Census Profile, 2016 Census
Russell [Population centre], Ontario and Yellowknife, City [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Russell Ontario [Population centre]			Yellowknife, CY Northwest Territories [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Russell [Population centre], Ontario Map : Russell [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Yellowknife, City [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,464	...	...	19,569	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,796 ^r	...	...	19,234	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.6	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,598	...	...	7,758	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,575	...	...	7,131	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,169.8	...	...	185.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.82	...	...	105.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,460	2,200	2,260	19,570	9,860	9,710
0 to 14 years	900	480	420	3,920	1,985	1,930
0 to 4 years	275	155	120	1,410	740	675
5 to 9 years	300	150	150	1,320	670	655
10 to 14 years	320	175	145	1,185	580	610
15 to 64 years	2,945	1,435	1,510	14,535	7,275	7,265
15 to 19 years	340	180	160	1,160	610	550
20 to 24 years	225	120	105	1,410	740	665
25 to 29 years	190	80	110	1,680	835	840
30 to 34 years	270	130	135	1,825	885	940
35 to 39 years	255	120	135	1,725	815	910
40 to 44 years	290	135	155	1,475	705	765
45 to 49 years	345	160	185	1,430	735	700
50 to 54 years	410	215	205	1,540	740	795
55 to 59 years	335	160	180	1,345	720	625
60 to 64 years	275	135	145	955	490	475
65 years and over	620	290	335	1,115	600	515
65 to 69 years	210	110	100	590	325	265
70 to 74 years	135	65	75	265	150	115
75 to 79 years	105	50	50	130	70	60
80 to 84 years	85	35	50	65	30	35
85 years and over	95	30	65	65	25	40
85 to 89 years	55	20	35	40	15	25
90 to 94 years	30	10	20	20	10	10
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.2	21.8	18.6	20.0	20.1	19.9
15 to 64 years	66.0	65.2	66.8	74.3	73.8	74.8
65 years and over	13.9	13.2	14.8	5.7	6.1	5.3
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.9	0.3	0.3	0.4
Average age of the population	39.3	38.1	40.5	34.6	34.6	34.7
Median age of the population	41.0	39.2	42.4	34.5	34.2	34.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,575	...	...	7,130	...	...
Single-detached house	1,265	...	...	3,205	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	375	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	310	...	...	3,080	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	150	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	160	...	...	1,740	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,575	...	...	7,130	...	...
1 person	240	...	...	1,585	...	...
2 persons	570	...	...	2,105	...	...
3 persons	300	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 persons	295	...	...	1,285	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	735	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,360	...	...	19,285	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,565	1,720	1,845	15,650	7,870	7,780
Married or living common law	2,380	1,180	1,195	9,110	4,565	4,545
Married	2,035	1,010	1,020	6,475	3,270	3,215
Living common law	340	170	170	2,630	1,300	1,330
Not married and not living common law	1,190	540	650	6,540	3,305	3,235
Never married	780	415	365	5,040	2,730	2,310
Separated	95	40	55	405	170	230
Divorced	150	50	95	775	320	455
Widowed	170	35	135	325	85	240
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,345	...	...	5,265	...	...
2 persons	600	...	...	2,295	...	...
3 persons	305	...	...	1,315	...	...
4 persons	295	...	...	1,165	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	490	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,345	...	...	5,270	...	...
Total couple families	1,170	...	...	4,410	...	...
Married couples	1,000	...	...	3,090	...	...
Common-law couples	170	...	...	1,315	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	170	...	...	860	...	...
Female parent	125	...	...	645	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,175	...	...	4,410	...	...
Couples without children	510	...	...	1,810	...	...
Couples with children	660	...	...	2,600	...	...
1 child	240	...	...	1,065	...	...
2 children	275	...	...	1,080	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	860	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	485	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	255	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	310	125	185	3,450	1,865	1,580
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,575	...	...	7,135	...	...
One-census-family households	1,295	...	...	4,870	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	490	...	...	1,650	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	805	...	...	3,225	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	195	...	...
Non-census-family households	260	...	...	2,070	...	...
One-person households	240	...	...	1,590	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	15	...	...	475	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,465	2,200	2,265	19,400	9,785	9,620
English only	2,450	1,265	1,185	16,035	8,275	7,760
French only	45	20	25	55	30	30
English and French	1,960	915	1,050	3,230	1,445	1,785
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	80	35	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,460	2,200	2,260	19,405	9,785	9,615
English	3,550	1,770	1,785	18,355	9,250	9,110
French	875	415	455	860	445	415
English and French	30	10	15	110	55	55
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	75	35	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	890	425	470	915	475	445
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	20.0	19.3	20.8	4.7	4.9	4.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,465	2,200	2,260	19,405	9,785	9,620
Single responses	4,390	2,160	2,225	18,865	9,545	9,315
Official languages	4,200	2,075	2,125	15,935	8,140	7,790
English	3,330	1,660	1,670	15,085	7,700	7,385
French	865	415	455	850	445	405
Non-official languages	185	90	100	2,930	1,400	1,525
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	550	215	340
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	425	175	250
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	425	175	250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	235	110	125
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	110	30	80
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	65	15	55
South Slavey	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	95	25	70
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	70	20	50
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	85	100	2,375	1,190	1,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	170	110	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	45	40	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	35	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	120	70	50
Amharic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Arabic	20	10	10	80	45	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	15	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	70	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	155	70	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	740	325	415
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	5	55	25	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	70	25	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	595	265	325
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	50	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	15	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	75	75	790	420	375
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	155	90	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	160	90	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	5	0	5	10	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	25	20	10
Russian	5	5	0	35	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	40	205	95	105
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	5	15
Danish	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dutch	45	25	20	40	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	25	120	60	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	215	125	90
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	180	110	75
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	25
Gujarati	5	5	5	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	5	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	5	0	0	30	15	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	40	25	10
Portuguese	10	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Spanish	10	5	10	85	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	55	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	115	65	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	10	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	195	100	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Cantonese	5	0	0	100	50	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	55	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	20	15	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	75	40	35	540	240	305
English and French	65	30	35	115	50	65
English and non-official language	10	5	0	405	175	230
French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,465	2,200	2,265	19,400	9,785	9,615
Single responses	4,365	2,155	2,210	18,515	9,375	9,145
Official languages	4,335	2,145	2,195	17,330	8,780	8,550
English	3,815	1,900	1,920	16,810	8,525	8,285
French	520	240	280	520	250	270
Non-official languages	30	15	15	1,185	595	590
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	65	40	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	5
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	1,070	540	530
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	70	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	35	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	35	30	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	45	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	50	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	370	175	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	325	160	165
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	270	130	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	40	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	40	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	35	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	125	65	60
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	110	65	50
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	10	0	5	10	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iranian languages	0	5	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	45	20	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	100	55	50
Chinese languages	5	0	0	100	50	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	45	55	880	410	475
English and French	70	30	40	100	45	50
English and non-official language	25	10	10	755	345	405
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,460	2,200	2,260	19,405	9,780	9,620
None	3,635	1,815	1,825	16,760	8,565	8,195
English	290	135	155	810	400	415
French	460	220	245	600	270	330
Non-official language	65	35	35	1,180	530	655
Aboriginal	0	0	0	365	145	220
Non-Aboriginal	65	35	35	820	385	430
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,460	1,690	1,770	15,400	7,750	7,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,300	1,615	1,685	14,990	7,560	7,430
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,920	58,965	42,667	67,792	76,199	60,416
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,305	1,615	1,685	14,990	7,560	7,430
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,251	50,688	36,912	57,925	63,783	52,754
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,140	1,570	1,575	14,255	7,275	6,975
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,947	56,704	38,976	68,035	76,576	61,224
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,100	890	1,210	14,615	7,345	7,275
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,008	3,052	4,424	943	942	1,078
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,675	1,360	1,315	13,660	6,995	6,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,905	56,363	42,432	67,630	75,741	60,828
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,505	1,740	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,335	1,660	1,670	14,960	7,570	7,395
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,176	63,072	47,343	75,987	83,567	68,226
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,330	1,660	1,675	14,965	7,570	7,390
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,580	51,917	39,294	61,949	67,089	56,687
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,165	1,620	1,545	14,285	7,295	6,990
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,447	60,934	45,618	75,851	83,704	67,657
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,140	920	1,215	14,590	7,385	7,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,826	6,543	7,040	3,661	2,982	4,357
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,725	1,395	1,330	13,665	6,985	6,680
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,010	57,893	45,841	74,232	81,967	66,151
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,500	1,740	1,760	15,405	7,750	7,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,545	875	665	7,775	4,140	3,635
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	65,734	69,547	62,616	88,809	93,616	82,920
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	72,087	75,695	67,355	95,743	101,718	88,944
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.1	94.2	89.4	95.3	96.8	93.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.7	78.0	76.7	88.3	89.3	87.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.0	6.0	10.6	4.7	3.3	6.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,460	1,690	1,770	15,405	7,750	7,655
Without total income	160	75	85	415	190	220
With total income	3,300	1,615	1,685	14,985	7,555	7,430
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.6	95.2	97.3	97.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	375	150	225	1,495	735	765
$10,000 to $19,999	370	135	235	1,130	505	625
$20,000 to $29,999	275	120	160	1,160	480	680
$30,000 to $39,999	300	120	175	1,050	475	580
$40,000 to $49,999	330	140	190	975	435	545
$50,000 to $59,999	320	150	165	970	455	510
$60,000 to $69,999	275	140	130	945	455	490
$70,000 to $79,999	250	135	110	970	435	535
$80,000 to $89,999	205	110	90	950	425	525
$90,000 to $99,999	200	125	75	895	450	450
$100,000 and over	395	280	120	4,455	2,710	1,740
$100,000 to $149,999	335	225	105	3,345	1,945	1,400
$150,000 and over	60	50	10	1,110	765	340
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,460	1,690	1,770	15,400	7,750	7,650
Without after-tax income	160	75	80	415	190	225
With after-tax income	3,305	1,620	1,685	14,985	7,555	7,430
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.9	95.2	97.3	97.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	405	155	245	1,515	745	775
$10,000 to $19,999	370	140	230	1,180	525	650
$20,000 to $29,999	345	145	200	1,295	540	755
$30,000 to $39,999	385	160	225	1,260	560	700
$40,000 to $49,999	440	205	235	1,255	595	660
$50,000 to $59,999	370	205	165	1,245	600	640
$60,000 to $69,999	310	155	155	1,265	540	720
$70,000 to $79,999	260	165	100	1,260	635	625
$80,000 and over	410	285	125	4,720	2,810	1,905
$80,000 to $89,999	195	120	75	1,220	600	620
$90,000 to $99,999	90	60	25	1,150	655	495
$100,000 and over	130	105	25	2,350	1,555	795
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,460	1,690	1,770	15,400	7,750	7,650
Without employment income	785	330	455	1,740	755	985
With employment income	2,675	1,365	1,310	13,660	6,995	6,665
Percentage with employment income	77.3	80.8	74.0	88.7	90.3	87.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	290	140	145	920	445	480
$5,000 to $9,999	200	90	100	680	330	350
$10,000 to $19,999	255	110	150	1,075	475	595
$20,000 to $29,999	185	90	100	860	385	475
$30,000 to $39,999	205	75	130	870	410	460
$40,000 to $49,999	235	110	125	885	400	480
$50,000 to $59,999	235	105	130	870	415	450
$60,000 to $69,999	215	115	100	875	405	470
$70,000 to $79,999	195	105	90	945	415	525
$80,000 and over	665	430	235	5,690	3,315	2,375
$80,000 to $89,999	190	110	80	895	410	485
$90,000 to $99,999	165	100	65	835	430	400
$100,000 and over	310	220	90	3,965	2,470	1,495
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,575	...	...	7,130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,552	...	...	142,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	90,709	...	...	119,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	240	...	...	1,590	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,856	...	...	84,297	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,880	...	...	70,327	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,335	...	...	5,540	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,630	...	...	166,619	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,744	...	...	139,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,600	...	...	7,130	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	115,072	...	...	159,434	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	95,059	...	...	129,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	245	...	...	1,590	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,736	...	...	88,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,382	...	...	71,621	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,355	...	...	5,540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,936	...	...	179,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,004	...	...	146,713	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,575	...	...	7,130	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	305	...	...
$100,000 and over	875	...	...	4,980	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	260	...	...	845	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	225	...	...	790	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	250	...	...	1,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	135	...	...	2,040	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,575	...	...	7,130	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	295	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	300	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	440	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 and over	665	...	...	4,350	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	305	...	...	1,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...	865	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	2,460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,325	...	...	5,165	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,682	...	...	164,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,726	...	...	136,747	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	480	...	...	1,605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,912	...	...	155,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,955	...	...	128,683	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	665	...	...	2,615	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,093	...	...	190,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,065	...	...	159,573	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	770	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,808	...	...	94,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,296	...	...	81,493	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,340	...	...	5,150	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	125,437	...	...	177,681	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,583	...	...	144,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	490	...	...	1,575	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,029	...	...	173,068	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,790	...	...	138,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	670	...	...	2,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	153,033	...	...	201,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,300	...	...	164,730	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	760	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,712	...	...	99,021	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,270	...	...	83,222	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	275	110	160	2,985	1,660	1,325
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,536	56,576	43,328	63,872	64,128	63,424
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,112	47,744	38,016	54,842	54,528	55,136
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	280	130	150	2,985	1,745	1,240
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,751	63,453	47,366	74,372	73,174	76,058
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,413	52,215	39,641	61,248	60,208	62,712
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,355	2,170	2,190	19,285	9,715	9,565
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,175	565	610	3,835	1,895	1,940
In the bottom decile	70	30	40	960	500	455
In the second decile	160	80	85	745	350	395
In the third decile	285	130	150	565	280	285
In the fourth decile	265	130	135	715	355	355
In the fifth decile	395	195	205	850	400	450
In the top half of the distribution	3,185	1,605	1,580	15,445	7,825	7,630
In the sixth decile	445	215	235	950	480	470
In the seventh decile	610	315	295	1,345	685	660
In the eighth decile	740	370	375	1,990	995	1,000
In the ninth decile	830	425	410	3,640	1,820	1,820
In the top decile	560	290	270	7,520	3,840	3,685
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,360	2,170	2,190	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,105	585	515	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	340	185	155	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,735	1,325	1,410	0	0	0
65 years and over	520	255	260	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	155	70	80	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	40	25	20	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	20	15	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70	35	40	0	0	0
65 years and over	40	10	25	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.6	3.2	3.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	4.3	3.9	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	8.1	3.2	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	7.7	3.9	9.6	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	25	30	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	0	0	0
65 years and over	5	5	5	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.1	1.2	1.4	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	0.9	1.0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	1.5	2.7	0.0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	1.1	1.1	1.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.0	2.0	1.9	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,370	2,190	2,180	19,285	9,720	9,565
Official languages	4,370	2,190	2,180	19,130	9,650	9,480
English	4,310	2,180	2,140	19,085	9,630	9,450
French	1,985	895	1,090	3,250	1,400	1,855
Non-official languages	345	165	175	4,195	2,030	2,160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	820	365	450
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	675	315	365
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	680	315	365
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	150	65	90
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	430	225	210
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	35	100
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	75	0	70
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	40
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	105	35	65
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Inuktitut	0	0	0	65	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	340	170	175	3,380	1,665	1,715
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	225	130	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	30	180	105	75
Amharic	0	0	0	25	15	15
Arabic	65	40	30	135	90	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	210	90	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	210	90	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	930	420	510
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	115	40	75
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	890	405	485
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	30	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	115	120	1,345	715	630
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10	170	100	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	0	170	100	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Russian	20	10	10	50	25	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	70	50	375	185	185
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	65	35	25	50	30	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	60	30	30	305	150	155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	375	210	160
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	330	195	135
Bengali	0	0	0	120	60	50
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	20	0
Hindi	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	50	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	10	10	0	105	60	40
Iranian languages	15	0	10	50	20	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	50	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	20	55	475	235	240
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	15	65	40	30
Portuguese	0	0	10	35	25	10
Romanian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	50	15	35	395	190	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	110	25	85
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	35	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	185	105	85
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	35	25	10
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	60	30	30
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	15	15	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	175	70	105
Chinese languages	0	0	0	175	70	105
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	45	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	30	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	25	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	15	0	15	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,375	2,190	2,180	19,280	9,715	9,565
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,290	2,135	2,150	17,995	9,080	8,915
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,080	565	515	4,430	2,240	2,185
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,210	1,575	1,635	13,565	6,840	6,725
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	90	50	35	1,285	635	655
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,375	2,190	2,180	19,285	9,720	9,565
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,975	1,990	1,985	16,165	8,115	8,045
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	365	185	185	2,870	1,455	1,410
Before 1981	220	130	95	500	270	235
1981 to 1990	30	15	15	320	160	155
1991 to 2000	50	15	30	480	285	190
2001 to 2010	50	10	35	870	405	465
2001 to 2005	35	10	30	400	195	200
2006 to 2010	15	0	10	470	205	265
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	0	695	335	365
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	15	15	250	140	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	370	185	185	2,870	1,460	1,415
Under 5 years	60	30	30	280	150	135
5 to 14 years	95	55	40	530	310	225
15 to 24 years	90	40	45	560	290	275
25 to 44 years	110	45	60	1,235	565	665
45 years and over	15	10	0	260	135	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	370	185	185	2,870	1,455	1,410
Americas	50	25	20	295	130	165
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	25	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	10	0	10	60	20	40
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	15
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	25	15	120	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	45	15	20
Europe	225	120	105	550	335	215
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	15	0
France	10	10	0	20	15	0
Germany	25	10	15	100	60	45
Greece	0	0	10	10	0	0
Hungary	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	10	15	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10
Netherlands	50	30	15	25	20	10
Poland	10	10	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	15	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	105	50	55	235	110	120
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	75	40	30
Africa	20	10	10	390	215	175
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	25	20	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	250	140	115
Asia	70	30	35	1,615	770	845
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	80	45	35
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	75	40	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	15	15
India	0	0	0	145	100	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	35	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	60	10	55
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Lebanon	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	60	35	30
Philippines	10	0	0	780	360	425
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	170	75	95
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	85	35	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	15	0	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	700	330	365
Americas	0	0	0	50	15	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	50	30	20
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	105	60	45
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	75	40	30
Asia	0	0	0	490	230	260
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	30	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	30	0	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	285	145	150
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,375	2,190	2,185	19,285	9,720	9,565
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	475	235	235	3,195	1,630	1,565
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	660	335	330	2,700	1,325	1,370
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,240	1,620	1,620	13,385	6,760	6,625
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	150	65	90	2,410	1,205	1,200
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	30	30	1,280	655	630
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	15	10	615	345	270
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	40	20	20	665	305	365
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	80	25	60	795	365	430
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	310	175	130
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,375	2,195	2,180	19,285	9,715	9,565
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	75	45	30	4,460	2,095	2,365
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	60	35	25	4,370	2,055	2,315
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	35	10	20	2,445	1,180	1,260
Métis	30	25	10	1,345	630	710
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	585	245	340
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	80	30	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,300	2,145	2,150	14,820	7,620	7,195
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,375	2,195	2,180	19,285	9,720	9,565
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	15	2,430	1,140	1,285
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,355	2,185	2,170	16,855	8,580	8,280
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,370	2,190	2,185	19,285	9,715	9,570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	0	1,730	815	920
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	10	1,595	740	860
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	1,210	570	640
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	200	100	100
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	190	70	120
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	135	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	110	60	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	250	130	115	2,785	1,235	1,550
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	245	130	110	2,360	1,065	1,305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	80	70	1,450	670	790
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	40	630	275	360
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	280	120	160
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	420	180	245
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	295	115	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	35	50
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,115	2,055	2,060	14,765	7,665	7,100
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,375	2,190	2,185	19,285	9,715	9,565
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	250	120	130	3,230	1,600	1,635
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	40	20	20	510	310	200
Chinese	20	10	15	230	120	105
Black	65	30	30	610	345	270
Filipino	30	15	10	1,065	485	580
Latin American	0	0	0	110	45	65
Arab	60	35	20	65	35	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	225	95	130
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	45	15	25
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Japanese	10	10	10	135	40	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	85	35	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	80	40	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,125	2,070	2,055	16,055	8,120	7,930
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,375	2,190	2,180	19,285	9,720	9,565
North American Aboriginal origins	260	135	125	4,520	2,050	2,470
First Nations (North American Indian)	170	85	85	3,200	1,475	1,730
Inuit	0	0	0	625	270	350
Métis	90	50	40	1,285	580	705
Other North American origins	1,675	845	825	6,165	3,085	3,080
Acadian	30	10	25	210	105	105
American	30	20	15	250	150	100
Canadian	1,600	815	790	5,905	2,920	2,985
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	40	15	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	20	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,540	1,765	1,775	11,955	6,090	5,865
British Isles origins	2,510	1,245	1,265	8,980	4,605	4,380
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,120	555	565	5,070	2,555	2,515
Irish	1,395	685	710	3,545	1,775	1,775
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	1,175	570	605	4,280	2,205	2,075
Welsh	45	25	15	415	200	215
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	55	55	530	290	235
French origins	1,505	715	790	2,660	1,285	1,375
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,505	715	790	2,660	1,280	1,370
Western European origins (except French origins)	725	345	375	3,190	1,555	1,635
Austrian	25	0	20	130	70	60
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	50	20	30	110	30	80
Dutch	310	160	155	760	390	370
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	415	205	215	2,415	1,160	1,255
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	20	20	10	115	60	55
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	70	55	1,200	625	575
Danish	70	45	25	210	85	130
Finnish	25	10	15	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	10	145	75	70
Norwegian	0	0	0	535	305	230
Swedish	35	30	10	245	110	135
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	95	60	35
Eastern European origins	340	175	165	1,985	995	985
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	15	0	10	65	55	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	15	185	100	85
Latvian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	50	50	655	300	355
Romanian	25	15	15	90	45	45
Russian	50	25	15	325	165	160
Slovak	0	0	0	55	25	25
Ukrainian	140	70	70	900	410	485
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	220	105	110	875	450	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	20	25	20	0
Italian	120	55	70	355	195	160
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Maltese	10	0	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	70	75
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	55	30	20	270	110	160
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	15	0	15	135	70	70
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	85	40	45
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	10	50	25	25
Caribbean origins	55	20	30	170	80	85
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	0	40	15	25
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	35	10	30	90	50	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	10	20	150	75	80
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chilean	20	10	10	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	45	20	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	10
African origins	35	10	30	630	365	260
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	85	55	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	30	25	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	45	35	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	30	10	30	150	90	60
Algerian	10	0	10	35	15	20
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	10	25	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	75	50	25
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	250	145	105
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	70	40	30
South African	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	70	35	35
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	160	75	85
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	130	55	80
Asian origins	200	100	100	2,525	1,220	1,310
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	95	50	45	145	65	75
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	45	15	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	50	30	20	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	10	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	40	20	20	490	290	205
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	60	35	25
Bengali	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	20	20	290	185	110
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pakistani	15	15	0	75	40	35
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	60	25	35	1,910	870	1,035
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	40	15	20	280	135	145
Filipino	30	15	15	1,170	535	635
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	155	55	105
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	120	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	10	0	60	25	35
Australian	0	10	0	25	0	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	20	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,600	...	...	7,135	...	...
Owner	1,385	...	...	4,010	...	...
Renter	210	...	...	3,115	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,595	...	...	7,135	...	...
Condominium	105	...	...	1,180	...	...
Not condominium	1,490	...	...	5,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,595	...	...	7,135	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	75	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	1,020	...	...
2 bedrooms	250	...	...	1,560	...	...
3 bedrooms	715	...	...	2,895	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	565	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,595	...	...	7,130	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	200	...	...	2,280	...	...
5 rooms	155	...	...	1,340	...	...
6 rooms	245	...	...	1,135	...	...
7 rooms	290	...	...	880	...	...
8 or more rooms	710	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,595	...	...	7,130	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,595	...	...	6,900	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,595	...	...	7,130	...	...
Suitable	1,560	...	...	6,570	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,600	...	...	7,135	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...	255	...	...
1961 to 1980	230	...	...	2,250	...	...
1981 to 1990	385	...	...	1,630	...	...
1991 to 2000	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	100	...	...	645	...	...
2006 to 2010	120	...	...	380	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	305	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,595	...	...	7,130	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,530	...	...	6,485	...	...
Major repairs needed	70	...	...	645	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,600	...	...	7,130	...	...
1 household maintainer	720	...	...	3,760	...	...
2 household maintainers	875	...	...	3,020	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,595	...	...	7,130	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	230	...	...
25 to 34 years	200	...	...	1,550	...	...
35 to 44 years	275	...	...	1,600	...	...
45 to 54 years	445	...	...	1,680	...	...
55 to 64 years	345	...	...	1,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	215	...	...	515	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	105	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,600	...	...	7,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,325	...	...	6,080	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	270	...	...	1,045	...	...
30% to less than 100%	250	...	...	935	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,385	...	...	4,010	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.9	...	...	77.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.4	...	...	8.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,697	...	...	2,309	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,604	...	...	2,283	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	345,347	...	...	420,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	343,108	...	...	453,608	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	210	...	...	3,120	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.6	...	...	24.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.9	...	...	22.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,067	...	...	1,683	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,074	...	...	1,611	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,500	1,740	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	475	255	225	2,240	1,180	1,060
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	915	450	465	3,740	1,945	1,800
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,110	1,040	1,075	9,420	4,625	4,795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	150	50	1,295	975	325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	105	60	45	615	395	225
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	90	10	680	580	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	915	430	485	3,130	1,575	1,555
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	40	45	525	210	315
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	915	415	495	4,475	1,870	2,600
Bachelor's degree	650	290	355	3,050	1,280	1,770
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	40	30	215	70	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	105	50	55
Master's degree	160	70	90	1,040	440	605
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	60	35	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,335	1,140	1,200	11,855	5,890	5,965
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	75	45	1,120	600	520
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	525	270	260	2,545	1,320	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,690	795	895	8,190	3,965	4,225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	155	115	45	1,100	830	275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	35	40	530	350	185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	85	80	10	570	480	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	710	320	395	2,610	1,295	1,315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	35	35	420	175	245
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	750	325	425	4,060	1,660	2,395
Bachelor's degree	515	220	295	2,750	1,135	1,615
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	35	25	195	60	130
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	90	35	60
Master's degree	150	60	85	970	400	570
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,500	1,740	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,385	700	685	5,980	3,120	2,855
Education	145	25	120	760	195	560
13. Education	145	25	120	760	195	560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	35	50	300	170	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	70	55	15
50. Visual and performing arts	75	25	45	230	110	120
Humanities	120	60	55	360	135	220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	40	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	75	15	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	100	35	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	25	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	40	20	20
54. History	25	20	10	65	40	25
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	100	170	1,150	440	705
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	165	60	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55	145	35	115
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	35	185	90	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	20	0	20
42. Psychology	35	10	20	150	15	135
45. Social sciences	110	70	45	455	245	205
Business, management and public administration	410	170	240	1,915	660	1,255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	45	225	55	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	160	195	1,690	610	1,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	35	45	430	215	215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40	225	100	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	10	70	25	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	130	85	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	80	55	295	170	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	65	35	230	165	65
25. Library science	15	0	10	35	0	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	345	325	25	1,845	1,620	220
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	10	100	55	45
14. Engineering	80	75	0	345	265	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	70	15	415	375	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	340	315	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	10	550	520	25
48. Precision production	40	35	0	90	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	60	20	315	165	145
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	50	15	25	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	290	155	130
Health and related fields	315	55	265	1,305	295	1,010
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	15	115	50	60
51. Health professions and related programs	285	35	250	1,160	225	935
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	90	40	760	555	205
12. Personal and culinary services	25	15	15	260	105	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	70	50	25	140	115	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	325	305	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,335	1,135	1,200	11,855	5,890	5,965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	645	345	300	3,665	1,925	1,740
Education	110	20	85	660	170	490
13. Education	105	20	85	665	170	490
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	25	45	250	140	115
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	15	0	65	55	10
50. Visual and performing arts	60	15	45	185	80	100
Humanities	95	50	40	295	105	185
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	20	65	15	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	90	25	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	20	10	15
54. History	20	10	10	55	35	25
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	75	150	995	400	600
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	140	55	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	50	125	30	90
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	170	80	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	15
42. Psychology	30	10	20	135	15	115
45. Social sciences	95	50	40	400	215	180
Business, management and public administration	320	140	175	1,730	595	1,130
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	45	195	45	150
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	270	130	135	1,530	555	980
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	20	40	385	200	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	0	35	200	95	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	10	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	125	80	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	75	55	280	160	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	30	215	150	65
25. Library science	15	10	10	35	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	15	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	280	250	20	1,560	1,360	195
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	70	30	40
14. Engineering	65	65	0	305	230	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	65	55	10	375	340	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	295	270	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	65	0	450	435	15
48. Precision production	25	25	0	70	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	55	20	290	155	135
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	45	15	20	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	265	145	120
Health and related fields	245	25	220	1,150	260	885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	95	45	45
51. Health professions and related programs	235	20	210	1,030	205	830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	60	35	595	420	180
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	10	235	105	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	50	25	15	125	95	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	210	195	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,505	1,745	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	700	685	5,980	3,120	2,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,115	1,040	1,075	9,420	4,630	4,790
Location of study inside Canada	1,960	960	1,000	8,125	4,070	4,055
Same as province or territory of residence	1,610	770	845	1,365	680	680
Different than province or territory of residence	350	190	155	6,765	3,390	3,375
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	160	80	75	1,300	560	740
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	35	15	170	60	115
Philippines	10	0	10	405	150	255
India	0	10	0	80	55	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	10	130	65	65
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other	55	20	35	480	210	270
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,335	1,135	1,200	11,855	5,885	5,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	645	340	300	3,665	1,925	1,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,690	795	895	8,185	3,965	4,230
Location of study inside Canada	1,585	740	845	7,035	3,465	3,570
Same as province or territory of residence	1,300	585	715	1,175	580	600
Different than province or territory of residence	285	155	135	5,855	2,890	2,965
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	105	55	50	1,160	495	660
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	20	10	150	50	100
Philippines	0	0	10	360	125	230
India	0	0	0	80	55	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	10	90	50	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	0
France	0	10	0	15	10	10
Other	30	10	20	450	195	255
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,500	1,740	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
In the labour force	2,475	1,290	1,185	12,710	6,620	6,090
Employed	2,365	1,235	1,125	11,955	6,205	5,750
Unemployed	115	50	70	755	415	340
Not in the labour force	1,025	455	570	2,690	1,130	1,560
Participation rate	70.7	74.1	67.3	82.5	85.4	79.6
Employment rate	67.6	71.0	63.9	77.6	80.1	75.2
Unemployment rate	4.6	3.9	5.9	5.9	6.3	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,500	1,740	1,760	15,400	7,750	7,650
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	900	415	485	2,140	875	1,265
Worked	2,605	1,330	1,270	13,260	6,875	6,385
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,560	890	675	7,850	4,195	3,655
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,045	440	600	5,410	2,680	2,730
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	45.0	42.9	43.6	43.9	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,475	1,290	1,190	12,705	6,620	6,090
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	20	20	150	85	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,435	1,270	1,170	12,560	6,540	6,020
Employee	2,195	1,125	1,070	11,750	6,045	5,710
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	240	145	95	810	500	310
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,480	1,290	1,185	12,710	6,620	6,090
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	20	150	85	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,440	1,270	1,170	12,560	6,540	6,020
0 Management occupations	320	190	125	1,665	1,015	645
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	450	150	300	2,300	655	1,645
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	245	185	55	1,100	790	315
3 Health occupations	155	35	120	750	130	615
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	405	135	265	2,055	815	1,240
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	30	45	380	165	220
6 Sales and service occupations	420	180	240	2,300	1,110	1,195
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	280	270	10	1,580	1,480	100
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	60	0	295	275	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	30	0	130	115	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,480	1,290	1,190	12,710	6,620	6,085
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	25	20	150	80	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,435	1,270	1,170	12,560	6,540	6,020
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	30	0	30	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	10	835	660	175
22 Utilities	0	10	0	65	45	15
23 Construction	195	165	35	620	525	95
31-33 Manufacturing	80	55	25	130	105	30
41 Wholesale trade	125	100	30	175	145	30
44-45 Retail trade	195	85	105	1,185	645	540
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	65	40	20	920	705	210
51 Information and cultural industries	60	45	15	370	190	185
52 Finance and insurance	80	30	50	280	90	195
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	15	10	190	85	105
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200	125	75	720	365	355
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	15	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	45	30	440	245	195
61 Educational services	185	40	145	760	200	560
62 Health care and social assistance	245	50	195	1,130	215	915
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	60	20	155	80	75
72 Accommodation and food services	120	45	75	730	355	375
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	35	65	490	225	265
91 Public administration	550	295	255	3,320	1,630	1,695
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,365	1,240	1,120	11,955	6,205	5,755
Worked at home	150	50	95	425	195	230
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	250	210	35	950	740	210
Worked at usual place	1,955	970	980	10,575	5,270	5,305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,960	970	985	10,575	5,270	5,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	355	100	255	10,000	4,865	5,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	15	20	355	300	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,500	810	690	120	55	70
Commute to a different province or territory	75	45	25	95	50	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,205	1,185	1,020	11,525	6,005	5,515
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,845	1,055	790	6,895	3,680	3,220
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	160	45	120	1,160	455	700
Public transit	90	55	35	205	100	105
Walked	75	20	55	2,310	1,030	1,280
Bicycle	0	0	0	270	190	85
Other method	35	15	20	685	550	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,200	1,185	1,020	11,525	6,010	5,520
Less than 15 minutes	405	165	245	7,740	3,925	3,815
15 to 29 minutes	465	260	210	2,885	1,500	1,380
30 to 44 minutes	810	445	365	395	180	215
45 to 59 minutes	390	250	140	145	105	40
60 minutes and over	135	70	65	370	300	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,205	1,185	1,020	11,530	6,005	5,520
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	115	45	435	330	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	510	335	170	1,205	795	415
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	840	425	415	3,780	1,970	1,800
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	320	140	180	4,050	1,805	2,240
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	55	80	820	390	430
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	240	120	125	1,235	715	525
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,675	1,365	1,305	13,580	7,010	6,575
Single responses	2,525	1,290	1,235	13,420	6,930	6,490
Official languages	2,525	1,290	1,240	13,375	6,905	6,475
English	2,365	1,230	1,130	13,210	6,850	6,355
French	165	55	105	165	55	115
Non-official languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	80	70	160	80	80
English and French	145	80	65	50	30	15
English and non-official language	10	0	10	105	45	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,670	1,365	1,305	13,580	7,010	6,570
None	1,860	1,010	850	12,685	6,630	6,055
English	115	40	80	160	55	110
French	680	315	370	490	210	275
Non-official language	10	0	0	235	100	135
Aboriginal	0	0	0	85	35	55
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	150	65	85
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,325	2,170	2,155	19,005	9,580	9,420
Non-movers	3,875	1,955	1,920	15,355	7,770	7,585
Movers	450	210	235	3,650	1,815	1,840
Non-migrants	155	60	95	2,190	1,070	1,115
Migrants	295	155	145	1,465	745	720
Internal migrants	255	135	120	1,260	655	605
Intraprovincial migrants	205	105	100	140	55	90
Interprovincial migrants	50	30	20	1,115	600	515
External migrants	40	20	20	205	90	115
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,150	2,070	2,080	17,880	8,985	8,900
Non-movers	2,665	1,300	1,360	8,550	4,330	4,215
Movers	1,485	765	720	9,330	4,650	4,680
Non-migrants	555	260	300	5,020	2,560	2,460
Migrants	935	510	425	4,310	2,090	2,220
Internal migrants	820	460	360	3,555	1,740	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	670	355	315	435	170	270
Interprovincial migrants	150	110	45	3,115	1,570	1,545
External migrants	110	50	60	765	350	410

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Russell [Population centre], Ontario and Yellowknife, CY [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Russell [Population centre], Ontario and Yellowknife, City [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

Census Profile, 2016 Census Russell [Population centre], Ontario and Yellowknife, City [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Russell [Population centre], Ontario and Yellowknife, City [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories