Census Profile, 2016 Census
Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Langley, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Howie Centre Nova Scotia [Population centre]			Langley, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia Map : Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Langley, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,733	...	...	117,285	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,783 ^r	...	...	104,177	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	696	...	...	43,720	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	692	...	...	41,982	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	408.7	...	...	380.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.24	...	...	308.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,735	835	895	117,285	57,240	60,050
0 to 14 years	265	135	130	21,580	10,965	10,615
0 to 4 years	75	35	40	6,645	3,395	3,245
5 to 9 years	95	45	50	7,405	3,800	3,605
10 to 14 years	95	55	35	7,530	3,770	3,765
15 to 64 years	1,230	590	635	77,145	37,750	39,395
15 to 19 years	125	65	55	7,580	3,915	3,660
20 to 24 years	100	60	40	6,755	3,450	3,305
25 to 29 years	85	45	40	6,260	2,990	3,275
30 to 34 years	70	35	35	7,280	3,565	3,715
35 to 39 years	95	50	50	7,630	3,665	3,965
40 to 44 years	105	45	60	8,075	3,855	4,225
45 to 49 years	140	60	75	8,515	4,075	4,445
50 to 54 years	160	70	90	8,990	4,435	4,555
55 to 59 years	165	75	90	8,630	4,165	4,460
60 to 64 years	185	90	95	7,440	3,640	3,800
65 years and over	240	110	125	18,560	8,520	10,040
65 to 69 years	115	60	55	6,390	3,065	3,330
70 to 74 years	55	25	30	4,630	2,210	2,425
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	3,030	1,460	1,570
80 to 84 years	20	5	10	2,135	955	1,180
85 years and over	15	0	10	2,375	835	1,540
85 to 89 years	5	5	10	1,470	565	905
90 to 94 years	10	0	5	720	230	485
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	165	35	130
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	10	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	16.2	14.5	18.4	19.2	17.7
15 to 64 years	70.9	70.7	70.9	65.8	66.0	65.6
65 years and over	13.8	13.2	14.0	15.8	14.9	16.7
85 years and over	0.9	0.0	1.1	2.0	1.5	2.6
Average age of the population	41.9	40.8	42.9	40.2	39.4	41.0
Median age of the population	45.7	43.6	47.0	41.0	40.1	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	695	...	...	41,985	...	...
Single-detached house	440	...	...	21,685	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,095	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15	...	...	17,485	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	925	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	7,295	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	5,940	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	3,260	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	235	...	...	1,715	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	695	...	...	41,980	...	...
1 person	155	...	...	8,455	...	...
2 persons	245	...	...	14,100	...	...
3 persons	135	...	...	6,945	...	...
4 persons	115	...	...	7,475	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	5,010	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,735	...	...	115,835	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,470	700	760	95,705	46,275	49,430
Married or living common law	865	435	435	60,675	30,215	30,460
Married	755	375	380	52,845	26,315	26,535
Living common law	115	60	55	7,830	3,905	3,930
Not married and not living common law	600	270	330	35,025	16,055	18,970
Never married	380	210	170	22,595	12,120	10,480
Separated	50	15	35	2,305	915	1,390
Divorced	100	35	65	5,435	2,045	3,390
Widowed	70	15	60	4,690	970	3,715
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	530	...	...	34,150	...	...
2 persons	265	...	...	16,225	...	...
3 persons	135	...	...	7,195	...	...
4 persons	110	...	...	7,615	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	3,115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	530	...	...	34,150	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...	29,710	...	...
Married couples	370	...	...	25,795	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	3,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	105	...	...	4,440	...	...
Female parent	80	...	...	3,430	...	...
Male parent	25	...	...	1,010	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	430	...	...	29,710	...	...
Couples without children	210	...	...	13,590	...	...
Couples with children	225	...	...	16,125	...	...
1 child	95	...	...	5,810	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	7,290	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	3,025	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	4,440	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	2,645	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	1,385	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	225	90	135	14,745	6,580	8,165
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	690	...	...	41,980	...	...
One-census-family households	500	...	...	30,770	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	200	...	...	12,020	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	300	...	...	18,755	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	1,640	...	...
Non-census-family households	175	...	...	9,570	...	...
One-person households	155	...	...	8,450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	1,120	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,735	835	895	116,315	56,865	59,450
English only	1,600	775	825	108,570	53,575	54,990
French only	0	0	0	30	10	20
English and French	135	65	70	6,090	2,590	3,500
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,625	685	940
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,730	840	895	116,310	56,865	59,450
English	1,700	820	875	113,490	55,615	57,875
French	30	20	15	910	445	475
English and French	0	0	0	305	130	175
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,600	675	925
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	35	15	15	1,070	505	560
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	1.8	1.7	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,735	835	895	116,315	56,865	59,450
Single responses	1,725	835	895	114,565	56,000	58,565
Official languages	1,705	820	885	94,175	46,360	47,820
English	1,670	805	865	93,155	45,865	47,290
French	35	15	15	1,020	495	525
Non-official languages	25	15	10	20,390	9,635	10,750
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	5	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	20,380	9,635	10,745
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	355	180	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	355	175	175
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	10
Arabic	0	0	0	310	150	155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	920	470	450
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	895	455	440
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,070	420	650
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	15	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	25	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	900	350	545
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	65	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	35	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	10,250	4,955	5,295
Albanian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	1,625	755	870
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	1,615	750	870
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	185	100	80
Czech	0	0	0	130	55	75
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	415	190	220
Russian	0	0	0	455	210	245
Serbian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	50	15	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ukrainian	5	0	0	185	80	110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	3,195	1,535	1,665
Afrikaans	0	0	0	105	45	55
Danish	0	0	0	135	60	75
Dutch	0	0	5	950	445	505
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5
German	10	5	0	1,870	915	955
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Swedish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	125	65	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,220	1,570	1,655
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,895	1,405	1,485
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hindi	0	0	0	250	115	130
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,465	1,200	1,265
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	310	155	160
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	295	145	150
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,010	990	1,025
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	425	245	180
Portuguese	0	0	0	295	130	165
Romanian	0	0	0	215	100	115
Spanish	0	0	0	1,075	510	565
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	300	115	180
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Korean	10	5	5	3,145	1,430	1,715
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,725	1,965
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,685	1,930
Cantonese	0	0	0	545	245	295
Hakka	0	0	0	20	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	270	125	145
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	25	55
Lao	0	0	0	40	20	20
Thai	0	0	0	40	5	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	330	180	150
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	80	40	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	240	135	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	5	5	5	1,750	865	885
English and French	0	0	0	195	105	85
English and non-official language	5	0	0	1,480	720	755
French and non-official language	0	5	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,735	835	895	116,315	56,865	59,450
Single responses	1,730	835	895	112,735	55,160	57,575
Official languages	1,720	830	890	102,920	50,525	52,400
English	1,705	825	885	102,700	50,410	52,285
French	10	10	5	225	115	110
Non-official languages	10	0	5	9,815	4,640	5,175
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	9,815	4,640	5,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	155	85	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	625	315	310
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	615	305	310
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	355	165	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	320	145	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	5	0	3,350	1,620	1,730
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	595	285	310
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	595	285	315
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	65	75
Russian	0	0	0	260	120	140
Serbian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	5	0	0	265	130	135
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	75	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	140	70	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,715	825	890
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	745	800
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	105	45	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,395	675	720
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	155	75	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	150	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	715	350	360
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	30	45
Romanian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Spanish	0	0	0	520	265	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	135	55	80
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	2,465	1,110	1,355
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,540	1,205	1,330
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,475	1,175	1,295
Cantonese	0	0	0	275	115	160
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,995	970	1,035
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	140	65	80
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	3,575	1,700	1,875
English and French	0	0	0	95	40	55
English and non-official language	5	5	5	3,415	1,630	1,785
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,730	840	895	116,315	56,865	59,450
None	1,700	820	880	105,285	51,715	53,570
English	10	5	0	4,265	2,040	2,225
French	10	10	5	700	300	400
Non-official language	15	5	5	5,945	2,750	3,200
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	5	5,940	2,745	3,195
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,465	705	765	94,280	45,750	48,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,390	670	720	90,395	43,925	46,470
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,151	41,446	31,445	38,684	50,954	30,257
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,390	670	725	90,515	44,030	46,485
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,872	36,448	28,301	34,400	43,540	27,825
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,245	615	635	84,175	41,740	42,435
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,683	38,144	28,224	36,668	49,697	27,228
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,030	460	570	58,550	23,420	35,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,664	8,480	6,480	4,822	4,398	4,973
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,060	515	545	71,035	36,440	34,600
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,896	38,229	27,968	37,423	50,542	28,310
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,440	670	765	94,280	45,755	48,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,340	635	705	90,405	43,900	46,505
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,264	53,144	34,347	49,994	61,258	39,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,340	635	705	90,495	43,985	46,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,897	43,278	29,236	41,408	49,406	33,844
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,205	590	615	84,180	41,640	42,535
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,628	49,401	32,218	48,513	60,224	37,048
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	955	400	550	58,445	23,365	35,075
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,441	11,474	7,945	7,460	7,769	7,254
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,025	510	520	71,035	36,320	34,710
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,654	48,627	32,792	46,859	57,936	35,268
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,440	670	770	94,275	45,755	48,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	495	275	220	33,170	19,560	13,605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	53,062	58,303	42,804	59,476	68,483	49,003
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,802	64,817	48,965	67,198	76,314	54,093
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.4	86.1	81.6	90.5	93.5	86.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.1	73.1	70.3	73.8	78.0	67.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.7	14.0	17.8	9.5	6.5	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,465	705	765	94,275	45,750	48,530
Without total income	80	35	40	3,880	1,825	2,055
With total income	1,395	670	720	90,400	43,925	46,470
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.0	94.1	95.9	96.0	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	160	65	100	12,310	4,580	7,730
$10,000 to $19,999	215	75	145	13,205	4,725	8,480
$20,000 to $29,999	205	90	110	11,095	4,245	6,850
$30,000 to $39,999	185	85	100	9,795	4,060	5,740
$40,000 to $49,999	170	75	95	8,850	3,965	4,885
$50,000 to $59,999	130	75	55	7,730	3,930	3,795
$60,000 to $69,999	95	55	40	6,320	3,690	2,625
$70,000 to $79,999	65	40	25	5,035	3,205	1,825
$80,000 to $89,999	60	25	30	4,070	2,625	1,440
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20	2,950	2,005	950
$100,000 and over	65	55	20	9,040	6,895	2,145
$100,000 to $149,999	60	45	15	6,345	4,750	1,595
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	2,700	2,150	550
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,465	705	760	94,275	45,750	48,525
Without after-tax income	75	35	40	3,760	1,725	2,045
With after-tax income	1,395	670	725	90,515	44,030	46,485
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.0	95.4	96.0	96.2	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	65	105	12,840	4,865	7,975
$10,000 to $19,999	230	85	145	13,980	5,140	8,840
$20,000 to $29,999	255	110	140	13,100	5,125	7,975
$30,000 to $39,999	225	105	120	11,750	5,065	6,685
$40,000 to $49,999	200	105	95	10,375	5,080	5,295
$50,000 to $59,999	120	75	40	8,415	4,890	3,525
$60,000 to $69,999	90	35	50	6,210	3,965	2,240
$70,000 to $79,999	50	40	15	4,620	2,975	1,645
$80,000 and over	55	40	15	9,225	6,925	2,300
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	3,015	2,140	875
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,895	1,410	485
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	4,315	3,375	940
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,470	705	760	94,275	45,750	48,525
Without employment income	410	190	220	23,245	9,310	13,930
With employment income	1,060	520	540	71,035	36,440	34,600
Percentage with employment income	72.1	73.8	71.1	75.3	79.7	71.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	120	60	60	10,430	4,555	5,875
$5,000 to $9,999	95	40	55	4,795	1,910	2,885
$10,000 to $19,999	150	60	90	8,400	3,350	5,050
$20,000 to $29,999	125	55	70	6,940	2,810	4,125
$30,000 to $39,999	125	55	70	6,680	2,680	3,995
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	55	6,280	2,745	3,530
$50,000 to $59,999	95	55	40	5,710	3,020	2,690
$60,000 to $69,999	55	35	20	4,840	2,980	1,860
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	20	4,050	2,655	1,395
$80,000 and over	150	95	55	12,920	9,735	3,185
$80,000 to $89,999	55	20	35	3,345	2,245	1,100
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	10	2,460	1,760	700
$100,000 and over	50	40	5	7,115	5,730	1,385
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	695	...	...	41,980	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,936	...	...	90,594	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,208	...	...	77,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	155	...	...	8,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,584	...	...	42,062	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,208	...	...	36,886	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	535	...	...	33,530	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,944	...	...	106,047	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	90,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	665	...	...	41,980	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,117	...	...	107,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,283	...	...	89,258	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	8,500	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,557	...	...	51,458	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,250	...	...	42,923	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	535	...	...	33,480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,358	...	...	121,926	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,418	...	...	101,022	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	690	...	...	41,980	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	555	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	555	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	955	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	1,285	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	1,115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	1,295	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	1,225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	1,360	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	1,380	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	2,800	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	2,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	2,690	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	2,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,425	...	...
$100,000 and over	215	...	...	18,720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	5,545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	4,220	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	4,985	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	3,975	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	695	...	...	41,985	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	360	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	1,450	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	1,420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	1,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	1,535	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	1,710	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1,670	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...	3,450	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	80	...	...	3,255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	3,140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	3,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,785	...	...
$100,000 and over	160	...	...	14,500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...	5,645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,670	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	5,190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	530	...	...	32,960	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,323	...	...	104,492	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,208	...	...	89,233	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	11,880	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	89,022	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,080	...	...	76,885	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	16,160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,016	...	...	126,099	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,195	...	...	106,492	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	4,005	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,888	...	...	60,963	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,536	...	...	54,366	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	535	...	...	32,835	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,573	...	...	120,345	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,768	...	...	99,602	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	11,745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,438	...	...	105,512	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,357	...	...	87,071	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	230	...	...	16,165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,050	...	...	139,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,205	...	...	115,557	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	3,970	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,236	...	...	79,211	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,166	...	...	66,339	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	185	80	110	12,170	5,605	6,565
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,880	39,040	29,504	37,602	43,303	33,856
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,920	33,920	26,944	33,401	37,710	30,410
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	145	65	80	12,140	5,525	6,615
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,565	49,464	27,011	46,791	51,842	42,572
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,245	40,036	23,448	39,267	42,563	36,513
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,735	840	895	115,835	56,705	59,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	885	405	485	45,395	21,285	24,110
In the bottom decile	90	35	50	8,515	3,915	4,595
In the second decile	165	70	95	7,505	3,330	4,175
In the third decile	180	85	95	8,775	4,040	4,730
In the fourth decile	230	110	120	9,465	4,550	4,910
In the fifth decile	220	105	120	11,145	5,450	5,690
In the top half of the distribution	850	440	410	70,440	35,420	35,020
In the sixth decile	215	115	95	12,065	5,920	6,145
In the seventh decile	145	70	75	13,220	6,570	6,645
In the eighth decile	205	100	105	14,945	7,505	7,440
In the ninth decile	165	80	80	15,690	7,935	7,750
In the top decile	120	65	55	14,520	7,485	7,030
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,730	835	895	115,830	56,700	59,130
0 to 17 years	340	170	170	26,200	13,320	12,880
0 to 5 years	90	45	45	8,080	4,120	3,955
18 to 64 years	1,155	560	600	72,205	35,185	37,020
65 years and over	240	110	125	17,430	8,200	9,230
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	160	60	100	11,280	5,055	6,230
0 to 17 years	55	30	30	3,240	1,640	1,605
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	800	400	395
18 to 64 years	80	25	55	6,235	2,710	3,520
65 years and over	30	5	25	1,810	700	1,105
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	7.2	11.2	9.7	8.9	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	16.2	17.6	17.6	12.4	12.3	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	22.2	22.2	22.2	9.9	9.7	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	4.5	9.2	8.6	7.7	9.5
65 years and over (%)	12.5	4.5	20.0	10.4	8.5	12.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	25	30	8,320	3,740	4,580
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	2,400	1,185	1,215
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	550	270	280
18 to 64 years	40	15	25	5,125	2,265	2,860
65 years and over	5	0	5	805	295	510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.0	3.4	7.2	6.6	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	9.2	8.9	9.4
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	11.1	6.8	6.6	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	2.7	4.2	7.1	6.4	7.7
65 years and over (%)	2.1	0.0	4.0	4.6	3.6	5.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,670	780	890	115,835	56,705	59,125
Official languages	1,665	780	890	114,345	56,090	58,255
English	1,670	780	885	114,325	56,075	58,250
French	95	45	55	6,005	2,510	3,490
Non-official languages	40	25	15	25,265	11,955	13,305
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	25,230	11,940	13,290
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	490	245	245
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	490	245	250
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	0	0	0	410	205	205
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	70	35	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,165	600	560
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,155	605	555
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,415	585	830
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	85	0	80
Fijian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	20	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	120	60	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,205	475	725
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	13,595	6,580	7,020
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,840	855	985
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,835	850	980
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	15	35
Croatian	0	0	0	205	100	100
Czech	0	0	0	210	105	105
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	400	210	190
Russian	0	0	0	575	265	310
Serbian	0	0	0	175	85	90
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	70	15	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	280	115	165
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	40	15	30
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Germanic languages	0	0	0	4,020	1,845	2,180
Afrikaans	0	0	0	250	135	120
Danish	0	0	0	115	45	65
Dutch	0	0	0	1,270	550	720
Frisian	0	0	0	30	10	15
German	0	0	0	2,375	1,100	1,275
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	85	50	40
Swedish	0	0	0	60	40	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	225	160	70
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,270	2,115	2,155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,950	1,945	2,010
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	70	30	40
Hindi	0	0	0	980	470	510
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	65	15	45
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,240	1,585	1,650
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Urdu	0	0	0	105	45	60
Iranian languages	0	0	0	300	170	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	280	160	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	40
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	3,520	1,745	1,775
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	10	0	525	325	200
Portuguese	0	0	0	470	245	225
Romanian	0	0	0	270	110	160
Spanish	0	0	0	2,355	1,130	1,230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	560	280	275
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	3,445	1,525	1,915
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	200	105	95
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	45	30	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	55	20	30
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	15	20
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Sign languages	0	0	0	210	65	145
American Sign Language	0	0	0	150	40	110
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	20	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	4,005	1,880	2,120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,985	1,875	2,110
Cantonese	0	0	0	780	350	425
Hakka	0	0	0	40	15	20
Mandarin	0	0	0	3,255	1,530	1,725
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	340	160	185
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	45	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	115	35	85
Lao	0	0	0	55	25	35
Thai	0	0	0	65	20	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	50	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	75	45	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	435	225	210
Estonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Finnish	0	0	0	100	55	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	305	155	150
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,665	780	885	115,830	56,705	59,125
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,645	765	875	109,255	53,705	55,550
Canadian citizens aged under 18	315	135	180	25,045	12,795	12,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325	635	695	84,210	40,910	43,305
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	25	10	15	6,580	3,005	3,575
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,670	780	885	115,835	56,705	59,125
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,620	750	870	91,920	45,450	46,475
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	40	30	15	22,495	10,550	11,945
Before 1981	15	10	10	7,750	3,655	4,095
1981 to 1990	10	10	0	2,385	1,215	1,170
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	4,175	2,010	2,160
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	5,570	2,505	3,065
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	2,645	1,230	1,415
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,920	1,275	1,645
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	10	0	2,615	1,160	1,460
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	1,415	705	710
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	40	30	15	22,495	10,550	11,945
Under 5 years	15	0	10	2,705	1,305	1,400
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	4,680	2,360	2,320
15 to 24 years	15	15	0	4,790	2,175	2,610
25 to 44 years	10	10	0	8,585	3,865	4,715
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,735	835	900
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	40	30	15	22,490	10,550	11,945
Americas	10	10	0	2,530	1,110	1,420
Brazil	0	0	0	100	50	55
Colombia	0	0	0	75	35	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	140	70	70
Guyana	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mexico	0	0	0	305	125	180
Peru	0	0	0	80	30	55
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	65	25	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	1,245	515	735
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	405	205	195
Europe	20	20	10	8,070	3,935	4,135
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	105	55	50
Croatia	0	0	0	90	50	35
France	0	0	0	80	35	45
Germany	0	0	10	855	425	425
Greece	0	0	0	70	55	15
Hungary	0	0	0	140	80	60
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	150	75	75
Italy	0	0	0	225	155	75
Netherlands	0	0	0	990	450	545
Poland	0	0	0	345	155	190
Portugal	0	0	0	155	85	70
Romania	0	0	0	255	120	135
Russian Federation	0	0	0	175	70	105
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	70	25	40
Ukraine	0	0	0	185	75	110
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	20	0	3,350	1,600	1,750
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	835	430	410
Africa	0	0	0	960	500	460
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	175	85	90
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	65	20	45
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	90	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	340	190	155
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	260	145	120
Asia	10	0	10	10,335	4,730	5,600
Afghanistan	0	0	0	65	30	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	1,480	675	805
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	235	115	120
India	0	0	0	1,855	880	970
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	145	90	60
Iraq	0	0	0	55	35	20
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	135
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	2,650	1,185	1,470
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	95	45	50
Philippines	0	0	0	1,235	495	740
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	830	430	400
Viet Nam	0	0	0	745	355	390
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	670	300	370
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	600	275	325
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	2,620	1,155	1,455
Americas	0	0	0	305	110	195
Brazil	0	0	0	35	10	20
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	45	20	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	150	55	95
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	15	35
Europe	10	0	0	265	160	100
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	95	55	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	85	55	25
Africa	0	0	0	130	65	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	25	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	1,895	800	1,090
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	520	240	280
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	220	85	130
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	555	250	305
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	265	85	185
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	145	60	80
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	80	45	35
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,665	775	890	115,835	56,705	59,125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	70	40	25	24,655	11,630	13,025
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	90	50	35	27,120	13,370	13,750
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,510	685	825	64,060	31,710	32,350
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	25	10	10	15,125	7,085	8,035
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	10	0	9,355	4,510	4,845
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	3,210	2,140	1,075
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	6,145	2,380	3,765
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	10	10	4,615	1,930	2,685
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,080	600	480
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	75	50	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,665	780	890	115,835	56,710	59,125
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	40	20	20	4,310	1,990	2,320
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	15	15	4,210	1,950	2,265
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	10	1,870	845	1,025
Métis	10	10	10	2,320	1,085	1,230
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	65	30	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,630	760	870	111,520	54,715	56,810
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,670	780	890	115,835	56,710	59,125
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	945	375	570
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,660	775	880	114,890	56,330	58,555
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,670	775	890	115,835	56,710	59,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	10	10	415	190	230
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	10	410	185	225
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	240	100	140
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	165	80	80
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	50	20	35	4,975	2,375	2,605
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	45	20	30	4,815	2,285	2,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	30	2,745	1,290	1,455
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	2,035	975	1,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	160	90	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	160	90	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,600	755	845	110,440	54,145	56,295
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,665	775	885	115,835	56,705	59,125
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	45	20	25	21,605	10,420	11,180
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	5,140	2,555	2,585
Chinese	10	0	10	4,810	2,295	2,510
Black	15	10	10	1,205	615	590
Filipino	0	0	0	1,915	865	1,055
Latin American	0	0	0	1,100	515	585
Arab	0	0	0	360	200	160
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,600	835	765
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	355	215	130
Korean	20	10	10	3,550	1,565	1,980
Japanese	0	0	0	895	400	495
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	105	60	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	575	305	270
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,620	760	865	94,225	46,285	47,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,665	780	885	115,835	56,705	59,125
North American Aboriginal origins	65	20	40	5,395	2,565	2,835
First Nations (North American Indian)	60	20	35	3,155	1,485	1,675
Inuit	0	0	0	45	20	20
Métis	10	0	0	2,370	1,150	1,215
Other North American origins	615	290	325	28,380	13,880	14,500
Acadian	10	0	10	30	15	15
American	20	10	10	2,290	1,115	1,175
Canadian	580	280	305	26,995	13,240	13,755
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	65	35	35
Nova Scotian	15	0	10	20	15	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,340	630	705	85,995	42,090	43,910
British Isles origins	1,165	555	605	58,320	28,060	30,260
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	465	215	250	37,225	17,930	19,295
Irish	400	190	210	19,470	9,165	10,300
Manx	0	0	0	40	15	25
Scottish	805	385	425	25,770	12,115	13,650
Welsh	40	15	30	3,280	1,530	1,750
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	10	10	3,495	1,580	1,915
French origins	335	165	175	10,585	5,170	5,420
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	340	165	170	10,580	5,165	5,415
Western European origins (except French origins)	125	50	80	29,980	14,755	15,225
Austrian	10	0	10	1,675	825	850
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	685	335	350
Dutch	25	15	10	9,995	4,925	5,065
Flemish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	105	35	65	20,220	10,020	10,195
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swiss	0	0	0	815	415	400
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	50	20	25	10,890	5,315	5,575
Danish	10	0	15	1,865	910	955
Finnish	0	0	0	1,015	495	525
Icelandic	0	0	0	925	455	465
Norwegian	10	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,300
Swedish	15	10	10	3,355	1,570	1,780
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	400	215	180
Eastern European origins	100	35	65	18,005	8,800	9,200
Bulgarian	0	0	0	135	50	80
Byelorussian	0	0	0	50	40	15
Czech	0	0	0	790	405	385
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	190	85	100
Estonian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Hungarian	20	10	15	1,965	960	1,005
Latvian	0	0	0	135	60	75
Lithuanian	0	0	0	130	70	55
Moldovan	0	0	0	35	0	30
Polish	50	15	25	4,380	2,175	2,205
Romanian	0	0	0	910	400	510
Russian	0	0	0	3,965	1,865	2,095
Slovak	0	0	0	360	135	230
Ukrainian	20	10	10	7,900	3,840	4,060
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	25	45
Southern European origins	90	55	40	8,420	4,245	4,180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	660	310	350
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	0	10
Greek	10	10	0	595	340	255
Italian	60	20	35	4,445	2,255	2,190
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	25
Maltese	0	0	0	70	55	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	10	0	1,055	520	540
Serbian	0	0	0	230	100	125
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	150	95	55
Spanish	15	20	10	1,435	695	740
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	185	90	100
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	10	10	0	720	380	340
Basque	0	10	0	15	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	300	140	160
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	375	215	160
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	705	345	360
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	30	20	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	365	175	190
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	35	25	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,065	1,000	1,060
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	80	40	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	80	25	50
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	135	65	70
Chilean	0	0	0	130	75	50
Colombian	0	0	0	120	65	60
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	30	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	0	25
Honduran	0	0	0	75	40	40
Maya	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexican	0	0	0	695	310	385
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	65	55	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	105	50	60
Salvadorean	0	0	0	225	115	115
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	160	75	80
African origins	25	10	10	1,710	845	860
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	295	165	130
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	135	65	60
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	105	65	40
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	20	15
North African origins	0	0	0	325	145	180
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	255	115	145
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	40	10	25
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	655	315	340
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	40	0	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	475	230	245
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other African origins	15	0	10	435	225	210
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	10	415	220	200
Asian origins	50	25	30	19,740	9,460	10,275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	10	1,155	655	500
Afghan	0	0	0	85	55	30
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	130	60	70
Armenian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	335	215	125
Iraqi	0	0	0	80	55	25
Israeli	0	0	0	45	25	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lebanese	20	10	10	110	60	50
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Syrian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Tajik	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	120	55	65
Turkmen	0	0	0	15	15	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	40	15	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	5,000	2,475	2,525
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	4,365	2,180	2,185
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	110	50	60
Punjabi	0	0	0	530	265	260
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	285	135	150
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	15	20	13,590	6,335	7,255
Burmese	0	0	0	0	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Chinese	10	0	10	5,250	2,515	2,735
Filipino	0	0	0	2,080	945	1,130
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	180	65	115
Japanese	0	0	0	1,105	515	585
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	3,590	1,570	2,010
Laotian	0	0	0	110	55	50
Malaysian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	535	235	295
Thai	0	0	0	85	30	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,335	710	630
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	60	25	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	65	25	35
Oceania origins	0	0	0	1,035	585	455
Australian	0	0	0	450	280	165
New Zealander	0	0	0	215	100	110
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	405	215	190
Fijian	0	0	0	300	165	135
Hawaiian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Maori	0	0	0	25	15	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	665	...	...	41,980	...	...
Owner	605	...	...	34,640	...	...
Renter	60	...	...	7,345	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	665	...	...	41,980	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	7,100	...	...
Not condominium	660	...	...	34,885	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	2,815	...	...
2 bedrooms	115	...	...	8,845	...	...
3 bedrooms	385	...	...	14,025	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	160	...	...	16,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	665	...	...	41,980	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	7,795	...	...
5 rooms	165	...	...	6,215	...	...
6 rooms	110	...	...	5,750	...	...
7 rooms	80	...	...	5,525	...	...
8 or more rooms	240	...	...	16,700	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
One person or fewer per room	665	...	...	41,465	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
Suitable	645	...	...	40,770	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	2,020	...	...
1961 to 1980	190	...	...	9,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	195	...	...	7,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	180	...	...	9,155	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	3,595	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	4,915	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	5,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	620	...	...	40,385	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	665	...	...	41,985	...	...
1 household maintainer	360	...	...	22,300	...	...
2 household maintainers	300	...	...	18,295	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,385	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	665	...	...	41,980	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	605	...	...
25 to 34 years	55	...	...	4,855	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	7,870	...	...
45 to 54 years	160	...	...	9,300	...	...
55 to 64 years	200	...	...	8,845	...	...
65 to 74 years	110	...	...	6,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	2,955	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	665	...	...	41,000	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	590	...	...	31,835	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	9,165	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	7,790	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	610	...	...	33,800	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.5	...	...	65.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.9	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	617	...	...	1,479	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	1,587	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,700	...	...	697,350	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	171,600	...	...	755,280	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	7,290	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	1,127	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	875	...	...	1,271	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,440	670	770	94,280	45,755	48,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	270	105	165	13,910	7,340	6,570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	340	180	155	31,470	14,950	16,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	830	385	445	48,895	23,460	25,430
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	120	50	9,655	7,520	2,135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	35	40	3,745	2,235	1,510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	85	15	5,915	5,285	625
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	315	120	195	18,055	6,870	11,180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	35	3,495	1,275	2,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	295	130	170	17,690	7,795	9,895
Bachelor's degree	195	70	120	11,920	5,125	6,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	1,625	550	1,075
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	445	230	220
Master's degree	70	40	30	3,195	1,625	1,570
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	510	270	240
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	990	465	530	62,480	30,200	32,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	60	4,855	2,885	1,975
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	195	105	90	19,320	9,300	10,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	685	310	375	38,310	18,015	20,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	100	30	6,940	5,515	1,425
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	35	25	2,590	1,550	1,040
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	60	10	4,350	3,965	385
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	275	95	175	14,150	5,290	8,865
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	25	2,560	935	1,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	250	105	145	14,655	6,270	8,380
Bachelor's degree	155	55	100	9,805	4,130	5,675
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	1,375	450	920
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	360	160	200
Master's degree	70	40	30	2,720	1,350	1,365
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	395	180	215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,440	675	770	94,275	45,755	48,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	610	285	320	45,380	22,290	23,090
Education	75	30	40	3,985	875	3,110
13. Education	75	30	45	3,985	880	3,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,900	740	1,160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	320	245	75
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,580	495	1,090
Humanities	15	10	10	2,680	1,055	1,625
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	345	100	245
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	630	180	450
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	650	205	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	165	100	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	490	285	205
54. History	0	0	0	335	180	150
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	60	0	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	15	65	5,110	1,605	3,505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	20	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	385	130	255
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	1,010	35	975
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	865	160	700
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	115	35	75
42. Psychology	30	10	25	860	275	585
45. Social sciences	25	0	20	1,815	940	870
Business, management and public administration	130	45	90	9,660	3,785	5,880
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	465	50	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	130	45	80	9,175	3,725	5,450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	20	10	1,310	655	650
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	490	230	265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	355	175	180
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	20
40. Physical sciences	10	15	0	325	215	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	30	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	15	1,415	875	540
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	1,090	780	310
25. Library science	0	0	0	130	0	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	190	90	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	185	180	0	11,300	10,675	620
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	205	155	55
14. Engineering	20	20	0	1,540	1,345	195
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	50	0	1,835	1,650	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	50	0	3,145	3,080	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	3,000	2,945	60
48. Precision production	35	35	0	1,565	1,500	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	1,100	605	490
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	825	420	400
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	275	185	95
Health and related fields	215	35	175	7,415	1,100	6,315
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	535	270	265
51. Health professions and related programs	190	25	170	6,780	775	6,010
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	95	55	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	35	30	3,015	1,485	1,530
12. Personal and culinary services	45	10	35	1,820	470	1,350
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	570	435	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	15	0	600	555	45
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	990	465	525	62,485	30,200	32,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	310	155	150	24,170	12,185	11,985
Education	55	20	30	2,940	610	2,335
13. Education	55	20	35	2,940	610	2,335
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	1,500	570	935
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	250	185	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,250	380	865
Humanities	10	0	10	2,140	820	1,325
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	290	80	210
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	515	150	365
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	550	170	375
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	75	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	325	185	135
54. History	0	0	0	285	145	140
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	15	50	4,320	1,300	3,015
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	330	100	230
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	835	25	810
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	725	115	610
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	90	30	65
42. Psychology	35	10	25	725	230	495
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	1,555	780	775
Business, management and public administration	110	35	75	7,720	3,010	4,715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	385	35	355
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	105	35	75	7,320	2,975	4,345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	975	475	500
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	380	165	215
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	255	120	135
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	255	170	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	15	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	15	1,230	795	435
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	1,015	735	280
25. Library science	10	0	0	70	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	140	60	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	135	140	0	8,555	8,040	510
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	165	115	45
14. Engineering	20	20	0	1,275	1,095	185
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	35	0	1,315	1,170	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	2,420	2,375	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	2,315	2,270	45
48. Precision production	20	25	0	1,065	1,015	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	855	455	405
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	625	310	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	225	145	80
Health and related fields	185	35	150	5,810	815	4,995
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	15	0	415	205	205
51. Health professions and related programs	165	25	140	5,320	560	4,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	80	50	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	35	30	2,250	1,130	1,130
12. Personal and culinary services	45	15	30	1,290	320	975
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	500	380	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	450	415	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,440	670	765	94,280	45,750	48,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	610	290	320	45,380	22,290	23,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	830	385	445	48,895	23,465	25,430
Location of study inside Canada	815	380	430	40,355	19,310	21,045
Same as province or territory of residence	720	325	395	34,055	16,060	18,000
Different than province or territory of residence	90	55	40	6,295	3,250	3,045
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	0	15	8,545	4,155	4,385
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	10	1,400	750	650
Philippines	0	0	0	600	230	370
India	0	0	0	550	290	260
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,135	590	545
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	695	305	395
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	10	0	10	4,150	1,985	2,165
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	995	465	525	62,480	30,200	32,285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	305	155	150	24,170	12,190	11,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	685	305	375	38,310	18,015	20,295
Location of study inside Canada	670	305	365	31,835	15,020	16,820
Same as province or territory of residence	590	260	330	27,285	12,650	14,630
Different than province or territory of residence	75	40	35	4,555	2,370	2,185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	15	6,470	2,995	3,475
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	10	1,060	545	515
Philippines	0	0	0	500	185	310
India	0	0	0	465	235	235
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	560	305	260
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	675	300	380
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	10	0	10	3,195	1,425	1,770
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,440	675	770	94,275	45,755	48,525
In the labour force	905	445	460	63,410	33,255	30,155
Employed	795	370	430	60,600	31,750	28,855
Unemployed	110	75	35	2,805	1,500	1,300
Not in the labour force	540	230	310	30,865	12,500	18,365
Participation rate	62.8	65.9	59.7	67.3	72.7	62.1
Employment rate	55.2	54.8	55.8	64.3	69.4	59.5
Unemployment rate	12.2	16.9	7.6	4.4	4.5	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,440	670	770	94,275	45,755	48,520
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	485	200	290	28,105	11,310	16,795
Worked	955	475	480	66,175	34,445	31,730
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	500	280	225	34,100	20,225	13,880
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	450	190	255	32,070	14,220	17,850
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	41.2	42.9	43.4	44.3	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	905	445	460	63,410	33,255	30,155
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	20	15	790	380	410
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	870	425	440	62,615	32,870	29,745
Employee	805	390	410	53,915	27,515	26,400
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	65	35	25	8,700	5,360	3,345
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	905	445	460	63,410	33,255	30,155
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	20	20	790	385	410
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	865	430	445	62,620	32,875	29,745
0 Management occupations	75	60	20	8,345	5,400	2,945
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	160	40	120	10,445	2,510	7,940
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	40	0	3,285	2,705	585
3 Health occupations	90	10	80	3,595	610	2,985
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	120	55	65	7,075	2,365	4,705
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	20	1,925	755	1,170
6 Sales and service occupations	200	65	130	13,290	5,510	7,785
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	130	125	10	11,235	10,675	560
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	1,765	1,045	720
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	25	10	1,645	1,290	355
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	905	445	460	63,410	33,255	30,155
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	15	20	790	380	410
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	865	425	445	62,615	32,875	29,745
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	2,020	1,010	1,015
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	235	195	30
22 Utilities	15	15	0	395	260	130
23 Construction	110	90	15	7,050	6,050	1,000
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	4,815	3,600	1,215
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	3,445	2,370	1,075
44-45 Retail trade	100	30	65	7,175	3,245	3,925
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	40	0	3,550	2,655	895
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	1,250	725	530
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	10	2,400	930	1,470
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0	1,150	540	610
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	0	30	4,115	2,065	2,045
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	170	80	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	20	2,475	1,415	1,060
61 Educational services	80	30	50	4,740	1,315	3,420
62 Health care and social assistance	150	20	125	5,955	880	5,070
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	15	20	1,400	670	730
72 Accommodation and food services	55	20	35	4,070	1,630	2,445
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	20	25	2,995	1,450	1,550
91 Public administration	75	45	25	3,220	1,775	1,445
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	800	370	425	60,605	31,750	28,855
Worked at home	55	25	25	5,595	2,605	2,995
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	235	155	80
No fixed workplace address	75	70	0	8,945	6,945	2,005
Worked at usual place	670	270	400	45,825	22,050	23,775
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	675	275	400	45,825	22,050	23,775
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	625	250	375	16,280	6,590	9,690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	0	20	25,835	13,675	12,160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	3,515	1,640	1,870
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	200	145	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	745	345	400	54,775	28,990	25,785
Car, truck, van - as a driver	675	325	350	47,095	25,350	21,740
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	55	0	45	2,850	1,240	1,610
Public transit	10	0	0	2,230	1,095	1,140
Walked	0	0	0	1,615	655	955
Bicycle	0	0	0	355	255	95
Other method	10	0	0	635	400	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	745	345	395	54,775	28,995	25,785
Less than 15 minutes	185	70	110	13,030	5,680	7,345
15 to 29 minutes	470	205	265	17,870	8,495	9,375
30 to 44 minutes	80	60	20	12,075	6,790	5,285
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	10	5,480	3,730	1,755
60 minutes and over	10	10	0	6,320	4,300	2,015
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	745	345	400	54,775	28,995	25,780
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	40	10	5,325	4,040	1,280
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	105	50	60	10,850	7,065	3,785
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	240	130	110	14,575	7,295	7,280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	185	70	115	10,305	4,345	5,965
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	0	45	5,980	2,235	3,740
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	110	50	60	7,740	4,005	3,735
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	985	485	495	68,350	35,510	32,835
Single responses	980	490	490	67,695	35,215	32,485
Official languages	980	490	490	66,470	34,550	31,915
English	970	480	490	66,375	34,530	31,845
French	10	10	0	95	25	65
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,225	660	565
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,220	660	570
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	260	125	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	260	125	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	215	115	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	165	85	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	160	80	80
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	405	235	170
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	300	170	140
Chinese languages	0	0	0	305	165	135
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	240	125	115
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	655	295	355
English and French	10	0	10	85	55	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	560	240	325
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	985	485	495	68,345	35,510	32,840
None	960	465	490	65,785	34,210	31,575
English	10	10	0	625	320	300
French	10	10	0	390	155	240
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,535	820	720
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,650	770	885	114,600	56,120	58,475
Non-movers	1,560	730	830	98,360	48,415	49,945
Movers	90	40	50	16,235	7,705	8,530
Non-migrants	60	30	30	7,240	3,355	3,880
Migrants	30	15	20	8,995	4,355	4,645
Internal migrants	30	10	20	8,030	3,880	4,155
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	7,190	3,455	3,735
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	20	840	425	420
External migrants	0	0	0	965	475	495
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,600	745	855	109,170	53,335	55,840
Non-movers	1,320	620	705	63,035	31,315	31,720
Movers	275	130	145	46,135	22,020	24,120
Non-migrants	185	85	100	20,365	9,690	10,670
Migrants	85	40	50	25,775	12,325	13,450
Internal migrants	50	20	30	22,405	10,745	11,665
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	10	19,920	9,570	10,350
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	15	2,490	1,180	1,310
External migrants	40	20	20	3,370	1,580	1,790

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Langley, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Langley, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Langley, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Howie Centre [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Langley, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia