Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia and Marieville [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	North Shore Nova Scotia [Economic region]			Marieville Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia Map : North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Marieville [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	151,264	...	...	8,891	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	155,696	...	...	8,238^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	81,380	...	...	3,780	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	66,826	...	...	3,674	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.3	...	...	1,944.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,254.41	...	...	4.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	151,260	73,165	78,095	8,890	4,395	4,495
0 to 14 years	21,970	11,165	10,800	1,785	905	885
0 to 4 years	6,575	3,325	3,245	680	345	330
5 to 9 years	7,690	3,925	3,770	665	330	330
10 to 14 years	7,705	3,915	3,790	445	225	220
15 to 64 years	94,485	45,975	48,510	5,755	2,905	2,855
15 to 19 years	8,520	4,365	4,155	430	210	220
20 to 24 years	7,645	3,850	3,790	450	225	220
25 to 29 years	6,735	3,280	3,455	710	350	365
30 to 34 years	7,195	3,420	3,770	745	380	365
35 to 39 years	7,800	3,705	4,090	715	365	345
40 to 44 years	9,010	4,290	4,720	505	270	240
45 to 49 years	9,825	4,775	5,045	495	250	250
50 to 54 years	12,205	5,925	6,280	625	310	315
55 to 59 years	12,915	6,205	6,710	600	300	300
60 to 64 years	12,645	6,150	6,495	475	240	235
65 years and over	34,805	16,025	18,785	1,345	590	760
65 to 69 years	11,885	5,820	6,060	435	210	225
70 to 74 years	8,530	4,220	4,310	330	165	170
75 to 79 years	6,020	2,800	3,220	205	90	115
80 to 84 years	4,090	1,770	2,325	165	65	100
85 years and over	4,285	1,410	2,870	205	65	145
85 to 89 years	2,650	980	1,670	125	50	80
90 to 94 years	1,215	350	865	65	10	50
95 to 99 years	370	70	300	20	5	15
100 years and over	50	10	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.3	13.8	20.1	20.6	19.7
15 to 64 years	62.5	62.8	62.1	64.7	66.1	63.5
65 years and over	23.0	21.9	24.1	15.1	13.4	16.9
85 years and over	2.8	1.9	3.7	2.3	1.5	3.2
Average age of the population	45.2	44.3	46.0	38.7	37.8	39.6
Median age of the population	48.5	47.6	49.2	37.1	36.6	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Single-detached house	48,985	...	...	1,600	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	30	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,020	...	...	2,025	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,865	...	...	350	...	...
Row house	1,235	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,245	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,470	...	...	1,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	4,785	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 person	20,420	...	...	1,155	...	...
2 persons	26,635	...	...	1,200	...	...
3 persons	9,310	...	...	570	...	...
4 persons	6,955	...	...	535	...	...
5 or more persons	3,505	...	...	210	...	...
Number of persons in private households	148,360	...	...	8,560	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	129,295	62,000	67,290	7,100	3,495	3,610
Married or living common law	75,785	37,860	37,925	4,175	2,085	2,095
Married	62,225	31,120	31,105	1,980	995	985
Living common law	13,560	6,745	6,815	2,195	1,085	1,105
Not married and not living common law	53,510	24,140	29,370	2,925	1,410	1,515
Never married	30,915	16,515	14,400	1,880	1,050	835
Separated	4,320	1,915	2,405	100	35	65
Divorced	8,250	3,550	4,700	535	240	300
Widowed	10,020	2,160	7,865	405	90	315
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	45,185	...	...	2,455	...	...
2 persons	27,085	...	...	1,225	...	...
3 persons	8,900	...	...	550	...	...
4 persons	6,455	...	...	520	...	...
5 or more persons	2,745	...	...	160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	45,185	...	...	2,455	...	...
Total couple families	37,345	...	...	2,020	...	...
Married couples	30,560	...	...	925	...	...
Common-law couples	6,780	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,840	...	...	435	...	...
Female parent	6,150	...	...	315	...	...
Male parent	1,685	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	37,345	...	...	2,020	...	...
Couples without children	22,190	...	...	975	...	...
Couples with children	15,155	...	...	1,045	...	...
1 child	6,775	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	5,825	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more children	2,555	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,840	...	...	435	...	...
1 child	4,895	...	...	250	...	...
2 children	2,125	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more children	815	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	27,080	12,290	14,790	1,540	860	685
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
One-census-family households	43,675	...	...	2,385	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	21,630	...	...	945	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,040	...	...	1,440	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	750	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,405	...	...	1,255	...	...
One-person households	20,415	...	...	1,150	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,985	...	...	100	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	148,805	72,145	76,655	8,605	4,310	4,295
English only	139,900	68,490	71,410	20	10	10
French only	20	5	10	5,605	2,625	2,975
English and French	8,735	3,570	5,165	2,945	1,640	1,305
Neither English nor French	150	80	70	35	35	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	148,800	72,145	76,655	8,605	4,310	4,295
English	146,850	71,225	75,620	165	90	80
French	1,720	810	915	8,375	4,175	4,205
English and French	100	40	60	30	15	10
Neither English nor French	135	75	60	35	30	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,775	830	945	180	95	85
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.2	2.1	2.2	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	148,805	72,145	76,655	8,605	4,310	4,295
Single responses	148,210	71,865	76,345	8,535	4,280	4,255
Official languages	145,000	70,350	74,650	8,375	4,185	4,190
English	143,035	69,440	73,595	145	80	65
French	1,960	910	1,050	8,230	4,105	4,130
Non-official languages	3,210	1,515	1,695	155	95	60
Aboriginal languages	395	170	225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	375	160	215	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	375	160	215	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	375	155	215	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	10	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,815	1,340	1,470	160	95	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	200	115	85	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	195	115	85	20	15	10
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	185	110	80	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	260	105	160	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	225	85	135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,755	845	905	115	75	40
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	80	110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	175	75	105	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	40	0	0	0
Russian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	5	15	0	5	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,025	510	510	5	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	440	230	205	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	505	240	270	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	105	105	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	80	5	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	25	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	125	140	100	65	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	15	10	10	5
Portuguese	40	15	20	10	5	5
Romanian	15	5	5	0	5	0
Spanish	165	70	95	80	50	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	125	170	5	5	5
Chinese languages	300	125	170	10	0	5
Cantonese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	60	90	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	15	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	595	280	315	70	25	40
English and French	275	125	150	55	25	30
English and non-official language	285	135	150	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	148,800	72,145	76,655	8,605	4,310	4,295
Single responses	147,970	71,765	76,205	8,545	4,275	4,270
Official languages	146,855	71,230	75,625	8,460	4,215	4,245
English	146,470	71,045	75,420	130	70	60
French	385	185	200	8,335	4,150	4,185
Non-official languages	1,115	535	580	80	60	25
Aboriginal languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	80	35	45	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,030	500	530	85	60	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	65	50	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	60	55	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	110	60	50	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	140	65	70	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	60	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	485	230	250	70	50	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	100	115	0	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	180	85	95	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	5	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	60	65	45	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	5	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	90	45	50	60	45	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	80	95	5	0	0
Chinese languages	175	75	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	45	55	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	5	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	835	380	455	60	35	25
English and French	150	70	85	30	20	10
English and non-official language	675	310	365	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	5	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	148,805	72,145	76,660	8,605	4,305	4,295
None	145,130	70,530	74,600	8,015	4,000	4,015
English	700	330	370	410	220	190
French	1,485	610	875	95	45	45
Non-official language	1,430	645	785	70	35	30
Aboriginal	270	110	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,160	535	625	70	40	35
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	5	10	0	10
French and non-official language	45	30	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	126,440	60,820	65,620	6,775	3,390	3,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	121,575	58,550	63,030	6,585	3,305	3,285
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,671	36,064	24,755	37,385	43,257	31,285
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	121,620	58,550	63,070	6,590	3,300	3,285
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,992	31,908	23,193	32,809	36,664	28,236
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,795	51,405	52,390	6,060	3,105	2,955
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,019	33,325	22,118	33,307	40,720	26,596
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,685	42,550	52,135	5,010	2,285	2,720
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,578	9,489	8,059	6,800	4,752	8,139
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,535	42,000	40,535	5,300	2,790	2,505
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,445	33,076	23,454	34,883	41,572	29,049
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	126,440	60,815	65,625	6,760	3,375	3,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	121,630	58,500	63,125	6,585	3,285	3,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,743	46,441	31,609	40,684	46,307	35,089
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	121,670	58,510	63,165	6,585	3,290	3,300
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,258	37,682	27,233	34,116	38,123	30,129
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,865	51,300	52,570	6,085	3,110	2,975
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,920	44,888	29,144	37,130	43,383	30,595
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,955	42,625	52,330	5,030	2,330	2,700
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,241	9,720	8,851	8,351	7,399	9,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,535	41,805	40,730	5,305	2,770	2,535
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,522	43,335	29,530	37,364	41,853	32,460
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	126,440	60,815	65,625	6,760	3,380	3,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	37,420	19,740	17,680	2,530	1,380	1,145
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,379	50,329	39,737	45,666	50,588	40,084
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,708	61,375	45,149	49,321	54,330	43,292
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.2	84.5	76.8	84.2	89.0	77.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.7	66.5	60.0	74.2	78.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.8	15.5	23.2	15.8	10.9	22.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	126,440	60,820	65,620	6,775	3,385	3,385
Without total income	4,865	2,270	2,595	185	90	100
With total income	121,575	58,550	63,025	6,590	3,305	3,285
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.3	96.0	97.3	97.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,900	6,905	9,990	590	235	355
$10,000 to $19,999	24,235	9,130	15,100	1,000	355	650
$20,000 to $29,999	20,185	8,395	11,795	975	415	555
$30,000 to $39,999	16,875	7,895	8,975	1,015	480	540
$40,000 to $49,999	13,295	6,990	6,305	1,000	515	480
$50,000 to $59,999	8,970	5,330	3,640	720	415	305
$60,000 to $69,999	5,945	3,900	2,050	505	335	180
$70,000 to $79,999	4,600	2,825	1,775	340	230	110
$80,000 to $89,999	3,460	1,960	1,505	160	120	45
$90,000 to $99,999	2,015	1,305	710	95	70	25
$100,000 and over	5,095	3,910	1,180	185	145	45
$100,000 to $149,999	3,640	2,750	890	165	125	40
$150,000 and over	1,450	1,160	290	25	20	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	126,440	60,820	65,625	6,775	3,390	3,385
Without after-tax income	4,820	2,265	2,555	185	85	100
With after-tax income	121,620	58,550	63,070	6,590	3,305	3,285
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.3	96.1	97.3	97.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,575	7,035	10,540	605	235	370
$10,000 to $19,999	25,715	9,810	15,910	1,060	385	675
$20,000 to $29,999	24,205	10,445	13,755	1,285	560	720
$30,000 to $39,999	20,270	10,030	10,245	1,385	720	665
$40,000 to $49,999	13,350	7,805	5,545	1,065	610	455
$50,000 to $59,999	8,035	5,155	2,880	655	405	245
$60,000 to $69,999	5,310	3,085	2,225	280	190	85
$70,000 to $79,999	2,800	1,835	970	120	90	30
$80,000 and over	4,360	3,355	1,010	145	105	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	1,090	400	65	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	895	685	205	30	25	5
$100,000 and over	1,985	1,580	400	40	30	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	126,440	60,820	65,625	6,775	3,390	3,385
Without employment income	43,905	18,820	25,085	1,470	595	880
With employment income	82,535	42,000	40,535	5,300	2,795	2,505
Percentage with employment income	65.3	69.1	61.8	78.2	82.4	74.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,975	6,320	6,650	560	295	265
$5,000 to $9,999	7,575	3,205	4,365	335	150	180
$10,000 to $19,999	12,325	5,375	6,945	700	275	425
$20,000 to $29,999	10,900	4,705	6,190	700	285	420
$30,000 to $39,999	10,055	4,620	5,435	750	320	430
$40,000 to $49,999	7,930	4,175	3,750	730	395	340
$50,000 to $59,999	5,685	3,550	2,135	545	355	195
$60,000 to $69,999	3,895	2,600	1,295	385	280	105
$70,000 to $79,999	3,445	2,070	1,375	260	175	85
$80,000 and over	7,750	5,370	2,385	335	270	70
$80,000 to $89,999	2,705	1,465	1,240	130	105	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,455	995	465	80	65	15
$100,000 and over	3,590	2,910	680	125	100	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,975	...	...	64,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,764	...	...	55,501	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	20,420	...	...	1,150	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,722	...	...	35,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,804	...	...	31,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	46,405	...	...	2,525	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,587	...	...	82,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,868	...	...	70,534	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,516	...	...	72,941	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,731	...	...	61,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20,425	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,416	...	...	42,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,974	...	...	35,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	46,400	...	...	2,505	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,965	...	...	87,307	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,388	...	...	73,250	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Under $5,000	880	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,370	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,165	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,085	...	...	155	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,940	...	...	160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,490	...	...	140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,130	...	...	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,675	...	...	180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,480	...	...	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,275	...	...	190	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,765	...	...	350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,245	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,525	...	...	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,810	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,110	...	...	250	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,890	...	...	890	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,635	...	...	440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,435	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,090	...	...	155	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,725	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Under $5,000	920	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,400	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,205	...	...	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,305	...	...	165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,455	...	...	190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,090	...	...	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,755	...	...	200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,380	...	...	250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,995	...	...	220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,810	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,880	...	...	435	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,860	...	...	325	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,755	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,695	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,815	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,510	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,510	...	...	305	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,090	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,910	...	...	65	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	44,970	...	...	2,460	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,557	...	...	82,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,806	...	...	70,278	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	21,190	...	...	925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,296	...	...	70,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,431	...	...	59,648	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,400	...	...	1,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,451	...	...	103,253	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,800	...	...	87,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,320	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,181	...	...	51,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,358	...	...	46,891	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	44,935	...	...	2,435	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,173	...	...	86,502	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,472	...	...	72,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	21,155	...	...	885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,600	...	...	77,221	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,569	...	...	64,674	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,380	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,664	...	...	106,246	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,326	...	...	88,590	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,335	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,448	...	...	56,651	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,152	...	...	49,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,560	11,235	13,325	1,375	770	605
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,941	28,959	24,152	33,792	39,872	27,744
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,235	26,331	23,306	29,824	33,941	25,520
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,560	11,175	13,390	1,395	775	620
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,197	36,968	31,883	41,062	45,410	35,664
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,029	30,572	27,741	34,394	37,895	30,047
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	148,360	71,965	76,395	8,560	4,290	4,270
In the bottom half of the distribution	92,330	43,505	48,830	4,890	2,405	2,485
In the bottom decile	16,820	7,795	9,025	565	265	295
In the second decile	22,250	9,755	12,495	770	340	430
In the third decile	19,120	9,115	10,005	1,025	485	535
In the fourth decile	17,885	8,770	9,115	1,195	615	580
In the fifth decile	16,260	8,065	8,190	1,340	695	640
In the top half of the distribution	56,030	28,460	27,570	3,670	1,885	1,785
In the sixth decile	15,335	7,745	7,580	1,285	655	625
In the seventh decile	13,690	6,890	6,800	1,110	560	550
In the eighth decile	11,810	6,010	5,800	700	360	340
In the ninth decile	9,120	4,645	4,475	405	215	185
In the top decile	6,080	3,170	2,910	175	90	80
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	146,710	71,170	75,545	8,560	4,290	4,270
0 to 17 years	26,480	13,475	13,010	2,045	1,030	1,015
0 to 5 years	7,830	3,995	3,835	805	410	400
18 to 64 years	87,490	42,310	45,180	5,475	2,765	2,710
65 years and over	32,740	15,380	17,355	1,040	495	540
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	28,160	12,610	15,550	875	380	495
0 to 17 years	6,480	3,245	3,230	205	100	100
0 to 5 years	2,290	1,135	1,155	55	20	30
18 to 64 years	14,765	6,685	8,080	495	215	285
65 years and over	6,920	2,680	4,235	175	60	115
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.2	17.7	20.6	10.2	8.9	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	24.5	24.1	24.8	10.0	9.7	9.9
0 to 5 years (%)	29.2	28.4	30.1	6.8	4.9	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	16.9	15.8	17.9	9.0	7.8	10.5
65 years and over (%)	21.1	17.4	24.4	16.8	12.1	21.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,495	4,580	4,915	355	180	175
0 to 17 years	2,125	1,045	1,080	70	40	30
0 to 5 years	750	350	395	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	6,925	3,345	3,585	270	135	130
65 years and over	445	190	255	20	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	6.4	6.5	4.1	4.2	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.8	8.3	3.4	3.9	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.8	10.3	3.1	2.4	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.9	7.9	4.9	4.9	4.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.9	1.0	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	148,365	71,965	76,395	8,570	4,290	4,280
Official languages	148,210	71,880	76,330	8,545	4,265	4,275
English	148,180	71,865	76,310	2,995	1,660	1,335
French	8,655	3,540	5,115	8,535	4,270	4,260
Non-official languages	5,095	2,370	2,720	285	145	140
Aboriginal languages	520	205	315	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	505	200	305	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	500	200	305	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	500	195	300	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,575	2,165	2,410	290	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	140	115	40	20	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	140	110	45	20	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	135	115	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	320	130	190	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	25	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	110	170	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	65	30	40	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	20	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,000	1,455	1,545	220	115	100
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	265	135	135	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	130	120	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Russian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	260	115	145	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	250	110	140	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,345	675	675	10	10	0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	525	245	280	10	0	10
Frisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
German	790	395	390	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	490	240	245	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	395	200	195	0	0	0
Bengali	60	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	155	80	75	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Urdu	90	40	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	45	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	740	330	405	210	110	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	45	25	35	10	20
Portuguese	55	20	40	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	625	275	345	170	95	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	45	50	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	215	80	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	15	60	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	135	65	75	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	365	155	210	0	0	10
Chinese languages	365	155	210	0	10	0
Cantonese	105	45	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	225	85	135	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	40	30	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	148,360	71,965	76,400	8,565	4,290	4,280
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	145,945	70,770	75,175	8,490	4,250	4,245
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,830	13,665	13,175	2,035	1,045	990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	119,115	57,110	62,005	6,460	3,205	3,255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,415	1,190	1,220	75	40	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	148,365	71,965	76,395	8,565	4,290	4,280
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	142,585	69,135	73,450	8,325	4,170	4,155
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,225	2,530	2,695	220	100	120
Before 1981	2,510	1,240	1,270	45	20	20
1981 to 1990	480	255	225	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	475	200	275	60	15	40
2001 to 2010	930	420	510	80	45	30
2001 to 2005	350	145	205	40	20	25
2006 to 2010	580	265	310	40	30	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	835	420	415	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	550	300	250	20	20	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,225	2,535	2,695	220	95	120
Under 5 years	755	360	395	35	10	25
5 to 14 years	1,010	510	495	40	20	20
15 to 24 years	955	440	515	20	10	15
25 to 44 years	2,050	985	1,060	100	50	50
45 years and over	460	240	220	20	15	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,225	2,535	2,695	215	100	120
Americas	1,225	585	635	55	25	35
Brazil	0	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	15	10	10
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaica	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	945	445	500	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	130	65	65	15	10	0
Europe	2,655	1,305	1,350	90	55	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	30	0	20	0	0	0
France	50	30	20	70	45	30
Germany	295	145	155	0	0	0
Greece	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	30	25	10	10	10	0
Netherlands	480	260	220	0	0	10
Poland	45	20	30	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,395	650	740	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	185	110	75	0	0	0
Africa	170	110	60	50	20	30
Algeria	0	10	0	10	0	10
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	25	10	15
Nigeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	65	40	15	10	10
Asia	1,135	505	630	20	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	30	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	150	55	100	15	0	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	175	90	90	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	100	45	50	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	25	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	70	35	35	0	0	0
Philippines	280	110	175	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	15	10	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	835	415	410	20	10	15
Americas	130	70	55	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	35	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	45	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	200	95	105	10	0	10
France	0	0	10	10	0	10
Germany	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	55	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	50	35	10	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	445	205	235	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	95	50	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	220	85	135	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	148,360	71,965	76,395	8,570	4,290	4,275
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,270	3,040	3,230	250	125	125
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,965	4,305	4,660	305	145	160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	133,125	64,615	68,505	8,010	4,020	3,995
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,780	1,325	1,450	180	80	95
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,640	825	810	90	45	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	705	470	230	35	20	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	935	355	580	55	20	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	985	410	575	70	30	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	125	70	55	20	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	148,360	71,965	76,400	8,565	4,290	4,275
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	7,200	3,450	3,745	100	65	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	7,005	3,360	3,645	95	60	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,815	1,795	2,020	40	15	20
Métis	3,105	1,520	1,585	55	40	10
Inuk (Inuit)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	100	50	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	100	45	55	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	141,160	68,515	72,650	8,470	4,230	4,240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	148,365	71,965	76,395	8,565	4,290	4,275
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,020	1,415	1,610	15	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	145,340	70,550	74,790	8,550	4,285	4,275
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	148,360	71,965	76,395	8,565	4,290	4,275
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,045	1,010	1,035	70	40	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,035	1,000	1,035	75	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,765	885	885	70	40	35
Métis single ancestry	255	110	145	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,005	3,660	4,350	280	145	140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,790	3,550	4,235	275	145	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,705	2,105	2,600	265	135	130
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,950	1,380	1,570	15	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	65	70	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	215	105	110	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	90	110	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	138,310	67,295	71,015	8,210	4,105	4,110
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	148,360	71,965	76,395	8,570	4,290	4,275
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,820	2,325	2,495	225	120	105
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	670	325	345	0	0	0
Chinese	430	145	285	30	10	20
Black	2,585	1,335	1,255	70	35	40
Filipino	355	165	195	10	10	0
Latin American	155	65	90	50	40	15
Arab	195	105	90	40	25	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	40	60	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	95	50	50	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Japanese	65	20	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	70	30	35	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	143,545	69,640	73,900	8,345	4,175	4,170
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	148,360	71,965	76,395	8,565	4,290	4,275
North American Aboriginal origins	10,050	4,670	5,385	355	185	170
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,680	3,090	3,595	335	175	165
Inuit	170	90	80	0	0	0
Métis	3,425	1,600	1,825	15	10	10
Other North American origins	69,760	33,900	35,865	6,710	3,350	3,360
Acadian	2,560	1,250	1,315	30	10	15
American	995	515	480	30	0	20
Canadian	67,070	32,550	34,520	6,475	3,230	3,240
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	70	55	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	185	100	85	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	55	20	40	225	125	105
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	103,500	49,895	53,610	2,945	1,460	1,480
British Isles origins	90,715	43,640	47,075	740	385	355
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	42,425	19,985	22,440	260	130	130
Irish	32,385	15,000	17,390	435	225	210
Manx	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	57,375	27,795	29,575	125	55	70
Welsh	2,290	1,040	1,245	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,150	960	1,190	25	0	10
French origins	23,145	10,830	12,320	2,355	1,155	1,205
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	40	15	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	23,140	10,820	12,315	2,335	1,150	1,185
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,175	7,575	8,600	135	65	65
Austrian	250	130	125	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	625	305	315	35	15	20
Dutch	4,985	2,255	2,730	10	10	10
Flemish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	11,150	5,240	5,905	85	40	45
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	455	220	235	0	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,355	1,090	1,270	10	10	0
Danish	750	335	415	0	0	0
Finnish	160	65	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	55	20	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	665	340	325	10	0	0
Swedish	555	195	360	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	265	165	105	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,245	1,580	1,670	60	40	20
Bulgarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	155	75	75	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	85	30	55	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	305	115	190	15	10	0
Latvian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	155	75	85	15	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,185	580	595	10	10	0
Romanian	110	60	45	10	0	10
Russian	480	235	245	10	10	0
Slovak	90	45	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	930	460	470	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,615	1,270	1,345	205	110	95
Albanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	70	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	125	95	20	15	0
Italian	1,305	630	675	145	70	75
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	385	160	225	25	10	10
Serbian	30	15	15	10	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	410	200	215	15	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	20	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	215	105	15	10	0
Basque	0	10	0	10	0	0
Jewish	95	65	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	210	130	80	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	465	225	235	60	35	25
Antiguan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	10	0	10
Dominican	10	10	10	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	0	45	25	20
Jamaican	250	130	125	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	40	20	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	170	150	70	40	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	40	25	10	15	10	0
Colombian	55	30	25	25	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	30	30	0
Guyanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	95	60	35	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,830	865	970	80	35	40
Central and West African origins	85	50	40	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	120	35	80	55	25	30
Algerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Berber	0	10	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	15	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	20	10	10
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	20	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	40	45	20	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	15	0	0	0
South African	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	20	10	10	0	0
Other African origins	1,540	740	800	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	240	110	125	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,300	625	680	10	10	0
Asian origins	2,850	1,310	1,545	60	20	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	785	390	395	20	10	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	15	25	0	0	10
Armenian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	130	55	80	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	410	235	175	15	0	10
Palestinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	815	395	425	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
East Indian	610	295	320	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	100	55	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	35	0	20	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	20	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,205	510	700	40	15	25
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	585	225	355	15	0	15
Filipino	330	160	165	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	40	70	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	45	50	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	0	30	15	10	0
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	15	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	100	40	55	0	0	0
Australian	55	25	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	15	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Owner	49,465	...	...	2,380	...	...
Renter	16,860	...	...	1,290	...	...
Band housing	500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	66,825	...	...	3,670	...	...
Condominium	905	...	...	485	...	...
Not condominium	65,920	...	...	3,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,460	...	...	390	...	...
2 bedrooms	18,070	...	...	1,425	...	...
3 bedrooms	27,030	...	...	1,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,200	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,335	...	...	1,180	...	...
5 rooms	12,165	...	...	600	...	...
6 rooms	11,880	...	...	460	...	...
7 rooms	9,745	...	...	445	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,700	...	...	985	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	66,600	...	...	3,660	...	...
More than 1 person per room	225	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Suitable	65,305	...	...	3,585	...	...
Not suitable	1,515	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
1960 or before	22,060	...	...	675	...	...
1961 to 1980	18,190	...	...	910	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,310	...	...	405	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,400	...	...	245	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,180	...	...	135	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,865	...	...	980	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,825	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	59,925	...	...	3,500	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,905	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 household maintainer	42,140	...	...	2,195	...	...
2 household maintainers	24,055	...	...	1,445	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	625	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	66,825	...	...	3,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,665	...	...	115	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,695	...	...	800	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,130	...	...	715	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,410	...	...	680	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,905	...	...	670	...	...
65 to 74 years	12,675	...	...	465	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,785	...	...	175	...	...
85 years and over	2,555	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	65,325	...	...	3,675	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	52,785	...	...	3,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,530	...	...	615	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,300	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	48,605	...	...	2,380	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.2	...	...	78.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.0	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	662	...	...	1,157	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	811	...	...	1,170	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,619	...	...	229,447	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,570	...	...	241,445	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,815	...	...	1,290	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.8	...	...	26.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	714	...	...	696	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	743	...	...	736	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	126,440	60,815	65,630	6,760	3,380	3,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	28,470	15,105	13,370	1,640	915	720
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	32,905	15,950	16,950	1,465	730	745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65,065	29,760	35,305	3,650	1,735	1,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,960	9,970	3,990	1,555	960	595
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,850	4,725	3,120	1,110	590	515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,110	5,245	865	445	370	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,385	10,940	18,450	1,155	460	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,875	1,015	1,860	160	30	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,845	7,845	11,000	790	290	500
Bachelor's degree	12,615	5,060	7,555	610	210	400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,110	425	685	60	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	610	340	280	10	0	10
Master's degree	3,880	1,680	2,200	100	50	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	620	345	280	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	77,600	37,235	40,365	4,850	2,425	2,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,025	6,535	4,490	835	470	360
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,860	9,855	10,010	990	510	480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,715	20,850	25,865	3,025	1,445	1,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,225	6,615	2,605	1,305	805	505
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,165	3,110	2,055	930	485	445
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,060	3,505	555	370	315	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,595	8,215	13,380	915	370	545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,710	595	1,110	120	25	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,195	5,420	8,775	690	245	440
Bachelor's degree	9,645	3,685	5,960	535	185	345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	745	220	530	45	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	490	235	250	10	0	10
Master's degree	2,880	1,080	1,800	85	40	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	435	200	235	15	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	126,440	60,815	65,625	6,760	3,380	3,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	61,375	31,050	30,325	3,105	1,645	1,465
Education	5,780	1,615	4,165	275	50	220
13. Education	5,785	1,620	4,165	275	50	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	995	450	535	165	60	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	145	40	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	805	310	495	130	35	95
Humanities	2,235	925	1,310	125	35	90
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	10	90	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	515	160	355	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	555	220	330	95	20	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	55	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	435	240	190	0	0	0
54. History	405	210	190	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	15	80	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,905	1,230	3,680	255	60	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	10	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	105	120	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,515	95	1,420	80	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	855	215	640	40	10	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	0	70	10	0	10
42. Psychology	910	200	715	25	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,260	600	655	65	30	40
Business, management and public administration	13,575	3,115	10,455	750	225	520
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	0	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,145	240	900	40	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,390	2,870	9,520	710	215	495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,695	865	830	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	665	305	360	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	435	220	220	15	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	450	320	130	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	20	90	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,830	980	850	70	65	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,480	830	650	70	65	0
25. Library science	130	0	120	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	205	130	75	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,465	14,735	735	1,055	945	105
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	50	15	0	10
14. Engineering	1,145	1,010	135	60	45	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,495	2,215	280	185	150	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,315	4,255	60	305	290	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,830	4,735	100	305	295	10
48. Precision production	2,560	2,450	110	185	160	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,195	1,405	790	105	50	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,300	655	650	85	40	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	895	755	140	15	10	10
Health and related fields	10,835	1,390	9,445	470	70	400
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	585	280	305	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	10,085	1,000	9,085	455	65	385
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	170	105	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,555	3,055	2,500	350	165	185
12. Personal and culinary services	2,850	680	2,170	215	45	170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	125	130	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	805	580	220	65	50	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,770	1,660	110	65	70	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	77,595	37,235	40,365	4,850	2,425	2,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,880	16,385	14,500	1,825	985	840
Education	3,730	895	2,840	205	40	165
13. Education	3,730	895	2,840	205	40	165
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	720	315	405	140	55	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	90	40	35	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	590	220	370	110	30	80
Humanities	1,560	650	915	100	25	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	10	50	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	340	90	245	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	185	250	75	15	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	40	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	135	100	0	0	0
54. History	320	160	160	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	80	15	65	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,970	910	3,065	205	50	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	0	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	85	100	20	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,245	70	1,170	70	10	60
22. Legal professions and studies	710	120	590	35	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	50	10	0	0
42. Psychology	710	145	560	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	1,020	475	550	45	30	15
Business, management and public administration	9,620	2,265	7,350	645	185	460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	945	180	765	40	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,635	2,080	6,555	605	170	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,120	545	580	30	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	505	230	280	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	275	125	150	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	270	180	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,530	840	685	60	55	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,280	735	545	55	50	0
25. Library science	85	10	80	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	90	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,795	10,185	610	895	800	95
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	40	15	0	15
14. Engineering	740	640	100	60	40	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,740	1,495	245	170	135	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,120	3,075	45	265	255	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,445	3,365	80	220	215	10
48. Precision production	1,670	1,570	105	165	145	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,640	995	645	85	35	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	965	435	525	70	25	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	675	560	120	20	10	10
Health and related fields	7,900	1,025	6,875	365	50	310
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	410	195	210	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	7,370	745	6,625	345	45	300
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	90	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,125	2,230	1,895	300	135	165
12. Personal and culinary services	2,190	540	1,650	175	30	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	45	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	585	420	165	55	45	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,300	1,225	75	65	65	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	126,440	60,810	65,625	6,760	3,380	3,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,375	31,050	30,320	3,110	1,645	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65,065	29,765	35,305	3,650	1,735	1,915
Location of study inside Canada	62,195	28,310	33,885	3,600	1,715	1,890
Same as province or territory of residence	49,955	22,145	27,815	3,565	1,680	1,880
Different than province or territory of residence	12,240	6,170	6,070	40	35	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,870	1,455	1,415	45	20	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,055	570	485	10	0	0
Philippines	175	55	120	0	0	0
India	140	65	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	600	340	260	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	0	0	0
France	15	15	0	20	10	10
Other	860	395	460	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	77,600	37,235	40,365	4,850	2,425	2,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,880	16,385	14,500	1,820	985	840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	46,715	20,850	25,865	3,030	1,440	1,585
Location of study inside Canada	44,780	19,955	24,820	2,985	1,420	1,560
Same as province or territory of residence	36,195	15,760	20,435	2,940	1,385	1,555
Different than province or territory of residence	8,585	4,195	4,385	40	35	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,935	890	1,045	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	655	300	355	0	0	10
Philippines	150	50	95	0	0	0
India	115	55	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	360	200	160	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	25	10	10
Other	625	265	360	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	126,440	60,810	65,625	6,760	3,375	3,385
In the labour force	73,125	37,380	35,745	4,965	2,525	2,440
Employed	64,820	32,120	32,700	4,725	2,395	2,335
Unemployed	8,305	5,260	3,045	235	135	100
Not in the labour force	53,310	23,430	29,880	1,795	855	945
Participation rate	57.8	61.5	54.5	73.4	74.8	72.1
Employment rate	51.3	52.8	49.8	69.9	71.0	69.0
Unemployment rate	11.4	14.1	8.5	4.7	5.3	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	126,440	60,815	65,630	6,760	3,380	3,380
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	48,475	21,105	27,370	1,675	765	910
Worked	77,970	39,710	38,260	5,085	2,615	2,470
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	38,410	20,410	18,005	2,595	1,425	1,175
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	39,560	19,300	20,255	2,490	1,190	1,295
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	40.5	41.4	43.9	44.0	43.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	73,130	37,385	35,745	4,965	2,530	2,435
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	765	595	60	30	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	71,770	36,620	35,155	4,905	2,500	2,410
Employee	64,550	32,035	32,520	4,465	2,255	2,215
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,215	4,585	2,635	440	245	190
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	73,130	37,380	35,745	4,965	2,530	2,440
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,355	765	595	60	30	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	71,770	36,620	35,150	4,905	2,500	2,405
0 Management occupations	6,575	3,930	2,645	380	215	165
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,410	2,250	7,155	695	205	490
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,840	2,235	600	270	185	90
3 Health occupations	5,925	775	5,150	350	50	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,265	2,535	5,720	550	115	430
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,465	550	920	100	35	70
6 Sales and service occupations	16,800	6,240	10,560	1,145	475	670
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,815	12,180	630	905	845	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,705	3,130	575	70	60	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,970	2,775	1,190	445	310	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	73,125	37,380	35,745	4,965	2,525	2,440
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	765	595	60	25	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	71,765	36,620	35,155	4,905	2,500	2,405
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,210	3,315	900	75	45	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	885	820	65	10	10	0
22 Utilities	350	285	60	25	15	10
23 Construction	5,840	5,280	560	455	415	40
31-33 Manufacturing	7,085	5,070	2,020	925	620	305
41 Wholesale trade	2,155	1,555	600	195	150	45
44-45 Retail trade	10,540	4,705	5,835	635	290	345
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,990	2,345	645	195	145	55
51 Information and cultural industries	855	455	395	45	35	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,320	440	880	150	40	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	735	440	295	55	40	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,305	1,070	1,240	255	95	155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	345	165	180	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,510	1,565	950	150	105	50
61 Educational services	5,570	1,860	3,710	325	90	240
62 Health care and social assistance	10,365	1,380	8,980	685	100	585
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,285	525	760	60	25	35
72 Accommodation and food services	5,080	1,570	3,510	260	80	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,920	1,455	1,470	230	110	120
91 Public administration	4,420	2,325	2,100	185	105	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	64,820	32,120	32,700	4,730	2,390	2,340
Worked at home	4,385	2,260	2,130	245	115	125
Worked outside Canada	200	135	60	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	8,060	6,140	1,920	450	360	85
Worked at usual place	52,180	23,585	28,595	4,030	1,910	2,120
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	52,180	23,585	28,595	4,025	1,905	2,120
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,785	8,550	10,230	985	430	555
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25,535	10,615	14,915	435	200	240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,525	3,565	2,960	2,605	1,275	1,325
Commute to a different province or territory	1,335	845	485	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	60,240	29,725	30,515	4,475	2,265	2,210
Car, truck, van - as a driver	51,635	25,710	25,925	3,795	1,955	1,840
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,395	1,910	2,480	175	70	100
Public transit	370	250	125	175	85	90
Walked	2,895	1,265	1,635	250	120	130
Bicycle	140	105	35	60	25	35
Other method	800	490	310	25	10	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	60,240	29,720	30,515	4,480	2,270	2,205
Less than 15 minutes	27,820	12,410	15,410	1,300	585	715
15 to 29 minutes	19,335	9,300	10,035	1,090	555	540
30 to 44 minutes	6,620	3,775	2,850	1,170	625	545
45 to 59 minutes	2,835	1,665	1,170	460	265	200
60 minutes and over	3,630	2,580	1,050	450	245	215
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	60,240	29,725	30,515	4,475	2,270	2,210
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,660	3,320	1,335	495	360	135
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,135	6,190	4,945	990	605	385
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,545	9,315	9,230	1,220	505	710
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,995	4,265	7,735	660	200	460
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,465	1,460	3,010	255	95	165
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,435	5,175	4,260	855	500	355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80,225	40,745	39,485	5,170	2,660	2,515
Single responses	79,975	40,625	39,350	5,020	2,550	2,470
Official languages	79,895	40,570	39,325	4,995	2,525	2,470
English	79,620	40,525	39,100	125	60	65
French	275	50	230	4,870	2,460	2,405
Non-official languages	80	55	30	25	25	0
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	50	10	25	25	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	30	10	25	25	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	25	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	25	25	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	30	25	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	120	135	155	110	40
English and French	130	65	65	135	90	45
English and non-official language	120	55	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	80,230	40,740	39,485	5,170	2,655	2,515
None	78,775	40,100	38,670	3,795	1,905	1,885
English	210	60	150	1,265	695	570
French	875	440	435	100	60	45
Non-official language	335	120	210	10	0	0
Aboriginal	140	45	90	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	195	75	120	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	147,235	71,345	75,885	8,440	4,220	4,220
Non-movers	131,415	63,885	67,530	7,415	3,725	3,685
Movers	15,820	7,465	8,355	1,025	490	535
Non-migrants	8,495	4,040	4,455	445	205	235
Migrants	7,320	3,425	3,900	580	285	300
Internal migrants	6,825	3,170	3,655	555	260	295
Intraprovincial migrants	4,755	2,150	2,610	555	260	290
Interprovincial migrants	2,065	1,015	1,050	0	0	0
External migrants	500	255	240	25	20	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	141,780	68,720	73,060	7,910	3,925	3,985
Non-movers	99,830	49,055	50,775	4,575	2,260	2,320
Movers	41,955	19,665	22,285	3,335	1,665	1,670
Non-migrants	21,835	10,340	11,495	1,155	580	580
Migrants	20,115	9,325	10,795	2,180	1,085	1,095
Internal migrants	18,755	8,645	10,115	2,130	1,055	1,080
Intraprovincial migrants	12,865	5,845	7,025	2,130	1,050	1,080
Interprovincial migrants	5,895	2,805	3,090	10	0	10
External migrants	1,360	675	680	40	35	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia and Marieville [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia and Marieville [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia and Marieville [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia and Marieville [Population centre], Quebec