Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Quebec [Province]			Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula Ontario [Economic region]
	Data quality , Quebec [Province]  Map : Quebec [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	8,164,361	...	...	1,412,714	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	7,903,001	...	...	1,372,227	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	3,858,943	...	...	594,569	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	3,531,663	...	...	563,078	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.0	...	...	197.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,356,625.27	...	...	7,145.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605	1,412,715	687,705	725,010
0 to 14 years	1,333,260	682,535	650,720	225,750	115,945	109,805
0 to 4 years	444,930	227,965	216,970	71,525	36,645	34,880
5 to 9 years	469,165	240,225	228,940	76,425	39,140	37,285
10 to 14 years	419,160	214,345	204,815	77,800	40,160	37,645
15 to 64 years	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280	916,545	450,715	465,830
15 to 19 years	429,825	219,070	210,755	83,370	42,725	40,640
20 to 24 years	500,100	252,600	247,500	89,390	45,650	43,745
25 to 29 years	495,410	248,030	247,380	83,545	41,910	41,635
30 to 34 years	515,505	256,440	259,070	83,325	40,840	42,480
35 to 39 years	550,540	274,595	275,945	81,820	39,735	42,085
40 to 44 years	506,525	254,100	252,425	86,250	41,770	44,480
45 to 49 years	519,425	260,410	259,015	94,655	45,990	48,665
50 to 54 years	619,435	309,070	310,370	110,840	54,120	56,715
55 to 59 years	636,475	314,190	322,285	107,535	52,325	55,210
60 to 64 years	562,670	276,140	286,535	95,825	45,650	50,175
65 years and over	1,495,195	669,590	825,605	270,420	121,045	149,375
65 to 69 years	488,175	236,395	251,775	85,315	40,640	44,675
70 to 74 years	373,590	176,905	196,690	63,170	29,935	33,240
75 to 79 years	256,905	116,020	140,890	46,765	21,500	25,265
80 to 84 years	187,835	78,390	109,450	35,735	15,160	20,570
85 years and over	188,685	61,885	126,805	39,435	13,810	25,625
85 to 89 years	120,635	43,795	76,840	24,635	9,445	15,190
90 to 94 years	53,165	15,155	38,015	11,740	3,660	8,080
95 to 99 years	13,035	2,685	10,350	2,720	655	2,065
100 years and over	1,850	255	1,600	335	50	290
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.0	15.7	16.0	16.9	15.1
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.3	64.4	64.9	65.5	64.3
65 years and over	18.3	16.7	19.9	19.1	17.6	20.6
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	2.8	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	41.9	40.9	42.9	42.4	41.2	43.5
Median age of the population	42.5	41.4	43.6	43.5	42.1	44.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	3,531,660	...	...	563,075	...	...
Single-detached house	1,602,680	...	...	353,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	187,800	...	...	59,555	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,717,680	...	...	149,055	...	...
Semi-detached house	188,245	...	...	23,160	...	...
Row house	93,350	...	...	56,795	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	265,195	...	...	16,420	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,154,955	...	...	51,150	...	...
Other single-attached house	15,940	...	...	1,535	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	23,505	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
1 person	1,175,230	...	...	152,595	...	...
2 persons	1,227,765	...	...	195,645	...	...
3 persons	489,460	...	...	87,915	...	...
4 persons	426,250	...	...	80,560	...	...
5 or more persons	212,960	...	...	46,360	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,965,455	...	...	1,386,050	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885	1,186,960	571,760	615,200
Married or living common law	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395	679,850	340,020	339,835
Married	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260	577,165	288,750	288,420
Living common law	1,501,160	752,025	749,135	102,685	51,270	51,415
Not married and not living common law	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490	507,115	231,745	275,370
Never married	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280	314,030	169,265	144,765
Separated	103,625	46,390	57,240	39,355	16,815	22,540
Divorced	483,195	194,430	288,760	75,235	29,560	45,670
Widowed	389,555	84,345	305,210	78,495	16,100	62,390
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	2,257,560	...	...	403,805	...	...
2 persons	1,204,955	...	...	205,605	...	...
3 persons	466,310	...	...	86,630	...	...
4 persons	412,160	...	...	77,960	...	...
5 or more persons	174,140	...	...	33,610	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	2,257,560	...	...	403,805	...	...
Total couple families	1,878,095	...	...	332,835	...	...
Married couples	1,128,355	...	...	281,515	...	...
Common-law couples	749,740	...	...	51,320	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	379,460	...	...	70,970	...	...
Female parent	284,900	...	...	56,515	...	...
Male parent	94,565	...	...	14,455	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,878,095	...	...	332,835	...	...
Couples without children	970,260	...	...	162,560	...	...
Couples with children	907,840	...	...	170,280	...	...
1 child	356,640	...	...	66,295	...	...
2 children	384,875	...	...	72,260	...	...
3 or more children	166,315	...	...	31,730	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	379,465	...	...	70,970	...	...
1 child	234,695	...	...	43,050	...	...
2 children	109,670	...	...	20,340	...	...
3 or more children	35,100	...	...	7,580	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,579,070	775,765	803,305	222,355	102,175	120,180
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	3,531,660	...	...	563,080	...	...
One-census-family households	2,197,340	...	...	381,720	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	947,305	...	...	153,745	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	1,250,040	...	...	227,975	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	29,595	...	...	10,840	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,304,725	...	...	170,515	...	...
One-person households	1,175,230	...	...	152,595	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	129,500	...	...	17,920	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285	1,394,645	680,740	713,910
English only	372,445	187,595	184,860	1,288,005	635,420	652,585
French only	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095	925	385	540
English and French	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275	89,895	38,470	51,430
Neither English nor French	75,065	31,000	44,060	15,825	6,465	9,360
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,394,645	680,735	713,910
English	964,120	482,985	481,135	1,351,300	661,665	689,635
French	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560	23,725	10,820	12,900
English and French	278,710	144,060	134,655	4,175	1,990	2,180
Neither English nor French	72,775	29,845	42,930	15,450	6,260	9,195
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,103,480	555,015	548,465	25,810	11,820	13,990
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	13.7	14.0	13.4	1.9	1.7	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,394,650	680,735	713,910
Single responses	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975	1,371,235	669,490	701,745
Official languages	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845	1,132,260	555,855	576,405
English	601,155	301,860	299,300	1,107,860	544,725	563,130
French	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550	24,400	11,130	13,270
Non-official languages	1,060,830	517,700	543,125	238,980	113,635	125,340
Aboriginal languages	45,570	22,530	23,040	205	95	110
Algonquian languages	33,140	16,365	16,770	90	40	50
Blackfoot	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	31,430	15,575	15,855	15	5	10
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,715	4,155	4,555	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	285	305	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	135	55	80	5	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	35	15	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15,790	7,920	7,875	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	485	225	260	10	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mi'kmaq	485	220	260	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,215	565	645	60	25	30
Algonquin	1,185	555	630	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	55	25	35
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,970	5,955	6,015	10	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,895	5,925	5,970	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	75	25	45	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	375	165	210	80	40	45
Cayuga	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mohawk	365	160	210	50	25	25
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	65	30	35	20	10	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,015,260	495,175	520,090	238,775	113,540	125,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	197,535	104,185	93,355	18,630	9,555	9,075
Berber languages	20,845	11,125	9,720	35	25	10
Kabyle	12,470	6,625	5,840	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,375	4,500	3,875	30	20	15
Cushitic languages	1,125	545	580	1,255	585	670
Bilen	10	10	5	5	0	0
Oromo	15	10	5	55	30	25
Somali	1,075	515	560	1,190	550	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	5	0	0
Semitic languages	175,215	92,310	82,900	17,280	8,925	8,355
Amharic	745	340	405	275	130	145
Arabic	169,890	89,590	80,300	13,440	7,010	6,430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	150	80	70	2,345	1,155	1,195
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	245	130	120
Harari	0	5	5	10	0	5
Hebrew	3,885	2,040	1,845	245	145	105
Maltese	25	10	15	390	200	190
Tigrigna	385	185	205	185	90	95
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	150	70	80
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	200	155	55	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	36,305	17,030	19,275	5,995	2,765	3,225
Khmer (Cambodian)	8,855	4,105	4,750	1,050	470	580
Vietnamese	27,425	12,920	14,505	4,940	2,295	2,645
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	21,635	7,800	13,835	9,375	3,545	5,830
Bikol	115	35	80	35	15	20
Cebuano	885	270	610	360	135	225
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	410	125	275	90	30	60
Ilocano	2,060	745	1,315	510	210	290
Malagasy	1,250	590	660	0	0	0
Malay	705	265	440	210	70	135
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	205	90	110	80	35	40
Pangasinan	95	40	50	15	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15,545	5,480	10,065	7,965	2,990	4,975
Waray-Waray	50	10	40	20	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	140	180	85	35	50
Creole languages	56,990	25,220	31,770	595	290	300
Haitian Creole	2,220	1,055	1,170	65	30	35
Creole, n.o.s.	53,785	23,675	30,110	365	175	185
Creole languages, n.i.e.	980	490	490	165	85	75
Dravidian languages	14,865	7,435	7,430	2,310	1,145	1,165
Kannada	240	130	110	95	55	45
Malayalam	440	235	205	1,130	570	565
Tamil	13,600	6,715	6,880	835	395	435
Telugu	570	345	230	245	130	115
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	553,045	269,625	283,420	169,665	81,270	88,400
Albanian	2,795	1,420	1,370	1,650	830	825
Armenian	16,430	7,970	8,460	620	300	320
Balto-Slavic languages	68,155	30,960	37,195	47,215	21,605	25,615
Baltic languages	850	335	515	1,250	515	735
Latvian	290	120	175	510	210	305
Lithuanian	555	215	340	740	305	430
Slavic languages	67,310	30,630	36,675	45,965	21,090	24,875
Belarusan	80	45	35	25	10	20
Bosnian	1,620	805	815	1,255	635	620
Bulgarian	6,985	3,385	3,600	600	280	320
Croatian	2,330	1,165	1,170	6,890	3,360	3,525
Czech	1,465	690	775	1,600	725	870
Macedonian	205	105	95	760	370	390
Polish	13,935	6,065	7,865	15,655	6,885	8,770
Russian	28,565	12,715	15,850	3,650	1,570	2,080
Serbian	3,140	1,590	1,545	7,975	3,985	3,990
Serbo-Croatian	1,805	865	940	625	295	330
Slovak	1,040	455	585	1,250	545	700
Slovene (Slovenian)	755	350	405	1,150	505	645
Ukrainian	5,210	2,285	2,920	4,360	1,835	2,525
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	85	170	95	75
Celtic languages	155	95	60	105	45	55
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	50	20	25
Welsh	40	20	20	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	15	10	5
Germanic languages	27,540	13,280	14,260	28,855	13,395	15,455
Afrikaans	125	60	65	370	175	195
Danish	395	190	200	515	230	280
Dutch	2,825	1,395	1,430	10,235	4,855	5,385
Frisian	10	10	0	285	150	135
German	13,670	6,340	7,330	16,550	7,595	8,950
Icelandic	65	30	35	30	15	20
Norwegian	200	100	100	80	35	45
Swedish	555	255	300	205	80	125
Vlaams (Flemish)	540	240	300	510	220	290
Yiddish	8,985	4,560	4,420	60	40	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	10	10	5
Greek	38,635	19,435	19,205	3,090	1,590	1,495
Indo-Iranian languages	76,040	39,205	36,835	27,740	14,085	13,655
Indo-Aryan languages	45,845	23,875	21,970	22,070	11,230	10,835
Bengali	10,995	5,620	5,380	1,570	790	775
Gujarati	6,070	2,980	3,090	2,820	1,495	1,325
Hindi	3,030	1,635	1,390	2,115	1,140	975
Kashmiri	20	15	5	20	10	15
Konkani	110	60	55	80	40	40
Marathi	255	145	110	180	95	90
Nepali	1,505	740	765	290	150	140
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	15	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,380	6,720	5,660	8,440	4,210	4,235
Sindhi	330	160	165	185	100	85
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	645	310	330	440	220	225
Urdu	10,470	5,460	5,010	5,895	2,965	2,930
Iranian languages	29,760	15,105	14,655	5,525	2,770	2,755
Kurdish	985	550	430	1,275	665	610
Pashto	1,285	680	610	415	210	205
Persian (Farsi)	27,490	13,875	13,615	3,835	1,895	1,940
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	145	80	65
Italic (Romance) languages	323,290	157,260	166,030	60,390	29,410	30,980
Catalan	320	170	150	25	15	10
Italian	104,600	51,705	52,895	29,625	14,430	15,195
Portuguese	36,770	17,735	19,035	11,585	5,745	5,845
Romanian	35,840	17,170	18,665	3,010	1,430	1,580
Spanish	145,635	70,405	75,235	16,090	7,765	8,325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	125	75	50	50	30	25
Japanese	2,525	775	1,750	805	265	540
Kartvelian languages	170	80	85	30	10	10
Georgian	170	80	90	25	15	10
Korean	5,160	2,270	2,890	3,725	1,705	2,020
Mongolic languages	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mongolian	195	80	115	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,355	14,360	13,995	2,210	1,020	1,190
Akan (Twi)	1,050	520	525	370	175	190
Bamanankan	1,200	655	545	0	0	0
Edo	75	45	30	30	15	15
Ewe	730	400	325	40	15	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,055	1,080	970	5	0	10
Ga	80	40	40	35	15	20
Ganda	35	15	20	45	25	20
Igbo	120	70	50	95	45	45
Lingala	2,465	1,185	1,285	40	20	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	3,345	1,600	1,745	80	35	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,500	1,115	1,380	90	40	50
Shona	85	45	40	340	145	195
Swahili	3,010	1,460	1,545	450	200	250
Wolof	3,230	1,745	1,485	5	5	5
Yoruba	255	155	100	170	100	75
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,135	4,235	3,895	405	180	225
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	180	165	160	80	75
Dinka	5	5	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	335	170	165	140	70	70
Sign languages	1,330	700	630	295	150	145
American Sign Language	65	35	30	125	55	70
Quebec Sign Language	670	330	340	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	595	340	255	170	95	75
Sino-Tibetan languages	76,840	35,775	41,065	16,015	7,535	8,480
Chinese languages	76,490	35,600	40,895	15,615	7,335	8,285
Cantonese	24,375	11,505	12,875	5,070	2,380	2,690
Hakka	470	215	260	70	30	40
Mandarin	43,700	20,175	23,525	9,205	4,310	4,900
Min Dong	20	10	15	10	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,225	1,480	1,745	355	175	180
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,075	465	605	145	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,535	1,710	1,825	755	365	385
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	45	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	175	170	400	205	190
Burmese	80	30	50	100	45	55
Karenic languages	70	40	30	260	135	120
Tibetan	110	65	50	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	4,895	2,185	2,710	985	435	550
Lao	4,115	1,995	2,120	650	315	335
Thai	765	180	585	335	125	210
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	5	0	0
Turkic languages	7,980	4,095	3,880	1,365	720	645
Azerbaijani	290	160	130	70	40	35
Turkish	7,155	3,685	3,470	1,215	645	570
Uyghur	205	100	105	15	10	10
Uzbek	145	70	75	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	185	80	105	45	25	20
Uralic languages	6,400	2,985	3,410	6,520	2,970	3,545
Estonian	195	75	120	375	165	210
Finnish	360	125	240	355	145	210
Hungarian	5,835	2,790	3,045	5,790	2,665	3,125
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	685	385	300	100	65	40
Multiple responses	184,905	92,600	92,310	23,410	11,250	12,165
English and French	72,395	36,695	35,695	3,740	1,745	1,995
English and non-official language	27,485	13,545	13,945	18,415	8,915	9,495
French and non-official language	67,075	33,110	33,970	735	345	395
English, French and non-official language	17,950	9,245	8,705	520	245	280
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,394,650	680,735	713,910
Single responses	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425	1,346,190	657,610	688,575
Official languages	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685	1,243,960	609,075	634,885
English	782,185	391,125	391,060	1,236,675	605,825	630,850
French	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625	7,290	3,250	4,040
Non-official languages	585,890	283,150	302,735	102,230	48,540	53,690
Aboriginal languages	40,190	20,205	19,980	50	20	25
Algonquian languages	28,695	14,385	14,310	30	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	28,110	14,105	14,005	10	5	5
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	7,375	3,590	3,790	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	295	290	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	30	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	5
Woods Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	14,590	7,355	7,235	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	220	115	110	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	220	110	105	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	170	200	20	10	10
Algonquin	360	165	195	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	20	5	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,375	5,770	5,615	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,350	5,750	5,600	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	70	35	35	10	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	70	35	30	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	10	25	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	545,695	262,940	282,755	102,180	48,520	53,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	91,660	46,550	45,110	10,650	5,280	5,375
Berber languages	7,495	3,895	3,605	15	10	0
Kabyle	5,105	2,660	2,450	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,390	1,235	1,150	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	535	240	295	825	375	450
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	5
Oromo	5	0	0	35	20	20
Somali	520	230	290	785	360	425
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Semitic languages	83,520	42,365	41,160	9,775	4,875	4,905
Amharic	340	150	185	80	40	45
Arabic	81,105	41,150	39,955	7,725	3,845	3,875
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	1,480	735	745
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	155	85	75
Harari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	1,705	880	825	100	50	55
Maltese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tigrigna	205	95	105	95	50	40
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	95	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,980	11,675	13,305	3,770	1,760	2,010
Khmer (Cambodian)	5,180	2,370	2,805	550	240	310
Vietnamese	19,790	9,295	10,495	3,220	1,525	1,700
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	9,715	3,960	5,750	3,850	1,695	2,155
Bikol	15	5	10	0	0	5
Cebuano	230	100	125	135	65	65
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	130	55	75	25	10	15
Ilocano	740	305	435	210	100	110
Malagasy	360	185	170	0	0	0
Malay	175	85	95	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	30	30	15	5	5
Pangasinan	10	5	10	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,905	3,150	4,760	3,400	1,480	1,915
Waray-Waray	15	10	10	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	10	5	5
Creole languages	20,705	8,780	11,925	255	110	145
Haitian Creole	855	380	475	45	20	25
Creole, n.o.s.	19,405	8,200	11,210	170	70	100
Creole languages, n.i.e.	440	200	240	35	15	15
Dravidian languages	11,400	5,595	5,805	1,095	515	580
Kannada	150	85	65	25	15	15
Malayalam	200	100	100	530	250	280
Tamil	10,720	5,215	5,500	405	185	220
Telugu	330	190	135	135	70	65
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	303,215	146,100	157,115	64,765	30,630	34,140
Albanian	1,615	795	820	835	405	430
Armenian	11,990	5,680	6,310	225	100	125
Balto-Slavic languages	40,405	19,085	21,325	18,590	8,720	9,870
Baltic languages	190	80	105	280	105	175
Latvian	75	40	40	110	45	70
Lithuanian	115	40	70	170	65	100
Slavic languages	40,220	19,000	21,220	18,310	8,615	9,695
Belarusan	25	15	15	5	0	5
Bosnian	965	475	495	705	360	350
Bulgarian	5,125	2,495	2,630	285	135	150
Croatian	1,015	475	545	2,460	1,140	1,320
Czech	460	220	240	620	290	325
Macedonian	130	65	65	275	125	145
Polish	5,970	2,695	3,270	6,085	2,765	3,320
Russian	20,680	9,775	10,900	2,005	955	1,050
Serbian	2,010	1,020	990	4,090	2,025	2,065
Serbo-Croatian	960	470	490	245	125	120
Slovak	245	120	130	285	130	150
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	95	135	275	125	150
Ukrainian	2,365	1,060	1,300	945	420	525
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	40	20	20
Celtic languages	30	20	10	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	0	0	5
Germanic languages	9,890	4,980	4,905	4,645	2,255	2,390
Afrikaans	15	10	10	160	75	80
Danish	50	25	25	20	10	10
Dutch	375	170	205	505	240	265
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5
German	2,550	1,190	1,365	3,775	1,835	1,940
Icelandic	30	15	20	10	5	5
Norwegian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	105	50	60	25	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	35	40	35	15	20
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,180	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	90	50	45
Greek	18,545	8,865	9,680	1,090	530	560
Indo-Iranian languages	53,555	26,845	26,710	16,280	8,065	8,210
Indo-Aryan languages	31,575	15,985	15,585	13,090	6,530	6,565
Bengali	8,180	4,055	4,125	975	475	495
Gujarati	3,840	1,860	1,985	1,650	850	800
Hindi	1,535	790	745	995	545	450
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	5
Konkani	30	15	15	20	10	10
Marathi	80	40	40	55	25	30
Nepali	1,355	655	700	240	125	110
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	5	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,840	4,690	4,155	5,480	2,695	2,790
Sindhi	135	65	75	80	45	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	365	185	180	190	90	95
Urdu	7,180	3,620	3,565	3,410	1,665	1,740
Iranian languages	21,745	10,740	11,010	3,110	1,490	1,620
Kurdish	510	280	235	685	340	345
Pashto	925	460	465	230	110	120
Persian (Farsi)	20,310	10,005	10,305	2,195	1,040	1,150
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	120	120	75	50	30
Italic (Romance) languages	167,190	79,835	87,355	23,105	10,550	12,550
Catalan	110	50	60	10	5	5
Italian	32,935	14,595	18,340	8,310	3,390	4,925
Portuguese	17,260	8,250	9,005	4,400	2,075	2,325
Romanian	24,520	12,000	12,525	1,355	650	710
Spanish	92,330	44,920	47,415	9,025	4,435	4,590
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	5	0	5
Japanese	1,050	425	620	305	135	170
Kartvelian languages	70	35	35	10	5	10
Georgian	70	40	35	10	0	5
Korean	3,540	1,630	1,910	2,605	1,205	1,400
Mongolic languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Mongolian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	7,250	3,450	3,800	700	305	395
Akan (Twi)	445	215	235	110	50	60
Bamanankan	265	135	125	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	0	0	5
Ewe	140	60	80	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	530	255	280	5	0	0
Ga	15	5	10	10	5	5
Ganda	5	5	5	5	5	5
Igbo	15	10	10	20	10	10
Lingala	625	270	355	25	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,110	510	600	30	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	530	225	305	30	10	15
Shona	20	10	10	130	50	80
Swahili	1,100	535	565	225	100	125
Wolof	1,035	555	480	5	0	5
Yoruba	55	25	25	35	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,350	635	710	60	20	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	45	20	25
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	65	65	40	15	25
Sign languages	1,770	1,000	775	455	245	200
American Sign Language	90	35	50	140	70	70
Quebec Sign Language	700	360	340	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	985	600	385	310	175	130
Sino-Tibetan languages	60,370	28,925	31,450	10,755	5,220	5,535
Chinese languages	60,155	28,805	31,345	10,460	5,070	5,395
Cantonese	17,845	8,470	9,375	3,045	1,440	1,605
Hakka	155	75	80	20	10	10
Mandarin	37,075	17,870	19,200	6,680	3,255	3,425
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,830	830	1,000	140	70	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	780	355	420	80	40	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,435	1,190	1,240	485	245	240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	115	100	295	150	145
Burmese	35	15	20	70	35	35
Karenic languages	65	40	30	195	105	90
Tibetan	70	45	30	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	15	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	2,375	1,145	1,230	535	265	270
Lao	2,150	1,055	1,100	360	170	185
Thai	225	90	135	170	90	85
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5,120	2,540	2,575	690	355	330
Azerbaijani	100	50	55	25	15	10
Turkish	4,715	2,340	2,370	630	320	310
Uyghur	140	75	70	5	5	5
Uzbek	105	50	55	15	10	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	15	10	5
Uralic languages	2,025	895	1,130	1,660	745	910
Estonian	30	10	20	45	20	25
Finnish	50	20	30	45	20	20
Hungarian	1,945	860	1,085	1,565	700	865
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	40	25	20
Multiple responses	322,820	157,960	164,860	48,455	23,125	25,330
English and French	86,715	43,820	42,890	2,440	1,070	1,370
English and non-official language	54,400	26,255	28,140	44,885	21,535	23,355
French and non-official language	139,385	66,610	72,775	270	125	140
English, French and non-official language	42,320	21,270	21,045	860	390	470
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285	1,394,650	680,735	713,910
None	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900	1,255,110	615,265	639,840
English	513,410	263,670	249,735	47,180	22,875	24,300
French	320,370	158,340	162,030	14,720	6,170	8,550
Non-official language	317,790	154,450	163,340	75,580	35,455	40,125
Aboriginal	5,700	2,645	3,060	355	165	190
Non-Aboriginal	312,085	151,810	160,280	75,230	35,290	39,935
English and French	36,235	18,285	17,955	350	155	195
English and non-official language	28,630	14,075	14,555	780	395	385
French and non-official language	23,470	11,365	12,095	920	405	515
English, French and non-official language	1,420	740	680	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,160,790	561,180	599,615
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,117,555	540,765	576,790
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,975	37,842	28,522	33,544	40,614	28,065
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400	1,117,890	540,800	577,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,535	33,110	26,119	30,638	36,395	26,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220	999,005	493,560	505,450
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,067	35,597	25,012	31,298	39,094	24,983
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445	821,760	366,470	455,290
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,307	5,851	8,246	6,317	4,876	6,864
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370	814,930	421,725	393,200
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,263	35,627	27,219	32,270	38,396	27,559
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,160,790	561,150	599,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595	1,118,000	540,710	577,290
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,546	49,087	36,203	45,123	53,452	37,321
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890	1,118,375	540,765	577,610
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,887	39,292	30,616	37,697	43,659	32,116
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485	999,040	493,055	505,990
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,505	47,810	33,079	43,780	52,829	34,961
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050	822,115	367,105	455,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,590	7,846	9,229	8,161	7,776	8,472
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120	814,930	421,310	393,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,382	45,974	34,313	43,420	50,298	36,059
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,160,795	561,150	599,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025	386,635	217,120	169,510
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,111	51,622	42,433	53,461	59,539	47,066
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	56,564	62,750	49,085	63,979	71,472	54,381
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.4	88.3	79.1	86.8	90.2	82.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	68.4	71.4	64.6	70.1	73.5	65.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.6	11.7	20.9	13.2	9.8	17.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140	1,160,795	561,175	599,615
Without total income	216,685	99,555	117,125	43,240	20,410	22,830
With total income	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,117,555	540,770	576,785
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.9	96.5	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	789,595	351,935	437,660	152,000	64,990	87,010
$10,000 to $19,999	1,188,135	476,630	711,500	193,835	74,965	118,870
$20,000 to $29,999	976,210	428,390	547,830	163,880	65,535	98,340
$30,000 to $39,999	852,735	414,105	438,625	132,775	61,145	71,625
$40,000 to $49,999	747,995	378,215	369,780	115,485	56,250	59,235
$50,000 to $59,999	540,265	292,110	248,150	88,985	47,510	41,475
$60,000 to $69,999	375,935	214,805	161,130	66,940	38,630	28,315
$70,000 to $79,999	286,025	164,240	121,790	49,080	29,865	19,215
$80,000 to $89,999	189,350	113,715	75,635	38,305	23,735	14,575
$90,000 to $99,999	122,750	80,090	42,660	33,545	19,395	14,145
$100,000 and over	348,620	246,360	102,255	82,725	58,745	23,980
$100,000 to $149,999	236,515	164,145	72,370	56,740	39,170	17,570
$150,000 and over	112,105	82,215	29,885	25,985	19,575	6,415
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140	1,160,790	561,175	599,615
Without after-tax income	215,120	99,375	115,750	42,900	20,375	22,530
With after-tax income	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395	1,117,885	540,800	577,085
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.6	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	822,725	359,045	463,675	157,005	66,060	90,945
$10,000 to $19,999	1,246,480	505,165	741,315	202,660	78,575	124,085
$20,000 to $29,999	1,192,885	541,080	651,810	188,935	77,655	111,280
$30,000 to $39,999	1,096,510	553,200	543,315	158,160	75,010	83,150
$40,000 to $49,999	793,150	425,040	368,115	129,215	67,085	62,125
$50,000 to $59,999	498,475	283,130	215,345	89,145	51,325	37,820
$60,000 to $69,999	309,415	180,470	128,945	61,815	38,180	23,630
$70,000 to $79,999	167,895	108,500	59,395	47,700	28,680	19,025
$80,000 and over	291,635	205,155	86,485	83,255	58,230	25,020
$80,000 to $89,999	95,010	64,670	30,335	29,270	18,810	10,460
$90,000 to $99,999	55,980	39,080	16,905	16,095	11,365	4,730
$100,000 and over	140,645	101,405	39,240	37,880	28,050	9,835
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,160,795	561,175	599,615
Without employment income	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775	345,860	139,450	206,415
With employment income	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375	814,930	421,725	393,200
Percentage with employment income	69.8	73.9	65.8	70.2	75.2	65.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	606,300	311,780	294,520	125,125	66,520	58,605
$5,000 to $9,999	367,030	162,150	204,885	66,770	29,075	37,690
$10,000 to $19,999	681,920	305,995	375,920	107,855	46,470	61,385
$20,000 to $29,999	586,140	269,950	316,195	88,700	38,235	50,465
$30,000 to $39,999	565,425	277,135	288,285	81,850	36,370	45,480
$40,000 to $49,999	476,665	247,105	229,560	74,970	35,920	39,050
$50,000 to $59,999	359,180	203,580	155,600	62,090	34,120	27,975
$60,000 to $69,999	266,650	156,255	110,395	47,105	28,265	18,840
$70,000 to $79,999	224,040	129,890	94,150	36,890	23,065	13,815
$80,000 and over	494,440	344,585	149,855	123,575	83,675	39,895
$80,000 to $89,999	139,830	90,295	49,540	30,425	19,065	11,360
$90,000 to $99,999	93,860	64,160	29,700	29,140	16,620	12,520
$100,000 and over	260,745	190,125	70,620	64,010	47,995	16,020
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,822	...	...	70,482	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,207	...	...	62,338	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,175,230	...	...	152,595	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,574	...	...	34,267	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,469	...	...	31,222	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,356,430	...	...	410,485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,645	...	...	87,917	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	77,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	3,531,665	...	...	563,080	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	89,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,404	...	...	74,874	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,174,695	...	...	152,500	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,042	...	...	43,869	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,262	...	...	37,118	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,356,970	...	...	410,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,878	...	...	106,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,426	...	...	88,897	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	7,035	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	56,315	...	...	6,475	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	119,570	...	...	15,265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180,865	...	...	20,560	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	179,690	...	...	24,930	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	154,150	...	...	22,280	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185,000	...	...	23,940	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	184,435	...	...	24,825	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	179,855	...	...	24,525	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170,445	...	...	23,730	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	313,600	...	...	44,995	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	273,620	...	...	41,085	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	241,940	...	...	37,435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,620	...	...	34,110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	176,355	...	...	31,140	...	...
$100,000 and over	860,030	...	...	180,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	327,435	...	...	60,025	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	204,105	...	...	40,885	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	192,155	...	...	45,090	...	...
$200,000 and over	136,335	...	...	34,740	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,531,660	...	...	563,075	...	...
Under $5,000	50,445	...	...	7,505	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	57,335	...	...	6,640	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120,860	...	...	15,505	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190,300	...	...	21,515	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	202,905	...	...	27,885	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	187,365	...	...	25,000	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	231,765	...	...	27,500	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225,695	...	...	28,985	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	211,990	...	...	29,005	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,760	...	...	27,960	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	363,775	...	...	52,540	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	309,825	...	...	47,355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	256,150	...	...	43,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,765	...	...	37,450	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	166,295	...	...	31,475	...	...
$100,000 and over	545,440	...	...	133,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	269,170	...	...	56,055	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130,225	...	...	33,505	...	...
$150,000 and over	146,045	...	...	44,055	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	2,261,890	...	...	397,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,378	...	...	88,135	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,152	...	...	77,148	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	930,195	...	...	150,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,075	...	...	77,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,224	...	...	68,607	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	911,980	...	...	171,815	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,246	...	...	115,295	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,844	...	...	98,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	364,085	...	...	65,640	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,708	...	...	52,758	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,805	...	...	49,002	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	2,262,045	...	...	397,775	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,863	...	...	106,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,060	...	...	89,095	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	929,645	...	...	150,035	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,304	...	...	96,113	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,167	...	...	79,837	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	912,560	...	...	171,920	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,835	...	...	133,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,279	...	...	109,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	363,610	...	...	65,590	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,753	...	...	63,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,052	...	...	56,295	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,433,210	711,180	722,030	194,405	90,895	103,510
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,195	31,526	27,210	31,195	33,692	29,461
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,706	28,214	25,434	28,661	30,504	27,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,430,625	708,225	722,405	194,085	90,650	103,440
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,684	39,840	35,571	40,695	43,158	38,537
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,513	32,729	30,321	34,623	36,035	33,385
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970	1,386,050	676,825	709,225
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115	672,310	317,470	354,835
In the bottom decile	747,785	368,385	379,395	126,130	60,265	65,865
In the second decile	898,605	408,705	489,900	133,190	58,730	74,455
In the third decile	997,185	481,975	515,210	136,730	63,935	72,795
In the fourth decile	996,230	490,275	505,960	136,295	65,680	70,610
In the fifth decile	938,080	467,425	470,655	139,965	68,860	71,105
In the top half of the distribution	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855	713,740	359,350	354,395
In the sixth decile	881,640	444,865	436,775	141,390	70,205	71,185
In the seventh decile	806,685	409,470	397,220	145,540	72,710	72,830
In the eighth decile	700,450	357,000	343,455	147,315	74,120	73,195
In the ninth decile	557,160	286,195	270,960	149,935	76,070	73,870
In the top decile	441,630	227,185	214,445	129,560	66,250	63,305
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945	1,385,310	676,440	708,870
0 to 17 years	1,564,410	800,455	763,960	273,915	140,650	133,270
0 to 5 years	532,410	272,790	259,625	86,020	44,070	41,945
18 to 64 years	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980	859,740	420,585	439,155
65 years and over	1,335,220	620,210	715,010	251,650	115,205	136,440
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,160,190	542,405	617,785	187,680	85,695	101,985
0 to 17 years	222,955	114,410	108,540	49,200	25,190	24,005
0 to 5 years	75,270	38,595	36,670	16,735	8,515	8,220
18 to 64 years	688,130	334,825	353,305	111,640	51,135	60,505
65 years and over	249,110	93,170	155,930	26,840	9,365	17,475
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.8	15.4	13.5	12.7	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	14.3	14.2	18.0	17.9	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	19.5	19.3	19.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	13.0	12.2	13.8
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.0	21.8	10.7	8.1	12.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	731,340	358,085	373,260	119,700	57,110	62,590
0 to 17 years	129,325	66,400	62,925	28,850	14,765	14,080
0 to 5 years	44,375	22,705	21,675	9,875	4,990	4,885
18 to 64 years	514,540	261,485	253,060	80,490	38,665	41,825
65 years and over	87,475	30,205	57,270	10,360	3,675	6,685
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.6	8.4	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	10.5	10.5	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	11.5	11.3	11.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.5	10.0	9.4	9.2	9.5
65 years and over (%)	6.6	4.9	8.0	4.1	3.2	4.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,050	676,825	709,225
Official languages	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890	1,370,670	670,635	700,030
English	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225	1,369,705	670,205	699,505
French	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200	90,350	39,100	51,245
Non-official languages	1,610,980	776,265	834,720	295,650	140,900	154,750
Aboriginal languages	50,890	25,190	25,700	650	315	335
Algonquian languages	37,515	18,545	18,965	255	125	125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	34,415	17,050	17,370	40	15	25
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	9,850	4,735	5,115	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	10	0	10	0	0
Naskapi	775	385	385	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	260	130	130	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	35	25	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	15	10	10
Woods Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	17,175	8,600	8,575	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	885	460	420	10	10	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	880	460	425	10	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,340	1,105	1,235	200	110	95
Algonquin	2,240	1,055	1,185	0	0	10
Ojibway	105	50	50	190	100	90
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	10	10	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	12,595	6,270	6,330	20	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	12,485	6,210	6,270	20	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	115	60	60	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	740	360	375	385	170	210
Cayuga	0	0	0	115	35	80
Mohawk	690	350	335	290	145	145
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	15	35	15	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	15	10	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	40	55	20	15	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,560,375	751,215	809,160	295,020	140,600	154,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	301,035	157,545	143,490	24,025	12,270	11,755
Berber languages	27,595	14,650	12,945	55	30	25
Kabyle	16,170	8,580	7,590	0	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	11,580	6,150	5,425	55	25	25
Cushitic languages	1,550	745	805	1,430	620	810
Bilen	35	20	10	10	0	10
Oromo	45	30	10	100	40	65
Somali	1,460	680	780	1,320	575	740
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	286,625	149,970	136,660	22,670	11,685	10,980
Amharic	1,145	540	600	335	175	165
Arabic	267,965	140,280	127,685	18,720	9,680	9,040
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	195	95	95	2,860	1,435	1,430
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	350	180	165
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	18,035	9,490	8,540	1,000	530	470
Maltese	40	10	25	620	300	315
Tigrigna	420	195	225	200	90	110
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	180	80	95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	810	430	380	85	35	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	46,050	21,955	24,095	7,025	3,260	3,770
Khmer (Cambodian)	11,840	5,620	6,220	1,335	580	755
Vietnamese	34,580	16,520	18,060	5,750	2,715	3,035
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	31,230	11,820	19,410	12,125	4,715	7,415
Bikol	105	45	60	55	30	20
Cebuano	1,105	360	750	445	135	300
Fijian	15	0	10	50	20	25
Hiligaynon	540	195	350	100	40	55
Ilocano	2,500	890	1,610	705	280	420
Malagasy	1,980	940	1,040	0	0	0
Malay	1,210	525	690	385	160	230
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	95	100	90	35	50
Pangasinan	60	20	40	25	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	26,705	9,785	16,915	11,385	4,425	6,965
Waray-Waray	55	10	45	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	540	270	275	85	30	55
Creole languages	115,445	51,970	63,475	1,330	650	680
Haitian Creole	4,910	2,285	2,620	140	55	85
Creole, n.o.s.	108,315	48,615	59,705	550	260	295
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,835	1,390	1,445	635	335	300
Dravidian languages	18,710	9,495	9,210	3,045	1,500	1,545
Kannada	415	210	205	180	90	85
Malayalam	510	285	220	1,505	745	760
Tamil	17,245	8,680	8,565	1,255	620	635
Telugu	930	540	390	330	170	160
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	912,945	435,785	477,155	212,030	101,625	110,405
Albanian	3,375	1,730	1,645	2,070	1,010	1,055
Armenian	20,290	9,790	10,500	775	385	390
Balto-Slavic languages	88,425	41,725	46,700	54,915	25,665	29,255
Baltic languages	1,080	500	585	1,520	655	865
Latvian	335	150	185	655	290	365
Lithuanian	755	350	410	865	365	500
Slavic languages	87,520	41,315	46,205	53,540	25,090	28,455
Belarusan	365	150	215	55	15	35
Bosnian	1,975	990	985	1,905	970	940
Bulgarian	7,345	3,595	3,750	525	260	260
Croatian	3,580	1,760	1,820	10,125	4,990	5,130
Czech	2,070	975	1,095	2,125	995	1,130
Macedonian	285	140	145	1,165	555	615
Polish	17,760	8,090	9,665	18,550	8,240	10,315
Russian	46,665	22,265	24,400	5,575	2,640	2,935
Serbian	4,050	1,980	2,070	9,490	4,840	4,650
Serbo-Croatian	2,385	1,140	1,245	655	335	320
Slovak	1,520	705	820	1,360	650	715
Slovene (Slovenian)	970	490	480	1,290	575	720
Ukrainian	9,015	3,885	5,135	5,515	2,290	3,225
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	75	305	165	135
Celtic languages	495	305	195	385	175	205
Scottish Gaelic	155	95	65	170	85	90
Welsh	85	45	40	70	30	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	265	175	95	145	60	85
Germanic languages	63,370	31,835	31,530	36,090	16,740	19,345
Afrikaans	415	260	150	910	420	490
Danish	835	410	420	625	260	365
Dutch	5,060	2,665	2,395	11,880	5,745	6,135
Frisian	15	10	0	405	215	190
German	43,475	21,950	21,530	21,800	10,015	11,785
Icelandic	140	80	60	30	10	20
Norwegian	510	255	255	180	65	110
Swedish	1,580	785	795	475	200	275
Vlaams (Flemish)	760	265	495	520	215	310
Yiddish	12,375	6,225	6,155	75	30	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	270	125	140	490	270	220
Greek	51,060	25,520	25,540	4,285	2,250	2,025
Indo-Iranian languages	93,655	48,040	45,615	34,970	17,645	17,330
Indo-Aryan languages	59,570	30,870	28,700	28,695	14,465	14,230
Bengali	12,870	6,610	6,260	2,080	1,035	1,050
Gujarati	7,950	3,860	4,090	3,640	1,880	1,760
Hindi	15,570	8,285	7,280	8,965	4,600	4,365
Kashmiri	45	35	15	30	15	20
Konkani	150	70	75	100	35	65
Marathi	475	240	230	325	185	140
Nepali	1,445	725	720	280	155	120
Oriya (Odia)	55	35	20	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,860	9,690	8,165	12,055	6,140	5,915
Sindhi	500	240	255	360	155	205
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,335	625	710	595	300	290
Urdu	16,545	8,655	7,890	8,850	4,430	4,425
Iranian languages	35,420	17,830	17,585	6,520	3,295	3,230
Kurdish	1,255	665	590	1,945	1,010	935
Pashto	1,825	1,005	825	445	245	195
Persian (Farsi)	32,965	16,560	16,405	4,410	2,200	2,215
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	845	425	420	235	130	105
Italic (Romance) languages	627,545	293,620	333,920	83,340	40,120	43,220
Catalan	890	525	365	45	30	15
Italian	173,710	84,430	89,275	40,140	19,360	20,780
Portuguese	55,100	27,620	27,475	14,985	7,430	7,555
Romanian	42,655	20,550	22,110	3,675	1,740	1,935
Spanish	390,355	177,610	212,745	27,025	12,755	14,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	490	345	145	170	110	65
Japanese	7,040	3,340	3,695	1,480	690	795
Kartvelian languages	220	110	110	20	15	10
Georgian	215	105	110	20	15	10
Korean	6,260	2,825	3,430	4,315	1,935	2,380
Mongolic languages	270	135	130	0	0	0
Mongolian	265	135	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	52,840	26,665	26,175	4,315	2,045	2,260
Akan (Twi)	1,800	945	855	695	325	370
Bamanankan	2,385	1,240	1,145	0	0	0
Edo	190	95	95	30	10	25
Ewe	1,410	865	545	65	30	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	3,400	1,785	1,620	25	10	20
Ga	315	155	160	80	30	50
Ganda	90	40	55	60	30	35
Igbo	275	190	90	260	170	90
Lingala	9,630	4,430	5,200	425	210	215
Rundi (Kirundi)	4,490	2,210	2,285	110	40	70
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	3,535	1,640	1,895	215	100	120
Shona	150	75	80	580	260	320
Swahili	8,015	4,080	3,935	1,135	520	615
Wolof	6,555	3,545	3,015	40	20	20
Yoruba	885	485	395	395	205	200
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	17,720	9,125	8,595	765	360	410
Nilo-Saharan languages	695	345	350	290	145	140
Dinka	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	695	345	350	260	130	130
Sign languages	7,775	3,095	4,675	2,065	920	1,150
American Sign Language	675	245	435	1,015	385	625
Quebec Sign Language	4,405	1,590	2,815	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,960	1,350	1,605	1,065	530	535
Sino-Tibetan languages	90,460	42,695	47,770	18,240	8,790	9,455
Chinese languages	90,060	42,480	47,580	17,785	8,550	9,235
Cantonese	31,885	14,900	16,980	6,420	2,985	3,430
Hakka	545	240	310	95	40	55
Mandarin	59,240	27,560	31,685	11,730	5,640	6,090
Min Dong	15	10	10	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,215	1,860	2,350	550	250	300
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,230	535	690	250	120	130
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,800	2,380	2,425	870	415	455
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	430	235	195	455	240	215
Burmese	140	75	60	85	50	35
Karenic languages	105	55	45	360	185	180
Tibetan	65	50	10	20	0	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	20	15	0
Tai-Kadai languages	7,280	3,400	3,880	1,535	685	850
Lao	5,785	2,850	2,935	990	450	535
Thai	2,255	875	1,375	725	305	420
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Turkic languages	12,475	6,265	6,210	1,815	935	880
Azerbaijani	510	275	235	125	70	60
Turkish	11,415	5,755	5,665	1,565	795	770
Uyghur	230	110	120	70	35	35
Uzbek	230	105	125	40	15	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	235	115	120	45	30	15
Uralic languages	7,870	3,710	4,160	7,470	3,435	4,035
Estonian	150	55	95	455	215	240
Finnish	500	195	305	475	180	295
Hungarian	7,215	3,450	3,765	6,545	3,045	3,505
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,140	1,170	970	340	190	150
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,045	676,825	709,225
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350	1,323,085	647,345	675,745
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,521,230	779,620	741,610	266,160	136,855	129,305
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740	1,056,925	510,485	546,440
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	379,910	188,245	191,665	62,965	29,480	33,480
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,050	676,820	709,225
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735	1,100,800	541,570	559,230
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,091,310	530,325	560,980	272,710	128,700	144,010
Before 1981	238,655	117,080	121,575	121,475	57,355	64,120
1981 to 1990	127,340	63,150	64,190	32,825	15,835	16,990
1991 to 2000	187,860	89,210	98,650	43,375	20,395	22,980
2001 to 2010	322,280	155,785	166,495	51,040	23,725	27,320
2001 to 2005	140,170	67,835	72,335	25,250	11,700	13,550
2006 to 2010	182,115	87,945	94,165	25,790	12,020	13,770
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	215,170	105,105	110,065	23,985	11,385	12,600
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	86,065	45,765	40,295	12,540	6,555	5,985
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,091,305	530,325	560,980	272,710	128,700	144,010
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330	33,490	16,505	16,990
5 to 14 years	174,020	87,165	86,855	56,960	28,740	28,215
15 to 24 years	215,350	98,880	116,475	66,125	29,470	36,655
25 to 44 years	515,770	256,095	259,675	98,705	46,000	52,705
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640	17,425	7,985	9,445
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,091,305	530,330	560,980	272,710	128,700	144,010
Americas	247,505	113,190	134,315	41,485	18,480	23,010
Brazil	7,345	3,515	3,830	880	345	535
Colombia	25,580	11,645	13,935	3,465	1,625	1,840
El Salvador	11,120	5,500	5,615	2,360	1,115	1,250
Guyana	2,490	1,085	1,410	1,990	865	1,125
Haiti	80,965	35,375	45,585	420	190	225
Jamaica	4,665	2,040	2,625	5,035	2,470	2,565
Mexico	15,820	7,090	8,730	3,260	1,555	1,710
Peru	13,265	5,945	7,325	560	245	315
Trinidad and Tobago	4,075	1,840	2,240	2,680	1,210	1,470
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	25,955	12,800	13,155	12,945	5,110	7,835
Other places of birth in Americas	56,235	26,370	29,870	7,895	3,760	4,135
Europe	311,090	154,910	156,185	142,650	68,340	74,310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,785	1,890	1,895	3,640	1,820	1,815
Croatia	2,140	1,085	1,050	7,090	3,585	3,510
France	81,225	43,490	37,735	995	485	515
Germany	9,750	4,365	5,390	8,145	3,640	4,505
Greece	18,420	9,135	9,285	2,210	1,230	980
Hungary	3,325	1,620	1,700	3,345	1,595	1,745
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	820	485	330	1,710	795	915
Italy	51,025	25,370	25,655	20,910	10,425	10,490
Netherlands	1,990	1,035	955	9,870	5,095	4,775
Poland	10,735	4,675	6,060	12,155	5,365	6,795
Portugal	18,985	9,185	9,800	8,465	4,300	4,160
Romania	28,695	13,695	15,005	3,375	1,565	1,815
Russian Federation	11,355	4,975	6,375	1,735	715	1,015
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,790	830	960	2,960	1,405	1,555
Ukraine	8,670	3,800	4,870	2,205	945	1,260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	12,905	6,645	6,260	41,830	19,690	22,140
Other places of birth in Europe	45,500	22,630	22,870	11,995	5,685	6,315
Africa	241,410	125,250	116,165	13,575	6,690	6,885
Algeria	59,465	31,180	28,280	205	95	105
Egypt	19,490	10,290	9,200	1,975	1,055	925
Ethiopia	995	495	495	450	210	250
Kenya	785	355	430	920	420	500
Morocco	60,700	31,435	29,270	270	160	110
Nigeria	1,340	740	600	700	345	355
Somalia	580	270	310	750	315	435
South Africa, Republic of	865	475	385	1,725	800	925
Other places of birth in Africa	97,200	50,005	47,190	6,575	3,285	3,290
Asia	289,825	136,175	153,655	73,865	34,575	39,290
Afghanistan	7,280	3,640	3,640	1,305	620	685
Bangladesh	7,940	3,990	3,950	1,275	645	630
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,555	19,905	29,655	8,325	3,685	4,645
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,730	2,290	2,435	1,240	570	670
India	17,865	9,195	8,670	13,505	6,560	6,940
IranCensus data footnote 61	17,760	8,880	8,885	2,250	1,150	1,100
Iraq	3,735	1,960	1,775	5,725	2,865	2,850
Japan	1,725	395	1,330	515	170	340
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,230	1,995	2,230	2,790	1,265	1,525
Lebanon	39,135	20,800	18,340	1,570	770	800
Pakistan	10,010	5,260	4,750	5,730	2,870	2,860
Philippines	24,410	9,040	15,370	11,270	4,475	6,800
Sri Lanka	10,715	5,335	5,380	1,130	565	565
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	17,775	8,800	8,980	2,300	1,180	1,120
Taiwan	2,735	1,100	1,635	470	200	270
Viet Nam	25,440	11,765	13,675	4,460	2,025	2,435
Other places of birth in Asia	44,795	21,840	22,950	9,985	4,950	5,035
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,480	805	670	1,140	615	525
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	215,170	105,105	110,065	23,985	11,385	12,600
Americas	47,710	22,625	25,085	4,580	2,320	2,255
Brazil	3,010	1,495	1,520	130	50	80
Colombia	7,540	3,465	4,075	575	270	305
Cuba	2,565	1,260	1,315	245	130	115
Haiti	16,880	7,690	9,190	140	60	80
Jamaica	190	140	55	590	355	230
Mexico	4,210	1,955	2,255	525	265	260
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,990	2,265	1,720	1,270	645	620
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,955	935	1,020	175	85	95
Other places of birth in Americas	7,365	3,425	3,935	925	460	470
Europe	39,320	20,085	19,235	3,655	1,795	1,865
France	20,030	10,855	9,175	95	50	45
Germany	580	250	330	155	75	80
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	135	105	35	130	80	50
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,750	1,695	2,055	25	0	15
Romania	2,945	1,260	1,685	265	115	155
Russian Federation	1,970	865	1,105	225	85	135
Ukraine	2,460	1,110	1,350	165	50	115
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	860	565	290	980	545	430
Other places of birth in Europe	6,590	3,385	3,205	1,620	785	835
Africa	74,200	37,110	37,090	2,660	1,230	1,435
Algeria	16,380	8,060	8,320	20	10	10
Cameroon	7,550	3,705	3,845	60	30	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,370	1,655	1,715	180	110	70
Côte d'Ivoire	5,070	2,505	2,565	15	0	10
Egypt	4,360	2,260	2,095	525	270	255
Eritrea	50	30	20	65	20	45
Ethiopia	125	65	60	105	50	60
Morocco	13,475	6,675	6,805	45	30	15
Nigeria	540	280	260	150	65	80
Somalia	95	40	50	200	95	105
South Africa, Republic of	175	115	60	145	80	65
Tunisia	5,855	3,025	2,825	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	17,155	8,690	8,470	1,130	470	660
Asia	53,595	25,070	28,525	12,970	5,960	7,005
Afghanistan	1,555	715	840	170	75	90
Bangladesh	860	455	405	150	70	80
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,705	4,805	5,895	1,495	605	890
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	120	35	80	25	10	15
India	2,960	1,555	1,405	2,125	1,020	1,105
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,505	3,545	3,960	475	235	245
Iraq	985	465	515	1,295	640	655
Israel	645	390	255	90	40	55
Japan	330	30	295	70	20	50
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	825	370	455	330	155	175
Lebanon	3,955	2,100	1,860	220	105	125
Nepal	360	165	195	90	50	40
Pakistan	1,815	920	895	1,010	470	540
Philippines	5,635	2,345	3,290	2,405	985	1,420
Saudi Arabia	435	210	225	110	55	55
Sri Lanka	860	380	480	95	45	45
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	7,455	3,740	3,715	1,425	750	665
Taiwan	170	60	105	20	0	15
Turkey	585	300	285	95	60	40
United Arab Emirates	300	160	145	210	115	90
Viet Nam	1,505	560	945	240	95	145
Other places of birth in Asia	4,025	1,765	2,265	825	355	460
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	345	215	135	125	80	40
Australia	190	120	70	85	55	30
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	155	95	65	40	30	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,050	676,820	709,230
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,204,895	590,175	614,720	291,210	138,395	152,815
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	792,085	399,535	392,550	325,225	159,650	165,575
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745	769,610	378,775	390,835
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	867,685	420,465	447,220	154,690	73,025	81,670
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	469,015	243,915	225,100	64,170	31,750	32,415
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	224,720	137,975	86,745	24,690	15,715	8,970
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	244,300	105,945	138,360	39,480	16,035	23,445
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	241,225	96,130	145,095	50,840	20,835	30,005
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	146,295	75,100	71,195	37,350	19,320	18,030
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,150	5,320	5,825	2,335	1,120	1,215
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010	1,386,045	676,825	709,225
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	182,885	91,890	90,995	36,715	17,355	19,360
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	175,960	88,635	87,325	35,230	16,675	18,550
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	92,655	45,510	47,145	24,960	11,785	13,175
Métis	69,365	36,260	33,100	9,950	4,760	5,195
Inuk (Inuit)	13,940	6,865	7,075	320	135	185
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	2,760	1,330	1,430	605	265	340
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	4,170	1,930	2,245	885	415	465
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015	1,349,335	659,465	689,865
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,050	676,825	709,225
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	77,490	38,580	38,915	15,020	6,925	8,100
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100	1,371,030	669,900	701,130
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,045	676,820	709,225
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	118,780	58,535	60,245	7,615	3,585	4,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	115,480	56,930	58,550	7,480	3,505	3,965
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	87,700	42,730	44,965	6,425	3,015	3,415
Métis single ancestry	17,585	9,225	8,360	980	475	510
Inuit single ancestry	10,200	4,980	5,220	70	25	45
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	3,300	1,605	1,700	140	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	2,220	1,115	1,105	130	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	995	455	540	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	240,650	113,905	126,740	45,265	21,630	23,640
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	235,365	111,205	124,165	44,290	21,185	23,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	193,625	90,650	102,975	34,615	16,580	18,035
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	37,080	18,320	18,760	9,340	4,460	4,885
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,660	2,230	2,425	340	150	195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	5,280	2,700	2,575	975	440	535
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,040	2,105	1,940	875	390	485
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	475	515	60	35	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030	1,333,165	651,610	681,555
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,386,045	676,825	709,225
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,032,365	505,180	527,185	180,190	87,675	92,515
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	90,335	46,750	43,585	40,615	20,295	20,320
Chinese	99,505	44,370	55,135	20,825	9,975	10,855
Black	319,230	154,110	165,120	35,040	17,480	17,560
Filipino	34,910	14,275	20,635	15,800	6,695	9,105
Latin American	133,920	64,655	69,260	16,065	7,580	8,475
Arab	213,740	113,420	100,320	15,855	8,370	7,490
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	62,820	29,960	32,865	10,590	4,940	5,650
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	32,405	16,200	16,210	6,780	3,410	3,365
Korean	8,055	3,865	4,190	5,030	2,390	2,640
Japanese	4,570	1,755	2,820	2,330	1,035	1,300
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	9,840	4,670	5,175	4,300	2,110	2,195
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	23,045	11,160	11,885	6,960	3,385	3,570
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830	1,205,860	589,150	616,710
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010	1,386,050	676,825	709,230
North American Aboriginal origins	359,430	172,440	186,985	52,880	25,210	27,670
First Nations (North American Indian)	289,610	137,550	152,065	42,110	20,095	22,020
Inuit	17,175	8,300	8,880	515	220	295
Métis	61,260	30,915	30,345	11,375	5,410	5,965
Other North American origins	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605	385,245	188,390	196,855
Acadian	34,785	16,440	18,345	1,880	990	890
American	45,050	21,470	23,580	18,215	8,485	9,730
Canadian	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555	371,290	181,900	189,390
New Brunswicker	750	370	380	50	25	20
Newfoundlander	570	280	295	1,150	525	625
Nova Scotian	365	155	215	205	80	125
Ontarian	1,345	660	685	160	50	105
Québécois	184,005	93,895	90,110	475	225	250
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	205	110	100	135	70	70
European origins	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825	1,055,400	513,290	542,105
British Isles origins	745,715	360,135	385,575	656,610	316,305	340,310
Channel Islander	1,440	725	720	200	100	105
Cornish	70	35	40	75	30	40
English	228,520	111,855	116,670	391,770	187,625	204,145
Irish	446,215	211,545	234,665	248,750	116,820	131,935
Manx	200	105	95	350	180	170
Scottish	215,030	103,395	111,635	279,880	133,700	146,180
Welsh	10,765	5,075	5,690	28,360	13,570	14,795
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	32,525	15,440	17,080	41,505	19,335	22,170
French origins	1,878,795	941,770	937,025	137,495	65,280	72,215
Alsatian	1,050	520	525	145	70	80
Breton	11,140	5,410	5,725	15	10	0
Corsican	1,270	690	580	20	0	15
French	1,870,545	937,665	932,875	137,355	65,205	72,150
Western European origins (except French origins)	244,380	119,115	125,260	265,250	130,170	135,085
Austrian	12,710	6,285	6,430	8,905	4,245	4,660
Bavarian	40	30	20	80	45	30
Belgian	51,340	25,295	26,050	9,545	4,805	4,745
Dutch	26,000	12,805	13,190	96,420	47,945	48,475
Flemish	1,345	660	685	490	275	215
Frisian	15	20	0	695	365	335
German	142,225	68,250	73,975	166,840	81,045	85,795
Luxembourger	910	445	460	75	35	40
Swiss	24,500	12,615	11,885	4,700	2,185	2,510
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	80	50	85	45	45
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,460	12,490	12,975	25,760	12,010	13,750
Danish	5,700	2,815	2,885	6,680	3,180	3,505
Finnish	3,130	1,430	1,700	5,110	2,415	2,695
Icelandic	955	480	470	1,240	585	650
Norwegian	7,820	3,835	3,985	5,535	2,535	2,995
Swedish	6,840	3,275	3,565	7,395	3,260	4,140
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	2,500	1,265	1,230	1,340	690	655
Eastern European origins	249,940	121,660	128,285	188,825	91,130	97,690
Bulgarian	9,570	4,675	4,895	1,475	775	695
Byelorussian	2,530	1,235	1,295	615	245	375
Czech	6,295	2,965	3,330	5,635	2,850	2,785
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,150	1,100	1,050	2,445	1,065	1,385
Estonian	890	460	435	1,630	760	870
Hungarian	28,280	13,970	14,310	35,035	17,055	17,980
Latvian	1,740	835	905	2,230	1,135	1,095
Lithuanian	6,630	3,320	3,305	4,255	1,995	2,260
Moldovan	7,620	3,710	3,900	160	70	90
Polish	79,040	38,705	40,335	72,920	34,745	38,180
Romanian	53,060	25,935	27,125	10,130	4,825	5,305
Russian	55,230	26,405	28,830	17,335	8,395	8,935
Slovak	4,770	2,375	2,395	6,060	3,090	2,970
Ukrainian	42,550	20,575	21,975	58,885	28,500	30,380
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,900	1,505	1,400	615	270	350
Southern European origins	549,750	273,670	276,080	231,550	116,010	115,545
Albanian	3,760	1,950	1,805	2,255	1,090	1,165
Bosnian	2,970	1,485	1,490	3,030	1,470	1,560
Catalan	735	395	340	50	40	15
Croatian	6,745	3,375	3,370	17,990	9,190	8,805
Cypriot	480	240	245	305	140	160
Greek	71,330	36,235	35,090	10,565	5,495	5,065
Italian	326,700	162,650	164,045	141,765	71,125	70,640
Kosovar	505	295	210	320	155	165
Macedonian	775	400	370	2,370	1,280	1,090
Maltese	1,220	615	610	3,580	1,795	1,785
Montenegrin	450	250	200	305	180	135
Portuguese	69,805	34,825	34,980	28,160	14,390	13,770
Serbian	5,950	2,915	3,040	12,505	6,505	6,000
Sicilian	1,435	710	725	845	370	475
Slovenian	2,510	1,225	1,280	4,335	2,190	2,145
Spanish	85,360	41,745	43,615	14,725	6,530	8,195
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,270	1,595	1,670	3,210	1,665	1,545
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	300	155	145	115	60	55
Other European origins	38,670	19,875	18,800	5,735	2,825	2,910
Basque	3,620	1,930	1,690	95	65	35
Jewish	25,235	12,955	12,280	3,035	1,470	1,565
Roma (Gypsy)	475	270	205	405	205	195
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	360	180	185	285	170	120
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	9,215	4,690	4,530	1,970	940	1,030
Caribbean origins	201,625	93,935	107,690	24,770	12,150	12,620
Antiguan	380	170	205	100	40	55
Bahamian	430	205	225	175	70	100
Barbadian	5,570	2,585	2,985	1,820	905	910
Bermudan	115	50	65	240	115	130
Carib	405	150	255	55	35	20
Cuban	9,830	4,800	5,035	1,480	675	805
Dominican	11,560	5,320	6,235	710	380	330
Grenadian	1,965	790	1,175	655	320	335
Guadeloupean	1,010	475	535	10	0	10
Haitian	143,165	66,245	76,925	820	350	470
Jamaican	14,100	6,785	7,315	13,640	6,685	6,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	360	200	160	125	75	45
Martinican	1,775	820	950	0	0	0
Montserratan	240	140	105	45	15	30
Puerto Rican	530	270	255	155	85	75
St. Lucian	860	450	405	185	100	85
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,585	2,925	3,660	3,570	1,785	1,785
Vincentian/Grenadinian	4,020	1,695	2,325	335	180	155
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,635	2,610	3,025	2,070	930	1,145
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	4,195	1,995	2,205	760	380	380
Latin, Central and South American origins	167,275	81,215	86,065	24,360	11,860	12,500
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,100	2,885	3,210	900	410	490
Arawak	180	60	120	100	45	55
Argentinian	4,950	2,490	2,460	725	375	350
Belizean	80	40	40	55	35	25
Bolivian	1,730	815	915	100	55	40
Brazilian	8,345	4,075	4,275	1,135	515	620
Chilean	14,060	7,055	7,005	890	410	480
Colombian	33,965	15,915	18,050	4,530	2,160	2,370
Costa Rican	1,180	570	610	260	140	125
Ecuadorian	2,720	1,255	1,470	565	265	300
Guatemalan	10,175	5,380	4,795	1,435	675	760
Guyanese	3,670	1,810	1,860	3,080	1,530	1,545
Hispanic	1,155	570	585	440	220	220
Honduran	4,335	2,135	2,200	475	215	260
Maya	1,670	935	735	320	150	170
Mexican	26,930	13,185	13,745	4,145	2,130	2,015
Nicaraguan	2,805	1,360	1,445	535	230	305
Panamanian	1,460	755	710	150	85	60
Paraguayan	365	155	205	125	70	60
Peruvian	19,735	9,240	10,495	800	400	400
Salvadorean	19,200	9,535	9,665	3,140	1,570	1,570
Uruguayan	1,755	815	940	195	100	95
Venezuelan	7,475	3,430	4,045	845	395	450
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,845	2,965	2,880	1,130	535	595
African origins	382,665	196,910	185,755	26,120	12,970	13,145
Central and West African origins	86,695	44,720	41,975	4,770	2,385	2,385
Akan	630	325	310	35	15	20
Angolan	875	425	450	200	100	95
Ashanti	120	90	35	55	35	20
Beninese	4,125	2,220	1,915	20	0	20
Burkinabe	2,465	1,325	1,145	25	15	10
Cameroonian	17,095	8,635	8,465	200	110	90
Chadian	1,045	525	520	280	125	150
Congolese	20,210	9,960	10,250	895	450	440
Edo	110	60	45	10	0	10
Ewe	460	265	200	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,165	545	620	0	0	0
Gambian	150	95	55	20	10	15
Ghanaian	3,235	1,660	1,575	1,255	635	625
Guinean	5,255	2,765	2,485	70	30	40
Ibo	185	95	95	75	60	20
Ivorian	8,545	4,350	4,200	40	20	25
Liberian	150	60	90	85	50	35
Malian	3,535	1,755	1,775	25	10	15
Malinké	635	340	295	0	0	0
Nigerian	2,820	1,510	1,310	1,315	675	640
Peulh	2,110	1,080	1,030	0	0	0
Senegalese	8,250	4,420	3,835	35	0	30
Sierra Leonean	110	55	55	70	40	30
Togolese	4,080	2,210	1,870	20	10	20
Wolof	660	390	270	0	0	0
Yoruba	460	225	235	115	50	65
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	6,955	3,690	3,275	300	110	190
North African origins	225,125	117,725	107,410	6,060	3,210	2,850
Algerian	60,375	31,185	29,190	285	150	140
Berber	33,825	17,840	15,985	90	50	40
Coptic	685	385	305	100	65	35
Dinka	15	10	10	40	20	15
Egyptian	29,400	15,295	14,100	3,215	1,735	1,485
Libyan	1,075	590	485	365	195	170
Maure	530	290	240	0	0	0
Moroccan	85,940	44,520	41,420	495	280	215
Sudanese	370	220	150	1,425	740	685
Tunisian	21,475	11,775	9,695	180	80	100
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	3,340	1,845	1,490	175	80	100
Southern and East African origins	28,925	14,225	14,705	7,170	3,420	3,750
Afrikaner	115	75	40	25	10	20
Amhara	65	30	35	45	20	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,905	1,040	870	90	50	40
Burundian	6,015	2,945	3,070	130	55	70
Djiboutian	450	205	245	10	10	0
Eritrean	580	290	290	275	110	160
Ethiopian	1,575	785	785	615	290	325
Harari	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenyan	530	270	260	500	225	275
Malagasy	3,735	1,815	1,920	0	0	0
Mauritian	3,695	1,735	1,960	110	55	60
Oromo	20	15	10	60	45	20
Rwandan	5,130	2,445	2,685	325	155	165
Seychellois	775	345	425	50	25	20
Somali	1,785	865	915	1,575	705	870
South African	900	490	420	1,915	920	995
Tanzanian	325	190	140	195	80	110
Tigrian	95	35	55	0	0	0
Ugandan	290	135	160	155	80	75
Zambian	45	20	25	135	65	65
Zimbabwean	300	150	145	715	330	390
Zulu	70	35	35	100	55	50
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,790	915	875	495	245	250
Other African origins	46,805	22,845	23,965	8,545	4,145	4,400
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,800	1,845	1,950	1,340	640	695
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	43,785	21,415	22,370	7,270	3,540	3,725
Asian origins	563,150	275,170	287,980	135,310	65,490	69,825
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240,795	123,985	116,810	33,235	16,890	16,345
Afghan	10,945	5,550	5,395	2,005	990	1,015
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,875	23,680	21,195	3,835	2,055	1,780
Armenian	27,380	13,515	13,865	2,525	1,285	1,245
Assyrian	370	205	165	2,245	1,125	1,120
Azerbaijani	555	295	255	155	80	80
Georgian	635	295	345	80	35	45
Hazara	385	190	200	45	35	10
Iranian	25,530	12,845	12,685	3,640	1,860	1,775
Iraqi	5,520	2,780	2,740	4,290	2,165	2,120
Israeli	6,060	3,235	2,830	570	295	275
Jordanian	1,610	840	770	870	410	460
Kazakh	620	295	325	65	30	35
Kurd	2,135	1,180	960	1,835	935	905
Kuwaiti	95	50	50	50	25	20
Kyrgyz	260	140	120	15	10	0
Lebanese	78,140	40,695	37,450	4,400	2,125	2,280
Palestinian	6,865	3,520	3,345	2,790	1,465	1,330
Pashtun	515	280	235	115	65	55
Saudi Arabian	645	390	255	285	165	130
Syrian	27,465	13,845	13,620	2,455	1,240	1,215
Tajik	390	180	210	15	10	10
Tatar	910	430	485	45	25	20
Turk	15,060	7,520	7,545	2,415	1,200	1,215
Turkmen	65	45	25	25	10	10
Uighur	375	185	190	75	35	30
Uzbek	465	210	255	40	15	25
Yemeni	805	450	355	410	215	195
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,465	1,385	1,075	940	440	505
South Asian origins	95,670	48,925	46,745	42,760	21,325	21,435
Bangladeshi	7,075	3,625	3,450	1,030	500	535
Bengali	4,125	2,035	2,090	510	275	240
Bhutanese	420	205	215	15	10	10
East Indian	51,650	26,505	25,140	31,205	15,630	15,575
Goan	210	105	110	170	75	90
Gujarati	420	205	215	185	70	115
Kashmiri	260	155	105	160	70	85
Nepali	930	460	470	255	140	110
Pakistani	13,535	7,000	6,535	6,210	3,085	3,125
Punjabi	2,970	1,675	1,295	2,310	1,150	1,155
Sinhalese	310	135	175	230	125	105
Sri Lankan	14,750	7,300	7,450	1,490	690	800
Tamil	3,100	1,610	1,495	205	100	105
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,135	1,190	945	1,655	840	810
East and Southeast Asian origins	229,985	103,805	126,180	60,530	27,935	32,595
Burmese	530	270	255	160	85	75
Cambodian (Khmer)	15,345	7,360	7,985	1,935	870	1,060
Chinese	121,445	54,595	66,850	26,145	12,425	13,720
Filipino	37,910	15,590	22,320	17,215	7,420	9,790
Hmong	35	10	20	0	0	0
Indonesian	1,320	570	755	580	250	330
Japanese	6,495	2,615	3,875	3,135	1,470	1,675
Karen	95	55	40	385	205	180
Korean	8,740	4,155	4,580	5,185	2,465	2,720
Laotian	7,625	3,860	3,770	1,420	630	790
Malaysian	645	300	340	325	130	190
Mongolian	960	470	485	145	85	60
Singaporean	105	65	40	25	10	20
Taiwanese	2,205	940	1,265	300	130	170
Thai	2,695	1,065	1,635	845	325	515
Tibetan	80	45	30	35	0	35
Vietnamese	43,080	20,790	22,290	7,010	3,355	3,660
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	275	125	155	195	90	100
Other Asian origins	1,765	905	865	690	305	385
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,770	905	860	695	305	390
Oceania origins	3,250	1,730	1,515	2,125	1,035	1,090
Australian	2,055	1,125	935	1,405	675	730
New Zealander	490	245	245	380	195	190
Pacific Islands origins	785	410	380	375	180	190
Fijian	70	25	40	135	50	85
Hawaiian	60	40	20	55	25	25
Maori	90	55	35	80	40	35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	290	145	145	20	20	0
Samoan	15	15	0	40	35	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	295	155	145	60	10	45
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
Owner	2,163,735	...	...	407,260	...	...
Renter	1,362,010	...	...	155,800	...	...
Band housing	5,915	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	3,531,660	...	...	563,075	...	...
Condominium	413,325	...	...	54,295	...	...
Not condominium	3,118,340	...	...	508,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	3,531,665	...	...	563,080	...	...
No bedrooms	23,725	...	...	2,015	...	...
1 bedroom	573,370	...	...	62,275	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100,310	...	...	122,435	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,157,300	...	...	237,070	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	676,955	...	...	139,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	3,531,665	...	...	563,080	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,258,215	...	...	114,490	...	...
5 rooms	620,935	...	...	78,480	...	...
6 rooms	432,090	...	...	91,905	...	...
7 rooms	403,255	...	...	87,405	...	...
8 or more rooms	817,165	...	...	190,800	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	3,531,665	...	...	563,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,492,135	...	...	557,340	...	...
More than 1 person per room	39,530	...	...	5,735	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	3,531,660	...	...	563,075	...	...
Suitable	3,398,910	...	...	541,565	...	...
Not suitable	132,755	...	...	21,510	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	3,531,660	...	...	563,075	...	...
1960 or before	894,495	...	...	184,170	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,116,760	...	...	168,630	...	...
1981 to 1990	503,495	...	...	65,960	...	...
1991 to 2000	369,020	...	...	58,000	...	...
2001 to 2005	196,830	...	...	31,365	...	...
2006 to 2010	241,545	...	...	28,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	209,515	...	...	26,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,304,625	...	...	526,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	227,040	...	...	36,085	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	3,531,665	...	...	563,075	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,221,970	...	...	326,790	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,264,195	...	...	224,500	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,500	...	...	11,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	3,531,665	...	...	563,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	119,495	...	...	12,350	...	...
25 to 34 years	498,070	...	...	66,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	603,840	...	...	87,830	...	...
45 to 54 years	682,290	...	...	115,265	...	...
55 to 64 years	731,390	...	...	117,405	...	...
65 to 74 years	541,630	...	...	89,450	...	...
75 to 84 years	270,280	...	...	52,425	...	...
85 years and over	84,680	...	...	21,405	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	3,496,460	...	...	558,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,763,105	...	...	420,570	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	733,355	...	...	137,640	...	...
30% to less than 100%	647,975	...	...	122,530	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,141,690	...	...	403,190	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.9	...	...	59.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	12.9	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	983	...	...	1,156	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,085	...	...	1,298	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	250,302	...	...	348,993	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	290,484	...	...	403,452	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,358,265	...	...	155,530	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	9.3	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	33.7	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	720	...	...	909	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	775	...	...	970	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,160,790	561,150	599,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,323,070	674,955	648,115	216,850	108,530	108,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,426,980	674,820	752,155	341,945	165,610	176,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970	602,000	287,010	314,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120,730	681,515	439,215	85,730	61,340	24,390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	806,585	435,090	371,495	39,880	24,325	15,555
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	314,145	246,425	67,720	45,855	37,015	8,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165,515	506,775	658,740	271,820	115,385	156,435
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	236,255	93,680	142,575	20,805	9,320	11,485
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,361,730	628,290	733,440	223,645	100,960	122,680
Bachelor's degree	872,060	384,275	487,790	152,885	66,235	86,650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	118,955	54,255	64,695	15,075	6,590	8,485
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	39,045	19,865	19,185	6,720	3,830	2,885
Master's degree	281,215	139,280	141,935	41,660	19,745	21,910
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	50,455	30,615	19,840	7,310	4,565	2,745
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125	737,185	357,760	379,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	580,635	323,880	256,750	80,630	44,510	36,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	808,955	396,620	412,330	201,950	102,155	99,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040	454,610	211,095	243,510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	866,595	513,575	353,015	56,170	40,020	16,145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	631,795	330,140	301,655	26,340	16,080	10,265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	234,800	183,440	51,360	29,825	23,945	5,880
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	832,430	367,185	465,245	209,935	89,370	120,565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	167,025	67,530	99,495	13,930	6,235	7,695
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,116,300	499,010	617,290	174,575	75,470	99,105
Bachelor's degree	712,935	308,760	404,175	118,940	50,150	68,785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	94,240	40,085	54,160	11,635	4,765	6,865
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30,775	13,505	17,270	5,320	2,745	2,575
Master's degree	238,300	113,895	124,410	33,205	14,680	18,520
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	40,050	22,780	17,270	5,480	3,130	2,350
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,160,790	561,150	599,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270	558,795	274,145	284,650
Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	38,925	9,705	29,225
13. Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	38,930	9,705	29,220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	156,720	71,485	85,240	22,465	10,105	12,365
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25,380	18,280	7,100	4,115	3,015	1,105
50. Visual and performing arts	131,340	53,200	78,140	18,345	7,090	11,260
Humanities	215,735	86,065	129,675	32,510	12,860	19,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	32,180	7,165	25,020	2,895	635	2,255
23. English language and literature/letters	12,900	4,060	8,835	8,325	2,520	5,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	103,120	42,685	60,435	7,965	2,910	5,055
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	880	395	485	180	55	130
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10,400	6,650	3,755	2,190	1,285	905
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,125	6,200	3,930	3,445	2,080	1,365
54. History	17,055	9,990	7,065	5,805	3,110	2,695
55. French language and literature/letters	29,070	8,920	20,155	1,705	265	1,440
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380,995	125,025	255,975	71,505	22,580	48,925
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	1,165	3,150	640	120	525
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	48,530	16,690	31,845	7,140	3,015	4,130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	77,470	6,070	71,400	15,665	1,175	14,490
22. Legal professions and studies	67,185	25,785	41,395	8,970	2,690	6,285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	9,905	2,035	7,870	1,480	255	1,225
42. Psychology	57,335	14,030	43,305	10,825	2,670	8,155
45. Social sciences	116,255	59,245	57,015	26,785	12,660	14,125
Business, management and public administration	879,190	321,450	557,740	115,260	44,955	70,300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	815	300	520	235	65	170
44. Public administration and social service professions	47,715	10,490	37,225	11,210	1,830	9,380
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830,660	310,665	519,990	103,810	43,055	60,755
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140,990	76,780	64,215	21,410	11,155	10,255
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	49,705	20,900	28,805	9,030	3,940	5,090
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	23,210	13,865	9,350	4,395	2,055	2,335
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	21,890	10,810	11,080	255	75	180
40. Physical sciences	39,060	27,545	11,515	6,435	4,610	1,825
41. Science technologies/technicians	7,120	3,660	3,465	1,290	470	825
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,105	104,850	47,255	19,370	11,865	7,500
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125,480	92,730	32,750	14,250	9,510	4,750
25. Library science	11,110	2,145	8,965	1,560	155	1,410
27. Mathematics and statistics	13,415	8,365	5,045	3,255	1,990	1,265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,100	1,605	495	295	215	80
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	828,400	758,350	70,055	126,900	118,025	8,870
04. Architecture and related services	29,015	17,055	11,960	4,395	3,285	1,110
14. Engineering	150,450	124,585	25,865	20,025	16,940	3,085
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150,640	135,445	15,195	29,690	26,720	2,970
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	60	20	40	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	185,385	179,995	5,390	24,525	24,030	500
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	184,280	178,510	5,770	29,155	28,610	550
48. Precision production	128,580	122,750	5,830	19,095	18,445	645
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85,485	56,900	28,585	11,220	6,995	4,225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	51,770	30,870	20,900	7,995	5,010	2,985
03. Natural resources and conservation	33,715	26,025	7,690	3,230	1,990	1,240
Health and related fields	480,230	95,450	384,780	100,250	17,975	82,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,955	14,675	13,280	9,770	4,585	5,185
51. Health professions and related programs	441,105	74,630	366,470	88,380	12,200	76,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,160	6,140	5,020	2,095	1,195	900
Personal, protective and transportation services	290,005	151,070	138,935	42,040	20,750	21,290
12. Personal and culinary services	164,595	43,720	120,875	22,915	5,845	17,075
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	290	270	20	160	120	35
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,345	1,245	100	160	150	10
43. Security and protective services	54,625	42,415	12,210	12,400	8,685	3,715
49. Transportation and materials moving	69,160	63,425	5,740	6,400	5,945	455
Other	1,055	375	680	150	35	115
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,055	375	675	145	35	115
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130	737,185	357,760	379,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,389,585	720,500	669,085	282,580	146,665	135,910
Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	26,645	6,320	20,330
13. Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	26,650	6,315	20,330
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	122,045	55,575	66,475	17,270	7,730	9,540
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	19,510	13,740	5,770	3,030	2,215	815
50. Visual and performing arts	102,535	41,830	60,705	14,240	5,510	8,725
Humanities	138,330	54,580	83,750	23,515	8,925	14,590
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25,220	5,455	19,765	2,160	455	1,705
23. English language and literature/letters	9,585	2,990	6,595	6,040	1,745	4,295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,730	25,305	32,430	5,905	2,110	3,795
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	600	255	350	140	35	105
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,980	4,415	2,570	1,500	880	625
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,415	3,380	2,035	2,320	1,360	960
54. History	12,235	7,140	5,095	4,210	2,180	2,025
55. French language and literature/letters	20,555	5,640	14,915	1,240	165	1,080
Social and behavioural sciences and law	301,550	95,120	206,430	56,600	16,985	39,615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,550	925	2,620	495	100	395
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40,275	13,900	26,370	6,030	2,495	3,535
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	63,120	4,295	58,825	12,405	815	11,595
22. Legal professions and studies	53,620	18,830	34,790	7,530	1,955	5,575
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,840	1,420	5,420	1,160	180	980
42. Psychology	44,540	10,255	34,285	8,210	1,920	6,290
45. Social sciences	89,610	45,495	44,110	20,770	9,520	11,245
Business, management and public administration	706,400	248,920	457,480	89,485	34,130	55,355
30.16 Accounting and computer science	615	215	400	185	55	130
44. Public administration and social service professions	38,320	7,835	30,485	9,165	1,420	7,740
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	667,470	240,870	426,600	80,135	32,650	47,480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	92,480	49,390	43,090	15,925	7,790	8,135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40,895	16,635	24,260	6,960	2,895	4,060
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	12,450	7,435	5,015	3,240	1,485	1,750
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,175	2,385	1,785	225	75	150
40. Physical sciences	29,705	20,255	9,445	4,550	3,025	1,525
41. Science technologies/technicians	5,255	2,675	2,580	950	310	645
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	132,750	91,865	40,885	16,245	10,140	6,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	112,715	83,240	29,470	12,550	8,450	4,100
25. Library science	8,720	1,665	7,055	1,065	115	950
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,725	5,815	3,915	2,395	1,405	990
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,585	1,150	440	245	170	70
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	639,185	577,845	61,335	91,585	84,225	7,365
04. Architecture and related services	24,260	13,870	10,385	3,480	2,570	920
14. Engineering	126,835	103,165	23,665	14,925	12,240	2,685
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	116,595	103,710	12,885	22,250	19,825	2,430
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	50	15	30	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	134,865	130,350	4,510	16,830	16,375	455
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	139,935	135,155	4,780	21,035	20,635	400
48. Precision production	96,655	91,580	5,075	13,050	12,580	470
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	69,865	45,215	24,655	8,805	5,255	3,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	41,755	23,965	17,795	6,220	3,680	2,540
03. Natural resources and conservation	28,110	21,250	6,860	2,580	1,570	1,010
Health and related fields	368,600	72,245	296,355	76,615	13,840	62,775
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	22,660	11,635	11,030	7,735	3,575	4,160
51. Health professions and related programs	337,320	56,510	280,810	67,245	9,410	57,835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	8,620	4,110	4,510	1,635	855	785
Personal, protective and transportation services	229,640	118,260	111,375	31,790	15,740	16,055
12. Personal and culinary services	129,245	32,830	96,410	16,840	4,300	12,540
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	225	200	25	110	85	35
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	875	795	80	75	75	10
43. Security and protective services	42,550	32,575	9,975	9,760	6,650	3,115
49. Transportation and materials moving	56,750	51,860	4,890	5,000	4,635	370
Other	890	300	595	130	25	105
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	890	300	595	130	25	105
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,160,790	561,150	599,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270	558,790	274,145	284,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970	602,000	287,005	314,990
Location of study inside Canada	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880	516,720	244,350	272,370
Same as province or territory of residence	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270	490,680	231,790	258,890
Different than province or territory of residence	142,415	73,800	68,610	26,035	12,560	13,480
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	374,620	193,530	181,090	85,275	42,660	42,620
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	28,320	16,915	11,410	19,575	9,480	10,090
Philippines	12,515	3,600	8,920	5,125	1,755	3,370
India	6,805	3,660	3,150	6,065	3,005	3,055
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	11,250	6,535	4,715	12,665	7,590	5,075
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	17,155	7,755	9,395	3,160	1,365	1,790
France	69,665	39,885	29,780	500	270	225
Other	228,905	115,185	113,725	38,195	19,190	19,010
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130	737,185	357,760	379,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,389,590	720,505	669,085	282,575	146,665	135,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045	454,610	211,095	243,510
Location of study inside Canada	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780	395,285	183,495	211,790
Same as province or territory of residence	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280	377,115	174,750	202,365
Different than province or territory of residence	108,630	55,125	53,500	18,165	8,740	9,425
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	306,115	153,850	152,265	59,325	27,610	31,720
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	19,655	11,145	8,505	14,590	6,580	8,010
Philippines	10,545	2,935	7,610	4,175	1,385	2,790
India	4,865	2,465	2,400	4,920	2,360	2,560
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,390	4,245	3,145	5,035	2,790	2,245
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,420	6,865	8,550	2,570	1,100	1,470
France	57,315	32,115	25,205	400	210	190
Other	190,930	94,085	96,850	27,635	13,185	14,455
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,160,790	561,150	599,640
In the labour force	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	733,020	377,525	355,495
Employed	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	682,910	350,610	332,300
Unemployed	306,170	177,630	128,540	50,115	26,920	23,195
Not in the labour force	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480	427,765	183,625	244,145
Participation rate	64.1	67.9	60.5	63.1	67.3	59.3
Employment rate	59.5	62.5	56.7	58.8	62.5	55.4
Unemployment rate	7.2	8.0	6.3	6.8	7.1	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,160,795	561,150	599,640
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655	401,790	171,985	229,805
Worked	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585	759,000	389,165	369,835
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215	395,840	223,200	172,635
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375	363,165	165,965	197,200
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	43.1	43.5	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	733,025	377,525	355,495
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,485	51,640	49,850	14,780	7,355	7,420
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915	718,245	370,175	348,070
Employee	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185	640,575	321,680	318,890
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	489,090	299,355	189,730	77,670	48,485	29,180
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	733,020	377,525	355,490
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,640	49,850	14,780	7,360	7,425
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	718,245	370,170	348,075
0 Management occupations	418,450	263,585	154,875	79,020	48,445	30,580
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	677,390	210,525	466,865	101,190	29,460	71,730
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	286,270	222,375	63,895	38,815	31,325	7,495
3 Health occupations	295,765	57,160	238,610	52,010	9,235	42,770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	502,945	147,145	355,795	81,495	25,555	55,940
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135,730	64,370	71,365	19,095	8,540	10,555
6 Sales and service occupations	988,610	449,820	538,790	182,250	74,670	107,580
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	574,675	544,100	30,570	107,405	100,765	6,635
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	67,290	55,610	11,685	15,830	11,540	4,285
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	206,875	148,405	58,475	41,135	30,640	10,495
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765	733,020	377,530	355,495
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,635	49,850	14,775	7,355	7,425
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	718,240	370,170	348,070
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	84,060	60,460	23,595	14,980	9,185	5,795
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20,920	18,175	2,745	1,380	1,190	190
22 Utilities	28,410	20,650	7,755	4,275	3,210	1,065
23 Construction	254,055	223,770	30,285	52,000	45,695	6,305
31-33 Manufacturing	458,315	332,080	126,240	84,215	64,245	19,965
41 Wholesale trade	157,365	104,885	52,475	30,580	21,145	9,435
44-45 Retail trade	508,170	239,625	268,545	86,260	38,590	47,675
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	187,550	142,550	45,000	31,220	22,485	8,740
51 Information and cultural industries	100,775	59,705	41,070	12,680	7,165	5,515
52 Finance and insurance	165,140	66,175	98,965	27,190	11,205	15,985
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	61,380	36,505	24,875	11,995	6,270	5,720
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	288,715	161,030	127,685	40,470	21,935	18,535
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,305	1,270	2,035	1,070	495	575
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	176,185	108,280	67,905	35,985	20,620	15,365
61 Educational services	306,575	96,170	210,405	57,060	17,520	39,535
62 Health care and social assistance	532,680	99,380	433,295	87,050	14,160	72,885
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	84,130	44,235	39,895	18,570	9,730	8,835
72 Accommodation and food services	278,500	123,235	155,265	57,580	22,705	34,875
81 Other services (except public administration)	193,700	89,455	104,245	31,010	14,870	16,140
91 Public administration	264,085	135,455	128,630	32,675	17,735	14,940
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	682,905	350,610	332,295
Worked at home	266,285	134,325	131,960	46,595	22,850	23,745
Worked outside Canada	10,600	7,580	3,020	3,480	2,335	1,145
No fixed workplace address	351,595	265,405	86,185	74,470	54,620	19,850
Worked at usual place	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050	558,365	270,805	287,560
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050	558,365	270,800	287,560
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,732,155	810,895	921,260	304,785	133,835	170,950
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485,450	234,700	250,750	89,445	42,910	46,540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,037,125	549,095	488,030	162,860	93,350	69,505
Commute to a different province or territory	66,125	35,110	31,015	1,270	705	560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240	632,835	325,425	307,405
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625	510,480	269,605	240,870
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	133,760	51,045	82,715	43,095	19,820	23,280
Public transit	503,285	217,465	285,820	40,695	17,140	23,550
Walked	205,350	93,595	111,760	27,410	12,010	15,400
Bicycle	54,625	36,470	18,155	5,240	3,840	1,400
Other method	36,010	20,845	15,170	5,910	3,010	2,905
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240	632,835	325,425	307,405
Less than 15 minutes	1,035,455	493,225	542,235	181,960	81,770	100,190
15 to 29 minutes	1,200,455	617,010	583,445	226,660	110,695	115,965
30 to 44 minutes	777,955	425,640	352,310	111,170	61,670	49,500
45 to 59 minutes	343,540	184,440	159,100	49,420	29,700	19,725
60 minutes and over	315,035	174,875	140,160	63,620	41,595	22,030
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240	632,830	325,425	307,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	256,150	192,835	63,315	51,680	38,185	13,500
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675,585	420,120	255,465	115,115	72,835	42,280
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,133,510	527,925	605,580	156,310	77,640	78,675
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	714,935	296,300	418,630	130,455	50,180	80,280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	349,845	148,715	201,125	67,605	27,150	40,460
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	542,425	309,295	233,125	111,655	59,440	52,215
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655	781,795	400,350	381,445
Single responses	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385	776,065	397,845	378,215
Official languages	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420	772,440	395,800	376,645
English	541,720	294,935	246,780	769,050	394,965	374,085
French	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640	3,395	835	2,555
Non-official languages	34,160	17,190	16,970	3,620	2,050	1,575
Aboriginal languages	12,670	6,180	6,490	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	8,350	4,095	4,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	8,285	4,060	4,220	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,100	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,800	840	960	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	210	105	100	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	35	20	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,145	2,515	2,630	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,305	2,080	2,220	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,290	2,075	2,215	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	15	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,490	11,005	10,480	3,615	2,050	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,895	1,125	775	180	115	65
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,860	1,110	745	175	120	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,715	1,045	665	150	90	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	20	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	70	70	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,725	850	870	210	85	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	315	140	175	10	10	0
Vietnamese	1,410	710	695	200	85	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	45	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	50	60	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	275	90	190	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	265	90	175	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	145	75	70	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,165	5,255	4,910	1,875	1,090	780
Albanian	30	20	10	35	25	10
Armenian	275	130	145	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,130	500	635	455	255	205
Baltic languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,115	495	625	450	250	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	40	15	25
Bulgarian	55	20	30	0	10	0
Croatian	10	0	10	50	35	10
Czech	10	0	10	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	170	65	105	135	65	70
Russian	735	340	395	55	20	30
Serbian	10	15	0	120	75	45
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	110	35	75	20	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,285	575	715	255	155	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	370	170	195	185	120	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	860	375	485	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Greek	525	260	270	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,385	780	600	345	200	140
Indo-Aryan languages	680	390	295	290	160	125
Bengali	110	70	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	10	35	20	10
Hindi	35	20	15	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	20	0	10	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	415	225	190	175	100	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	50	35	55	30	25
Iranian languages	700	395	305	50	35	10
Kurdish	15	0	15	10	0	0
Pashto	10	0	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	675	385	285	40	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,525	2,990	2,540	765	440	325
Catalan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Italian	590	315	275	55	20	35
Portuguese	635	365	270	205	140	65
Romanian	320	140	175	10	0	0
Spanish	3,975	2,165	1,810	500	270	230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	235	80	150	95	50	40
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	300	150	150	175	85	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	20	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	60	140	40	10	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	0	25
Quebec Sign Language	125	20	110	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	45	30	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,070	3,125	2,945	940	550	380
Chinese languages	6,075	3,130	2,950	920	545	375
Cantonese	2,655	1,325	1,330	310	220	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,100	1,630	1,465	555	300	255
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	235	130	110	50	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	40	75	25	10	20
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	55	10	40	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	110	55	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	40	25	20	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	35	0	35	15	15	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	341,900	182,635	159,265	5,730	2,500	3,230
English and French	315,620	169,365	146,255	2,065	705	1,360
English and non-official language	6,545	3,655	2,890	3,575	1,770	1,805
French and non-official language	7,525	3,460	4,065	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	12,205	6,160	6,055	90	25	65
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655	781,795	400,350	381,445
None	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690	755,750	388,630	367,125
English	1,031,380	555,940	475,440	3,895	1,395	2,495
French	317,490	169,785	147,705	9,285	3,665	5,620
Non-official language	49,850	25,900	23,950	12,370	6,440	5,930
Aboriginal	4,985	2,285	2,705	80	20	65
Non-Aboriginal	44,865	23,620	21,245	12,290	6,420	5,870
English and French	2,185	1,040	1,140	0	10	10
English and non-official language	14,910	7,255	7,655	35	20	15
French and non-official language	6,855	3,795	3,055	455	200	260
English, French and non-official language	65	50	20	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575	1,371,970	669,520	702,450
Non-movers	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195	1,210,485	590,305	620,180
Movers	914,800	450,420	464,380	161,485	79,215	82,270
Non-migrants	547,410	269,850	277,560	91,475	44,540	46,930
Migrants	367,385	180,565	186,820	70,010	34,670	35,335
Internal migrants	305,465	149,335	156,135	61,070	30,050	31,020
Intraprovincial migrants	284,280	137,945	146,330	56,505	27,685	28,820
Interprovincial migrants	21,190	11,385	9,805	4,565	2,365	2,200
External migrants	61,920	31,235	30,685	8,945	4,625	4,315
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805	1,314,620	640,395	674,230
Non-movers	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065	852,445	415,645	436,805
Movers	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740	462,180	224,750	237,425
Non-migrants	1,507,665	741,220	766,440	255,370	123,890	131,485
Migrants	1,187,425	584,125	603,295	206,800	100,860	105,940
Internal migrants	949,170	464,830	484,340	176,775	85,945	90,840
Intraprovincial migrants	893,800	436,525	457,270	164,305	79,830	84,475
Interprovincial migrants	55,370	28,300	27,070	12,475	6,110	6,365
External migrants	238,250	119,295	118,960	30,030	14,915	15,105