Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia and Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lions Bay British Columbia [Population centre]			Saanich--Gulf Islands British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,334	...	...	107,339	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,318	...	...	104,285	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	547	...	...	50,773	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	495	...	...	44,963	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	526.7	...	...	214.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.53	...	...	499.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,330	670	665	107,340	51,390	55,950
0 to 14 years	210	110	100	13,180	6,710	6,470
0 to 4 years	50	25	20	3,720	1,865	1,855
5 to 9 years	70	40	30	4,480	2,315	2,170
10 to 14 years	90	40	45	4,980	2,535	2,445
15 to 64 years	835	410	430	63,185	30,370	32,815
15 to 19 years	80	35	40	5,840	2,930	2,905
20 to 24 years	55	30	25	6,425	3,370	3,060
25 to 29 years	45	25	15	4,170	2,180	1,990
30 to 34 years	45	20	20	4,350	2,135	2,215
35 to 39 years	55	30	30	4,780	2,280	2,500
40 to 44 years	100	45	55	5,410	2,510	2,900
45 to 49 years	105	45	60	6,385	2,995	3,395
50 to 54 years	125	55	65	7,615	3,610	4,005
55 to 59 years	120	60	60	8,680	3,925	4,765
60 to 64 years	120	60	65	9,525	4,440	5,085
65 years and over	290	150	135	30,970	14,310	16,660
65 to 69 years	110	55	60	9,720	4,590	5,130
70 to 74 years	95	55	45	7,220	3,495	3,725
75 to 79 years	40	25	20	5,150	2,445	2,705
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	3,950	1,870	2,075
85 years and over	20	10	10	4,930	1,910	3,025
85 to 89 years	5	10	5	2,860	1,175	1,680
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	1,620	605	1,015
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	415	115	300
100 years and over	0	0	0	35	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.4	15.0	12.3	13.1	11.6
15 to 64 years	62.8	61.2	64.7	58.9	59.1	58.7
65 years and over	21.8	22.4	20.3	28.9	27.8	29.8
85 years and over	1.5	1.5	1.5	4.6	3.7	5.4
Average age of the population	45.0	45.0	45.1	48.1	47.0	49.1
Median age of the population	49.2	49.7	48.9	52.2	50.9	53.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	495	...	...	44,960	...	...
Single-detached house	470	...	...	27,390	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	335	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25	...	...	16,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,550	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	3,075	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	7,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	4,500	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	495	...	...	44,965	...	...
1 person	60	...	...	12,070	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	18,520	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	6,120	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	5,345	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	2,905	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,335	...	...	105,010	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,130	560	565	94,155	44,680	49,475
Married or living common law	815	405	405	58,035	28,905	29,130
Married	680	340	340	50,015	24,915	25,100
Living common law	135	70	65	8,020	3,990	4,025
Not married and not living common law	315	155	160	36,120	15,770	20,350
Never married	210	125	95	21,125	11,290	9,830
Separated	15	0	10	1,975	845	1,125
Divorced	50	20	30	6,355	2,235	4,120
Widowed	40	5	30	6,670	1,400	5,270
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	435	...	...	31,985	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...	19,535	...	...
3 persons	85	...	...	5,790	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	5,035	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	435	...	...	31,985	...	...
Total couple families	405	...	...	28,265	...	...
Married couples	335	...	...	24,255	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	4,005	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	30	...	...	3,720	...	...
Female parent	30	...	...	2,835	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	400	...	...	28,265	...	...
Couples without children	220	...	...	17,115	...	...
Couples with children	185	...	...	11,145	...	...
1 child	70	...	...	4,775	...	...
2 children	85	...	...	4,810	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	3,720	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	2,420	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	1,015	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	115	60	60	19,865	8,285	11,580
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	495	...	...	44,965	...	...
One-census-family households	410	...	...	30,055	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	200	...	...	16,160	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	210	...	...	13,895	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	950	...	...
Non-census-family households	75	...	...	13,965	...	...
One-person households	60	...	...	12,070	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	1,895	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,335	665	665	106,205	50,930	55,275
English only	1,155	580	570	94,945	46,030	48,915
French only	0	0	0	20	5	15
English and French	175	85	95	10,075	4,420	5,655
Neither English nor French	10	0	5	1,165	475	690
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,335	665	665	106,210	50,930	55,275
English	1,300	655	650	103,540	49,760	53,780
French	15	10	5	1,250	580	670
English and French	10	5	10	275	125	145
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	1,145	465	680
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	20	10	10	1,385	640	745
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,330	665	665	106,205	50,930	55,275
Single responses	1,310	655	660	104,875	50,330	54,540
Official languages	1,070	545	530	88,960	43,015	45,950
English	1,060	540	520	87,655	42,410	45,250
French	15	10	10	1,305	605	700
Non-official languages	240	110	130	15,910	7,315	8,595
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	70	35	35
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	240	110	130	15,775	7,255	8,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	360	200	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	340	185	155
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	280	155	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	85	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	175	85	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	775	275	500
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	15	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	650	230	420
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	55	25	30
Telugu	0	0	0	25	20	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	80	95	7,870	3,740	4,130
Albanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	1,245	590	655
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Latvian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slavic languages	40	25	20	1,200	570	640
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	155	85	70
Czech	5	5	0	95	55	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Polish	25	15	15	280	125	155
Russian	5	5	0	275	115	155
Serbian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ukrainian	5	0	5	200	90	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	85	40	40	2,850	1,305	1,540
Afrikaans	5	5	5	50	25	30
Danish	0	0	5	175	70	100
Dutch	15	5	5	785	380	405
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	55	25	30	1,625	740	880
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	90	40	55
Swedish	0	0	0	90	35	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	125	75	50
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	1,915	955	960
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,705	845	865
Bengali	0	0	0	60	30	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	35
Hindi	0	0	0	155	90	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,295	625	670
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	50	35	20
Iranian languages	10	5	5	210	110	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	205	110	95
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	30	1,660	775	885
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	10	5	0	360	180	175
Portuguese	0	0	0	450	205	245
Romanian	10	5	0	85	40	50
Spanish	20	5	20	755	345	410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	10	5	5	450	150	295
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	450	190	255
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	5
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	5,085	2,315	2,770
Chinese languages	40	15	20	5,065	2,300	2,765
Cantonese	10	5	5	2,225	1,015	1,205
Hakka	0	0	0	20	5	15
Mandarin	20	10	10	2,445	1,115	1,335
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	95	40	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	65	25	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	210	95	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	80	25	55
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	75	20	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	295	145	155
Estonian	0	0	5	20	5	15
Finnish	0	0	0	70	30	45
Hungarian	5	5	0	205	110	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	20	10	10	1,335	600	735
English and French	10	5	5	230	100	135
English and non-official language	15	10	5	1,055	480	575
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,335	670	665	106,205	50,935	55,275
Single responses	1,305	655	650	103,605	49,775	53,835
Official languages	1,220	615	605	96,945	46,675	50,275
English	1,220	610	605	96,675	46,555	50,120
French	5	0	0	275	120	155
Non-official languages	80	40	45	6,660	3,105	3,560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	20	5	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	45	6,635	3,095	3,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	70	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	155	70	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	135	60	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	100	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	240	110	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	230	105	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	25	30	2,175	1,035	1,135
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	350	160	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	345	160	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	65	30	35
Russian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	330	155	175
Afrikaans	5	0	0	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dutch	5	0	5	90	40	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	10	200	100	105
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	950	455	500
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	845	395	450
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	665	300	370
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	45	30	15
Iranian languages	10	5	5	110	60	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	105	55	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	505	250	260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	60	25	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	165	80	90
Romanian	5	0	5	20	10	15
Spanish	10	5	10	260	135	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	165	70	90
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	305	135	175
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	3,320	1,530	1,795
Chinese languages	20	10	10	3,310	1,520	1,790
Cantonese	5	0	0	1,300	590	715
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	15	10	10	1,815	850	970
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20	2,595	1,155	1,440
English and French	0	0	0	110	50	55
English and non-official language	30	10	15	2,440	1,085	1,360
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,330	665	665	106,205	50,930	55,275
None	1,170	595	580	96,350	46,415	49,930
English	35	20	20	3,040	1,445	1,590
French	25	15	15	1,180	510	675
Non-official language	95	40	55	5,470	2,490	2,980
Aboriginal	0	0	0	260	115	140
Non-Aboriginal	95	40	55	5,210	2,370	2,835
English and French	0	5	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,130	560	565	91,845	43,800	48,045
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,105	555	545	89,195	42,495	46,700
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,976	55,296	39,552	37,376	44,506	32,382
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,100	555	550	89,305	42,575	46,730
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,896	47,360	35,968	33,346	38,827	29,332
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,055	530	520	83,705	40,055	43,650
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,179	50,752	34,688	32,799	40,501	26,915
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	650	290	360	64,015	27,800	36,210
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,328	7,408	4,816	7,941	8,541	7,377
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	865	435	430	62,805	31,340	31,465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,920	45,568	25,056	27,420	31,894	23,965
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,130	575	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,115	575	535	89,145	42,365	46,785
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	70,518	76,222	64,413	49,898	58,933	41,716
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,115	575	535	89,275	42,465	46,810
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,068	58,140	49,709	41,418	47,778	35,649
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,070	550	520	83,740	39,935	43,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,017	75,467	62,205	46,767	56,611	37,794
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	655	305	350	63,945	27,820	36,125
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,580	8,445	6,833	8,320	8,483	8,195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	875	440	435	62,840	31,310	31,530
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,711	69,454	51,858	41,118	48,042	34,243
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,130	575	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	345	190	155	23,870	13,260	10,605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	68,062	85,444	60,664	57,015	62,372	52,507
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	91,459	101,959	78,677	66,807	73,144	58,882
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.2	95.1	92.1	88.1	90.6	84.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.0	73.1	60.7	58.0	60.8	54.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.0	5.2	7.1	11.9	9.4	15.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,130	560	565	91,845	43,805	48,045
Without total income	25	5	20	2,650	1,305	1,345
With total income	1,100	555	550	89,195	42,495	46,700
Percentage with total income	97.3	99.1	97.3	97.1	97.0	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	190	75	110	11,525	5,075	6,450
$10,000 to $19,999	115	50	65	13,915	5,465	8,455
$20,000 to $29,999	100	45	55	11,580	4,605	6,975
$30,000 to $39,999	75	30	45	10,140	4,185	5,960
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	55	9,165	4,095	5,070
$50,000 to $59,999	75	35	40	7,700	3,760	3,945
$60,000 to $69,999	60	40	25	5,980	3,275	2,705
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	30	4,695	2,635	2,065
$80,000 to $89,999	50	25	20	3,705	2,225	1,480
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	10	2,650	1,535	1,115
$100,000 and over	225	140	90	8,140	5,655	2,485
$100,000 to $149,999	115	65	55	5,360	3,625	1,740
$150,000 and over	115	75	40	2,775	2,030	740
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,130	560	565	91,845	43,805	48,045
Without after-tax income	25	5	20	2,540	1,230	1,310
With after-tax income	1,100	550	550	89,305	42,580	46,730
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	98.2	97.3	97.2	97.2	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	190	75	110	12,400	5,435	6,965
$10,000 to $19,999	130	55	75	14,700	5,885	8,815
$20,000 to $29,999	100	40	55	13,575	5,500	8,075
$30,000 to $39,999	120	50	65	11,835	5,055	6,780
$40,000 to $49,999	120	60	60	10,320	4,850	5,465
$50,000 to $59,999	75	45	30	8,000	4,300	3,700
$60,000 to $69,999	75	45	35	5,770	3,320	2,450
$70,000 to $79,999	60	30	30	4,100	2,370	1,725
$80,000 and over	230	140	90	8,610	5,860	2,750
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	15	2,595	1,645	950
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	15	1,650	1,100	550
$100,000 and over	155	100	60	4,360	3,115	1,245
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,130	555	570	91,845	43,800	48,045
Without employment income	265	125	140	29,035	12,460	16,575
With employment income	865	435	430	62,805	31,340	31,470
Percentage with employment income	76.5	78.4	75.4	68.4	71.6	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	180	80	100	13,430	6,445	6,985
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	30	5,240	2,295	2,950
$10,000 to $19,999	105	45	60	8,150	3,725	4,425
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	35	6,020	2,685	3,335
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	5,245	2,300	2,940
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	35	5,095	2,165	2,930
$50,000 to $59,999	45	20	20	4,310	2,085	2,225
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	15	3,320	1,825	1,495
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	20	2,930	1,650	1,275
$80,000 and over	210	135	75	9,070	6,170	2,905
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	15	2,405	1,440	965
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	10	1,700	1,025	675
$100,000 and over	160	105	55	4,970	3,700	1,270
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	495	...	...	44,960	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	125,082	...	...	78,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	103,040	...	...	68,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	65	...	...	12,070	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,120	...	...	37,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	33,982	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	435	...	...	32,895	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	137,344	...	...	97,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,472	...	...	84,284	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	158,816	...	...	98,912	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	121,767	...	...	82,220	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	12,075	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	83,901	...	...	49,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	69,109	...	...	41,703	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	440	...	...	32,900	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	167,707	...	...	117,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,017	...	...	97,087	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	495	...	...	44,960	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	730	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	505	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	890	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	1,445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,620	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,460	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,665	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,835	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	1,690	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,720	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	3,370	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	3,065	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,040	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	2,740	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,450	...	...
$100,000 and over	300	...	...	16,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	5,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	3,745	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	4,300	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	3,550	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	495	...	...	44,965	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	805	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	530	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	905	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	1,525	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,840	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,800	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,090	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	2,035	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,005	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,065	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	3,850	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	3,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	2,975	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,640	...	...
$100,000 and over	255	...	...	12,850	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	5,065	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	3,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	4,525	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	430	...	...	31,475	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,779	...	...	97,484	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,445	...	...	84,384	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	16,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	114,432	...	...	88,861	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	77,152	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	11,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	149,504	...	...	125,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,464	...	...	107,184	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	3,430	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	104,192	...	...	58,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	89,344	...	...	52,850	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	445	...	...	31,550	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	161,243	...	...	117,259	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	122,640	...	...	96,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	16,060	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	160,041	...	...	111,784	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,563	...	...	91,797	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	11,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	167,460	...	...	140,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,854	...	...	115,903	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	3,445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	68,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	58,977	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	110	55	55	17,905	7,560	10,340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	44,224	46,336	43,392	31,424	30,048	32,533
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,080	39,040	38,016	28,670	27,419	29,484
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	95	55	40	17,815	7,530	10,285
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	73,068	59,295	95,092	42,015	41,845	42,140
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	60,660	49,411	78,649	35,846	35,238	36,292
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,335	670	670	105,015	50,500	54,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	335	175	160	44,030	20,440	23,595
In the bottom decile	85	40	45	9,820	4,760	5,060
In the second decile	45	25	20	8,385	3,700	4,685
In the third decile	60	25	25	8,150	3,735	4,415
In the fourth decile	75	35	35	8,395	3,870	4,525
In the fifth decile	80	45	30	9,280	4,375	4,910
In the top half of the distribution	995	490	505	60,980	30,060	30,915
In the sixth decile	95	45	50	10,270	4,965	5,305
In the seventh decile	100	45	55	11,140	5,415	5,725
In the eighth decile	170	90	85	12,250	6,065	6,180
In the ninth decile	215	105	110	13,740	6,830	6,910
In the top decile	415	205	205	13,580	6,785	6,790
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,330	665	670	102,075	49,070	53,010
0 to 17 years	255	125	135	15,805	8,040	7,765
0 to 5 years	60	40	25	4,325	2,160	2,160
18 to 64 years	785	390	400	57,910	27,700	30,210
65 years and over	290	155	135	28,365	13,330	15,035
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	100	45	50	11,205	5,190	6,010
0 to 17 years	30	10	15	2,130	1,115	1,015
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	540	270	275
18 to 64 years	55	25	30	6,775	3,175	3,600
65 years and over	15	5	5	2,295	905	1,390
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.5	6.8	7.5	11.0	10.6	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	8.0	11.1	13.5	13.9	13.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.5	12.5	12.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.4	7.5	11.7	11.5	11.9
65 years and over (%)	5.2	3.2	3.7	8.1	6.8	9.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	25	25	7,155	3,515	3,640
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	1,175	615	560
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	240	125	115
18 to 64 years	35	20	20	5,375	2,655	2,720
65 years and over	5	5	0	605	245	365
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.8	3.7	7.0	7.2	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	4.0	3.7	7.4	7.6	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.5	5.8	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	5.1	5.0	9.3	9.6	9.0
65 years and over (%)	1.7	3.2	0.0	2.1	1.8	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,380	700	685	105,110	50,490	54,615
Official languages	1,380	695	685	104,050	50,085	53,960
English	1,380	695	680	104,030	50,085	53,950
French	200	100	100	10,020	4,255	5,765
Non-official languages	350	165	185	20,925	9,650	11,270
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	395	180	220
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	350	170	185
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	310	145	165
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	350	165	185	20,535	9,480	11,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	395	205	190
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	365	195	175
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	225	130	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	100	40	65
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	230	130	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	225	130	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	1,035	380	650
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	115	75	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	80	35	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	925	335	590
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	75	35	45
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	40	15	30
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	305	135	165	11,620	5,420	6,200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	1,350	705	645
Baltic languages	0	0	0	50	30	15
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavic languages	65	35	35	1,300	670	630
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	10	0	0	255	145	110
Czech	0	10	0	135	90	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	260	130	135
Russian	30	10	15	410	195	210
Serbian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovak	0	10	0	45	30	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	195	110	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	30	15	10
Welsh	0	0	0	35	10	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	110	65	50	4,010	1,825	2,190
Afrikaans	10	0	10	235	120	115
Danish	0	10	0	185	70	110
Dutch	20	10	10	820	350	465
Frisian	0	0	0	40	15	30
German	85	50	30	2,660	1,215	1,445
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	65	50
Swedish	0	0	0	95	40	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	235	140	95
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20	2,495	1,255	1,235
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,275	1,130	1,140
Bengali	0	0	0	55	10	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	110	60	50
Hindi	0	0	0	585	310	275
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,820	880	945
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	145	85	60
Iranian languages	40	20	20	210	120	95
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	20	205	120	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	125	40	85	4,010	1,715	2,290
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	35	20	10	745	315	430
Portuguese	15	0	15	425	205	215
Romanian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Spanish	110	30	85	2,900	1,240	1,670
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	815	385	430
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	585	255	325
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	45	40
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	150	50	95
American Sign Language	0	0	0	55	15	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	5,455	2,535	2,920
Chinese languages	30	20	10	5,450	2,525	2,920
Cantonese	0	0	0	2,720	1,270	1,445
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	20	10	10	3,020	1,355	1,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	120	35	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	10	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	190	85	105
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	110	50	65
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	115	50	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	10	0	0	345	165	180
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	55	15	40
Hungarian	0	0	0	260	140	120
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	25	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,385	705	680	105,110	50,495	54,615
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,290	660	625	99,115	47,760	51,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	270	135	135	15,840	8,085	7,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,020	525	490	83,275	39,680	43,595
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	95	40	55	5,995	2,735	3,265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,385	700	680	105,115	50,495	54,615
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	890	480	415	80,755	39,255	41,495
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	490	225	270	22,795	10,515	12,280
Before 1981	160	75	85	12,165	5,805	6,360
1981 to 1990	45	25	25	2,525	1,110	1,415
1991 to 2000	80	35	45	2,830	1,230	1,600
2001 to 2010	140	65	80	3,595	1,600	2,000
2001 to 2005	90	40	45	1,555	665	890
2006 to 2010	55	15	40	2,040	935	1,105
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	25	30	1,680	775	905
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	1,560	725	840
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	490	225	265	22,795	10,515	12,280
Under 5 years	45	20	30	2,240	1,045	1,190
5 to 14 years	60	30	35	3,645	1,860	1,780
15 to 24 years	90	40	50	5,470	2,445	3,030
25 to 44 years	240	120	125	9,430	4,245	5,185
45 years and over	45	20	25	2,015	925	1,090
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	485	225	265	22,795	10,515	12,280
Americas	110	25	85	3,185	1,310	1,875
Brazil	0	0	0	45	20	25
Colombia	0	0	0	75	30	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	50	15	35
Guyana	0	0	0	40	10	30
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	105	40	60
Mexico	30	0	25	185	85	95
Peru	0	0	0	40	10	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	65	15	50
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	25	50	2,265	950	1,315
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	305	120	180
Europe	275	145	130	11,105	5,400	5,705
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatia	0	0	0	120	80	40
France	10	0	0	130	50	85
Germany	30	25	10	1,065	485	585
Greece	0	0	0	105	65	40
Hungary	10	10	0	155	100	50
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	175	115	60
Italy	10	0	0	205	125	80
Netherlands	0	0	10	585	280	310
Poland	10	10	10	215	95	120
Portugal	0	0	0	235	110	125
Romania	0	0	0	85	30	55
Russian Federation	10	0	10	105	40	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Ukraine	10	0	10	120	70	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	145	65	80	6,830	3,225	3,600
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15	870	470	400
Africa	25	10	20	840	415	420
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	25	25
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	65	25	45
Morocco	0	0	0	25	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	25	0	20	415	210	205
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	230	120	110
Asia	75	45	30	7,210	3,185	4,030
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	10	2,655	1,170	1,485
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	585	260	320
India	0	0	0	1,270	625	645
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	25	10	185	90	100
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	250	75	175
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	375	180	195
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	45	30
Philippines	10	0	10	810	285	520
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	55	25	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	225	90	130
Viet Nam	0	0	0	185	95	90
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	445	185	255
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	455	205	250
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	30	30	1,680	775	905
Americas	15	10	10	275	110	160
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	20	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	160	70	90
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Europe	20	10	15	305	160	145
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	55	40	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	10	0	10	15	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	135	55	75
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	15	20
Africa	10	10	0	85	50	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	25	15
Asia	15	15	0	995	435	560
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	385	155	225
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	90	35	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	90	45	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	325	155	165
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,385	700	680	105,115	50,495	54,615
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	520	230	290	25,495	11,845	13,645
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	325	190	135	25,355	12,395	12,955
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	535	280	255	54,265	26,250	28,020
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	330	145	185	11,100	4,940	6,165
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	240	110	125	6,340	3,090	3,245
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	110	60	45	2,685	1,645	1,035
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	135	55	80	3,655	1,445	2,210
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	80	30	50	4,155	1,535	2,620
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	10	495	260	240
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	115	60	55
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,385	700	685	105,110	50,495	54,615
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	4,675	2,170	2,500
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	4,535	2,100	2,435
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	3,015	1,410	1,605
Métis	0	0	0	1,475	675	795
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	45	10	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,385	705	680	100,435	48,320	52,115
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,380	700	680	105,110	50,495	54,620
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	2,575	1,230	1,350
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,385	700	680	102,535	49,270	53,265
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,385	700	680	105,110	50,495	54,615
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,960	965	990
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	1,930	960	970
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,790	900	890
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	135	60	80
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	4,095	1,910	2,185
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	3,890	1,805	2,085
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,430	685	745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	25	45
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	200	100	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	185	90	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,385	700	680	99,055	47,615	51,440
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,380	700	680	105,110	50,495	54,615
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	130	45	85	15,310	7,225	8,085
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	3,285	1,595	1,690
Chinese	35	15	15	6,795	3,230	3,565
Black	0	0	0	705	365	340
Filipino	20	0	15	1,185	455	725
Latin American	35	10	30	530	245	285
Arab	0	0	0	215	125	90
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	470	250	220
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	15	0	225	120	105
Korean	0	0	10	640	280	365
Japanese	10	0	0	740	315	425
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	395	180	215
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,250	650	600	89,800	43,270	46,530
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,385	705	680	105,115	50,495	54,615
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	6,050	2,875	3,175
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	4,400	2,100	2,295
Inuit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Métis	0	0	0	1,795	845	945
Other North American origins	245	130	115	24,365	11,795	12,570
Acadian	0	0	0	125	50	70
American	15	0	15	2,630	1,235	1,395
Canadian	240	130	110	22,455	10,890	11,565
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	35	25	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	70	45	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	1,190	590	595	82,040	39,305	42,730
British Isles origins	825	415	405	63,610	30,465	33,150
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cornish	0	0	0	30	20	10
English	595	300	290	42,695	20,355	22,335
Irish	240	95	145	20,495	9,340	11,150
Manx	0	0	0	90	25	65
Scottish	340	180	160	27,845	12,860	14,985
Welsh	110	45	70	4,035	1,915	2,125
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	50	15	35	4,540	2,110	2,435
French origins	240	105	135	10,205	4,595	5,610
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	240	105	135	10,185	4,580	5,605
Western European origins (except French origins)	315	150	160	20,605	9,820	10,785
Austrian	10	0	10	1,155	550	605
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	20	10	10	625	245	380
Dutch	55	35	25	5,165	2,465	2,700
Flemish	0	0	0	55	20	35
Frisian	0	0	0	60	35	30
German	240	120	120	14,570	6,950	7,620
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swiss	10	0	0	845	425	420
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	75	30	40	9,095	4,295	4,800
Danish	10	0	0	1,810	860	950
Finnish	15	10	10	760	375	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	705	300	400
Norwegian	35	10	25	3,540	1,625	1,915
Swedish	30	15	15	2,820	1,310	1,505
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	455	240	215
Eastern European origins	220	120	100	12,430	5,905	6,525
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Czech	10	10	0	495	235	260
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	205	110	95
Estonian	10	0	0	100	35	60
Hungarian	35	15	15	1,370	720	655
Latvian	0	10	0	195	85	110
Lithuanian	10	10	0	185	105	80
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	70	45	25	3,530	1,635	1,895
Romanian	0	0	0	675	305	365
Russian	45	10	35	2,290	1,130	1,165
Slovak	15	10	0	260	140	120
Ukrainian	60	30	25	5,275	2,455	2,820
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	90	30	60
Southern European origins	140	50	95	6,725	3,305	3,425
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Croatian	30	20	10	585	355	230
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	10	10	0	615	325	290
Italian	95	35	55	3,160	1,530	1,625
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Maltese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	25	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	920	450	470
Serbian	0	0	0	100	45	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	145	80	65
Spanish	55	10	50	1,240	570	675
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	135	65	70
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	10	10	0	930	445	485
Basque	0	0	0	30	20	10
Jewish	10	10	0	540	250	285
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	340	155	180
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	580	260	320
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	75	25	50
Bermudan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	295	135	165
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	10	40	1,175	520	660
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	80	45	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chilean	0	0	0	105	55	50
Colombian	0	0	0	75	25	60
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hispanic	10	0	10	15	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maya	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mexican	40	10	35	525	255	275
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	25	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	60	20	40
African origins	35	10	25	1,095	565	530
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	50	30	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins	10	0	0	155	80	80
Algerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Libyan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	30	10	25	630	315	310
Afrikaner	0	0	0	35	10	25
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	20	10
South African	30	0	25	425	205	215
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	285	140	140
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	270	135	130
Asian origins	135	65	70	14,660	6,850	7,810
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	25	20	925	470	455
Afghan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	145	70	70
Armenian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10	275	150	130
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	15	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	10	10	0	165	80	85
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Tajik	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tatar	0	0	0	20	15	10
Turk	0	0	0	65	30	40
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	0	40	25	15
South Asian origins	15	15	0	3,475	1,700	1,775
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	2,990	1,455	1,535
Goan	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	90	55	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	210	80	125
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	110	50	70
East and Southeast Asian origins	75	25	55	10,355	4,740	5,610
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese	50	25	30	7,200	3,400	3,805
Filipino	25	0	20	1,325	530	795
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	90	25	60
Japanese	10	0	10	855	350	510
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	680	305	375
Laotian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	125	40	95
Thai	0	0	0	115	45	70
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	300	180	120
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	80	40	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Oceania origins	0	0	0	750	330	420
Australian	0	0	0	355	140	215
New Zealander	0	0	0	195	90	105
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	215	100	110
Fijian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Hawaiian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Maori	0	0	0	50	20	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Samoan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	495	...	...	44,975	...	...
Owner	455	...	...	35,545	...	...
Renter	40	...	...	9,360	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	5,275	...	...
Not condominium	470	...	...	39,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	210	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	4,460	...	...
2 bedrooms	90	...	...	11,405	...	...
3 bedrooms	190	...	...	14,590	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	14,310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	495	...	...	44,975	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	9,185	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	6,165	...	...
6 rooms	60	...	...	6,450	...	...
7 rooms	60	...	...	6,095	...	...
8 or more rooms	320	...	...	17,080	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	495	...	...	44,630	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
Suitable	495	...	...	43,875	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
1960 or before	20	...	...	6,160	...	...
1961 to 1980	300	...	...	16,140	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	10,035	...	...
1991 to 2000	55	...	...	7,005	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,225	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	2,125	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	495	...	...	44,975	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	435	...	...	43,035	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	1,940	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	495	...	...	44,975	...	...
1 household maintainer	235	...	...	23,655	...	...
2 household maintainers	250	...	...	19,875	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	1,450	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	495	...	...	44,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,185	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	3,025	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	4,900	...	...
45 to 54 years	105	...	...	7,420	...	...
55 to 64 years	125	...	...	10,155	...	...
65 to 74 years	135	...	...	9,815	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	5,825	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	2,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	495	...	...	43,265	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	365	...	...	32,995	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	130	...	...	10,265	...	...
30% to less than 100%	110	...	...	8,715	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	455	...	...	34,100	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.9	...	...	46.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.0	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,722	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,157	...	...	1,294	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,396,636	...	...	648,571	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,624,417	...	...	698,615	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	9,235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	75.0	...	...	47.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,540	...	...	1,072	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,658	...	...	1,207	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,130	575	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	40	25	10,305	5,250	5,060
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	200	100	100	25,540	11,530	14,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	860	435	425	56,090	26,995	29,100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	75	15	7,300	5,520	1,780
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	25	20	10	2,910	1,695	1,215
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	60	10	4,395	3,830	565
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	205	90	120	17,150	6,825	10,325
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	35	40	3,010	1,130	1,880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	490	240	255	28,635	13,515	15,115
Bachelor's degree	245	110	135	17,060	7,550	9,510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	20	30	1,745	775	975
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	1,030	580	450
Master's degree	145	80	65	6,755	3,230	3,525
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	15	15	2,040	1,385	655
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	725	350	375	50,675	23,935	26,740
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	20	10	3,090	1,845	1,245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	115	50	60	12,050	5,520	6,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	595	280	310	35,535	16,570	18,965
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	35	10	4,380	3,410	970
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	15	0	1,700	1,035	665
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	25	0	2,680	2,370	305
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	130	55	75	11,085	4,510	6,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	20	40	1,680	680	1,000
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	360	165	190	18,395	7,970	10,420
Bachelor's degree	185	85	95	11,350	4,765	6,590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	1,025	430	590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	645	290	360
Master's degree	100	50	50	4,375	1,905	2,475
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	0	20	1,000	580	415
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,130	575	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	270	140	125	35,850	16,780	19,075
Education	60	10	50	5,160	1,325	3,835
13. Education	55	10	50	5,155	1,320	3,835
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	65	40	2,265	900	1,365
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	230	190	40
50. Visual and performing arts	90	50	40	2,040	710	1,330
Humanities	60	20	45	3,655	1,435	2,220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	485	145	340
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	1,150	300	845
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	700	280	420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	220	135	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	350	225	120
54. History	10	10	0	600	300	300
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	135	35	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	50	70	7,155	2,865	4,285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	145	30	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	490	175	310
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	1,000	105	895
22. Legal professions and studies	20	15	10	960	420	540
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	130	35	95
42. Psychology	30	0	30	1,390	445	940
45. Social sciences	40	25	15	3,040	1,655	1,385
Business, management and public administration	160	50	110	9,565	3,890	5,675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	960	345	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	150	45	100	8,595	3,545	5,055
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	30	10	3,320	1,945	1,375
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	1,610	830	775
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	410	170	240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	50	15	30
40. Physical sciences	25	25	10	1,175	915	260
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	10	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	2,135	1,370	765
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	1,505	1,085	425
25. Library science	0	0	0	220	20	210
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	355	240	120
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	160	150	15	9,655	8,860	795
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	375	245	130
14. Engineering	70	70	10	2,240	1,920	320
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,965	1,740	220
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	2,495	2,475	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	1,625	1,590	40
48. Precision production	10	0	0	950	895	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	1,320	880	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	15	10	710	435	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	605	445	160
Health and related fields	85	20	65	9,120	1,875	7,240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	550	295	260
51. Health professions and related programs	75	15	65	8,280	1,410	6,870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	285	170	120
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	15	15	2,745	1,660	1,090
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	15	1,500	580	910
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	30	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	60	60	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	425	315	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	740	675	65
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	730	350	375	50,680	23,935	26,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	135	75	60	15,145	7,370	7,775
Education	45	10	40	2,555	610	1,945
13. Education	45	0	40	2,555	610	1,940
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	40	35	1,465	565	900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	135	100	30
50. Visual and performing arts	65	35	30	1,335	465	870
Humanities	35	10	20	2,245	815	1,430
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	285	75	205
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	705	180	520
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	470	185	290
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	120	60	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	225	125	100
54. History	0	0	0	360	175	185
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	100	45	60	4,770	1,685	3,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	120	25	90
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	350	110	240
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	10	10	685	70	615
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	0	625	210	415
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	95	30	65
42. Psychology	25	0	25	805	190	610
45. Social sciences	35	25	15	2,090	1,040	1,050
Business, management and public administration	95	20	80	6,250	2,465	3,790
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	540	170	365
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	20	70	5,710	2,290	3,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	30	10	2,045	1,125	925
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	10	10	1,100	560	545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	275	125	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	605	435	170
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	1,645	1,110	535
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	1,335	980	360
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	10	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	155	100	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	85	10	5,925	5,295	630
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	215	115	100
14. Engineering	50	45	10	1,360	1,080	280
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,110	955	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	1,645	1,620	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	15	0	1,055	1,020	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	530	495	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	960	595	365
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	510	285	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	445	310	135
Health and related fields	45	10	35	5,900	1,245	4,650
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	445	245	200
51. Health professions and related programs	45	10	35	5,285	925	4,360
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	165	75	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	1,775	1,060	715
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	15	1,005	400	605
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	285	215	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	460	420	45
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,130	575	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	265	145	125	35,850	16,780	19,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	860	435	430	56,095	26,995	29,095
Location of study inside Canada	545	265	280	45,695	21,865	23,830
Same as province or territory of residence	360	170	190	31,030	14,770	16,260
Different than province or territory of residence	185	95	90	14,665	7,100	7,565
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	320	170	150	10,400	5,125	5,270
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	50	35	2,945	1,580	1,360
Philippines	0	0	0	450	140	315
India	0	0	0	365	190	170
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	50	40	2,900	1,495	1,405
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	715	290	425
France	15	0	10	55	20	35
Other	120	65	55	2,970	1,405	1,565
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	730	350	375	50,675	23,935	26,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	70	65	15,145	7,370	7,775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	595	280	315	35,535	16,570	18,965
Location of study inside Canada	405	185	215	30,015	14,140	15,880
Same as province or territory of residence	255	120	135	21,805	10,230	11,570
Different than province or territory of residence	150	70	80	8,210	3,905	4,305
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	190	90	95	5,520	2,430	3,090
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	25	20	1,445	680	765
Philippines	0	0	0	420	120	295
India	0	0	0	245	90	155
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	40	30	990	455	535
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	575	250	325
France	15	0	15	25	10	25
Other	60	25	35	1,815	825	985
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,130	575	555	91,945	43,770	48,170
In the labour force	775	395	375	52,140	26,340	25,800
Employed	745	385	360	49,370	24,850	24,520
Unemployed	30	15	15	2,770	1,495	1,275
Not in the labour force	355	175	180	39,800	17,430	22,370
Participation rate	68.6	68.7	67.6	56.7	60.2	53.6
Employment rate	65.9	67.0	64.9	53.7	56.8	50.9
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.8	4.0	5.3	5.7	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,135	580	555	91,940	43,770	48,170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	310	165	140	35,885	15,500	20,380
Worked	825	410	415	56,055	28,270	27,790
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	375	205	170	24,825	13,875	10,950
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	445	200	240	31,230	14,390	16,835
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	43.4	40.0	41.6	42.0	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	775	400	375	52,140	26,340	25,800
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	845	440	400
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	760	390	365	51,300	25,895	25,395
Employee	555	255	300	41,410	20,095	21,315
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	205	130	70	9,890	5,805	4,085
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	775	395	370	52,140	26,340	25,800
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	840	440	400
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	760	390	370	51,300	25,900	25,400
0 Management occupations	135	75	55	6,545	3,935	2,615
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	125	50	75	7,945	2,310	5,635
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	60	15	4,330	3,340	990
3 Health occupations	25	10	15	3,905	970	2,935
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	110	45	70	6,790	2,400	4,395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	45	50	2,225	895	1,330
6 Sales and service occupations	125	60	65	12,130	5,430	6,695
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	45	0	5,495	5,185	310
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	0	10	1,265	970	295
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	10	665	465	205
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	775	400	375	52,140	26,345	25,800
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	845	445	400
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	760	390	370	51,300	25,895	25,400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	990	600	395
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	160	140	20
22 Utilities	0	0	0	105	85	20
23 Construction	55	55	0	3,450	3,080	370
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	2,030	1,460	570
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	1,005	670	335
44-45 Retail trade	60	35	30	5,555	2,765	2,790
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	0	15	2,470	1,785	685
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	20	950	580	365
52 Finance and insurance	50	25	25	1,600	685	920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	1,165	650	510
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	140	75	70	4,620	2,650	1,965
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	65	20	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	15	20	2,335	1,365	970
61 Educational services	65	15	50	4,750	1,670	3,080
62 Health care and social assistance	55	25	25	6,525	1,415	5,110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	35	35	1,720	750	970
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	25	4,565	2,005	2,555
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	10	30	2,055	870	1,180
91 Public administration	25	15	10	5,175	2,645	2,535
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	745	385	360	49,370	24,845	24,525
Worked at home	160	90	65	6,045	3,000	3,040
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	250	180	75
No fixed workplace address	120	75	45	5,905	4,160	1,745
Worked at usual place	465	210	250	37,175	17,505	19,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	460	215	250	37,175	17,505	19,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30	15	10	14,215	6,345	7,865
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	405	180	220	21,765	10,490	11,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	0	10	930	530	400
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	265	140	125
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	580	285	300	43,075	21,660	21,415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	490	255	240	31,830	16,335	15,490
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	30	10	25	2,160	765	1,395
Public transit	35	20	20	3,555	1,530	2,025
Walked	15	10	0	2,540	1,105	1,430
Bicycle	0	0	0	1,925	1,290	640
Other method	10	0	0	1,070	635	440
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	580	285	295	43,080	21,660	21,415
Less than 15 minutes	40	25	15	14,245	6,845	7,405
15 to 29 minutes	155	55	95	18,595	9,430	9,170
30 to 44 minutes	200	100	105	7,110	3,670	3,435
45 to 59 minutes	120	60	70	1,650	835	815
60 minutes and over	60	45	15	1,480	885	590
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	580	285	295	43,080	21,665	21,415
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	1,645	1,125	525
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	75	50	25	5,815	3,570	2,240
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	235	125	115	12,370	6,345	6,025
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	130	55	65	11,480	5,020	6,465
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	15	75	6,145	2,560	3,575
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	30	15	5,625	3,050	2,575
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	865	435	430	57,680	29,065	28,610
Single responses	835	430	410	57,350	28,945	28,410
Official languages	835	425	410	56,945	28,760	28,185
English	830	425	405	56,810	28,710	28,100
French	0	0	10	140	45	90
Non-official languages	10	0	0	405	185	220
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	395	180	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	70	20	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	25	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	215	105	110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	215	105	110
Cantonese	0	0	0	120	55	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	20	330	125	205
English and French	0	0	0	95	25	70
English and non-official language	25	0	15	230	95	130
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	865	435	430	57,680	29,065	28,610
None	815	410	400	55,725	28,190	27,535
English	10	0	0	295	105	190
French	15	0	15	630	280	345
Non-official language	15	10	0	980	465	515
Aboriginal	0	0	0	40	15	20
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	10	945	455	490
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	40	25	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,380	700	675	104,390	50,155	54,230
Non-movers	1,240	620	625	91,055	43,575	47,480
Movers	140	85	55	13,340	6,580	6,755
Non-migrants	35	25	0	7,190	3,565	3,625
Migrants	100	55	45	6,145	3,015	3,130
Internal migrants	85	45	45	5,145	2,480	2,665
Intraprovincial migrants	70	40	30	3,825	1,855	1,975
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	1,315	630	690
External migrants	15	10	0	1,000	535	465
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,335	660	670	101,260	48,665	52,595
Non-movers	830	390	435	64,685	30,980	33,705
Movers	500	270	235	36,570	17,685	18,890
Non-migrants	65	30	35	18,520	8,985	9,540
Migrants	440	235	200	18,050	8,705	9,345
Internal migrants	370	205	170	14,665	7,135	7,520
Intraprovincial migrants	340	180	155	10,300	5,110	5,195
Interprovincial migrants	35	20	15	4,365	2,030	2,330
External migrants	65	35	30	3,385	1,565	1,825

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia and Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia and Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia and Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lions Bay [Population centre], British Columbia and Saanich--Gulf Islands [Federal electoral district], British Columbia