Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Edmundston--Woodstock New Brunswick [Economic region]			Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick Map : Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	77,578	...	...	731^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	80,362	...	...	757	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.5	...	...	-3.4^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,775	...	...	726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33,429	...	...	353	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.3	...	...	0.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,280.17	...	...	780.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	77,575	37,855	39,725	730	380	350
0 to 14 years	11,375	5,765	5,605	40	25	20
0 to 4 years	3,410	1,750	1,655	10	10	5
5 to 9 years	3,975	1,985	1,990	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	3,990	2,035	1,960	20	10	15
15 to 64 years	49,880	24,595	25,285	460	245	225
15 to 19 years	4,285	2,170	2,110	20	15	10
20 to 24 years	3,605	1,805	1,805	15	10	10
25 to 29 years	3,440	1,735	1,700	20	5	5
30 to 34 years	3,860	1,840	2,020	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	4,320	2,125	2,190	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	4,810	2,430	2,380	25	20	5
45 to 49 years	5,230	2,535	2,695	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	6,405	3,110	3,295	80	50	40
55 to 59 years	7,275	3,560	3,715	90	40	55
60 to 64 years	6,650	3,280	3,370	120	70	55
65 years and over	16,325	7,485	8,835	230	115	115
65 to 69 years	5,945	2,930	3,020	85	40	45
70 to 74 years	3,815	1,905	1,910	65	35	35
75 to 79 years	2,675	1,185	1,490	35	15	20
80 to 84 years	1,965	820	1,150	25	15	10
85 years and over	1,915	650	1,270	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	1,165	420	745	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	585	185	400	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	145	35	110	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.2	14.1	5.5	6.6	5.7
15 to 64 years	64.3	65.0	63.7	63.0	64.5	64.3
65 years and over	21.0	19.8	22.2	31.5	30.3	32.9
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.2	2.1	1.3	2.9
Average age of the population	44.7	43.9	45.5	55.1	54.5	55.8
Median age of the population	48.0	47.0	48.9	59.2	59.4	59.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
Single-detached house	25,605	...	...	340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,640	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	850	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	880	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,095	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,650	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	160	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,085	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
1 person	9,550	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	13,540	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	4,860	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	3,790	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	1,685	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	75,560	...	...	730	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	66,205	32,085	34,120	690	355	335
Married or living common law	40,785	20,390	20,390	490	250	240
Married	31,535	15,785	15,750	420	215	210
Living common law	9,250	4,610	4,640	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	25,420	11,690	13,730	200	110	95
Never married	14,590	7,990	6,600	95	65	35
Separated	2,090	925	1,160	10	5	5
Divorced	3,670	1,700	1,970	30	20	15
Widowed	5,075	1,070	4,000	65	20	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,455	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	13,860	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	4,685	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	3,610	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	1,305	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,455	...	...	265	...	...
Total couple families	20,045	...	...	240	...	...
Married couples	15,430	...	...	205	...	...
Common-law couples	4,620	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,410	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	2,665	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	745	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,045	...	...	245	...	...
Couples without children	11,690	...	...	185	...	...
Couples with children	8,360	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	3,750	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	3,375	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	1,235	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,405	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	2,170	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	935	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	305	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,395	5,845	6,555	120	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
One-census-family households	22,760	...	...	260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,400	...	...	180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,360	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	340	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,325	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	9,550	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	775	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	76,380	37,370	39,010	730	380	350
English only	32,925	16,455	16,465	715	375	345
French only	13,485	6,420	7,060	0	0	0
English and French	29,890	14,445	15,445	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	90	50	35	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	76,385	37,370	39,010	730	380	350
English	37,540	18,425	19,115	725	380	350
French	38,515	18,765	19,750	5	0	0
English and French	250	140	110	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	85	45	35	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	38,640	18,835	19,805	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	50.6	50.4	50.8	0.7	0.0	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	76,380	37,375	39,010	730	375	350
Single responses	75,625	37,015	38,615	730	380	350
Official languages	74,140	36,240	37,900	730	375	350
English	36,030	17,665	18,365	730	375	350
French	38,110	18,575	19,535	5	5	5
Non-official languages	1,485	780	705	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	185	85	95	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	185	85	95	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Malecite	170	80	90	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,305	690	610	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	80	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	75	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	70	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	20	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	890	470	425	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	120	90	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	105	80	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	120	65	50	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	190	180	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	120	65	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	200	100	95	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	125	130	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	755	360	400	0	0	0
English and French	620	290	330	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	45	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	76,380	37,375	39,010	730	380	350
Single responses	75,375	36,860	38,510	730	380	350
Official languages	74,655	36,465	38,195	730	380	350
English	37,435	18,330	19,105	730	380	355
French	37,220	18,130	19,085	0	0	0
Non-official languages	715	400	320	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Malecite	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	685	385	305	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	35	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	255	210	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	90	70	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	75	60	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	55	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Spanish	55	35	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,010	510	500	5	0	0
English and French	740	370	370	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	110	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	76,380	37,375	39,010	730	380	350
None	66,685	32,715	33,975	730	375	350
English	7,045	3,405	3,635	0	0	0
French	1,945	915	1,035	5	0	5
Non-official language	665	320	340	0	0	0
Aboriginal	215	95	120	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	445	230	215	0	0	0
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	64,195	31,315	32,880	690	355	330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,765	30,275	31,490	670	355	315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,498	35,144	23,594	25,152	34,432	19,189
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,780	30,275	31,505	670	355	320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,302	31,358	22,344	24,160	32,320	19,110
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,650	26,860	25,785	505	280	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,041	32,422	21,258	22,080	32,256	14,005
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,705	20,900	25,805	570	290	280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,208	9,017	7,524	12,341	14,416	10,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,225	22,740	20,485	400	230	170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,574	33,393	23,053	25,792	35,840	16,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	64,195	31,365	32,830	675	330	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,735	30,370	31,360	655	330	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,418	41,633	29,400	35,031	44,888	25,216
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,755	30,370	31,385	655	325	330
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,508	35,214	25,955	30,057	37,537	22,610
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,760	27,005	25,755	490	250	235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,529	39,499	27,268	32,095	42,575	20,957
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,660	20,930	25,725	575	265	310
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,946	9,443	8,542	12,782	15,148	10,764
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,230	22,890	20,335	340	190	150
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,861	38,576	28,552	37,185	48,768	22,491
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	64,195	31,365	32,830	670	330	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,775	10,910	8,870	115	75	40
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,388	46,710	36,726	47,995	58,197	27,184
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,233	53,166	42,164	59,477	74,412	33,695
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.7	84.3	75.9	74.1	76.7	62.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.3	70.5	63.1	64.9	69.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.3	15.7	24.1	26.2	21.9	35.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	64,195	31,310	32,880	690	355	335
Without total income	2,430	1,040	1,390	20	0	15
With total income	61,765	30,275	31,490	670	350	315
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.7	95.8	97.1	98.6	94.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,865	3,470	5,395	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	12,375	4,655	7,720	165	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	11,060	4,590	6,470	125	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	9,345	4,805	4,535	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	7,100	4,245	2,860	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	4,350	2,905	1,440	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,760	1,810	950	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,100	1,140	955	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,305	745	560	10	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	720	510	215	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	1,785	1,400	390	60	55	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,290	1,010	285	45	40	5
$150,000 and over	495	395	100	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,195	31,315	32,880	685	355	330
Without after-tax income	2,415	1,040	1,375	20	5	10
With after-tax income	61,780	30,275	31,505	670	350	320
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.7	95.8	97.8	98.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,065	3,505	5,555	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	13,110	4,940	8,170	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	13,285	5,815	7,470	150	60	85
$30,000 to $39,999	10,925	6,140	4,785	85	55	25
$40,000 to $49,999	6,670	4,225	2,445	50	35	10
$50,000 to $59,999	3,690	2,390	1,305	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,340	1,265	1,075	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,065	720	345	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	1,625	1,275	355	55	50	5
$80,000 to $89,999	550	420	135	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	350	280	70	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	725	575	155	25	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	64,195	31,310	32,885	690	355	335
Without employment income	20,970	8,570	12,395	290	125	165
With employment income	43,230	22,740	20,485	400	225	170
Percentage with employment income	67.3	72.6	62.3	58.0	63.4	50.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,955	2,940	3,020	75	35	35
$5,000 to $9,999	3,920	1,610	2,310	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	6,670	3,000	3,670	65	25	35
$20,000 to $29,999	6,560	2,850	3,715	50	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	5,785	3,075	2,705	40	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	4,675	2,885	1,790	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,995	2,050	945	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,035	1,365	670	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,765	900	870	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	2,860	2,070	790	65	60	5
$80,000 to $89,999	980	585	390	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	590	430	160	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,295	1,050	240	50	50	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,974	...	...	53,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,968	...	...	49,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,550	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,777	...	...	23,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,699	...	...	23,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,880	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,439	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,920	...	...	56,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,404	...	...	65,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,361	...	...	56,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,555	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,352	...	...	37,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,412	...	...	31,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,875	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,630	...	...	72,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,545	...	...	62,491	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	33,430	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	845	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,190	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,970	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,900	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,250	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,995	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,710	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,595	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,040	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,675	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,360	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,015	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,995	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,625	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,555	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,220	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	600	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,425	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	855	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,280	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,205	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,210	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,490	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,190	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,000	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,935	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,545	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,010	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,445	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,860	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,745	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,125	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	865	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	755	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,385	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,290	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,806	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,155	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,531	...	...	55,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,034	...	...	50,944	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,455	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,372	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,230	...	...	84,480	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,076	...	...	39,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,619	...	...	38,144	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,480	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,356	...	...	72,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,257	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,180	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,489	...	...	59,882	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,531	...	...	52,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,435	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,364	...	...	126,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,815	...	...	104,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,230	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,245	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,107	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,065	5,265	5,795	100	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,536	27,930	22,751	23,872	33,216	20,544
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,465	25,728	22,230	23,808	29,888	20,544
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	10,935	5,245	5,695	80	40	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,710	34,040	29,566	36,803	36,944	36,657
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,894	29,381	26,526	31,476	30,901	32,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	75,565	37,075	38,485	730	380	350
In the bottom half of the distribution	49,260	23,570	25,695	425	210	215
In the bottom decile	8,660	3,965	4,705	50	20	30
In the second decile	11,570	5,205	6,360	130	60	70
In the third decile	10,415	5,065	5,350	90	50	45
In the fourth decile	9,900	4,975	4,925	105	55	45
In the fifth decile	8,710	4,355	4,350	55	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	26,305	13,510	12,795	305	170	135
In the sixth decile	7,660	3,890	3,775	80	45	35
In the seventh decile	6,975	3,600	3,380	65	35	30
In the eighth decile	5,525	2,845	2,675	55	30	25
In the ninth decile	3,830	1,965	1,865	45	20	25
In the top decile	2,310	1,215	1,095	60	40	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	74,055	36,345	37,710	730	375	350
0 to 17 years	13,550	6,870	6,685	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	4,010	2,070	1,940	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	45,830	22,525	23,305	450	230	215
65 years and over	14,670	6,950	7,720	225	115	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,375	6,460	7,915	140	60	75
0 to 17 years	3,255	1,620	1,635	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,165	600	565	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,450	3,355	4,090	50	25	25
65 years and over	3,670	1,480	2,190	75	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.4	17.8	21.0	19.2	16.0	21.4
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	23.6	24.5	18.2	33.3	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	29.1	29.0	29.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.3	14.9	17.5	11.1	10.9	11.6
65 years and over (%)	25.0	21.3	28.4	33.3	30.4	40.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,040	1,965	2,080	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	785	375	410	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	305	155	150	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,030	1,495	1,535	25	15	10
65 years and over	225	90	130	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	5.4	5.5	3.4	4.0	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	5.5	6.1	9.1	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	7.5	7.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.6	6.6	5.6	6.5	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	75,560	37,075	38,485	710	360	350
Official languages	75,440	37,005	38,435	710	360	350
English	62,390	30,710	31,680	710	360	350
French	42,690	20,615	22,080	15	0	10
Non-official languages	2,525	1,270	1,255	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	410	195	215	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	410	195	215	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	410	195	215	0	0	0
Malecite	395	195	205	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,120	1,075	1,045	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	135	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	205	120	85	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	95	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	140	50	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	55	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	40	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	35	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,425	705	720	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	145	75	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	200	125	70	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	125	75	50	0	0	0
Serbian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	505	235	275	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	85	25	55	0	0	0
Dutch	150	75	80	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	290	150	140	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	650	325	330	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Spanish	480	240	240	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	75,565	37,075	38,485	710	355	350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	73,565	36,180	37,385	705	355	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,730	6,895	6,835	45	40	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	59,840	29,290	30,550	655	315	340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,995	895	1,100	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	75,565	37,080	38,485	710	360	355
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	71,880	35,425	36,460	700	350	350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,260	1,400	1,860	10	10	0
Before 1981	1,430	585	845	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	270	85	185	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	315	135	180	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	625	270	355	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	245	110	130	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	380	160	215	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	620	320	300	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	425	255	165	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,260	1,400	1,860	10	10	0
Under 5 years	650	325	325	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	635	295	345	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	670	200	470	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,030	445	585	10	0	0
45 years and over	275	140	140	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,260	1,400	1,860	10	10	0
Americas	1,900	760	1,145	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,755	690	1,070	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	15	0	10	0
Europe	815	390	425	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	50	40	15	0	0	0
Germany	125	40	85	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	145	75	75	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	100	50	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	195	105	90	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	80	25	50	0	0	0
Africa	165	80	85	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	45	50	0	0	0
Asia	365	165	200	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	125	30	85	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	35	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	620	320	300	0	0	0
Americas	140	70	70	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	55	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	240	130	110	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	70	35	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	20	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	215	100	110	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	25	55	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	75,565	37,080	38,485	710	355	350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,105	1,860	2,245	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,175	2,560	2,620	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	66,285	32,660	33,625	690	350	340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,910	840	1,070	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	975	465	510	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	425	315	110	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	550	150	405	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	835	310	525	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	95	60	30	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	75,565	37,075	38,485	710	360	350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,565	1,785	1,785	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,395	1,735	1,660	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,445	1,185	1,260	30	15	10
Métis	920	525	395	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	145	40	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	71,995	35,295	36,705	685	340	340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	75,560	37,080	38,485	710	360	350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,060	995	1,065	15	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	73,500	36,085	37,415	690	350	340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	75,560	37,075	38,485	710	360	350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,730	855	875	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,700	840	860	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,475	720	755	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	205	110	95	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,020	1,420	1,600	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,905	1,365	1,535	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,260	1,080	1,180	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	285	345	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	115	55	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	50	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	70,805	34,800	36,010	690	350	340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	75,560	37,075	38,485	705	360	350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,120	585	535	10	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	100	60	35	0	0	0
Chinese	90	35	50	0	0	0
Black	395	205	190	10	10	0
Filipino	160	60	100	0	0	0
Latin American	95	50	50	0	0	0
Arab	120	70	50	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	65	35	30	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	74,445	36,495	37,950	705	355	350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	75,560	37,080	38,485	705	360	350
North American Aboriginal origins	4,755	2,280	2,480	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,890	1,870	2,015	20	10	10
Inuit	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	975	455	515	0	0	0
Other North American origins	51,670	25,370	26,300	425	210	215
Acadian	775	365	405	0	0	0
American	1,480	670	810	0	0	0
Canadian	50,685	24,930	25,760	425	210	210
New Brunswicker	35	25	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	75	25	50	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	35,550	17,355	18,200	285	145	145
British Isles origins	22,580	10,960	11,615	280	135	140
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	12,975	6,125	6,850	220	105	110
Irish	9,515	4,480	5,035	125	55	70
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,800	4,340	4,460	45	15	25
Welsh	600	275	325	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	760	385	375	0	0	0
French origins	15,630	7,565	8,070	10	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,625	7,565	8,055	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,620	1,730	1,890	0	0	0
Austrian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Dutch	1,295	625	675	0	0	0
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,250	1,080	1,165	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	120	50	65	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,215	645	575	0	0	0
Danish	835	430	410	0	0	0
Finnish	55	45	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	175	110	75	0	0	0
Swedish	95	55	45	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	25	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	860	395	465	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	35	55	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	225	85	140	0	0	0
Romanian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Russian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	195	105	95	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,015	510	510	15	15	0
Albanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	710	335	375	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	35	50	0	0	0
Serbian	40	30	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	60	45	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	150	90	60	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	50	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	75	35	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	200	120	80	0	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	15	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	85	60	30	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	150	70	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	60	25	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	395	190	200	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	115	60	50	0	0	0
Algerian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	40	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	20	30	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	155	75	85	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Asian origins	695	365	335	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	235	130	105	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	50	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	115	70	45	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	90	60	35	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	335	155	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Filipino	175	75	100	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
Owner	25,300	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	7,890	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	235	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
Condominium	1,160	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	32,270	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,965	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,825	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,100	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,500	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	33,425	...	...	350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,885	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	6,655	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	6,115	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	4,580	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,190	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,245	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	33,425	...	...	350	...	...
Suitable	32,695	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	735	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
1960 or before	9,660	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,900	...	...	140	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,325	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,400	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,700	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,595	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	845	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	33,425	...	...	350	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,225	...	...	325	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,205	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	33,430	...	...	350	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,540	...	...	215	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,540	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	350	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	33,425	...	...	350	...	...
15 to 24 years	850	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,350	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,935	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,440	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,810	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,120	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,055	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,425	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	27,275	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,155	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,660	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	24,685	...	...	340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.1	...	...	20.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.4	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	619	...	...	509	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	752	...	...	705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	119,977	...	...	150,289	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	135,001	...	...	204,638	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,815	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	601	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	615	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	64,195	31,365	32,830	675	335	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,035	8,465	7,575	225	110	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,000	9,600	10,400	205	95	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,160	13,305	14,855	245	125	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,070	4,770	2,305	120	80	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,160	2,470	1,695	50	25	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,910	2,300	610	65	50	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,880	4,940	6,945	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,295	445	855	20	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,915	3,155	4,760	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree	5,700	2,200	3,500	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	200	405	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	330	185	140	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,115	470	645	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	95	65	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	41,540	20,415	21,125	340	160	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,550	3,955	2,600	95	50	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,785	6,740	7,050	110	50	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,200	9,715	11,480	140	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,005	3,335	1,670	55	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,970	1,725	1,245	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,030	1,610	420	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,265	3,815	5,445	70	15	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	870	290	580	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,065	2,275	3,790	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	4,435	1,680	2,755	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	150	315	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	120	135	0	0	0
Master's degree	795	270	530	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	60	50	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	64,195	31,365	32,835	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,035	18,060	17,975	425	205	220
Education	2,595	660	1,930	25	10	15
13. Education	2,590	660	1,930	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	135	250	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	345	110	240	10	0	10
Humanities	825	365	465	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	0	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	65	185	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	265	175	90	0	0	0
54. History	100	60	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	20	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,575	370	1,205	0	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	40	65	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	530	20	510	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	280	75	205	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	285	45	235	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	335	165	160	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	6,135	1,730	4,410	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	515	90	425	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,595	1,630	3,965	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	465	240	230	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	70	100	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	80	75	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	60	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	25	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	615	405	215	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	540	370	165	0	10	0
25. Library science	50	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,765	6,600	160	95	75	15
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	455	425	30	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	885	825	60	15	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,040	2,005	35	35	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,275	2,260	20	25	30	0
48. Precision production	1,070	1,060	10	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,170	960	210	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	565	410	155	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	600	545	55	0	0	10
Health and related fields	5,130	665	4,470	35	10	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	100	135	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,810	510	4,300	35	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	65	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,480	1,165	1,315	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,485	285	1,210	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	410	335	75	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	535	25	20	15	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	41,540	20,415	21,130	345	160	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,340	10,695	9,650	205	95	110
Education	1,630	355	1,275	0	0	0
13. Education	1,630	355	1,275	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	100	205	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	280	85	195	0	0	0
Humanities	560	210	350	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	25	145	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	165	100	65	0	0	0
54. History	75	45	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	10	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,325	310	1,010	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	45	65	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	420	20	400	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	270	70	200	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	225	45	185	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	275	135	140	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,775	1,285	3,490	25	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	415	65	350	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,345	1,210	3,130	30	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	155	175	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	55	75	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	45	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	50	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	525	350	175	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	480	335	145	0	0	0
25. Library science	30	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,975	4,845	140	60	45	15
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	355	325	30	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	725	670	55	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,495	25	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,660	1,650	10	15	15	0
48. Precision production	690	685	10	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	685	195	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	415	270	145	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	470	415	55	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,895	515	3,380	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	170	80	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,650	385	3,260	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	45	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,980	905	1,075	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,170	190	975	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	315	245	65	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	485	460	25	15	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	64,195	31,365	32,830	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,035	18,060	17,975	425	205	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,155	13,305	14,855	245	125	125
Location of study inside Canada	26,510	12,590	13,920	250	130	120
Same as province or territory of residence	21,920	10,455	11,465	220	105	110
Different than province or territory of residence	4,595	2,140	2,455	30	25	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,650	710	935	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	995	390	605	0	0	0
Philippines	75	10	60	0	0	0
India	40	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	15	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	20	0	0	0
France	55	40	10	0	0	0
Other	420	230	190	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	41,540	20,415	21,130	340	165	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,345	10,695	9,645	205	100	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	21,195	9,715	11,480	140	70	70
Location of study inside Canada	19,905	9,205	10,705	140	65	75
Same as province or territory of residence	16,405	7,660	8,745	125	60	65
Different than province or territory of residence	3,500	1,545	1,960	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,295	515	780	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	740	250	485	0	0	0
Philippines	70	10	60	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	0	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	20	0	0	0
France	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other	375	200	175	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	64,195	31,365	32,830	670	330	340
In the labour force	38,490	20,275	18,215	285	150	135
Employed	34,480	17,760	16,725	220	110	105
Unemployed	4,005	2,520	1,490	70	35	30
Not in the labour force	25,705	11,090	14,615	385	180	200
Participation rate	60.0	64.6	55.5	42.5	45.5	39.7
Employment rate	53.7	56.6	50.9	32.8	33.3	30.9
Unemployment rate	10.4	12.4	8.2	24.6	23.3	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	64,195	31,365	32,830	675	335	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	23,620	9,870	13,760	345	150	195
Worked	40,570	21,500	19,075	330	180	150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20,175	11,165	9,015	120	75	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	20,395	10,335	10,055	210	110	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.1	41.4	35.6	36.3	34.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	38,490	20,275	18,215	285	150	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	665	270	395	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	37,825	20,005	17,820	280	145	135
Employee	33,680	17,315	16,365	225	110	110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,150	2,690	1,455	60	35	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	38,490	20,275	18,220	285	150	135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	665	270	395	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	37,825	20,005	17,820	285	145	135
0 Management occupations	3,430	2,300	1,130	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,815	1,205	3,605	25	10	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,405	1,070	335	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	3,110	440	2,670	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,060	950	3,105	0	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	200	235	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	8,165	2,985	5,175	60	15	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,250	6,905	350	65	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,035	1,625	410	40	30	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,115	2,315	800	45	25	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	38,490	20,270	18,215	285	150	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	665	270	395	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	37,825	20,005	17,820	280	145	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,090	2,365	730	35	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	105	0	10	0	0
22 Utilities	190	140	50	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,615	2,345	265	40	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	5,340	4,035	1,300	75	50	25
41 Wholesale trade	970	745	220	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,310	2,055	2,255	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,670	2,040	635	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	630	305	325	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	825	225	600	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	250	125	120	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	915	460	455	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,055	550	505	15	0	10
61 Educational services	2,415	660	1,755	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,620	735	4,885	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	455	220	240	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,375	675	1,700	30	0	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,735	865	870	15	10	0
91 Public administration	2,230	1,345	885	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	34,485	17,755	16,725	220	110	105
Worked at home	2,195	1,085	1,110	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	240	130	105	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,410	3,410	1,005	25	10	15
Worked at usual place	27,635	13,125	14,505	170	95	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,635	13,130	14,510	175	95	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,015	5,190	5,825	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,195	6,270	6,925	115	70	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,005	1,410	1,595	20	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	420	260	165	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,045	16,535	15,510	195	105	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	28,695	14,860	13,840	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,640	725	915	10	0	10
Public transit	170	120	50	0	0	0
Walked	1,025	555	470	10	0	10
Bicycle	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other method	485	275	210	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,045	16,540	15,510	195	105	90
Less than 15 minutes	16,480	7,940	8,540	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	10,155	5,140	5,015	35	20	20
30 to 44 minutes	3,460	2,040	1,420	60	40	25
45 to 59 minutes	825	555	275	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	1,125	855	265	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,045	16,535	15,505	195	100	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,570	1,910	655	55	45	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,825	3,730	2,100	25	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,245	5,515	5,730	45	25	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,460	2,005	3,450	20	0	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,285	705	1,580	10	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,665	2,675	1,990	35	15	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	41,765	22,020	19,740	325	185	145
Single responses	39,710	20,970	18,740	330	180	145
Official languages	39,640	20,940	18,705	325	180	150
English	21,670	11,710	9,960	330	180	145
French	17,970	9,230	8,745	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,055	1,055	1,005	0	0	0
English and French	2,025	1,030	995	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	41,765	22,025	19,740	330	180	145
None	30,280	16,175	14,105	330	180	145
English	9,035	4,570	4,465	0	0	0
French	2,270	1,165	1,100	0	0	0
Non-official language	165	100	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal	65	30	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	105	70	35	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	75,005	36,795	38,210	710	360	350
Non-movers	68,135	33,480	34,655	680	350	335
Movers	6,865	3,315	3,550	25	10	20
Non-migrants	3,455	1,675	1,785	10	0	0
Migrants	3,405	1,645	1,765	20	0	20
Internal migrants	3,070	1,495	1,575	25	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	2,360	1,145	1,215	20	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	710	355	360	0	0	0
External migrants	335	145	185	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	72,210	35,370	36,840	705	355	345
Non-movers	54,000	26,800	27,205	615	315	300
Movers	18,205	8,575	9,635	90	40	50
Non-migrants	9,830	4,620	5,205	15	10	0
Migrants	8,380	3,950	4,430	75	30	45
Internal migrants	7,600	3,530	4,075	75	25	45
Intraprovincial migrants	5,470	2,545	2,925	60	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	2,135	985	1,145	10	10	10
External migrants	780	425	355	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick and Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston--Woodstock [Economic region], New Brunswick and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador