Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia and New Norway, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Southern Nova Scotia [Economic region]			New Norway, VL Alberta [Dissolved census subdivision]
	Data quality , Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia Map : Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : New Norway, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	113,185	...	...	320	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	116,080	...	...	283	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.5	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	63,290	...	...	136	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,422	...	...	126	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.1	...	...	287.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,417.79	...	...	1.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	113,185	55,065	58,115	315	160	155
0 to 14 years	14,175	7,290	6,885	65	30	30
0 to 4 years	4,225	2,160	2,065	15	10	10
5 to 9 years	4,850	2,485	2,365	25	10	15
10 to 14 years	5,095	2,640	2,455	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	70,250	34,475	35,775	210	105	105
15 to 19 years	5,835	2,995	2,840	15	10	10
20 to 24 years	4,895	2,535	2,365	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	4,720	2,360	2,360	25	10	10
30 to 34 years	4,895	2,360	2,530	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	5,430	2,555	2,875	15	10	5
40 to 44 years	6,590	3,175	3,410	20	15	10
45 to 49 years	7,725	3,790	3,940	15	5	10
50 to 54 years	9,765	4,800	4,970	25	10	15
55 to 59 years	10,445	5,060	5,380	25	15	10
60 to 64 years	9,950	4,850	5,100	25	15	10
65 years and over	28,765	13,305	15,460	45	25	20
65 to 69 years	9,760	4,755	5,000	15	10	10
70 to 74 years	7,090	3,495	3,590	5	5	5
75 to 79 years	4,925	2,330	2,600	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	3,395	1,480	1,910	0	0	0
85 years and over	3,595	1,240	2,355	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	2,150	810	1,340	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,055	350	705	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	325	80	245	0	0	0
100 years and over	70	10	60	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5	13.2	11.8	20.6	18.8	19.4
15 to 64 years	62.1	62.6	61.6	66.7	65.6	67.7
65 years and over	25.4	24.2	26.6	14.3	15.6	12.9
85 years and over	3.2	2.3	4.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	47.3	46.4	48.2	39.1	39.9	38.4
Median age of the population	51.3	50.5	52.0	38.7	40.2	38.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
Single-detached house	43,040	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	80	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,330	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,055	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	575	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	705	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,890	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,975	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,420	...	...	130	...	...
1 person	15,160	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	22,305	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	7,125	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	4,860	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,965	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	111,205	...	...	320	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	99,010	47,780	51,235	255	135	125
Married or living common law	61,405	30,720	30,680	170	85	85
Married	50,030	25,025	25,000	140	70	70
Living common law	11,375	5,695	5,680	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law	37,605	17,055	20,550	85	45	40
Never married	20,480	11,345	9,140	60	40	20
Separated	2,895	1,305	1,585	5	5	0
Divorced	6,185	2,760	3,425	10	5	10
Widowed	8,045	1,645	6,400	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	35,455	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	22,755	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	6,845	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	4,385	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,475	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	35,450	...	...	100	...	...
Total couple families	30,335	...	...	85	...	...
Married couples	24,650	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	5,685	...	...	15	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,120	...	...	20	...	...
Female parent	4,040	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,080	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,335	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	19,465	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	10,870	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	5,470	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	4,040	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	1,365	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,120	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	3,290	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,375	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,840	9,050	10,790	35	25	15
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
One-census-family households	34,365	...	...	95	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	19,005	...	...	40	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,355	...	...	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	540	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,525	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	15,165	...	...	25	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,360	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	111,645	54,530	57,115	320	160	155
English only	93,330	46,080	47,255	310	160	155
French only	165	80	90	0	0	0
English and French	18,065	8,330	9,735	10	0	5
Neither English nor French	90	45	45	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	111,645	54,530	57,115	315	165	155
English	100,990	49,360	51,625	315	160	155
French	10,375	5,030	5,345	0	5	0
English and French	200	95	105	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	75	40	40	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10,480	5,080	5,400	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	9.4	9.3	9.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	111,645	54,530	57,115	320	165	155
Single responses	110,760	54,115	56,645	315	165	155
Official languages	109,070	53,285	55,790	285	150	140
English	98,520	48,180	50,340	285	145	140
French	10,555	5,105	5,445	0	5	0
Non-official languages	1,685	830	855	25	15	15
Aboriginal languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,655	820	840	30	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	80	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	135	80	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	75	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	10	35	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,125	575	545	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	715	380	335	15	10	5
Afrikaans	20	5	10	5	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	5	0	5
Dutch	125	65	60	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	530	280	250	15	5	5
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	50	35	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	5	0	5
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	75	95	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	10	25	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	85	35	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	10	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	15	35	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	890	415	475	0	5	0
English and French	680	320	360	0	0	5
English and non-official language	180	85	100	0	5	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	111,645	54,530	57,115	320	160	155
Single responses	110,815	54,135	56,675	310	160	150
Official languages	110,235	53,845	56,390	305	155	145
English	103,060	50,435	52,625	305	160	145
French	7,175	3,410	3,760	0	0	0
Non-official languages	580	290	285	10	10	5
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	580	290	285	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	320	165	155	5	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	220	110	110	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	190	95	95	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	835	395	440	5	0	5
English and French	490	220	265	0	0	5
English and non-official language	310	155	160	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	111,650	54,535	57,115	320	165	155
None	104,355	51,090	53,260	300	155	145
English	3,380	1,615	1,765	0	0	0
French	3,175	1,475	1,700	0	0	5
Non-official language	690	320	370	15	10	5
Aboriginal	35	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	660	310	355	15	10	5
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	97,050	47,050	50,000	255	130	125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,785	45,695	48,095	245	130	115
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,773	35,007	22,709	39,040	47,744	30,976
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,830	45,695	48,135	245	125	120
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,447	31,196	21,454	35,712	41,216	29,248
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,455	40,120	39,335	220	120	100
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,216	31,829	19,854	37,760	47,808	30,144
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,490	34,705	39,780	155	70	85
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,061	10,366	8,165	7,376	8,208	7,312
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,830	32,160	29,670	200	110	85
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,541	31,348	21,065	39,040	49,024	28,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	97,050	47,015	50,030	245	120	125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,740	45,690	48,050	230	110	115
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,058	45,163	29,350	42,679	42,015	43,330
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,800	45,690	48,105	230	115	115
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,106	37,006	25,501	36,326	35,103	37,526
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,365	40,110	39,260	210	105	105
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,780	42,455	26,939	41,824	40,854	42,788
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,640	34,815	39,825	130	50	80
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,558	10,364	8,853	7,577	9,181	6,495
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,830	32,235	29,590	185	95	90
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,535	41,426	27,029	42,344	42,779	41,894
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	97,045	47,020	50,030	240	120	125
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,030	13,430	11,605	65	25	35
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,362	45,721	37,189	65,549	0	58,158
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,578	55,600	42,611	72,938	82,806	64,681
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.4	82.6	74.9	91.2	89.1	84.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.5	64.6	57.0	80.4	86.2	63.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.6	17.4	25.1	11.7	8.6	16.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	97,050	47,050	50,000	255	130	125
Without total income	3,260	1,355	1,905	10	5	5
With total income	93,785	45,695	48,095	245	125	120
Percentage with total income	96.6	97.1	96.2	96.1	96.2	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,145	4,955	8,190	30	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	20,170	7,480	12,690	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	16,785	7,145	9,640	30	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	12,890	6,340	6,550	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	9,430	5,315	4,115	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	6,455	4,100	2,355	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,410	2,990	1,415	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,245	2,160	1,085	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,290	1,400	890	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	925	410	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	3,640	2,885	755	20	15	5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,555	2,005	555	15	10	0
$150,000 and over	1,080	885	200	0	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	97,050	47,050	50,000	255	130	120
Without after-tax income	3,215	1,350	1,865	15	5	10
With after-tax income	93,830	45,695	48,135	245	125	115
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	97.1	96.3	96.1	96.2	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,715	5,080	8,635	30	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	21,435	7,995	13,445	35	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	19,780	8,795	10,985	45	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	14,930	7,905	7,025	35	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	9,585	5,970	3,615	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,810	3,910	1,900	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,655	2,300	1,360	20	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,860	1,320	540	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	3,065	2,425	635	20	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	825	215	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	595	465	130	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	1,425	1,135	290	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	97,050	47,045	50,000	255	130	120
Without employment income	35,220	14,890	20,330	60	20	35
With employment income	61,830	32,160	29,670	200	110	85
Percentage with employment income	63.7	68.4	59.3	78.4	84.6	70.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,615	4,670	4,945	30	15	15
$5,000 to $9,999	5,770	2,385	3,380	15	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	10,260	4,360	5,905	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	9,155	4,150	5,000	20	10	10
$30,000 to $39,999	7,450	3,730	3,720	15	5	5
$40,000 to $49,999	5,430	3,125	2,300	20	5	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,130	2,730	1,400	10	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,800	1,930	870	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,210	1,370	835	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	5,020	3,705	1,310	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,710	1,010	695	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	965	710	260	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,350	1,990	360	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,425	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,051	...	...	78,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,480	...	...	66,048	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,160	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,558	...	...	41,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,146	...	...	38,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	36,260	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,201	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,047	...	...	78,251	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,420	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,557	...	...	79,581	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,740	...	...	67,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,165	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,276	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,245	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	36,260	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,222	...	...	95,984	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,403	...	...	81,427	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
Under $5,000	635	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	975	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,520	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,340	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,140	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,030	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,500	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,955	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,745	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,465	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,525	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,070	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,965	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,365	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,665	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,155	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,350	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,995	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,155	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,425	...	...	130	...	...
Under $5,000	690	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	980	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,555	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,525	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,530	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,455	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,980	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,370	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,170	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,930	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,530	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,590	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,635	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,745	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,075	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,670	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,060	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,385	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,220	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	35,240	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,046	...	...	94,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,898	...	...	78,251	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	18,635	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	79,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,566	...	...	63,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,065	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,488	...	...	106,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,784	...	...	92,075	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,775	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,667	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,699	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	35,255	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,122	...	...	96,166	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,262	...	...	81,284	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	18,625	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,762	...	...	90,273	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,558	...	...	76,997	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,070	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,803	...	...	103,669	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,288	...	...	89,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,795	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,388	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,185	8,410	9,775	25	15	10
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,090	28,788	23,216	39,552	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,703	25,969	22,353	35,328	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,075	8,325	9,750	40	20	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,919	39,760	32,640	36,641	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,228	32,240	28,510	32,400	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	111,205	54,330	56,875	320	165	155
In the bottom half of the distribution	72,270	34,285	37,980	140	70	70
In the bottom decile	12,330	5,660	6,670	20	15	10
In the second decile	18,445	8,240	10,205	30	15	15
In the third decile	14,625	7,050	7,575	15	10	10
In the fourth decile	13,875	6,835	7,045	35	25	15
In the fifth decile	12,985	6,510	6,480	30	15	15
In the top half of the distribution	38,940	20,040	18,895	175	90	85
In the sixth decile	11,150	5,650	5,500	45	20	25
In the seventh decile	9,805	5,035	4,770	35	15	20
In the eighth decile	7,715	3,985	3,730	35	25	20
In the ninth decile	6,055	3,130	2,920	30	15	15
In the top decile	4,210	2,235	1,980	20	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	110,745	54,095	56,650	320	160	155
0 to 17 years	17,545	9,000	8,545	75	35	35
0 to 5 years	5,050	2,590	2,465	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	65,960	32,255	33,705	200	105	95
65 years and over	27,240	12,840	14,400	45	25	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	22,295	9,965	12,330	35	15	20
0 to 17 years	4,420	2,270	2,145	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	1,520	780	745	0	0	5
18 to 64 years	11,295	5,065	6,230	20	15	5
65 years and over	6,580	2,625	3,955	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.1	18.4	21.8	10.9	9.4	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	25.2	25.2	25.1	20.0	14.3	28.6
0 to 5 years (%)	30.1	30.1	30.2	0.0	0.0	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.1	15.7	18.5	10.0	14.3	5.3
65 years and over (%)	24.2	20.4	27.5	11.1	0.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,580	3,145	3,430	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	1,415	745	670	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	460	240	220	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,725	2,210	2,520	10	5	5
65 years and over	435	190	245	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.9	5.8	6.1	4.7	6.3	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.3	7.8	6.7	14.3	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	9.3	8.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	6.9	7.5	5.0	4.8	5.3
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	111,205	54,365	56,845	275	135	140
Official languages	111,135	54,305	56,830	270	135	140
English	110,970	54,220	56,750	275	130	140
French	18,195	8,310	9,880	10	10	10
Non-official languages	2,900	1,385	1,515	40	15	25
Aboriginal languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,855	1,355	1,495	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	95	75	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	90	75	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	75	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	15	65	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	30	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,055	1,020	1,040	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	95	95	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	95	95	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Russian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,005	495	510	10	0	10
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	10	10	0	10
Dutch	175	55	115	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	745	405	345	10	0	0
Icelandic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	155	85	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	115	65	55	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	25	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	720	360	360	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	50	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	30	20	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	570	270	295	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	40	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	160	50	110	15	10	10
American Sign Language	25	0	25	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	135	55	85	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	135	55	80	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	111,205	54,360	56,845	275	135	140
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	109,210	53,410	55,795	265	130	135
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,440	8,965	8,480	45	30	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	91,760	44,445	47,315	220	105	115
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,000	950	1,050	10	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	111,210	54,365	56,845	275	135	140
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	106,110	51,925	54,180	245	125	120
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,860	2,290	2,570	30	15	15
Before 1981	2,370	1,125	1,250	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	485	220	265	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	430	175	255	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,015	495	525	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	365	160	205	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	655	330	320	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	555	280	280	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	235	145	90	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,860	2,290	2,570	30	15	15
Under 5 years	680	325	355	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	820	370	445	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	875	350	525	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,790	875	920	10	0	10
45 years and over	695	370	330	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,860	2,290	2,570	30	15	15
Americas	1,640	675	965	10	0	0
Brazil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	25	10	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	15	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,420	595	825	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	35	40	10	0	0
Europe	2,520	1,300	1,220	15	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	80	50	35	0	0	0
Germany	420	225	195	0	0	0
Greece	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	40	15	0	0	0
Italy	30	20	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	160	65	95	0	0	0
Poland	30	20	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	10	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	10	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,455	740	710	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	180	105	75	0	0	10
Africa	90	40	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	510	220	290	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	20	75	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	70	45	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	30	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	50	0	50	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	15	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	100	55	50	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	555	280	280	0	0	0
Americas	110	55	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	240	135	110	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	140	75	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	165	70	95	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	111,205	54,360	56,845	275	135	140
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,460	2,630	2,830	30	15	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,985	3,040	2,940	15	10	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	99,760	48,690	51,075	225	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,525	1,185	1,335	20	15	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,430	715	710	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	635	410	220	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	795	305	485	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	975	400	575	20	15	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	110	65	45	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	111,205	54,360	56,845	275	135	140
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,510	5,390	5,120	10	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,255	5,280	4,975	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,480	1,255	1,225	10	0	10
Métis	7,730	4,005	3,730	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	175	80	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	25	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	100,700	48,975	51,720	260	125	135
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	111,205	54,365	56,845	275	135	140
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,890	1,000	890	10	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	109,315	53,365	55,955	265	130	135
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	111,210	54,360	56,845	275	140	140
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,945	1,010	930	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,885	980	905	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	930	490	435	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	930	470	460	0	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	60	35	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	40	20	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	12,295	6,150	6,145	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	11,795	5,935	5,860	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,730	2,310	2,425	10	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,000	3,605	3,395	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	20	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	500	210	290	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	445	190	255	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	96,965	47,205	49,765	255	125	135
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	111,205	54,365	56,845	275	135	140
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,445	1,195	1,250	20	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	225	135	85	0	0	0
Chinese	265	120	145	0	0	0
Black	1,355	645	710	10	10	0
Filipino	70	10	60	10	0	10
Latin American	115	50	65	0	0	0
Arab	130	80	50	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	65	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	108,760	53,170	55,590	255	125	130
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	111,205	54,360	56,845	275	135	140
North American Aboriginal origins	14,240	7,160	7,085	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,180	3,020	3,160	10	0	10
Inuit	160	65	95	0	0	0
Métis	8,480	4,320	4,165	10	10	0
Other North American origins	61,670	30,050	31,620	65	40	25
Acadian	6,090	2,940	3,150	0	0	0
American	985	480	495	0	10	0
Canadian	56,815	27,680	29,135	65	40	25
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	85	50	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	100	50	45	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Québécois	65	35	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	70,725	34,385	36,340	225	105	120
British Isles origins	48,400	23,020	25,385	155	65	95
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	29,360	13,825	15,535	110	40	70
Irish	15,475	7,075	8,400	30	15	15
Manx	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	18,815	8,795	10,020	80	35	45
Welsh	1,545	770	775	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,540	770	770	0	0	0
French origins	20,995	10,010	10,990	20	15	10
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,990	9,995	10,990	20	15	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	23,625	11,515	12,110	80	35	40
Austrian	165	55	115	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	160	70	90	0	0	0
Dutch	4,875	2,255	2,620	15	0	10
Flemish	50	10	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20,505	10,080	10,425	65	25	35
Luxembourger	15	15	0	0	0	0
Swiss	500	215	285	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,365	700	660	95	35	65
Danish	255	120	135	20	0	15
Finnish	70	40	25	0	10	0
Icelandic	150	60	85	0	0	0
Norwegian	590	325	265	55	25	35
Swedish	245	120	125	20	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	55	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,725	750	975	40	15	25
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	195	75	120	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	665	270	395	15	10	0
Romanian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Russian	365	165	200	0	0	10
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	455	200	255	35	15	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,750	855	900	15	15	0
Albanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	250	140	110	0	0	0
Italian	805	380	425	10	10	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	300	165	140	10	10	0
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	300	130	175	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	20	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	595	320	275	0	0	0
Basque	25	0	20	0	0	0
Jewish	195	130	65	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	365	170	195	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	300	165	135	10	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	160	85	75	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	230	115	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	110	70	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,090	540	555	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	35	15	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	75	45	35	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	45	25	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	50	40	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	920	435	480	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	215	95	120	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	710	340	370	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,505	770	740	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	600	315	280	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	400	215	185	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	275	165	110	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	200	115	85	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	25	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	625	285	340	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	310	145	165	0	0	0
Filipino	130	35	95	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	50	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	135	75	50	0	0	0
Australian	80	50	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	55	30	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,420	...	...	120	...	...
Owner	40,735	...	...	95	...	...
Renter	10,505	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	185	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,425	...	...	120	...	...
Condominium	625	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	50,795	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,330	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,170	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,135	...	...	45	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,755	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,255	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	8,735	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	9,905	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	8,245	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,280	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,425	...	...	125	...	...
One person or fewer per room	51,320	...	...	120	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,420	...	...	120	...	...
Suitable	50,415	...	...	120	...	...
Not suitable	1,005	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,420	...	...	120	...	...
1960 or before	19,400	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,470	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,260	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,930	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,920	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,965	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,470	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,420	...	...	120	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	45,790	...	...	110	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,635	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,420	...	...	125	...	...
1 household maintainer	32,355	...	...	90	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,535	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	535	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,425	...	...	120	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,205	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,440	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,550	...	...	10	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,610	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,590	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,185	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,750	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	2,080	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	50,895	...	...	120	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	42,035	...	...	100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,855	...	...	20	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,895	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40,440	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.3	...	...	50.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	584	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	744	...	...	852	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,138	...	...	170,914	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	190,616	...	...	187,483	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,505	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	691	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	721	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	97,045	47,020	50,035	245	120	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	27,360	14,800	12,560	50	35	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,415	10,610	11,805	70	30	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,275	21,605	25,670	125	60	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,040	7,285	3,755	45	40	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,430	3,555	2,875	10	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,610	3,730	880	35	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,745	8,305	13,445	40	0	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,280	765	1,515	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,205	5,245	6,955	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	8,210	3,380	4,825	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	795	385	415	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	415	245	170	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,430	1,040	1,390	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	355	195	160	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,105	28,555	30,555	170	85	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,775	7,200	4,575	20	15	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,755	6,640	7,115	60	25	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,575	14,720	18,860	80	45	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,255	4,755	2,495	40	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,315	2,385	1,930	10	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,935	2,370	565	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,485	6,285	10,200	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,235	335	900	0	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,610	3,340	5,265	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree	5,900	2,295	3,605	10	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	470	180	290	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	285	130	150	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,780	660	1,120	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	180	80	105	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	97,045	47,015	50,030	240	120	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	49,775	25,410	24,365	120	60	60
Education	3,705	1,080	2,625	10	0	10
13. Education	3,700	1,080	2,620	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,005	460	540	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	135	50	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	820	325	495	0	0	0
Humanities	1,670	750	920	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	35	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	370	80	290	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	400	150	250	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	90	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	330	235	95	0	0	0
54. History	285	140	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	20	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,980	885	2,095	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	95	115	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	905	60	845	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	435	160	280	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	15	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	555	150	400	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	815	405	410	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,665	2,245	8,420	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	635	120	515	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,015	2,130	7,885	0	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,030	600	430	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	505	270	230	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	180	105	75	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	270	205	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	10	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,350	670	675	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,100	590	515	0	0	0
25. Library science	160	20	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	65	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,290	10,790	500	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	775	700	80	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,885	1,670	215	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,110	3,055	55	10	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,945	3,845	95	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,520	1,495	25	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	590	295	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	410	225	185	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	475	370	105	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,015	1,010	7,005	30	10	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	135	185	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,605	810	6,800	25	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	60	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,675	2,525	2,150	10	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	2,510	555	1,955	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	50	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	445	345	105	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,645	1,560	80	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,105	28,555	30,550	165	80	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,525	13,840	11,690	85	35	45
Education	2,275	585	1,695	15	0	10
13. Education	2,275	585	1,690	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	615	285	330	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	90	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	485	195	285	0	10	0
Humanities	1,065	440	625	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	215	35	180	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	80	170	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	65	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	205	130	70	0	0	0
54. History	200	90	110	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	20	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,330	580	1,750	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	65	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	770	45	725	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	340	85	250	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	15	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	435	110	325	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	590	265	325	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,505	1,450	6,055	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	70	415	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,005	1,380	5,625	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	655	370	285	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	335	185	150	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	55	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	125	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,140	540	600	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	980	505	480	0	0	0
25. Library science	105	0	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,085	7,630	455	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	455	380	75	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,335	1,140	195	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,380	2,325	50	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,875	2,780	95	15	15	0
48. Precision production	1,010	985	25	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	685	430	255	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	160	155	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	370	275	95	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,870	665	5,210	20	10	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	235	100	135	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,595	535	5,055	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	30	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,345	1,740	1,600	0	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,885	420	1,465	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	295	215	80	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,140	1,085	55	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	97,050	47,015	50,035	245	120	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,775	25,415	24,365	115	60	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,275	21,605	25,670	125	60	65
Location of study inside Canada	44,530	20,125	24,405	120	60	60
Same as province or territory of residence	36,690	16,065	20,615	100	45	55
Different than province or territory of residence	7,845	4,060	3,785	15	15	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,740	1,475	1,260	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,125	590	535	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	35	0	0	0
India	70	45	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	705	405	305	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other	740	400	340	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,105	28,555	30,550	165	85	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,530	13,840	11,690	85	35	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,580	14,715	18,865	85	50	35
Location of study inside Canada	31,960	13,890	18,065	80	45	35
Same as province or territory of residence	27,080	11,470	15,610	65	35	30
Different than province or territory of residence	4,875	2,425	2,450	20	15	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,620	825	795	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	545	285	260	0	0	0
Philippines	50	15	35	0	0	0
India	50	35	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	420	215	205	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	525	260	260	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	97,050	47,015	50,035	240	120	125
In the labour force	54,775	28,405	26,365	170	75	95
Employed	48,955	25,110	23,855	155	65	85
Unemployed	5,815	3,300	2,515	20	0	0
Not in the labour force	42,275	18,615	23,665	75	45	30
Participation rate	56.4	60.4	52.7	70.8	62.5	76.0
Employment rate	50.4	53.4	47.7	64.6	54.2	68.0
Unemployment rate	10.6	11.6	9.5	11.8	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	97,050	47,015	50,030	245	120	120
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	38,015	16,285	21,730	60	30	30
Worked	59,035	30,730	28,300	180	90	90
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,910	13,945	11,965	65	30	35
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,130	16,790	16,340	120	65	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	39.5	40.8	37.8	34.0	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,775	28,405	26,370	165	70	95
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	935	435	495	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,840	27,965	25,875	165	70	95
Employee	47,260	23,670	23,580	155	65	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,585	4,290	2,295	10	10	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,775	28,405	26,370	170	70	95
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	930	440	495	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	53,835	27,965	25,875	165	70	95
0 Management occupations	4,490	2,530	1,965	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,430	1,360	5,070	35	0	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,900	1,515	380	0	0	10
3 Health occupations	4,090	540	3,555	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,025	1,385	3,640	25	10	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,130	480	655	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,120	3,960	8,160	40	15	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,980	7,525	455	30	25	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,955	5,435	520	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,725	3,245	1,480	0	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,775	28,400	26,365	170	70	95
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	935	440	495	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	53,840	27,965	25,875	170	70	95
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,070	5,270	795	10	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	235	230	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	205	160	45	10	10	10
23 Construction	3,645	3,310	335	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,430	5,280	2,150	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,290	930	355	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,060	2,920	4,140	20	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,545	1,120	430	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	705	390	315	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,100	310	790	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	525	265	255	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,950	950	995	10	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,090	1,110	975	0	0	10
61 Educational services	3,315	1,045	2,270	15	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	7,375	940	6,430	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	905	430	475	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,565	940	2,620	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,300	1,050	1,255	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,540	1,315	1,230	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	48,960	25,110	23,850	155	65	90
Worked at home	3,395	1,610	1,785	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	150	110	45	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,800	6,420	1,375	40	20	20
Worked at usual place	37,615	16,970	20,645	115	50	65
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,615	16,970	20,645	115	55	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	17,855	8,085	9,775	10	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	14,380	5,930	8,450	70	30	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,085	2,730	2,350	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	295	225	75	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,410	23,385	22,025	150	65	85
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,200	20,060	19,140	135	65	75
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,295	1,780	1,515	0	0	0
Public transit	265	155	110	0	0	0
Walked	1,905	875	1,030	15	10	10
Bicycle	85	60	25	0	0	0
Other method	660	460	195	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,415	23,390	22,020	150	65	85
Less than 15 minutes	20,245	9,950	10,290	25	10	15
15 to 29 minutes	14,130	6,850	7,280	85	25	60
30 to 44 minutes	6,055	3,415	2,645	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,210	1,245	960	15	10	0
60 minutes and over	2,775	1,925	850	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,415	23,390	22,025	150	65	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,280	2,360	920	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,985	4,615	3,375	40	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,175	7,390	6,785	55	25	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,840	3,145	5,700	20	10	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,555	1,135	2,430	15	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,565	4,750	2,820	10	10	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,675	31,495	29,180	185	90	95
Single responses	59,960	31,170	28,790	185	90	95
Official languages	59,920	31,135	28,780	180	85	95
English	56,895	29,520	27,375	180	90	95
French	3,030	1,615	1,410	0	0	0
Non-official languages	40	35	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	35	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	715	320	395	0	0	0
English and French	660	300	360	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	20	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,675	31,490	29,180	185	90	95
None	55,495	28,980	26,515	180	90	90
English	2,140	1,180	960	0	0	0
French	2,850	1,265	1,585	0	0	10
Non-official language	180	65	110	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	65	110	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	110,335	53,890	56,445	275	135	140
Non-movers	99,615	48,720	50,890	255	135	115
Movers	10,725	5,170	5,555	20	0	20
Non-migrants	5,525	2,645	2,880	0	0	10
Migrants	5,200	2,520	2,675	15	0	10
Internal migrants	4,920	2,365	2,555	15	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	3,295	1,490	1,795	15	0	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,630	870	760	0	0	0
External migrants	280	160	120	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	106,925	52,150	54,770	260	130	130
Non-movers	79,170	39,065	40,110	170	90	80
Movers	27,745	13,080	14,665	95	40	50
Non-migrants	14,470	6,765	7,705	15	0	20
Migrants	13,280	6,315	6,965	75	40	35
Internal migrants	12,420	5,825	6,595	80	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	8,250	3,830	4,425	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	4,170	2,000	2,170	0	0	0
External migrants	860	490	375	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia and New Norway, VL [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia and New Norway, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia and New Norway, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southern [Economic region], Nova Scotia and New Norway, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Alberta