Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint John--St. Stephen New Brunswick [Economic region]			Holyrood, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick Map : Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	168,389	...	...	2,463	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	172,764	...	...	1,995	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.5	...	...	23.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	79,908	...	...	1,106	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	71,011	...	...	975	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.1	...	...	19.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,374.89	...	...	125.72	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	168,385	81,390	87,000	2,465	1,240	1,225
0 to 14 years	26,785	13,540	13,250	400	215	185
0 to 4 years	8,270	4,150	4,120	140	85	60
5 to 9 years	9,280	4,790	4,495	140	75	65
10 to 14 years	9,235	4,600	4,635	120	60	55
15 to 64 years	109,805	53,525	56,275	1,550	770	775
15 to 19 years	9,860	5,090	4,770	95	50	45
20 to 24 years	9,475	4,855	4,615	95	50	45
25 to 29 years	8,840	4,380	4,455	100	45	55
30 to 34 years	9,125	4,355	4,775	155	70	80
35 to 39 years	9,950	4,740	5,205	160	80	85
40 to 44 years	10,935	5,225	5,710	170	90	75
45 to 49 years	11,525	5,550	5,980	155	80	70
50 to 54 years	13,840	6,630	7,205	170	80	85
55 to 59 years	13,600	6,535	7,065	230	105	120
60 to 64 years	12,655	6,165	6,495	225	115	110
65 years and over	31,800	14,330	17,480	515	255	260
65 to 69 years	11,095	5,385	5,710	205	95	110
70 to 74 years	7,665	3,675	3,990	135	70	65
75 to 79 years	5,355	2,470	2,885	90	55	40
80 to 84 years	3,730	1,555	2,180	45	20	20
85 years and over	3,950	1,245	2,705	35	10	25
85 to 89 years	2,395	830	1,565	20	5	20
90 to 94 years	1,170	340	830	10	0	5
95 to 99 years	330	75	260	5	0	0
100 years and over	55	5	55	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.6	15.2	16.2	17.3	15.1
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.8	64.7	62.9	62.1	63.3
65 years and over	18.9	17.6	20.1	20.9	20.6	21.2
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	1.4	0.8	2.0
Average age of the population	42.7	41.7	43.7	44.1	43.4	44.7
Median age of the population	44.7	43.6	45.6	46.8	46.0	47.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Single-detached house	46,615	...	...	910	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,810	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,765	...	...	65	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,695	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	2,490	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,080	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,290	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	215	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,820	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
1 person	19,970	...	...	200	...	...
2 persons	27,025	...	...	405	...	...
3 persons	11,085	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	8,700	...	...	145	...	...
5 or more persons	4,230	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	164,965	...	...	2,385	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	141,605	67,855	73,755	2,065	1,025	1,040
Married or living common law	83,465	41,700	41,765	1,370	685	685
Married	69,945	34,945	35,000	1,140	575	565
Living common law	13,520	6,755	6,760	230	115	115
Not married and not living common law	58,140	26,150	31,985	695	335	355
Never married	35,290	18,610	16,675	415	240	180
Separated	4,645	2,000	2,640	40	20	20
Divorced	8,875	3,690	5,185	100	50	50
Widowed	9,335	1,855	7,480	130	25	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	49,725	...	...	770	...	...
2 persons	27,780	...	...	425	...	...
3 persons	10,575	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	8,145	...	...	125	...	...
5 or more persons	3,230	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	49,730	...	...	765	...	...
Total couple families	41,070	...	...	680	...	...
Married couples	34,315	...	...	565	...	...
Common-law couples	6,755	...	...	115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	8,660	...	...	90	...	...
Female parent	6,950	...	...	70	...	...
Male parent	1,705	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	41,070	...	...	680	...	...
Couples without children	22,250	...	...	360	...	...
Couples with children	18,820	...	...	315	...	...
1 child	8,280	...	...	155	...	...
2 children	7,505	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	3,040	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	8,660	...	...	90	...	...
1 child	5,530	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	2,290	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	830	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	27,915	12,730	15,180	285	140	145
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
One-census-family households	47,695	...	...	745	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	21,455	...	...	350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	26,240	...	...	395	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,005	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,310	...	...	215	...	...
One-person households	19,975	...	...	200	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,335	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	166,250	80,510	85,740	2,450	1,230	1,220
English only	142,370	70,395	71,975	2,395	1,210	1,190
French only	165	80	90	0	0	0
English and French	22,955	9,650	13,310	55	20	35
Neither English nor French	755	390	360	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	166,250	80,510	85,740	2,450	1,235	1,220
English	159,660	77,420	82,240	2,450	1,225	1,220
French	5,505	2,555	2,950	5	0	0
English and French	360	165	200	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	720	370	345	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,690	2,635	3,050	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.4	3.3	3.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	166,245	80,510	85,735	2,450	1,230	1,220
Single responses	165,045	79,965	85,075	2,450	1,230	1,215
Official languages	159,615	77,215	82,405	2,430	1,225	1,205
English	153,665	74,485	79,180	2,430	1,220	1,210
French	5,950	2,730	3,220	5	0	0
Non-official languages	5,430	2,750	2,675	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,420	2,750	2,670	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	875	490	380	5	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	845	480	365	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	770	435	330	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	40	30	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	55	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	415	160	250	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	20	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	325	130	200	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,210	1,155	1,055	5	5	5
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	175	185	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	350	170	180	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	25	20	0	0	0
Russian	185	85	100	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	605	310	295	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	215	120	95	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	315	150	170	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	55	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	485	275	205	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	300	180	120	5	0	0
Bengali	65	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	50	40	15	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	25	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	185	100	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	80	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	665	335	330	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Romanian	135	70	60	0	0	0
Spanish	345	160	185	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	525	260	265	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	925	465	455	5	0	5
Chinese languages	920	465	455	5	0	5
Cantonese	110	55	55	5	5	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	705	355	350	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	40	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,200	545	660	0	0	0
English and French	745	335	405	0	0	0
English and non-official language	425	190	235	0	5	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	166,250	80,510	85,740	2,450	1,230	1,220
Single responses	164,785	79,845	84,935	2,440	1,225	1,215
Official languages	161,550	78,210	83,335	2,435	1,220	1,215
English	159,420	77,200	82,220	2,435	1,220	1,210
French	2,125	1,015	1,115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,235	1,635	1,600	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,235	1,635	1,600	0	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	735	395	345	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	720	385	335	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	650	350	300	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	35	35	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	35	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	95	105	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	80	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	890	445	450	0	0	0
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	85	80	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	20	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	25	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	150	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	125	70	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	105	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	310	150	160	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Spanish	170	85	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	445	220	220	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	720	375	350	5	0	0
Chinese languages	725	375	350	5	0	0
Cantonese	65	35	30	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	580	290	285	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,465	660	800	10	5	5
English and French	520	225	300	0	0	0
English and non-official language	895	425	475	15	10	5
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	166,245	80,510	85,740	2,450	1,230	1,220
None	158,905	77,130	81,775	2,435	1,225	1,210
English	2,350	1,130	1,220	0	0	5
French	3,400	1,455	1,945	0	5	5
Non-official language	1,465	735	730	10	5	10
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,450	730	725	10	5	5
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	138,245	66,455	71,790	1,985	980	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,500	63,115	68,385	1,920	955	960
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,053	40,217	26,372	39,744	52,659	29,728
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,550	63,120	68,435	1,920	960	960
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,035	35,422	24,460	35,243	43,758	26,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,980	57,365	58,620	1,670	865	810
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,283	38,464	24,015	37,939	52,032	28,608
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,860	39,760	54,105	1,435	645	780
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,444	8,203	6,971	8,325	9,971	7,203
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,335	48,110	46,225	1,400	745	655
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,603	39,297	25,831	41,643	56,448	30,037
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	138,225	66,455	71,770	1,995	1,000	990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,650	63,270	68,380	1,925	975	950
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,531	50,409	33,316	48,889	61,296	36,205
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,695	63,280	68,420	1,930	975	950
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,642	41,013	28,749	40,141	49,560	30,511
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,965	57,520	58,440	1,685	880	805
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,218	49,365	31,214	47,512	58,724	35,268
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,425	40,070	54,355	1,520	715	805
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,511	8,724	8,354	9,384	11,364	7,624
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,340	48,185	46,155	1,390	720	670
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,131	49,494	32,401	50,405	62,760	37,209
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	138,220	66,455	71,765	1,990	1,000	995
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	46,955	25,450	21,510	645	305	340
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,164	56,346	41,376	59,619	67,082	51,707
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,837	66,663	47,394	64,852	74,495	56,199
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.6	89.2	80.4	85.9	88.5	81.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.8	74.8	65.2	75.2	79.3	68.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.4	10.8	19.6	13.8	11.0	18.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	138,240	66,455	71,785	1,985	985	1,005
Without total income	6,740	3,340	3,400	65	25	45
With total income	131,500	63,115	68,385	1,920	955	960
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.0	95.3	96.7	97.0	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,240	7,455	10,790	220	75	140
$10,000 to $19,999	22,520	8,155	14,360	310	110	195
$20,000 to $29,999	21,330	8,085	13,245	250	100	150
$30,000 to $39,999	17,050	7,690	9,360	195	95	100
$40,000 to $49,999	14,180	7,020	7,160	215	85	125
$50,000 to $59,999	10,005	5,795	4,205	160	85	80
$60,000 to $69,999	7,255	4,555	2,705	95	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	5,610	3,195	2,410	95	65	35
$80,000 to $89,999	4,145	2,460	1,690	85	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	2,875	1,995	875	75	50	30
$100,000 and over	8,290	6,710	1,580	235	200	35
$100,000 to $149,999	5,930	4,760	1,170	160	135	30
$150,000 and over	2,360	1,950	410	70	65	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	138,240	66,455	71,785	1,985	985	1,005
Without after-tax income	6,690	3,335	3,355	65	25	45
With after-tax income	131,550	63,120	68,435	1,915	955	960
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.0	95.3	96.5	97.0	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,980	7,565	11,410	225	75	155
$10,000 to $19,999	23,935	8,745	15,190	320	120	205
$20,000 to $29,999	24,990	9,890	15,105	295	120	175
$30,000 to $39,999	20,605	9,795	10,810	240	120	120
$40,000 to $49,999	15,005	8,360	6,645	240	105	135
$50,000 to $59,999	9,700	5,920	3,780	150	105	45
$60,000 to $69,999	6,820	3,995	2,825	125	70	55
$70,000 to $79,999	4,260	3,000	1,260	110	65	40
$80,000 and over	7,255	5,850	1,410	210	185	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,425	1,915	510	65	55	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,580	1,285	295	40	35	10
$100,000 and over	3,255	2,655	605	100	100	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	138,240	66,455	71,785	1,985	980	1,000
Without employment income	43,900	18,350	25,560	585	240	345
With employment income	94,335	48,105	46,230	1,395	740	655
Percentage with employment income	68.2	72.4	64.4	70.3	75.5	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,345	5,805	6,545	195	80	115
$5,000 to $9,999	7,410	3,125	4,285	85	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	12,765	5,210	7,550	175	75	95
$20,000 to $29,999	12,835	5,175	7,665	120	45	70
$30,000 to $39,999	10,985	5,105	5,885	115	50	60
$40,000 to $49,999	9,245	4,570	4,680	110	40	75
$50,000 to $59,999	6,650	3,950	2,700	100	50	50
$60,000 to $69,999	5,240	3,270	1,970	85	45	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,550	2,480	2,070	75	50	25
$80,000 and over	12,300	9,410	2,890	340	260	85
$80,000 to $89,999	3,315	2,020	1,300	75	40	35
$90,000 to $99,999	2,335	1,725	605	60	40	20
$100,000 and over	6,650	5,670	985	205	185	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,569	...	...	87,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,136	...	...	73,088	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,970	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,800	...	...	28,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,233	...	...	25,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	51,040	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,219	...	...	106,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,927	...	...	87,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,995	...	...	96,665	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,246	...	...	79,367	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,980	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,988	...	...	37,824	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,217	...	...	32,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	51,035	...	...	780	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,264	...	...	111,499	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,784	...	...	91,239	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Under $5,000	1,005	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,775	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,520	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,665	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,770	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,355	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,640	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,500	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,345	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,240	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,815	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,205	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,795	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,075	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,545	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,770	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,705	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,540	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,630	...	...	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,895	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Under $5,000	1,035	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,810	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,555	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,855	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,245	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,805	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,240	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,195	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,960	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,770	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,870	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,150	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,205	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,205	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,530	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,575	...	...	320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,045	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,260	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,275	...	...	85	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	49,350	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,358	...	...	106,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,963	...	...	86,955	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	20,945	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,811	...	...	85,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,704	...	...	72,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,085	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,294	...	...	133,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,225	...	...	110,165	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	8,050	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,553	...	...	54,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,250	...	...	50,496	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	49,385	...	...	755	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,454	...	...	110,527	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,846	...	...	90,418	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	21,020	...	...	355	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,936	...	...	93,625	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,638	...	...	77,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,125	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,345	...	...	150,521	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,857	...	...	121,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,015	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,733	...	...	60,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,973	...	...	51,959	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,905	11,455	13,450	235	120	120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,231	31,042	26,775	28,256	34,688	25,728
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,997	27,759	25,076	25,408	30,816	24,320
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,800	11,195	13,605	265	155	105
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,352	39,897	33,434	40,757	44,309	35,402
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,930	33,043	29,190	34,417	37,374	29,958
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	164,965	79,955	85,010	2,385	1,195	1,185
In the bottom half of the distribution	91,800	42,940	48,860	925	435	485
In the bottom decile	18,930	8,855	10,080	130	55	75
In the second decile	19,520	8,570	10,950	225	100	130
In the third decile	18,225	8,450	9,775	170	85	85
In the fourth decile	17,935	8,650	9,285	215	110	105
In the fifth decile	17,195	8,415	8,780	175	90	90
In the top half of the distribution	73,165	37,015	36,150	1,460	760	705
In the sixth decile	16,680	8,330	8,350	230	115	110
In the seventh decile	16,440	8,220	8,225	290	150	140
In the eighth decile	15,515	7,790	7,725	275	140	135
In the ninth decile	14,475	7,430	7,045	345	180	165
In the top decile	10,050	5,245	4,805	320	175	145
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	164,965	79,950	85,010	2,385	1,195	1,190
0 to 17 years	32,565	16,490	16,075	460	245	215
0 to 5 years	10,030	5,025	5,000	180	95	80
18 to 64 years	102,890	49,840	53,055	1,470	725	745
65 years and over	29,510	13,625	15,880	460	225	235
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	28,765	13,005	15,760	240	105	135
0 to 17 years	7,815	3,970	3,840	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	2,755	1,400	1,360	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	15,905	7,100	8,805	125	55	70
65 years and over	5,050	1,935	3,110	70	25	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.4	16.3	18.5	10.1	8.8	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	24.1	23.9	9.8	8.2	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	27.5	27.9	27.2	8.3	5.3	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.2	16.6	8.5	7.6	9.4
65 years and over (%)	17.1	14.2	19.6	15.2	11.1	17.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,960	6,265	6,690	50	20	30
0 to 17 years	3,400	1,760	1,640	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	1,280	650	635	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,885	4,230	4,655	40	15	25
65 years and over	670	275	395	0	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.9	7.8	7.9	2.1	1.7	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4	10.7	10.2	1.1	0.0	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	12.9	12.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.5	8.8	2.7	2.1	3.4
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.0	2.5	0.0	2.2	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,195	1,185
Official languages	164,235	79,590	84,645	2,380	1,195	1,185
English	164,045	79,530	84,515	2,385	1,195	1,185
French	22,985	9,830	13,155	60	20	35
Non-official languages	7,650	3,795	3,855	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	50	0	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	10	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	0	35	0	0	0
Malecite	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	0	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,605	3,790	3,815	15	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	985	525	460	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	970	515	455	0	0	0
Amharic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Arabic	805	445	365	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	145	60	85	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	160	75	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	75	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	475	175	300	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	100	45	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	0	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	420	155	260	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kannada	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	20	0	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,650	1,835	1,815	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	505	275	235	0	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	495	265	230	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	85	45	40	0	0	0
Russian	280	145	135	10	0	0
Serbian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	945	430	515	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	0	20	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	240	120	125	0	0	0
Frisian	15	15	10	0	0	0
German	660	310	355	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	80	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	695	415	275	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	430	260	170	0	0	0
Bengali	60	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	305	180	120	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	45	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	115	80	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	280	165	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	230	140	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,500	685	815	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	70	70	10	0	0
Portuguese	120	55	60	0	0	0
Romanian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Spanish	1,150	510	645	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	550	290	260	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	40	35	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	410	150	260	0	0	0
American Sign Language	190	70	125	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	230	85	145	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,085	575	505	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,085	580	505	0	0	0
Cantonese	195	70	120	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	840	455	390	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	110	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	45	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	40	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	45	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,195	1,185
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	160,135	77,550	82,580	2,380	1,190	1,185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	31,690	16,100	15,590	440	225	210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	128,440	61,455	66,995	1,945	970	975
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,830	2,425	2,405	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,185
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	155,250	75,160	80,085	2,355	1,180	1,180
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,800	4,245	4,550	20	20	10
Before 1981	3,205	1,445	1,755	15	10	0
1981 to 1990	785	405	380	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	725	370	350	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,695	865	830	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	510	255	260	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,185	610	575	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,390	1,155	1,230	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	920	565	350	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,800	4,245	4,550	25	15	10
Under 5 years	1,275	595	680	10	10	10
5 to 14 years	1,730	860	875	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	1,460	710	750	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,490	1,635	1,850	0	0	0
45 years and over	845	450	395	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,795	4,250	4,555	25	15	10
Americas	2,285	1,065	1,220	0	0	10
Brazil	15	15	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	45	10	40	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	25	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,860	845	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	225	125	100	0	0	0
Europe	3,020	1,460	1,560	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	15	10	0	0	0
France	60	30	30	10	0	0
Germany	280	120	160	0	0	0
Greece	75	45	30	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	0	30	0	0	0
Italy	35	30	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	220	130	90	0	0	0
Poland	55	25	25	0	0	0
Portugal	45	30	15	0	0	0
Romania	130	55	70	0	0	0
Russian Federation	70	35	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	75	35	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,690	785	900	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	180	85	95	10	0	0
Africa	385	195	195	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	10	15	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	215	100	120	0	0	0
Asia	3,030	1,495	1,535	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	685	355	330	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	10	0	0	0
India	230	135	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	170	105	65	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	35	0	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	485	245	240	0	0	0
Lebanon	85	45	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	50	25	0	0	0
Philippines	375	145	235	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	370	190	175	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	55	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	290	130	160	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,390	1,160	1,230	0	0	0
Americas	225	115	115	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	185	100	90	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	240	100	140	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	10	35	0	0	0
Africa	150	75	75	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	30	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	15	40	0	0	0
Asia	1,745	855	890	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	500	275	225	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	80	55	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	115	55	65	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	180	85	95	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	35	30	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	205	70	135	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	345	175	175	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	20	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,195	1,185
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,405	5,150	5,255	35	25	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,750	5,490	6,265	40	15	25
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	142,810	69,340	73,470	2,310	1,150	1,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,745	2,895	2,850	10	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,300	1,650	1,645	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,310	835	470	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,995	820	1,175	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,555	745	810	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	870	490	380	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,185
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,035	1,445	1,590	65	30	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,880	1,370	1,510	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,705	810	900	30	15	20
Métis	1,115	540	580	25	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	25	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	85	55	30	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	161,930	78,525	83,405	2,315	1,170	1,150
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,185
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	715	345	375	15	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	164,250	79,630	84,620	2,370	1,195	1,175
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,185
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	620	280	335	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	605	275	325	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	485	210	270	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	80	35	45	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,865	3,230	3,635	110	40	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,645	3,155	3,490	110	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,445	2,590	2,860	80	30	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,090	540	550	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	25	85	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	215	75	140	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	65	135	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	157,480	76,465	81,015	2,260	1,140	1,120
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,185
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,555	3,295	3,260	10	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	660	370	285	0	0	0
Chinese	1,180	615	565	0	0	0
Black	1,850	935	920	0	0	10
Filipino	535	220	315	0	10	0
Latin American	270	110	160	0	0	0
Arab	660	355	310	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	225	90	130	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	300	185	115	0	0	0
Korean	530	280	250	0	0	0
Japanese	70	15	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	170	70	105	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	158,410	76,680	81,730	2,375	1,195	1,185
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	164,965	79,975	84,990	2,385	1,200	1,190
North American Aboriginal origins	7,485	3,510	3,975	120	55	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,160	2,880	3,280	85	35	50
Inuit	170	70	100	10	10	10
Métis	1,400	655	750	30	15	15
Other North American origins	81,535	39,590	41,945	1,350	665	680
Acadian	2,095	1,065	1,035	0	0	0
American	2,185	1,100	1,085	10	10	0
Canadian	79,025	38,335	40,690	1,335	655	680
New Brunswicker	45	20	25	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	200	80	115	25	15	10
Nova Scotian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	20	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	112,740	54,235	58,500	1,280	660	625
British Isles origins	97,520	46,705	50,810	1,230	630	600
Channel Islander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	20	15	0	0	0	0
English	53,525	25,565	27,960	635	325	310
Irish	47,805	22,325	25,485	840	445	395
Manx	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	41,235	19,615	21,615	195	85	110
Welsh	3,230	1,495	1,735	25	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,160	1,395	1,760	35	20	10
French origins	29,695	14,005	15,690	100	45	50
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	29,695	14,010	15,690	95	50	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,665	6,525	7,145	30	0	20
Austrian	335	195	145	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	250	100	145	0	0	0
Dutch	4,430	2,045	2,385	0	0	0
Flemish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	30	15	15	0	0	0
German	9,220	4,415	4,805	30	10	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	265	135	125	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,435	1,750	1,680	20	25	0
Danish	1,170	600	570	10	0	0
Finnish	85	50	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	90	50	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,300	650	655	15	20	0
Swedish	705	395	310	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	245	120	125	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,445	1,720	1,720	25	10	10
Bulgarian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	115	90	25	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	385	185	195	0	0	0
Latvian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,000	515	485	10	10	0
Romanian	295	145	145	0	0	0
Russian	690	295	390	0	0	0
Slovak	65	40	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,090	540	545	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,635	1,730	1,910	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	45	105	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	405	230	175	0	0	0
Italian	1,790	870	925	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Maltese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	510	230	280	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	765	365	405	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	430	230	200	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	215	110	105	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	190	110	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	610	270	340	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	55	25	35	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	170	65	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	10	25	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	25	35	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	410	190	220	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	20	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	140	60	85	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,505	780	725	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	300	175	120	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	60	40	15	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	50	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins	145	90	55	0	0	0
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	15	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	60	40	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	175	95	75	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	945	450	490	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	130	50	80	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	815	405	410	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,790	2,910	2,880	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,260	1,170	1,090	0	0	0
Afghan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	225	100	125	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	210	120	90	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Israeli	70	30	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,005	500	510	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	45	40	10	0	0	0
Syrian	530	285	250	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	15	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	20	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	795	415	380	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	25	25	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	590	275	310	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	45	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,740	1,325	1,415	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,345	695	660	0	0	0
Filipino	550	215	335	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	105	30	75	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	535	285	250	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	80	85	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	150	70	85	0	0	0
Australian	100	40	55	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	20	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	71,015	...	...	975	...	...
Owner	51,880	...	...	840	...	...
Renter	19,130	...	...	135	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Condominium	1,975	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	69,040	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
No bedrooms	185	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,550	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	18,280	...	...	140	...	...
3 bedrooms	28,425	...	...	550	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,570	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,045	...	...	80	...	...
5 rooms	11,565	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	11,615	...	...	155	...	...
7 rooms	10,355	...	...	130	...	...
8 or more rooms	23,430	...	...	450	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
One person or fewer per room	70,670	...	...	965	...	...
More than 1 person per room	340	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	71,015	...	...	975	...	...
Suitable	69,370	...	...	960	...	...
Not suitable	1,640	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
1960 or before	20,945	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	22,085	...	...	285	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,655	...	...	175	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,530	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,390	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,505	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,895	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	64,990	...	...	930	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,025	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	71,015	...	...	975	...	...
1 household maintainer	43,595	...	...	525	...	...
2 household maintainers	26,615	...	...	440	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	795	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	71,010	...	...	975	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,265	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,680	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	11,295	...	...	170	...	...
45 to 54 years	14,290	...	...	170	...	...
55 to 64 years	15,185	...	...	230	...	...
65 to 74 years	11,255	...	...	195	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,905	...	...	85	...	...
85 years and over	2,135	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	70,435	...	...	975	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	57,825	...	...	820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,610	...	...	155	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,180	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	51,575	...	...	840	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.2	...	...	56.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.2	...	...	10.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	833	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	948	...	...	1,113	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,289	...	...	299,224	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	192,075	...	...	304,102	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,120	...	...	135	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.4	...	...	29.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.2	...	...	48.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	701	...	...	804	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	727	...	...	936	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	138,225	66,455	71,770	1,995	1,005	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,365	13,020	12,345	320	180	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	43,175	20,005	23,170	390	180	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	69,685	33,430	36,255	1,285	645	640
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,135	9,155	2,980	335	260	80
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,610	3,345	2,270	145	75	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,520	5,810	715	195	185	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	31,760	12,960	18,795	580	230	350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,420	890	1,525	85	45	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,375	10,420	12,955	285	110	170
Bachelor's degree	16,650	7,065	9,585	200	90	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,515	665	855	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	605	400	205	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,145	1,995	2,150	60	15	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	450	290	160	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,595	42,930	46,665	1,320	640	680
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,350	5,215	4,135	150	95	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,695	13,160	14,540	190	80	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,545	24,555	27,990	985	460	525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,160	6,190	1,970	225	175	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,695	2,190	1,510	95	50	50
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,460	4,000	465	130	125	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,235	9,950	14,290	475	195	280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,585	605	975	50	15	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,575	7,815	10,760	230	80	150
Bachelor's degree	13,355	5,490	7,870	160	70	90
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,140	435	705	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	435	255	180	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,310	1,450	1,860	50	10	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	330	190	145	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	138,220	66,455	71,770	1,990	1,005	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	68,535	33,020	35,515	710	355	350
Education	5,335	1,425	3,905	110	30	80
13. Education	5,335	1,430	3,905	110	30	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,325	680	645	25	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	335	270	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	995	415	585	30	10	20
Humanities	2,965	1,215	1,750	55	45	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	150	35	120	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	580	160	420	10	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	660	215	440	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	125	55	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	640	380	265	0	10	0
54. History	600	270	330	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	30	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,900	1,515	3,385	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	330	150	185	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,105	75	1,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	765	315	450	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	45	125	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,190	305	885	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,315	630	690	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	15,640	4,450	11,185	250	20	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	10	55	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,290	205	1,085	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,290	4,240	10,050	235	20	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,015	960	1,060	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	880	355	520	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	570	265	305	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	355	255	105	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	195	70	125	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,570	1,535	1,030	50	10	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,310	1,415	895	45	10	40
25. Library science	85	25	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	85	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,495	16,430	1,065	440	390	50
04. Architecture and related services	125	80	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,170	1,885	285	45	40	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,540	3,155	385	80	55	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,910	4,800	105	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,560	4,380	175	80	75	0
48. Precision production	2,190	2,125	65	110	100	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,090	740	355	30	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	365	305	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	425	375	55	25	20	0
Health and related fields	11,245	1,595	9,645	135	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	490	225	260	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,545	1,220	9,325	135	20	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	210	150	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,090	2,870	2,215	120	65	50
12. Personal and culinary services	2,485	490	2,000	60	15	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	45	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,050	930	115	20	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,505	1,400	100	40	40	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,595	42,925	46,665	1,320	640	680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	37,050	18,375	18,675	340	180	160
Education	3,470	805	2,665	80	20	65
13. Education	3,470	805	2,665	80	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,000	500	500	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	220	175	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	780	325	455	20	0	15
Humanities	2,135	810	1,330	35	30	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	30	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	445	115	330	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	460	140	320	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	85	40	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	425	245	185	0	0	0
54. History	460	185	275	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	15	100	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,965	1,190	2,775	30	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	300	135	165	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	880	70	810	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	615	220	400	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	40	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	970	250	720	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,035	475	560	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	12,150	3,455	8,695	195	15	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	10	55	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	985	160	825	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,110	3,290	7,820	180	10	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,470	655	810	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	670	245	425	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	400	180	220	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	255	175	75	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	45	85	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,170	1,325	845	45	10	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,995	1,250	745	45	10	35
25. Library science	55	20	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	50	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,725	11,830	890	305	270	35
04. Architecture and related services	100	55	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,675	1,410	265	25	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,815	2,490	325	60	35	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,560	3,460	100	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,130	3,000	125	50	45	10
48. Precision production	1,445	1,420	30	85	85	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	570	320	30	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	565	300	265	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	320	265	50	25	25	0
Health and related fields	8,675	1,210	7,470	105	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	430	190	235	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,095	915	7,180	105	15	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	155	100	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,890	2,200	1,690	100	50	50
12. Personal and culinary services	1,875	385	1,490	55	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	775	680	100	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,215	1,125	95	30	30	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	138,220	66,455	71,770	1,990	1,000	995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	68,535	33,020	35,510	710	360	350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	69,690	33,430	36,255	1,285	645	640
Location of study inside Canada	65,485	31,235	34,240	1,275	635	640
Same as province or territory of residence	51,755	24,135	27,620	1,175	585	595
Different than province or territory of residence	13,725	7,100	6,625	95	50	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,205	2,195	2,010	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,480	785	695	0	0	0
Philippines	250	90	160	0	10	0
India	110	45	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	745	470	275	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	295	130	170	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other	1,310	650	660	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,595	42,930	46,665	1,320	640	685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,050	18,370	18,675	340	180	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,545	24,560	27,990	985	460	525
Location of study inside Canada	49,405	23,030	26,375	980	455	525
Same as province or territory of residence	39,190	17,985	21,210	895	415	475
Different than province or territory of residence	10,215	5,045	5,170	90	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,140	1,525	1,620	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	995	485	515	0	0	0
Philippines	235	80	160	10	0	0
India	90	35	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	400	235	170	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	295	130	160	0	0	0
France	15	20	0	0	0	0
Other	1,100	545	560	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	138,220	66,455	71,770	1,995	1,005	990
In the labour force	86,035	44,190	41,845	1,185	585	595
Employed	77,285	38,775	38,515	1,060	505	560
Unemployed	8,745	5,410	3,335	125	85	40
Not in the labour force	52,190	22,265	29,920	810	415	395
Participation rate	62.2	66.5	58.3	59.4	58.2	60.1
Employment rate	55.9	58.3	53.7	53.1	50.2	56.6
Unemployment rate	10.2	12.2	8.0	10.5	14.5	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	138,225	66,455	71,770	1,995	1,005	990
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	48,055	20,330	27,725	695	335	355
Worked	90,170	46,125	44,045	1,300	665	635
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	47,940	26,115	21,825	655	305	345
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	42,230	20,010	22,225	645	355	290
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.4	42.4	40.7	39.8	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	86,030	44,190	41,845	1,185	590	595
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,885	1,015	875	15	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	84,150	43,175	40,975	1,170	580	590
Employee	77,105	38,825	38,280	1,085	540	545
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,040	4,350	2,690	85	45	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	86,030	44,190	41,845	1,180	590	595
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,885	1,015	870	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	84,150	43,175	40,975	1,170	580	590
0 Management occupations	7,910	4,775	3,130	130	70	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,000	3,385	8,620	160	20	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,220	4,025	1,195	95	75	20
3 Health occupations	7,210	1,030	6,180	95	10	90
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,545	2,875	6,675	135	20	110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,425	665	760	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	20,850	8,525	12,325	175	60	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,180	12,480	695	285	265	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,005	2,585	425	45	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,800	2,835	960	30	15	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	86,030	44,190	41,845	1,180	590	595
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,885	1,015	870	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	84,145	43,175	40,970	1,165	575	590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,945	2,245	700	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,225	1,055	165	65	55	10
22 Utilities	1,345	1,090	255	10	10	0
23 Construction	6,605	5,980	625	210	195	20
31-33 Manufacturing	6,790	4,960	1,830	50	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	3,140	2,010	1,130	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,070	4,420	5,655	90	30	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,735	2,780	950	45	30	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,525	845	680	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,765	965	1,805	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,025	585	445	20	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,800	2,585	2,210	70	35	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	25	55	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,095	2,795	2,295	40	15	20
61 Educational services	5,225	1,640	3,595	90	15	75
62 Health care and social assistance	11,980	1,745	10,240	175	15	160
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,265	675	600	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	5,720	2,080	3,640	75	25	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,980	1,965	2,020	45	15	30
91 Public administration	4,830	2,755	2,070	90	35	60
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	77,285	38,775	38,510	1,055	500	555
Worked at home	4,235	2,025	2,210	55	25	35
Worked outside Canada	340	225	120	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,955	6,665	2,285	235	180	55
Worked at usual place	63,755	29,860	33,895	770	300	470
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	63,755	29,860	33,890	775	305	470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,825	14,065	17,755	185	55	135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,575	5,665	6,910	555	220	340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	18,515	9,500	9,015	25	20	0
Commute to a different province or territory	835	630	210	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	72,705	36,520	36,180	1,005	480	525
Car, truck, van - as a driver	59,445	30,625	28,825	825	370	450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	6,220	2,520	3,700	70	20	50
Public transit	2,455	1,065	1,390	30	25	0
Walked	3,595	1,725	1,870	35	20	20
Bicycle	135	95	40	0	0	0
Other method	860	495	365	45	35	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	72,705	36,525	36,180	1,000	475	525
Less than 15 minutes	27,590	12,645	14,945	190	60	130
15 to 29 minutes	28,765	14,420	14,345	230	105	125
30 to 44 minutes	9,640	5,295	4,345	320	160	160
45 to 59 minutes	3,810	2,205	1,605	150	75	80
60 minutes and over	2,900	1,960	940	110	80	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	72,705	36,525	36,185	1,000	475	525
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,240	3,070	1,175	75	50	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,000	7,695	5,305	185	105	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	23,620	11,895	11,725	310	155	155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,940	5,925	9,020	210	50	160
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,260	2,300	3,965	75	25	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,640	5,645	4,995	145	90	55
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	92,680	47,325	45,360	1,330	670	655
Single responses	91,950	47,010	44,940	1,325	670	655
Official languages	91,650	46,840	44,805	1,325	675	655
English	90,845	46,590	44,250	1,325	675	650
French	800	250	555	0	0	0
Non-official languages	300	165	140	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	300	165	135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	50	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	45	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	60	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	45	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	735	315	415	0	0	0
English and French	630	260	375	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	55	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	92,680	47,325	45,360	1,325	670	650
None	87,845	45,535	42,310	1,310	665	645
English	685	225	460	0	0	0
French	3,720	1,345	2,375	15	10	10
Non-official language	380	185	200	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	375	180	200	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	30	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	163,310	79,165	84,145	2,370	1,185	1,180
Non-movers	144,245	69,935	74,315	2,120	1,060	1,060
Movers	19,065	9,235	9,825	250	125	120
Non-migrants	11,345	5,325	6,020	40	15	30
Migrants	7,720	3,910	3,805	210	110	95
Internal migrants	6,620	3,305	3,315	210	115	95
Intraprovincial migrants	4,545	2,215	2,335	170	90	80
Interprovincial migrants	2,075	1,090	985	40	20	15
External migrants	1,105	605	495	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	156,580	75,820	80,770	2,255	1,135	1,125
Non-movers	107,350	52,385	54,965	1,590	800	790
Movers	49,230	23,430	25,800	670	335	335
Non-migrants	29,015	13,630	15,385	165	70	90
Migrants	20,220	9,800	10,420	505	260	245
Internal migrants	17,420	8,310	9,110	505	260	245
Intraprovincial migrants	12,520	5,825	6,695	435	225	205
Interprovincial migrants	4,895	2,485	2,410	70	30	35
External migrants	2,800	1,490	1,310	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick and Holyrood, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador