Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Miramichi--Grand Lake New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]			Sainte-Adèle, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Map : Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	57,405	...	...	12,919	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	59,343	...	...	12,137	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	28,248	...	...	7,602	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	24,937	...	...	6,283	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.4	...	...	106.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,867.04	...	...	120.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	57,405	28,190	29,220	12,920	6,215	6,705
0 to 14 years	7,765	3,985	3,780	1,655	815	835
0 to 4 years	2,325	1,160	1,165	540	260	280
5 to 9 years	2,665	1,360	1,310	550	275	275
10 to 14 years	2,770	1,460	1,305	565	290	280
15 to 64 years	36,470	17,940	18,530	8,025	3,875	4,155
15 to 19 years	3,195	1,635	1,565	540	260	285
20 to 24 years	2,785	1,470	1,320	540	270	270
25 to 29 years	2,420	1,250	1,175	515	255	260
30 to 34 years	2,540	1,195	1,345	605	315	290
35 to 39 years	2,900	1,430	1,475	680	315	365
40 to 44 years	3,655	1,770	1,880	665	320	345
45 to 49 years	4,025	1,960	2,070	800	390	415
50 to 54 years	4,885	2,360	2,525	1,095	520	580
55 to 59 years	5,060	2,490	2,570	1,310	615	695
60 to 64 years	5,000	2,390	2,610	1,280	620	660
65 years and over	13,175	6,265	6,915	3,240	1,525	1,715
65 to 69 years	4,630	2,330	2,300	1,160	575	585
70 to 74 years	3,155	1,620	1,535	860	410	450
75 to 79 years	2,375	1,115	1,255	530	255	270
80 to 84 years	1,585	715	870	380	185	200
85 years and over	1,435	480	950	315	100	210
85 to 89 years	915	345	570	220	75	145
90 to 94 years	400	105	295	70	20	50
95 to 99 years	100	25	80	20	5	15
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	14.1	12.9	12.8	13.1	12.5
15 to 64 years	63.5	63.6	63.4	62.1	62.3	62.0
65 years and over	23.0	22.2	23.7	25.1	24.5	25.6
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.3	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	45.8	45.0	46.5	47.4	46.9	47.9
Median age of the population	49.3	48.6	50.0	52.2	51.6	52.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	24,935	...	...	6,285	...	...
Single-detached house	20,660	...	...	3,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,810	...	...	2,585	...	...
Semi-detached house	575	...	...	300	...	...
Row house	160	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	275	...	...	750	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,745	...	...	1,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,455	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	24,940	...	...	6,280	...	...
1 person	7,045	...	...	2,415	...	...
2 persons	10,070	...	...	2,410	...	...
3 persons	3,850	...	...	720	...	...
4 persons	2,700	...	...	545	...	...
5 or more persons	1,275	...	...	195	...	...
Number of persons in private households	56,445	...	...	12,625	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	49,645	24,205	25,440	11,265	5,400	5,870
Married or living common law	28,815	14,410	14,405	6,325	3,180	3,150
Married	23,970	11,990	11,975	3,340	1,675	1,665
Living common law	4,845	2,415	2,425	2,985	1,505	1,485
Not married and not living common law	20,830	9,795	11,035	4,940	2,215	2,725
Never married	12,595	6,965	5,630	2,955	1,525	1,435
Separated	1,635	740	890	185	85	100
Divorced	2,660	1,250	1,405	1,135	470	665
Widowed	3,935	830	3,105	665	140	530
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	17,640	...	...	3,680	...	...
2 persons	10,580	...	...	2,355	...	...
3 persons	3,765	...	...	680	...	...
4 persons	2,440	...	...	500	...	...
5 or more persons	860	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	17,640	...	...	3,680	...	...
Total couple families	14,215	...	...	3,120	...	...
Married couples	11,795	...	...	1,630	...	...
Common-law couples	2,425	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,425	...	...	555	...	...
Female parent	2,755	...	...	405	...	...
Male parent	670	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	14,210	...	...	3,120	...	...
Couples without children	8,390	...	...	1,990	...	...
Couples with children	5,825	...	...	1,130	...	...
1 child	2,865	...	...	530	...	...
2 children	2,180	...	...	455	...	...
3 or more children	775	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,425	...	...	560	...	...
1 child	2,190	...	...	360	...	...
2 children	895	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	340	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,710	4,655	5,060	3,080	1,415	1,670
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	24,935	...	...	6,285	...	...
One-census-family households	16,750	...	...	3,615	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,080	...	...	1,955	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,670	...	...	1,655	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	440	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,750	...	...	2,635	...	...
One-person households	7,045	...	...	2,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	705	...	...	220	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	56,680	27,805	28,875	12,790	6,165	6,625
English only	39,065	19,415	19,655	155	80	70
French only	3,130	1,500	1,625	5,590	2,445	3,140
English and French	14,440	6,865	7,580	7,045	3,635	3,405
Neither English nor French	40	25	15	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	56,680	27,805	28,875	12,790	6,165	6,620
English	43,100	21,050	22,055	725	385	335
French	13,380	6,660	6,720	11,950	5,730	6,225
English and French	165	85	80	105	50	55
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	13,460	6,695	6,760	780	415	365
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	23.7	24.1	23.4	6.1	6.7	5.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	56,680	27,810	28,870	12,790	6,165	6,620
Single responses	56,080	27,510	28,575	12,645	6,085	6,560
Official languages	53,890	26,460	27,430	12,335	5,940	6,395
English	40,430	19,785	20,645	635	345	285
French	13,455	6,675	6,780	11,705	5,595	6,110
Non-official languages	2,190	1,050	1,145	310	145	160
Aboriginal languages	1,630	785	850	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,620	775	845	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	1,620	775	845	0	0	0
Malecite	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	1,615	775	840	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	565	265	300	310	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	30	15	20	10	10
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	10	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	30	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	350	165	185	235	110	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	35	10	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	45	15	25	40	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	10	15	10	5
Russian	10	0	5	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	80	90	45	20	25
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15	15	5	10
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	95	50	50	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	10	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	25	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	35	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	45	30	20
Portuguese	5	0	5	20	5	15
Romanian	0	0	5	15	10	5
Spanish	45	20	30	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	15	5	10
Chinese languages	30	15	15	15	5	10
Cantonese	15	10	5	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	595	295	300	145	80	65
English and French	495	245	250	115	65	50
English and non-official language	95	50	40	5	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	56,680	27,805	28,870	12,790	6,165	6,620
Single responses	56,045	27,510	28,535	12,565	6,055	6,510
Official languages	55,085	27,035	28,050	12,490	6,020	6,465
English	43,700	21,330	22,370	660	340	315
French	11,380	5,700	5,685	11,830	5,675	6,155
Non-official languages	960	480	485	75	35	45
Aboriginal languages	740	360	385	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	735	355	380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	740	360	380	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	735	360	380	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	115	105	75	35	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	65	60	55	25	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	20	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	5	5	0
Afrikaans	20	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	20	15	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	10	5	15	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	635	295	340	225	105	115
English and French	485	225	260	145	75	70
English and non-official language	140	65	75	10	5	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	56,680	27,805	28,870	12,790	6,165	6,625
None	50,630	24,945	25,685	11,310	5,430	5,880
English	3,260	1,590	1,680	1,020	515	505
French	1,855	825	1,030	270	130	140
Non-official language	915	445	470	120	55	65
Aboriginal	715	355	360	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	200	95	105	120	55	65
English and French	5	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	5	45	20	25
French and non-official language	15	5	5	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	48,695	23,730	24,965	10,970	5,300	5,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,555	22,720	23,830	10,705	5,200	5,500
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,484	33,265	22,637	31,240	36,167	27,447
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,565	22,720	23,840	10,710	5,200	5,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,389	30,062	21,582	28,024	31,584	25,147
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	37,760	19,295	18,460	9,525	4,705	4,820
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,001	27,297	19,527	27,239	32,549	22,549
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,150	17,905	20,245	8,585	4,030	4,560
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,571	12,400	9,019	8,571	8,251	8,888
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,590	15,940	14,650	7,250	3,675	3,575
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,412	26,868	20,972	25,040	27,925	22,773
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	48,760	23,785	24,975	10,980	5,310	5,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,610	22,755	23,855	10,690	5,175	5,515
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,497	40,773	28,510	40,993	46,655	35,678
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,615	22,755	23,865	10,685	5,175	5,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,757	34,432	25,299	33,855	37,507	30,425
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,795	19,300	18,500	9,525	4,675	4,850
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,930	37,390	26,235	37,877	44,232	31,752
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,165	17,785	20,380	8,535	4,020	4,515
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,508	11,598	9,557	9,050	8,606	9,445
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,630	15,920	14,715	7,330	3,690	3,640
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,259	36,892	27,246	34,704	39,260	30,084
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	48,760	23,785	24,975	10,980	5,315	5,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,390	5,525	5,865	2,740	1,370	1,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,129	49,391	39,370	45,288	49,614	40,537
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,868	54,821	43,261	52,266	58,996	45,533
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	74.8	77.3	71.4	81.8	85.4	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.5	63.4	58.9	58.6	60.5	56.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	25.2	22.7	28.6	18.1	14.5	22.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	48,695	23,735	24,965	10,975	5,300	5,675
Without total income	2,140	1,010	1,130	270	100	170
With total income	46,555	22,725	23,830	10,705	5,200	5,500
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.7	95.5	97.5	98.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,825	2,610	4,205	1,215	555	665
$10,000 to $19,999	10,015	3,755	6,260	2,160	855	1,305
$20,000 to $29,999	8,500	3,680	4,815	1,780	790	995
$30,000 to $39,999	6,785	3,655	3,130	1,435	655	780
$40,000 to $49,999	4,660	2,770	1,885	1,190	600	595
$50,000 to $59,999	3,295	1,990	1,305	830	435	390
$60,000 to $69,999	2,055	1,300	755	615	360	260
$70,000 to $79,999	1,460	870	590	455	280	175
$80,000 to $89,999	1,155	685	475	280	155	125
$90,000 to $99,999	545	365	180	170	115	55
$100,000 and over	1,265	1,045	225	565	405	160
$100,000 to $149,999	920	740	185	375	265	115
$150,000 and over	345	300	45	190	140	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,695	23,730	24,960	10,970	5,300	5,670
Without after-tax income	2,130	1,010	1,120	265	100	160
With after-tax income	46,565	22,720	23,845	10,705	5,195	5,505
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.7	95.5	97.6	98.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,960	2,640	4,320	1,330	585	745
$10,000 to $19,999	10,600	3,985	6,610	2,235	895	1,335
$20,000 to $29,999	10,190	4,710	5,480	2,150	975	1,180
$30,000 to $39,999	7,325	4,175	3,150	1,785	845	940
$40,000 to $49,999	4,930	2,950	1,980	1,220	650	570
$50,000 to $59,999	2,765	1,725	1,035	790	465	330
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	1,065	775	480	300	175
$70,000 to $79,999	805	535	270	265	170	95
$80,000 and over	1,160	940	220	450	320	130
$80,000 to $89,999	445	335	105	120	80	40
$90,000 to $99,999	235	190	45	85	65	25
$100,000 and over	485	415	70	240	180	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	48,695	23,730	24,965	10,970	5,300	5,670
Without employment income	18,105	7,790	10,315	3,725	1,625	2,100
With employment income	30,590	15,945	14,645	7,250	3,675	3,575
Percentage with employment income	62.8	67.2	58.7	66.1	69.3	63.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,955	1,890	2,070	1,245	645	605
$5,000 to $9,999	3,285	1,400	1,890	640	295	345
$10,000 to $19,999	6,235	3,115	3,125	1,245	560	680
$20,000 to $29,999	4,705	2,215	2,490	910	410	500
$30,000 to $39,999	3,190	1,715	1,475	830	400	430
$40,000 to $49,999	2,560	1,415	1,140	575	280	295
$50,000 to $59,999	1,985	1,175	815	470	240	235
$60,000 to $69,999	1,370	835	530	375	200	170
$70,000 to $79,999	1,115	605	515	315	185	130
$80,000 and over	2,180	1,580	605	640	460	185
$80,000 to $89,999	870	510	360	150	95	60
$90,000 to $99,999	390	265	125	140	95	40
$100,000 and over	920	805	115	350	270	85
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	24,935	...	...	6,280	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,611	...	...	54,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,585	...	...	47,310	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,045	...	...	2,415	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,405	...	...	29,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,475	...	...	26,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,895	...	...	3,870	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,802	...	...	74,391	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,983	...	...	64,047	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	24,995	...	...	6,280	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,321	...	...	69,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,493	...	...	57,576	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,035	...	...	2,430	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,790	...	...	39,492	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,853	...	...	33,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,965	...	...	3,855	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,057	...	...	88,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,315	...	...	72,958	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	24,940	...	...	6,280	...	...
Under $5,000	400	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	640	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	255	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,855	...	...	395	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,405	...	...	375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,600	...	...	320	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,595	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,360	...	...	335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,240	...	...	315	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,180	...	...	320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,315	...	...	565	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,980	...	...	465	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,720	...	...	425	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	...	...	340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,195	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,455	...	...	1,310	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,985	...	...	515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,095	...	...	320	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	965	...	...	285	...	...
$200,000 and over	415	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	24,940	...	...	6,280	...	...
Under $5,000	410	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	645	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,915	...	...	420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,580	...	...	440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,770	...	...	390	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,735	...	...	420	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,515	...	...	440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,520	...	...	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,450	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,655	...	...	630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,185	...	...	525	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,760	...	...	440	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,405	...	...	310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,020	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,760	...	...	795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,555	...	...	415	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	670	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	540	...	...	195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,475	...	...	3,700	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,380	...	...	74,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,665	...	...	64,336	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,890	...	...	1,930	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,371	...	...	71,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,944	...	...	61,038	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,960	...	...	1,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,090	...	...	98,901	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,603	...	...	83,200	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,100	...	...	550	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,599	...	...	48,213	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,049	...	...	44,672	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	17,520	...	...	3,665	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,602	...	...	88,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,899	...	...	73,202	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,965	...	...	1,865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,142	...	...	87,532	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,536	...	...	71,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,975	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,095	...	...	105,603	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,301	...	...	87,703	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,110	...	...	555	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,934	...	...	56,025	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,972	...	...	48,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,385	4,030	4,355	2,875	1,340	1,540
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,212	27,861	22,339	27,878	29,619	26,773
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,181	25,267	21,757	25,870	26,539	25,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,415	4,015	4,405	2,910	1,310	1,595
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,572	35,193	28,274	38,550	41,886	35,822
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,634	30,159	25,335	32,071	33,046	31,274
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	56,445	27,710	28,735	12,625	6,115	6,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,880	17,675	19,210	7,585	3,535	4,050
In the bottom decile	7,095	3,250	3,845	1,375	635	740
In the second decile	9,025	4,070	4,955	1,675	740	935
In the third decile	7,395	3,625	3,775	1,620	755	860
In the fourth decile	6,930	3,455	3,470	1,610	765	840
In the fifth decile	6,435	3,275	3,165	1,300	630	670
In the top half of the distribution	19,565	10,040	9,525	5,035	2,580	2,455
In the sixth decile	5,660	2,870	2,795	1,445	735	715
In the seventh decile	5,160	2,640	2,520	1,205	625	580
In the eighth decile	4,035	2,065	1,970	965	505	460
In the ninth decile	3,070	1,585	1,485	780	395	390
In the top decile	1,635	880	760	640	330	310
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	52,435	25,745	26,695	12,625	6,115	6,510
0 to 17 years	8,465	4,325	4,135	1,990	965	1,020
0 to 5 years	2,410	1,190	1,220	635	310	325
18 to 64 years	31,580	15,445	16,130	7,630	3,685	3,940
65 years and over	12,395	5,970	6,425	3,005	1,465	1,540
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,160	4,530	5,625	2,195	975	1,220
0 to 17 years	2,105	1,090	1,010	375	165	205
0 to 5 years	750	355	390	110	50	55
18 to 64 years	4,915	2,150	2,770	1,315	615	700
65 years and over	3,140	1,290	1,850	505	195	315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.4	17.6	21.1	17.4	15.9	18.7
0 to 17 years (%)	24.9	25.2	24.4	18.8	17.1	20.1
0 to 5 years (%)	31.1	29.8	32.0	17.3	16.1	16.9
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	13.9	17.2	17.2	16.7	17.8
65 years and over (%)	25.3	21.6	28.8	16.8	13.3	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,770	1,325	1,445	830	410	420
0 to 17 years	630	330	300	100	45	60
0 to 5 years	220	110	115	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	1,990	935	1,055	670	340	330
65 years and over	155	65	90	55	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.1	5.4	6.6	6.7	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.6	7.3	5.0	4.7	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	9.2	9.4	3.1	3.2	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.1	6.5	8.8	9.2	8.4
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.8	1.7	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,515
Official languages	56,595	27,820	28,775	12,630	6,120	6,510
English	53,395	26,255	27,145	7,245	3,805	3,440
French	17,565	8,415	9,150	12,505	6,045	6,460
Non-official languages	2,655	1,275	1,375	965	420	545
Aboriginal languages	1,820	880	940	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,805	875	925	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	1,795	875	925	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	1,795	875	920	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	850	405	445	970	420	550
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	45	25	25
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	40	50	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	40	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	615	280	335	840	360	480
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	20	40	50	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	20	35	55	15	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	15	0	15
Russian	15	10	10	20	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	135	140	145	55	85
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	15	25	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	210	110	105	125	40	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	10	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	100	130	680	300	380
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	180	95	85
Portuguese	10	0	10	20	0	15
Romanian	10	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	205	90	110	495	215	280
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	10	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	30	10	10	10	10
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	35	20	25	10	10
Chinese languages	55	35	15	25	15	10
Cantonese	15	10	10	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	30	10	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	56,180	27,625	28,555	12,375	6,010	6,370
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,795	5,045	4,750	1,985	980	1,005
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	46,385	22,575	23,800	10,390	5,025	5,360
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	435	210	225	265	115	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	56,610	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	55,465	27,295	28,175	11,820	5,720	6,105
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,060	495	570	790	395	395
Before 1981	545	250	290	285	170	110
1981 to 1990	120	55	65	90	25	60
1991 to 2000	95	50	45	115	65	50
2001 to 2010	175	85	85	210	100	110
2001 to 2005	55	25	30	130	60	70
2006 to 2010	115	60	55	80	40	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	130	50	80	95	30	65
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	85	45	40	30	15	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,060	495	570	790	395	395
Under 5 years	165	70	95	85	35	50
5 to 14 years	235	110	125	140	70	65
15 to 24 years	140	55	85	195	110	90
25 to 44 years	350	190	160	295	140	160
45 years and over	165	70	95	65	35	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,060	490	565	790	395	395
Americas	375	165	210	65	25	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	330	145	190	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	0	10	10
Europe	470	220	255	555	285	275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	30	10	15	335	175	160
Germany	100	55	45	45	0	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	20	10
Netherlands	35	10	25	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10	0	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	20	15	10
Russian Federation	0	10	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	210	90	115	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	25	70	40	30
Africa	50	35	15	70	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	20	15	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	10	35	15	15
Asia	150	60	85	75	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	70	25	45	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	0	25	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	135	50	80	90	30	60
Americas	45	25	20	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	20	80	30	50
France	15	0	20	45	20	30
Germany	0	0	0	30	0	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	60	20	45	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	20	40	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	56,610	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,510
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,425	680	750	860	430	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,150	1,030	1,115	715	405	305
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	53,035	26,130	26,910	11,065	5,285	5,780
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	520	245	275	520	230	290
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	215	100	115	295	140	155
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	115	70	40	125	60	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	105	25	80	170	75	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	250	130	120	200	75	125
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	35	10	30	25	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,935	3,045	2,885	165	75	90
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,805	2,990	2,815	155	70	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,650	2,330	2,320	70	35	35
Métis	1,110	630	485	85	35	50
Inuk (Inuit)	45	35	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	35	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	25	20	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	50,675	24,785	25,895	12,480	6,055	6,425
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,120	6,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,440	2,235	2,205	50	20	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	52,170	25,600	26,575	12,590	6,100	6,490
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,125	6,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,975	1,980	1,995	130	50	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,925	1,945	1,980	120	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	3,770	1,875	1,900	115	50	65
Métis single ancestry	130	70	70	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	35	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	40	30	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,110	1,585	1,530	470	190	280
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,940	1,490	1,450	455	185	270
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,080	1,075	1,005	400	150	250
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	820	390	435	55	35	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	175	95	80	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	95	70	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	49,525	24,275	25,255	12,040	5,885	6,155
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,635	6,125	6,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	505	260	250	225	90	130
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	65	35	35	25	10	15
Chinese	65	40	25	65	25	45
Black	185	95	90	50	20	30
Filipino	70	30	40	10	10	0
Latin American	25	10	15	15	10	10
Arab	10	10	0	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	15	0	0	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	10	10	10	10
Japanese	15	0	10	15	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	20	0	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	56,105	27,575	28,530	12,415	6,030	6,385
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	56,615	27,835	28,780	12,640	6,120	6,515
North American Aboriginal origins	7,085	3,560	3,525	600	240	360
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,065	3,075	2,995	535	205	330
Inuit	75	40	35	10	0	0
Métis	1,175	575	595	85	40	40
Other North American origins	30,530	14,840	15,690	8,530	4,135	4,395
Acadian	2,135	1,030	1,105	85	55	30
American	160	100	60	85	35	55
Canadian	29,155	14,160	15,000	8,035	3,875	4,155
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Québécois	10	10	0	475	265	210
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	33,520	16,475	17,045	5,755	2,805	2,950
British Isles origins	26,495	12,990	13,510	1,500	705	800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,790	5,725	6,060	385	185	205
Irish	13,840	6,650	7,190	935	425	510
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	12,340	5,860	6,480	370	170	200
Welsh	585	320	265	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	485	235	250	30	25	10
French origins	12,815	6,240	6,580	4,160	2,035	2,125
Alsatian	10	0	0	20	15	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	15	0
Corsican	0	0	0	55	25	30
French	12,815	6,240	6,575	4,100	2,005	2,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,525	1,195	1,330	540	230	310
Austrian	25	10	25	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	140	65	70	145	70	70
Dutch	825	350	480	70	20	45
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,635	805	830	290	120	170
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	70	40	25	50	15	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	585	330	250	45	20	30
Danish	115	55	60	20	10	10
Finnish	45	20	25	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	300	195	105	10	0	10
Swedish	110	60	60	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	520	225	295	335	145	190
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	55	20	35	30	10	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	30	50	40	20	20
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	90	75	115	55	60
Romanian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Russian	95	35	60	70	25	50
Slovak	20	10	10	10	10	0
Ukrainian	150	50	95	60	25	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	740	325	410	650	335	315
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	25	45	20	25
Italian	395	180	215	445	230	210
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	105	85	55	30	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	105	35	70	95	45	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	35	30	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	45	15	30	15	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	140	75	65	35	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	65	40	25	45	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	25	20	10	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	90	90	105	35	65
Central and West African origins	20	10	10	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	70	25	45
Algerian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	15	10	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	130	60	75	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	120	50	70	0	0	0
Asian origins	435	205	230	230	95	130
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	160	50	110	80	35	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	140	35	105	25	10	15
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	0	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	0	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	70	45	30	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	55	40	15	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	195	105	90	145	60	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	60	25	80	30	50
Filipino	80	35	50	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	15	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	25	0	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	15	35	15	10	10
Australian	50	10	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	25,000	...	...	6,285	...	...
Owner	19,685	...	...	4,325	...	...
Renter	4,395	...	...	1,960	...	...
Band housing	920	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	25,000	...	...	6,280	...	...
Condominium	240	...	...	670	...	...
Not condominium	24,755	...	...	5,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	25,000	...	...	6,280	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,775	...	...	820	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,830	...	...	2,120	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,785	...	...	2,260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,595	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	25,000	...	...	6,285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,550	...	...	1,765	...	...
5 rooms	5,275	...	...	1,120	...	...
6 rooms	4,985	...	...	960	...	...
7 rooms	3,745	...	...	850	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,445	...	...	1,590	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25,000	...	...	6,280	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,880	...	...	6,270	...	...
More than 1 person per room	115	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	25,000	...	...	6,285	...	...
Suitable	24,340	...	...	6,170	...	...
Not suitable	660	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	25,000	...	...	6,280	...	...
1960 or before	6,695	...	...	1,405	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,975	...	...	1,515	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,135	...	...	1,005	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,140	...	...	690	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,145	...	...	550	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,045	...	...	725	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	860	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	24,995	...	...	6,280	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	21,870	...	...	5,835	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,125	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	25,000	...	...	6,280	...	...
1 household maintainer	16,270	...	...	4,130	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,440	...	...	2,095	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	285	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	24,995	...	...	6,285	...	...
15 to 24 years	555	...	...	110	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,090	...	...	545	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,495	...	...	815	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,690	...	...	1,175	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,665	...	...	1,655	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,770	...	...	1,320	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,765	...	...	530	...	...
85 years and over	965	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	23,350	...	...	6,280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,220	...	...	4,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...	1,755	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,825	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,315	...	...	4,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.0	...	...	66.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	20.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	527	...	...	1,026	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	680	...	...	1,079	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	100,030	...	...	250,115	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	123,962	...	...	286,046	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,055	...	...	1,960	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.3	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	600	...	...	714	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	608	...	...	777	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	48,760	23,785	24,970	10,980	5,310	5,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,190	7,630	6,565	1,785	840	940
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,565	6,715	7,850	2,470	1,185	1,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,000	9,440	10,560	6,725	3,280	3,445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,770	3,460	1,305	1,910	1,160	745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,580	1,555	1,030	1,335	715	620
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,185	1,910	275	570	445	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,910	4,045	5,865	2,075	895	1,180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	745	265	475	510	210	300
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,580	1,665	2,915	2,235	1,020	1,215
Bachelor's degree	3,385	1,105	2,280	1,540	685	860
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	365	120	240	240	110	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	80	35	50	30	20
Master's degree	665	320	345	360	175	180
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	40	15	45	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30,200	14,675	15,530	7,020	3,375	3,645
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,120	3,670	2,455	750	385	370
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,530	4,475	5,055	1,400	665	735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,545	6,530	8,015	4,870	2,325	2,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,050	2,140	905	1,435	870	565
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,680	960	720	990	495	490
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,370	1,180	185	450	370	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,565	3,065	4,510	1,510	640	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	500	175	330	325	155	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,430	1,155	2,275	1,595	660	935
Bachelor's degree	2,570	795	1,770	1,180	485	690
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	80	190	150	50	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	55	35	35	15	25
Master's degree	480	215	265	200	90	110
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	48,760	23,785	24,970	10,980	5,310	5,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	28,755	14,340	14,415	4,250	2,030	2,225
Education	1,925	540	1,385	650	185	470
13. Education	1,930	545	1,385	650	180	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260	165	95	340	160	180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	15	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	190	110	85	315	130	175
Humanities	630	245	385	415	145	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	15	60	10	55
23. English language and literature/letters	125	45	80	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	50	155	210	80	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	85	70	10	10	0
54. History	80	40	40	50	20	25
55. French language and literature/letters	40	15	20	60	20	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,295	280	1,010	620	180	440
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	25	80	25	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	25	470	120	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	155	30	120	130	55	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	35	0	35
42. Psychology	235	55	180	110	20	95
45. Social sciences	330	145	190	140	70	70
Business, management and public administration	3,770	725	3,045	1,485	640	845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	495	75	425	105	30	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,260	655	2,600	1,385	615	765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	310	175	140	145	90	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	60	75	60	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	45	55	40	40	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	40	40	0	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	30	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	210	180	180	125	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	325	170	150	125	95	35
25. Library science	20	0	25	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	10	30	30	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,155	4,940	215	1,245	1,155	85
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	0	55	35	25
14. Engineering	215	195	20	155	140	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	715	600	115	280	255	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,530	1,495	35	340	325	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,660	1,645	20	290	270	20
48. Precision production	1,015	1,000	25	130	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	565	460	105	100	40	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	85	60	50	10	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	425	375	45	45	30	15
Health and related fields	3,330	430	2,900	910	210	690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	40	60	115	80	40
51. Health professions and related programs	3,200	365	2,835	780	130	655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	25	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,365	1,270	1,095	645	355	290
12. Personal and culinary services	1,090	220	870	385	125	260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	35	10	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	565	395	175	125	115	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	675	625	45	130	115	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30,200	14,670	15,530	7,020	3,375	3,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,655	8,140	7,510	2,155	1,050	1,105
Education	1,205	325	885	390	95	295
13. Education	1,205	325	885	390	95	290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	125	55	260	120	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	15	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	80	45	240	100	145
Humanities	430	160	270	265	95	170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	30	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	50	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	35	105	130	55	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	55	55	0	0	0
54. History	65	30	30	40	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,065	200	860	485	120	365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	25	20	70	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	15	395	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	135	20	120	115	40	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	25	0	25
42. Psychology	170	30	140	80	10	70
45. Social sciences	270	110	160	110	50	65
Business, management and public administration	2,950	580	2,370	1,020	415	610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	400	50	350	85	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,525	530	2,000	940	390	545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	115	115	95	55	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	35	60	55	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	25	45	20	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	150	130	160	105	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	255	140	115	120	85	35
25. Library science	0	0	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,415	3,235	175	935	870	65
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	155	135	20	100	90	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	570	475	95	190	170	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,015	995	25	260	260	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,010	995	20	235	225	10
48. Precision production	650	640	10	95	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	360	80	80	30	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	115	70	45	40	10	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	290	40	35	20	15
Health and related fields	2,540	320	2,220	705	160	540
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	30	40	90	55	30
51. Health professions and related programs	2,450	275	2,175	610	105	505
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	20	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,820	965	850	480	265	210
12. Personal and culinary services	805	120	690	290	100	195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	430	305	125	65	60	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	535	40	115	105	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	48,760	23,785	24,970	10,980	5,310	5,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,755	14,340	14,420	4,250	2,025	2,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,000	9,440	10,560	6,725	3,285	3,440
Location of study inside Canada	19,350	9,075	10,275	6,420	3,130	3,295
Same as province or territory of residence	16,335	7,590	8,745	6,205	3,025	3,180
Different than province or territory of residence	3,015	1,485	1,525	220	100	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	650	365	280	305	155	150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	320	190	135	25	15	10
Philippines	35	10	30	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	50	15	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	165	80	85
Other	185	90	85	95	55	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30,200	14,670	15,530	7,020	3,375	3,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,650	8,140	7,515	2,155	1,050	1,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,545	6,530	8,015	4,870	2,325	2,540
Location of study inside Canada	14,165	6,340	7,825	4,655	2,215	2,440
Same as province or territory of residence	11,975	5,310	6,665	4,500	2,155	2,350
Different than province or territory of residence	2,190	1,030	1,165	150	65	90
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	380	195	190	215	105	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	185	100	85	10	0	0
Philippines	35	10	30	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	0	0
France	30	15	15	120	65	50
Other	105	50	50	75	30	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	48,755	23,785	24,975	10,975	5,310	5,670
In the labour force	27,000	13,915	13,085	6,515	3,325	3,190
Employed	21,580	10,350	11,225	6,010	3,070	2,940
Unemployed	5,420	3,565	1,860	510	255	250
Not in the labour force	21,760	9,870	11,885	4,465	1,990	2,475
Participation rate	55.4	58.5	52.4	59.4	62.6	56.3
Employment rate	44.3	43.5	44.9	54.8	57.8	51.9
Unemployment rate	20.1	25.6	14.2	7.8	7.7	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	48,760	23,785	24,970	10,980	5,310	5,665
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	20,125	8,980	11,145	4,060	1,770	2,295
Worked	28,635	14,805	13,835	6,915	3,545	3,375
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,580	5,615	5,970	2,840	1,455	1,385
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	17,055	9,190	7,865	4,075	2,090	1,990
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.9	35.0	39.0	40.9	40.6	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	27,000	13,915	13,085	6,515	3,320	3,195
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	415	355	130	55	80
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,230	13,500	12,730	6,385	3,275	3,110
Employee	24,335	12,320	12,015	5,030	2,460	2,570
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,900	1,180	720	1,355	815	540
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	27,000	13,910	13,090	6,515	3,325	3,195
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	415	355	130	55	80
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,225	13,495	12,725	6,385	3,275	3,110
0 Management occupations	1,645	930	720	840	540	305
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,395	750	2,645	875	210	665
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	805	655	155	320	275	45
3 Health occupations	2,020	260	1,760	405	40	360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,185	865	2,315	885	265	620
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	240	110	130	270	145	125
6 Sales and service occupations	6,010	2,190	3,815	1,730	830	900
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,100	4,770	325	815	770	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,960	1,750	210	100	80	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,865	1,210	655	135	115	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	27,005	13,915	13,085	6,520	3,325	3,195
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	415	360	130	50	80
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,230	13,500	12,730	6,385	3,275	3,115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,850	1,570	280	30	15	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	625	590	30	10	10	0
22 Utilities	180	145	35	50	45	0
23 Construction	2,355	2,180	175	580	510	65
31-33 Manufacturing	2,765	1,865	900	380	285	95
41 Wholesale trade	510	375	135	190	125	65
44-45 Retail trade	3,275	1,365	1,910	970	480	490
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,030	795	235	215	140	70
51 Information and cultural industries	230	130	100	145	80	70
52 Finance and insurance	350	70	275	140	60	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	60	50	155	85	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	735	350	385	480	285	195
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,350	725	625	320	190	130
61 Educational services	1,795	520	1,280	500	145	365
62 Health care and social assistance	3,555	440	3,120	790	140	650
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	120	120	285	185	100
72 Accommodation and food services	1,530	430	1,110	530	230	300
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,255	600	660	330	130	205
91 Public administration	2,450	1,155	1,300	285	135	150
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	21,580	10,345	11,230	6,010	3,070	2,945
Worked at home	895	360	535	640	325	315
Worked outside Canada	55	35	20	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	3,105	2,350	755	805	610	200
Worked at usual place	17,520	7,600	9,920	4,555	2,140	2,420
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,520	7,600	9,920	4,560	2,135	2,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,675	3,625	5,055	1,225	550	680
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,200	2,520	3,685	770	335	430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,195	1,065	1,130	2,555	1,245	1,305
Commute to a different province or territory	455	395	60	10	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,625	9,950	10,675	5,360	2,745	2,620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	17,365	8,325	9,035	4,715	2,400	2,310
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,695	750	940	215	70	145
Public transit	325	215	105	95	45	50
Walked	760	325	435	235	155	80
Bicycle	15	15	0	15	10	10
Other method	465	320	150	80	60	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,630	9,955	10,675	5,360	2,740	2,620
Less than 15 minutes	8,840	3,905	4,940	1,625	720	900
15 to 29 minutes	6,260	2,925	3,335	1,485	735	745
30 to 44 minutes	2,490	1,330	1,160	940	510	435
45 to 59 minutes	1,280	590	690	640	355	290
60 minutes and over	1,755	1,210	550	670	425	250
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,625	9,950	10,675	5,360	2,745	2,615
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,675	1,175	500	375	275	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,080	2,240	1,835	785	475	315
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,315	2,885	3,430	1,505	695	815
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,705	1,245	2,460	1,300	590	710
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,495	500	995	535	205	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,360	1,905	1,455	855	505	350
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	29,520	15,225	14,300	7,100	3,645	3,460
Single responses	28,360	14,735	13,625	6,655	3,405	3,255
Official languages	28,130	14,610	13,525	6,645	3,405	3,245
English	23,245	12,065	11,185	375	200	175
French	4,885	2,545	2,340	6,270	3,200	3,065
Non-official languages	230	130	100	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	225	130	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	230	130	95	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	230	130	100	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	230	130	100	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,160	490	680	445	235	205
English and French	1,120	470	650	430	235	195
English and non-official language	45	15	25	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	29,520	15,220	14,305	7,100	3,640	3,460
None	24,270	12,725	11,545	4,450	2,235	2,220
English	2,270	1,125	1,145	2,325	1,250	1,075
French	2,530	1,150	1,375	275	130	145
Non-official language	440	215	225	20	20	0
Aboriginal	420	205	215	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	10	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	56,180	27,595	28,585	12,550	6,090	6,455
Non-movers	51,680	25,465	26,215	11,000	5,310	5,690
Movers	4,500	2,135	2,370	1,555	785	770
Non-migrants	2,515	1,210	1,305	585	315	275
Migrants	1,985	925	1,060	970	470	500
Internal migrants	1,910	900	1,010	945	460	485
Intraprovincial migrants	1,305	595	715	915	440	475
Interprovincial migrants	605	310	295	30	20	10
External migrants	80	30	50	20	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	54,110	26,520	27,590	12,105	5,850	6,260
Non-movers	42,245	20,890	21,350	7,355	3,550	3,805
Movers	11,865	5,630	6,240	4,755	2,295	2,455
Non-migrants	6,785	3,240	3,540	1,655	820	840
Migrants	5,085	2,390	2,695	3,100	1,485	1,615
Internal migrants	4,890	2,295	2,590	3,000	1,440	1,560
Intraprovincial migrants	3,220	1,495	1,725	2,920	1,390	1,535
Interprovincial migrants	1,665	800	865	75	50	30
External migrants	200	95	105	95	40	55

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Sainte-Adèle, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi--Grand Lake [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec