Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Tsawwassen British Columbia [Population centre]			Varennes, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	21,588	...	...	21,257	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	21,439 ^r	...	...	20,994	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	9,082	...	...	8,315	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,735	...	...	8,161	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,672.0	...	...	225.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.91	...	...	94.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	21,585	10,340	11,245	21,260	10,495	10,760
0 to 14 years	3,055	1,545	1,505	3,745	1,915	1,830
0 to 4 years	770	395	380	1,105	570	535
5 to 9 years	1,075	550	525	1,360	705	660
10 to 14 years	1,205	600	605	1,280	640	635
15 to 64 years	12,840	6,205	6,635	14,720	7,260	7,465
15 to 19 years	1,320	685	635	1,460	760	705
20 to 24 years	1,040	540	500	1,460	750	715
25 to 29 years	670	320	345	1,120	570	545
30 to 34 years	745	345	400	1,200	580	620
35 to 39 years	845	405	440	1,350	625	725
40 to 44 years	1,165	515	650	1,360	645	715
45 to 49 years	1,650	780	870	1,670	810	865
50 to 54 years	1,820	880	935	1,945	945	1,000
55 to 59 years	1,875	925	950	1,810	905	905
60 to 64 years	1,720	820	900	1,340	670	670
65 years and over	5,690	2,590	3,100	2,795	1,325	1,465
65 to 69 years	1,700	790	905	1,030	500	525
70 to 74 years	1,405	685	720	680	355	325
75 to 79 years	1,035	480	555	480	235	245
80 to 84 years	680	290	385	315	130	185
85 years and over	870	335	535	295	100	190
85 to 89 years	535	225	315	200	85	120
90 to 94 years	255	95	160	80	15	60
95 to 99 years	60	15	50	15	5	10
100 years and over	10	5	5	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	14.9	13.4	17.6	18.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	59.5	60.0	59.0	69.2	69.2	69.4
65 years and over	26.4	25.0	27.6	13.1	12.6	13.6
85 years and over	4.0	3.2	4.8	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	47.0	46.0	48.0	39.6	39.0	40.2
Median age of the population	51.0	50.3	51.5	41.1	40.4	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,735	...	...	8,165	...	...
Single-detached house	5,580	...	...	5,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	170	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,980	...	...	3,010	...	...
Semi-detached house	225	...	...	680	...	...
Row house	175	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	520	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,060	...	...	1,990	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,735	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 person	2,200	...	...	1,740	...	...
2 persons	3,360	...	...	2,930	...	...
3 persons	1,295	...	...	1,420	...	...
4 persons	1,320	...	...	1,505	...	...
5 or more persons	565	...	...	555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,095	...	...	20,845	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,530	8,790	9,730	17,515	8,585	8,930
Married or living common law	11,870	5,920	5,950	10,825	5,400	5,420
Married	10,610	5,290	5,320	5,910	2,950	2,960
Living common law	1,265	630	635	4,915	2,450	2,460
Not married and not living common law	6,660	2,870	3,785	6,690	3,185	3,505
Never married	3,755	1,995	1,760	4,965	2,600	2,365
Separated	415	180	230	180	90	95
Divorced	1,190	415	775	920	350	570
Widowed	1,305	285	1,020	630	145	480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,530	...	...	6,315	...	...
2 persons	3,525	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 persons	1,280	...	...	1,405	...	...
4 persons	1,345	...	...	1,475	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,530	...	...	6,315	...	...
Total couple families	5,815	...	...	5,330	...	...
Married couples	5,180	...	...	2,875	...	...
Common-law couples	630	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	720	...	...	985	...	...
Female parent	550	...	...	675	...	...
Male parent	170	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,810	...	...	5,330	...	...
Couples without children	3,065	...	...	2,390	...	...
Couples with children	2,750	...	...	2,935	...	...
1 child	1,060	...	...	1,050	...	...
2 children	1,310	...	...	1,410	...	...
3 or more children	380	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	980	...	...
1 child	455	...	...	550	...	...
2 children	220	...	...	360	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,845	1,145	1,700	2,300	1,080	1,225
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,735	...	...	8,160	...	...
One-census-family households	6,260	...	...	6,210	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,935	...	...	2,350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,325	...	...	3,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	135	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,340	...	...	1,900	...	...
One-person households	2,200	...	...	1,740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	145	...	...	155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	21,335	10,270	11,065	21,120	10,455	10,660
English only	18,965	9,255	9,710	35	15	20
French only	5	5	0	11,080	5,070	6,010
English and French	2,205	950	1,260	9,985	5,365	4,620
Neither English nor French	160	65	95	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	21,335	10,275	11,065	21,120	10,455	10,660
English	20,850	10,070	10,780	380	180	200
French	275	110	160	20,630	10,215	10,415
English and French	55	25	25	95	50	45
Neither English nor French	155	65	95	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	125	180	430	210	220
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.2	1.6	2.0	2.0	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	21,335	10,270	11,065	21,120	10,455	10,660
Single responses	21,080	10,155	10,930	20,925	10,365	10,565
Official languages	18,090	8,810	9,280	20,500	10,125	10,380
English	17,805	8,700	9,105	310	140	165
French	285	110	175	20,190	9,980	10,210
Non-official languages	2,990	1,340	1,655	425	240	185
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,995	1,345	1,650	425	235	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	5	90	60	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	5	80	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0	80	50	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	15	5	10	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	50	110	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	40	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,685	790	895	235	135	100
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	345	155	190	15	5	10
Baltic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	335	150	185	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	45	5	0	5
Russian	85	45	40	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	815	385	425	5	5	5
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	175	75	100	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	510	250	255	5	5	0
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	130	65	65	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	5	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	130	150	190	115	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	30	55	35	20
Portuguese	45	20	25	10	10	5
Romanian	35	15	20	25	15	10
Spanish	140	60	80	95	50	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	25	55	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	45	80	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	810	355	455	10	5	10
Chinese languages	810	360	450	15	5	5
Cantonese	195	80	115	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	560	250	305	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	5	0	5	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	30	5	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	25	15	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	5	0
Multiple responses	255	120	130	190	95	95
English and French	60	35	30	120	65	60
English and non-official language	175	75	100	5	5	5
French and non-official language	10	5	0	50	25	30
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,335	10,270	11,065	21,120	10,455	10,665
Single responses	20,830	10,045	10,780	20,865	10,325	10,540
Official languages	19,730	9,545	10,190	20,765	10,275	10,490
English	19,670	9,520	10,150	245	120	120
French	60	20	40	20,525	10,155	10,365
Non-official languages	1,095	500	595	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,095	505	590	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	10	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	360	170	195	60	35	30
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	55	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	55	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	55	55	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	40	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	10	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	5	10	10	5	5
Spanish	45	20	20	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	35	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	530	250	280	5	0	5
Chinese languages	530	250	280	5	5	5
Cantonese	90	45	50	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	425	200	220	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	505	225	280	250	130	125
English and French	40	15	25	130	65	65
English and non-official language	450	205	250	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	110	55	50
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	21,335	10,270	11,065	21,115	10,455	10,660
None	19,580	9,520	10,055	19,535	9,635	9,905
English	490	230	260	1,140	600	540
French	295	120	175	165	85	80
Non-official language	950	380	565	210	110	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	950	380	565	205	105	105
English and French	5	5	5	5	5	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	45	20	25
French and non-official language	10	10	5	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,040	8,665	9,380	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,410	8,330	9,080	16,470	8,110	8,365
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,661	56,704	34,688	43,537	51,328	37,488
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,435	8,345	9,090	16,480	8,110	8,370
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,327	48,559	31,037	37,205	42,766	32,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,560	8,015	8,545	15,675	7,815	7,865
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,205	52,775	29,388	39,741	49,242	32,994
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,460	4,640	6,815	10,970	4,740	6,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,833	10,128	6,619	5,237	4,218	5,931
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,770	6,500	6,270	13,595	6,905	6,685
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,962	50,082	28,821	40,829	49,482	35,276
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	18,080	8,670	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,430	8,290	9,140	16,460	8,115	8,345
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	64,242	84,179	46,159	51,856	61,200	42,767
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,460	8,300	9,155	16,460	8,120	8,345
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,789	64,422	38,427	41,531	47,925	35,311
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,595	7,935	8,660	15,630	7,790	7,835
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,651	82,373	42,659	49,322	59,495	39,201
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,340	4,565	6,775	10,970	4,785	6,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,515	9,657	7,746	7,556	6,915	8,052
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,790	6,390	6,400	13,595	6,830	6,760
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,481	73,904	41,075	48,927	57,431	40,332
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	18,080	8,665	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,290	3,010	2,280	6,455	3,405	3,055
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	68,098	76,740	57,831	57,450	65,979	49,529
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	90,483	109,694	65,096	66,674	77,767	54,311
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.3	93.7	87.4	90.3	93.3	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.1	70.1	59.7	77.6	79.3	75.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.7	6.3	12.6	9.7	6.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	18,040	8,665	9,375	17,105	8,420	8,685
Without total income	630	335	295	635	310	320
With total income	17,410	8,330	9,080	16,475	8,110	8,365
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.1	96.9	96.3	96.3	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,225	830	1,395	1,650	670	980
$10,000 to $19,999	2,245	785	1,455	2,200	880	1,320
$20,000 to $29,999	1,900	705	1,195	1,805	720	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	1,745	685	1,060	1,835	770	1,060
$40,000 to $49,999	1,565	650	915	1,970	890	1,085
$50,000 to $59,999	1,520	735	785	1,655	805	850
$60,000 to $69,999	1,185	625	565	1,325	700	620
$70,000 to $79,999	945	515	430	1,110	645	470
$80,000 to $89,999	785	455	335	855	530	320
$90,000 to $99,999	590	360	235	560	370	190
$100,000 and over	2,690	1,980	710	1,510	1,130	380
$100,000 to $149,999	1,580	1,090	490	1,095	820	275
$150,000 and over	1,115	895	225	420	315	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,040	8,665	9,375	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without after-tax income	605	320	290	625	310	315
With after-tax income	17,435	8,345	9,090	16,480	8,110	8,370
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.3	97.0	96.3	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,410	890	1,525	1,750	690	1,060
$10,000 to $19,999	2,370	855	1,515	2,330	950	1,380
$20,000 to $29,999	2,225	835	1,390	2,305	930	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	2,030	815	1,215	2,590	1,155	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	1,955	900	1,060	2,365	1,160	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	1,585	845	740	1,820	1,005	815
$60,000 to $69,999	1,185	655	525	1,340	800	540
$70,000 to $79,999	900	545	355	785	550	235
$80,000 and over	2,765	2,000	765	1,190	875	320
$80,000 to $89,999	645	420	230	435	320	115
$90,000 to $99,999	490	325	165	225	160	65
$100,000 and over	1,630	1,255	375	530	400	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	18,040	8,665	9,375	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without employment income	5,270	2,165	3,110	3,510	1,510	1,995
With employment income	12,770	6,500	6,265	13,595	6,905	6,690
Percentage with employment income	70.8	75.0	66.8	79.5	82.1	77.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,485	1,175	1,310	1,435	745	690
$5,000 to $9,999	935	375	560	905	385	525
$10,000 to $19,999	1,310	550	760	1,670	725	940
$20,000 to $29,999	995	425	570	1,280	515	770
$30,000 to $39,999	930	375	555	1,365	525	845
$40,000 to $49,999	880	335	540	1,385	585	795
$50,000 to $59,999	890	415	475	1,265	635	625
$60,000 to $69,999	765	375	390	985	540	445
$70,000 to $79,999	625	335	290	935	525	410
$80,000 and over	2,950	2,130	820	2,370	1,720	645
$80,000 to $89,999	585	345	240	655	440	210
$90,000 to $99,999	425	280	150	485	335	150
$100,000 and over	1,940	1,505	435	1,230	945	285
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,735	...	...	8,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,966	...	...	90,315	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,061	...	...	74,746	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,200	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,693	...	...	42,270	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,226	...	...	35,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,535	...	...	6,420	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,822	...	...	106,014	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,327	...	...	86,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,755	...	...	8,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	127,956	...	...	104,597	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	101,337	...	...	83,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,175	...	...	1,750	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,830	...	...	48,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,156	...	...	39,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,575	...	...	6,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	151,161	...	...	119,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,266	...	...	95,873	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,735	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	190	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	270	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...	300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	570	...	...	600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	500	...	...	550	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	505	...	...	540	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	440	...	...	520	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,075	...	...	3,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	1,120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	760	...	...	905	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,070	...	...	905	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,285	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,735	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	260	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	340	...	...	365	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...	390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	330	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	705	...	...	790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	640	...	...	720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	580	...	...	675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	545	...	...	675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,340	...	...	2,470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,050	...	...	1,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	795	...	...	640	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,495	...	...	680	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,445	...	...	6,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,568	...	...	106,187	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,039	...	...	86,644	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,905	...	...	2,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,243	...	...	88,690	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,073	...	...	73,096	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,760	...	...	2,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	151,834	...	...	135,633	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,412	...	...	109,036	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	680	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,464	...	...	68,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,347	...	...	58,778	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,455	...	...	6,320	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	151,760	...	...	120,091	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,671	...	...	95,926	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,895	...	...	2,335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	145,323	...	...	103,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,146	...	...	82,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,770	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	179,621	...	...	147,118	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,922	...	...	116,743	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,357	...	...	81,394	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,110	...	...	67,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,590	1,060	1,535	2,050	980	1,070
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,240	48,597	39,077	40,602	45,568	36,437
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,303	42,091	34,688	34,867	38,254	32,043
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,575	1,045	1,530	2,050	995	1,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,404	61,277	49,694	46,111	52,305	40,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,383	49,105	41,148	37,711	41,717	33,891
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,095	10,210	10,885	20,845	10,330	10,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,530	2,910	3,620	7,405	3,495	3,910
In the bottom decile	1,380	610	765	575	275	305
In the second decile	1,005	425	580	1,115	500	625
In the third decile	1,195	525	670	1,570	725	840
In the fourth decile	1,300	590	715	1,885	915	970
In the fifth decile	1,650	760	890	2,255	1,085	1,170
In the top half of the distribution	14,565	7,305	7,265	13,445	6,840	6,605
In the sixth decile	1,890	880	1,005	2,600	1,295	1,305
In the seventh decile	2,145	1,075	1,070	3,045	1,530	1,510
In the eighth decile	2,655	1,320	1,335	3,100	1,580	1,520
In the ninth decile	3,175	1,620	1,555	2,730	1,405	1,325
In the top decile	4,700	2,405	2,295	1,965	1,025	940
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	20,690	10,015	10,680	20,850	10,335	10,515
0 to 17 years	3,815	1,940	1,870	4,555	2,325	2,235
0 to 5 years	945	480	465	1,410	735	675
18 to 64 years	11,820	5,685	6,130	13,895	6,845	7,050
65 years and over	5,060	2,385	2,675	2,395	1,165	1,230
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,795	785	1,010	1,035	465	570
0 to 17 years	430	215	210	225	125	100
0 to 5 years	85	40	45	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	1,010	440	565	565	255	310
65 years and over	360	125	235	245	85	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7	7.8	9.5	5.0	4.5	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	11.1	11.2	4.9	5.4	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	8.3	9.7	4.3	4.8	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	7.7	9.2	4.1	3.7	4.4
65 years and over (%)	7.1	5.2	8.8	10.2	7.3	13.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	965	430	535	350	170	180
0 to 17 years	260	125	130	75	35	35
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	620	270	345	250	120	130
65 years and over	85	35	50	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.3	5.0	1.7	1.6	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.4	7.0	1.6	1.5	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	4.2	5.4	1.4	1.4	0.7
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.7	5.6	1.8	1.8	1.8
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.0	0.9	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,150	10,250	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
Official languages	21,000	10,195	10,810	20,830	10,325	10,505
English	21,000	10,190	10,810	9,940	5,300	4,640
French	2,195	960	1,235	20,785	10,300	10,480
Non-official languages	3,490	1,565	1,935	1,320	650	675
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,490	1,560	1,925	1,320	645	675
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	115	70	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	105	60	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	105	65	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	70	105	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	60	100	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	45	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,160	960	1,200	1,015	510	510
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	350	165	190	15	0	10
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	345	160	185	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	40	60	0	0	0
Russian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	35	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	955	440	515	65	40	30
Afrikaans	45	15	30	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Dutch	170	60	105	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	650	325	325	55	30	25
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	15	0	10	0	0
Swedish	60	20	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	20	35	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	240	95	140	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	240	95	145	10	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	95	35	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	50	85	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	615	265	355	925	455	465
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	55	45	185	120	60
Portuguese	50	15	40	25	15	10
Romanian	50	25	25	35	20	10
Spanish	440	185	260	705	320	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	50	60	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	50	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	60	30	30
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	30	15	15	35	10	30
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	785	365	420	15	10	10
Chinese languages	785	370	415	15	0	10
Cantonese	240	90	155	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	595	295	300	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	30	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,150	10,245	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,180	9,745	10,435	20,640	10,240	10,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,720	1,925	1,795	4,565	2,320	2,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,465	7,815	8,650	16,080	7,920	8,160
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	970	505	465	205	95	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,150	10,245	10,905	20,845	10,335	10,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	16,695	8,130	8,565	20,055	9,920	10,135
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,275	2,045	2,230	780	405	375
Before 1981	2,240	1,080	1,165	245	135	110
1981 to 1990	425	205	220	65	35	30
1991 to 2000	650	295	355	140	75	60
2001 to 2010	720	345	370	220	110	115
2001 to 2005	465	225	240	105	55	55
2006 to 2010	255	125	135	120	55	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	230	120	115	110	50	55
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	185	75	115	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,270	2,045	2,230	780	405	370
Under 5 years	445	245	195	130	60	70
5 to 14 years	775	380	400	145	70	70
15 to 24 years	945	420	520	180	130	50
25 to 44 years	1,895	900	995	285	135	150
45 years and over	215	100	110	40	15	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,270	2,045	2,230	775	405	375
Americas	425	200	225	160	75	85
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	25	15	15
Jamaica	20	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	15	0	10	10
Peru	10	0	10	30	20	15
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	250	145	110	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	80	25	55	45	20	25
Europe	2,485	1,215	1,275	290	155	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	30	20	15	170	90	80
Germany	270	120	155	20	10	15
Greece	20	20	0	10	0	10
Hungary	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	85	40	50	0	0	0
Italy	25	15	10	35	25	10
Netherlands	150	80	75	0	0	0
Poland	90	50	45	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	60	30	25	30	20	10
Russian Federation	30	15	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	20	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,290	595	690	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	310	170	135	30	15	10
Africa	165	85	75	200	120	80
Algeria	0	0	0	45	25	20
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	55	30	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	110	60	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	25	95	55	40
Asia	1,090	490	600	120	45	75
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	355	170	185	45	0	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	90	35	50	0	0	0
India	100	45	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	20	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	85	45	45	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	10	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	185	80	105	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	115	55	65	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	15	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	30	50	40	15	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	115	55	55	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	230	120	120	105	50	55
Americas	10	10	0	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	60	30	30	60	25	30
France	0	0	0	45	20	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	10	0	30	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	155	75	85	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	40	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,155	10,245	10,905	20,850	10,330	10,515
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,690	2,245	2,445	870	450	415
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,490	2,650	2,835	980	545	430
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	10,970	5,350	5,620	19,005	9,335	9,665
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,065	990	1,080	550	275	270
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,405	695	710	280	145	130
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	570	380	190	140	80	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	835	315	520	135	70	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	585	245	340	230	110	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	75	50	30	30	15	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,150	10,250	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	505	245	260	135	75	65
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	480	235	245	125	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	125	125	40	25	15
Métis	230	115	120	80	35	45
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,650	10,005	10,650	20,710	10,265	10,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,155	10,245	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	155	90	65	55	40	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,995	10,155	10,840	20,790	10,290	10,495
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,150	10,245	10,900	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	30	15	100	65	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	30	15	100	65	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	40	30	20	60	50	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	35	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	605	295	310	585	280	300
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	580	280	305	585	285	305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	380	185	190	495	240	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	95	110	85	40	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,505	9,925	10,585	20,165	9,985	10,180
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,150	10,245	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,445	1,105	1,345	670	365	305
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	395	195	200	30	15	15
Chinese	1,040	500	540	70	15	55
Black	155	65	85	205	105	95
Filipino	245	95	150	0	0	0
Latin American	75	10	70	120	70	50
Arab	0	0	0	100	70	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	60	35	25	25	20	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	175	65	115	10	10	0
Japanese	185	85	105	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	15	30	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	25	25	80	50	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	18,705	9,145	9,560	20,175	9,970	10,210
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,150	10,250	10,905	20,850	10,335	10,515
North American Aboriginal origins	645	325	320	685	345	335
First Nations (North American Indian)	445	230	210	555	290	260
Inuit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	225	105	115	130	55	70
Other North American origins	5,040	2,360	2,680	15,520	7,650	7,870
Acadian	30	15	10	145	75	75
American	445	185	255	100	50	50
Canadian	4,765	2,215	2,550	14,950	7,370	7,580
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	525	255	275
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	17,490	8,520	8,975	7,965	4,000	3,970
British Isles origins	13,130	6,375	6,750	1,510	720	790
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	0	10	0	0	0
English	8,350	4,065	4,285	270	130	140
Irish	4,890	2,310	2,580	1,075	470	605
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	5,870	2,875	2,995	335	185	145
Welsh	830	435	395	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	900	375	530	10	10	10
French origins	1,955	885	1,065	6,095	3,065	3,030
Alsatian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	60	40	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,940	885	1,055	6,040	3,035	3,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,605	2,275	2,340	715	315	400
Austrian	285	160	125	35	20	20
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	115	50	60	255	125	135
Dutch	1,100	515	585	40	20	15
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
German	3,315	1,640	1,680	335	125	210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	70	105	60	35	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,315	1,040	1,275	25	15	10
Danish	495	230	270	0	0	0
Finnish	255	140	115	0	0	0
Icelandic	260	90	165	0	0	0
Norwegian	900	405	495	20	10	10
Swedish	585	245	345	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	75	35	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,110	1,550	1,560	240	140	105
Bulgarian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	135	70	70	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	25	25	10	0	10
Estonian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	300	145	155	25	10	10
Latvian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	90	50	40	0	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	915	450	465	80	45	40
Romanian	180	95	90	40	25	15
Russian	550	255	290	25	10	10
Slovak	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,240	630	605	65	50	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,645	770	875	900	470	430
Albanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	145	75	70	50	20	30
Italian	770	380	390	715	390	330
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	50	85	70	35	35
Serbian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovenian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	245	100	145	90	45	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	130	65	65	15	15	0
Basque	10	10	10	10	10	0
Jewish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	160	80	75	145	80	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	20	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	105	60	45
Jamaican	60	30	30	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	150	70	80	220	135	90
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	40	15	25	10	0	0
Colombian	15	10	10	30	20	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	30	15	45	25	20
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	10	0	15
Panamanian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	10	20	45	35	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	160	75	85	335	190	150
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	75	45	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	10	210	120	85
Algerian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	15	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	100	70	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	10	35
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	110	55	55	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	10	15	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	80	45	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	20	25	40	10	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	45	15	25	40	15	25
Asian origins	2,375	1,120	1,250	310	135	170
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	120	60	60	150	70	80
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	20	40	15	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	20	0	70	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	0	20	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	25	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	440	205	240	35	10	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	410	190	220	20	10	15
Goan	15	10	10	15	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	40	15	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,825	860	965	120	50	75
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,070	515	555	70	25	50
Filipino	250	105	145	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Japanese	210	100	110	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	190	75	120	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	70	35	30	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	25	15	20	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	230	85	140	0	0	0
Australian	135	65	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	10	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	45	10	35	0	0	0
Fijian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
Owner	7,115	...	...	6,560	...	...
Renter	1,635	...	...	1,605	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,750	...	...	8,165	...	...
Condominium	1,765	...	...	960	...	...
Not condominium	6,990	...	...	7,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,755	...	...	8,160	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	900	...	...	475	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,125	...	...	1,860	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,610	...	...	3,565	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,110	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,750	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,825	...	...	1,515	...	...
5 rooms	1,050	...	...	1,080	...	...
6 rooms	945	...	...	990	...	...
7 rooms	1,085	...	...	1,285	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,845	...	...	3,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,755	...	...	8,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,725	...	...	8,145	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
Suitable	8,600	...	...	8,065	...	...
Not suitable	150	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
1960 or before	625	...	...	755	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,280	...	...	1,780	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,540	...	...	2,255	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,420	...	...	2,120	...	...
2001 to 2005	215	...	...	600	...	...
2006 to 2010	280	...	...	260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	390	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,360	...	...	7,915	...	...
Major repairs needed	390	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,625	...	...	4,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,965	...	...	3,845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	160	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,750	...	...	8,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	155	...	...
25 to 34 years	395	...	...	1,035	...	...
35 to 44 years	980	...	...	1,540	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,980	...	...	2,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,005	...	...	1,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,800	...	...	1,050	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,020	...	...	375	...	...
85 years and over	515	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,540	...	...	8,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,665	...	...	7,155	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,875	...	...	970	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,570	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,920	...	...	6,525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.2	...	...	66.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.8	...	...	8.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,060	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,554	...	...	1,152	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,124,944	...	...	299,844	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,143,282	...	...	320,677	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,630	...	...	1,605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.6	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,133	...	...	786	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,419	...	...	822	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,080	8,665	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,730	875	850	2,365	1,320	1,045
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,470	2,535	2,940	3,860	1,865	1,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,885	5,255	5,630	10,880	5,230	5,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,495	1,080	415	2,890	1,705	1,190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	675	395	280	2,060	1,060	1,000
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	825	685	135	835	645	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,655	1,490	2,160	3,935	1,860	2,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	660	255	410	725	315	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,070	2,425	2,645	3,320	1,355	1,970
Bachelor's degree	3,215	1,480	1,735	2,400	910	1,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	480	210	270	300	95	205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	60	45	55	25	35
Master's degree	1,120	580	540	515	285	230
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	150	100	50	60	35	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,440	4,915	5,525	11,765	5,665	6,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	340	165	175	830	510	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,805	1,335	1,465	2,170	1,045	1,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,295	3,420	3,880	8,765	4,115	4,655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860	665	195	2,265	1,285	975
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	385	250	135	1,650	820	830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	470	415	60	615	465	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,395	985	1,415	2,980	1,405	1,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	175	265	565	235	330
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,600	1,595	2,005	2,955	1,185	1,775
Bachelor's degree	2,345	1,020	1,325	2,135	810	1,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	310	125	185	250	70	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	35	40	10	35
Master's degree	815	380	430	470	255	215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	80	50	30	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,080	8,670	9,420	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,195	3,410	3,785	6,225	3,190	3,040
Education	1,000	210	790	810	140	670
13. Education	1,000	210	790	815	135	670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	220	295	345	175	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	70	35	105	75	25
50. Visual and performing arts	410	155	260	240	95	145
Humanities	605	255	355	440	180	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	15	35	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	205	65	135	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	110	70	310	135	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	20	15	10
54. History	100	50	55	35	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	35	10	30	30	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,290	400	890	770	185	585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	25	145	125	15	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	150	155	10	150
22. Legal professions and studies	230	75	155	115	25	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	15	10	10
42. Psychology	240	50	190	165	50	110
45. Social sciences	485	240	240	190	80	110
Business, management and public administration	2,440	1,125	1,315	2,940	1,085	1,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	15	75	120	20	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,340	1,105	1,235	2,820	1,070	1,750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	435	235	200	360	215	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	70	70	115	50	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	50	70	55	35	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	15	55	20	30
40. Physical sciences	145	115	30	90	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	55	45	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	170	110	430	280	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	140	65	370	265	105
25. Library science	20	0	15	15	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	30	35	0	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,065	1,910	150	2,420	2,205	210
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	15	85	40	50
14. Engineering	565	490	75	370	320	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	435	395	40	680	615	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	405	395	10	490	465	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	365	15	520	510	10
48. Precision production	210	205	10	280	265	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	90	60	115	65	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	75	45	35	100	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	45	20	20	15	0
Health and related fields	1,530	320	1,215	1,380	250	1,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	160	60	100	75	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,360	240	1,110	1,295	205	1,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	320	255	865	445	425
12. Personal and culinary services	290	60	225	405	75	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	60	15	285	195	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	190	10	165	165	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,440	4,920	5,525	11,765	5,660	6,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,145	1,500	1,645	3,000	1,550	1,445
Education	620	110	510	630	100	525
13. Education	620	110	510	625	100	530
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	150	235	285	140	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	20	85	55	25
50. Visual and performing arts	320	110	215	200	85	115
Humanities	430	175	260	315	135	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	140	40	100	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	75	50	210	95	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	20	15	0
54. History	85	45	40	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	975	280	690	615	140	475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	25	115	95	10	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	105	140	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	195	45	140	80	20	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	180	45	140	140	40	105
45. Social sciences	345	170	175	150	70	85
Business, management and public administration	1,715	805	910	2,485	905	1,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	40	100	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,665	795	865	2,380	895	1,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	130	140	250	155	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	30	50	90	30	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	30	45	35	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	95	65	30	85	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	35	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	135	85	355	220	140
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	125	55	320	210	110
25. Library science	15	0	15	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,305	1,180	125	1,880	1,710	170
04. Architecture and related services	55	50	15	55	25	30
14. Engineering	340	280	60	320	280	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	265	230	30	565	505	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	270	260	10	355	340	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	245	10	370	365	10
48. Precision production	130	125	0	220	200	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	55	50	90	55	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	30	35	75	45	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	15	10	10
Health and related fields	920	220	695	1,130	180	950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	135	65	70	60	30	35
51. Health professions and related programs	780	155	625	1,065	150	910
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	355	190	170	735	370	360
12. Personal and culinary services	185	45	145	355	65	290
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15	220	150	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	95	0	145	145	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,085	8,665	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,200	3,410	3,785	6,225	3,190	3,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,885	5,255	5,625	10,880	5,230	5,645
Location of study inside Canada	8,725	4,125	4,605	10,590	5,060	5,530
Same as province or territory of residence	6,525	3,040	3,485	10,465	4,995	5,470
Different than province or territory of residence	2,205	1,085	1,115	125	65	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,155	1,130	1,025	285	165	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	400	260	145	30	20	10
Philippines	95	30	65	0	0	0
India	45	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	525	275	245	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	205	100	105	0	0	0
France	35	10	25	125	85	40
Other	860	440	420	130	60	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,440	4,915	5,525	11,760	5,665	6,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,145	1,500	1,645	3,000	1,555	1,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,295	3,420	3,880	8,765	4,110	4,655
Location of study inside Canada	6,075	2,790	3,285	8,545	3,995	4,550
Same as province or territory of residence	4,770	2,165	2,605	8,445	3,935	4,510
Different than province or territory of residence	1,310	630	680	95	55	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,220	625	595	225	120	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	235	155	85	30	20	0
Philippines	70	25	45	0	0	0
India	25	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	105	80	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	190	90	100	10	0	0
France	30	15	20	95	60	30
Other	480	235	250	95	35	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	18,085	8,665	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,685
In the labour force	10,825	5,580	5,250	12,535	6,290	6,245
Employed	10,310	5,295	5,015	12,045	6,015	6,035
Unemployed	515	285	230	485	275	210
Not in the labour force	7,255	3,085	4,170	4,575	2,130	2,440
Participation rate	59.9	64.4	55.8	73.3	74.7	71.9
Employment rate	57.0	61.1	53.3	70.4	71.4	69.5
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.1	4.4	3.9	4.4	3.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	18,080	8,665	9,415	17,105	8,420	8,685
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,515	2,740	3,775	4,035	1,855	2,180
Worked	11,570	5,925	5,645	13,070	6,570	6,505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,505	3,155	2,350	6,560	3,480	3,080
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,065	2,770	3,295	6,515	3,085	3,430
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.5	41.8	43.7	43.8	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,825	5,580	5,250	12,530	6,290	6,245
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	80	45	140	70	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,705	5,500	5,205	12,390	6,215	6,170
Employee	8,850	4,340	4,510	11,060	5,395	5,665
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,860	1,165	695	1,330	820	510
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,825	5,580	5,245	12,530	6,290	6,245
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	75	45	140	70	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,705	5,500	5,205	12,390	6,215	6,170
0 Management occupations	1,725	1,120	600	1,385	885	495
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,885	555	1,330	2,365	655	1,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	820	670	150	925	710	220
3 Health occupations	530	115	415	885	135	750
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,350	445	910	1,545	425	1,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	530	235	295	340	165	175
6 Sales and service occupations	2,370	990	1,375	2,595	1,115	1,480
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,210	1,135	80	1,745	1,660	90
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	165	135	30	110	80	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	95	30	485	385	100
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,825	5,580	5,250	12,535	6,290	6,245
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	75	45	145	70	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,705	5,500	5,205	12,390	6,215	6,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	65	35	75	50	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	10	30	25	0
22 Utilities	35	30	10	205	155	50
23 Construction	775	660	110	775	680	90
31-33 Manufacturing	470	330	145	1,470	1,090	385
41 Wholesale trade	520	345	170	615	395	220
44-45 Retail trade	1,215	585	640	1,650	765	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	870	605	265	545	400	140
51 Information and cultural industries	265	185	85	335	190	145
52 Finance and insurance	495	220	275	560	195	370
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	335	160	175	130	75	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,215	665	550	770	370	400
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	20	0	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	450	265	190	545	310	235
61 Educational services	960	280	675	1,035	270	765
62 Health care and social assistance	925	190	740	1,500	240	1,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	380	170	205	195	110	85
72 Accommodation and food services	595	200	395	565	255	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	510	210	305	620	255	370
91 Public administration	515	285	230	745	390	350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,315	5,290	5,015	12,050	6,015	6,035
Worked at home	1,260	630	630	615	310	305
Worked outside Canada	105	75	25	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,205	860	340	925	735	195
Worked at usual place	7,745	3,730	4,015	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,745	3,730	4,015	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,390	1,340	2,050	2,615	1,270	1,350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,265	2,330	1,935	455	230	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40	35	10	7,415	3,455	3,965
Commute to a different province or territory	50	30	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,950	4,590	4,355	11,410	5,685	5,725
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,950	3,805	3,145	9,575	4,955	4,620
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	410	170	235	370	140	235
Public transit	805	315	490	900	350	550
Walked	520	150	370	355	145	210
Bicycle	90	45	50	140	65	80
Other method	165	95	75	70	35	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,945	4,590	4,360	11,415	5,685	5,730
Less than 15 minutes	2,245	870	1,375	2,765	1,300	1,470
15 to 29 minutes	2,010	1,070	935	4,220	2,095	2,130
30 to 44 minutes	2,215	1,300	915	2,410	1,275	1,125
45 to 59 minutes	1,310	730	585	1,135	550	585
60 minutes and over	1,170	615	550	880	465	415
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,950	4,590	4,360	11,415	5,685	5,730
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	755	485	265	1,075	865	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,730	1,110	615	2,175	1,300	875
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,230	1,155	1,075	3,730	1,685	2,040
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,795	760	1,035	1,995	610	1,385
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,195	525	675	920	380	535
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,245	550	695	1,520	845	675
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,900	6,070	5,825	13,300	6,680	6,615
Single responses	11,830	6,040	5,795	12,805	6,445	6,360
Official languages	11,710	5,960	5,750	12,805	6,450	6,360
English	11,675	5,950	5,720	405	255	145
French	30	0	25	12,405	6,195	6,215
Non-official languages	125	75	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	125	80	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	70	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	70	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	60	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	35	35	490	235	260
English and French	10	0	10	475	235	245
English and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,895	6,070	5,825	13,300	6,685	6,615
None	11,540	5,950	5,590	9,615	4,635	4,980
English	90	40	50	3,330	1,830	1,495
French	120	40	80	325	200	125
Non-official language	140	40	105	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	35	105	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	21,005	10,160	10,855	20,655	10,245	10,410
Non-movers	18,495	8,960	9,535	18,615	9,280	9,330
Movers	2,515	1,200	1,315	2,040	965	1,080
Non-migrants	1,350	620	730	995	475	520
Migrants	1,165	575	585	1,045	485	560
Internal migrants	1,045	530	515	1,040	485	555
Intraprovincial migrants	915	465	450	1,005	470	535
Interprovincial migrants	135	70	65	35	15	20
External migrants	110	45	70	10	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,405	9,895	10,510	19,725	9,780	9,940
Non-movers	13,480	6,590	6,890	13,965	7,040	6,925
Movers	6,925	3,305	3,625	5,755	2,740	3,015
Non-migrants	3,905	1,785	2,120	2,900	1,405	1,500
Migrants	3,025	1,520	1,505	2,855	1,340	1,520
Internal migrants	2,565	1,300	1,260	2,735	1,290	1,445
Intraprovincial migrants	2,280	1,155	1,125	2,710	1,275	1,435
Interprovincial migrants	285	140	140	30	15	10
External migrants	460	220	240	120	50	70

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia and Varennes, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec