Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Quebec [Province]			Vancouver British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Quebec [Province]  Map : Quebec [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Vancouver [Population centre], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	8,164,361	...	...	2,264,823	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	7,903,001	...	...	2,124,443r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	3,858,943	...	...	944,471	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	3,531,663	...	...	883,021	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.0	...	...	2,584.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,356,625.27	...	...	876.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605	2,264,840	1,106,730	1,158,110
0 to 14 years	1,333,260	682,535	650,720	332,860	171,850	161,010
0 to 4 years	444,930	227,965	216,970	108,000	55,780	52,215
5 to 9 years	469,165	240,225	228,940	112,660	58,265	54,390
10 to 14 years	419,160	214,345	204,815	112,210	57,805	54,405
15 to 64 years	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280	1,590,165	779,140	811,025
15 to 19 years	429,825	219,070	210,755	130,305	67,075	63,235
20 to 24 years	500,100	252,600	247,500	157,125	80,180	76,945
25 to 29 years	495,410	248,030	247,380	171,840	85,320	86,520
30 to 34 years	515,505	256,440	259,070	173,775	85,695	88,085
35 to 39 years	550,540	274,595	275,945	158,025	76,495	81,535
40 to 44 years	506,525	254,100	252,425	156,065	73,760	82,305
45 to 49 years	519,425	260,410	259,015	169,655	80,975	88,680
50 to 54 years	619,435	309,070	310,370	175,260	85,500	89,755
55 to 59 years	636,475	314,190	322,285	160,745	77,680	83,065
60 to 64 years	562,670	276,140	286,535	137,355	66,470	70,895
65 years and over	1,495,195	669,590	825,605	341,810	155,735	186,075
65 to 69 years	488,175	236,395	251,775	116,465	55,805	60,665
70 to 74 years	373,590	176,905	196,690	78,455	37,000	41,455
75 to 79 years	256,905	116,020	140,890	58,795	26,925	31,865
80 to 84 years	187,835	78,390	109,450	43,350	19,515	23,835
85 years and over	188,685	61,885	126,805	44,750	16,495	28,255
85 to 89 years	120,635	43,795	76,840	27,640	11,195	16,450
90 to 94 years	53,165	15,155	38,015	12,840	4,240	8,600
95 to 99 years	13,035	2,685	10,350	3,610	910	2,700
100 years and over	1,850	255	1,600	655	150	510
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.0	15.7	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.3	64.4	70.2	70.4	70.0
65 years and over	18.3	16.7	19.9	15.1	14.1	16.1
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	2.0	1.5	2.4
Average age of the population	41.9	40.9	42.9	40.6	39.7	41.5
Median age of the population	42.5	41.4	43.6	40.3	39.1	41.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	3,531,660	...	...	883,020	...	...
Single-detached house	1,602,680	...	...	239,120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	187,800	...	...	158,310	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,717,680	...	...	482,600	...	...
Semi-detached house	188,245	...	...	17,955	...	...
Row house	93,350	...	...	85,655	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	265,195	...	...	148,850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,154,955	...	...	228,940	...	...
Other single-attached house	15,940	...	...	1,195	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	23,505	...	...	2,985	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	3,531,665	...	...	883,020	...	...
1 person	1,175,230	...	...	255,730	...	...
2 persons	1,227,765	...	...	271,610	...	...
3 persons	489,460	...	...	141,340	...	...
4 persons	426,250	...	...	127,760	...	...
5 or more persons	212,960	...	...	86,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,965,455	...	...	2,232,290	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885	1,931,975	934,880	997,100
Married or living common law	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395	1,087,700	541,665	546,035
Married	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260	940,845	467,385	473,455
Living common law	1,501,160	752,025	749,135	146,860	74,280	72,580
Not married and not living common law	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490	844,275	393,215	451,065
Never married	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280	591,360	314,225	277,140
Separated	103,625	46,390	57,240	46,135	18,645	27,485
Divorced	483,195	194,430	288,760	116,460	43,075	73,385
Widowed	389,555	84,345	305,210	90,320	17,265	73,055
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	2,257,560	...	...	620,775	...	...
2 persons	1,204,955	...	...	296,105	...	...
3 persons	466,310	...	...	146,905	...	...
4 persons	412,160	...	...	134,200	...	...
5 or more persons	174,140	...	...	43,565	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	2,257,560	...	...	620,770	...	...
Total couple families	1,878,095	...	...	523,610	...	...
Married couples	1,128,355	...	...	450,195	...	...
Common-law couples	749,740	...	...	73,415	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	379,460	...	...	97,160	...	...
Female parent	284,900	...	...	78,825	...	...
Male parent	94,565	...	...	18,335	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,878,095	...	...	523,610	...	...
Couples without children	970,260	...	...	233,850	...	...
Couples with children	907,840	...	...	289,760	...	...
1 child	356,640	...	...	119,840	...	...
2 children	384,875	...	...	127,955	...	...
3 or more children	166,315	...	...	41,960	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	379,465	...	...	97,160	...	...
1 child	234,695	...	...	62,250	...	...
2 children	109,670	...	...	27,065	...	...
3 or more children	35,100	...	...	7,850	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,579,070	775,765	803,305	433,355	202,685	230,675
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	3,531,660	...	...	883,020	...	...
One-census-family households	2,197,340	...	...	546,745	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	947,305	...	...	202,200	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	1,250,040	...	...	344,545	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	29,595	...	...	35,385	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,304,725	...	...	300,890	...	...
One-person households	1,175,230	...	...	255,730	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	129,500	...	...	45,160	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285	2,244,265	1,097,095	1,147,170
English only	372,445	187,595	184,860	1,953,500	971,900	981,600
French only	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095	1,080	515	565
English and French	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275	157,470	70,350	87,120
Neither English nor French	75,065	31,000	44,060	132,215	54,325	77,890
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,244,260	1,097,095	1,147,170
English	964,120	482,985	481,135	2,076,105	1,025,245	1,050,860
French	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560	23,735	11,970	11,765
English and French	278,710	144,060	134,655	13,800	6,330	7,470
Neither English nor French	72,775	29,845	42,930	130,620	53,540	77,080
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,103,480	555,015	548,465	30,635	15,140	15,500
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	13.7	14.0	13.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,244,260	1,097,090	1,147,170
Single responses	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975	2,169,020	1,060,760	1,108,260
Official languages	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845	1,189,670	604,460	585,210
English	601,155	301,860	299,300	1,166,785	592,875	573,905
French	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550	22,885	11,585	11,300
Non-official languages	1,060,830	517,700	543,125	979,350	456,300	523,050
Aboriginal languages	45,570	22,530	23,040	830	375	455
Algonquian languages	33,140	16,365	16,770	310	130	175
Blackfoot	5	0	0	20	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	31,430	15,575	15,855	215	105	115
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,715	4,155	4,555	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	285	305	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	135	55	80	5	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	40	15	25
Southern East Cree	35	15	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	15	5	5
Woods Cree	10	5	5	15	15	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15,790	7,920	7,875	145	70	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	485	225	260	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	485	220	260	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,215	565	645	65	25	40
Algonquin	1,185	555	630	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	60	25	35
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	105	45	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	100	50	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	35	15	25
Chilcotin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	10	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages	11,970	5,955	6,015	15	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Inuktitut	11,895	5,925	5,970	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	75	25	45	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	375	165	210	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	365	160	210	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Michif	5	5	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	5	0	0	125	60	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	35	20	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Squamish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	30	10	20
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Nisga'a	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Haisla	0	0	0	5	10	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	65	30	35	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,015,260	495,175	520,090	978,520	455,925	522,600
Afro-Asiatic languages	197,535	104,185	93,355	20,355	10,805	9,550
Berber languages	20,845	11,125	9,720	95	55	35
Kabyle	12,470	6,625	5,840	30	20	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,375	4,500	3,875	60	40	25
Cushitic languages	1,125	545	580	1,350	675	675
Bilen	10	10	5	5	5	5
Oromo	15	10	5	170	95	75
Somali	1,075	515	560	1,165	570	595
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	10	5	5
Semitic languages	175,215	92,310	82,900	18,870	10,050	8,825
Amharic	745	340	405	1,140	555	585
Arabic	169,890	89,590	80,300	14,030	7,565	6,465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	150	80	70	630	305	320
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	435	235	200
Harari	0	5	5	25	10	15
Hebrew	3,885	2,040	1,845	1,720	930	785
Maltese	25	10	15	75	35	35
Tigrigna	385	185	205	695	340	355
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	135	70	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	200	155	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	36,305	17,030	19,275	23,475	10,710	12,765
Khmer (Cambodian)	8,855	4,105	4,750	1,195	545	650
Vietnamese	27,425	12,920	14,505	22,245	10,150	12,100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	35	15	15
Austronesian languages	21,635	7,800	13,835	80,475	33,090	47,385
Bikol	115	35	80	310	140	175
Cebuano	885	270	610	3,155	1,265	1,885
Fijian	0	0	0	385	190	200
Hiligaynon	410	125	275	1,235	470	770
Ilocano	2,060	745	1,315	4,550	1,800	2,750
Malagasy	1,250	590	660	15	5	5
Malay	705	265	440	3,410	1,520	1,895
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	205	90	110	625	290	340
Pangasinan	95	40	50	260	115	145
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15,545	5,480	10,065	65,535	26,880	38,655
Waray-Waray	50	10	40	180	65	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	140	180	815	355	460
Creole languages	56,990	25,220	31,770	580	300	285
Haitian Creole	2,220	1,055	1,170	20	15	5
Creole, n.o.s.	53,785	23,675	30,110	355	175	180
Creole languages, n.i.e.	980	490	490	210	110	100
Dravidian languages	14,865	7,435	7,430	6,105	3,230	2,875
Kannada	240	130	110	220	115	105
Malayalam	440	235	205	1,720	890	830
Tamil	13,600	6,715	6,880	3,230	1,675	1,555
Telugu	570	345	230	895	540	355
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	40	20	20
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	130	70	60
Indo-European languages	553,045	269,625	283,420	396,175	193,435	202,745
Albanian	2,795	1,420	1,370	1,015	520	490
Armenian	16,430	7,970	8,460	1,020	505	520
Balto-Slavic languages	68,155	30,960	37,195	54,230	25,445	28,785
Baltic languages	850	335	515	580	255	325
Latvian	290	120	175	290	135	155
Lithuanian	555	215	340	295	120	170
Slavic languages	67,310	30,630	36,675	53,650	25,190	28,460
Belarusan	80	45	35	55	30	25
Bosnian	1,620	805	815	1,140	565	570
Bulgarian	6,985	3,385	3,600	1,660	775	885
Croatian	2,330	1,165	1,170	5,140	2,490	2,655
Czech	1,465	690	775	3,225	1,555	1,675
Macedonian	205	105	95	240	115	125
Polish	13,935	6,065	7,865	11,285	5,315	5,975
Russian	28,565	12,715	15,850	17,320	7,885	9,440
Serbian	3,140	1,590	1,545	6,050	3,105	2,950
Serbo-Croatian	1,805	865	940	1,105	530	570
Slovak	1,040	455	585	2,235	990	1,250
Slovene (Slovenian)	755	350	405	480	225	250
Ukrainian	5,210	2,285	2,920	3,555	1,540	2,015
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	85	165	85	80
Celtic languages	155	95	60	270	155	120
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	110	60	50
Welsh	40	20	20	100	55	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	60	35	25
Germanic languages	27,540	13,280	14,260	31,530	15,020	16,510
Afrikaans	125	60	65	1,200	615	580
Danish	395	190	200	1,660	815	850
Dutch	2,825	1,395	1,430	6,065	2,955	3,110
Frisian	10	10	0	65	20	40
German	13,670	6,340	7,330	20,150	9,480	10,675
Icelandic	65	30	35	140	70	75
Norwegian	200	100	100	725	355	370
Swedish	555	255	300	1,130	510	620
Vlaams (Flemish)	540	240	300	165	85	80
Yiddish	8,985	4,560	4,420	210	110	100
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	25	10	10
Greek	38,635	19,435	19,205	4,565	2,345	2,215
Indo-Iranian languages	76,040	39,205	36,835	235,425	116,520	118,905
Indo-Aryan languages	45,845	23,875	21,970	192,045	94,740	97,305
Bengali	10,995	5,620	5,380	2,650	1,380	1,270
Gujarati	6,070	2,980	3,090	6,095	2,870	3,230
Hindi	3,030	1,635	1,390	23,785	11,385	12,400
Kashmiri	20	15	5	45	25	15
Konkani	110	60	55	205	105	100
Marathi	255	145	110	515	270	245
Nepali	1,505	740	765	905	475	425
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	65	30	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,380	6,720	5,660	146,225	72,380	73,845
Sindhi	330	160	165	1,515	700	820
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	645	310	330	1,445	725	720
Urdu	10,470	5,460	5,010	8,600	4,390	4,210
Iranian languages	29,760	15,105	14,655	43,035	21,605	21,435
Kurdish	985	550	430	1,645	870	775
Pashto	1,285	680	610	1,065	565	500
Persian (Farsi)	27,490	13,875	13,615	40,325	20,165	20,165
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	340	180	160
Italic (Romance) languages	323,290	157,260	166,030	68,120	32,920	35,200
Catalan	320	170	150	120	65	60
Italian	104,600	51,705	52,895	14,640	7,270	7,375
Portuguese	36,770	17,735	19,035	11,510	5,455	6,055
Romanian	35,840	17,170	18,665	6,835	3,315	3,520
Spanish	145,635	70,405	75,235	34,955	16,785	18,170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	125	75	50	55	30	20
Japanese	2,525	775	1,750	16,325	5,560	10,760
Kartvelian languages	170	80	85	60	35	25
Georgian	170	80	90	60	35	30
Korean	5,160	2,270	2,890	44,070	19,845	24,225
Mongolic languages	190	75	115	335	145	190
Mongolian	195	80	115	335	145	190
Niger-Congo languages	28,355	14,360	13,995	2,575	1,295	1,275
Akan (Twi)	1,050	520	525	400	220	185
Bamanankan	1,200	655	545	10	5	5
Edo	75	45	30	80	50	35
Ewe	730	400	325	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,055	1,080	970	15	10	5
Ga	80	40	40	30	15	15
Ganda	35	15	20	65	35	30
Igbo	120	70	50	155	90	65
Lingala	2,465	1,185	1,285	55	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	3,345	1,600	1,745	100	45	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,500	1,115	1,380	100	45	55
Shona	85	45	40	150	65	80
Swahili	3,010	1,460	1,545	565	280	290
Wolof	3,230	1,745	1,485	30	10	20
Yoruba	255	155	100	190	110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,135	4,235	3,895	580	270	310
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	180	165	255	130	125
Dinka	5	5	0	80	50	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	335	170	165	180	80	95
Sign languages	1,330	700	630	580	300	280
American Sign Language	65	35	30	240	120	125
Quebec Sign Language	670	330	340	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	595	340	255	340	190	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	76,840	35,775	41,065	373,505	170,645	202,865
Chinese languages	76,490	35,600	40,895	371,255	169,515	201,740
Cantonese	24,375	11,505	12,875	182,400	84,160	98,240
Hakka	470	215	260	2,140	930	1,205
Mandarin	43,700	20,175	23,525	163,800	74,170	89,625
Min Dong	20	10	15	205	100	105
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,225	1,480	1,745	10,135	4,520	5,615
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,075	465	605	4,205	1,845	2,360
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,535	1,710	1,825	8,200	3,715	4,485
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	45	170	70	100
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	175	170	2,250	1,130	1,120
Burmese	80	30	50	1,020	525	500
Karenic languages	70	40	30	760	365	395
Tibetan	110	65	50	245	130	120
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	220	115	105
Tai-Kadai languages	4,895	2,185	2,710	2,625	950	1,680
Lao	4,115	1,995	2,120	775	395	385
Thai	765	180	585	1,835	550	1,285
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	15	10	10
Turkic languages	7,980	4,095	3,880	3,585	1,980	1,605
Azerbaijani	290	160	130	490	275	220
Turkish	7,155	3,685	3,470	2,670	1,515	1,155
Uyghur	205	100	105	160	80	80
Uzbek	145	70	75	95	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	185	80	105	165	75	95
Uralic languages	6,400	2,985	3,410	6,950	3,210	3,740
Estonian	195	75	120	360	155	200
Finnish	360	125	240	1,700	675	1,030
Hungarian	5,835	2,790	3,045	4,885	2,380	2,510
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	685	385	300	355	195	160
Multiple responses	184,905	92,600	92,310	75,245	36,335	38,910
English and French	72,395	36,695	35,695	4,840	2,360	2,480
English and non-official language	27,485	13,545	13,945	67,385	32,570	34,815
French and non-official language	67,075	33,110	33,970	1,480	720	765
English, French and non-official language	17,950	9,245	8,705	1,540	685	855
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,244,265	1,097,090	1,147,170
Single responses	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425	2,063,070	1,010,655	1,052,410
Official languages	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685	1,462,715	729,695	733,020
English	782,185	391,125	391,060	1,454,540	725,625	728,910
French	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625	8,175	4,065	4,110
Non-official languages	585,890	283,150	302,735	600,355	280,960	319,395
Aboriginal languages	40,190	20,205	19,980	100	45	55
Algonquian languages	28,695	14,385	14,310	25	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	28,110	14,105	14,005	15	5	10
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	7,375	3,590	3,790	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	295	290	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	30	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	14,590	7,355	7,235	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	220	115	110	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	220	110	105	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	170	200	5	5	5
Algonquin	360	165	195	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	11,375	5,770	5,615	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,350	5,750	5,600	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	70	35	30	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	10	25	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	545,695	262,940	282,755	600,255	280,915	319,335
Afro-Asiatic languages	91,660	46,550	45,110	11,765	5,895	5,870
Berber languages	7,495	3,895	3,605	40	15	15
Kabyle	5,105	2,660	2,450	20	5	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,390	1,235	1,150	20	15	5
Cushitic languages	535	240	295	695	310	380
Bilen	5	0	5	5	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	75	40	35
Somali	520	230	290	610	270	340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Semitic languages	83,520	42,365	41,160	11,020	5,560	5,460
Amharic	340	150	185	535	245	290
Arabic	81,105	41,150	39,955	8,540	4,335	4,205
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	400	195	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	305	165	140
Harari	5	0	5	10	5	5
Hebrew	1,705	880	825	780	400	380
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	205	95	105	355	160	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	85	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,980	11,675	13,305	14,490	6,695	7,790
Khmer (Cambodian)	5,180	2,370	2,805	615	285	325
Vietnamese	19,790	9,295	10,495	13,865	6,405	7,460
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	9,715	3,960	5,750	34,880	15,400	19,480
Bikol	15	5	10	65	30	35
Cebuano	230	100	125	1,070	475	595
Fijian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hiligaynon	130	55	75	345	150	195
Ilocano	740	305	435	1,450	615	830
Malagasy	360	185	170	5	5	0
Malay	175	85	95	1,045	480	560
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	30	30	135	65	75
Pangasinan	10	5	10	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,905	3,150	4,760	30,300	13,355	16,945
Waray-Waray	15	10	10	50	25	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	260	130	135
Creole languages	20,705	8,780	11,925	275	120	155
Haitian Creole	855	380	475	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	19,405	8,200	11,210	195	85	110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	440	200	240	75	35	35
Dravidian languages	11,400	5,595	5,805	3,310	1,680	1,635
Kannada	150	85	65	95	45	55
Malayalam	200	100	100	875	445	430
Tamil	10,720	5,215	5,500	1,910	950	955
Telugu	330	190	135	415	235	185
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	15	5	5	55	20	30
Indo-European languages	303,215	146,100	157,115	213,800	103,735	110,065
Albanian	1,615	795	820	495	245	250
Armenian	11,990	5,680	6,310	490	215	275
Balto-Slavic languages	40,405	19,085	21,325	24,520	11,745	12,770
Baltic languages	190	80	105	150	70	80
Latvian	75	40	40	65	30	35
Lithuanian	115	40	70	80	40	45
Slavic languages	40,220	19,000	21,220	24,365	11,680	12,690
Belarusan	25	15	15	10	5	5
Bosnian	965	475	495	535	260	270
Bulgarian	5,125	2,495	2,630	885	410	480
Croatian	1,015	475	545	1,715	805	910
Czech	460	220	240	945	475	465
Macedonian	130	65	65	115	55	60
Polish	5,970	2,695	3,270	4,270	2,025	2,245
Russian	20,680	9,775	10,900	10,330	4,890	5,440
Serbian	2,010	1,020	990	3,350	1,705	1,650
Serbo-Croatian	960	470	490	435	205	235
Slovak	245	120	130	735	355	385
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	95	135	60	30	30
Ukrainian	2,365	1,060	1,300	950	445	505
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	30	10	15
Celtic languages	30	20	10	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	10	5	0
Welsh	10	10	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	5	5	0
Germanic languages	9,890	4,980	4,905	3,950	1,865	2,080
Afrikaans	15	10	10	410	200	205
Danish	50	25	25	165	85	80
Dutch	375	170	205	570	265	300
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	2,550	1,190	1,365	2,470	1,145	1,325
Icelandic	30	15	20	50	25	25
Norwegian	20	5	10	65	30	30
Swedish	105	50	60	200	95	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	35	40	15	10	5
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,180	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	18,545	8,865	9,680	1,635	790	845
Indo-Iranian languages	53,555	26,845	26,710	153,170	74,880	78,295
Indo-Aryan languages	31,575	15,985	15,585	124,505	60,980	63,525
Bengali	8,180	4,055	4,125	1,565	770	795
Gujarati	3,840	1,860	1,985	2,695	1,190	1,495
Hindi	1,535	790	745	11,100	5,245	5,850
Kashmiri	5	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	30	15	15	30	20	15
Marathi	80	40	40	235	120	115
Nepali	1,355	655	700	550	290	260
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	5	30	15	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,840	4,690	4,155	102,080	50,295	51,790
Sindhi	135	65	75	575	245	330
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	365	185	180	595	290	305
Urdu	7,180	3,620	3,565	5,055	2,505	2,550
Iranian languages	21,745	10,740	11,010	28,490	13,810	14,680
Kurdish	510	280	235	1,020	510	505
Pashto	925	460	465	660	330	325
Persian (Farsi)	20,310	10,005	10,305	26,815	12,965	13,850
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	120	120	175	85	90
Italic (Romance) languages	167,190	79,835	87,355	29,510	13,980	15,525
Catalan	110	50	60	60	25	30
Italian	32,935	14,595	18,340	3,835	1,665	2,175
Portuguese	17,260	8,250	9,005	4,990	2,375	2,615
Romanian	24,520	12,000	12,525	3,085	1,475	1,605
Spanish	92,330	44,920	47,415	17,525	8,435	9,095
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	15	5	10
Japanese	1,050	425	620	8,005	3,285	4,725
Kartvelian languages	70	35	35	15	10	10
Georgian	70	40	35	15	10	5
Korean	3,540	1,630	1,910	32,775	15,085	17,690
Mongolic languages	145	70	75	160	75	85
Mongolian	145	70	75	160	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	7,250	3,450	3,800	715	315	395
Akan (Twi)	445	215	235	125	70	60
Bamanankan	265	135	125	5	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	20	10	10
Ewe	140	60	80	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	530	255	280	0	0	0
Ga	15	5	10	5	0	0
Ganda	5	5	5	5	5	5
Igbo	15	10	10	30	15	15
Lingala	625	270	355	35	15	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,110	510	600	55	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	530	225	305	45	15	30
Shona	20	10	10	35	20	20
Swahili	1,100	535	565	155	60	90
Wolof	1,035	555	480	0	0	5
Yoruba	55	25	25	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,350	635	710	140	60	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	100	50	55
Dinka	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	65	65	60	20	40
Sign languages	1,770	1,000	775	775	430	350
American Sign Language	90	35	50	275	135	140
Quebec Sign Language	700	360	340	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	985	600	385	500	295	210
Sino-Tibetan languages	60,370	28,925	31,450	274,695	126,000	148,700
Chinese languages	60,155	28,805	31,345	273,085	125,185	147,905
Cantonese	17,845	8,470	9,375	131,090	59,720	71,365
Hakka	155	75	80	660	275	385
Mandarin	37,075	17,870	19,200	129,525	59,840	69,690
Min Dong	0	0	0	60	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,830	830	1,000	4,385	1,995	2,390
Wu (Shanghainese)	780	355	420	2,405	1,105	1,300
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,435	1,190	1,240	4,865	2,185	2,685
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	90	45	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	115	100	1,605	815	800
Burmese	35	15	20	680	350	330
Karenic languages	65	40	30	680	330	350
Tibetan	70	45	30	160	85	75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	2,375	1,145	1,230	985	420	560
Lao	2,150	1,055	1,100	320	155	170
Thai	225	90	135	655	270	390
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages	5,120	2,540	2,575	1,500	785	720
Azerbaijani	100	50	55	185	100	85
Turkish	4,715	2,340	2,370	1,145	600	545
Uyghur	140	75	70	95	45	45
Uzbek	105	50	55	40	20	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	35	20	25
Uralic languages	2,025	895	1,130	1,850	870	975
Estonian	30	10	20	50	15	30
Finnish	50	20	30	395	170	225
Hungarian	1,945	860	1,085	1,410	685	725
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	110	55	60
Multiple responses	322,820	157,960	164,860	181,195	86,435	94,760
English and French	86,715	43,820	42,890	3,265	1,605	1,660
English and non-official language	54,400	26,255	28,140	175,135	83,580	91,555
French and non-official language	139,385	66,610	72,775	490	220	270
English, French and non-official language	42,320	21,270	21,045	2,300	1,025	1,275
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285	2,244,265	1,097,095	1,147,170
None	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900	1,745,045	860,010	885,030
English	513,410	263,670	249,735	223,750	108,280	115,470
French	320,370	158,340	162,030	17,875	8,180	9,690
Non-official language	317,790	154,450	163,340	249,460	116,805	132,650
Aboriginal	5,700	2,645	3,060	770	360	410
Non-Aboriginal	312,085	151,810	160,280	248,690	116,445	132,245
English and French	36,235	18,285	17,955	920	415	505
English and non-official language	28,630	14,075	14,555	4,765	2,225	2,535
French and non-official language	23,470	11,365	12,095	2,370	1,135	1,235
English, French and non-official language	1,420	740	680	75	35	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,820,110	881,720	938,390
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,975	37,842	28,522	32,086	38,059	27,445
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400	1,822,630	884,045	938,580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,535	33,110	26,119	29,011	33,395	25,639
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220	1,633,275	804,160	829,115
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,067	35,597	25,012	32,397	39,080	26,819
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445	1,263,560	538,385	725,180
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,307	5,851	8,246	2,178	1,087	3,189
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370	1,371,380	694,380	677,005
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,263	35,627	27,219	33,613	39,822	28,398
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595	1,820,500	881,760	938,740
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,546	49,087	36,203	45,981	54,557	37,925
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890	1,823,095	884,185	938,905
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,887	39,292	30,616	37,920	43,683	32,493
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485	1,632,760	804,030	828,730
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,505	47,810	33,079	46,606	55,980	37,511
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050	1,263,805	537,790	726,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,590	7,846	9,229	6,023	5,757	6,220
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120	1,371,335	694,755	676,575
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,382	45,974	34,313	45,652	54,292	36,781
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025	589,860	333,750	256,105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,111	51,622	42,433	54,477	60,158	48,861
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	56,564	62,750	49,085	66,984	74,942	56,613
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.4	88.3	79.1	90.9	93.6	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	68.4	71.4	64.6	74.9	78.4	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.6	11.7	20.9	9.1	6.4	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without total income	216,685	99,555	117,125	79,725	38,310	41,420
With total income	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,820,110	881,720	938,390
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.9	96.5	95.8	95.8	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	789,595	351,935	437,660	315,700	135,530	180,170
$10,000 to $19,999	1,188,135	476,630	711,500	322,935	135,320	187,615
$20,000 to $29,999	976,210	428,390	547,830	229,015	98,450	130,560
$30,000 to $39,999	852,735	414,105	438,625	195,040	88,095	106,940
$40,000 to $49,999	747,995	378,215	369,780	173,240	81,095	92,145
$50,000 to $59,999	540,265	292,110	248,150	136,850	68,580	68,265
$60,000 to $69,999	375,935	214,805	161,130	106,475	58,675	47,800
$70,000 to $79,999	286,025	164,240	121,790	81,390	46,600	34,795
$80,000 to $89,999	189,350	113,715	75,635	63,885	37,275	26,605
$90,000 to $99,999	122,750	80,090	42,660	45,930	27,895	18,035
$100,000 and over	348,620	246,360	102,255	149,650	104,205	45,450
$100,000 to $149,999	236,515	164,145	72,370	97,130	65,580	31,550
$150,000 and over	112,105	82,215	29,885	52,525	38,625	13,895
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without after-tax income	215,120	99,375	115,750	77,205	35,980	41,225
With after-tax income	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395	1,822,625	884,045	938,580
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.6	95.9	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	822,725	359,045	463,675	326,725	142,695	184,030
$10,000 to $19,999	1,246,480	505,165	741,315	337,690	143,595	194,090
$20,000 to $29,999	1,192,885	541,080	651,810	270,860	118,955	151,905
$30,000 to $39,999	1,096,510	553,200	543,315	231,350	106,065	125,280
$40,000 to $49,999	793,150	425,040	368,115	192,310	93,560	98,755
$50,000 to $59,999	498,475	283,130	215,345	139,765	75,900	63,860
$60,000 to $69,999	309,415	180,470	128,945	99,300	56,945	42,360
$70,000 to $79,999	167,895	108,500	59,395	71,505	41,850	29,655
$80,000 and over	291,635	205,155	86,485	153,135	104,485	48,650
$80,000 to $89,999	95,010	64,670	30,335	45,580	28,960	16,620
$90,000 to $99,999	55,980	39,080	16,905	28,965	19,470	9,495
$100,000 and over	140,645	101,405	39,240	78,590	56,055	22,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,899,830	920,025	979,805
Without employment income	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775	528,450	225,650	302,800
With employment income	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375	1,371,385	694,380	677,005
Percentage with employment income	69.8	73.9	65.8	72.2	75.5	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	606,300	311,780	294,520	187,690	83,900	103,785
$5,000 to $9,999	367,030	162,150	204,885	104,015	44,525	59,490
$10,000 to $19,999	681,920	305,995	375,920	186,230	82,745	103,485
$20,000 to $29,999	586,140	269,950	316,195	154,315	70,230	84,085
$30,000 to $39,999	565,425	277,135	288,285	144,080	66,950	77,135
$40,000 to $49,999	476,665	247,105	229,560	132,915	62,845	70,065
$50,000 to $59,999	359,180	203,580	155,600	106,050	55,140	50,910
$60,000 to $69,999	266,650	156,255	110,395	84,185	48,355	35,830
$70,000 to $79,999	224,040	129,890	94,150	66,040	38,955	27,090
$80,000 and over	494,440	344,585	149,855	205,870	140,745	65,125
$80,000 to $89,999	139,830	90,295	49,540	52,670	31,560	21,105
$90,000 to $99,999	93,860	64,160	29,700	37,435	23,785	13,645
$100,000 and over	260,745	190,125	70,620	115,770	85,400	30,365
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	3,531,665	...	...	883,020	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,822	...	...	71,674	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,207	...	...	62,565	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,175,230	...	...	255,730	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,574	...	...	37,927	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,469	...	...	33,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,356,430	...	...	627,295	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,645	...	...	90,895	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	79,253	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	3,531,665	...	...	883,240	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	94,774	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,404	...	...	78,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,174,695	...	...	255,900	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,042	...	...	49,641	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,262	...	...	41,033	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,356,970	...	...	627,345	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,878	...	...	113,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,426	...	...	93,461	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	3,531,665	...	...	883,020	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	26,975	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	56,315	...	...	14,565	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	119,570	...	...	27,295	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180,865	...	...	35,995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	179,690	...	...	33,390	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	154,150	...	...	33,300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185,000	...	...	33,655	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	184,435	...	...	33,910	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	179,855	...	...	33,920	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170,445	...	...	33,815	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	313,600	...	...	64,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	273,620	...	...	60,215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	241,940	...	...	55,310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,620	...	...	50,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	176,355	...	...	45,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	860,030	...	...	299,935	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	327,435	...	...	91,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	204,105	...	...	65,825	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	192,155	...	...	74,520	...	...
$200,000 and over	136,335	...	...	67,985	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,531,660	...	...	883,020	...	...
Under $5,000	50,445	...	...	28,685	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	57,335	...	...	14,755	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120,860	...	...	27,765	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190,300	...	...	37,190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	202,905	...	...	37,880	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	187,365	...	...	39,980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	231,765	...	...	40,775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225,695	...	...	40,775	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	211,990	...	...	41,175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,760	...	...	39,905	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	363,775	...	...	74,575	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	309,825	...	...	67,610	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	256,150	...	...	61,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,765	...	...	53,405	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	166,295	...	...	46,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	545,440	...	...	230,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	269,170	...	...	89,065	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130,225	...	...	55,445	...	...
$150,000 and over	146,045	...	...	86,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	2,261,890	...	...	596,335	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,378	...	...	91,148	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,152	...	...	79,386	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	930,195	...	...	198,615	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,075	...	...	84,239	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,224	...	...	73,018	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	911,980	...	...	288,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,246	...	...	110,516	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,844	...	...	95,649	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	364,085	...	...	86,855	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,708	...	...	53,529	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,805	...	...	48,751	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	2,262,045	...	...	595,885	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,863	...	...	113,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,060	...	...	93,745	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	929,645	...	...	198,235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,304	...	...	107,625	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,167	...	...	87,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	912,560	...	...	288,875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,835	...	...	133,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,279	...	...	109,609	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	363,610	...	...	86,640	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,753	...	...	67,302	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,052	...	...	57,757	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,433,210	711,180	722,030	368,375	179,095	189,280
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,195	31,526	27,210	32,044	33,557	30,838
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,706	28,214	25,434	28,939	29,979	28,084
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,430,625	708,225	722,405	367,995	178,365	189,630
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,684	39,840	35,571	43,145	45,675	40,766
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,513	32,729	30,321	36,063	37,729	34,496
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970	2,232,290	1,091,660	1,140,630
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115	1,100,960	525,080	575,880
In the bottom decile	747,785	368,385	379,395	286,730	137,425	149,305
In the second decile	898,605	408,705	489,900	214,350	99,375	114,980
In the third decile	997,185	481,975	515,210	197,435	93,835	103,595
In the fourth decile	996,230	490,275	505,960	198,470	95,395	103,070
In the fifth decile	938,080	467,425	470,655	203,975	99,045	104,930
In the top half of the distribution	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855	1,131,330	566,585	564,750
In the sixth decile	881,640	444,865	436,775	207,900	101,760	106,140
In the seventh decile	806,685	409,470	397,220	214,770	106,725	108,045
In the eighth decile	700,450	357,000	343,455	223,475	111,775	111,700
In the ninth decile	557,160	286,195	270,960	235,010	118,280	116,730
In the top decile	441,630	227,185	214,445	250,180	128,045	122,135
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945	2,224,910	1,088,140	1,136,770
0 to 17 years	1,564,410	800,455	763,960	405,260	209,225	196,040
0 to 5 years	532,410	272,790	259,625	129,280	66,790	62,490
18 to 64 years	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980	1,498,060	730,030	768,025
65 years and over	1,335,220	620,210	715,010	321,595	148,895	172,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,160,190	542,405	617,785	375,620	177,360	198,265
0 to 17 years	222,955	114,410	108,540	77,990	40,120	37,875
0 to 5 years	75,270	38,595	36,670	23,285	11,860	11,430
18 to 64 years	688,130	334,825	353,305	241,840	113,305	128,530
65 years and over	249,110	93,170	155,930	55,790	23,935	31,855
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.8	15.4	16.9	16.3	17.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	14.3	14.2	19.2	19.2	19.3
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	18.0	17.8	18.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	16.1	15.5	16.7
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.0	21.8	17.3	16.1	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	731,340	358,085	373,260	324,435	154,570	169,860
0 to 17 years	129,325	66,400	62,925	63,830	32,735	31,095
0 to 5 years	44,375	22,705	21,675	18,425	9,360	9,065
18 to 64 years	514,540	261,485	253,060	224,205	106,675	117,525
65 years and over	87,475	30,205	57,270	36,400	15,165	21,240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	14.6	14.2	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	15.8	15.6	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	14.3	14.0	14.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.5	10.0	15.0	14.6	15.3
65 years and over (%)	6.6	4.9	8.0	11.3	10.2	12.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,560
Official languages	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890	2,100,825	1,037,550	1,063,280
English	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225	2,099,815	1,037,060	1,062,755
French	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200	157,535	70,310	87,225
Non-official languages	1,610,980	776,265	834,720	1,170,410	551,015	619,395
Aboriginal languages	50,890	25,190	25,700	1,525	645	880
Algonquian languages	37,515	18,545	18,965	480	200	280
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	34,415	17,050	17,370	300	145	155
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	9,850	4,735	5,115	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	775	385	385	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	260	130	130	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	85	45	40
Southern East Cree	35	25	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	20	0	15
Woods Cree	10	10	0	15	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	17,175	8,600	8,575	180	90	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	885	460	420	20	10	10
Malecite	10	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	880	460	425	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,340	1,105	1,235	145	40	100
Algonquin	2,240	1,055	1,185	15	10	10
Ojibway	105	50	50	120	35	80
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	85	25	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	50	0	40
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	55	30	25
Inuit languages	12,595	6,270	6,330	50	30	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	12,485	6,210	6,270	45	15	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	115	60	60	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	740	360	375	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	690	350	335	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	15	35	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	15	10	35	20	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	505	200	305
Comox	0	0	0	15	0	15
Halkomelem	0	0	0	135	55	80
Lillooet	0	0	0	20	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	225	100	125
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	40
Siouan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dakota	10	0	0	20	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	160	70	95
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Nisga'a	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tsimshian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Haisla	0	0	0	30	0	20
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	40	35	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	40	55	35	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,560,375	751,215	809,160	1,168,965	550,405	618,560
Afro-Asiatic languages	301,035	157,545	143,490	28,595	14,925	13,670
Berber languages	27,595	14,650	12,945	130	80	45
Kabyle	16,170	8,580	7,590	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	11,580	6,150	5,425	70	50	20
Cushitic languages	1,550	745	805	1,875	870	1,010
Bilen	35	20	10	15	10	15
Oromo	45	30	10	190	115	80
Somali	1,460	680	780	1,670	760	910
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	286,625	149,970	136,660	26,850	14,115	12,730
Amharic	1,145	540	600	1,745	895	850
Arabic	267,965	140,280	127,685	19,520	10,425	9,095
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	195	95	95	720	340	375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	545	270	275
Harari	0	0	0	60	35	20
Hebrew	18,035	9,490	8,540	4,455	2,280	2,175
Maltese	40	10	25	150	80	65
Tigrigna	420	195	225	935	505	425
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	285	150	130
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	810	430	380	95	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages	46,050	21,955	24,095	29,470	14,010	15,460
Khmer (Cambodian)	11,840	5,620	6,220	1,425	615	805
Vietnamese	34,580	16,520	18,060	28,110	13,400	14,705
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	31,230	11,820	19,410	104,555	43,985	60,565
Bikol	105	45	60	495	200	285
Cebuano	1,105	360	750	4,135	1,620	2,510
Fijian	15	0	10	975	580	400
Hiligaynon	540	195	350	1,330	580	745
Ilocano	2,500	890	1,610	5,600	2,190	3,410
Malagasy	1,980	940	1,040	0	0	10
Malay	1,210	525	690	6,265	2,970	3,295
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	95	100	730	330	400
Pangasinan	60	20	40	435	180	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	26,705	9,785	16,915	94,500	39,135	55,360
Waray-Waray	55	10	45	255	110	140
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	540	270	275	1,135	555	580
Creole languages	115,445	51,970	63,475	1,720	930	795
Haitian Creole	4,910	2,285	2,620	55	25	35
Creole, n.o.s.	108,315	48,615	59,705	995	525	470
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,835	1,390	1,445	685	385	295
Dravidian languages	18,710	9,495	9,210	8,725	4,620	4,105
Kannada	415	210	205	435	205	230
Malayalam	510	285	220	2,515	1,350	1,170
Tamil	17,245	8,680	8,565	4,820	2,510	2,310
Telugu	930	540	390	1,385	805	575
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	70	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	25	150	80	75
Indo-European languages	912,945	435,785	477,155	509,685	249,375	260,310
Albanian	3,375	1,730	1,645	1,080	545	535
Armenian	20,290	9,790	10,500	1,390	695	695
Balto-Slavic languages	88,425	41,725	46,700	62,220	29,785	32,440
Baltic languages	1,080	500	585	570	290	275
Latvian	335	150	185	290	165	125
Lithuanian	755	350	410	280	130	150
Slavic languages	87,520	41,315	46,205	61,820	29,575	32,245
Belarusan	365	150	215	205	90	110
Bosnian	1,975	990	985	1,695	845	850
Bulgarian	7,345	3,595	3,750	1,915	845	1,065
Croatian	3,580	1,760	1,820	7,535	3,705	3,830
Czech	2,070	975	1,095	4,090	1,920	2,165
Macedonian	285	140	145	330	170	160
Polish	17,760	8,090	9,665	13,005	6,225	6,780
Russian	46,665	22,265	24,400	22,865	10,785	12,080
Serbian	4,050	1,980	2,070	7,730	3,965	3,765
Serbo-Croatian	2,385	1,140	1,245	1,215	575	635
Slovak	1,520	705	820	2,775	1,300	1,465
Slovene (Slovenian)	970	490	480	665	295	365
Ukrainian	9,015	3,885	5,135	5,450	2,395	3,055
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	75	225	110	115
Celtic languages	495	305	195	1,095	630	465
Scottish Gaelic	155	95	65	310	205	110
Welsh	85	45	40	115	60	60
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	265	175	95	670	365	305
Germanic languages	63,370	31,835	31,530	49,300	23,840	25,465
Afrikaans	415	260	150	3,620	1,875	1,740
Danish	835	410	420	2,100	1,000	1,100
Dutch	5,060	2,665	2,395	7,610	3,625	3,995
Frisian	15	10	0	85	45	40
German	43,475	21,950	21,530	33,500	16,385	17,110
Icelandic	140	80	60	190	100	90
Norwegian	510	255	255	1,250	645	605
Swedish	1,580	785	795	2,485	1,090	1,390
Vlaams (Flemish)	760	265	495	200	115	90
Yiddish	12,375	6,225	6,155	365	165	195
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	270	125	140	70	40	30
Greek	51,060	25,520	25,540	6,750	3,415	3,330
Indo-Iranian languages	93,655	48,040	45,615	288,160	143,285	144,875
Indo-Aryan languages	59,570	30,870	28,700	240,830	119,440	121,390
Bengali	12,870	6,610	6,260	3,130	1,605	1,520
Gujarati	7,950	3,860	4,090	10,265	4,835	5,430
Hindi	15,570	8,285	7,280	68,905	33,580	35,325
Kashmiri	45	35	15	40	25	20
Konkani	150	70	75	340	165	170
Marathi	475	240	230	1,235	625	610
Nepali	1,445	725	720	1,145	570	575
Oriya (Odia)	55	35	20	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,860	9,690	8,165	181,205	90,500	90,700
Sindhi	500	240	255	3,025	1,295	1,730
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,335	625	710	2,135	1,110	1,030
Urdu	16,545	8,655	7,890	14,055	7,350	6,705
Iranian languages	35,420	17,830	17,585	48,325	24,385	23,945
Kurdish	1,255	665	590	2,075	1,095	975
Pashto	1,825	1,005	825	1,525	845	680
Persian (Farsi)	32,965	16,560	16,405	46,055	23,210	22,840
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	845	425	420	750	375	375
Italic (Romance) languages	627,545	293,620	333,920	112,190	53,450	58,740
Catalan	890	525	365	240	125	120
Italian	173,710	84,430	89,275	24,350	11,785	12,560
Portuguese	55,100	27,620	27,475	15,040	7,180	7,865
Romanian	42,655	20,550	22,110	7,855	3,890	3,960
Spanish	390,355	177,610	212,745	70,585	33,290	37,300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	490	345	145	215	125	85
Japanese	7,040	3,340	3,695	27,510	11,900	15,615
Kartvelian languages	220	110	110	90	50	45
Georgian	215	105	110	90	50	40
Korean	6,260	2,825	3,430	48,680	22,290	26,390
Mongolic languages	270	135	130	315	155	155
Mongolian	265	135	130	315	155	155
Niger-Congo languages	52,840	26,665	26,175	5,615	2,915	2,700
Akan (Twi)	1,800	945	855	480	270	205
Bamanankan	2,385	1,240	1,145	25	15	10
Edo	190	95	95	115	60	55
Ewe	1,410	865	545	110	75	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	3,400	1,785	1,620	45	15	35
Ga	315	155	160	90	55	30
Ganda	90	40	55	110	60	45
Igbo	275	190	90	205	125	80
Lingala	9,630	4,430	5,200	225	100	125
Rundi (Kirundi)	4,490	2,210	2,285	100	40	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	3,535	1,640	1,895	200	90	110
Shona	150	75	80	255	120	140
Swahili	8,015	4,080	3,935	2,565	1,380	1,185
Wolof	6,555	3,545	3,015	30	15	15
Yoruba	885	485	395	505	260	245
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	17,720	9,125	8,595	1,270	580	695
Nilo-Saharan languages	695	345	350	280	145	135
Dinka	0	0	0	45	35	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	695	345	350	230	110	120
Sign languages	7,775	3,095	4,675	3,230	1,280	1,950
American Sign Language	675	245	435	1,820	605	1,215
Quebec Sign Language	4,405	1,590	2,815	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,960	1,350	1,605	1,470	695	775
Sino-Tibetan languages	90,460	42,695	47,770	416,185	191,945	224,245
Chinese languages	90,060	42,480	47,580	413,750	190,715	223,040
Cantonese	31,885	14,900	16,980	221,150	102,350	118,795
Hakka	545	240	310	2,490	1,185	1,300
Mandarin	59,240	27,560	31,685	236,910	106,760	130,155
Min Dong	15	10	10	115	55	60
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,215	1,860	2,350	15,040	6,665	8,375
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,230	535	690	5,190	2,260	2,930
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,800	2,380	2,425	8,450	3,850	4,595
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	180	70	110
Tibeto-Burman languages	430	235	195	2,710	1,355	1,360
Burmese	140	75	60	1,385	685	700
Karenic languages	105	55	45	895	445	445
Tibetan	65	50	10	290	160	130
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	290	135	155
Tai-Kadai languages	7,280	3,400	3,880	3,655	1,475	2,180
Lao	5,785	2,850	2,935	1,080	490	590
Thai	2,255	875	1,375	2,760	1,055	1,705
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	12,475	6,265	6,210	5,860	3,180	2,685
Azerbaijani	510	275	235	825	445	380
Turkish	11,415	5,755	5,665	4,795	2,590	2,200
Uyghur	230	110	120	105	50	60
Uzbek	230	105	125	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	235	115	120	225	120	105
Uralic languages	7,870	3,710	4,160	8,130	3,815	4,320
Estonian	150	55	95	365	160	205
Finnish	500	195	305	1,820	690	1,130
Hungarian	7,215	3,450	3,765	5,975	2,970	3,005
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,140	1,170	970	685	380	300
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,555
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350	1,923,530	945,800	977,725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,521,230	779,620	741,610	370,125	191,590	178,535
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740	1,553,405	754,205	799,195
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	379,910	188,245	191,665	309,015	146,190	162,825
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,555
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735	1,216,705	616,680	600,025
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,091,310	530,325	560,980	940,535	438,815	501,725
Before 1981	238,655	117,080	121,575	190,755	91,520	99,230
1981 to 1990	127,340	63,150	64,190	115,735	54,010	61,720
1991 to 2000	187,860	89,210	98,650	239,750	110,660	129,085
2001 to 2010	322,280	155,785	166,495	257,780	118,270	139,510
2001 to 2005	140,170	67,835	72,335	119,690	54,775	64,910
2006 to 2010	182,115	87,945	94,165	138,090	63,495	74,600
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	215,170	105,105	110,065	136,515	64,350	72,170
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	86,065	45,765	40,295	75,310	36,500	38,810
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,091,305	530,325	560,980	940,535	438,810	501,725
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330	72,970	37,090	35,885
5 to 14 years	174,020	87,165	86,855	149,360	77,155	72,205
15 to 24 years	215,350	98,880	116,475	194,335	88,380	105,955
25 to 44 years	515,770	256,095	259,675	403,665	180,565	223,100
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640	120,195	55,620	64,575
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,091,305	530,330	560,980	940,535	438,810	501,725
Americas	247,505	113,190	134,315	60,695	28,760	31,935
Brazil	7,345	3,515	3,830	2,715	1,115	1,600
Colombia	25,580	11,645	13,935	2,985	1,380	1,610
El Salvador	11,120	5,500	5,615	4,310	2,190	2,120
Guyana	2,490	1,085	1,410	865	405	465
Haiti	80,965	35,375	45,585	245	105	140
Jamaica	4,665	2,040	2,625	2,075	1,090	985
Mexico	15,820	7,090	8,730	7,475	3,280	4,195
Peru	13,265	5,945	7,325	2,595	1,120	1,465
Trinidad and Tobago	4,075	1,840	2,240	1,805	850	955
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	25,955	12,800	13,155	23,620	11,530	12,090
Other places of birth in Americas	56,235	26,370	29,870	12,005	5,700	6,300
Europe	311,090	154,910	156,185	151,850	74,650	77,205
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,785	1,890	1,895	3,785	1,840	1,950
Croatia	2,140	1,085	1,050	3,855	1,955	1,895
France	81,225	43,490	37,735	3,220	1,675	1,545
Germany	9,750	4,365	5,390	11,330	5,455	5,875
Greece	18,420	9,135	9,285	2,680	1,385	1,300
Hungary	3,325	1,620	1,700	3,420	1,755	1,665
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	820	485	330	3,425	1,890	1,530
Italy	51,025	25,370	25,655	9,955	5,070	4,890
Netherlands	1,990	1,035	955	5,015	2,505	2,515
Poland	10,735	4,675	6,060	9,815	4,630	5,185
Portugal	18,985	9,185	9,800	4,460	2,210	2,250
Romania	28,695	13,695	15,005	6,745	3,290	3,455
Russian Federation	11,355	4,975	6,375	8,080	3,485	4,595
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,790	830	960	3,645	1,830	1,815
Ukraine	8,670	3,800	4,870	5,150	2,445	2,700
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	12,905	6,645	6,260	47,260	23,700	23,565
Other places of birth in Europe	45,500	22,630	22,870	20,015	9,530	10,480
Africa	241,410	125,250	116,165	30,090	15,220	14,870
Algeria	59,465	31,180	28,280	425	275	150
Egypt	19,490	10,290	9,200	2,020	1,090	930
Ethiopia	995	495	495	1,650	825	830
Kenya	785	355	430	3,895	1,780	2,110
Morocco	60,700	31,435	29,270	695	365	330
Nigeria	1,340	740	600	1,160	610	550
Somalia	580	270	310	1,010	485	525
South Africa, Republic of	865	475	385	7,130	3,700	3,425
Other places of birth in Africa	97,200	50,005	47,190	12,100	6,075	6,025
Asia	289,825	136,175	153,655	674,920	309,310	365,615
Afghanistan	7,280	3,640	3,640	4,820	2,425	2,395
Bangladesh	7,940	3,990	3,950	1,865	945	920
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,555	19,905	29,655	180,300	80,410	99,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,730	2,290	2,435	70,795	32,515	38,280
India	17,865	9,195	8,670	121,910	59,425	62,480
IranCensus data footnote 61	17,760	8,880	8,885	34,310	17,400	16,910
Iraq	3,735	1,960	1,775	5,145	2,630	2,510
Japan	1,725	395	1,330	10,330	3,065	7,265
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,230	1,995	2,230	35,310	16,025	19,285
Lebanon	39,135	20,800	18,340	1,750	990	765
Pakistan	10,010	5,260	4,750	8,870	4,540	4,325
Philippines	24,410	9,040	15,370	94,910	40,075	54,840
Sri Lanka	10,715	5,335	5,380	4,130	2,155	1,970
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	17,775	8,800	8,980	2,265	1,140	1,130
Taiwan	2,735	1,100	1,635	35,495	15,995	19,500
Viet Nam	25,440	11,765	13,675	23,380	10,925	12,455
Other places of birth in Asia	44,795	21,840	22,950	39,350	18,650	20,700
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,480	805	670	22,985	10,875	12,105
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	215,170	105,105	110,065	136,515	64,350	72,165
Americas	47,710	22,625	25,085	9,680	4,945	4,735
Brazil	3,010	1,495	1,520	905	420	485
Colombia	7,540	3,465	4,075	450	215	235
Cuba	2,565	1,260	1,315	65	35	35
Haiti	16,880	7,690	9,190	10	0	0
Jamaica	190	140	55	155	110	45
Mexico	4,210	1,955	2,255	2,210	1,115	1,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,990	2,265	1,720	3,860	2,075	1,785
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,955	935	1,020	215	100	115
Other places of birth in Americas	7,365	3,425	3,935	1,810	865	945
Europe	39,320	20,085	19,235	12,995	6,715	6,280
France	20,030	10,855	9,175	785	415	365
Germany	580	250	330	755	440	315
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	135	105	35	1,180	740	445
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,750	1,695	2,055	200	110	90
Romania	2,945	1,260	1,685	540	240	305
Russian Federation	1,970	865	1,105	1,375	495	885
Ukraine	2,460	1,110	1,350	890	355	535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	860	565	290	3,520	2,060	1,455
Other places of birth in Europe	6,590	3,385	3,205	3,750	1,860	1,885
Africa	74,200	37,110	37,090	4,145	2,150	1,995
Algeria	16,380	8,060	8,320	55	35	20
Cameroon	7,550	3,705	3,845	55	25	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,370	1,655	1,715	105	65	45
Côte d'Ivoire	5,070	2,505	2,565	10	10	10
Egypt	4,360	2,260	2,095	515	280	235
Eritrea	50	30	20	295	160	130
Ethiopia	125	65	60	255	140	110
Morocco	13,475	6,675	6,805	110	55	50
Nigeria	540	280	260	355	170	180
Somalia	95	40	50	350	140	210
South Africa, Republic of	175	115	60	700	380	325
Tunisia	5,855	3,025	2,825	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Africa	17,155	8,690	8,470	1,275	665	605
Asia	53,595	25,070	28,525	107,710	49,475	58,235
Afghanistan	1,555	715	840	860	455	405
Bangladesh	860	455	405	385	180	200
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,705	4,805	5,895	32,830	14,595	18,230
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	120	35	80	1,650	695	955
India	2,960	1,555	1,405	21,070	10,555	10,515
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,505	3,545	3,960	8,195	4,085	4,105
Iraq	985	465	515	1,825	900	920
Israel	645	390	255	295	170	125
Japan	330	30	295	1,820	460	1,355
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	825	370	455	6,345	2,725	3,620
Lebanon	3,955	2,100	1,860	205	110	95
Nepal	360	165	195	215	90	125
Pakistan	1,815	920	895	1,590	800	790
Philippines	5,635	2,345	3,290	19,750	8,905	10,840
Saudi Arabia	435	210	225	320	145	175
Sri Lanka	860	380	480	455	230	230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	7,455	3,740	3,715	1,765	880	880
Taiwan	170	60	105	2,185	875	1,310
Turkey	585	300	285	360	200	160
United Arab Emirates	300	160	145	300	145	155
Viet Nam	1,505	560	945	1,505	595	905
Other places of birth in Asia	4,025	1,765	2,265	3,795	1,680	2,115
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	345	215	135	1,985	1,065	925
Australia	190	120	70	1,065	565	505
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	155	95	65	920	500	420
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,560
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,204,895	590,175	614,720	1,032,710	484,055	548,655
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	792,085	399,535	392,550	559,925	284,835	275,090
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745	639,910	323,100	316,810
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	867,685	420,465	447,220	763,565	354,075	409,490
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	469,015	243,915	225,100	441,255	211,760	229,495
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	224,720	137,975	86,745	169,275	99,370	69,905
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	244,300	105,945	138,360	271,985	112,390	159,590
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	241,225	96,130	145,095	241,750	100,285	141,465
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	146,295	75,100	71,195	69,605	37,175	32,435
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,150	5,320	5,825	10,950	4,860	6,090
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,560
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	182,885	91,890	90,995	55,480	26,335	29,145
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	175,960	88,635	87,325	53,775	25,525	28,255
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	92,655	45,510	47,145	32,685	15,505	17,185
Métis	69,365	36,260	33,100	20,710	9,845	10,865
Inuk (Inuit)	13,940	6,865	7,075	380	175	210
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	2,760	1,330	1,430	985	470	515
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	4,170	1,930	2,245	715	340	375
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015	2,177,065	1,065,655	1,111,410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,560
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	77,490	38,580	38,915	22,140	10,245	11,890
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100	2,210,410	1,081,745	1,128,665
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,545	1,091,995	1,140,555
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	118,780	58,535	60,245	12,620	6,060	6,560
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	115,480	56,930	58,550	12,360	5,925	6,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	87,700	42,730	44,965	10,125	4,755	5,370
Métis single ancestry	17,585	9,225	8,360	2,095	1,100	995
Inuit single ancestry	10,200	4,980	5,220	135	70	65
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	3,300	1,605	1,700	260	135	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	2,220	1,115	1,105	240	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	995	455	540	20	15	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	240,650	113,905	126,740	54,580	26,120	28,465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	235,365	111,205	124,165	52,405	25,130	27,275
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	193,625	90,650	102,975	34,865	16,750	18,120
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	37,080	18,320	18,760	17,205	8,225	8,980
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,660	2,230	2,425	335	160	175
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	5,280	2,700	2,575	2,180	990	1,190
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,040	2,105	1,940	2,100	975	1,130
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	475	515	25	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	25	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030	2,165,345	1,059,815	1,105,535
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,232,550	1,091,990	1,140,560
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,032,365	505,180	527,185	1,144,970	546,030	598,945
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	90,335	46,750	43,585	280,625	140,390	140,240
Chinese	99,505	44,370	55,135	457,460	213,935	243,525
Black	319,230	154,110	165,120	28,420	14,745	13,675
Filipino	34,910	14,275	20,635	120,745	53,440	67,305
Latin American	133,920	64,655	69,260	33,535	15,965	17,565
Arab	213,740	113,420	100,320	16,035	8,595	7,440
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	62,820	29,960	32,865	43,435	20,685	22,750
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	32,405	16,200	16,210	44,930	22,905	22,020
Korean	8,055	3,865	4,190	50,820	23,480	27,340
Japanese	4,570	1,755	2,820	28,565	11,915	16,655
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	9,840	4,670	5,175	6,115	3,010	3,105
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	23,045	11,160	11,885	34,290	16,960	17,330
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830	1,087,575	545,965	541,610
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010	2,232,545	1,091,990	1,140,555
North American Aboriginal origins	359,430	172,440	186,985	67,205	32,175	35,025
First Nations (North American Indian)	289,610	137,550	152,065	47,395	22,615	24,775
Inuit	17,175	8,300	8,880	570	255	315
Métis	61,260	30,915	30,345	21,695	10,425	11,265
Other North American origins	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605	312,140	156,960	155,180
Acadian	34,785	16,440	18,345	1,380	705	680
American	45,050	21,470	23,580	28,500	13,835	14,665
Canadian	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555	291,825	147,020	144,800
New Brunswicker	750	370	380	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	570	280	295	555	340	220
Nova Scotian	365	155	215	70	40	35
Ontarian	1,345	660	685	35	25	15
Québécois	184,005	93,895	90,110	695	400	295
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	205	110	100	155	70	80
European origins	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825	1,053,015	524,725	528,290
British Isles origins	745,715	360,135	385,575	663,690	331,545	332,150
Channel Islander	1,440	725	720	140	80	60
Cornish	70	35	40	210	110	100
English	228,520	111,855	116,670	406,645	201,710	204,935
Irish	446,215	211,545	234,665	241,090	116,280	124,810
Manx	200	105	95	685	330	355
Scottish	215,030	103,395	111,635	297,740	146,535	151,200
Welsh	10,765	5,075	5,690	39,220	18,995	20,230
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	32,525	15,440	17,080	49,025	24,310	24,715
French origins	1,878,795	941,770	937,025	130,810	63,215	67,595
Alsatian	1,050	520	525	100	50	55
Breton	11,140	5,410	5,725	40	15	25
Corsican	1,270	690	580	60	20	35
French	1,870,545	937,665	932,875	130,700	63,165	67,540
Western European origins (except French origins)	244,380	119,115	125,260	271,345	134,200	137,145
Austrian	12,710	6,285	6,430	18,595	8,750	9,845
Bavarian	40	30	20	65	40	25
Belgian	51,340	25,295	26,050	7,230	3,615	3,615
Dutch	26,000	12,805	13,190	66,435	32,920	33,510
Flemish	1,345	660	685	880	450	425
Frisian	15	20	0	120	35	90
German	142,225	68,250	73,975	193,385	95,745	97,645
Luxembourger	910	445	460	290	155	135
Swiss	24,500	12,615	11,885	9,930	5,035	4,890
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	80	50	400	175	225
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,460	12,490	12,975	112,610	54,410	58,200
Danish	5,700	2,815	2,885	19,850	9,730	10,125
Finnish	3,130	1,430	1,700	12,345	5,785	6,565
Icelandic	955	480	470	9,410	4,675	4,730
Norwegian	7,820	3,835	3,985	42,585	20,855	21,735
Swedish	6,840	3,275	3,565	35,495	16,365	19,130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	2,500	1,265	1,230	4,600	2,340	2,265
Eastern European origins	249,940	121,660	128,285	228,655	110,750	117,900
Bulgarian	9,570	4,675	4,895	2,830	1,300	1,530
Byelorussian	2,530	1,235	1,295	1,755	900	850
Czech	6,295	2,965	3,330	10,385	5,050	5,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,150	1,100	1,050	2,095	1,050	1,045
Estonian	890	460	435	2,105	965	1,135
Hungarian	28,280	13,970	14,310	23,045	11,435	11,610
Latvian	1,740	835	905	2,290	1,205	1,085
Lithuanian	6,630	3,320	3,305	3,795	1,835	1,960
Moldovan	7,620	3,710	3,900	690	325	365
Polish	79,040	38,705	40,335	63,150	30,305	32,845
Romanian	53,060	25,935	27,125	15,925	7,710	8,215
Russian	55,230	26,405	28,830	53,225	25,180	28,050
Slovak	4,770	2,375	2,395	5,665	2,640	3,025
Ukrainian	42,550	20,575	21,975	83,080	40,425	42,650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,900	1,505	1,400	2,090	945	1,150
Southern European origins	549,750	273,670	276,080	182,440	90,850	91,590
Albanian	3,760	1,950	1,805	1,235	615	620
Bosnian	2,970	1,485	1,490	2,450	1,205	1,240
Catalan	735	395	340	65	55	10
Croatian	6,745	3,375	3,370	14,520	7,520	7,000
Cypriot	480	240	245	290	155	140
Greek	71,330	36,235	35,090	14,750	7,595	7,160
Italian	326,700	162,650	164,045	81,005	41,110	39,890
Kosovar	505	295	210	170	90	85
Macedonian	775	400	370	825	455	375
Maltese	1,220	615	610	1,010	555	455
Montenegrin	450	250	200	570	260	310
Portuguese	69,805	34,825	34,980	23,050	11,270	11,780
Serbian	5,950	2,915	3,040	9,740	5,075	4,665
Sicilian	1,435	710	725	180	110	75
Slovenian	2,510	1,225	1,280	2,780	1,335	1,450
Spanish	85,360	41,745	43,615	41,780	19,580	22,200
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,270	1,595	1,670	2,865	1,275	1,590
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	300	155	145	220	105	120
Other European origins	38,670	19,875	18,800	17,535	9,100	8,440
Basque	3,620	1,930	1,690	445	260	180
Jewish	25,235	12,955	12,280	10,545	5,440	5,100
Roma (Gypsy)	475	270	205	305	115	195
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	360	180	185	485	240	240
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	9,215	4,690	4,530	5,890	3,095	2,795
Caribbean origins	201,625	93,935	107,690	15,210	7,630	7,575
Antiguan	380	170	205	130	60	65
Bahamian	430	205	225	150	85	60
Barbadian	5,570	2,585	2,985	1,225	640	580
Bermudan	115	50	65	135	70	70
Carib	405	150	255	60	40	20
Cuban	9,830	4,800	5,035	800	415	385
Dominican	11,560	5,320	6,235	495	225	270
Grenadian	1,965	790	1,175	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	1,010	475	535	10	0	0
Haitian	143,165	66,245	76,925	595	270	330
Jamaican	14,100	6,785	7,315	5,960	3,125	2,830
Kittitian/Nevisian	360	200	160	95	50	50
Martinican	1,775	820	950	20	0	20
Montserratan	240	140	105	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	530	270	255	255	120	135
St. Lucian	860	450	405	115	55	60
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,585	2,925	3,660	2,955	1,490	1,465
Vincentian/Grenadinian	4,020	1,695	2,325	295	130	165
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,635	2,610	3,025	1,365	615	750
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	4,195	1,995	2,205	1,325	615	700
Latin, Central and South American origins	167,275	81,215	86,065	46,745	22,670	24,070
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,100	2,885	3,210	1,650	845	805
Arawak	180	60	120	50	20	25
Argentinian	4,950	2,490	2,460	1,275	580	700
Belizean	80	40	40	35	20	20
Bolivian	1,730	815	915	180	60	115
Brazilian	8,345	4,075	4,275	3,900	1,770	2,135
Chilean	14,060	7,055	7,005	3,645	1,750	1,895
Colombian	33,965	15,915	18,050	4,460	2,190	2,270
Costa Rican	1,180	570	610	450	225	225
Ecuadorian	2,720	1,255	1,470	725	350	380
Guatemalan	10,175	5,380	4,795	1,935	1,025	905
Guyanese	3,670	1,810	1,860	1,170	620	555
Hispanic	1,155	570	585	1,185	565	620
Honduran	4,335	2,135	2,200	1,100	570	530
Maya	1,670	935	735	590	310	280
Mexican	26,930	13,185	13,745	14,140	6,745	7,400
Nicaraguan	2,805	1,360	1,445	1,005	445	560
Panamanian	1,460	755	710	190	100	85
Paraguayan	365	155	205	225	130	100
Peruvian	19,735	9,240	10,495	2,920	1,370	1,550
Salvadorean	19,200	9,535	9,665	5,170	2,645	2,520
Uruguayan	1,755	815	940	260	125	125
Venezuelan	7,475	3,430	4,045	1,490	710	780
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,845	2,965	2,880	2,360	1,170	1,200
African origins	382,665	196,910	185,755	38,515	19,760	18,755
Central and West African origins	86,695	44,720	41,975	4,760	2,565	2,195
Akan	630	325	310	30	20	10
Angolan	875	425	450	50	25	25
Ashanti	120	90	35	65	25	40
Beninese	4,125	2,220	1,915	25	15	15
Burkinabe	2,465	1,325	1,145	20	15	10
Cameroonian	17,095	8,635	8,465	90	50	40
Chadian	1,045	525	520	10	0	0
Congolese	20,210	9,960	10,250	680	355	320
Edo	110	60	45	60	40	15
Ewe	460	265	200	55	25	25
Gabonese	1,165	545	620	10	0	10
Gambian	150	95	55	15	10	0
Ghanaian	3,235	1,660	1,575	1,190	665	530
Guinean	5,255	2,765	2,485	125	40	80
Ibo	185	95	95	205	115	80
Ivorian	8,545	4,350	4,200	45	25	15
Liberian	150	60	90	205	90	115
Malian	3,535	1,755	1,775	20	15	10
Malinké	635	340	295	0	0	0
Nigerian	2,820	1,510	1,310	1,605	885	720
Peulh	2,110	1,080	1,030	20	10	15
Senegalese	8,250	4,420	3,835	50	35	15
Sierra Leonean	110	55	55	90	45	50
Togolese	4,080	2,210	1,870	80	50	35
Wolof	660	390	270	0	0	0
Yoruba	460	225	235	130	70	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	6,955	3,690	3,275	355	170	190
North African origins	225,125	117,725	107,410	7,065	3,705	3,360
Algerian	60,375	31,185	29,190	600	350	250
Berber	33,825	17,840	15,985	185	115	70
Coptic	685	385	305	110	65	50
Dinka	15	10	10	15	0	10
Egyptian	29,400	15,295	14,100	3,265	1,700	1,565
Libyan	1,075	590	485	180	125	50
Maure	530	290	240	105	40	65
Moroccan	85,940	44,520	41,420	1,445	775	675
Sudanese	370	220	150	905	395	515
Tunisian	21,475	11,775	9,695	375	205	170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	3,340	1,845	1,490	165	95	65
Southern and East African origins	28,925	14,225	14,705	16,175	8,165	8,015
Afrikaner	115	75	40	320	145	175
Amhara	65	30	35	115	60	55
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,905	1,040	870	235	125	110
Burundian	6,015	2,945	3,070	185	80	110
Djiboutian	450	205	245	0	0	0
Eritrean	580	290	290	950	505	445
Ethiopian	1,575	785	785	2,005	1,045	955
Harari	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenyan	530	270	260	1,125	550	575
Malagasy	3,735	1,815	1,920	80	50	30
Mauritian	3,695	1,735	1,960	735	415	325
Oromo	20	15	10	120	75	50
Rwandan	5,130	2,445	2,685	305	165	140
Seychellois	775	345	425	15	10	0
Somali	1,785	865	915	2,080	1,000	1,080
South African	900	490	420	5,680	2,870	2,810
Tanzanian	325	190	140	400	165	230
Tigrian	95	35	55	185	100	85
Ugandan	290	135	160	565	290	280
Zambian	45	20	25	110	55	50
Zimbabwean	300	150	145	520	265	255
Zulu	70	35	35	50	10	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,790	915	875	1,290	660	640
Other African origins	46,805	22,845	23,965	11,115	5,645	5,470
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,800	1,845	1,950	1,405	720	685
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	43,785	21,415	22,370	9,800	4,970	4,835
Asian origins	563,150	275,170	287,980	1,088,735	518,200	570,535
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240,795	123,985	116,810	83,305	42,995	40,310
Afghan	10,945	5,550	5,395	7,435	3,760	3,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,875	23,680	21,195	4,450	2,415	2,030
Armenian	27,380	13,515	13,865	2,685	1,390	1,300
Assyrian	370	205	165	450	240	205
Azerbaijani	555	295	255	890	515	375
Georgian	635	295	345	490	275	215
Hazara	385	190	200	50	30	25
Iranian	25,530	12,845	12,685	43,040	21,805	21,235
Iraqi	5,520	2,780	2,740	5,100	2,585	2,515
Israeli	6,060	3,235	2,830	1,960	1,030	930
Jordanian	1,610	840	770	585	310	270
Kazakh	620	295	325	275	175	95
Kurd	2,135	1,180	960	1,980	1,080	900
Kuwaiti	95	50	50	100	70	30
Kyrgyz	260	140	120	135	65	65
Lebanese	78,140	40,695	37,450	4,880	2,590	2,290
Palestinian	6,865	3,520	3,345	2,185	1,160	1,025
Pashtun	515	280	235	310	175	135
Saudi Arabian	645	390	255	545	325	225
Syrian	27,465	13,845	13,620	2,695	1,310	1,385
Tajik	390	180	210	240	125	115
Tatar	910	430	485	615	295	320
Turk	15,060	7,520	7,545	5,045	2,790	2,250
Turkmen	65	45	25	70	45	30
Uighur	375	185	190	100	45	55
Uzbek	465	210	255	250	135	110
Yemeni	805	450	355	250	155	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,465	1,385	1,075	2,070	1,070	1,000
South Asian origins	95,670	48,925	46,745	277,380	138,690	138,690
Bangladeshi	7,075	3,625	3,450	1,500	745	760
Bengali	4,125	2,035	2,090	755	350	400
Bhutanese	420	205	215	95	50	45
East Indian	51,650	26,505	25,140	234,075	116,680	117,390
Goan	210	105	110	260	115	140
Gujarati	420	205	215	605	290	320
Kashmiri	260	155	105	145	75	70
Nepali	930	460	470	1,135	545	595
Pakistani	13,535	7,000	6,535	10,375	5,380	4,995
Punjabi	2,970	1,675	1,295	29,710	15,035	14,670
Sinhalese	310	135	175	505	280	230
Sri Lankan	14,750	7,300	7,450	5,000	2,620	2,380
Tamil	3,100	1,610	1,495	1,035	565	470
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,135	1,190	945	6,975	3,445	3,525
East and Southeast Asian origins	229,985	103,805	126,180	733,575	339,315	394,260
Burmese	530	270	255	1,930	980	950
Cambodian (Khmer)	15,345	7,360	7,985	2,465	1,175	1,295
Chinese	121,445	54,595	66,850	481,635	225,825	255,815
Filipino	37,910	15,590	22,320	131,185	58,395	72,785
Hmong	35	10	20	115	55	55
Indonesian	1,320	570	755	4,630	2,205	2,430
Japanese	6,495	2,615	3,875	35,690	15,425	20,260
Karen	95	55	40	875	440	440
Korean	8,740	4,155	4,580	53,260	24,700	28,560
Laotian	7,625	3,860	3,770	1,710	835	875
Malaysian	645	300	340	4,050	1,875	2,175
Mongolian	960	470	485	960	475	485
Singaporean	105	65	40	880	420	465
Taiwanese	2,205	940	1,265	19,255	8,860	10,400
Thai	2,695	1,065	1,635	3,195	1,260	1,935
Tibetan	80	45	30	420	215	205
Vietnamese	43,080	20,790	22,290	33,845	16,495	17,355
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	275	125	155	595	255	340
Other Asian origins	1,765	905	865	1,725	880	845
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,770	905	860	1,725	880	850
Oceania origins	3,250	1,730	1,515	25,210	12,600	12,610
Australian	2,055	1,125	935	7,585	3,975	3,610
New Zealander	490	245	245	3,025	1,550	1,475
Pacific Islands origins	785	410	380	15,000	7,300	7,700
Fijian	70	25	40	12,830	6,265	6,565
Hawaiian	60	40	20	770	330	440
Maori	90	55	35	480	280	195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	290	145	145	310	135	175
Samoan	15	15	0	185	105	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	295	155	145	645	320	330
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	3,531,665	...	...	883,245	...	...
Owner	2,163,735	...	...	550,275	...	...
Renter	1,362,010	...	...	332,810	...	...
Band housing	5,915	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	3,531,660	...	...	883,245	...	...
Condominium	413,325	...	...	276,730	...	...
Not condominium	3,118,340	...	...	606,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	3,531,665	...	...	883,245	...	...
No bedrooms	23,725	...	...	16,985	...	...
1 bedroom	573,370	...	...	200,890	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100,310	...	...	240,165	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,157,300	...	...	191,180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	676,955	...	...	234,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	3,531,665	...	...	883,240	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,258,215	...	...	396,550	...	...
5 rooms	620,935	...	...	118,275	...	...
6 rooms	432,090	...	...	89,880	...	...
7 rooms	403,255	...	...	73,435	...	...
8 or more rooms	817,165	...	...	205,110	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	3,531,665	...	...	883,240	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,492,135	...	...	850,765	...	...
More than 1 person per room	39,530	...	...	32,480	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	3,531,660	...	...	883,240	...	...
Suitable	3,398,910	...	...	814,795	...	...
Not suitable	132,755	...	...	68,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	3,531,660	...	...	883,245	...	...
1960 or before	894,495	...	...	122,750	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,116,760	...	...	230,545	...	...
1981 to 1990	503,495	...	...	135,485	...	...
1991 to 2000	369,020	...	...	158,470	...	...
2001 to 2005	196,830	...	...	65,985	...	...
2006 to 2010	241,545	...	...	89,035	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	209,515	...	...	80,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	3,531,665	...	...	883,245	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,304,625	...	...	832,180	...	...
Major repairs needed	227,040	...	...	51,065	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	3,531,665	...	...	883,240	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,221,970	...	...	512,085	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,264,195	...	...	332,655	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,500	...	...	38,505	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	3,531,665	...	...	883,240	...	...
15 to 24 years	119,495	...	...	29,520	...	...
25 to 34 years	498,070	...	...	137,090	...	...
35 to 44 years	603,840	...	...	160,625	...	...
45 to 54 years	682,290	...	...	193,410	...	...
55 to 64 years	731,390	...	...	170,605	...	...
65 to 74 years	541,630	...	...	111,315	...	...
75 to 84 years	270,280	...	...	58,140	...	...
85 years and over	84,680	...	...	22,540	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	3,496,460	...	...	877,985	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,763,105	...	...	591,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	733,355	...	...	286,005	...	...
30% to less than 100%	647,975	...	...	226,005	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,141,690	...	...	548,250	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.9	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	12.9	...	...	26.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	983	...	...	1,396	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,085	...	...	1,624	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	250,302	...	...	799,287	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	290,484	...	...	1,000,757	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,358,265	...	...	331,515	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	9.3	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	33.7	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	720	...	...	1,135	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	775	...	...	1,238	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,323,070	674,955	648,115	266,925	129,245	137,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,426,980	674,820	752,155	540,290	265,530	274,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970	1,092,830	525,365	567,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120,730	681,515	439,215	118,890	84,305	34,590
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	806,585	435,090	371,495	55,430	31,840	23,590
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	314,145	246,425	67,720	63,465	52,465	11,000
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165,515	506,775	658,740	313,640	132,890	180,750
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	236,255	93,680	142,575	71,695	30,480	41,220
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,361,730	628,290	733,440	588,600	277,695	310,905
Bachelor's degree	872,060	384,275	487,790	389,230	178,895	210,330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	118,955	54,255	64,695	40,940	17,380	23,560
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	39,045	19,865	19,185	16,535	8,865	7,665
Master's degree	281,215	139,280	141,935	120,380	59,210	61,170
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	50,455	30,615	19,840	21,515	13,345	8,175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	580,635	323,880	256,750	105,180	54,450	50,730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	808,955	396,620	412,330	312,250	156,265	155,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040	874,370	413,625	460,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	866,595	513,575	353,015	85,045	60,810	24,235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	631,795	330,140	301,655	39,550	22,855	16,695
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	234,800	183,440	51,360	45,485	37,950	7,535
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	832,430	367,185	465,245	245,380	104,225	141,160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	167,025	67,530	99,495	54,305	22,785	31,520
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,116,300	499,010	617,290	489,645	225,810	263,835
Bachelor's degree	712,935	308,760	404,175	322,305	146,030	176,280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	94,240	40,085	54,160	33,130	13,730	19,400
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30,775	13,505	17,270	13,280	6,570	6,710
Master's degree	238,300	113,895	124,410	104,165	49,620	54,540
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	40,050	22,780	17,270	16,760	9,860	6,900
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270	807,210	394,780	412,435
Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	61,775	13,605	48,175
13. Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	61,775	13,600	48,175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	156,720	71,485	85,240	63,195	29,315	33,875
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25,380	18,280	7,100	10,775	8,165	2,610
50. Visual and performing arts	131,340	53,200	78,140	52,420	21,155	31,265
Humanities	215,735	86,065	129,675	74,485	28,185	46,295
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	32,180	7,165	25,020	10,480	2,430	8,050
23. English language and literature/letters	12,900	4,060	8,835	21,135	6,565	14,570
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	103,120	42,685	60,435	23,255	8,985	14,270
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	880	395	485	310	120	190
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10,400	6,650	3,755	3,760	2,275	1,485
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,125	6,200	3,930	4,840	2,905	1,930
54. History	17,055	9,990	7,065	8,555	4,485	4,075
55. French language and literature/letters	29,070	8,920	20,155	2,150	415	1,735
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380,995	125,025	255,975	144,680	53,740	90,940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	1,165	3,150	2,515	665	1,855
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	48,530	16,690	31,845	15,575	5,655	9,915
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	77,470	6,070	71,400	17,685	1,670	16,020
22. Legal professions and studies	67,185	25,785	41,395	22,605	8,545	14,065
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	9,905	2,035	7,870	2,495	735	1,760
42. Psychology	57,335	14,030	43,305	24,570	6,930	17,645
45. Social sciences	116,255	59,245	57,015	59,235	29,550	29,680
Business, management and public administration	879,190	321,450	557,740	239,635	102,830	136,805
30.16 Accounting and computer science	815	300	520	380	125	255
44. Public administration and social service professions	47,715	10,490	37,225	9,475	2,280	7,195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830,660	310,665	519,990	229,780	100,430	129,355
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140,990	76,780	64,215	52,365	27,410	24,955
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	49,705	20,900	28,805	21,265	9,585	11,680
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	23,210	13,865	9,350	12,560	6,150	6,415
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	21,890	10,810	11,080	585	140	440
40. Physical sciences	39,060	27,545	11,515	16,525	11,015	5,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	7,120	3,660	3,465	1,430	520	905
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,105	104,850	47,255	53,805	35,280	18,530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125,480	92,730	32,750	42,720	30,285	12,440
25. Library science	11,110	2,145	8,965	3,000	475	2,530
27. Mathematics and statistics	13,415	8,365	5,045	7,520	4,155	3,360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,100	1,605	495	565	365	205
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	828,400	758,350	70,055	193,580	169,580	24,000
04. Architecture and related services	29,015	17,055	11,960	10,645	6,720	3,925
14. Engineering	150,450	124,585	25,865	69,650	55,940	13,710
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150,640	135,445	15,195	30,625	27,030	3,600
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	60	20	40	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	185,385	179,995	5,390	34,990	33,865	1,125
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	184,280	178,510	5,770	32,055	31,075	980
48. Precision production	128,580	122,750	5,830	15,580	14,925	655
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85,485	56,900	28,585	15,165	8,495	6,660
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	51,770	30,870	20,900	9,165	4,840	4,330
03. Natural resources and conservation	33,715	26,025	7,690	5,995	3,660	2,335
Health and related fields	480,230	95,450	384,780	145,865	33,720	112,140
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,955	14,675	13,280	11,450	6,060	5,390
51. Health professions and related programs	441,105	74,630	366,470	129,545	25,020	104,525
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,160	6,140	5,020	4,860	2,645	2,225
Personal, protective and transportation services	290,005	151,070	138,935	48,085	23,145	24,940
12. Personal and culinary services	164,595	43,720	120,875	33,805	11,260	22,540
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	290	270	20	80	75	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,345	1,245	100	240	230	15
43. Security and protective services	54,625	42,415	12,210	5,240	3,890	1,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	69,160	63,425	5,740	8,720	7,690	1,035
Other	1,055	375	680	200	60	140
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,055	375	675	195	60	140
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,389,585	720,500	669,085	417,425	210,710	206,715
Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	44,025	9,175	34,855
13. Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	44,025	9,175	34,855
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	122,045	55,575	66,475	51,560	23,845	27,710
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	19,510	13,740	5,770	8,655	6,625	2,030
50. Visual and performing arts	102,535	41,830	60,705	42,900	17,215	25,685
Humanities	138,330	54,580	83,750	59,050	21,695	37,355
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25,220	5,455	19,765	8,480	1,785	6,700
23. English language and literature/letters	9,585	2,990	6,595	16,570	5,065	11,505
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,730	25,305	32,430	18,900	7,095	11,800
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	600	255	350	245	100	150
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,980	4,415	2,570	2,955	1,750	1,205
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,415	3,380	2,035	3,620	2,175	1,450
54. History	12,235	7,140	5,095	6,675	3,415	3,260
55. French language and literature/letters	20,555	5,640	14,915	1,595	310	1,280
Social and behavioural sciences and law	301,550	95,120	206,430	118,995	43,000	75,995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,550	925	2,620	2,175	555	1,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40,275	13,900	26,370	13,385	4,740	8,640
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	63,120	4,295	58,825	14,085	1,335	12,750
22. Legal professions and studies	53,620	18,830	34,790	18,775	6,460	12,305
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,840	1,420	5,420	2,025	595	1,430
42. Psychology	44,540	10,255	34,285	19,830	5,405	14,420
45. Social sciences	89,610	45,495	44,110	48,730	23,900	24,830
Business, management and public administration	706,400	248,920	457,480	198,005	83,595	114,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	615	215	400	290	105	185
44. Public administration and social service professions	38,320	7,835	30,485	7,585	1,770	5,815
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	667,470	240,870	426,600	190,120	81,715	108,405
Physical and life sciences and technologies	92,480	49,390	43,090	40,320	20,490	19,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40,895	16,635	24,260	17,125	7,580	9,545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	12,450	7,435	5,015	9,300	4,405	4,895
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,175	2,385	1,785	470	110	360
40. Physical sciences	29,705	20,255	9,445	12,430	8,045	4,380
41. Science technologies/technicians	5,255	2,675	2,580	1,000	355	640
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	132,750	91,865	40,885	47,530	31,440	16,095
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	112,715	83,240	29,470	39,005	27,670	11,335
25. Library science	8,720	1,665	7,055	2,215	360	1,860
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,725	5,815	3,915	5,830	3,105	2,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,585	1,150	440	480	300	180
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	639,185	577,845	61,335	150,180	129,190	20,985
04. Architecture and related services	24,260	13,870	10,385	8,610	5,120	3,490
14. Engineering	126,835	103,165	23,665	57,145	44,765	12,380
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	116,595	103,710	12,885	22,950	20,015	2,930
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	50	15	30	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	134,865	130,350	4,510	26,405	25,520	890
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	139,935	135,155	4,780	24,325	23,545	775
48. Precision production	96,655	91,580	5,075	10,710	10,205	510
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	69,865	45,215	24,655	12,215	6,590	5,625
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	41,755	23,965	17,795	7,325	3,705	3,615
03. Natural resources and conservation	28,110	21,250	6,860	4,890	2,885	2,010
Health and related fields	368,600	72,245	296,355	115,615	26,720	88,895
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	22,660	11,635	11,030	9,115	4,765	4,345
51. Health professions and related programs	337,320	56,510	280,810	102,700	20,060	82,645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	8,620	4,110	4,510	3,805	1,895	1,905
Personal, protective and transportation services	229,640	118,260	111,375	36,725	17,840	18,885
12. Personal and culinary services	129,245	32,830	96,410	25,475	8,595	16,880
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	225	200	25	40	35	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	875	795	80	95	95	0
43. Security and protective services	42,550	32,575	9,975	4,315	3,155	1,165
49. Transportation and materials moving	56,750	51,860	4,890	6,805	5,965	840
Other	890	300	595	155	50	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	890	300	595	160	45	115
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,900,035	920,145	979,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270	807,210	394,780	412,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970	1,092,830	525,365	567,460
Location of study inside Canada	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880	735,495	356,215	379,280
Same as province or territory of residence	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270	596,135	285,120	311,020
Different than province or territory of residence	142,415	73,800	68,610	139,360	71,095	68,260
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	374,620	193,530	181,090	357,335	169,155	188,180
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	28,320	16,915	11,410	38,305	21,345	16,960
Philippines	12,515	3,600	8,920	47,115	17,590	29,525
India	6,805	3,660	3,150	34,140	16,925	17,210
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	11,250	6,535	4,715	29,370	15,985	13,385
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	17,155	7,755	9,395	54,415	24,405	30,015
France	69,665	39,885	29,780	3,225	1,785	1,440
Other	228,905	115,185	113,725	150,765	71,120	79,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130	1,291,800	624,335	667,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,389,590	720,505	669,085	417,425	210,715	206,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045	874,370	413,625	460,750
Location of study inside Canada	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780	589,395	283,680	305,715
Same as province or territory of residence	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280	480,905	228,065	252,840
Different than province or territory of residence	108,630	55,125	53,500	108,490	55,615	52,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	306,115	153,850	152,265	284,975	129,945	155,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	19,655	11,145	8,505	29,085	15,820	13,265
Philippines	10,545	2,935	7,610	40,315	14,890	25,425
India	4,865	2,465	2,400	28,810	13,640	15,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,390	4,245	3,145	19,650	10,555	9,095
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,420	6,865	8,550	46,810	20,510	26,300
France	57,315	32,115	25,205	2,725	1,530	1,190
Other	190,930	94,085	96,850	117,585	53,005	64,585
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,900,040	920,150	979,890
In the labour force	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,254,970	651,175	603,795
Employed	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	1,181,150	614,060	567,095
Unemployed	306,170	177,630	128,540	73,820	37,120	36,700
Not in the labour force	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480	645,075	268,970	376,100
Participation rate	64.1	67.9	60.5	66.0	70.8	61.6
Employment rate	59.5	62.5	56.7	62.2	66.7	57.9
Unemployment rate	7.2	8.0	6.3	5.9	5.7	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,900,040	920,145	979,890
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655	607,765	252,805	354,965
Worked	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585	1,292,280	667,350	624,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215	608,070	345,905	262,165
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375	684,210	321,440	362,765
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,254,970	651,180	603,795
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,485	51,640	49,850	23,720	11,050	12,665
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,231,245	640,125	591,125
Employee	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185	1,069,780	539,220	530,560
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	489,090	299,355	189,730	161,465	100,900	60,565
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,254,970	651,175	603,795
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,640	49,850	23,725	11,055	12,665
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,231,250	640,125	591,125
0 Management occupations	418,450	263,585	154,875	140,725	87,265	53,460
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	677,390	210,525	466,865	205,730	66,355	139,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	286,270	222,375	63,895	95,160	74,630	20,530
3 Health occupations	295,765	57,160	238,610	77,995	18,655	59,340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	502,945	147,145	355,795	136,970	45,670	91,300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135,730	64,370	71,365	57,880	29,850	28,030
6 Sales and service occupations	988,610	449,820	538,790	310,530	138,420	172,110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	574,675	544,100	30,570	154,335	145,410	8,925
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	67,290	55,610	11,685	15,135	10,395	4,740
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	206,875	148,405	58,475	36,780	23,465	13,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,254,965	651,180	603,790
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,635	49,850	23,720	11,055	12,670
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,231,245	640,125	591,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	84,060	60,460	23,595	10,325	5,340	4,980
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20,920	18,175	2,745	4,045	2,890	1,150
22 Utilities	28,410	20,650	7,755	6,325	4,060	2,265
23 Construction	254,055	223,770	30,285	89,035	77,825	11,210
31-33 Manufacturing	458,315	332,080	126,240	78,265	52,420	25,845
41 Wholesale trade	157,365	104,885	52,475	50,820	33,080	17,745
44-45 Retail trade	508,170	239,625	268,545	139,465	65,525	73,940
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	187,550	142,550	45,000	68,470	53,005	15,470
51 Information and cultural industries	100,775	59,705	41,070	47,820	30,085	17,735
52 Finance and insurance	165,140	66,175	98,965	60,870	26,910	33,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	61,380	36,505	24,875	32,600	17,940	14,660
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	288,715	161,030	127,685	123,930	69,685	54,250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,305	1,270	2,035	2,915	1,330	1,585
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	176,185	108,280	67,905	56,980	32,965	24,005
61 Educational services	306,575	96,170	210,405	92,000	31,715	60,285
62 Health care and social assistance	532,680	99,380	433,295	127,730	26,480	101,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	84,130	44,235	39,895	28,825	14,610	14,210
72 Accommodation and food services	278,500	123,235	155,265	105,250	46,385	58,865
81 Other services (except public administration)	193,700	89,455	104,245	56,140	23,020	33,120
91 Public administration	264,085	135,455	128,630	49,430	24,855	24,570
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	1,181,150	614,055	567,095
Worked at home	266,285	134,325	131,960	92,405	46,635	45,770
Worked outside Canada	10,600	7,580	3,020	11,785	8,375	3,410
No fixed workplace address	351,595	265,405	86,185	155,895	113,750	42,145
Worked at usual place	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050	921,070	445,300	475,770
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050	921,070	445,295	475,770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,732,155	810,895	921,260	409,385	181,535	227,850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485,450	234,700	250,750	495,660	254,300	241,360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,037,125	549,095	488,030	12,280	7,095	5,190
Commute to a different province or territory	66,125	35,110	31,015	3,740	2,370	1,370
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240	1,076,960	559,045	517,920
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625	679,310	383,645	295,665
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	133,760	51,045	82,715	54,145	20,960	33,185
Public transit	503,285	217,465	285,820	229,800	97,650	132,150
Walked	205,350	93,595	111,760	73,885	32,200	41,680
Bicycle	54,625	36,470	18,155	26,595	17,150	9,450
Other method	36,010	20,845	15,170	13,220	7,440	5,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240	1,076,965	559,045	517,915
Less than 15 minutes	1,035,455	493,225	542,235	189,095	85,915	103,190
15 to 29 minutes	1,200,455	617,010	583,445	353,215	180,500	172,720
30 to 44 minutes	777,955	425,640	352,310	286,050	157,380	128,675
45 to 59 minutes	343,540	184,440	159,100	129,420	70,530	58,895
60 minutes and over	315,035	174,875	140,160	119,175	64,725	54,445
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240	1,076,960	559,045	517,915
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	256,150	192,835	63,315	69,385	47,230	22,160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675,585	420,120	255,465	167,410	100,390	67,020
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,133,510	527,925	605,580	261,060	131,075	129,980
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	714,935	296,300	418,630	243,835	113,550	130,285
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	349,845	148,715	201,125	171,790	79,080	92,710
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	542,425	309,295	233,125	163,480	87,720	75,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655	1,339,645	690,215	649,430
Single responses	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385	1,299,840	670,580	629,255
Official languages	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420	1,227,660	632,165	595,495
English	541,720	294,935	246,780	1,224,650	631,320	593,335
French	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640	3,005	845	2,160
Non-official languages	34,160	17,190	16,970	72,180	38,420	33,765
Aboriginal languages	12,670	6,180	6,490	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	8,350	4,095	4,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	8,285	4,060	4,220	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,100	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,800	840	960	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	210	105	100	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	35	20	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,145	2,515	2,630	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,305	2,080	2,220	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,290	2,075	2,215	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,490	11,005	10,480	72,180	38,420	33,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,895	1,125	775	390	245	140
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,860	1,110	745	380	250	135
Amharic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arabic	1,715	1,045	665	270	200	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	70	70	75	25	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,725	850	870	1,810	825	985
Khmer (Cambodian)	315	140	175	25	15	10
Vietnamese	1,410	710	695	1,790	805	985
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	735	355	375
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	25	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	50	60	625	295	325
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages	275	90	190	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	265	90	175	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	145	75	70	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,165	5,255	4,910	16,950	9,775	7,170
Albanian	30	20	10	15	15	0
Armenian	275	130	145	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,130	500	635	700	330	365
Baltic languages	15	0	10	10	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	1,115	495	625	685	325	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	55	20	30	10	10	10
Croatian	10	0	10	25	10	20
Czech	10	0	10	25	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	170	65	105	85	45	50
Russian	735	340	395	420	180	240
Serbian	10	15	0	75	45	30
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	35	75	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,285	575	715	305	165	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	10	10	0
Dutch	25	10	15	60	35	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	370	170	195	180	90	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	15	10	10	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	860	375	485	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	525	260	270	55	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	1,385	780	600	14,275	8,435	5,840
Indo-Aryan languages	680	390	295	13,220	7,730	5,495
Bengali	110	70	35	15	15	0
Gujarati	20	0	10	35	15	25
Hindi	35	20	15	260	155	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	0	10	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	415	225	190	12,840	7,510	5,325
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	50	35	45	25	20
Iranian languages	700	395	305	1,050	705	340
Kurdish	15	0	15	25	20	10
Pashto	10	0	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	675	385	285	1,025	685	340
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,525	2,990	2,540	1,610	805	800
Catalan	15	0	15	0	10	0
Italian	590	315	275	80	30	50
Portuguese	635	365	270	485	245	240
Romanian	320	140	175	65	35	20
Spanish	3,975	2,165	1,810	965	485	485
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	235	80	150	1,495	570	920
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Korean	300	150	150	4,900	2,640	2,260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	20	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	60	140	160	55	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	125	30	95
Quebec Sign Language	125	20	110	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	45	30	30	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,070	3,125	2,945	45,505	23,810	21,700
Chinese languages	6,075	3,130	2,950	45,440	23,770	21,665
Cantonese	2,655	1,325	1,330	22,705	11,530	11,175
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	3,100	1,630	1,465	21,690	11,715	9,975
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	195	110	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	235	130	110	795	380	415
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Burmese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	40	75	95	45	50
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	55	10	40	95	45	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	50	45	30	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	110	55	55	30	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	40	25	15	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	35	0	35	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	25	15	10
Multiple responses	341,900	182,635	159,265	39,810	19,635	20,175
English and French	315,620	169,365	146,255	2,605	1,145	1,460
English and non-official language	6,545	3,655	2,890	36,825	18,350	18,475
French and non-official language	7,525	3,460	4,065	35	25	10
English, French and non-official language	12,205	6,160	6,055	340	120	220
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655	1,339,650	690,215	649,430
None	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690	1,206,625	623,940	582,685
English	1,031,380	555,940	475,440	29,335	15,085	14,250
French	317,490	169,785	147,705	10,950	4,845	6,105
Non-official language	49,850	25,900	23,950	90,340	45,170	45,170
Aboriginal	4,985	2,285	2,705	105	45	60
Non-Aboriginal	44,865	23,620	21,245	90,240	45,125	45,110
English and French	2,185	1,040	1,140	35	20	15
English and non-official language	14,910	7,255	7,655	1,105	540	565
French and non-official language	6,855	3,795	3,055	1,255	605	640
English, French and non-official language	65	50	20	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575	2,210,895	1,080,940	1,129,960
Non-movers	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195	1,858,680	907,245	951,430
Movers	914,800	450,420	464,380	352,215	173,695	178,525
Non-migrants	547,410	269,850	277,560	194,285	95,535	98,745
Migrants	367,385	180,565	186,820	157,935	78,155	79,780
Internal migrants	305,465	149,335	156,135	106,235	52,660	53,575
Intraprovincial migrants	284,280	137,945	146,330	84,140	41,375	42,760
Interprovincial migrants	21,190	11,385	9,805	22,095	11,280	10,815
External migrants	61,920	31,235	30,685	51,700	25,495	26,200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805	2,124,795	1,036,430	1,088,370
Non-movers	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065	1,187,710	578,795	608,915
Movers	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740	937,085	457,630	479,450
Non-migrants	1,507,665	741,220	766,440	480,925	234,705	246,225
Migrants	1,187,425	584,125	603,295	456,160	222,930	233,230
Internal migrants	949,170	464,830	484,340	278,630	136,965	141,665
Intraprovincial migrants	893,800	436,525	457,270	221,050	108,465	112,590
Interprovincial migrants	55,370	28,300	27,070	57,580	28,500	29,080
External migrants	238,250	119,295	118,960	177,525	85,965	91,565