Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Quebec [Province]			Lower Mainland--Southwest British Columbia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Quebec [Province]  Map : Quebec [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	8,164,361	...	...	2,832,000	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	7,903,001	...	...	2,657,713r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	3,858,943	...	...	1,185,037	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	3,531,663	...	...	1,099,698	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.0	...	...	78.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,356,625.27	...	...	36,303.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605	2,832,000	1,385,250	1,446,745
0 to 14 years	1,333,260	682,535	650,720	426,565	220,025	206,535
0 to 4 years	444,930	227,965	216,970	137,035	70,665	66,370
5 to 9 years	469,165	240,225	228,940	145,140	75,025	70,115
10 to 14 years	419,160	214,345	204,815	144,395	74,340	70,050
15 to 64 years	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280	1,951,420	957,425	993,995
15 to 19 years	429,825	219,070	210,755	163,615	84,180	79,435
20 to 24 years	500,100	252,600	247,500	188,560	96,505	92,060
25 to 29 years	495,410	248,030	247,380	201,755	100,410	101,345
30 to 34 years	515,505	256,440	259,070	206,890	101,985	104,910
35 to 39 years	550,540	274,595	275,945	191,215	92,570	98,650
40 to 44 years	506,525	254,100	252,425	191,610	91,030	100,580
45 to 49 years	519,425	260,410	259,015	208,560	99,900	108,660
50 to 54 years	619,435	309,070	310,370	217,900	106,435	111,470
55 to 59 years	636,475	314,190	322,285	203,870	98,630	105,240
60 to 64 years	562,670	276,140	286,535	177,430	85,785	91,645
65 years and over	1,495,195	669,590	825,605	454,020	207,800	246,220
65 to 69 years	488,175	236,395	251,775	153,355	73,380	79,975
70 to 74 years	373,590	176,905	196,690	105,975	50,555	55,425
75 to 79 years	256,905	116,020	140,890	77,930	35,965	41,965
80 to 84 years	187,835	78,390	109,450	57,030	25,825	31,210
85 years and over	188,685	61,885	126,805	59,720	22,070	37,645
85 to 89 years	120,635	43,795	76,840	36,760	14,920	21,840
90 to 94 years	53,165	15,155	38,015	17,290	5,740	11,545
95 to 99 years	13,035	2,685	10,350	4,835	1,230	3,605
100 years and over	1,850	255	1,600	835	180	655
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.0	15.7	15.1	15.9	14.3
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.3	64.4	68.9	69.1	68.7
65 years and over	18.3	16.7	19.9	16.0	15.0	17.0
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	2.1	1.6	2.6
Average age of the population	41.9	40.9	42.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	42.5	41.4	43.6	41.0	39.8	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Single-detached house	1,602,680	...	...	357,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	187,800	...	...	161,655	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,717,680	...	...	572,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	188,245	...	...	24,985	...	...
Row house	93,350	...	...	106,955	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	265,195	...	...	172,450	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,154,955	...	...	266,175	...	...
Other single-attached house	15,940	...	...	1,500	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	23,505	...	...	8,075	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 person	1,175,230	...	...	310,905	...	...
2 persons	1,227,765	...	...	349,285	...	...
3 persons	489,460	...	...	172,935	...	...
4 persons	426,250	...	...	157,590	...	...
5 or more persons	212,960	...	...	108,985	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,965,455	...	...	2,785,950	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885	2,405,435	1,165,225	1,240,210
Married or living common law	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395	1,375,715	685,820	689,895
Married	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260	1,187,600	591,000	596,605
Living common law	1,501,160	752,025	749,135	188,115	94,820	93,295
Not married and not living common law	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490	1,029,720	479,405	550,315
Never married	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280	704,075	375,990	328,085
Separated	103,625	46,390	57,240	59,290	24,410	34,880
Divorced	483,195	194,430	288,760	147,960	55,515	92,445
Widowed	389,555	84,345	305,210	118,390	23,485	94,910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	2,257,560	...	...	783,325	...	...
2 persons	1,204,955	...	...	382,340	...	...
3 persons	466,310	...	...	178,990	...	...
4 persons	412,160	...	...	165,005	...	...
5 or more persons	174,140	...	...	56,990	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	2,257,560	...	...	783,320	...	...
Total couple families	1,878,095	...	...	663,130	...	...
Married couples	1,128,355	...	...	569,090	...	...
Common-law couples	749,740	...	...	94,040	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	379,460	...	...	120,190	...	...
Female parent	284,900	...	...	96,730	...	...
Male parent	94,565	...	...	23,460	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,878,095	...	...	663,135	...	...
Couples without children	970,260	...	...	306,065	...	...
Couples with children	907,840	...	...	357,065	...	...
1 child	356,640	...	...	145,235	...	...
2 children	384,875	...	...	157,010	...	...
3 or more children	166,315	...	...	54,820	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	379,465	...	...	120,190	...	...
1 child	234,695	...	...	76,275	...	...
2 children	109,670	...	...	33,755	...	...
3 or more children	35,100	...	...	10,165	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,579,070	775,765	803,305	523,050	244,290	278,755
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
One-census-family households	2,197,340	...	...	692,915	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	947,305	...	...	267,200	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	1,250,040	...	...	425,720	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	29,595	...	...	43,235	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,304,725	...	...	363,545	...	...
One-person households	1,175,230	...	...	310,905	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	129,500	...	...	52,640	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
English only	372,445	187,595	184,860	2,463,925	1,224,910	1,239,015
French only	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095	1,215	580	630
English and French	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275	192,685	85,790	106,895
Neither English nor French	75,065	31,000	44,060	145,670	60,275	85,395
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
English	964,120	482,985	481,135	2,614,385	1,290,090	1,324,290
French	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560	29,945	15,035	14,915
English and French	278,710	144,060	134,655	15,285	7,020	8,260
Neither English nor French	72,775	29,845	42,930	143,885	59,405	84,475
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,103,480	555,015	548,465	37,590	18,545	19,045
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	13.7	14.0	13.4	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
Single responses	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975	2,719,185	1,330,900	1,388,280
Official languages	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845	1,628,860	821,870	806,990
English	601,155	301,860	299,300	1,599,230	806,985	792,245
French	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550	29,630	14,880	14,745
Non-official languages	1,060,830	517,700	543,125	1,090,325	509,030	581,290
Aboriginal languages	45,570	22,530	23,040	1,400	650	755
Algonquian languages	33,140	16,365	16,770	385	160	225
Blackfoot	5	0	0	20	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	31,430	15,575	15,855	270	125	140
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,715	4,155	4,555	0	0	5
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	285	305	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	135	55	80	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	45	15	30
Southern East Cree	35	15	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	20	5	5
Woods Cree	10	5	5	20	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	15,790	7,920	7,875	175	80	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	485	225	260	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	485	220	260	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,215	565	645	85	30	60
Algonquin	1,185	555	630	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	80	30	50
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	120	50	70
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	115	50	65
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	45	15	25
Chilcotin	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	5	0	5	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	5
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	15	5	0
Inuit languages	11,970	5,955	6,015	25	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	11,895	5,925	5,970	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	75	25	45	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	375	165	210	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	365	160	210	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	5	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Michif	5	5	0	10	10	5
Salish languages	5	0	0	560	280	275
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	75	40	35
Lillooet	0	0	0	300	150	150
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	15	15	5
Squamish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	95	50	45
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	100	40	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Nisga'a	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Haisla	0	0	0	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	65	30	35	85	45	45
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,015,260	495,175	520,090	1,088,920	508,380	580,540
Afro-Asiatic languages	197,535	104,185	93,355	21,410	11,395	10,015
Berber languages	20,845	11,125	9,720	100	65	35
Kabyle	12,470	6,625	5,840	35	25	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,375	4,500	3,875	65	40	25
Cushitic languages	1,125	545	580	1,370	685	685
Bilen	10	10	5	5	5	0
Oromo	15	10	5	175	100	75
Somali	1,075	515	560	1,175	580	600
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	10	5	5
Semitic languages	175,215	92,310	82,900	19,900	10,620	9,275
Amharic	745	340	405	1,165	570	595
Arabic	169,890	89,590	80,300	14,875	8,035	6,840
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	150	80	70	635	310	325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	435	240	200
Harari	0	5	5	25	10	15
Hebrew	3,885	2,040	1,845	1,805	985	825
Maltese	25	10	15	100	45	55
Tigrigna	385	185	205	705	350	360
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	145	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	200	155	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	36,305	17,030	19,275	25,495	11,685	13,810
Khmer (Cambodian)	8,855	4,105	4,750	1,255	570	685
Vietnamese	27,425	12,920	14,505	24,205	11,100	13,105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	35	15	20
Austronesian languages	21,635	7,800	13,835	84,740	34,635	50,105
Bikol	115	35	80	320	140	175
Cebuano	885	270	610	3,340	1,325	2,015
Fijian	0	0	0	425	215	210
Hiligaynon	410	125	275	1,310	490	820
Ilocano	2,060	745	1,315	4,725	1,870	2,855
Malagasy	1,250	590	660	15	5	10
Malay	705	265	440	3,575	1,570	2,005
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	205	90	110	645	295	345
Pangasinan	95	40	50	275	120	155
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15,545	5,480	10,065	69,045	28,155	40,895
Waray-Waray	50	10	40	180	70	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	140	180	880	380	500
Creole languages	56,990	25,220	31,770	690	355	330
Haitian Creole	2,220	1,055	1,170	30	20	10
Creole, n.o.s.	53,785	23,675	30,110	420	205	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	980	490	490	245	130	110
Dravidian languages	14,865	7,435	7,430	6,425	3,395	3,025
Kannada	240	130	110	235	120	115
Malayalam	440	235	205	1,850	955	900
Tamil	13,600	6,715	6,880	3,320	1,720	1,600
Telugu	570	345	230	975	580	400
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	135	70	65
Indo-European languages	553,045	269,625	283,420	473,365	231,000	242,370
Albanian	2,795	1,420	1,370	1,225	630	590
Armenian	16,430	7,970	8,460	1,100	545	555
Balto-Slavic languages	68,155	30,960	37,195	61,285	28,650	32,635
Baltic languages	850	335	515	700	295	405
Latvian	290	120	175	355	160	195
Lithuanian	555	215	340	350	140	205
Slavic languages	67,310	30,630	36,675	60,585	28,355	32,230
Belarusan	80	45	35	65	35	35
Bosnian	1,620	805	815	1,225	610	610
Bulgarian	6,985	3,385	3,600	1,770	825	945
Croatian	2,330	1,165	1,170	5,645	2,735	2,910
Czech	1,465	690	775	4,025	1,925	2,100
Macedonian	205	105	95	255	125	135
Polish	13,935	6,065	7,865	12,975	6,090	6,890
Russian	28,565	12,715	15,850	19,060	8,655	10,410
Serbian	3,140	1,590	1,545	6,395	3,275	3,120
Serbo-Croatian	1,805	865	940	1,170	555	615
Slovak	1,040	455	585	2,610	1,165	1,445
Slovene (Slovenian)	755	350	405	605	285	320
Ukrainian	5,210	2,285	2,920	4,585	1,980	2,605
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	85	195	95	95
Celtic languages	155	95	60	350	185	160
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	140	70	65
Welsh	40	20	20	140	75	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	70	40	30
Germanic languages	27,540	13,280	14,260	52,285	24,765	27,515
Afrikaans	125	60	65	1,735	870	860
Danish	395	190	200	2,515	1,245	1,275
Dutch	2,825	1,395	1,430	11,210	5,405	5,805
Frisian	10	10	0	155	75	85
German	13,670	6,340	7,330	33,475	15,695	17,785
Icelandic	65	30	35	180	80	95
Norwegian	200	100	100	1,015	500	520
Swedish	555	255	300	1,490	650	845
Vlaams (Flemish)	540	240	300	230	115	110
Yiddish	8,985	4,560	4,420	225	115	105
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	40	25	15
Greek	38,635	19,435	19,205	5,095	2,640	2,455
Indo-Iranian languages	76,040	39,205	36,835	276,335	136,855	139,485
Indo-Aryan languages	45,845	23,875	21,970	231,470	114,305	117,165
Bengali	10,995	5,620	5,380	2,720	1,415	1,305
Gujarati	6,070	2,980	3,090	6,410	3,030	3,380
Hindi	3,030	1,635	1,390	25,065	11,975	13,090
Kashmiri	20	15	5	45	30	20
Konkani	110	60	55	230	115	110
Marathi	255	145	110	545	290	260
Nepali	1,505	740	765	950	500	445
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	65	35	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,380	6,720	5,660	183,165	90,735	92,435
Sindhi	330	160	165	1,595	740	855
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	645	310	330	1,515	755	760
Urdu	10,470	5,460	5,010	9,170	4,685	4,480
Iranian languages	29,760	15,105	14,655	44,500	22,360	22,145
Kurdish	985	550	430	1,715	910	805
Pashto	1,285	680	610	1,075	570	505
Persian (Farsi)	27,490	13,875	13,615	41,705	20,875	20,835
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	370	190	175
Italic (Romance) languages	323,290	157,260	166,030	75,690	36,725	38,970
Catalan	320	170	150	130	75	60
Italian	104,600	51,705	52,895	16,075	8,070	8,010
Portuguese	36,770	17,735	19,035	12,445	5,880	6,565
Romanian	35,840	17,170	18,665	7,790	3,800	3,990
Spanish	145,635	70,405	75,235	39,190	18,865	20,330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	125	75	50	65	40	25
Japanese	2,525	775	1,750	17,795	6,085	11,715
Kartvelian languages	170	80	85	65	35	25
Georgian	170	80	90	65	35	25
Korean	5,160	2,270	2,890	47,895	21,580	26,315
Mongolic languages	190	75	115	345	150	200
Mongolian	195	80	115	345	145	200
Niger-Congo languages	28,355	14,360	13,995	2,845	1,430	1,415
Akan (Twi)	1,050	520	525	420	230	190
Bamanankan	1,200	655	545	10	5	5
Edo	75	45	30	85	45	35
Ewe	730	400	325	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,055	1,080	970	20	15	5
Ga	80	40	40	30	15	20
Ganda	35	15	20	70	35	30
Igbo	120	70	50	165	100	65
Lingala	2,465	1,185	1,285	60	20	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	3,345	1,600	1,745	105	40	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,500	1,115	1,380	105	45	55
Shona	85	45	40	160	70	85
Swahili	3,010	1,460	1,545	650	320	330
Wolof	3,230	1,745	1,485	30	10	20
Yoruba	255	155	100	225	130	95
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,135	4,235	3,895	670	305	360
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	180	165	305	155	155
Dinka	5	5	0	90	55	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	335	170	165	215	95	115
Sign languages	1,330	700	630	720	380	335
American Sign Language	65	35	30	300	150	150
Quebec Sign Language	670	330	340	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	595	340	255	415	230	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	76,840	35,775	41,065	390,745	178,580	212,160
Chinese languages	76,490	35,600	40,895	388,415	177,415	211,000
Cantonese	24,375	11,505	12,875	185,300	85,535	99,765
Hakka	470	215	260	2,210	970	1,245
Mandarin	43,700	20,175	23,525	176,645	80,060	96,585
Min Dong	20	10	15	225	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,225	1,480	1,745	10,765	4,800	5,965
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,075	465	605	4,360	1,920	2,445
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,535	1,710	1,825	8,710	3,945	4,770
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	45	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	175	170	2,330	1,165	1,160
Burmese	80	30	50	1,045	530	515
Karenic languages	70	40	30	785	380	405
Tibetan	110	65	50	275	140	135
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	220	115	110
Tai-Kadai languages	4,895	2,185	2,710	3,100	1,120	1,980
Lao	4,115	1,995	2,120	1,025	515	515
Thai	765	180	585	2,055	595	1,460
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	15	10	10
Turkic languages	7,980	4,095	3,880	3,785	2,080	1,700
Azerbaijani	290	160	130	500	275	220
Turkish	7,155	3,685	3,470	2,845	1,605	1,235
Uyghur	205	100	105	165	85	85
Uzbek	145	70	75	100	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	185	80	105	175	75	100
Uralic languages	6,400	2,985	3,410	8,670	4,040	4,630
Estonian	195	75	120	490	210	280
Finnish	360	125	240	2,205	905	1,300
Hungarian	5,835	2,790	3,045	5,970	2,925	3,050
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	685	385	300	395	210	185
Multiple responses	184,905	92,600	92,310	84,315	40,655	43,665
English and French	72,395	36,695	35,695	5,985	2,890	3,095
English and non-official language	27,485	13,545	13,945	74,945	36,180	38,765
French and non-official language	67,075	33,110	33,970	1,655	805	855
English, French and non-official language	17,950	9,245	8,705	1,735	780	950
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
Single responses	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425	2,602,790	1,275,740	1,327,050
Official languages	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685	1,945,020	966,960	978,060
English	782,185	391,125	391,060	1,935,230	962,115	973,115
French	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625	9,790	4,850	4,940
Non-official languages	585,890	283,150	302,735	657,770	308,775	348,990
Aboriginal languages	40,190	20,205	19,980	160	70	90
Algonquian languages	28,695	14,385	14,310	30	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	28,110	14,105	14,005	20	5	10
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	7,375	3,590	3,790	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	295	290	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	30	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	14,590	7,355	7,235	20	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	220	115	110	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	220	110	105	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	170	200	10	5	0
Algonquin	360	165	195	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	5	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	11,375	5,770	5,615	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,350	5,750	5,600	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	70	35	35	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	70	35	30	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	5	55	30	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	30	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	10	25	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	545,695	262,940	282,755	657,605	308,700	348,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	91,660	46,550	45,110	12,260	6,145	6,115
Berber languages	7,495	3,895	3,605	40	20	20
Kabyle	5,105	2,660	2,450	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,390	1,235	1,150	20	15	10
Cushitic languages	535	240	295	700	315	380
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	80	40	35
Somali	520	230	290	610	270	345
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Semitic languages	83,520	42,365	41,160	11,515	5,805	5,705
Amharic	340	150	185	540	250	290
Arabic	81,105	41,150	39,955	8,995	4,560	4,430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	400	200	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	310	165	145
Harari	5	0	5	10	5	5
Hebrew	1,705	880	825	795	410	390
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	205	95	105	360	170	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,980	11,675	13,305	15,890	7,370	8,520
Khmer (Cambodian)	5,180	2,370	2,805	635	295	335
Vietnamese	19,790	9,295	10,495	15,240	7,060	8,175
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	15	10	10
Austronesian languages	9,715	3,960	5,750	36,345	16,075	20,270
Bikol	15	5	10	70	30	35
Cebuano	230	100	125	1,120	505	615
Fijian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Hiligaynon	130	55	75	375	160	215
Ilocano	740	305	435	1,500	640	855
Malagasy	360	185	170	5	5	5
Malay	175	85	95	1,065	490	580
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	30	30	140	65	70
Pangasinan	10	5	10	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,905	3,150	4,760	31,570	13,940	17,630
Waray-Waray	15	10	10	55	25	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	290	140	150
Creole languages	20,705	8,780	11,925	305	135	170
Haitian Creole	855	380	475	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	19,405	8,200	11,210	225	95	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	440	200	240	80	40	45
Dravidian languages	11,400	5,595	5,805	3,465	1,750	1,720
Kannada	150	85	65	95	40	55
Malayalam	200	100	100	950	480	470
Tamil	10,720	5,215	5,500	1,955	975	985
Telugu	330	190	135	460	250	205
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	15	5	5	60	25	30
Indo-European languages	303,215	146,100	157,115	250,500	121,860	128,635
Albanian	1,615	795	820	565	270	290
Armenian	11,990	5,680	6,310	525	230	290
Balto-Slavic languages	40,405	19,085	21,325	26,725	12,830	13,895
Baltic languages	190	80	105	165	75	95
Latvian	75	40	40	70	30	40
Lithuanian	115	40	70	95	40	50
Slavic languages	40,220	19,000	21,220	26,555	12,755	13,805
Belarusan	25	15	15	15	5	5
Bosnian	965	475	495	565	280	285
Bulgarian	5,125	2,495	2,630	940	435	505
Croatian	1,015	475	545	1,820	855	965
Czech	460	220	240	1,140	580	560
Macedonian	130	65	65	120	55	65
Polish	5,970	2,695	3,270	4,765	2,270	2,490
Russian	20,680	9,775	10,900	11,215	5,320	5,895
Serbian	2,010	1,020	990	3,500	1,775	1,725
Serbo-Croatian	960	470	490	440	205	235
Slovak	245	120	130	855	415	435
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	95	135	65	30	35
Ukrainian	2,365	1,060	1,300	1,090	510	580
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	35	15	15
Celtic languages	30	20	10	40	20	20
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	15	10	10
Welsh	10	10	0	20	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	5	0	0
Germanic languages	9,890	4,980	4,905	6,425	3,000	3,420
Afrikaans	15	10	10	665	315	350
Danish	50	25	25	210	100	100
Dutch	375	170	205	1,015	470	545
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	2,550	1,190	1,365	4,105	1,895	2,205
Icelandic	30	15	20	55	25	30
Norwegian	20	5	10	75	35	40
Swedish	105	50	60	250	120	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	35	40	20	10	10
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,180	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	0
Greek	18,545	8,865	9,680	1,780	860	925
Indo-Iranian languages	53,555	26,845	26,710	182,115	89,165	92,955
Indo-Aryan languages	31,575	15,985	15,585	152,620	74,855	77,765
Bengali	8,180	4,055	4,125	1,595	785	805
Gujarati	3,840	1,860	1,985	2,790	1,235	1,560
Hindi	1,535	790	745	11,650	5,515	6,135
Kashmiri	5	0	0	5	5	5
Konkani	30	15	15	40	20	20
Marathi	80	40	40	250	125	120
Nepali	1,355	655	700	560	295	270
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	5	35	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,840	4,690	4,155	129,170	63,680	65,495
Sindhi	135	65	75	595	255	340
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	365	185	180	615	300	315
Urdu	7,180	3,620	3,565	5,320	2,630	2,690
Iranian languages	21,745	10,740	11,010	29,305	14,210	15,090
Kurdish	510	280	235	1,055	535	525
Pashto	925	460	465	665	335	330
Persian (Farsi)	20,310	10,005	10,305	27,585	13,350	14,235
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	120	120	190	95	95
Italic (Romance) languages	167,190	79,835	87,355	32,330	15,490	16,840
Catalan	110	50	60	60	30	35
Italian	32,935	14,595	18,340	4,020	1,750	2,270
Portuguese	17,260	8,250	9,005	5,225	2,485	2,740
Romanian	24,520	12,000	12,525	3,520	1,695	1,825
Spanish	92,330	44,920	47,415	19,490	9,525	9,960
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	15	5	10
Japanese	1,050	425	620	8,645	3,575	5,075
Kartvelian languages	70	35	35	20	10	5
Georgian	70	40	35	20	10	10
Korean	3,540	1,630	1,910	35,705	16,415	19,295
Mongolic languages	145	70	75	165	75	85
Mongolian	145	70	75	160	80	90
Niger-Congo languages	7,250	3,450	3,800	765	345	425
Akan (Twi)	445	215	235	125	70	60
Bamanankan	265	135	125	5	0	5
Edo	10	5	5	20	10	10
Ewe	140	60	80	15	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	530	255	280	0	0	0
Ga	15	5	10	0	0	5
Ganda	5	5	5	5	5	5
Igbo	15	10	10	35	20	15
Lingala	625	270	355	35	10	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,110	510	600	55	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	530	225	305	45	15	30
Shona	20	10	10	45	20	25
Swahili	1,100	535	565	165	70	95
Wolof	1,035	555	480	5	0	0
Yoruba	55	25	25	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,350	635	710	160	70	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	135	60	75
Dinka	0	0	0	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	65	65	85	30	55
Sign languages	1,770	1,000	775	940	515	425
American Sign Language	90	35	50	320	160	155
Quebec Sign Language	700	360	340	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	985	600	385	620	355	260
Sino-Tibetan languages	60,370	28,925	31,450	287,365	131,920	155,445
Chinese languages	60,155	28,805	31,345	285,705	131,085	154,620
Cantonese	17,845	8,470	9,375	132,670	60,485	72,180
Hakka	155	75	80	680	280	395
Mandarin	37,075	17,870	19,200	139,860	64,645	75,215
Min Dong	0	0	0	60	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,830	830	1,000	4,665	2,120	2,550
Wu (Shanghainese)	780	355	420	2,500	1,150	1,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,435	1,190	1,240	5,155	2,325	2,830
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	115	100	1,660	835	825
Burmese	35	15	20	685	350	340
Karenic languages	65	40	30	705	345	365
Tibetan	70	45	30	180	95	85
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	85	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	2,375	1,145	1,230	1,140	500	640
Lao	2,150	1,055	1,100	435	210	225
Thai	225	90	135	695	285	415
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages	5,120	2,540	2,575	1,590	830	760
Azerbaijani	100	50	55	180	95	85
Turkish	4,715	2,340	2,370	1,225	645	585
Uyghur	140	75	70	100	50	50
Uzbek	105	50	55	40	25	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	40	15	20
Uralic languages	2,025	895	1,130	2,190	1,035	1,155
Estonian	30	10	20	75	30	45
Finnish	50	20	30	495	225	275
Hungarian	1,945	860	1,085	1,620	785	835
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	115	55	65
Multiple responses	322,820	157,960	164,860	200,710	95,815	104,895
English and French	86,715	43,820	42,890	3,910	1,875	2,030
English and non-official language	54,400	26,255	28,140	193,705	92,555	101,150
French and non-official language	139,385	66,610	72,775	535	240	295
English, French and non-official language	42,320	21,270	21,045	2,560	1,135	1,425
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
None	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900	2,249,180	1,108,510	1,140,675
English	513,410	263,670	249,735	244,785	118,650	126,135
French	320,370	158,340	162,030	22,820	10,360	12,455
Non-official language	317,790	154,450	163,340	277,825	129,870	147,955
Aboriginal	5,700	2,645	3,060	1,440	680	755
Non-Aboriginal	312,085	151,810	160,280	276,385	129,185	147,200
English and French	36,235	18,285	17,955	1,020	465	555
English and non-official language	28,630	14,075	14,555	5,060	2,370	2,690
French and non-official language	23,470	11,365	12,095	2,710	1,285	1,430
English, French and non-official language	1,420	740	680	85	45	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	2,359,980	1,143,780	1,216,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	2,263,230	1,097,500	1,165,730
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,975	37,842	28,522	32,405	38,991	27,391
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400	2,266,270	1,100,245	1,166,025
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,535	33,110	26,119	29,270	34,158	25,579
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220	2,034,790	1,003,285	1,031,505
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,067	35,597	25,012	32,175	39,492	26,202
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445	1,575,265	671,850	903,420
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,307	5,851	8,246	2,847	1,483	3,722
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370	1,700,820	863,460	837,360
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,263	35,627	27,219	33,005	39,839	27,429
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595	2,263,515	1,097,270	1,166,245
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,546	49,087	36,203	46,142	55,079	37,735
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890	2,266,585	1,100,070	1,166,515
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,887	39,292	30,616	38,095	44,153	32,383
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485	2,034,275	1,002,715	1,031,560
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,505	47,810	33,079	46,383	56,119	36,919
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050	1,575,245	671,185	904,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,590	7,846	9,229	6,404	6,206	6,552
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120	1,700,825	863,425	837,395
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,382	45,974	34,313	45,163	54,051	35,998
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025	726,080	414,225	311,860
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,111	51,622	42,433	54,361	60,328	48,283
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	56,564	62,750	49,085	66,709	74,780	55,988
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.4	88.3	79.1	90.4	93.1	86.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	68.4	71.4	64.6	73.6	77.2	68.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.6	11.7	20.9	9.6	6.9	13.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205
Without total income	216,685	99,555	117,125	96,755	46,275	50,480
With total income	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	2,263,230	1,097,505	1,165,725
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.9	96.5	95.9	96.0	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	789,595	351,935	437,660	379,360	161,345	218,020
$10,000 to $19,999	1,188,135	476,630	711,500	399,980	164,660	235,315
$20,000 to $29,999	976,210	428,390	547,830	290,520	122,995	167,530
$30,000 to $39,999	852,735	414,105	438,625	246,310	110,555	135,755
$40,000 to $49,999	747,995	378,215	369,780	216,680	102,005	114,670
$50,000 to $59,999	540,265	292,110	248,150	171,470	87,240	84,235
$60,000 to $69,999	375,935	214,805	161,130	133,090	74,720	58,365
$70,000 to $79,999	286,025	164,240	121,790	101,915	59,560	42,360
$80,000 to $89,999	189,350	113,715	75,635	80,390	47,760	32,625
$90,000 to $99,999	122,750	80,090	42,660	57,335	35,475	21,860
$100,000 and over	348,620	246,360	102,255	186,180	131,190	54,990
$100,000 to $149,999	236,515	164,145	72,370	121,035	82,855	38,180
$150,000 and over	112,105	82,215	29,885	65,150	48,335	16,810
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205
Without after-tax income	215,120	99,375	115,750	93,715	43,530	50,180
With after-tax income	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395	2,266,270	1,100,250	1,166,020
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.6	96.0	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	822,725	359,045	463,675	393,465	169,995	223,465
$10,000 to $19,999	1,246,480	505,165	741,315	418,950	175,390	243,560
$20,000 to $29,999	1,192,885	541,080	651,810	342,985	148,440	194,535
$30,000 to $39,999	1,096,510	553,200	543,315	290,545	132,940	157,605
$40,000 to $49,999	793,150	425,040	368,115	240,205	118,335	121,870
$50,000 to $59,999	498,475	283,130	215,345	174,880	96,725	78,155
$60,000 to $69,999	309,415	180,470	128,945	124,580	73,005	51,575
$70,000 to $79,999	167,895	108,500	59,395	89,825	53,595	36,230
$80,000 and over	291,635	205,155	86,485	190,840	131,820	59,020
$80,000 to $89,999	95,010	64,670	30,335	56,960	36,765	20,195
$90,000 to $99,999	55,980	39,080	16,905	36,120	24,605	11,515
$100,000 and over	140,645	101,405	39,240	97,760	70,450	27,310
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	2,359,985	1,143,780	1,216,205
Without employment income	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775	659,160	280,320	378,845
With employment income	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375	1,700,820	863,460	837,365
Percentage with employment income	69.8	73.9	65.8	72.1	75.5	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	606,300	311,780	294,520	244,220	109,730	134,490
$5,000 to $9,999	367,030	162,150	204,885	129,965	55,085	74,880
$10,000 to $19,999	681,920	305,995	375,920	230,480	101,020	129,455
$20,000 to $29,999	586,140	269,950	316,195	190,490	85,735	104,760
$30,000 to $39,999	565,425	277,135	288,285	176,405	81,450	94,955
$40,000 to $49,999	476,665	247,105	229,560	161,450	76,815	84,635
$50,000 to $59,999	359,180	203,580	155,600	129,645	68,330	61,315
$60,000 to $69,999	266,650	156,255	110,395	102,940	60,195	42,745
$70,000 to $79,999	224,040	129,890	94,150	81,320	48,935	32,380
$80,000 and over	494,440	344,585	149,855	253,910	176,170	77,740
$80,000 to $89,999	139,830	90,295	49,540	65,415	39,925	25,495
$90,000 to $99,999	93,860	64,160	29,700	46,105	29,835	16,275
$100,000 and over	260,745	190,125	70,620	142,390	106,410	35,975
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,822	...	...	72,196	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,207	...	...	63,053	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,175,230	...	...	310,905	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,574	...	...	37,372	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,469	...	...	33,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,356,430	...	...	788,795	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,645	...	...	91,035	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	79,340	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	94,975	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,404	...	...	78,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,174,695	...	...	310,915	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,042	...	...	48,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,262	...	...	40,547	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,356,970	...	...	788,785	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,878	...	...	113,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,426	...	...	93,485	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	30,630	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	56,315	...	...	17,065	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	119,570	...	...	32,640	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180,865	...	...	43,985	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	179,690	...	...	42,275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	154,150	...	...	41,105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185,000	...	...	42,415	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	184,435	...	...	42,545	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	179,855	...	...	42,390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170,445	...	...	42,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	313,600	...	...	80,975	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	273,620	...	...	75,570	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	241,940	...	...	69,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,620	...	...	63,805	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	176,355	...	...	57,215	...	...
$100,000 and over	860,030	...	...	375,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	327,435	...	...	115,425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	204,105	...	...	82,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	192,155	...	...	92,765	...	...
$200,000 and over	136,335	...	...	84,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Under $5,000	50,445	...	...	32,700	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	57,335	...	...	17,320	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120,860	...	...	33,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190,300	...	...	45,480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	202,905	...	...	48,020	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	187,365	...	...	49,460	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	231,765	...	...	51,105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225,695	...	...	51,010	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	211,990	...	...	51,270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,760	...	...	49,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	363,775	...	...	93,555	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	309,825	...	...	84,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	256,150	...	...	77,590	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,765	...	...	67,820	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	166,295	...	...	58,630	...	...
$100,000 and over	545,440	...	...	287,680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	269,170	...	...	111,745	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130,225	...	...	69,220	...	...
$150,000 and over	146,045	...	...	106,720	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	2,261,890	...	...	752,860	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,378	...	...	91,058	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,152	...	...	79,285	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	930,195	...	...	262,680	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,075	...	...	83,407	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,224	...	...	72,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	911,980	...	...	355,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,246	...	...	111,233	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,844	...	...	96,154	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	364,085	...	...	107,585	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,708	...	...	52,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,805	...	...	48,241	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	2,262,045	...	...	752,275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,863	...	...	113,507	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,060	...	...	93,570	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	929,645	...	...	262,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,304	...	...	106,855	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,167	...	...	86,973	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	912,560	...	...	356,320	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,835	...	...	133,464	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,279	...	...	109,910	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	363,610	...	...	107,230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,753	...	...	66,377	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,052	...	...	57,086	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,433,210	711,180	722,030	445,180	215,390	229,790
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,195	31,526	27,210	31,939	33,649	30,619
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,706	28,214	25,434	28,854	30,052	27,923
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,430,625	708,225	722,405	444,385	214,355	230,025
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,684	39,840	35,571	42,880	45,497	40,441
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,513	32,729	30,321	35,905	37,587	34,337
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115	1,368,265	652,270	715,990
In the bottom decile	747,785	368,385	379,395	341,810	163,715	178,095
In the second decile	898,605	408,705	489,900	265,710	122,465	143,240
In the third decile	997,185	481,975	515,210	248,540	118,045	130,495
In the fourth decile	996,230	490,275	505,960	252,745	121,750	130,995
In the fifth decile	938,080	467,425	470,655	259,460	126,290	133,170
In the top half of the distribution	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855	1,417,690	711,220	706,470
In the sixth decile	881,640	444,865	436,775	263,840	129,595	134,245
In the seventh decile	806,685	409,470	397,220	270,630	134,665	135,960
In the eighth decile	700,450	357,000	343,455	280,375	140,545	139,830
In the ninth decile	557,160	286,195	270,960	292,430	147,565	144,870
In the top decile	441,630	227,185	214,445	310,410	158,850	151,565
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945	2,765,265	1,353,365	1,411,895
0 to 17 years	1,564,410	800,455	763,960	516,045	266,115	249,925
0 to 5 years	532,410	272,790	259,625	163,605	84,390	79,210
18 to 64 years	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980	1,826,895	890,630	936,270
65 years and over	1,335,220	620,210	715,010	422,320	196,615	225,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,160,190	542,405	617,785	447,165	210,170	236,995
0 to 17 years	222,955	114,410	108,540	96,245	49,470	46,775
0 to 5 years	75,270	38,595	36,670	28,685	14,645	14,035
18 to 64 years	688,130	334,825	353,305	282,590	131,785	150,805
65 years and over	249,110	93,170	155,930	68,325	28,910	39,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.8	15.4	16.2	15.5	16.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	14.3	14.2	18.7	18.6	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	17.5	17.4	17.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	15.5	14.8	16.1
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.0	21.8	16.2	14.7	17.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	731,340	358,085	373,260	362,850	173,035	189,820
0 to 17 years	129,325	66,400	62,925	73,360	37,575	35,785
0 to 5 years	44,375	22,705	21,675	21,070	10,705	10,365
18 to 64 years	514,540	261,485	253,060	250,495	119,190	131,305
65 years and over	87,475	30,205	57,270	39,000	16,265	22,730
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	13.1	12.8	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	14.2	14.1	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	12.9	12.7	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.5	10.0	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	6.6	4.9	8.0	9.2	8.3	10.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Official languages	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890	2,640,970	1,303,270	1,337,695
English	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225	2,639,805	1,302,720	1,337,090
French	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200	192,705	85,720	106,980
Non-official languages	1,610,980	776,265	834,720	1,306,390	615,640	690,750
Aboriginal languages	50,890	25,190	25,700	2,870	1,285	1,590
Algonquian languages	37,515	18,545	18,965	550	220	330
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	34,415	17,050	17,370	355	165	190
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	9,850	4,735	5,115	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	10	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	775	385	385	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	260	130	130	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	35	25	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	20	0	15
Woods Cree	10	10	0	20	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	17,175	8,600	8,575	210	100	105
Eastern Algonquian languages	885	460	420	20	10	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	10	0
Mi'kmaq	880	460	425	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,340	1,105	1,235	160	40	120
Algonquin	2,240	1,055	1,185	15	0	10
Ojibway	105	50	50	130	35	95
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	105	35	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	100	30	70
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	55	15	45
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haida	0	0	0	70	40	30
Inuit languages	12,595	6,270	6,330	60	35	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	12,485	6,210	6,270	45	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	115	60	60	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	740	360	375	25	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	690	350	335	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	15	35	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Michif	30	15	10	40	20	25
Salish languages	0	0	0	1,630	740	885
Comox	0	0	0	15	0	20
Halkomelem	0	0	0	270	95	175
Lillooet	0	0	0	735	375	360
Okanagan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Squamish	0	0	0	275	120	150
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	110	115
Siouan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dakota	10	0	0	20	10	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	190	80	110
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	60	15	40
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tsimshian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	110	45	60
Haisla	0	0	0	30	10	25
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	55	40	20
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	40	55	90	50	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,560,375	751,215	809,160	1,303,630	614,405	689,225
Afro-Asiatic languages	301,035	157,545	143,490	30,405	15,945	14,460
Berber languages	27,595	14,650	12,945	135	90	45
Kabyle	16,170	8,580	7,590	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	11,580	6,150	5,425	65	50	15
Cushitic languages	1,550	745	805	1,880	875	1,010
Bilen	35	20	10	15	0	10
Oromo	45	30	10	190	110	80
Somali	1,460	680	780	1,680	760	920
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	286,625	149,970	136,660	28,645	15,140	13,500
Amharic	1,145	540	600	1,775	915	860
Arabic	267,965	140,280	127,685	20,905	11,210	9,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	195	95	95	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	565	280	280
Harari	0	0	0	55	40	20
Hebrew	18,035	9,490	8,540	4,755	2,465	2,285
Maltese	40	10	25	205	105	100
Tigrigna	420	195	225	945	515	430
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	300	160	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	810	430	380	105	50	60
Austro-Asiatic languages	46,050	21,955	24,095	31,905	15,255	16,650
Khmer (Cambodian)	11,840	5,620	6,220	1,530	675	860
Vietnamese	34,580	16,520	18,060	30,450	14,600	15,855
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	31,230	11,820	19,410	110,050	45,925	64,120
Bikol	105	45	60	500	210	290
Cebuano	1,105	360	750	4,390	1,675	2,715
Fijian	15	0	10	1,015	595	415
Hiligaynon	540	195	350	1,420	620	805
Ilocano	2,500	890	1,610	5,790	2,255	3,535
Malagasy	1,980	940	1,040	10	10	10
Malay	1,210	525	690	6,565	3,110	3,460
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	95	100	810	355	455
Pangasinan	60	20	40	440	175	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	26,705	9,785	16,915	99,505	40,840	58,665
Waray-Waray	55	10	45	275	120	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	540	270	275	1,250	620	625
Creole languages	115,445	51,970	63,475	1,975	1,075	905
Haitian Creole	4,910	2,285	2,620	85	30	55
Creole, n.o.s.	108,315	48,615	59,705	1,130	615	515
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,835	1,390	1,445	775	440	340
Dravidian languages	18,710	9,495	9,210	9,165	4,855	4,310
Kannada	415	210	205	450	210	235
Malayalam	510	285	220	2,690	1,445	1,250
Tamil	17,245	8,680	8,565	4,990	2,605	2,385
Telugu	930	540	390	1,505	875	630
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	70	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	25	150	80	75
Indo-European languages	912,945	435,785	477,155	606,020	295,920	310,100
Albanian	3,375	1,730	1,645	1,345	685	665
Armenian	20,290	9,790	10,500	1,525	765	760
Balto-Slavic languages	88,425	41,725	46,700	70,430	33,565	36,865
Baltic languages	1,080	500	585	700	340	365
Latvian	335	150	185	355	190	165
Lithuanian	755	350	410	345	150	200
Slavic languages	87,520	41,315	46,205	69,925	33,325	36,605
Belarusan	365	150	215	210	100	115
Bosnian	1,975	990	985	1,905	960	950
Bulgarian	7,345	3,595	3,750	2,060	905	1,155
Croatian	3,580	1,760	1,820	8,215	4,035	4,185
Czech	2,070	975	1,095	5,110	2,410	2,700
Macedonian	285	140	145	350	185	165
Polish	17,760	8,090	9,665	14,920	7,050	7,875
Russian	46,665	22,265	24,400	25,195	11,850	13,340
Serbian	4,050	1,980	2,070	8,195	4,205	3,990
Serbo-Croatian	2,385	1,140	1,245	1,270	615	660
Slovak	1,520	705	820	3,395	1,615	1,775
Slovene (Slovenian)	970	490	480	810	365	445
Ukrainian	9,015	3,885	5,135	6,715	2,940	3,775
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	75	265	130	130
Celtic languages	495	305	195	1,275	690	580
Scottish Gaelic	155	95	65	375	240	130
Welsh	85	45	40	165	65	100
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	265	175	95	735	395	340
Germanic languages	63,370	31,835	31,530	74,345	35,630	38,715
Afrikaans	415	260	150	4,835	2,450	2,380
Danish	835	410	420	2,965	1,380	1,590
Dutch	5,060	2,665	2,395	13,630	6,490	7,145
Frisian	15	10	0	235	120	120
German	43,475	21,950	21,530	49,850	24,225	25,630
Icelandic	140	80	60	240	120	115
Norwegian	510	255	255	1,655	840	815
Swedish	1,580	785	795	3,150	1,365	1,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	760	265	495	265	135	135
Yiddish	12,375	6,225	6,155	400	190	215
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	270	125	140	90	55	30
Greek	51,060	25,520	25,540	7,620	3,910	3,710
Indo-Iranian languages	93,655	48,040	45,615	336,265	167,320	168,945
Indo-Aryan languages	59,570	30,870	28,700	287,450	142,700	144,750
Bengali	12,870	6,610	6,260	3,180	1,625	1,550
Gujarati	7,950	3,860	4,090	10,885	5,150	5,735
Hindi	15,570	8,285	7,280	75,365	36,670	38,690
Kashmiri	45	35	15	50	25	25
Konkani	150	70	75	375	185	185
Marathi	475	240	230	1,315	680	645
Nepali	1,445	725	720	1,205	600	600
Oriya (Odia)	55	35	20	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,860	9,690	8,165	224,725	112,300	112,425
Sindhi	500	240	255	3,160	1,355	1,805
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,335	625	710	2,275	1,175	1,100
Urdu	16,545	8,655	7,890	15,175	7,935	7,240
Iranian languages	35,420	17,830	17,585	49,840	25,165	24,670
Kurdish	1,255	665	590	2,145	1,140	1,000
Pashto	1,825	1,005	825	1,555	865	690
Persian (Farsi)	32,965	16,560	16,405	47,490	23,955	23,540
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	845	425	420	800	400	405
Italic (Romance) languages	627,545	293,620	333,920	128,015	60,770	67,250
Catalan	890	525	365	260	130	130
Italian	173,710	84,430	89,275	26,860	13,060	13,795
Portuguese	55,100	27,620	27,475	16,500	7,865	8,635
Romanian	42,655	20,550	22,110	8,915	4,380	4,540
Spanish	390,355	177,610	212,745	82,035	38,455	43,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	490	345	145	250	160	90
Japanese	7,040	3,340	3,695	30,230	13,165	17,075
Kartvelian languages	220	110	110	100	50	50
Georgian	215	105	110	100	55	45
Korean	6,260	2,825	3,430	52,875	24,230	28,645
Mongolic languages	270	135	130	335	160	175
Mongolian	265	135	130	335	160	175
Niger-Congo languages	52,840	26,665	26,175	6,235	3,245	2,995
Akan (Twi)	1,800	945	855	510	290	220
Bamanankan	2,385	1,240	1,145	30	15	10
Edo	190	95	95	130	75	60
Ewe	1,410	865	545	115	75	40
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	3,400	1,785	1,620	50	15	40
Ga	315	155	160	95	60	35
Ganda	90	40	55	115	60	55
Igbo	275	190	90	240	145	95
Lingala	9,630	4,430	5,200	240	110	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	4,490	2,210	2,285	105	35	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	3,535	1,640	1,895	210	95	115
Shona	150	75	80	285	130	150
Swahili	8,015	4,080	3,935	2,795	1,510	1,285
Wolof	6,555	3,545	3,015	30	15	15
Yoruba	885	485	395	620	315	310
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	17,720	9,125	8,595	1,455	680	775
Nilo-Saharan languages	695	345	350	345	170	175
Dinka	0	0	0	70	40	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	695	345	350	280	125	150
Sign languages	7,775	3,095	4,675	4,190	1,670	2,520
American Sign Language	675	245	435	2,340	830	1,515
Quebec Sign Language	4,405	1,590	2,815	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,960	1,350	1,605	1,915	860	1,050
Sino-Tibetan languages	90,460	42,695	47,770	435,155	200,830	234,325
Chinese languages	90,060	42,480	47,580	432,595	199,535	233,065
Cantonese	31,885	14,900	16,980	224,860	104,045	120,820
Hakka	545	240	310	2,575	1,230	1,345
Mandarin	59,240	27,560	31,685	252,570	114,045	138,535
Min Dong	15	10	10	125	60	70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,215	1,860	2,350	15,800	7,005	8,795
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,230	535	690	5,405	2,355	3,045
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,800	2,380	2,425	8,995	4,120	4,875
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	430	235	195	2,845	1,425	1,415
Burmese	140	75	60	1,395	685	710
Karenic languages	105	55	45	955	490	470
Tibetan	65	50	10	340	180	155
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	295	140	155
Tai-Kadai languages	7,280	3,400	3,880	4,370	1,795	2,580
Lao	5,785	2,850	2,935	1,510	705	805
Thai	2,255	875	1,375	3,085	1,170	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	10	0
Turkic languages	12,475	6,265	6,210	6,105	3,320	2,785
Azerbaijani	510	275	235	835	450	385
Turkish	11,415	5,755	5,665	5,005	2,710	2,295
Uyghur	230	110	120	110	50	55
Uzbek	230	105	125	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	235	115	120	250	135	110
Uralic languages	7,870	3,710	4,160	10,045	4,660	5,385
Estonian	150	55	95	545	225	320
Finnish	500	195	305	2,415	975	1,435
Hungarian	7,215	3,450	3,765	7,105	3,455	3,650
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,140	1,170	970	750	410	345
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,955	1,363,490	1,422,455
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350	2,438,345	1,198,880	1,239,475
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,521,230	779,620	741,610	478,730	247,515	231,220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740	1,959,615	951,360	1,008,250
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	379,910	188,245	191,665	347,600	164,620	182,980
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735	1,642,775	827,820	814,950
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,091,310	530,325	560,980	1,060,950	495,680	565,270
Before 1981	238,655	117,080	121,575	234,190	112,395	121,790
1981 to 1990	127,340	63,150	64,190	128,370	59,885	68,480
1991 to 2000	187,860	89,210	98,650	261,075	120,580	140,495
2001 to 2010	322,280	155,785	166,495	285,550	131,230	154,325
2001 to 2005	140,170	67,835	72,335	132,730	60,770	71,960
2006 to 2010	182,115	87,945	94,165	152,820	70,455	82,365
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	215,170	105,105	110,065	151,770	71,595	80,175
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	86,065	45,765	40,295	82,225	39,990	42,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,091,305	530,325	560,980	1,060,955	495,685	565,270
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330	84,650	42,820	41,830
5 to 14 years	174,020	87,165	86,855	169,630	87,445	82,185
15 to 24 years	215,350	98,880	116,475	223,525	101,380	122,140
25 to 44 years	515,770	256,095	259,675	449,595	202,210	247,390
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640	133,555	61,825	71,725
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,091,305	530,330	560,980	1,060,955	495,680	565,270
Americas	247,505	113,190	134,315	73,630	34,405	39,230
Brazil	7,345	3,515	3,830	3,155	1,295	1,860
Colombia	25,580	11,645	13,935	3,280	1,500	1,785
El Salvador	11,120	5,500	5,615	4,880	2,460	2,415
Guyana	2,490	1,085	1,410	1,005	470	535
Haiti	80,965	35,375	45,585	355	165	190
Jamaica	4,665	2,040	2,625	2,430	1,265	1,160
Mexico	15,820	7,090	8,730	8,415	3,660	4,755
Peru	13,265	5,945	7,325	2,790	1,185	1,605
Trinidad and Tobago	4,075	1,840	2,240	2,075	985	1,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	25,955	12,800	13,155	30,710	14,535	16,170
Other places of birth in Americas	56,235	26,370	29,870	14,530	6,880	7,655
Europe	311,090	154,910	156,185	195,870	96,100	99,775
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,785	1,890	1,895	4,045	1,965	2,085
Croatia	2,140	1,085	1,050	4,215	2,140	2,070
France	81,225	43,490	37,735	3,780	1,975	1,800
Germany	9,750	4,365	5,390	16,720	8,055	8,665
Greece	18,420	9,135	9,285	3,030	1,600	1,420
Hungary	3,325	1,620	1,700	4,055	2,065	1,995
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	820	485	330	4,180	2,235	1,950
Italy	51,025	25,370	25,655	10,820	5,575	5,245
Netherlands	1,990	1,035	955	9,435	4,725	4,710
Poland	10,735	4,675	6,060	11,475	5,350	6,125
Portugal	18,985	9,185	9,800	4,850	2,415	2,435
Romania	28,695	13,695	15,005	7,685	3,715	3,970
Russian Federation	11,355	4,975	6,375	9,090	3,930	5,160
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,790	830	960	3,880	1,945	1,935
Ukraine	8,670	3,800	4,870	6,125	2,900	3,225
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	12,905	6,645	6,260	67,055	33,460	33,600
Other places of birth in Europe	45,500	22,630	22,870	25,425	12,045	13,385
Africa	241,410	125,250	116,165	34,215	17,305	16,910
Algeria	59,465	31,180	28,280	440	280	160
Egypt	19,490	10,290	9,200	2,260	1,225	1,040
Ethiopia	995	495	495	1,695	855	845
Kenya	785	355	430	4,245	1,975	2,275
Morocco	60,700	31,435	29,270	775	415	360
Nigeria	1,340	740	600	1,360	715	645
Somalia	580	270	310	1,020	485	535
South Africa, Republic of	865	475	385	9,070	4,675	4,400
Other places of birth in Africa	97,200	50,005	47,190	13,340	6,690	6,655
Asia	289,825	136,175	153,655	731,625	335,645	395,985
Afghanistan	7,280	3,640	3,640	4,910	2,475	2,435
Bangladesh	7,940	3,990	3,950	1,870	950	925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,555	19,905	29,655	190,400	85,025	105,380
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,730	2,290	2,435	72,080	33,105	38,975
India	17,865	9,195	8,670	149,035	72,570	76,465
IranCensus data footnote 61	17,760	8,880	8,885	35,450	18,010	17,440
Iraq	3,735	1,960	1,775	5,360	2,740	2,620
Japan	1,725	395	1,330	11,305	3,365	7,940
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,230	1,995	2,230	38,265	17,415	20,845
Lebanon	39,135	20,800	18,340	1,920	1,080	835
Pakistan	10,010	5,260	4,750	9,590	4,925	4,665
Philippines	24,410	9,040	15,370	99,720	41,755	57,965
Sri Lanka	10,715	5,335	5,380	4,310	2,240	2,070
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	17,775	8,800	8,980	2,455	1,240	1,215
Taiwan	2,735	1,100	1,635	37,695	16,975	20,725
Viet Nam	25,440	11,765	13,675	25,045	11,730	13,315
Other places of birth in Asia	44,795	21,840	22,950	42,210	20,045	22,165
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,480	805	670	25,610	12,230	13,380
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	215,170	105,105	110,065	151,770	71,595	80,175
Americas	47,710	22,625	25,085	10,965	5,510	5,455
Brazil	3,010	1,495	1,520	1,005	460	550
Colombia	7,540	3,465	4,075	480	225	250
Cuba	2,565	1,260	1,315	75	40	40
Haiti	16,880	7,690	9,190	25	15	10
Jamaica	190	140	55	215	145	75
Mexico	4,210	1,955	2,255	2,410	1,215	1,195
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,990	2,265	1,720	4,555	2,375	2,180
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,955	935	1,020	230	105	125
Other places of birth in Americas	7,365	3,425	3,935	1,970	930	1,045
Europe	39,320	20,085	19,235	15,015	7,805	7,205
France	20,030	10,855	9,175	830	440	385
Germany	580	250	330	835	480	350
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	135	105	35	1,240	780	460
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,750	1,695	2,055	210	115	100
Romania	2,945	1,260	1,685	595	255	335
Russian Federation	1,970	865	1,105	1,455	510	945
Ukraine	2,460	1,110	1,350	1,005	415	590
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	860	565	290	4,570	2,710	1,860
Other places of birth in Europe	6,590	3,385	3,205	4,285	2,115	2,170
Africa	74,200	37,110	37,090	4,725	2,440	2,285
Algeria	16,380	8,060	8,320	55	35	20
Cameroon	7,550	3,705	3,845	55	20	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,370	1,655	1,715	110	70	50
Côte d'Ivoire	5,070	2,505	2,565	15	10	10
Egypt	4,360	2,260	2,095	550	290	250
Eritrea	50	30	20	295	165	135
Ethiopia	125	65	60	250	140	110
Morocco	13,475	6,675	6,805	145	80	60
Nigeria	540	280	260	465	230	235
Somalia	95	40	50	350	145	205
South Africa, Republic of	175	115	60	930	500	430
Tunisia	5,855	3,025	2,825	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Africa	17,155	8,690	8,470	1,425	725	700
Asia	53,595	25,070	28,525	118,640	54,515	64,125
Afghanistan	1,555	715	840	855	455	405
Bangladesh	860	455	405	390	185	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,705	4,805	5,895	36,160	16,125	20,035
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	120	35	80	1,695	715	985
India	2,960	1,555	1,405	25,310	12,630	12,685
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,505	3,545	3,960	8,330	4,165	4,165
Iraq	985	465	515	1,865	915	950
Israel	645	390	255	300	170	125
Japan	330	30	295	1,940	500	1,440
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	825	370	455	7,010	3,025	3,990
Lebanon	3,955	2,100	1,860	220	120	100
Nepal	360	165	195	225	90	130
Pakistan	1,815	920	895	1,735	875	860
Philippines	5,635	2,345	3,290	21,280	9,535	11,745
Saudi Arabia	435	210	225	340	150	190
Sri Lanka	860	380	480	510	250	255
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	7,455	3,740	3,715	1,900	960	940
Taiwan	170	60	105	2,350	920	1,430
Turkey	585	300	285	365	205	160
United Arab Emirates	300	160	145	350	180	175
Viet Nam	1,505	560	945	1,580	620	955
Other places of birth in Asia	4,025	1,765	2,265	3,935	1,740	2,195
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	345	215	135	2,425	1,325	1,100
Australia	190	120	70	1,390	760	635
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	155	95	65	1,030	560	470
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,204,895	590,175	614,720	1,164,225	546,545	617,680
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	792,085	399,535	392,550	692,475	350,455	342,020
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745	929,250	466,495	462,760
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	867,685	420,465	447,220	842,360	390,980	451,380
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	469,015	243,915	225,100	478,795	230,180	248,615
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	224,720	137,975	86,745	184,285	108,865	75,425
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	244,300	105,945	138,360	294,505	121,320	173,190
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	241,225	96,130	145,095	277,865	115,910	161,960
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	146,295	75,100	71,195	74,335	39,850	34,490
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,150	5,320	5,825	11,360	5,040	6,325
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	182,885	91,890	90,995	90,735	43,175	47,560
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	175,960	88,635	87,325	88,090	41,930	46,160
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	92,655	45,510	47,145	55,070	26,340	28,730
Métis	69,365	36,260	33,100	32,515	15,375	17,145
Inuk (Inuit)	13,940	6,865	7,075	500	210	290
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	2,760	1,330	1,430	1,490	725	760
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	4,170	1,930	2,245	1,160	515	645
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015	2,695,215	1,320,320	1,374,895
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	77,490	38,580	38,915	38,880	18,350	20,525
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100	2,747,075	1,345,150	1,401,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	118,780	58,535	60,245	23,850	11,680	12,175
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	115,480	56,930	58,550	23,400	11,460	11,940
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	87,700	42,730	44,965	19,945	9,730	10,210
Métis single ancestry	17,585	9,225	8,360	3,300	1,655	1,645
Inuit single ancestry	10,200	4,980	5,220	160	75	80
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	3,300	1,605	1,700	455	220	235
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	2,220	1,115	1,105	385	195	195
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	995	455	540	40	25	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	240,650	113,905	126,740	82,685	39,360	43,325
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	235,365	111,205	124,165	79,535	37,970	41,570
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	193,625	90,650	102,975	52,240	24,945	27,295
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	37,080	18,320	18,760	26,790	12,790	14,000
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,660	2,230	2,425	505	235	270
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	5,280	2,700	2,575	3,150	1,395	1,755
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,040	2,105	1,940	3,055	1,370	1,685
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	475	515	30	0	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030	2,679,410	1,312,455	1,366,955
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,032,365	505,180	527,185	1,250,700	596,985	653,710
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	90,335	46,750	43,585	332,655	166,605	166,055
Chinese	99,505	44,370	55,135	479,145	224,140	255,005
Black	319,230	154,110	165,120	32,680	16,875	15,800
Filipino	34,910	14,275	20,635	127,275	55,855	71,420
Latin American	133,920	64,655	69,260	37,210	17,555	19,650
Arab	213,740	113,420	100,320	16,995	9,125	7,865
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	62,820	29,960	32,865	47,510	22,710	24,795
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	32,405	16,200	16,210	46,420	23,715	22,705
Korean	8,055	3,865	4,190	55,375	25,580	29,790
Japanese	4,570	1,755	2,820	31,925	13,410	18,510
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	9,840	4,670	5,175	6,960	3,400	3,560
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	23,045	11,160	11,885	36,555	18,015	18,540
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830	1,535,255	766,510	768,745
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460
North American Aboriginal origins	359,430	172,440	186,985	106,540	51,040	55,500
First Nations (North American Indian)	289,610	137,550	152,065	75,720	36,270	39,455
Inuit	17,175	8,300	8,880	820	355	465
Métis	61,260	30,915	30,345	33,620	16,025	17,590
Other North American origins	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605	439,735	219,965	219,765
Acadian	34,785	16,440	18,345	1,905	955	950
American	45,050	21,470	23,580	38,715	18,735	19,980
Canadian	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555	412,140	206,505	205,640
New Brunswicker	750	370	380	15	0	0
Newfoundlander	570	280	295	805	465	345
Nova Scotian	365	155	215	85	45	40
Ontarian	1,345	660	685	45	35	15
Québécois	184,005	93,895	90,110	890	500	390
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	205	110	100	235	115	120
European origins	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825	1,452,805	720,230	732,570
British Isles origins	745,715	360,135	385,575	930,010	461,175	468,835
Channel Islander	1,440	725	720	200	105	95
Cornish	70	35	40	265	140	125
English	228,520	111,855	116,670	573,370	282,035	291,340
Irish	446,215	211,545	234,665	332,255	158,830	173,420
Manx	200	105	95	865	415	455
Scottish	215,030	103,395	111,635	414,800	203,290	211,510
Welsh	10,765	5,075	5,690	54,145	25,960	28,185
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	32,525	15,440	17,080	66,330	32,735	33,600
French origins	1,878,795	941,770	937,025	182,475	87,615	94,860
Alsatian	1,050	520	525	125	50	70
Breton	11,140	5,410	5,725	50	15	35
Corsican	1,270	690	580	80	35	45
French	1,870,545	937,665	932,875	182,340	87,550	94,785
Western European origins (except French origins)	244,380	119,115	125,260	410,995	202,180	208,820
Austrian	12,710	6,285	6,430	25,455	11,990	13,465
Bavarian	40	30	20	80	45	35
Belgian	51,340	25,295	26,050	9,620	4,740	4,875
Dutch	26,000	12,805	13,190	112,435	55,435	56,995
Flemish	1,345	660	685	1,180	595	580
Frisian	15	20	0	430	190	245
German	142,225	68,250	73,975	289,180	142,260	146,920
Luxembourger	910	445	460	360	185	175
Swiss	24,500	12,615	11,885	13,990	6,965	7,020
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	80	50	510	230	285
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,460	12,490	12,975	160,860	77,325	83,535
Danish	5,700	2,815	2,885	28,535	13,830	14,705
Finnish	3,130	1,430	1,700	17,225	8,250	8,970
Icelandic	955	480	470	13,230	6,520	6,715
Norwegian	7,820	3,835	3,985	61,165	29,595	31,570
Swedish	6,840	3,275	3,565	50,575	23,285	27,295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	2,500	1,265	1,230	6,470	3,325	3,145
Eastern European origins	249,940	121,660	128,285	307,075	148,850	158,230
Bulgarian	9,570	4,675	4,895	3,155	1,455	1,700
Byelorussian	2,530	1,235	1,295	1,950	990	960
Czech	6,295	2,965	3,330	13,395	6,490	6,905
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,150	1,100	1,050	3,300	1,600	1,695
Estonian	890	460	435	3,005	1,405	1,600
Hungarian	28,280	13,970	14,310	30,970	15,200	15,770
Latvian	1,740	835	905	2,815	1,430	1,385
Lithuanian	6,630	3,320	3,305	4,635	2,200	2,440
Moldovan	7,620	3,710	3,900	755	355	395
Polish	79,040	38,705	40,335	82,770	39,600	43,175
Romanian	53,060	25,935	27,125	19,850	9,650	10,205
Russian	55,230	26,405	28,830	73,035	34,960	38,075
Slovak	4,770	2,375	2,395	7,225	3,390	3,840
Ukrainian	42,550	20,575	21,975	114,455	55,670	58,785
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,900	1,505	1,400	2,430	1,125	1,310
Southern European origins	549,750	273,670	276,080	216,160	107,315	108,845
Albanian	3,760	1,950	1,805	1,545	755	785
Bosnian	2,970	1,485	1,490	2,845	1,405	1,440
Catalan	735	395	340	75	55	20
Croatian	6,745	3,375	3,370	16,635	8,565	8,070
Cypriot	480	240	245	370	215	155
Greek	71,330	36,235	35,090	17,690	9,105	8,590
Italian	326,700	162,650	164,045	98,515	49,760	48,760
Kosovar	505	295	210	215	110	105
Macedonian	775	400	370	920	485	435
Maltese	1,220	615	610	1,400	760	645
Montenegrin	450	250	200	600	290	315
Portuguese	69,805	34,825	34,980	26,515	13,145	13,375
Serbian	5,950	2,915	3,040	10,505	5,465	5,040
Sicilian	1,435	710	725	260	165	100
Slovenian	2,510	1,225	1,280	3,360	1,645	1,715
Spanish	85,360	41,745	43,615	48,080	22,230	25,855
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,270	1,595	1,670	3,680	1,710	1,975
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	300	155	145	270	120	150
Other European origins	38,670	19,875	18,800	21,440	11,170	10,265
Basque	3,620	1,930	1,690	555	325	230
Jewish	25,235	12,955	12,280	12,200	6,300	5,900
Roma (Gypsy)	475	270	205	375	155	225
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	360	180	185	550	280	270
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	9,215	4,690	4,530	7,890	4,170	3,725
Caribbean origins	201,625	93,935	107,690	18,050	9,030	9,015
Antiguan	380	170	205	155	80	75
Bahamian	430	205	225	190	105	85
Barbadian	5,570	2,585	2,985	1,410	740	670
Bermudan	115	50	65	170	85	85
Carib	405	150	255	60	35	25
Cuban	9,830	4,800	5,035	965	475	495
Dominican	11,560	5,320	6,235	550	255	295
Grenadian	1,965	790	1,175	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	1,010	475	535	10	0	10
Haitian	143,165	66,245	76,925	810	375	440
Jamaican	14,100	6,785	7,315	7,255	3,770	3,485
Kittitian/Nevisian	360	200	160	100	50	45
Martinican	1,775	820	950	20	0	20
Montserratan	240	140	105	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	530	270	255	320	135	180
St. Lucian	860	450	405	125	60	70
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,585	2,925	3,660	3,365	1,685	1,685
Vincentian/Grenadinian	4,020	1,695	2,325	330	150	185
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,635	2,610	3,025	1,560	720	845
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	4,195	1,995	2,205	1,525	750	775
Latin, Central and South American origins	167,275	81,215	86,065	54,280	26,245	28,035
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,100	2,885	3,210	1,990	1,030	960
Arawak	180	60	120	70	30	40
Argentinian	4,950	2,490	2,460	1,510	685	830
Belizean	80	40	40	40	15	20
Bolivian	1,730	815	915	220	85	135
Brazilian	8,345	4,075	4,275	4,475	2,025	2,445
Chilean	14,060	7,055	7,005	4,155	2,000	2,160
Colombian	33,965	15,915	18,050	4,860	2,380	2,475
Costa Rican	1,180	570	610	540	255	285
Ecuadorian	2,720	1,255	1,470	835	410	425
Guatemalan	10,175	5,380	4,795	2,210	1,140	1,070
Guyanese	3,670	1,810	1,860	1,360	715	645
Hispanic	1,155	570	585	1,345	645	695
Honduran	4,335	2,135	2,200	1,210	630	575
Maya	1,670	935	735	655	350	310
Mexican	26,930	13,185	13,745	16,750	7,980	8,765
Nicaraguan	2,805	1,360	1,445	1,155	535	620
Panamanian	1,460	755	710	210	105	105
Paraguayan	365	155	205	695	390	305
Peruvian	19,735	9,240	10,495	3,245	1,505	1,745
Salvadorean	19,200	9,535	9,665	6,030	3,015	3,020
Uruguayan	1,755	815	940	315	170	140
Venezuelan	7,475	3,430	4,045	1,620	780	835
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,845	2,965	2,880	2,730	1,340	1,390
African origins	382,665	196,910	185,755	44,450	22,695	21,750
Central and West African origins	86,695	44,720	41,975	5,305	2,850	2,455
Akan	630	325	310	30	20	10
Angolan	875	425	450	80	45	25
Ashanti	120	90	35	65	25	40
Beninese	4,125	2,220	1,915	30	15	15
Burkinabe	2,465	1,325	1,145	25	15	10
Cameroonian	17,095	8,635	8,465	105	60	40
Chadian	1,045	525	520	0	0	0
Congolese	20,210	9,960	10,250	685	360	320
Edo	110	60	45	80	55	25
Ewe	460	265	200	55	25	30
Gabonese	1,165	545	620	10	0	10
Gambian	150	95	55	25	10	10
Ghanaian	3,235	1,660	1,575	1,295	715	580
Guinean	5,255	2,765	2,485	125	40	80
Ibo	185	95	95	205	125	85
Ivorian	8,545	4,350	4,200	50	30	15
Liberian	150	60	90	215	90	125
Malian	3,535	1,755	1,775	40	25	10
Malinké	635	340	295	0	0	0
Nigerian	2,820	1,510	1,310	1,825	995	835
Peulh	2,110	1,080	1,030	25	0	15
Senegalese	8,250	4,420	3,835	45	35	20
Sierra Leonean	110	55	55	100	55	50
Togolese	4,080	2,210	1,870	85	45	35
Wolof	660	390	270	0	0	0
Yoruba	460	225	235	175	85	90
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	6,955	3,690	3,275	430	205	225
North African origins	225,125	117,725	107,410	7,985	4,195	3,785
Algerian	60,375	31,185	29,190	640	380	260
Berber	33,825	17,840	15,985	185	115	70
Coptic	685	385	305	125	70	55
Dinka	15	10	10	45	25	20
Egyptian	29,400	15,295	14,100	3,670	1,910	1,760
Libyan	1,075	590	485	210	150	60
Maure	530	290	240	125	55	70
Moroccan	85,940	44,520	41,420	1,610	860	750
Sudanese	370	220	150	1,115	480	640
Tunisian	21,475	11,775	9,695	385	215	170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	3,340	1,845	1,490	175	110	70
Southern and East African origins	28,925	14,225	14,705	18,610	9,405	9,205
Afrikaner	115	75	40	405	195	210
Amhara	65	30	35	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,905	1,040	870	240	130	115
Burundian	6,015	2,945	3,070	195	90	110
Djiboutian	450	205	245	0	0	0
Eritrean	580	290	290	965	520	445
Ethiopian	1,575	785	785	2,045	1,070	975
Harari	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenyan	530	270	260	1,295	630	670
Malagasy	3,735	1,815	1,920	85	50	35
Mauritian	3,695	1,735	1,960	820	445	370
Oromo	20	15	10	120	70	50
Rwandan	5,130	2,445	2,685	315	175	140
Seychellois	775	345	425	20	15	10
Somali	1,785	865	915	2,120	1,020	1,105
South African	900	490	420	7,300	3,715	3,575
Tanzanian	325	190	140	440	180	260
Tigrian	95	35	55	185	100	90
Ugandan	290	135	160	600	295	310
Zambian	45	20	25	135	75	60
Zimbabwean	300	150	145	645	325	315
Zulu	70	35	35	65	25	40
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,790	915	875	1,515	760	755
Other African origins	46,805	22,845	23,965	13,295	6,660	6,630
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,800	1,845	1,950	1,710	850	860
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	43,785	21,415	22,370	11,705	5,870	5,840
Asian origins	563,150	275,170	287,980	1,189,105	566,675	622,425
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240,795	123,985	116,810	88,160	45,495	42,665
Afghan	10,945	5,550	5,395	7,590	3,840	3,750
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,875	23,680	21,195	4,765	2,575	2,195
Armenian	27,380	13,515	13,865	3,005	1,545	1,460
Assyrian	370	205	165	485	265	215
Azerbaijani	555	295	255	885	515	375
Georgian	635	295	345	575	300	275
Hazara	385	190	200	50	30	25
Iranian	25,530	12,845	12,685	44,765	22,725	22,040
Iraqi	5,520	2,780	2,740	5,335	2,715	2,620
Israeli	6,060	3,235	2,830	2,210	1,175	1,035
Jordanian	1,610	840	770	640	330	305
Kazakh	620	295	325	285	170	110
Kurd	2,135	1,180	960	2,015	1,100	915
Kuwaiti	95	50	50	105	70	35
Kyrgyz	260	140	120	170	90	80
Lebanese	78,140	40,695	37,450	5,675	2,990	2,680
Palestinian	6,865	3,520	3,345	2,325	1,250	1,070
Pashtun	515	280	235	355	195	160
Saudi Arabian	645	390	255	570	340	230
Syrian	27,465	13,845	13,620	2,970	1,430	1,545
Tajik	390	180	210	240	120	120
Tatar	910	430	485	675	335	345
Turk	15,060	7,520	7,545	5,385	2,970	2,415
Turkmen	65	45	25	75	45	25
Uighur	375	185	190	100	50	50
Uzbek	465	210	255	245	135	110
Yemeni	805	450	355	270	175	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,465	1,385	1,075	2,250	1,160	1,085
South Asian origins	95,670	48,925	46,745	329,365	164,860	164,515
Bangladeshi	7,075	3,625	3,450	1,520	745	775
Bengali	4,125	2,035	2,090	760	360	405
Bhutanese	420	205	215	95	55	45
East Indian	51,650	26,505	25,140	279,460	139,455	140,010
Goan	210	105	110	330	165	165
Gujarati	420	205	215	620	295	320
Kashmiri	260	155	105	160	85	80
Nepali	930	460	470	1,185	575	610
Pakistani	13,535	7,000	6,535	11,340	5,880	5,460
Punjabi	2,970	1,675	1,295	36,160	18,325	17,835
Sinhalese	310	135	175	560	300	260
Sri Lankan	14,750	7,300	7,450	5,275	2,785	2,495
Tamil	3,100	1,610	1,495	1,085	595	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,135	1,190	945	7,735	3,820	3,915
East and Southeast Asian origins	229,985	103,805	126,180	777,360	359,255	418,110
Burmese	530	270	255	2,055	1,050	1,010
Cambodian (Khmer)	15,345	7,360	7,985	2,645	1,270	1,380
Chinese	121,445	54,595	66,850	505,320	236,935	268,385
Filipino	37,910	15,590	22,320	138,480	61,160	77,320
Hmong	35	10	20	115	60	60
Indonesian	1,320	570	755	5,175	2,460	2,715
Japanese	6,495	2,615	3,875	39,800	17,265	22,535
Karen	95	55	40	890	450	445
Korean	8,740	4,155	4,580	57,945	26,850	31,095
Laotian	7,625	3,860	3,770	2,325	1,170	1,155
Malaysian	645	300	340	4,360	2,020	2,345
Mongolian	960	470	485	1,065	515	550
Singaporean	105	65	40	910	430	485
Taiwanese	2,205	940	1,265	20,485	9,395	11,085
Thai	2,695	1,065	1,635	3,670	1,430	2,240
Tibetan	80	45	30	490	260	230
Vietnamese	43,080	20,790	22,290	36,615	17,945	18,670
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	275	125	155	690	295	395
Other Asian origins	1,765	905	865	1,960	990	975
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,770	905	860	1,960	990	975
Oceania origins	3,250	1,730	1,515	29,900	15,010	14,885
Australian	2,055	1,125	935	10,110	5,350	4,765
New Zealander	490	245	245	3,900	2,015	1,885
Pacific Islands origins	785	410	380	16,405	7,935	8,470
Fijian	70	25	40	13,520	6,580	6,935
Hawaiian	60	40	20	1,065	445	630
Maori	90	55	35	675	385	295
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	290	145	145	395	170	225
Samoan	15	15	0	300	165	135
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	295	155	145	700	340	360
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Owner	2,163,735	...	...	713,665	...	...
Renter	1,362,010	...	...	385,315	...	...
Band housing	5,915	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Condominium	413,325	...	...	320,920	...	...
Not condominium	3,118,340	...	...	778,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
No bedrooms	23,725	...	...	17,830	...	...
1 bedroom	573,370	...	...	222,920	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100,310	...	...	297,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,157,300	...	...	256,885	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	676,955	...	...	304,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,258,215	...	...	448,155	...	...
5 rooms	620,935	...	...	150,085	...	...
6 rooms	432,090	...	...	119,960	...	...
7 rooms	403,255	...	...	100,175	...	...
8 or more rooms	817,165	...	...	281,330	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,492,135	...	...	1,063,790	...	...
More than 1 person per room	39,530	...	...	35,910	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Suitable	3,398,910	...	...	1,022,865	...	...
Not suitable	132,755	...	...	76,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	3,531,660	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
1960 or before	894,495	...	...	141,215	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,116,760	...	...	291,790	...	...
1981 to 1990	503,495	...	...	176,270	...	...
1991 to 2000	369,020	...	...	201,335	...	...
2001 to 2005	196,830	...	...	82,040	...	...
2006 to 2010	241,545	...	...	110,680	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	209,515	...	...	96,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,304,625	...	...	1,036,760	...	...
Major repairs needed	227,040	...	...	62,940	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,221,970	...	...	634,075	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,264,195	...	...	419,750	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,500	...	...	45,865	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	3,531,665	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
15 to 24 years	119,495	...	...	33,720	...	...
25 to 34 years	498,070	...	...	160,215	...	...
35 to 44 years	603,840	...	...	194,530	...	...
45 to 54 years	682,290	...	...	237,445	...	...
55 to 64 years	731,390	...	...	217,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	541,630	...	...	148,500	...	...
75 to 84 years	270,280	...	...	77,755	...	...
85 years and over	84,680	...	...	30,070	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	3,496,460	...	...	1,085,045	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,763,105	...	...	746,225	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	733,355	...	...	338,820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	647,975	...	...	270,200	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,141,690	...	...	703,945	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.9	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	12.9	...	...	24.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	983	...	...	1,352	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,085	...	...	1,581	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	250,302	...	...	700,255	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	290,484	...	...	939,163	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,358,265	...	...	383,190	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	9.3	...	...	12.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	33.7	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	720	...	...	1,111	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	775	...	...	1,222	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,323,070	674,955	648,115	343,535	168,935	174,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,426,980	674,820	752,155	686,895	336,215	350,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970	1,329,580	638,610	690,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120,730	681,515	439,215	163,580	117,280	46,300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	806,585	435,090	371,495	74,665	43,065	31,595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	314,145	246,425	67,720	88,920	74,215	14,705
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165,515	506,775	658,740	397,400	164,850	232,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	236,255	93,680	142,575	90,095	37,400	52,700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,361,730	628,290	733,440	678,500	319,070	359,425
Bachelor's degree	872,060	384,275	487,790	446,730	204,770	241,955
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	118,955	54,255	64,695	49,140	20,395	28,745
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	39,045	19,865	19,185	19,690	10,760	8,930
Master's degree	281,215	139,280	141,935	138,725	68,075	70,650
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	50,455	30,615	19,840	24,215	15,070	9,150
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No certificate, diploma or degree	580,635	323,880	256,750	136,335	72,020	64,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	808,955	396,620	412,330	399,705	199,385	200,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040	1,047,285	493,805	553,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	866,595	513,575	353,015	114,865	83,125	31,735
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	631,795	330,140	301,655	52,430	30,455	21,975
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	234,800	183,440	51,360	62,435	52,670	9,760
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	832,430	367,185	465,245	306,545	127,300	179,250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	167,025	67,530	99,495	67,405	27,635	39,770
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,116,300	499,010	617,290	558,470	255,745	302,725
Bachelor's degree	712,935	308,760	404,175	366,625	165,110	201,510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	94,240	40,085	54,160	39,245	15,785	23,455
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30,775	13,505	17,270	15,685	7,910	7,770
Master's degree	238,300	113,895	124,410	118,405	56,090	62,310
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	40,050	22,780	17,270	18,520	10,845	7,675
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270	1,030,430	505,145	525,285
Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	81,245	18,285	62,965
13. Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	81,250	18,285	62,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	156,720	71,485	85,240	72,100	33,070	39,035
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25,380	18,280	7,100	12,450	9,435	3,020
50. Visual and performing arts	131,340	53,200	78,140	59,650	23,635	36,015
Humanities	215,735	86,065	129,675	89,195	34,325	54,870
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	32,180	7,165	25,020	11,785	2,755	9,025
23. English language and literature/letters	12,900	4,060	8,835	24,505	7,600	16,910
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	103,120	42,685	60,435	27,660	10,705	16,955
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	880	395	485	360	135	220
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10,400	6,650	3,755	4,510	2,685	1,825
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,125	6,200	3,930	7,385	4,395	2,995
54. History	17,055	9,990	7,065	10,480	5,565	4,915
55. French language and literature/letters	29,070	8,920	20,155	2,500	475	2,025
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380,995	125,025	255,975	169,555	62,275	107,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	1,165	3,150	2,765	740	2,030
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	48,530	16,690	31,845	17,515	6,340	11,175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	77,470	6,070	71,400	22,285	1,960	20,325
22. Legal professions and studies	67,185	25,785	41,395	26,665	9,855	16,810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	9,905	2,035	7,870	2,930	850	2,075
42. Psychology	57,335	14,030	43,305	29,175	8,190	20,985
45. Social sciences	116,255	59,245	57,015	68,220	34,340	33,880
Business, management and public administration	879,190	321,450	557,740	285,235	120,410	164,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	815	300	520	480	140	340
44. Public administration and social service professions	47,715	10,490	37,225	12,395	2,925	9,470
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830,660	310,665	519,990	272,360	117,350	155,015
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140,990	76,780	64,215	59,630	31,260	28,375
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	49,705	20,900	28,805	24,250	10,835	13,415
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	23,210	13,865	9,350	14,285	7,045	7,245
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	21,890	10,810	11,080	655	170	485
40. Physical sciences	39,060	27,545	11,515	18,510	12,515	6,000
41. Science technologies/technicians	7,120	3,660	3,465	1,930	695	1,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,105	104,850	47,255	60,370	39,255	21,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125,480	92,730	32,750	47,755	33,645	14,110
25. Library science	11,110	2,145	8,965	3,585	505	3,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	13,415	8,365	5,045	8,420	4,725	3,690
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,100	1,605	495	605	380	230
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	828,400	758,350	70,055	242,705	215,370	27,340
04. Architecture and related services	29,015	17,055	11,960	11,965	7,655	4,315
14. Engineering	150,450	124,585	25,865	77,985	63,215	14,770
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150,640	135,445	15,195	38,270	33,820	4,445
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	60	20	40	40	25	15
46. Construction trades	185,385	179,995	5,390	47,985	46,495	1,490
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	184,280	178,510	5,770	44,505	43,115	1,390
48. Precision production	128,580	122,750	5,830	21,955	21,045	910
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85,485	56,900	28,585	21,215	12,305	8,905
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	51,770	30,870	20,900	13,030	7,030	6,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	33,715	26,025	7,690	8,185	5,280	2,900
Health and related fields	480,230	95,450	384,780	184,110	40,830	143,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,955	14,675	13,280	14,595	7,525	7,075
51. Health professions and related programs	441,105	74,630	366,470	163,815	30,150	133,660
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,160	6,140	5,020	5,695	3,155	2,540
Personal, protective and transportation services	290,005	151,070	138,935	63,980	31,145	32,840
12. Personal and culinary services	164,595	43,720	120,875	43,465	13,975	29,485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	290	270	20	120	115	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,345	1,245	100	380	370	15
43. Security and protective services	54,625	42,415	12,210	7,505	5,540	1,960
49. Transportation and materials moving	69,160	63,425	5,740	12,505	11,140	1,370
Other	1,055	375	680	240	75	160
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,055	375	675	240	75	160
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,389,585	720,500	669,085	536,045	271,405	264,635
Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	56,990	12,000	44,990
13. Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	56,985	11,995	44,990
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	122,045	55,575	66,475	58,315	26,545	31,775
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	19,510	13,740	5,770	9,795	7,445	2,350
50. Visual and performing arts	102,535	41,830	60,705	48,515	19,095	29,415
Humanities	138,330	54,580	83,750	69,615	25,905	43,715
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25,220	5,455	19,765	9,420	2,000	7,420
23. English language and literature/letters	9,585	2,990	6,595	18,870	5,745	13,130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,730	25,305	32,430	22,325	8,355	13,975
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	600	255	350	280	115	165
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,980	4,415	2,570	3,495	2,055	1,445
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,415	3,380	2,035	5,270	3,115	2,150
54. History	12,235	7,140	5,095	8,105	4,165	3,940
55. French language and literature/letters	20,555	5,640	14,915	1,845	355	1,485
Social and behavioural sciences and law	301,550	95,120	206,430	138,545	49,215	89,325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,550	925	2,620	2,410	630	1,780
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40,275	13,900	26,370	15,000	5,285	9,715
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	63,120	4,295	58,825	17,730	1,550	16,185
22. Legal professions and studies	53,620	18,830	34,790	21,915	7,315	14,600
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,840	1,420	5,420	2,370	690	1,680
42. Psychology	44,540	10,255	34,285	23,285	6,240	17,045
45. Social sciences	89,610	45,495	44,110	55,835	27,515	28,320
Business, management and public administration	706,400	248,920	457,480	232,260	96,650	135,610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	615	215	400	350	120	230
44. Public administration and social service professions	38,320	7,835	30,485	9,770	2,215	7,560
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	667,470	240,870	426,600	222,140	94,315	127,825
Physical and life sciences and technologies	92,480	49,390	43,090	45,260	22,930	22,325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40,895	16,635	24,260	19,250	8,440	10,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	12,450	7,435	5,015	10,485	4,975	5,505
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,175	2,385	1,785	520	125	395
40. Physical sciences	29,705	20,255	9,445	13,695	8,945	4,755
41. Science technologies/technicians	5,255	2,675	2,580	1,310	440	870
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	132,750	91,865	40,885	52,935	34,795	18,135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	112,715	83,240	29,470	43,400	30,660	12,745
25. Library science	8,720	1,665	7,055	2,630	385	2,245
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,725	5,815	3,915	6,380	3,440	2,945
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,585	1,150	440	510	315	200
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	639,185	577,845	61,335	184,345	160,545	23,795
04. Architecture and related services	24,260	13,870	10,385	9,635	5,795	3,840
14. Engineering	126,835	103,165	23,665	63,065	49,735	13,330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	116,595	103,710	12,885	28,185	24,570	3,615
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	50	15	30	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	134,865	130,350	4,510	35,680	34,460	1,220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	139,935	135,155	4,780	32,815	31,760	1,060
48. Precision production	96,655	91,580	5,075	14,935	14,210	725
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	69,865	45,215	24,655	16,810	9,385	7,425
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	41,755	23,965	17,795	10,225	5,315	4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation	28,110	21,250	6,860	6,580	4,060	2,515
Health and related fields	368,600	72,245	296,355	143,705	32,145	111,560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	22,660	11,635	11,030	11,655	5,995	5,660
51. Health professions and related programs	337,320	56,510	280,810	127,575	23,855	103,720
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	8,620	4,110	4,510	4,475	2,295	2,180
Personal, protective and transportation services	229,640	118,260	111,375	48,325	23,640	24,685
12. Personal and culinary services	129,245	32,830	96,410	32,480	10,620	21,865
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	225	200	25	60	45	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	875	795	80	145	145	0
43. Security and protective services	42,550	32,575	9,975	6,160	4,465	1,700
49. Transportation and materials moving	56,750	51,860	4,890	9,485	8,365	1,120
Other	890	300	595	190	65	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	890	300	595	190	65	125
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270	1,030,430	505,145	525,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970	1,329,580	638,605	690,970
Location of study inside Canada	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880	925,655	446,190	479,465
Same as province or territory of residence	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270	744,325	354,370	389,950
Different than province or territory of residence	142,415	73,800	68,610	181,330	91,820	89,510
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	374,620	193,530	181,090	403,925	192,415	211,510
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	28,320	16,915	11,410	47,055	25,960	21,095
Philippines	12,515	3,600	8,920	49,625	18,340	31,290
India	6,805	3,660	3,150	39,695	19,685	20,005
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	11,250	6,535	4,715	37,425	20,485	16,940
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	17,155	7,755	9,395	59,115	26,525	32,585
France	69,665	39,885	29,780	3,545	1,965	1,580
Other	228,905	115,185	113,725	167,460	79,445	88,010
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,389,590	720,505	669,085	536,040	271,410	264,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045	1,047,285	493,800	553,480
Location of study inside Canada	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780	729,685	348,530	381,155
Same as province or territory of residence	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280	593,200	279,360	313,840
Different than province or territory of residence	108,630	55,125	53,500	136,490	69,170	67,320
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	306,115	153,850	152,265	317,600	145,275	172,325
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	19,655	11,145	8,505	34,780	18,680	16,100
Philippines	10,545	2,935	7,610	42,475	15,510	26,960
India	4,865	2,465	2,400	33,475	15,830	17,645
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,390	4,245	3,145	23,655	12,740	10,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,420	6,865	8,550	51,215	22,490	28,720
France	57,315	32,115	25,205	2,950	1,655	1,295
Other	190,930	94,085	96,850	129,050	58,365	70,685
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,255
In the labour force	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,545,000	803,635	741,360
Employed	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	1,453,780	757,485	696,290
Unemployed	306,170	177,630	128,540	91,220	46,150	45,070
Not in the labour force	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480	815,010	340,115	474,895
Participation rate	64.1	67.9	60.5	65.5	70.3	61.0
Employment rate	59.5	62.5	56.7	61.6	66.2	57.2
Unemployment rate	7.2	8.0	6.3	5.9	5.7	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,255
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655	762,650	317,295	445,355
Worked	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585	1,597,365	826,460	770,900
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215	749,170	429,675	319,495
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375	848,190	396,785	451,405
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,545,000	803,635	741,365
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,485	51,640	49,850	28,125	13,160	14,960
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,516,875	790,480	726,400
Employee	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185	1,308,545	660,730	647,815
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	489,090	299,355	189,730	208,335	129,750	78,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,545,000	803,635	741,365
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,640	49,850	28,125	13,160	14,965
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,516,875	790,475	726,400
0 Management occupations	418,450	263,585	154,875	177,290	110,865	66,420
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	677,390	210,525	466,865	246,295	76,960	169,335
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	286,270	222,375	63,895	109,145	85,895	23,250
3 Health occupations	295,765	57,160	238,610	95,820	22,275	73,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	502,945	147,145	355,795	168,285	55,755	112,525
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135,730	64,370	71,365	67,390	34,230	33,160
6 Sales and service occupations	988,610	449,820	538,790	375,090	164,145	210,940
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	574,675	544,100	30,570	204,040	192,130	11,905
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	67,290	55,610	11,685	26,665	17,415	9,255
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	206,875	148,405	58,475	46,860	30,805	16,055
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765	1,545,000	803,635	741,360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,635	49,850	28,125	13,160	14,965
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	1,516,875	790,475	726,400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	84,060	60,460	23,595	24,005	12,950	11,055
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20,920	18,175	2,745	5,625	4,270	1,350
22 Utilities	28,410	20,650	7,755	7,550	5,005	2,545
23 Construction	254,055	223,770	30,285	118,280	103,430	14,850
31-33 Manufacturing	458,315	332,080	126,240	99,620	68,295	31,325
41 Wholesale trade	157,365	104,885	52,475	61,385	40,380	21,005
44-45 Retail trade	508,170	239,625	268,545	170,715	79,410	91,305
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	187,550	142,550	45,000	86,605	66,950	19,660
51 Information and cultural industries	100,775	59,705	41,070	52,940	33,240	19,700
52 Finance and insurance	165,140	66,175	98,965	69,985	30,580	39,410
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	61,380	36,505	24,875	38,655	21,070	17,585
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	288,715	161,030	127,685	142,645	79,495	63,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,305	1,270	2,035	3,425	1,580	1,845
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	176,185	108,280	67,905	70,150	40,470	29,680
61 Educational services	306,575	96,170	210,405	111,720	37,435	74,290
62 Health care and social assistance	532,680	99,380	433,295	156,670	31,390	125,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	84,130	44,235	39,895	35,330	17,885	17,440
72 Accommodation and food services	278,500	123,235	155,265	127,995	55,070	72,925
81 Other services (except public administration)	193,700	89,455	104,245	70,130	29,205	40,920
91 Public administration	264,085	135,455	128,630	63,450	32,365	31,090
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	1,453,785	757,485	696,295
Worked at home	266,285	134,325	131,960	121,140	60,495	60,650
Worked outside Canada	10,600	7,580	3,020	13,560	9,610	3,950
No fixed workplace address	351,595	265,405	86,185	200,490	147,475	53,015
Worked at usual place	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050	1,118,595	539,910	578,675
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050	1,118,590	539,910	578,680
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,732,155	810,895	921,260	509,115	223,950	285,170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485,450	234,700	250,750	560,645	286,720	273,925
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,037,125	549,095	488,030	44,075	26,195	17,880
Commute to a different province or territory	66,125	35,110	31,015	4,755	3,050	1,705
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240	1,319,080	687,385	631,695
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625	876,870	490,785	386,085
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	133,760	51,045	82,715	69,560	28,120	41,435
Public transit	503,285	217,465	285,820	240,765	102,620	138,140
Walked	205,350	93,595	111,760	85,505	37,225	48,275
Bicycle	54,625	36,470	18,155	29,675	19,115	10,560
Other method	36,010	20,845	15,170	16,710	9,510	7,195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240	1,319,080	687,385	631,695
Less than 15 minutes	1,035,455	493,225	542,235	266,155	119,455	146,700
15 to 29 minutes	1,200,455	617,010	583,445	422,085	214,965	207,120
30 to 44 minutes	777,955	425,640	352,310	331,125	183,960	147,170
45 to 59 minutes	343,540	184,440	159,100	151,550	84,385	67,165
60 minutes and over	315,035	174,875	140,160	148,165	84,615	63,550
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240	1,319,080	687,385	631,700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	256,150	192,835	63,315	92,365	64,240	28,130
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675,585	420,120	255,465	211,900	129,415	82,480
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,133,510	527,925	605,580	320,695	162,140	158,555
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	714,935	296,300	418,630	291,345	133,145	158,195
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	349,845	148,715	201,125	201,725	90,890	110,835
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	542,425	309,295	233,125	201,055	107,560	93,490
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655	1,655,140	854,150	800,990
Single responses	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385	1,610,800	832,040	778,760
Official languages	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420	1,530,345	789,300	741,045
English	541,720	294,935	246,780	1,526,680	788,325	738,360
French	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640	3,660	980	2,680
Non-official languages	34,160	17,190	16,970	80,450	42,735	37,715
Aboriginal languages	12,670	6,180	6,490	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	8,350	4,095	4,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	8,285	4,060	4,220	10	0	0
Atikamekw	1,100	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,800	840	960	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	210	105	100	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	35	20	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,145	2,515	2,630	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,305	2,080	2,220	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,290	2,075	2,215	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,490	11,005	10,480	80,435	42,735	37,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,895	1,125	775	410	265	145
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,860	1,110	745	405	265	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,715	1,045	665	295	215	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	25	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	70	70	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,725	850	870	2,205	1,020	1,190
Khmer (Cambodian)	315	140	175	20	15	10
Vietnamese	1,410	710	695	2,185	1,005	1,180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	760	370	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	35	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	50	60	640	305	340
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages	275	90	190	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	265	90	175	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	30	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	145	75	70	25	15	15
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,165	5,255	4,910	22,135	12,450	9,685
Albanian	30	20	10	10	15	0
Armenian	275	130	145	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,130	500	635	750	345	405
Baltic languages	15	0	10	10	10	10
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	1,115	495	625	740	335	400
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	55	20	30	0	10	0
Croatian	10	0	10	25	10	20
Czech	10	0	10	30	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	170	65	105	95	45	50
Russian	735	340	395	435	190	250
Serbian	10	15	0	80	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	35	75	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,285	575	715	450	240	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	20	10	10
Dutch	25	10	15	95	55	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	370	170	195	270	140	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	15	10	10	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	860	375	485	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	525	260	270	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	1,385	780	600	19,025	10,880	8,145
Indo-Aryan languages	680	390	295	17,945	10,160	7,785
Bengali	110	70	35	15	15	10
Gujarati	20	0	10	40	15	20
Hindi	35	20	15	275	165	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	0	10	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	415	225	190	17,545	9,935	7,610
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	50	35	45	20	20
Iranian languages	700	395	305	1,075	720	355
Kurdish	15	0	15	25	20	0
Pashto	10	0	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	675	385	285	1,045	695	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	5,525	2,990	2,540	1,845	945	900
Catalan	15	0	15	10	10	0
Italian	590	315	275	90	40	50
Portuguese	635	365	270	495	250	250
Romanian	320	140	175	70	45	20
Spanish	3,975	2,165	1,810	1,185	605	575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	235	80	150	1,580	610	970
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	300	150	150	5,315	2,825	2,495
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	20	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	60	140	200	60	135
American Sign Language	0	0	0	145	30	120
Quebec Sign Language	125	20	110	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	45	30	55	30	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,070	3,125	2,945	47,565	24,985	22,575
Chinese languages	6,075	3,130	2,950	47,480	24,935	22,550
Cantonese	2,655	1,325	1,330	22,975	11,690	11,285
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	3,100	1,630	1,465	23,365	12,665	10,700
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	205	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	235	130	110	880	425	450
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	80	50	25
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Karenic languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	40	75	110	50	60
Lao	55	25	30	10	0	0
Thai	55	10	40	100	45	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	50	55	45	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	110	55	55	35	30	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	40	35	20	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	35	0	35	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	30	15	15
Multiple responses	341,900	182,635	159,265	44,345	22,115	22,230
English and French	315,620	169,365	146,255	3,040	1,340	1,700
English and non-official language	6,545	3,655	2,890	40,890	20,620	20,280
French and non-official language	7,525	3,460	4,065	45	30	15
English, French and non-official language	12,205	6,160	6,055	370	130	245
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655	1,655,140	854,155	800,990
None	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690	1,506,445	779,895	726,550
English	1,031,380	555,940	475,440	32,960	16,915	16,045
French	317,490	169,785	147,705	13,510	5,980	7,525
Non-official language	49,850	25,900	23,950	99,580	50,090	49,490
Aboriginal	4,985	2,285	2,705	225	85	140
Non-Aboriginal	44,865	23,620	21,245	99,355	50,010	49,340
English and French	2,185	1,040	1,140	45	30	10
English and non-official language	14,910	7,255	7,655	1,125	540	585
French and non-official language	6,855	3,795	3,055	1,475	695	780
English, French and non-official language	65	50	20	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575	2,758,670	1,349,480	1,409,190
Non-movers	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195	2,322,805	1,134,745	1,188,055
Movers	914,800	450,420	464,380	435,865	214,735	221,130
Non-migrants	547,410	269,850	277,560	237,275	116,530	120,750
Migrants	367,385	180,565	186,820	198,585	98,210	100,380
Internal migrants	305,465	149,335	156,135	141,125	69,945	71,175
Intraprovincial migrants	284,280	137,945	146,330	113,300	55,740	57,550
Interprovincial migrants	21,190	11,385	9,805	27,830	14,205	13,620
External migrants	61,920	31,235	30,685	57,465	28,265	29,200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805	2,648,905	1,292,945	1,355,960
Non-movers	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065	1,490,310	727,555	762,760
Movers	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740	1,158,595	565,395	593,200
Non-migrants	1,507,665	741,220	766,440	591,830	288,480	303,350
Migrants	1,187,425	584,125	603,295	566,765	276,910	289,855
Internal migrants	949,170	464,830	484,340	369,565	181,370	188,200
Intraprovincial migrants	893,800	436,525	457,270	296,645	145,200	151,445
Interprovincial migrants	55,370	28,300	27,070	72,920	36,165	36,755
External migrants	238,250	119,295	118,960	197,200	95,545	101,650