Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Lachute [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cold Lake Alberta [Population centre]			Lachute Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta Map : Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Lachute [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	6,678	...	...	10,082	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,131 ^r	...	...	10,121^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.9	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,809	...	...	5,013	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,487	...	...	4,737	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,271.6	...	...	1,081.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.25	...	...	9.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	6,680	3,435	3,245	10,090	4,830	5,260
0 to 14 years	1,535	780	755	1,330	715	615
0 to 4 years	565	265	295	405	210	190
5 to 9 years	540	295	245	480	260	220
10 to 14 years	425	215	210	450	250	200
15 to 64 years	4,680	2,450	2,230	6,180	3,055	3,130
15 to 19 years	375	195	180	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	480	240	240	545	295	250
25 to 29 years	705	385	315	520	260	260
30 to 34 years	615	320	300	495	245	250
35 to 39 years	535	285	255	490	255	235
40 to 44 years	405	205	205	500	235	265
45 to 49 years	380	185	195	595	275	325
50 to 54 years	505	265	240	850	430	420
55 to 59 years	445	245	200	835	410	425
60 to 64 years	225	125	105	830	385	445
65 years and over	465	205	260	2,575	1,055	1,520
65 to 69 years	150	70	80	745	350	390
70 to 74 years	110	50	60	620	265	350
75 to 79 years	70	30	35	435	195	245
80 to 84 years	60	20	35	340	125	215
85 years and over	75	30	45	440	120	315
85 to 89 years	45	20	20	260	85	180
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	120	25	95
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	40	5	35
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.0	22.7	23.3	13.2	14.8	11.7
15 to 64 years	70.1	71.3	68.7	61.2	63.3	59.5
65 years and over	7.0	6.0	8.0	25.5	21.8	28.9
85 years and over	1.1	0.9	1.4	4.4	2.5	6.0
Average age of the population	33.6	33.3	33.8	46.6	44.2	48.8
Median age of the population	31.9	31.7	32.2	50.3	47.6	52.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,485	...	...	4,740	...	...
Single-detached house	1,890	...	...	2,155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	600	...	...	2,580	...	...
Semi-detached house	125	...	...	145	...	...
Row house	115	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	595	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	345	...	...	1,715	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,485	...	...	4,740	...	...
1 person	530	...	...	1,855	...	...
2 persons	840	...	...	1,715	...	...
3 persons	425	...	...	620	...	...
4 persons	450	...	...	350	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,590	...	...	9,645	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,145	2,655	2,490	8,755	4,110	4,645
Married or living common law	3,365	1,675	1,685	4,245	2,105	2,145
Married	2,635	1,320	1,315	2,515	1,235	1,275
Living common law	730	355	370	1,730	865	865
Not married and not living common law	1,775	980	800	4,510	2,005	2,500
Never married	1,285	785	505	2,615	1,420	1,200
Separated	105	50	55	140	60	75
Divorced	225	110	110	900	345	560
Widowed	165	35	125	850	180	665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,855	...	...	2,720	...	...
2 persons	835	...	...	1,695	...	...
3 persons	405	...	...	555	...	...
4 persons	425	...	...	320	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	155	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,855	...	...	2,725	...	...
Total couple families	1,655	...	...	2,050	...	...
Married couples	1,290	...	...	1,185	...	...
Common-law couples	365	...	...	865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	200	...	...	675	...	...
Female parent	145	...	...	510	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,650	...	...	2,050	...	...
Couples without children	715	...	...	1,265	...	...
Couples with children	940	...	...	785	...	...
1 child	345	...	...	370	...	...
2 children	405	...	...	275	...	...
3 or more children	190	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	675	...	...
1 child	120	...	...	425	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	185	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	970	600	370	2,485	1,120	1,360
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,485	...	...	4,735	...	...
One-census-family households	1,790	...	...	2,650	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	690	...	...	1,240	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,100	...	...	1,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	30	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	660	...	...	2,050	...	...
One-person households	535	...	...	1,850	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	130	...	...	200	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	6,625	3,410	3,215	9,700	4,690	5,010
English only	5,740	2,970	2,770	270	115	160
French only	15	5	15	5,235	2,405	2,830
English and French	850	430	420	4,185	2,170	2,015
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	6,620	3,410	3,215	9,700	4,690	5,010
English	6,250	3,200	3,050	940	425	515
French	340	190	150	8,710	4,235	4,475
English and French	15	15	10	45	30	15
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	350	195	150	960	445	520
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	5.3	5.7	4.7	9.9	9.5	10.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	6,620	3,410	3,215	9,700	4,690	5,010
Single responses	6,545	3,365	3,180	9,565	4,625	4,945
Official languages	6,125	3,160	2,970	9,460	4,570	4,895
English	5,770	2,960	2,815	880	405	475
French	360	200	155	8,585	4,165	4,420
Non-official languages	420	205	210	100	55	45
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	410	205	205	100	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	10	5	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	5	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	5	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	125	115	70	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	5
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	40	45	10	10	5
Afrikaans	20	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	25	20	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	35	20	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	20	5	0	5
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	25	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	10	10	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	20	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	10	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	10	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	40	35	135	70	65
English and French	40	25	15	120	60	60
English and non-official language	40	15	20	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	6,620	3,405	3,215	9,700	4,690	5,010
Single responses	6,525	3,360	3,170	9,535	4,605	4,930
Official languages	6,365	3,280	3,090	9,490	4,580	4,910
English	6,180	3,185	3,000	840	375	465
French	185	95	90	8,650	4,205	4,445
Non-official languages	160	85	80	45	20	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	165	80	80	45	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	35	30	20	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	10	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	0	0	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	50	45	165	85	80
English and French	25	15	10	130	70	65
English and non-official language	70	30	40	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	6,625	3,410	3,215	9,700	4,690	5,010
None	6,050	3,120	2,930	8,715	4,235	4,485
English	205	100	105	670	320	345
French	190	105	85	250	105	140
Non-official language	180	85	90	65	25	40
Aboriginal	10	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	165	80	85	60	25	35
English and French	5	0	5	0	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,055	2,615	2,440	8,320	3,965	4,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,880	2,535	2,350	8,075	3,850	4,220
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,440	78,631	35,888	24,384	28,329	21,803
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,885	2,535	2,350	8,075	3,855	4,220
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,939	65,259	32,128	23,106	26,074	21,112
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,670	2,495	2,175	6,335	3,125	3,215
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,472	78,755	34,918	22,134	26,715	18,453
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,370	800	1,570	6,800	3,155	3,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,322	3,128	3,373	10,163	8,995	10,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,265	2,330	1,930	4,880	2,525	2,355
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,149	75,894	35,430	23,744	26,560	21,562
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,990	2,590	2,400	8,290	3,980	4,305
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,815	2,485	2,325	7,990	3,845	4,145
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	76,174	104,302	46,114	32,362	37,701	27,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,815	2,485	2,325	7,990	3,845	4,145
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,881	79,722	38,677	27,975	31,866	24,366
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,645	2,450	2,190	6,360	3,220	3,145
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	75,981	103,711	44,976	29,729	35,616	23,696
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,285	745	1,545	6,700	3,100	3,605
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,036	6,902	5,621	10,372	9,778	10,882
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,260	2,295	1,970	4,890	2,580	2,315
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	70,179	93,493	43,034	29,931	33,354	26,117
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,990	2,595	2,400	8,290	3,980	4,310
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,895	1,155	735	2,025	1,065	960
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	73,399	87,627	55,022	39,107	42,694	35,806
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	88,077	105,152	61,322	44,074	48,434	39,236
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	96.0	97.9	91.4	72.6	77.8	66.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	81.1	83.2	76.5	57.5	61.3	53.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	4.0	2.0	8.5	27.4	22.1	33.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,060	2,620	2,435	8,320	3,960	4,355
Without total income	170	85	90	250	110	135
With total income	4,885	2,535	2,350	8,075	3,850	4,220
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.8	96.5	97.1	97.2	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	535	145	385	1,070	485	585
$10,000 to $19,999	440	115	320	2,100	840	1,260
$20,000 to $29,999	425	115	310	1,660	700	960
$30,000 to $39,999	380	130	255	1,065	515	555
$40,000 to $49,999	355	140	215	785	430	360
$50,000 to $59,999	400	190	205	515	315	200
$60,000 to $69,999	360	200	160	275	175	100
$70,000 to $79,999	365	250	115	235	145	95
$80,000 to $89,999	245	155	90	150	90	55
$90,000 to $99,999	225	160	65	75	55	15
$100,000 and over	1,150	930	225	135	100	30
$100,000 to $149,999	595	435	155	95	80	20
$150,000 and over	555	490	65	40	25	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,055	2,620	2,435	8,320	3,960	4,355
Without after-tax income	175	85	90	245	110	135
With after-tax income	4,885	2,535	2,350	8,080	3,855	4,220
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.8	96.5	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	550	150	400	1,105	490	610
$10,000 to $19,999	470	130	345	2,200	890	1,310
$20,000 to $29,999	500	135	365	1,930	845	1,085
$30,000 to $39,999	490	170	315	1,255	640	615
$40,000 to $49,999	490	245	245	750	440	310
$50,000 to $59,999	495	275	220	400	245	150
$60,000 to $69,999	430	285	145	240	150	85
$70,000 to $79,999	325	235	100	90	70	20
$80,000 and over	1,135	915	220	110	80	30
$80,000 to $89,999	265	180	90	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	160	115	40	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	705	615	90	55	40	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,055	2,615	2,440	8,320	3,965	4,355
Without employment income	795	285	505	3,440	1,440	2,000
With employment income	4,260	2,330	1,930	4,880	2,525	2,355
Percentage with employment income	84.3	89.1	79.1	58.7	63.7	54.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	370	145	225	830	420	415
$5,000 to $9,999	250	80	175	455	220	235
$10,000 to $19,999	350	120	235	860	390	465
$20,000 to $29,999	315	100	215	755	335	420
$30,000 to $39,999	330	115	220	605	295	310
$40,000 to $49,999	305	110	190	450	260	195
$50,000 to $59,999	320	170	150	300	190	115
$60,000 to $69,999	315	185	130	175	105	70
$70,000 to $79,999	320	225	100	190	115	75
$80,000 and over	1,375	1,085	290	260	190	70
$80,000 to $89,999	210	135	75	115	85	35
$90,000 to $99,999	210	145	65	50	35	20
$100,000 and over	960	805	150	85	70	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,490	...	...	4,740	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	125,414	...	...	41,649	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	103,851	...	...	38,083	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	535	...	...	1,850	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	68,267	...	...	21,734	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,661	...	...	21,461	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,955	...	...	2,885	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	142,263	...	...	59,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,915	...	...	53,774	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	150,272	...	...	54,528	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	118,130	...	...	47,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	1,895	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	78,591	...	...	29,528	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	62,600	...	...	25,978	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...	2,850	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	170,286	...	...	71,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	133,635	...	...	61,225	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,490	...	...	4,740	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	130	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	440	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	435	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	340	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	245	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	375	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...	290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	115	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,580	...	...	570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	330	...	...	280	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	280	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	420	...	...	105	...	...
$200,000 and over	555	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,485	...	...	4,735	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	455	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	280	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	165	...	...	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	170	...	...	195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	145	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,290	...	...	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	355	...	...	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 and over	610	...	...	60	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,845	...	...	2,745	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	140,134	...	...	60,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,456	...	...	53,916	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	680	...	...	1,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	128,896	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,600	...	...	49,627	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	945	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	156,416	...	...	87,893	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,894	...	...	76,203	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	655	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	75,648	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,896	...	...	38,144	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,820	...	...	2,740	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	168,858	...	...	71,515	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,276	...	...	61,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	645	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	165,167	...	...	69,947	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	126,592	...	...	59,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	965	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	186,225	...	...	92,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	147,083	...	...	79,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	665	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	90,891	...	...	46,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,164	...	...	42,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	865	535	330	2,255	1,015	1,240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	60,352	70,912	42,923	21,088	21,595	20,859
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	51,424	58,400	37,803	20,777	21,184	20,696
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	820	475	345	2,205	970	1,235
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	73,228	87,306	53,762	28,352	31,016	26,268
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	58,597	68,381	45,068	25,081	26,702	23,812
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	6,590	3,400	3,190	9,645	4,675	4,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,505	725	785	7,090	3,350	3,740
In the bottom decile	270	120	145	1,680	785	890
In the second decile	215	95	125	1,705	725	980
In the third decile	255	120	140	1,410	675	730
In the fourth decile	340	170	165	1,275	630	645
In the fifth decile	425	220	210	1,025	525	500
In the top half of the distribution	5,080	2,675	2,410	2,555	1,330	1,225
In the sixth decile	675	340	335	920	475	445
In the seventh decile	660	340	320	635	335	300
In the eighth decile	885	450	435	540	285	260
In the ninth decile	1,115	585	530	305	155	150
In the top decile	1,745	955	795	150	75	75
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	6,590	3,395	3,190	9,645	4,675	4,970
0 to 17 years	1,750	895	855	1,645	880	765
0 to 5 years	670	325	340	495	255	235
18 to 64 years	4,450	2,325	2,125	5,760	2,830	2,930
65 years and over	390	175	210	2,240	970	1,270
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	325	140	185	2,545	1,110	1,435
0 to 17 years	140	65	75	550	270	280
0 to 5 years	55	20	35	185	90	95
18 to 64 years	175	80	95	1,355	625	730
65 years and over	15	0	15	645	215	430
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.9	4.1	5.8	26.4	23.7	28.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.3	8.8	33.4	30.7	36.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	6.2	10.3	37.4	35.3	40.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	3.4	4.5	23.5	22.1	24.9
65 years and over (%)	3.8	0.0	7.1	28.8	22.2	33.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175	75	100	1,085	545	540
0 to 17 years	75	30	35	225	120	105
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	80	40	40
18 to 64 years	105	45	65	800	405	395
65 years and over	0	0	0	60	20	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.2	3.1	11.2	11.7	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	3.4	4.1	13.7	13.6	13.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.7	3.1	4.4	16.2	15.7	17.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	1.9	3.1	13.9	14.3	13.5
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.7	2.1	3.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	6,435	3,335	3,090	9,670	4,755	4,915
Official languages	6,415	3,335	3,080	9,670	4,755	4,915
English	6,405	3,330	3,070	4,545	2,385	2,165
French	890	445	445	9,430	4,645	4,780
Non-official languages	615	315	305	285	150	135
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	605	310	300	285	155	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	35	60	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	0	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	395	210	185	235	135	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	40	50	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	10	0	10
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	60	55	25	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	60	50	20	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	65	45	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	60	55	200	120	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	15	15	10
Portuguese	15	10	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	50	45	180	105	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	15	0	10	0
Chinese languages	40	30	15	10	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	10	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	25	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	6,430	3,340	3,095	9,665	4,755	4,915
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	6,175	3,230	2,950	9,590	4,710	4,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,670	880	790	1,695	950	745
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,510	2,345	2,165	7,890	3,760	4,130
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	250	110	145	85	45	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	6,430	3,335	3,090	9,670	4,755	4,915
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,840	3,080	2,755	9,450	4,655	4,795
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	485	200	285	210	90	120
Before 1981	110	45	60	100	40	60
1981 to 1990	50	25	25	20	10	10
1991 to 2000	110	45	65	30	20	15
2001 to 2010	115	45	65	25	0	25
2001 to 2005	35	10	25	20	0	15
2006 to 2010	80	35	45	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	100	40	60	30	20	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	485	200	285	210	90	120
Under 5 years	50	25	25	25	15	15
5 to 14 years	110	55	55	50	20	35
15 to 24 years	140	55	85	60	35	30
25 to 44 years	160	50	110	70	25	45
45 years and over	25	10	20	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	490	205	285	210	95	120
Americas	70	25	45	90	40	50
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	20	15	10
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	20	10	10
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	0	20	45	20	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	10	0	10
Europe	210	75	135	100	45	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	40	15	30
Germany	45	10	35	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	25	10	15	0	0	0
Portugal	0	10	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	90	40	50	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	10	10	0
Africa	45	30	15	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	15	0	0	0
Asia	165	75	90	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	20	45	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	100	40	60	30	20	10
Americas	0	0	10	25	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	40	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	6,435	3,340	3,090	9,670	4,755	4,920
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	665	300	360	230	105	125
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	815	465	345	325	150	170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,955	2,565	2,380	9,120	4,505	4,620
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	380	155	225	120	55	65
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	175	90	90	60	15	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	65	40	25	15	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	115	50	65	45	10	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	170	55	115	65	35	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	6,435	3,340	3,095	9,665	4,755	4,915
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	440	235	205	160	85	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	435	240	200	155	85	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	165	80	85	70	35	40
Métis	260	145	115	75	45	25
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,990	3,100	2,890	9,515	4,670	4,845
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	6,430	3,340	3,090	9,665	4,755	4,915
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	125	65	60	25	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,305	3,270	3,035	9,640	4,740	4,900
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	6,430	3,340	3,095	9,665	4,755	4,915
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	100	60	40	125	55	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	60	40	125	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	55	35	20	90	40	50
Métis single ancestry	35	25	10	25	10	15
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	495	245	250	280	125	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	475	235	240	280	125	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	105	125	255	110	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	230	115	110	25	15	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,840	3,030	2,805	9,265	4,570	4,690
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	6,430	3,335	3,095	9,670	4,750	4,915
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	570	315	260	95	35	65
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	95	65	30	0	0	0
Chinese	85	45	45	0	10	0
Black	115	75	40	60	25	35
Filipino	125	55	70	0	0	0
Latin American	55	20	30	20	0	20
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,860	3,020	2,835	9,570	4,720	4,855
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	6,430	3,340	3,095	9,665	4,750	4,915
North American Aboriginal origins	590	305	290	405	180	220
First Nations (North American Indian)	310	150	160	345	160	195
Inuit	20	15	0	10	0	10
Métis	285	150	135	55	25	25
Other North American origins	2,180	1,105	1,075	7,425	3,665	3,755
Acadian	25	10	10	45	20	20
American	120	50	70	95	45	50
Canadian	2,055	1,055	1,005	7,080	3,500	3,585
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Québécois	0	0	0	290	140	150
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,815	2,465	2,350	3,495	1,745	1,755
British Isles origins	3,155	1,620	1,535	1,240	560	680
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,660	840	825	445	190	250
Irish	1,405	665	740	715	355	365
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,445	765	675	370	180	185
Welsh	170	80	90	25	20	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	90	85	70	35	30
French origins	1,145	585	560	2,265	1,145	1,120
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,150	585	560	2,260	1,140	1,125
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,630	815	815	225	110	115
Austrian	35	20	10	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	30	35	60	30	30
Dutch	210	115	100	0	0	10
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,350	665	680	125	60	65
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	50	20	25	45	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	540	270	275	30	20	0
Danish	50	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	80	35	45	10	0	0
Norwegian	280	160	115	0	0	0
Swedish	180	100	75	25	15	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,125	525	595	85	50	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	10	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	30	55	10	0	0
Latvian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	325	120	205	20	0	15
Romanian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Russian	155	75	80	25	20	10
Slovak	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	670	315	350	20	15	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	240	125	115	345	180	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	45	35	15
Italian	125	60	70	225	110	120
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	10	45	20	20
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	40	35	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	10	15	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	35	20	15	45	10	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Jamaican	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	95	45	45	65	35	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexican	20	10	10	45	25	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	75	60	20	50	30	20
Central and West African origins	50	30	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	25	10	40	25	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	20	0	20	10	10
Asian origins	465	245	220	55	35	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	95	55	35	40	35	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	25	20	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	95	55	35	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	70	40	30	10	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	300	140	160	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese	100	45	55	0	10	0
Filipino	140	65	70	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
Owner	1,915	...	...	2,245	...	...
Renter	525	...	...	2,500	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,440	...	...	4,740	...	...
Condominium	285	...	...	260	...	...
Not condominium	2,150	...	...	4,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...	940	...	...
2 bedrooms	490	...	...	1,800	...	...
3 bedrooms	695	...	...	1,340	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,190	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,440	...	...	4,740	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	415	...	...	2,050	...	...
5 rooms	255	...	...	725	...	...
6 rooms	410	...	...	585	...	...
7 rooms	395	...	...	535	...	...
8 or more rooms	975	...	...	840	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,440	...	...	4,740	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,425	...	...	4,725	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
Suitable	2,405	...	...	4,570	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,440	...	...	4,740	...	...
1960 or before	75	...	...	1,800	...	...
1961 to 1980	465	...	...	1,440	...	...
1981 to 1990	480	...	...	485	...	...
1991 to 2000	335	...	...	265	...	...
2001 to 2005	355	...	...	120	...	...
2006 to 2010	345	...	...	380	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	390	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,315	...	...	4,365	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,440	...	...	4,740	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,320	...	...	3,435	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,065	...	...	1,275	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,440	...	...	4,745	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...	170	...	...
25 to 34 years	645	...	...	525	...	...
35 to 44 years	480	...	...	640	...	...
45 to 54 years	545	...	...	825	...	...
55 to 64 years	365	...	...	970	...	...
65 to 74 years	125	...	...	930	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	495	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,435	...	...	4,740	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,130	...	...	3,415	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	...	...	1,330	...	...
30% to less than 100%	285	...	...	1,280	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...	2,240	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	75.2	...	...	60.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.4	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,830	...	...	852	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,802	...	...	915	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	379,761	...	...	189,792	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	421,981	...	...	199,152	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525	...	...	2,500	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.6	...	...	14.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.0	...	...	38.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,140	...	...	603	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,332	...	...	655	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,990	2,590	2,400	8,290	3,980	4,310
No certificate, diploma or degree	715	400	315	3,090	1,580	1,515
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,375	730	650	2,000	890	1,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,905	1,465	1,440	3,200	1,515	1,685
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	665	500	165	1,615	860	765
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	230	135	100	1,220	560	660
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	435	365	70	395	295	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,325	565	760	865	365	500
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	10	80	165	60	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	825	385	435	545	235	315
Bachelor's degree	645	295	345	430	155	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	25	40	20	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	20	0	15
Master's degree	115	50	60	55	45	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,735	1,950	1,785	4,970	2,445	2,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	280	175	105	1,540	845	695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	995	535	460	1,115	505	610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,460	1,240	1,215	2,310	1,100	1,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	535	410	125	1,240	625	610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	190	115	75	965	430	535
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	345	300	45	275	200	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,175	515	660	575	260	315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	10	65	85	45	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	675	305	370	415	170	245
Bachelor's degree	510	230	285	320	115	205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	10	10	10	10
Master's degree	110	50	60	40	30	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,995	2,595	2,400	8,290	3,980	4,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,090	1,125	960	5,090	2,465	2,625
Education	235	75	165	260	75	190
13. Education	235	70	165	260	75	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	10	40	95	40	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	0	40	80	30	50
Humanities	65	20	50	140	40	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	95	20	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	0	10
54. History	15	10	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	30	160	160	40	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	35	10	30
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	45	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	25	10	20	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	35	0	25	55	30	25
Business, management and public administration	410	105	300	725	225	505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	35	50	25	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	375	105	265	675	200	475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	20	45	50	40	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	15	0	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	20	40	40	15	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	10	30	35	10	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,100	985	110	755	710	40
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	160	135	25	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	185	165	25	135	125	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	125	15	140	140	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	520	485	40	285	265	20
48. Precision production	95	85	10	165	155	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	30	40	65	35	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	25	50	20	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	20	20	15	0
Health and related fields	430	60	375	480	60	420
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	20	20	35	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	390	35	355	450	50	395
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225	110	120	425	230	190
12. Personal and culinary services	125	25	100	205	45	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	60	60	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	145	130	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,740	1,955	1,785	4,970	2,450	2,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,280	715	570	2,655	1,345	1,315
Education	195	55	145	135	35	100
13. Education	195	50	140	135	35	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	0	40	65	30	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	0	40	55	25	30
Humanities	60	15	40	90	30	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	60	10	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	30	145	125	35	85
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	35	10	30
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	20	0	10
45. Social sciences	35	10	30	45	25	20
Business, management and public administration	370	100	265	530	175	350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	35	15	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	330	100	230	495	160	335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	15	30	30	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	20	40	35	10	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	15	35	30	10	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	930	845	85	545	510	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	115	95	25	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	170	150	20	110	100	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	100	15	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	455	425	30	195	180	20
48. Precision production	75	75	0	105	100	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	60	25	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	0	15	50	20	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	15	20	0	10	0
Health and related fields	370	50	320	365	45	320
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	15	20	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	325	25	300	340	40	305
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	90	75	335	190	150
12. Personal and culinary services	75	15	60	170	40	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10	50	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	10	105	95	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,990	2,590	2,400	8,290	3,975	4,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,085	1,130	960	5,090	2,465	2,625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,900	1,465	1,440	3,200	1,515	1,685
Location of study inside Canada	2,660	1,365	1,295	3,125	1,480	1,645
Same as province or territory of residence	1,540	810	730	3,020	1,420	1,600
Different than province or territory of residence	1,120	555	565	110	70	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	240	95	140	70	30	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	35	40	30	15	15
Philippines	45	15	35	0	0	0
India	15	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other	85	25	55	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,740	1,950	1,785	4,965	2,445	2,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,280	710	570	2,660	1,350	1,310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,460	1,240	1,220	2,310	1,100	1,210
Location of study inside Canada	2,245	1,155	1,085	2,255	1,080	1,180
Same as province or territory of residence	1,275	685	595	2,195	1,035	1,155
Different than province or territory of residence	965	480	490	65	40	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	220	80	135	50	20	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	25	40	20	10	10
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other	80	25	50	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,995	2,590	2,400	8,285	3,980	4,305
In the labour force	4,065	2,240	1,825	4,300	2,245	2,055
Employed	3,650	1,990	1,660	4,015	2,090	1,925
Unemployed	415	255	165	285	150	130
Not in the labour force	930	345	575	3,985	1,735	2,255
Participation rate	81.4	86.5	76.0	51.9	56.4	47.7
Employment rate	73.1	76.8	69.2	48.5	52.5	44.7
Unemployment rate	10.2	11.4	9.0	6.6	6.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,990	2,590	2,400	8,290	3,980	4,310
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	850	320	520	3,785	1,640	2,145
Worked	4,145	2,270	1,880	4,500	2,335	2,165
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,925	1,175	745	2,080	1,110	965
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,220	1,095	1,130	2,425	1,225	1,200
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.1	41.4	42.1	41.8	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	4,065	2,245	1,825	4,300	2,245	2,055
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	35	25	100	55	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,005	2,205	1,800	4,200	2,190	2,005
Employee	3,635	2,005	1,630	3,755	1,940	1,810
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	365	200	165	450	250	200
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	4,065	2,240	1,820	4,295	2,245	2,055
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	35	25	95	55	50
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,005	2,210	1,800	4,200	2,190	2,005
0 Management occupations	400	235	165	305	165	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	470	80	385	595	160	435
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	355	260	95	100	80	25
3 Health occupations	215	45	170	275	25	250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	550	250	300	390	100	285
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	10	40	55	30	25
6 Sales and service occupations	760	260	505	1,095	465	625
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	710	615	90	845	790	50
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	215	195	20	85	65	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	280	255	25	465	305	160
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	4,070	2,245	1,820	4,300	2,245	2,055
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	35	25	95	50	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,005	2,205	1,795	4,195	2,195	2,010
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	0	10	50	30	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	825	645	180	10	10	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	15	10	0
23 Construction	365	290	70	295	265	25
31-33 Manufacturing	80	60	25	690	495	190
41 Wholesale trade	65	50	15	145	90	55
44-45 Retail trade	405	110	290	605	270	330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140	100	40	260	185	75
51 Information and cultural industries	40	30	10	35	15	15
52 Finance and insurance	65	10	60	100	30	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	20	20	30	15	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	145	80	65	170	80	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	145	75	65	270	150	120
61 Educational services	270	75	195	210	55	155
62 Health care and social assistance	350	45	305	520	85	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	20	40	90	60	30
72 Accommodation and food services	205	75	125	405	150	255
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	35	85	150	80	75
91 Public administration	645	455	190	165	115	45
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,650	1,985	1,660	4,020	2,090	1,925
Worked at home	120	20	105	205	100	105
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	720	530	190	375	305	75
Worked at usual place	2,800	1,435	1,365	3,430	1,685	1,745
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,800	1,435	1,365	3,430	1,690	1,745
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,925	850	1,075	1,930	855	1,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	795	520	275	310	180	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	45	20	1,055	590	460
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	135	60	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,520	1,965	1,555	3,805	1,990	1,815
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,905	1,625	1,280	3,290	1,780	1,510
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	340	205	135	180	80	95
Public transit	130	75	55	15	10	10
Walked	100	25	70	260	75	185
Bicycle	10	0	0	30	25	10
Other method	40	25	15	35	15	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,520	1,965	1,550	3,810	1,990	1,820
Less than 15 minutes	1,255	455	800	1,980	950	1,025
15 to 29 minutes	1,095	670	425	675	335	335
30 to 44 minutes	490	340	155	640	355	285
45 to 59 minutes	225	155	70	200	130	70
60 minutes and over	450	340	105	320	220	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,520	1,965	1,555	3,810	1,990	1,820
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	420	325	100	345	230	110
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	840	550	290	910	560	345
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	850	490	360	905	415	490
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	590	190	405	580	220	360
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	285	65	215	355	135	220
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	525	350	180	725	430	290
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	4,230	2,305	1,925	4,635	2,420	2,215
Single responses	4,215	2,305	1,910	4,330	2,250	2,080
Official languages	4,215	2,300	1,915	4,330	2,250	2,075
English	4,175	2,290	1,880	255	155	105
French	45	10	35	4,070	2,095	1,975
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	305	170	135
English and French	10	0	10	305	170	140
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	4,230	2,305	1,925	4,635	2,420	2,220
None	3,955	2,180	1,775	2,860	1,545	1,315
English	30	10	25	1,575	760	810
French	210	95	115	185	100	85
Non-official language	40	20	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	15	20	0	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	6,290	3,270	3,025	9,630	4,730	4,900
Non-movers	5,205	2,730	2,475	8,265	4,075	4,195
Movers	1,090	535	550	1,365	655	705
Non-migrants	630	320	310	745	335	410
Migrants	460	220	240	615	315	300
Internal migrants	450	210	235	595	300	295
Intraprovincial migrants	200	90	115	550	265	285
Interprovincial migrants	250	125	125	45	35	10
External migrants	10	10	0	20	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,920	3,070	2,850	9,260	4,520	4,740
Non-movers	3,065	1,590	1,480	5,495	2,660	2,840
Movers	2,855	1,485	1,370	3,765	1,865	1,900
Non-migrants	1,320	695	630	2,240	1,140	1,095
Migrants	1,535	790	740	1,530	725	805
Internal migrants	1,330	685	645	1,510	710	800
Intraprovincial migrants	510	260	250	1,475	690	780
Interprovincial migrants	830	430	395	35	20	15
External migrants	200	105	100	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Lachute [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Lachute [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Lachute [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Lachute [Population centre], Quebec