Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saugeen Shores, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cape Breton, RGM Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]			Saugeen Shores, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Saugeen Shores, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	94,285	...	...	13,715	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	97,398	...	...	12,661	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.2	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,742	...	...	7,655	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	41,679	...	...	6,025	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	38.8	...	...	80.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,430.06	...	...	171.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	94,285	44,655	49,625	13,715	6,675	7,040
0 to 14 years	12,350	6,275	6,075	1,975	990	980
0 to 4 years	3,690	1,825	1,870	730	370	360
5 to 9 years	4,255	2,210	2,050	655	320	335
10 to 14 years	4,405	2,240	2,165	595	300	290
15 to 64 years	59,620	28,575	31,045	8,390	4,120	4,270
15 to 19 years	4,980	2,550	2,430	595	305	290
20 to 24 years	5,200	2,650	2,555	610	315	290
25 to 29 years	4,575	2,275	2,300	800	405	390
30 to 34 years	4,400	2,085	2,310	855	430	430
35 to 39 years	4,550	2,045	2,505	770	395	370
40 to 44 years	5,230	2,410	2,820	640	305	335
45 to 49 years	5,865	2,795	3,075	695	360	340
50 to 54 years	7,705	3,540	4,170	910	410	505
55 to 59 years	8,645	4,075	4,570	1,210	570	640
60 to 64 years	8,465	4,155	4,310	1,300	625	675
65 years and over	22,310	9,805	12,505	3,355	1,570	1,790
65 to 69 years	7,500	3,620	3,880	1,155	565	590
70 to 74 years	5,325	2,440	2,885	835	395	435
75 to 79 years	3,990	1,785	2,205	560	270	285
80 to 84 years	2,780	1,115	1,665	435	210	225
85 years and over	2,725	845	1,875	375	125	250
85 to 89 years	1,645	565	1,075	240	90	145
90 to 94 years	805	225	580	115	30	85
95 to 99 years	230	50	185	20	5	15
100 years and over	40	0	40	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	14.1	12.2	14.4	14.8	13.9
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.0	62.6	61.2	61.7	60.7
65 years and over	23.7	22.0	25.2	24.5	23.5	25.4
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	3.8	2.7	1.9	3.6
Average age of the population	46.1	44.8	47.2	45.7	44.8	46.6
Median age of the population	50.0	48.8	51.0	49.5	47.8	51.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Single-detached house	30,575	...	...	4,665	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,680	...	...	1,300	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,835	...	...	280	...	...
Row house	690	...	...	370	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,830	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,255	...	...	605	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,220	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
1 person	13,065	...	...	1,705	...	...
2 persons	15,605	...	...	2,610	...	...
3 persons	6,605	...	...	740	...	...
4 persons	4,330	...	...	680	...	...
5 or more persons	2,075	...	...	295	...	...
Number of persons in private households	92,555	...	...	13,425	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	81,930	38,385	43,550	11,740	5,685	6,060
Married or living common law	42,760	21,365	21,395	7,750	3,880	3,875
Married	36,180	18,075	18,105	6,610	3,315	3,295
Living common law	6,580	3,290	3,290	1,145	570	575
Not married and not living common law	39,170	17,015	22,155	3,995	1,805	2,190
Never married	23,370	12,060	11,305	2,225	1,250	980
Separated	3,025	1,210	1,815	300	120	180
Divorced	5,485	2,225	3,260	650	255	390
Widowed	7,290	1,525	5,770	820	180	640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	27,910	...	...	4,260	...	...
2 persons	16,295	...	...	2,645	...	...
3 persons	6,395	...	...	715	...	...
4 persons	3,845	...	...	650	...	...
5 or more persons	1,380	...	...	245	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	27,910	...	...	4,260	...	...
Total couple families	21,020	...	...	3,800	...	...
Married couples	17,730	...	...	3,235	...	...
Common-law couples	3,290	...	...	575	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,890	...	...	460	...	...
Female parent	5,705	...	...	340	...	...
Male parent	1,185	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,020	...	...	3,800	...	...
Couples without children	12,005	...	...	2,355	...	...
Couples with children	9,015	...	...	1,450	...	...
1 child	4,535	...	...	595	...	...
2 children	3,270	...	...	620	...	...
3 or more children	1,210	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,890	...	...	455	...	...
1 child	4,290	...	...	290	...	...
2 children	1,860	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	740	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,125	8,105	10,020	2,070	915	1,155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	41,675	...	...	6,025	...	...
One-census-family households	26,510	...	...	4,170	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,510	...	...	2,315	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,000	...	...	1,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	690	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,480	...	...	1,810	...	...
One-person households	13,065	...	...	1,705	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,415	...	...	105	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,810	44,135	48,675	13,540	6,615	6,925
English only	88,820	42,475	46,350	12,555	6,175	6,380
French only	15	10	5	5	0	5
English and French	3,910	1,630	2,290	965	435	535
Neither English nor French	60	30	35	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,815	44,135	48,675	13,535	6,615	6,925
English	92,035	43,790	48,250	13,310	6,500	6,805
French	670	300	375	205	105	105
English and French	60	30	25	15	0	10
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	700	310	390	205	105	105
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.7	0.8	1.5	1.6	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,810	44,135	48,680	13,540	6,615	6,925
Single responses	92,440	43,960	48,480	13,420	6,560	6,865
Official languages	90,875	43,140	47,730	12,625	6,170	6,460
English	90,110	42,810	47,305	12,410	6,060	6,345
French	760	330	425	215	105	110
Non-official languages	1,565	820	745	795	390	405
Aboriginal languages	80	35	50	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	80	30	45	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	75	30	45	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,485	790	700	795	390	405
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	105	45	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	105	45	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	105	45	25	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	20	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	5	15	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	30	45	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	45	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	5	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	10	5	5
Tamil	10	5	5	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	645	315	330	625	320	300
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	40	70	110	55	55
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	40	65	110	55	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	15	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	40	15	25	35	15	20
Russian	15	5	10	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	5	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	10	20	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	40	15	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	70	80	205	100	105
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Dutch	50	25	25	60	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	35	40	130	60	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	20	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	165	100	65	190	100	85
Indo-Aryan languages	155	95	60	175	90	80
Bengali	5	5	5	25	10	15
Gujarati	10	5	0	30	15	15
Hindi	15	10	5	15	10	5
Kashmiri	5	0	0	5	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	85	55	35	80	50	35
Iranian languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	10	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	55	65	110	60	50
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	30	30	35	25	15
Portuguese	15	5	10	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Spanish	50	20	30	30	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	455	255	195	50	20	30
Chinese languages	455	260	195	50	20	30
Cantonese	55	25	25	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	330	190	145	30	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	40	25	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	20	15	15	20	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	175	200	120	60	65
English and French	165	75	90	30	10	15
English and non-official language	200	95	105	85	45	40
French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,815	44,135	48,675	13,540	6,615	6,925
Single responses	92,400	43,940	48,460	13,350	6,530	6,830
Official languages	91,650	43,520	48,130	13,095	6,400	6,690
English	91,445	43,425	48,020	13,050	6,375	6,670
French	205	95	115	45	25	25
Non-official languages	745	415	330	265	130	135
Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	720	405	315	260	125	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	65	40	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	65	40	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	65	35	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	105	100	190	90	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	35	15	15
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	30	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	10	0	5	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	90	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	90	55	40	85	45	40
Bengali	5	5	5	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	5	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	5	5	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	70	40	30	55	30	25
Iranian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	25	10	15	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	320	185	130	35	20	15
Chinese languages	320	185	130	35	15	20
Cantonese	30	15	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	245	140	105	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	415	195	220	185	85	95
English and French	90	35	55	15	10	10
English and non-official language	325	160	165	165	80	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,810	44,135	48,675	13,540	6,615	6,920
None	91,080	43,345	47,735	12,970	6,345	6,625
English	460	240	220	130	70	60
French	650	265	390	150	60	90
Non-official language	595	275	315	275	140	140
Aboriginal	80	35	45	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	515	245	275	270	135	140
English and French	10	5	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language	25	5	15	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	80,215	37,775	42,435	11,460	5,570	5,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,085	36,270	40,815	11,230	5,485	5,750
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,968	33,804	25,108	40,042	61,070	27,597
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,100	36,265	40,830	11,235	5,480	5,755
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,661	30,389	23,674	35,571	52,399	24,821
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,915	30,520	32,390	10,405	5,210	5,195
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,049	29,201	21,935	36,608	56,357	23,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,790	28,900	34,885	7,900	3,585	4,315
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,190	11,179	9,546	8,155	8,437	7,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,680	23,845	24,835	8,050	4,405	3,645
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,980	30,875	23,994	29,080	39,531	23,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,455	5,565	5,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,915	36,115	40,800	11,215	5,470	5,740
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,101	43,112	31,779	58,463	80,339	37,628
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,925	36,115	40,805	11,220	5,470	5,750
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,362	35,603	27,608	46,403	62,480	31,112
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,835	30,455	32,380	10,430	5,265	5,165
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,533	40,362	29,052	56,312	77,497	34,718
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,485	28,700	34,775	7,775	3,560	4,220
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,769	11,423	10,229	8,783	8,848	8,728
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,680	23,875	24,800	8,050	4,430	3,615
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,115	41,982	30,469	52,811	66,626	35,880
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	80,210	37,780	42,435	11,455	5,570	5,890
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,225	9,255	9,975	3,405	2,085	1,320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,247	51,404	41,931	82,257	112,582	55,620
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,289	58,822	48,157	92,245	109,513	65,019
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	76.3	79.0	73.0	89.8	92.9	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.3	63.8	58.3	64.8	67.9	59.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.7	21.0	27.0	10.2	7.1	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,460	5,565	5,890
Without total income	3,125	1,505	1,620	230	85	140
With total income	77,085	36,270	40,815	11,230	5,480	5,750
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.0	96.2	98.0	98.5	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,725	4,550	6,180	1,520	500	1,025
$10,000 to $19,999	15,145	5,565	9,575	1,655	520	1,135
$20,000 to $29,999	13,895	5,970	7,920	1,410	505	905
$30,000 to $39,999	10,880	5,135	5,750	1,025	395	630
$40,000 to $49,999	7,920	3,840	4,085	900	415	480
$50,000 to $59,999	5,365	2,945	2,415	775	365	410
$60,000 to $69,999	3,595	2,260	1,335	615	350	265
$70,000 to $79,999	2,795	1,610	1,185	555	345	210
$80,000 to $89,999	2,265	1,205	1,060	375	240	140
$90,000 to $99,999	1,395	840	560	380	235	140
$100,000 and over	3,105	2,355	745	2,020	1,610	410
$100,000 to $149,999	2,320	1,710	615	1,195	895	300
$150,000 and over	780	645	130	825	715	110
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,455	5,570	5,885
Without after-tax income	3,110	1,505	1,605	220	85	135
With after-tax income	77,100	36,270	40,835	11,235	5,485	5,755
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.0	96.2	98.1	98.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,050	4,620	6,430	1,670	505	1,160
$10,000 to $19,999	16,050	6,005	10,045	1,725	560	1,165
$20,000 to $29,999	16,475	7,255	9,225	1,570	575	995
$30,000 to $39,999	12,640	6,055	6,585	1,175	485	700
$40,000 to $49,999	8,100	4,365	3,735	1,040	500	540
$50,000 to $59,999	4,910	3,010	1,900	820	460	360
$60,000 to $69,999	3,450	1,850	1,600	630	410	225
$70,000 to $79,999	1,895	1,195	700	540	335	210
$80,000 and over	2,530	1,910	615	2,060	1,660	400
$80,000 to $89,999	945	660	285	460	325	135
$90,000 to $99,999	520	400	120	395	305	95
$100,000 and over	1,065	850	215	1,210	1,035	170
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	80,215	37,780	42,435	11,455	5,565	5,885
Without employment income	31,535	13,935	17,600	3,410	1,165	2,245
With employment income	48,680	23,845	24,835	8,050	4,405	3,645
Percentage with employment income	60.7	63.1	58.5	70.3	79.2	61.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,570	2,905	3,660	1,820	1,090	730
$5,000 to $9,999	4,665	1,975	2,690	665	270	390
$10,000 to $19,999	8,160	3,695	4,460	930	360	565
$20,000 to $29,999	6,845	3,100	3,745	675	270	405
$30,000 to $39,999	5,565	2,440	3,125	560	220	340
$40,000 to $49,999	4,220	1,980	2,240	445	180	265
$50,000 to $59,999	3,360	1,890	1,480	350	160	190
$60,000 to $69,999	2,320	1,460	860	305	150	150
$70,000 to $79,999	1,905	1,065	845	220	120	95
$80,000 and over	5,060	3,330	1,725	2,095	1,580	515
$80,000 to $89,999	1,805	895	915	190	110	85
$90,000 to $99,999	1,045	670	375	240	120	120
$100,000 and over	2,205	1,770	435	1,665	1,350	310
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	41,675	...	...	6,025	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,833	...	...	87,916	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,237	...	...	75,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,065	...	...	1,705	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,503	...	...	43,925	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,241	...	...	38,613	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,615	...	...	4,320	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,351	...	...	108,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,770	...	...	91,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,465	...	...	108,815	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,883	...	...	86,430	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,065	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,433	...	...	56,844	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,549	...	...	45,709	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,615	...	...	4,325	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,999	...	...	129,208	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,816	...	...	102,407	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Under $5,000	430	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,055	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,655	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,595	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,740	...	...	230	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,195	...	...	160	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,470	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,355	...	...	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,150	...	...	220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,850	...	...	195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,465	...	...	380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	...	...	370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,615	...	...	370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,290	...	...	325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,820	...	...	300	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,070	...	...	2,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,510	...	...	640	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,235	...	...	545	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,185	...	...	730	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,140	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Under $5,000	445	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,060	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,680	...	...	125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,730	...	...	180	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,040	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,510	...	...	210	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,855	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,675	...	...	225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,330	...	...	265	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,245	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,050	...	...	490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,405	...	...	445	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,785	...	...	435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,260	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,765	...	...	390	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,840	...	...	2,035	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,050	...	...	750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,490	...	...	505	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,305	...	...	775	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,725	...	...	4,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,364	...	...	109,129	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,754	...	...	91,758	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,170	...	...	2,280	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,854	...	...	93,013	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,916	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,270	...	...	1,460	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,627	...	...	161,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,992	...	...	127,296	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,370	...	...	435	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,296	...	...	58,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,696	...	...	53,632	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,720	...	...	4,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,097	...	...	130,148	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,862	...	...	103,045	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,190	...	...	2,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,429	...	...	110,605	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,813	...	...	89,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,270	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,076	...	...	170,375	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,443	...	...	131,353	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,370	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,604	...	...	77,846	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,102	...	...	66,427	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,730	7,130	8,600	1,920	855	1,070
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,901	26,826	23,903	41,003	52,352	34,475
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,813	24,884	23,258	36,636	44,416	31,296
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,655	7,100	8,550	1,885	850	1,035
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,364	35,865	31,287	54,754	69,992	42,275
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,625	30,077	27,419	44,228	54,818	35,556
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	92,550	44,045	48,505	13,430	6,560	6,870
In the bottom half of the distribution	55,980	25,710	30,270	4,405	1,965	2,445
In the bottom decile	11,730	5,330	6,400	765	335	430
In the second decile	12,890	5,480	7,410	985	415	565
In the third decile	11,285	5,240	6,045	940	395	545
In the fourth decile	10,485	4,980	5,505	795	370	430
In the fifth decile	9,590	4,675	4,910	925	455	470
In the top half of the distribution	36,575	18,335	18,240	9,020	4,590	4,430
In the sixth decile	9,280	4,540	4,740	1,180	595	580
In the seventh decile	8,465	4,265	4,200	1,450	725	725
In the eighth decile	8,130	4,025	4,105	1,645	845	805
In the ninth decile	6,670	3,425	3,245	2,180	1,090	1,095
In the top decile	4,030	2,080	1,950	2,565	1,345	1,225
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	92,550	44,045	48,505	13,425	6,555	6,870
0 to 17 years	15,265	7,760	7,505	2,310	1,165	1,140
0 to 5 years	4,405	2,195	2,210	860	430	430
18 to 64 years	56,225	26,830	29,395	7,970	3,900	4,075
65 years and over	21,055	9,455	11,610	3,150	1,495	1,655
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,245	7,985	10,265	1,255	520	735
0 to 17 years	4,465	2,345	2,120	255	115	140
0 to 5 years	1,575	830	745	90	35	55
18 to 64 years	9,800	4,250	5,545	730	315	415
65 years and over	3,980	1,385	2,595	265	85	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.1	21.2	9.3	7.9	10.7
0 to 17 years (%)	29.2	30.2	28.2	11.0	9.9	12.3
0 to 5 years (%)	35.8	37.8	33.7	10.5	8.1	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	17.4	15.8	18.9	9.2	8.1	10.2
65 years and over (%)	18.9	14.6	22.4	8.4	5.7	10.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,650	3,675	3,970	495	215	275
0 to 17 years	1,910	1,015	890	90	40	45
0 to 5 years	690	375	315	20	10	15
18 to 64 years	5,400	2,545	2,860	365	165	200
65 years and over	340	115	220	40	10	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	3.7	3.3	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.5	13.1	11.9	3.9	3.4	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	15.7	17.1	14.3	2.3	2.3	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	9.5	9.7	4.6	4.2	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.3	0.7	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	92,550	44,045	48,505	13,425	6,555	6,865
Official languages	92,525	44,035	48,490	13,415	6,560	6,855
English	92,505	44,020	48,480	13,410	6,555	6,855
French	3,925	1,685	2,240	960	425	535
Non-official languages	2,175	1,050	1,120	995	480	520
Aboriginal languages	150	85	65	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	150	85	70	0	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	140	75	65	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,025	970	1,050	990	475	515
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	75	95	75	45	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	70	90	65	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	160	70	85	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	10	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	55	65	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	50	70	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	10	15	0	10
Kannada	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	995	490	505	780	380	405
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	50	95	105	45	60
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	50	80	100	45	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Polish	50	20	25	25	10	20
Russian	20	15	10	20	15	0
Serbian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	0	35	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	160	70	90	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	165	70	95	0	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	135	120	210	115	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	55	40	10	50	35	15
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	190	95	95	150	75	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	25	30	25	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	95	50	245	120	130
Indo-Aryan languages	130	90	45	195	105	95
Bengali	10	0	10	35	20	20
Gujarati	10	0	0	70	45	30
Hindi	40	30	10	90	55	35
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	0	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	45	30	65	40	25
Iranian languages	10	0	10	55	15	40
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	55	10	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	120	140	195	90	105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	40	40	75	35	40
Portuguese	25	15	10	25	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	170	75	100	80	30	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	0	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	10	55	20	10	15
American Sign Language	40	10	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	0	30	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	500	260	240	40	15	20
Chinese languages	495	255	240	40	20	20
Cantonese	80	35	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	395	210	180	25	20	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	15	25	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	92,555	44,045	48,510	13,430	6,555	6,870
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	91,310	43,400	47,910	13,125	6,410	6,720
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,370	7,885	7,485	2,195	1,105	1,090
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	75,940	35,515	40,425	10,925	5,305	5,630
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,245	650	595	300	150	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	92,555	44,045	48,510	13,430	6,555	6,870
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	90,205	42,840	47,365	11,970	5,830	6,145
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,690	875	815	1,440	730	710
Before 1981	915	450	465	765	400	370
1981 to 1990	145	80	65	120	40	80
1991 to 2000	105	45	60	185	80	105
2001 to 2010	255	140	115	230	135	95
2001 to 2005	120	70	50	145	75	70
2006 to 2010	135	70	65	80	60	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	275	165	110	140	70	70
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	655	330	330	15	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,690	875	815	1,445	725	715
Under 5 years	285	135	150	230	125	110
5 to 14 years	315	190	125	285	135	150
15 to 24 years	365	155	210	330	155	175
25 to 44 years	625	335	290	545	290	255
45 years and over	100	60	40	45	25	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,690	875	815	1,440	725	715
Americas	355	150	205	145	70	70
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaica	15	0	10	15	10	0
Mexico	10	10	10	15	0	10
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	300	120	180	85	45	40
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	15	10	0	10
Europe	845	470	375	945	480	465
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	10	0	0
France	20	10	15	10	0	10
Germany	135	55	85	90	40	50
Greece	30	15	15	20	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	25	0	25	10	20
Italy	35	25	10	30	20	0
Netherlands	45	35	15	55	35	15
Poland	20	10	10	25	0	20
Portugal	0	0	0	25	15	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	15	0	15	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	445	260	185	560	280	280
Other places of birth in Europe	50	35	20	50	20	30
Africa	110	55	50	30	25	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	10	10	0
Asia	365	190	180	320	150	175
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	50	40	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	45	35	10	95	45	45
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	45	10	35
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	65	40	20	25	10	15
Philippines	80	20	55	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	40	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	30	20	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	275	165	110	140	70	70
Americas	35	15	20	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	25	15	65	40	25
France	10	0	0	10	10	10
Germany	10	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	0	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	160	100	60	65	20	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	15	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	15	10	0	0
Philippines	50	25	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	92,555	44,045	48,505	13,425	6,560	6,865
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,530	1,300	1,235	1,525	765	765
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,675	2,125	2,555	1,935	980	955
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	85,340	40,615	44,725	9,960	4,815	5,150
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	790	440	350	685	335	350
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	440	255	185	425	215	205
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	220	150	70	165	120	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	220	100	115	260	95	170
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	305	150	155	175	70	105
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	30	15	85	45	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	92,555	44,045	48,510	13,425	6,555	6,865
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,330	1,595	1,735	425	175	245
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,165	1,520	1,645	410	170	235
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,525	745	785	225	75	145
Métis	1,520	705	815	180	90	90
Inuk (Inuit)	115	65	50	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	115	40	70	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	89,225	42,450	46,775	13,005	6,380	6,625
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	92,555	44,045	48,505	13,430	6,560	6,870
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,040	525	515	225	70	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	91,515	43,525	47,990	13,200	6,485	6,715
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	92,550	44,045	48,510	13,430	6,555	6,870
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	605	295	310	75	40	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	570	270	300	75	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	365	160	210	50	25	25
Métis single ancestry	185	100	85	25	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	35	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,020	1,840	2,185	525	220	310
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,875	1,775	2,100	520	215	305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,355	1,130	1,225	350	140	215
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,310	565	745	170	80	95
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	80	135	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	145	60	85	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	55	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	87,925	41,910	46,015	12,830	6,300	6,530
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	92,555	44,045	48,505	13,430	6,560	6,870
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,415	1,230	1,190	620	315	310
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	265	150	115	240	130	110
Chinese	550	285	265	65	40	25
Black	1,100	545	555	80	60	25
Filipino	125	55	65	55	15	35
Latin American	40	20	20	25	10	20
Arab	200	110	90	45	20	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	0	50	15	35
Korean	50	30	25	30	15	15
Japanese	25	10	20	25	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	90,140	42,815	47,320	12,805	6,240	6,560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	92,550	44,045	48,505	13,425	6,560	6,865
North American Aboriginal origins	4,630	2,135	2,495	595	255	340
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,890	1,370	1,520	400	165	235
Inuit	260	105	150	10	10	0
Métis	1,670	750	920	195	90	100
Other North American origins	41,390	19,605	21,785	4,295	2,025	2,275
Acadian	985	465	525	15	15	10
American	215	110	105	155	95	60
Canadian	40,140	19,030	21,100	4,205	1,975	2,235
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	390	165	225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	60	25	35	10	10	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	25	15	0
Québécois	0	0	10	30	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	66,160	31,320	34,840	10,855	5,275	5,575
British Isles origins	58,340	27,460	30,870	8,730	4,240	4,490
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,010	10,475	12,540	5,335	2,620	2,720
Irish	21,960	10,455	11,505	3,495	1,685	1,810
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	37,935	17,800	20,135	4,125	1,980	2,145
Welsh	1,535	700	835	405	220	185
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	950	410	540	350	220	130
French origins	15,980	7,405	8,575	1,470	710	760
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,980	7,405	8,570	1,465	710	755
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,820	2,225	2,590	3,510	1,745	1,765
Austrian	65	20	40	80	45	35
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	505	255	245	55	35	25
Dutch	1,375	660	720	735	400	330
Flemish	0	10	0	30	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,125	1,425	1,705	2,795	1,335	1,460
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	25	20	80	25	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,015	435	585	300	120	180
Danish	235	95	140	50	10	35
Finnish	85	25	60	80	30	50
Icelandic	10	0	0	30	20	15
Norwegian	395	185	215	65	30	40
Swedish	250	100	150	85	35	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	40	45	15	10	0
Eastern European origins	4,620	2,090	2,530	1,195	600	590
Bulgarian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	115	60	60	55	25	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	35	55	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	380	195	185	210	100	110
Latvian	30	15	20	10	10	0
Lithuanian	225	90	135	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,320	1,050	1,270	430	200	230
Romanian	140	40	100	55	35	25
Russian	290	105	190	120	55	65
Slovak	70	25	45	60	25	40
Ukrainian	1,435	650	780	330	195	130
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,640	2,300	2,340	825	370	460
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	20	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	150	165	40	30	15
Italian	3,565	1,760	1,805	530	235	290
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	75	45	35	20	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	100	100	125	55	70
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	450	210	235	65	20	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	30	15	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	215	135	85	45	15	35
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	20	35	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	140	85	60	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	290	145	145	75	55	15
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	35	30	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	20	15	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	85	40	45	35	30	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	120	55	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	60	35	25	70	35	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	10	15	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	785	380	410	50	35	15
Central and West African origins	110	60	50	10	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	25	20	0	10	0
Algerian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	10	0	10	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	15	20	20	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	15	15	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	600	275	325	20	15	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	135	65	65	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	475	215	260	20	10	10
Asian origins	2,315	1,205	1,115	600	310	290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,195	615	580	215	115	95
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	120	60	65	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	55	35	15
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	10	60	15	45
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	35	0	30	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	925	470	450	0	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	10	0
Saudi Arabian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syrian	130	85	50	45	25	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	10	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	250	130	120	245	135	110
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	30	10	20
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	160	90	75	175	95	80
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	35	20	30	20	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	855	445	410	185	85	90
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	605	330	275	85	45	40
Filipino	130	60	70	30	20	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	35	15	20	20	10	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	30	20	30	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	10	10	15	10	10
Australian	20	10	0	10	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Owner	30,085	...	...	4,785	...	...
Renter	11,590	...	...	1,245	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Condominium	465	...	...	410	...	...
Not condominium	41,220	...	...	5,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	4,080	...	...	320	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,805	...	...	1,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,530	...	...	2,560	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,220	...	...	1,980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,280	...	...	850	...	...
5 rooms	7,285	...	...	760	...	...
6 rooms	7,990	...	...	855	...	...
7 rooms	6,515	...	...	980	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,610	...	...	2,590	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,550	...	...	6,015	...	...
More than 1 person per room	130	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Suitable	40,415	...	...	5,940	...	...
Not suitable	1,265	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
1960 or before	16,510	...	...	1,105	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,875	...	...	2,065	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,085	...	...	710	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,590	...	...	550	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,160	...	...	385	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,315	...	...	700	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,140	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,530	...	...	5,780	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,145	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	41,680	...	...	6,025	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,590	...	...	3,665	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,275	...	...	2,310	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	810	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	41,675	...	...	6,025	...	...
15 to 24 years	870	...	...	95	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,680	...	...	820	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,270	...	...	785	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,630	...	...	850	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,855	...	...	1,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,090	...	...	1,195	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,635	...	...	615	...	...
85 years and over	1,650	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,600	...	...	5,955	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,935	...	...	4,880	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,665	...	...	1,075	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,785	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,030	...	...	4,730	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	47.8	...	...	49.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	663	...	...	891	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	822	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	137,758	...	...	323,826	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	153,984	...	...	366,693	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,595	...	...	1,240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	25.0	...	...	16.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.2	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	723	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	743	...	...	935	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	80,215	37,775	42,435	11,460	5,565	5,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,385	9,000	9,395	1,550	695	860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,420	9,675	11,740	2,810	1,245	1,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,405	19,105	21,305	7,095	3,630	3,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,895	7,435	2,460	1,115	880	240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,205	3,325	1,880	370	240	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,690	4,110	580	745	640	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,470	6,025	10,445	3,400	1,490	1,905
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,285	850	1,435	280	135	145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,755	4,795	6,960	2,300	1,130	1,175
Bachelor's degree	8,255	3,235	5,025	1,740	900	845
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,070	465	605	140	50	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	195	115	40	25	15
Master's degree	1,805	705	1,095	355	130	220
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	315	190	125	30	25	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,020	23,135	25,890	7,105	3,475	3,630
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,455	3,485	2,965	495	220	275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,890	5,965	6,925	1,515	705	810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,675	13,680	15,995	5,100	2,550	2,550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,685	5,075	1,610	660	515	145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,575	2,315	1,260	205	130	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,115	2,765	350	455	390	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,515	4,630	7,885	2,545	1,155	1,395
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,535	580	950	175	80	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,945	3,395	5,550	1,710	795	915
Bachelor's degree	6,315	2,330	3,980	1,320	670	655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	710	300	415	85	25	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	135	105	30	15	15
Master's degree	1,455	500	955	260	75	185
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	220	125	95	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	80,210	37,780	42,435	11,455	5,570	5,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,810	18,675	21,135	4,365	1,935	2,425
Education	3,585	1,030	2,560	455	135	320
13. Education	3,590	1,025	2,560	450	130	320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	435	245	190	190	70	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	95	15	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	145	175	170	50	115
Humanities	1,365	605	760	300	105	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	30	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	320	110	205	70	15	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	185	365	95	35	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	25	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	80	45	45	20	25
54. History	245	150	90	55	20	30
55. French language and literature/letters	30	20	15	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,290	830	2,465	515	135	375
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	20	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	100	115	70	25	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,130	165	965	80	10	75
22. Legal professions and studies	530	140	395	60	10	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	30	0	0	10
42. Psychology	670	135	530	85	20	65
45. Social sciences	680	265	415	210	70	140
Business, management and public administration	7,435	1,950	5,485	1,040	280	755
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	15	10	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	530	85	445	70	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,880	1,855	5,035	970	275	700
Physical and life sciences and technologies	840	420	415	335	230	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	140	140	100	30	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	115	175	60	35	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	130	45	75	75	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	35	50	100	85	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	970	505	460	130	70	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	845	475	365	95	60	35
25. Library science	65	10	55	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	20	35	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,385	9,925	455	2,430	2,195	235
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	0	35	25	15
14. Engineering	815	750	70	620	515	105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,855	1,710	150	640	565	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,390	3,290	100	390	390	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,800	2,710	90	525	495	25
48. Precision production	1,490	1,445	45	220	205	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	395	255	140	125	70	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	170	85	85	55	30	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	170	55	70	40	25
Health and related fields	8,235	1,300	6,935	1,105	145	960
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	135	60	105	60	45
51. Health professions and related programs	7,920	1,085	6,835	1,000	90	910
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	80	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,475	2,035	1,440	475	195	275
12. Personal and culinary services	1,820	505	1,310	255	30	220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	45	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	485	400	80	145	95	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,115	1,070	45	70	75	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,020	23,130	25,890	7,105	3,475	3,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,345	9,455	9,895	2,005	925	1,080
Education	2,215	550	1,670	265	65	205
13. Education	2,215	550	1,670	270	70	200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	205	155	125	45	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	70	10	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	270	130	140	120	40	80
Humanities	915	355	565	195	45	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	25	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	225	70	155	45	0	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	395	120	280	60	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	15	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	30	20	10	15
54. History	155	85	70	35	15	25
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,700	640	2,060	375	90	290
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	15	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	80	75	55	20	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	900	135	760	65	10	60
22. Legal professions and studies	450	100	350	40	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	600	110	490	70	10	60
45. Social sciences	550	195	350	130	40	90
Business, management and public administration	5,500	1,415	4,080	785	210	580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	55	390	60	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,045	1,355	3,690	725	200	530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	640	310	330	260	180	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	105	130	60	20	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	245	95	150	45	20	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	110	85	30	70	70	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	20	85	70	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	840	435	400	105	60	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	725	405	315	75	50	25
25. Library science	60	15	50	20	10	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	15	25	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,265	6,945	320	1,760	1,560	205
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	30	15	15
14. Engineering	575	530	40	480	385	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,310	1,200	105	515	450	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,400	2,325	75	240	235	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,990	1,930	60	340	325	15
48. Precision production	985	945	40	155	150	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	300	195	105	100	55	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	60	65	40	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	135	40	60	30	25
Health and related fields	6,330	1,080	5,250	780	110	670
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	170	110	60	95	55	40
51. Health professions and related programs	6,080	930	5,150	685	55	630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	40	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,615	1,550	1,070	340	130	205
12. Personal and culinary services	1,325	375	950	175	20	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	410	330	80	125	75	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	850	820	30	40	40	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,455	5,565	5,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,805	18,675	21,135	4,360	1,935	2,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,405	19,100	21,305	7,095	3,630	3,460
Location of study inside Canada	39,110	18,470	20,640	6,465	3,280	3,185
Same as province or territory of residence	34,630	16,065	18,565	6,155	3,110	3,045
Different than province or territory of residence	4,485	2,405	2,070	310	170	140
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,295	635	665	625	355	275
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	560	250	310	130	55	70
Philippines	75	25	50	15	10	10
India	30	25	10	50	15	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	110	45	210	135	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	185	95	90	15	10	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	275	125	150	215	125	90
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,020	23,130	25,890	7,105	3,475	3,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,345	9,450	9,895	2,005	930	1,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,675	13,675	15,995	5,100	2,550	2,550
Location of study inside Canada	28,805	13,290	15,515	4,715	2,365	2,350
Same as province or territory of residence	25,610	11,595	14,015	4,500	2,250	2,250
Different than province or territory of residence	3,195	1,695	1,500	210	115	95
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	865	390	480	380	185	195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	380	140	240	90	35	60
Philippines	70	25	40	10	0	10
India	20	15	0	55	20	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	65	35	75	45	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	95	55	40	15	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	205	90	115	145	75	65
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,460	5,570	5,890
In the labour force	42,595	21,245	21,350	6,450	3,435	3,015
Employed	35,175	16,505	18,670	6,015	3,215	2,805
Unemployed	7,420	4,740	2,680	435	215	210
Not in the labour force	37,615	16,530	21,085	5,005	2,135	2,875
Participation rate	53.1	56.2	50.3	56.3	61.7	51.2
Employment rate	43.9	43.7	44.0	52.5	57.7	47.6
Unemployment rate	17.4	22.3	12.6	6.7	6.3	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	80,210	37,775	42,435	11,460	5,570	5,890
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,200	15,295	19,910	4,480	1,835	2,640
Worked	45,015	22,485	22,525	6,980	3,730	3,250
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,680	9,565	10,110	3,485	2,120	1,355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,335	12,915	12,415	3,495	1,605	1,890
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.7	37.3	40.2	42.8	43.7	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	42,595	21,245	21,345	6,450	3,430	3,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,295	720	575	60	30	25
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	41,305	20,530	20,775	6,390	3,400	2,990
Employee	38,945	18,945	19,995	5,620	2,995	2,630
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,360	1,585	780	770	410	360
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	42,600	21,245	21,350	6,445	3,430	3,020
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,295	720	575	55	35	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	41,300	20,525	20,775	6,390	3,400	2,990
0 Management occupations	2,815	1,765	1,055	635	375	260
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,510	1,360	4,150	765	190	570
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,475	1,285	185	580	435	145
3 Health occupations	4,350	740	3,610	465	50	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,120	1,700	3,420	595	190	400
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	740	300	440	155	60	100
6 Sales and service occupations	11,675	4,555	7,120	1,550	605	945
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,685	6,385	300	855	785	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,750	1,495	255	80	85	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,185	940	245	710	630	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	42,595	21,245	21,350	6,450	3,430	3,015
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,295	720	570	60	30	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	41,300	20,525	20,775	6,390	3,400	2,990
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,155	925	230	120	80	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	970	865	105	20	25	0
22 Utilities	355	315	45	1,740	1,320	420
23 Construction	3,430	3,075	355	445	395	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,630	1,275	350	170	100	65
41 Wholesale trade	650	495	155	75	50	30
44-45 Retail trade	5,770	2,450	3,320	795	310	490
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,710	1,355	360	115	65	50
51 Information and cultural industries	565	330	235	105	50	60
52 Finance and insurance	710	220	495	110	30	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	410	280	130	90	45	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,290	745	545	285	165	115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,715	1,610	1,110	130	65	70
61 Educational services	3,305	1,085	2,220	325	75	250
62 Health care and social assistance	7,370	1,260	6,105	620	55	570
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	880	455	425	145	70	75
72 Accommodation and food services	3,420	1,165	2,255	550	235	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,680	860	815	280	135	145
91 Public administration	3,280	1,765	1,520	255	145	105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,175	16,505	18,675	6,015	3,215	2,805
Worked at home	1,220	640	585	325	150	175
Worked outside Canada	50	40	15	10	10	10
No fixed workplace address	4,165	3,010	1,155	500	340	155
Worked at usual place	29,740	12,820	16,920	5,180	2,715	2,465
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,735	12,815	16,920	5,185	2,720	2,470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,640	11,500	16,135	2,350	915	1,435
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	545	225	315	2,150	1,545	605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	630	385	240	660	255	410
Commute to a different province or territory	930	705	230	30	10	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,905	15,830	18,075	5,680	3,055	2,620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	28,020	12,935	15,085	4,775	2,625	2,150
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,840	1,125	1,715	240	100	145
Public transit	900	605	295	85	30	50
Walked	1,375	645	735	420	200	220
Bicycle	60	40	20	105	70	35
Other method	715	490	225	50	35	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,905	15,830	18,075	5,680	3,060	2,625
Less than 15 minutes	14,660	6,020	8,640	2,260	910	1,345
15 to 29 minutes	12,970	6,110	6,855	1,550	1,040	505
30 to 44 minutes	4,495	2,505	1,985	1,335	845	490
45 to 59 minutes	955	590	360	415	175	240
60 minutes and over	830	595	230	125	80	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,905	15,830	18,080	5,680	3,060	2,625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,715	1,100	615	490	390	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,945	3,010	2,935	1,390	1,005	380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,110	4,625	4,485	1,440	715	730
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,180	2,905	5,275	1,140	370	770
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,130	1,175	1,955	545	185	360
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,825	3,015	2,810	670	395	285
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	46,295	23,115	23,175	7,190	3,835	3,355
Single responses	46,095	23,020	23,075	7,190	3,835	3,350
Official languages	46,055	22,995	23,050	7,185	3,840	3,350
English	45,875	22,945	22,920	7,175	3,840	3,340
French	180	50	130	15	0	15
Non-official languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	95	100	0	0	0
English and French	160	70	95	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	46,295	23,120	23,175	7,190	3,835	3,350
None	45,620	22,800	22,820	7,080	3,800	3,280
English	135	45	90	15	0	15
French	425	205	220	70	30	40
Non-official language	115	65	50	25	10	20
Aboriginal	35	25	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	40	35	25	10	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	91,810	43,705	48,105	13,275	6,490	6,775
Non-movers	84,270	40,070	44,205	11,690	5,680	6,010
Movers	7,535	3,640	3,895	1,585	815	770
Non-migrants	5,750	2,710	3,035	790	425	370
Migrants	1,785	925	860	795	395	400
Internal migrants	1,550	835	715	725	360	365
Intraprovincial migrants	580	315	270	700	355	345
Interprovincial migrants	970	525	450	30	10	20
External migrants	230	85	145	65	30	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	88,865	42,195	46,675	12,700	6,240	6,460
Non-movers	67,760	32,140	35,620	8,240	4,020	4,220
Movers	21,105	10,055	11,055	4,460	2,220	2,240
Non-migrants	15,780	7,360	8,415	2,040	1,035	1,010
Migrants	5,330	2,690	2,640	2,420	1,185	1,235
Internal migrants	4,430	2,205	2,220	2,280	1,110	1,170
Intraprovincial migrants	1,835	875	960	2,195	1,070	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	2,590	1,330	1,260	85	40	50
External migrants	905	490	415	135	75	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cape Breton, RGM [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saugeen Shores, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saugeen Shores, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saugeen Shores, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia and Saugeen Shores, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario