,720	...	...
8 or more rooms	175	...	...	19,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	700	...	...	52,200	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
Suitable	685	...	...	50,795	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
1960 or before	275	...	...	18,650	...	...
1961 to 1980	190	...	...	14,670	...	...
1981 to 1990	100	...	...	5,675	...	...
1991 to 2000	75	...	...	5,050	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	3,330	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	2,885	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	695	...	...	52,530	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	575	...	...	48,985	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	3,550	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	700	...	...	52,530	...	...
1 household maintainer	480	...	...	30,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	210	...	...	21,455	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	695	...	...	52,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,260	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	6,895	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	8,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	100	...	...	10,645	...	...
55 to 64 years	150	...	...	10,980	...	...
65 to 74 years	170	...	...	8,000	...	...
75 to 84 years	115	...	...	4,355	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	1,710	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	700	...	...	51,945	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	590	...	...	39,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	110	...	...	12,110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	95	...	...	11,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	615	...	...	37,480	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	39.3	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	14.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	443	...	...	1,155	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	624	...	...	1,227	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,049	...	...	300,113	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	192,462	...	...	337,344	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	85	...	...	14,490	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	35.3	...	...	15.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.3	...	...	45.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	576	...	...	901	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	626	...	...	926	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,360	715	645	108,065	52,365	55,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	415	240	165	22,370	11,575	10,795
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	330	135	195	33,675	16,285	17,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	615	340	280	52,025	24,505	27,520
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	205	175	25	8,380	6,075	2,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	100	30	4,010	2,525	1,485
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	80	80	0	4,365	3,550	815
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	305	105	200	26,935	11,220	15,715
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	1,550	740	810
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	80	45	35	15,160	6,475	8,685
Bachelor's degree	45	30	20	10,770	4,340	6,430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	10	1,110	455	655
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	435	315	120
Master's degree	10	0	10	2,515	1,175	1,340
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	340	190	145
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	740	370	375	70,150	34,220	35,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	85	45	9,170	5,260	3,905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	185	60	120	21,165	10,710	10,460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	430	225	205	39,820	18,250	21,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	125	25	5,770	4,185	1,585
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	90	60	30	2,725	1,725	1,005
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	65	0	3,045	2,465	580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	225	75	145	21,245	8,815	12,425
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	1,060	510	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	10	30	11,740	4,735	7,000
Bachelor's degree	35	15	20	8,390	3,270	5,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	890	340	545
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	330	210	120
Master's degree	10	0	0	1,865	770	1,095
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	260	140	120
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,360	715	645	108,070	52,365	55,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	745	380	370	56,040	27,860	28,185
Education	35	10	25	3,280	830	2,450
13. Education	35	10	25	3,285	830	2,450
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	2,025	915	1,105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	415	295	120
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	1,610	615	990
Humanities	15	10	10	2,570	1,015	1,560
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	170	60	115
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	635	190	440
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	685	225	455
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	125	70	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	395	225	165
54. History	0	0	0	470	230	240
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	90	10	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	5,270	1,435	3,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	505	185	325
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,490	105	1,390
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	645	180	465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	110	15	90
42. Psychology	0	0	0	715	145	570
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,755	795	960
Business, management and public administration	115	15	100	9,435	3,385	6,050
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	20	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	15	1,365	215	1,145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	15	90	8,020	3,150	4,875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	1,505	770	740
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	540	225	315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	340	165	170
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	500	340	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	35	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	0	25	1,350	830	520
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	0	25	1,005	700	315
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	10	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	220	120	100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	235	235	0	11,805	11,220	585
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	355	285	70
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,115	970	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	2,700	2,510	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	75	0	2,120	2,065	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	3,230	3,165	65
48. Precision production	85	85	0	2,285	2,225	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	1,195	710	485
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	855	520	335
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	340	200	145
Health and related fields	70	0	70	9,385	1,390	7,990
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	865	365	505
51. Health professions and related programs	65	0	70	8,405	935	7,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	110	90	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	45	25	4,170	2,010	2,155
12. Personal and culinary services	35	10	25	2,115	410	1,705
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,320	905	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	35	0	715	680	30
Other	0	0	0	40	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	35	0	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	740	370	375	70,150	34,220	35,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	310	140	170	30,330	15,970	14,365
Education	10	0	10	2,325	510	1,815
13. Education	10	0	0	2,325	510	1,815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,545	685	855
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	300	215	80
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10	1,245	475	775
Humanities	0	0	0	1,890	705	1,180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	115	30	85
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	475	135	345
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	550	180	370
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	70	45	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	250	135	120
54. History	0	0	0	355	180	180
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	0	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	4,160	1,050	3,105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	440	165	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,250	75	1,175
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	555	130	425
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	10	65
42. Psychology	0	0	0	500	95	405
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,300	575	730
Business, management and public administration	80	10	80	7,470	2,655	4,810
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	15	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,180	175	1,010
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	0	70	6,255	2,465	3,790
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	1,160	575	590
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	425	165	265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	255	140	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	380	240	145
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	20	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	0	25	1,125	715	410
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	0	25	855	615	240
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	170	80	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	160	160	0	8,740	8,255	485
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	275	205	65
14. Engineering	10	0	0	810	680	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	2,100	1,940	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	1,515	1,460	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	20	0	2,400	2,360	40
48. Precision production	70	70	0	1,645	1,605	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	950	515	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	680	370	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	270	145	120
Health and related fields	45	0	45	7,280	1,065	6,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	670	265	415
51. Health professions and related programs	45	0	40	6,520	735	5,785
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	65	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	30	25	3,150	1,515	1,635
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	25	1,510	295	1,215
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,055	680	375
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	575	540	35
Other	0	0	0	35	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	35	0	30
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,360	715	645	108,070	52,365	55,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	745	380	365	56,040	27,860	28,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	615	340	280	52,030	24,505	27,520
Location of study inside Canada	605	335	270	46,925	21,745	25,180
Same as province or territory of residence	535	305	230	45,185	20,890	24,295
Different than province or territory of residence	80	35	40	1,745	855	885
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	5,100	2,765	2,340
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	1,230	630	595
Philippines	0	0	0	325	135	185
India	0	0	0	575	315	265
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	885	590	300
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	150	60	90
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,910	1,015	895
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	740	365	370	70,150	34,220	35,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	145	165	30,335	15,970	14,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	430	225	205	39,815	18,255	21,565
Location of study inside Canada	425	220	205	36,490	16,630	19,860
Same as province or territory of residence	380	200	175	35,195	16,020	19,170
Different than province or territory of residence	45	20	20	1,300	605	695
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,325	1,625	1,705
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	860	395	465
Philippines	0	0	0	260	95	165
India	0	0	0	510	275	235
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	295	170	120
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	135	60	80
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other	0	0	0	1,250	625	625
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,360	715	640	108,070	52,365	55,700
In the labour force	700	410	295	70,065	36,290	33,775
Employed	545	300	245	65,765	34,190	31,570
Unemployed	150	105	45	4,300	2,100	2,205
Not in the labour force	660	310	355	38,005	16,080	21,925
Participation rate	51.5	57.3	46.1	64.8	69.3	60.6
Employment rate	40.1	42.0	38.3	60.9	65.3	56.7
Unemployment rate	21.4	25.6	15.3	6.1	5.8	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,360	715	645	108,070	52,365	55,705
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	630	275	355	35,595	14,920	20,675
Worked	730	440	290	72,475	37,440	35,030
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	210	125	90	39,770	22,955	16,810
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	515	315	200	32,705	14,485	18,220
Average weeks worked in reference year	32.6	31.3	34.5	43.5	44.2	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	700	405	290	70,065	36,290	33,780
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	20	1,150	500	645
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	675	405	270	68,910	35,785	33,130
Employee	620	365	255	62,015	31,510	30,500
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	55	40	15	6,905	4,275	2,625
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	695	405	295	70,065	36,290	33,780
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	20	1,155	505	650
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	675	400	275	68,915	35,785	33,130
0 Management occupations	25	20	10	7,010	4,285	2,720
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	0	55	9,395	2,710	6,685
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	10	15	3,175	2,570	605
3 Health occupations	30	0	25	4,310	685	3,625
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	15	30	7,000	1,910	5,090
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	1,570	675	900
6 Sales and service occupations	165	65	95	16,160	6,135	10,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	195	195	0	12,165	11,225	940
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	100	70	30	1,410	1,055	360
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	20	10	6,715	4,545	2,170
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	700	405	295	70,065	36,290	33,775
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	20	1,150	500	645
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	675	400	270	68,915	35,785	33,130
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	75	45	1,545	1,000	540
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	125	115	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	415	300	115
23 Construction	65	65	0	5,155	4,410	745
31-33 Manufacturing	70	45	25	11,995	8,710	3,285
41 Wholesale trade	15	15	0	3,240	2,245	1,005
44-45 Retail trade	60	35	25	8,150	3,575	4,580
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	40	10	3,675	2,635	1,035
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	910	490	425
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	1,685	710	980
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	870	480	385
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	10	3,015	1,575	1,440
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	65	40	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	3,545	1,900	1,650
61 Educational services	40	25	15	4,645	1,180	3,465
62 Health care and social assistance	55	0	50	7,870	1,105	6,770
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	1,700	820	880
72 Accommodation and food services	45	10	35	4,670	1,565	3,100
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	40	15	3,055	1,545	1,505
91 Public administration	40	25	20	2,575	1,390	1,185
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	545	300	245	65,765	34,195	31,570
Worked at home	40	10	30	4,010	1,910	2,095
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	205	175	30
No fixed workplace address	110	80	30	7,095	5,305	1,785
Worked at usual place	395	215	185	54,460	26,795	27,665
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	395	210	185	54,460	26,800	27,660
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	75	40	28,105	12,515	15,585
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	170	50	125	8,500	4,005	4,490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	85	70	20	17,770	10,220	7,550
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	85	50	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	510	295	215	61,550	32,105	29,450
Car, truck, van - as a driver	445	255	190	51,820	27,475	24,345
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	10	15	4,460	2,145	2,315
Public transit	10	10	0	1,915	750	1,165
Walked	30	25	10	2,335	1,040	1,295
Bicycle	0	0	0	510	430	80
Other method	10	10	0	510	255	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	505	295	215	61,550	32,105	29,450
Less than 15 minutes	190	105	85	22,455	10,240	12,215
15 to 29 minutes	135	55	80	18,615	9,260	9,355
30 to 44 minutes	50	30	20	9,880	5,745	4,140
45 to 59 minutes	70	45	20	5,325	3,205	2,120
60 minutes and over	65	55	10	5,275	3,650	1,620
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	505	295	210	61,550	32,100	29,450
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	40	0	5,365	3,885	1,480
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	70	45	12,480	7,965	4,515
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	130	75	55	14,810	7,400	7,410
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	80	30	55	11,070	4,065	7,005
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	10	30	5,290	1,980	3,310
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	100	75	25	12,535	6,810	5,725
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	755	440	310	74,645	38,465	36,180
Single responses	755	440	310	74,290	38,320	35,975
Official languages	750	435	310	74,115	38,230	35,885
English	740	430	305	73,910	38,190	35,720
French	10	10	0	205	40	165
Non-official languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	30	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	355	145	210
English and French	0	0	0	120	35	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	235	115	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	750	435	315	74,645	38,460	36,180
None	715	425	295	73,055	37,765	35,290
English	0	0	0	260	70	195
French	35	15	20	540	225	315
Non-official language	0	0	0	770	395	370
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	750	395	355
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,490	790	700	130,115	63,585	66,535
Non-movers	1,410	750	660	113,460	55,640	57,815
Movers	80	40	40	16,655	7,940	8,715
Non-migrants	15	0	10	9,825	4,595	5,230
Migrants	70	35	35	6,830	3,345	3,485
Internal migrants	65	35	35	6,510	3,190	3,320
Intraprovincial migrants	60	35	25	6,115	2,995	3,115
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	395	195	195
External migrants	0	0	0	325	155	165
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,465	775	690	124,155	60,620	63,535
Non-movers	1,235	645	585	79,485	38,850	40,640
Movers	235	130	105	44,670	21,775	22,900
Non-migrants	60	35	25	25,035	12,095	12,935
Migrants	170	90	80	19,635	9,675	9,960
Internal migrants	170	95	80	18,285	8,995	9,285
Intraprovincial migrants	130	65	65	17,250	8,485	8,765
Interprovincial migrants	45	25	15	1,030	505	520
External migrants	0	0	0	1,355	680	670

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Richmond, Subd. B, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario