Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quebec [Province] and Edmonton [Census metropolitan area], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Quebec [Province]			Edmonton Alberta [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Quebec [Province]  Map : Quebec [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Edmonton [Census metropolitan area], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	8,164,361	...	...	1,321,426	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	7,903,001	...	...	1,159,869	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	3,858,943	...	...	537,634	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	3,531,663	...	...	502,143	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.0	...	...	140.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,356,625.27	...	...	9,438.86	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605	1,321,425	660,570	660,855
0 to 14 years	1,333,260	682,535	650,720	243,200	124,360	118,840
0 to 4 years	444,930	227,965	216,970	85,100	43,375	41,730
5 to 9 years	469,165	240,225	228,940	83,715	42,740	40,970
10 to 14 years	419,160	214,345	204,815	74,380	38,245	36,140
15 to 64 years	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280	915,560	462,435	453,125
15 to 19 years	429,825	219,070	210,755	75,695	38,920	36,775
20 to 24 years	500,100	252,600	247,500	92,345	47,090	45,255
25 to 29 years	495,410	248,030	247,380	109,080	55,445	53,640
30 to 34 years	515,505	256,440	259,070	112,310	56,705	55,605
35 to 39 years	550,540	274,595	275,945	100,240	50,770	49,470
40 to 44 years	506,525	254,100	252,425	89,520	45,350	44,165
45 to 49 years	519,425	260,410	259,015	85,525	43,055	42,470
50 to 54 years	619,435	309,070	310,370	90,785	45,375	45,410
55 to 59 years	636,475	314,190	322,285	87,575	43,810	43,760
60 to 64 years	562,670	276,140	286,535	72,500	35,915	36,580
65 years and over	1,495,195	669,590	825,605	162,665	73,765	88,895
65 to 69 years	488,175	236,395	251,775	55,960	27,270	28,695
70 to 74 years	373,590	176,905	196,690	37,415	17,745	19,670
75 to 79 years	256,905	116,020	140,890	27,425	12,545	14,885
80 to 84 years	187,835	78,390	109,450	20,600	8,775	11,820
85 years and over	188,685	61,885	126,805	21,260	7,435	13,830
85 to 89 years	120,635	43,795	76,840	13,315	5,195	8,120
90 to 94 years	53,165	15,155	38,015	6,120	1,840	4,275
95 to 99 years	13,035	2,685	10,350	1,585	360	1,220
100 years and over	1,850	255	1,600	245	35	210
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.0	15.7	18.4	18.8	18.0
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.3	64.4	69.3	70.0	68.6
65 years and over	18.3	16.7	19.9	12.3	11.2	13.5
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	1.6	1.1	2.1
Average age of the population	41.9	40.9	42.9	37.8	37.1	38.5
Median age of the population	42.5	41.4	43.6	36.3	35.7	37.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	3,531,660	...	...	502,140	...	...
Single-detached house	1,602,680	...	...	287,775	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	187,800	...	...	26,885	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,717,680	...	...	180,580	...	...
Semi-detached house	188,245	...	...	31,195	...	...
Row house	93,350	...	...	42,865	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	265,195	...	...	10,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,154,955	...	...	95,675	...	...
Other single-attached house	15,940	...	...	165	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	23,505	...	...	6,905	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
1 person	1,175,230	...	...	123,655	...	...
2 persons	1,227,765	...	...	168,735	...	...
3 persons	489,460	...	...	82,535	...	...
4 persons	426,250	...	...	77,110	...	...
5 or more persons	212,960	...	...	50,115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,965,455	...	...	1,297,280	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885	1,078,230	536,210	542,025
Married or living common law	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395	627,500	314,990	312,510
Married	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260	525,300	263,835	261,465
Living common law	1,501,160	752,025	749,135	102,200	51,155	51,045
Not married and not living common law	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490	450,730	221,220	229,510
Never married	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280	312,570	173,655	138,915
Separated	103,625	46,390	57,240	25,390	11,000	14,390
Divorced	483,195	194,430	288,760	65,720	27,020	38,695
Widowed	389,555	84,345	305,210	47,055	9,540	37,510
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	2,257,560	...	...	360,845	...	...
2 persons	1,204,955	...	...	173,185	...	...
3 persons	466,310	...	...	78,690	...	...
4 persons	412,160	...	...	74,835	...	...
5 or more persons	174,140	...	...	34,135	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	2,257,560	...	...	360,845	...	...
Total couple families	1,878,095	...	...	304,740	...	...
Married couples	1,128,355	...	...	253,655	...	...
Common-law couples	749,740	...	...	51,080	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	379,460	...	...	56,105	...	...
Female parent	284,900	...	...	43,515	...	...
Male parent	94,565	...	...	12,590	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,878,095	...	...	304,735	...	...
Couples without children	970,260	...	...	139,070	...	...
Couples with children	907,840	...	...	165,665	...	...
1 child	356,640	...	...	63,125	...	...
2 children	384,875	...	...	70,360	...	...
3 or more children	166,315	...	...	32,185	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	379,465	...	...	56,105	...	...
1 child	234,695	...	...	34,110	...	...
2 children	109,670	...	...	15,565	...	...
3 or more children	35,100	...	...	6,435	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,579,070	775,765	803,305	231,985	121,605	110,380
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	3,531,660	...	...	502,145	...	...
One-census-family households	2,197,340	...	...	336,245	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	947,305	...	...	129,390	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	1,250,040	...	...	206,855	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	29,595	...	...	11,980	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,304,725	...	...	153,920	...	...
One-person households	1,175,230	...	...	123,655	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	129,500	...	...	30,265	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285	1,307,175	654,005	653,170
English only	372,445	187,595	184,860	1,189,600	600,100	589,500
French only	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095	1,765	775	985
English and French	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275	95,160	44,820	50,340
Neither English nor French	75,065	31,000	44,060	20,650	8,300	12,345
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,307,170	654,000	653,170
English	964,120	482,985	481,135	1,252,685	628,165	624,525
French	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560	27,475	14,300	13,175
English and French	278,710	144,060	134,655	6,885	3,520	3,370
Neither English nor French	72,775	29,845	42,930	20,120	8,020	12,105
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,103,480	555,015	548,465	30,925	16,060	14,860
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	13.7	14.0	13.4	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,307,175	654,000	653,170
Single responses	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975	1,272,990	637,380	635,610
Official languages	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845	957,505	484,440	473,065
English	601,155	301,860	299,300	930,410	470,330	460,075
French	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550	27,100	14,105	12,995
Non-official languages	1,060,830	517,700	543,125	315,485	152,940	162,545
Aboriginal languages	45,570	22,530	23,040	2,740	1,095	1,645
Algonquian languages	33,140	16,365	16,770	2,150	845	1,305
Blackfoot	5	0	0	35	10	25
Cree-Montagnais languages	31,430	15,575	15,855	2,005	795	1,210
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,715	4,155	4,555	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	5	0	0
Naskapi	590	285	305	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	135	55	80	15	5	10
Plains Cree	5	0	5	350	120	230
Southern East Cree	35	15	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	25	5	15
Woods Cree	10	5	5	155	65	90
Cree, n.o.s.	15,790	7,920	7,875	1,455	590	860
Eastern Algonquian languages	485	225	260	10	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	485	220	260	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,215	565	645	95	40	55
Algonquin	1,185	555	630	0	0	5
Ojibway	20	10	15	90	35	55
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	220	80	145
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	220	75	145
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	5	5
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	145	50	95
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	0	40	15	25
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	11,970	5,955	6,015	65	20	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	11,895	5,925	5,970	40	10	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	75	25	45	15	5	15
Iroquoian languages	375	165	210	5	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	365	160	210	5	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	35	20	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	225	100	120
Dakota	0	0	0	70	25	40
Stoney	0	0	0	155	80	75
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	65	30	35	25	20	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,015,260	495,175	520,090	312,745	151,845	160,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	197,535	104,185	93,355	31,265	16,330	14,935
Berber languages	20,845	11,125	9,720	130	75	60
Kabyle	12,470	6,625	5,840	75	45	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,375	4,500	3,875	60	30	30
Cushitic languages	1,125	545	580	7,905	3,970	3,940
Bilen	10	10	5	245	140	105
Oromo	15	10	5	1,130	585	540
Somali	1,075	515	560	6,510	3,235	3,275
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	25	10	10
Semitic languages	175,215	92,310	82,900	23,155	12,245	10,910
Amharic	745	340	405	2,515	1,215	1,295
Arabic	169,890	89,590	80,300	17,520	9,375	8,145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	150	80	70	75	35	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	35	25	15
Harari	0	5	5	165	85	80
Hebrew	3,885	2,040	1,845	405	220	180
Maltese	25	10	15	30	10	15
Tigrigna	385	185	205	2,330	1,225	1,110
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	80	50	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	200	155	65	45	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	36,305	17,030	19,275	9,640	4,450	5,190
Khmer (Cambodian)	8,855	4,105	4,750	765	360	405
Vietnamese	27,425	12,920	14,505	8,870	4,080	4,785
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	21,635	7,800	13,835	42,565	18,515	24,050
Bikol	115	35	80	115	50	60
Cebuano	885	270	610	1,940	810	1,125
Fijian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hiligaynon	410	125	275	530	235	295
Ilocano	2,060	745	1,315	1,850	780	1,065
Malagasy	1,250	590	660	10	5	5
Malay	705	265	440	515	225	290
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	205	90	110	340	155	180
Pangasinan	95	40	50	110	45	70
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15,545	5,480	10,065	36,750	16,010	20,740
Waray-Waray	50	10	40	75	30	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	140	180	285	125	155
Creole languages	56,990	25,220	31,770	1,015	530	490
Haitian Creole	2,220	1,055	1,170	55	25	30
Creole, n.o.s.	53,785	23,675	30,110	615	345	275
Creole languages, n.i.e.	980	490	490	350	160	185
Dravidian languages	14,865	7,435	7,430	6,790	3,545	3,250
Kannada	240	130	110	210	105	100
Malayalam	440	235	205	3,455	1,785	1,675
Tamil	13,600	6,715	6,880	2,170	1,150	1,025
Telugu	570	345	230	940	495	440
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	20	15	15
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	553,045	269,625	283,420	152,395	75,615	76,780
Albanian	2,795	1,420	1,370	770	415	350
Armenian	16,430	7,970	8,460	170	85	85
Balto-Slavic languages	68,155	30,960	37,195	34,695	16,210	18,480
Baltic languages	850	335	515	320	145	175
Latvian	290	120	175	150	65	80
Lithuanian	555	215	340	170	75	95
Slavic languages	67,310	30,630	36,675	34,375	16,070	18,300
Belarusan	80	45	35	35	15	15
Bosnian	1,620	805	815	710	355	355
Bulgarian	6,985	3,385	3,600	480	250	225
Croatian	2,330	1,165	1,170	2,010	1,050	960
Czech	1,465	690	775	895	435	460
Macedonian	205	105	95	185	90	90
Polish	13,935	6,065	7,865	9,380	4,375	5,000
Russian	28,565	12,715	15,850	5,730	2,655	3,075
Serbian	3,140	1,590	1,545	1,835	930	910
Serbo-Croatian	1,805	865	940	360	180	175
Slovak	1,040	455	585	610	300	315
Slovene (Slovenian)	755	350	405	290	140	155
Ukrainian	5,210	2,285	2,920	11,770	5,250	6,520
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	85	90	45	45
Celtic languages	155	95	60	120	75	45
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	45	25	20
Welsh	40	20	20	35	25	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	35	25	15
Germanic languages	27,540	13,280	14,260	20,925	9,990	10,935
Afrikaans	125	60	65	575	300	270
Danish	395	190	200	745	365	375
Dutch	2,825	1,395	1,430	4,100	1,985	2,120
Frisian	10	10	0	90	50	40
German	13,670	6,340	7,330	14,760	6,995	7,765
Icelandic	65	30	35	35	15	25
Norwegian	200	100	100	210	100	110
Swedish	555	255	300	270	115	155
Vlaams (Flemish)	540	240	300	80	35	45
Yiddish	8,985	4,560	4,420	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	5	5	5
Greek	38,635	19,435	19,205	1,075	585	490
Indo-Iranian languages	76,040	39,205	36,835	64,055	32,905	31,155
Indo-Aryan languages	45,845	23,875	21,970	57,440	29,435	28,005
Bengali	10,995	5,620	5,380	2,335	1,230	1,110
Gujarati	6,070	2,980	3,090	5,745	2,980	2,765
Hindi	3,030	1,635	1,390	8,410	4,235	4,180
Kashmiri	20	15	5	20	10	10
Konkani	110	60	55	155	80	75
Marathi	255	145	110	535	275	260
Nepali	1,505	740	765	1,990	1,040	955
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,380	6,720	5,660	27,780	14,270	13,515
Sindhi	330	160	165	940	435	500
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	645	310	330	1,305	680	630
Urdu	10,470	5,460	5,010	8,140	4,155	3,985
Iranian languages	29,760	15,105	14,655	6,335	3,320	3,015
Kurdish	985	550	430	755	420	340
Pashto	1,285	680	610	660	350	310
Persian (Farsi)	27,490	13,875	13,615	4,920	2,555	2,370
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	280	150	130
Italic (Romance) languages	323,290	157,260	166,030	30,585	15,355	15,235
Catalan	320	170	150	25	15	15
Italian	104,600	51,705	52,895	4,910	2,440	2,470
Portuguese	36,770	17,735	19,035	4,630	2,260	2,370
Romanian	35,840	17,170	18,665	2,540	1,270	1,265
Spanish	145,635	70,405	75,235	18,465	9,365	9,105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	125	75	50	15	10	10
Japanese	2,525	775	1,750	1,055	340	715
Kartvelian languages	170	80	85	70	40	25
Georgian	170	80	90	65	40	30
Korean	5,160	2,270	2,890	6,330	3,005	3,325
Mongolic languages	190	75	115	80	35	45
Mongolian	195	80	115	80	35	45
Niger-Congo languages	28,355	14,360	13,995	7,320	3,700	3,620
Akan (Twi)	1,050	520	525	885	460	425
Bamanankan	1,200	655	545	15	10	5
Edo	75	45	30	140	75	70
Ewe	730	400	325	125	75	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,055	1,080	970	140	75	65
Ga	80	40	40	65	35	30
Ganda	35	15	20	210	105	105
Igbo	120	70	50	305	165	145
Lingala	2,465	1,185	1,285	160	80	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	3,345	1,600	1,745	400	200	205
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,500	1,115	1,380	610	305	305
Shona	85	45	40	565	275	290
Swahili	3,010	1,460	1,545	1,245	600	645
Wolof	3,230	1,745	1,485	130	85	45
Yoruba	255	155	100	700	390	310
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,135	4,235	3,895	1,610	760	850
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	180	165	750	385	365
Dinka	5	5	0	335	170	160
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	335	170	165	410	210	205
Sign languages	1,330	700	630	390	190	200
American Sign Language	65	35	30	175	80	100
Quebec Sign Language	670	330	340	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	595	340	255	210	105	105
Sino-Tibetan languages	76,840	35,775	41,065	47,885	22,610	25,270
Chinese languages	76,490	35,600	40,895	47,180	22,240	24,945
Cantonese	24,375	11,505	12,875	22,670	10,590	12,080
Hakka	470	215	260	620	290	330
Mandarin	43,700	20,175	23,525	19,930	9,465	10,465
Min Dong	20	10	15	70	30	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,225	1,480	1,745	1,265	580	685
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,075	465	605	235	120	115
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,535	1,710	1,825	2,365	1,160	1,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	45	25	5	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	175	170	700	370	330
Burmese	80	30	50	145	75	65
Karenic languages	70	40	30	430	235	200
Tibetan	110	65	50	20	15	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	105	50	55
Tai-Kadai languages	4,895	2,185	2,710	1,020	380	635
Lao	4,115	1,995	2,120	385	190	195
Thai	765	180	585	625	190	435
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	15	5	10
Turkic languages	7,980	4,095	3,880	2,075	1,160	915
Azerbaijani	290	160	130	120	75	45
Turkish	7,155	3,685	3,470	1,740	965	770
Uyghur	205	100	105	60	35	25
Uzbek	145	70	75	110	60	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	185	80	105	50	25	25
Uralic languages	6,400	2,985	3,410	1,850	880	975
Estonian	195	75	120	45	20	30
Finnish	360	125	240	225	95	130
Hungarian	5,835	2,790	3,045	1,580	765	815
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	685	385	300	235	130	100
Multiple responses	184,905	92,600	92,310	34,180	16,625	17,560
English and French	72,395	36,695	35,695	3,915	1,915	2,000
English and non-official language	27,485	13,545	13,945	28,420	13,785	14,635
French and non-official language	67,075	33,110	33,970	1,225	610	620
English, French and non-official language	17,950	9,245	8,705	615	310	305
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285	1,307,175	654,000	653,175
Single responses	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425	1,235,280	618,935	616,350
Official languages	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685	1,061,360	533,475	527,880
English	782,185	391,125	391,060	1,050,405	527,870	522,530
French	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625	10,950	5,605	5,340
Non-official languages	585,890	283,150	302,735	173,925	85,455	88,470
Aboriginal languages	40,190	20,205	19,980	535	240	295
Algonquian languages	28,695	14,385	14,310	450	205	245
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	28,110	14,105	14,005	420	190	230
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	7,375	3,590	3,790	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	590	295	290	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	30	30	15	10	5
Plains Cree	5	0	0	55	25	30
Southern East Cree	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	5	0	20	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	14,590	7,355	7,235	325	145	180
Eastern Algonquian languages	220	115	110	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	220	110	105	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	170	200	25	10	10
Algonquin	360	165	195	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	20	5	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,375	5,770	5,615	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,350	5,750	5,600	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	70	35	35	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	70	35	30	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	25	10	15
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	10	25	15	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	545,695	262,940	282,755	173,390	85,215	88,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	91,660	46,550	45,110	20,330	10,315	10,020
Berber languages	7,495	3,895	3,605	95	45	50
Kabyle	5,105	2,660	2,450	50	25	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,390	1,235	1,150	45	20	25
Cushitic languages	535	240	295	5,850	2,930	2,920
Bilen	5	0	5	210	125	90
Oromo	5	0	0	885	450	435
Somali	520	230	290	4,740	2,355	2,385
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	5
Semitic languages	83,520	42,365	41,160	14,365	7,325	7,040
Amharic	340	150	185	1,695	805	890
Arabic	81,105	41,150	39,955	10,590	5,450	5,145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	40	20	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	20	10	5
Harari	5	0	5	115	55	60
Hebrew	1,705	880	825	185	100	95
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	205	95	105	1,655	855	800
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	50	35	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,980	11,675	13,305	6,245	2,890	3,365
Khmer (Cambodian)	5,180	2,370	2,805	385	185	205
Vietnamese	19,790	9,295	10,495	5,860	2,700	3,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	9,715	3,960	5,750	22,800	10,715	12,085
Bikol	15	5	10	15	5	5
Cebuano	230	100	125	810	390	420
Fijian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	130	55	75	190	85	105
Ilocano	740	305	435	605	285	320
Malagasy	360	185	170	5	5	0
Malay	175	85	95	130	65	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	30	30	125	60	70
Pangasinan	10	5	10	25	10	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,905	3,150	4,760	20,765	9,745	11,020
Waray-Waray	15	10	10	10	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	85	40	40
Creole languages	20,705	8,780	11,925	570	285	280
Haitian Creole	855	380	475	40	20	20
Creole, n.o.s.	19,405	8,200	11,210	380	200	180
Creole languages, n.i.e.	440	200	240	150	70	80
Dravidian languages	11,400	5,595	5,805	4,415	2,280	2,140
Kannada	150	85	65	80	40	40
Malayalam	200	100	100	2,330	1,195	1,130
Tamil	10,720	5,215	5,500	1,445	760	680
Telugu	330	190	135	560	280	280
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	303,215	146,100	157,115	75,400	37,840	37,560
Albanian	1,615	795	820	370	195	175
Armenian	11,990	5,680	6,310	70	35	35
Balto-Slavic languages	40,405	19,085	21,325	12,815	6,240	6,575
Baltic languages	190	80	105	120	55	65
Latvian	75	40	40	55	25	30
Lithuanian	115	40	70	70	30	35
Slavic languages	40,220	19,000	21,220	12,690	6,185	6,505
Belarusan	25	15	15	10	5	5
Bosnian	965	475	495	305	155	150
Bulgarian	5,125	2,495	2,630	290	150	150
Croatian	1,015	475	545	895	455	440
Czech	460	220	240	255	135	120
Macedonian	130	65	65	90	45	40
Polish	5,970	2,695	3,270	3,805	1,790	2,015
Russian	20,680	9,775	10,900	3,265	1,615	1,650
Serbian	2,010	1,020	990	1,000	505	500
Serbo-Croatian	960	470	490	120	55	60
Slovak	245	120	130	170	80	90
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	95	135	65	35	35
Ukrainian	2,365	1,060	1,300	2,395	1,150	1,250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	25	5	15
Celtic languages	30	20	10	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	0	5	0
Germanic languages	9,890	4,980	4,905	3,045	1,490	1,555
Afrikaans	15	10	10	295	155	145
Danish	50	25	25	40	20	20
Dutch	375	170	205	275	135	140
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	2,550	1,190	1,365	2,315	1,135	1,180
Icelandic	30	15	20	15	5	10
Norwegian	20	5	10	15	5	5
Swedish	105	50	60	65	30	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	35	40	15	10	5
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,180	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	18,545	8,865	9,680	375	185	190
Indo-Iranian languages	53,555	26,845	26,710	43,140	21,900	21,240
Indo-Aryan languages	31,575	15,985	15,585	39,005	19,815	19,190
Bengali	8,180	4,055	4,125	1,455	750	700
Gujarati	3,840	1,860	1,985	3,650	1,855	1,795
Hindi	1,535	790	745	5,095	2,600	2,495
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	30	15	15	40	20	15
Marathi	80	40	40	335	170	160
Nepali	1,355	655	700	1,395	725	665
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	5	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,840	4,690	4,155	20,655	10,505	10,150
Sindhi	135	65	75	465	230	235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	365	185	180	785	405	380
Urdu	7,180	3,620	3,565	5,100	2,530	2,570
Iranian languages	21,745	10,740	11,010	4,020	2,040	1,985
Kurdish	510	280	235	375	200	180
Pashto	925	460	465	430	230	195
Persian (Farsi)	20,310	10,005	10,305	3,215	1,605	1,610
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	120	120	115	50	65
Italic (Romance) languages	167,190	79,835	87,355	15,580	7,780	7,800
Catalan	110	50	60	10	5	5
Italian	32,935	14,595	18,340	1,405	635	770
Portuguese	17,260	8,250	9,005	1,915	915	1,000
Romanian	24,520	12,000	12,525	1,355	670	685
Spanish	92,330	44,920	47,415	10,880	5,545	5,335
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	5	5	5
Japanese	1,050	425	620	475	190	285
Kartvelian languages	70	35	35	55	25	25
Georgian	70	40	35	55	30	25
Korean	3,540	1,630	1,910	4,570	2,240	2,325
Mongolic languages	145	70	75	45	20	30
Mongolian	145	70	75	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	7,250	3,450	3,800	2,945	1,420	1,525
Akan (Twi)	445	215	235	445	210	235
Bamanankan	265	135	125	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	35	20	15
Ewe	140	60	80	40	25	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	530	255	280	55	25	25
Ga	15	5	10	20	10	10
Ganda	5	5	5	80	35	40
Igbo	15	10	10	85	40	45
Lingala	625	270	355	40	20	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,110	510	600	200	90	105
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	530	225	305	285	150	135
Shona	20	10	10	220	100	120
Swahili	1,100	535	565	585	275	315
Wolof	1,035	555	480	90	50	40
Yoruba	55	25	25	280	145	135
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,350	635	710	495	225	270
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	365	190	180
Dinka	0	0	0	200	110	90
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	65	65	165	75	90
Sign languages	1,770	1,000	775	480	270	210
American Sign Language	90	35	50	195	105	85
Quebec Sign Language	700	360	340	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	985	600	385	285	165	120
Sino-Tibetan languages	60,370	28,925	31,450	32,310	15,330	16,980
Chinese languages	60,155	28,805	31,345	31,770	15,045	16,720
Cantonese	17,845	8,470	9,375	14,695	6,795	7,900
Hakka	155	75	80	215	95	120
Mandarin	37,075	17,870	19,200	14,725	7,150	7,575
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,830	830	1,000	555	235	315
Wu (Shanghainese)	780	355	420	120	60	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,435	1,190	1,240	1,440	705	735
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	115	100	540	280	255
Burmese	35	15	20	95	50	45
Karenic languages	65	40	30	360	195	165
Tibetan	70	45	30	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	60	25	35
Tai-Kadai languages	2,375	1,145	1,230	475	220	260
Lao	2,150	1,055	1,100	190	90	95
Thai	225	90	135	285	130	155
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages	5,120	2,540	2,575	1,310	705	610
Azerbaijani	100	50	55	50	30	20
Turkish	4,715	2,340	2,370	1,140	605	535
Uyghur	140	75	70	40	20	15
Uzbek	105	50	55	70	40	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	15	10	5
Uralic languages	2,025	895	1,130	505	240	270
Estonian	30	10	20	5	5	0
Finnish	50	20	30	30	15	15
Hungarian	1,945	860	1,085	475	225	250
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	75	35	35
Multiple responses	322,820	157,960	164,860	71,890	35,065	36,825
English and French	86,715	43,820	42,890	2,760	1,375	1,390
English and non-official language	54,400	26,255	28,140	67,205	32,760	34,445
French and non-official language	139,385	66,610	72,775	590	285	305
English, French and non-official language	42,320	21,270	21,045	1,340	655	680
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285	1,307,170	654,005	653,170
None	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900	1,112,425	559,130	553,295
English	513,410	263,670	249,735	79,240	39,665	39,575
French	320,370	158,340	162,030	14,810	6,920	7,890
Non-official language	317,790	154,450	163,340	97,025	46,415	50,605
Aboriginal	5,700	2,645	3,060	2,570	1,070	1,495
Non-Aboriginal	312,085	151,810	160,280	94,460	45,350	49,110
English and French	36,235	18,285	17,955	685	350	335
English and non-official language	28,630	14,075	14,555	1,870	975	895
French and non-official language	23,470	11,365	12,095	1,060	510	550
English, French and non-official language	1,420	740	680	50	25	20
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,054,615	525,585	529,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,004,255	500,995	503,265
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,975	37,842	28,522	43,900	55,986	34,288
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400	1,004,495	501,035	503,465
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,535	33,110	26,119	38,900	47,853	31,301
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220	933,730	477,775	455,950
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,067	35,597	25,012	43,516	55,575	33,224
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445	594,350	239,370	354,980
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,307	5,851	8,246	3,919	3,476	4,103
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370	816,225	428,235	387,990
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,263	35,627	27,219	44,571	56,058	34,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,054,635	525,710	528,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595	1,004,765	501,080	503,685
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,546	49,087	36,203	60,781	76,732	44,913
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890	1,005,025	501,130	503,900
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,887	39,292	30,616	49,500	60,958	38,105
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485	933,685	477,415	456,270
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,505	47,810	33,079	60,855	76,948	44,016
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050	594,040	239,135	354,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,590	7,846	9,229	7,157	7,162	7,153
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120	816,225	427,160	389,065
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,382	45,974	34,313	57,609	71,072	42,828
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,054,635	525,710	528,930
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025	382,260	219,385	162,870
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,111	51,622	42,433	65,053	74,962	55,048
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	56,564	62,750	49,085	78,434	90,605	62,040
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.4	88.3	79.1	93.1	95.6	88.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	68.4	71.4	64.6	77.1	79.4	73.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.6	11.7	20.9	6.9	4.4	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140	1,054,615	525,585	529,030
Without total income	216,685	99,555	117,125	50,355	24,590	25,765
With total income	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020	1,004,260	500,995	503,265
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.9	96.5	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	789,595	351,935	437,660	123,530	46,620	76,915
$10,000 to $19,999	1,188,135	476,630	711,500	124,650	47,170	77,480
$20,000 to $29,999	976,210	428,390	547,830	116,840	45,095	71,745
$30,000 to $39,999	852,735	414,105	438,625	99,035	42,010	57,025
$40,000 to $49,999	747,995	378,215	369,780	95,695	43,805	51,890
$50,000 to $59,999	540,265	292,110	248,150	85,705	42,195	43,515
$60,000 to $69,999	375,935	214,805	161,130	71,855	39,380	32,470
$70,000 to $79,999	286,025	164,240	121,790	58,140	34,740	23,395
$80,000 to $89,999	189,350	113,715	75,635	46,275	28,870	17,405
$90,000 to $99,999	122,750	80,090	42,660	39,810	24,790	15,015
$100,000 and over	348,620	246,360	102,255	142,725	106,320	36,410
$100,000 to $149,999	236,515	164,145	72,370	93,120	66,555	26,560
$150,000 and over	112,105	82,215	29,885	49,610	39,765	9,845
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140	1,054,615	525,585	529,030
Without after-tax income	215,120	99,375	115,750	50,120	24,550	25,565
With after-tax income	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395	1,004,495	501,035	503,460
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.6	95.2	95.3	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	822,725	359,045	463,675	126,435	47,390	79,040
$10,000 to $19,999	1,246,480	505,165	741,315	130,460	49,510	80,950
$20,000 to $29,999	1,192,885	541,080	651,810	135,175	52,885	82,290
$30,000 to $39,999	1,096,510	553,200	543,315	124,095	55,060	69,035
$40,000 to $49,999	793,150	425,040	368,115	119,275	58,005	61,265
$50,000 to $59,999	498,475	283,130	215,345	96,830	53,195	43,630
$60,000 to $69,999	309,415	180,470	128,945	72,420	44,130	28,285
$70,000 to $79,999	167,895	108,500	59,395	55,695	35,055	20,635
$80,000 and over	291,635	205,155	86,485	144,115	105,795	38,325
$80,000 to $89,999	95,010	64,670	30,335	42,055	27,795	14,255
$90,000 to $99,999	55,980	39,080	16,905	27,800	19,845	7,955
$100,000 and over	140,645	101,405	39,240	74,260	58,150	16,115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145	1,054,615	525,585	529,030
Without employment income	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775	238,390	97,350	141,040
With employment income	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375	816,225	428,235	387,990
Percentage with employment income	69.8	73.9	65.8	77.4	81.5	73.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	606,300	311,780	294,520	82,765	36,685	46,080
$5,000 to $9,999	367,030	162,150	204,885	53,035	21,765	31,270
$10,000 to $19,999	681,920	305,995	375,920	88,955	36,670	52,285
$20,000 to $29,999	586,140	269,950	316,195	75,155	30,800	44,350
$30,000 to $39,999	565,425	277,135	288,285	73,780	32,515	41,260
$40,000 to $49,999	476,665	247,105	229,560	74,200	34,450	39,755
$50,000 to $59,999	359,180	203,580	155,600	69,110	34,275	34,830
$60,000 to $69,999	266,650	156,255	110,395	57,935	32,290	25,650
$70,000 to $79,999	224,040	129,890	94,150	48,400	29,725	18,675
$80,000 and over	494,440	344,585	149,855	192,895	139,065	53,830
$80,000 to $89,999	139,830	90,295	49,540	39,340	25,230	14,105
$90,000 to $99,999	93,860	64,160	29,700	35,535	22,345	13,185
$100,000 and over	260,745	190,125	70,620	118,020	91,490	26,535
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,822	...	...	94,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,207	...	...	80,578	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,175,230	...	...	123,655	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,574	...	...	49,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,469	...	...	42,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,356,430	...	...	378,490	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,645	...	...	113,082	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	95,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	121,620	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,404	...	...	99,074	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,174,695	...	...	123,645	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,042	...	...	61,906	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,262	...	...	50,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,356,970	...	...	378,500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,878	...	...	141,127	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,426	...	...	114,941	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	7,130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	56,315	...	...	4,390	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	119,570	...	...	6,090	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180,865	...	...	10,650	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	179,690	...	...	15,975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	154,150	...	...	12,650	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185,000	...	...	13,375	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	184,435	...	...	14,710	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	179,855	...	...	14,890	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170,445	...	...	15,225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	313,600	...	...	31,270	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	273,620	...	...	31,800	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	241,940	...	...	30,885	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,620	...	...	29,315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	176,355	...	...	28,300	...	...
$100,000 and over	860,030	...	...	235,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	327,435	...	...	62,155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	204,105	...	...	49,070	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	192,155	...	...	63,025	...	...
$200,000 and over	136,335	...	...	61,235	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,531,660	...	...	502,145	...	...
Under $5,000	50,445	...	...	7,570	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	57,335	...	...	4,475	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120,860	...	...	6,245	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190,300	...	...	11,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	202,905	...	...	17,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	187,365	...	...	14,425	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	231,765	...	...	16,045	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225,695	...	...	17,890	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	211,990	...	...	18,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,760	...	...	19,570	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	363,775	...	...	39,790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	309,825	...	...	38,620	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	256,150	...	...	37,325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	208,765	...	...	35,490	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	166,295	...	...	32,000	...	...
$100,000 and over	545,440	...	...	185,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	269,170	...	...	65,440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130,225	...	...	45,315	...	...
$150,000 and over	146,045	...	...	74,900	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	2,261,890	...	...	356,945	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,378	...	...	112,017	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,152	...	...	94,936	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	930,195	...	...	126,600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,075	...	...	104,291	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,224	...	...	88,163	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	911,980	...	...	166,230	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,246	...	...	135,226	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,844	...	...	113,369	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	364,085	...	...	51,255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,708	...	...	65,372	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,805	...	...	58,846	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	2,262,045	...	...	356,770	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,863	...	...	141,238	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,060	...	...	114,746	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	929,645	...	...	126,555	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,304	...	...	137,211	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,167	...	...	110,306	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	912,560	...	...	166,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,835	...	...	164,710	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,279	...	...	133,356	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	363,610	...	...	51,105	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,753	...	...	79,925	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,052	...	...	68,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,433,210	711,180	722,030	195,755	104,590	91,160
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,195	31,526	27,210	43,174	48,152	38,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,706	28,214	25,434	38,035	41,552	34,433
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,430,625	708,225	722,405	195,565	104,575	90,990
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,684	39,840	35,571	54,619	59,975	48,463
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,513	32,729	30,321	45,054	48,572	41,012
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970	1,297,280	649,640	647,635
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115	481,165	231,525	249,645
In the bottom decile	747,785	368,385	379,395	92,850	45,260	47,590
In the second decile	898,605	408,705	489,900	85,520	38,920	46,600
In the third decile	997,185	481,975	515,210	91,520	43,370	48,145
In the fourth decile	996,230	490,275	505,960	100,245	48,930	51,320
In the fifth decile	938,080	467,425	470,655	111,030	55,040	55,990
In the top half of the distribution	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855	816,110	418,120	397,995
In the sixth decile	881,640	444,865	436,775	121,550	60,470	61,085
In the seventh decile	806,685	409,470	397,220	134,300	67,770	66,525
In the eighth decile	700,450	357,000	343,455	153,240	78,455	74,790
In the ninth decile	557,160	286,195	270,960	182,320	93,660	88,655
In the top decile	441,630	227,185	214,445	224,700	117,765	106,940
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945	1,292,885	647,435	645,450
0 to 17 years	1,564,410	800,455	763,960	285,260	146,015	139,250
0 to 5 years	532,410	272,790	259,625	101,220	51,610	49,615
18 to 64 years	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980	860,170	432,525	427,645
65 years and over	1,335,220	620,210	715,010	147,455	68,895	78,560
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,160,190	542,405	617,785	119,950	56,360	63,585
0 to 17 years	222,955	114,410	108,540	37,730	19,310	18,420
0 to 5 years	75,270	38,595	36,670	14,275	7,295	6,975
18 to 64 years	688,130	334,825	353,305	70,850	32,915	37,930
65 years and over	249,110	93,170	155,930	11,370	4,135	7,240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.8	15.4	9.3	8.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	14.3	14.2	13.2	13.2	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	14.1	14.1	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	8.2	7.6	8.9
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.0	21.8	7.7	6.0	9.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	731,340	358,085	373,260	103,445	50,315	53,135
0 to 17 years	129,325	66,400	62,925	29,130	14,860	14,270
0 to 5 years	44,375	22,705	21,675	11,105	5,670	5,440
18 to 64 years	514,540	261,485	253,060	68,795	33,340	35,455
65 years and over	87,475	30,205	57,270	5,525	2,115	3,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.0	7.8	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	11.0	11.0	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.5	10.0	8.0	7.7	8.3
65 years and over (%)	6.6	4.9	8.0	3.7	3.1	4.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,275	649,640	647,635
Official languages	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890	1,276,935	641,480	635,460
English	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225	1,275,260	640,765	634,500
French	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200	96,065	45,030	51,035
Non-official languages	1,610,980	776,265	834,720	398,035	193,550	204,490
Aboriginal languages	50,890	25,190	25,700	4,990	2,095	2,895
Algonquian languages	37,515	18,545	18,965	4,185	1,695	2,495
Blackfoot	0	0	0	40	10	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	34,415	17,050	17,370	4,005	1,625	2,380
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	9,850	4,735	5,115	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	10	0	25	10	15
Naskapi	775	385	385	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	260	130	130	10	0	10
Plains Cree	10	0	0	965	360	600
Southern East Cree	35	25	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	30	15	15
Woods Cree	10	10	0	260	125	135
Cree, n.o.s.	17,175	8,600	8,575	2,720	1,110	1,610
Eastern Algonquian languages	885	460	420	10	0	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	880	460	425	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,340	1,105	1,235	170	60	110
Algonquin	2,240	1,055	1,185	0	0	0
Ojibway	105	50	50	165	60	105
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	10	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	325	135	190
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	325	130	190
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	30	10	25
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dene	10	0	10	215	80	135
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	45	20	20
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	30	20	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	15	10	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	12,595	6,270	6,330	65	30	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuktitut	12,485	6,210	6,270	30	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	115	60	60	25	20	0
Iroquoian languages	740	360	375	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	690	350	335	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	15	35	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	15	10	50	30	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	400	215	185
Dakota	10	0	0	135	75	60
Stoney	0	0	0	280	150	130
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	20	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,560,375	751,215	809,160	393,190	191,520	201,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	301,035	157,545	143,490	44,810	23,235	21,575
Berber languages	27,595	14,650	12,945	205	105	95
Kabyle	16,170	8,580	7,590	80	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	11,580	6,150	5,425	120	60	60
Cushitic languages	1,550	745	805	9,800	4,985	4,815
Bilen	35	20	10	240	140	100
Oromo	45	30	10	1,205	645	560
Somali	1,460	680	780	8,395	4,225	4,180
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	30	10	20
Semitic languages	286,625	149,970	136,660	35,985	18,775	17,210
Amharic	1,145	540	600	4,090	2,080	2,010
Arabic	267,965	140,280	127,685	28,265	14,885	13,380
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	195	95	95	70	35	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	20	20	0
Harari	0	0	0	235	95	140
Hebrew	18,035	9,490	8,540	1,460	760	700
Maltese	40	10	25	75	40	35
Tigrigna	420	195	225	3,130	1,590	1,545
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	160	85	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	810	430	380	150	90	65
Austro-Asiatic languages	46,050	21,955	24,095	12,855	6,000	6,860
Khmer (Cambodian)	11,840	5,620	6,220	1,100	530	575
Vietnamese	34,580	16,520	18,060	11,805	5,500	6,305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	31,230	11,820	19,410	53,440	23,390	30,055
Bikol	105	45	60	75	40	35
Cebuano	1,105	360	750	2,505	1,115	1,385
Fijian	15	0	10	140	85	60
Hiligaynon	540	195	350	515	215	300
Ilocano	2,500	890	1,610	2,415	1,020	1,400
Malagasy	1,980	940	1,040	15	0	10
Malay	1,210	525	690	1,240	560	680
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	95	100	525	240	285
Pangasinan	60	20	40	170	75	100
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	26,705	9,785	16,915	50,715	22,130	28,585
Waray-Waray	55	10	45	105	30	70
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	540	270	275	425	175	245
Creole languages	115,445	51,970	63,475	2,150	1,150	1,000
Haitian Creole	4,910	2,285	2,620	115	60	50
Creole, n.o.s.	108,315	48,615	59,705	1,285	710	575
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,835	1,390	1,445	765	385	385
Dravidian languages	18,710	9,495	9,210	8,940	4,710	4,230
Kannada	415	210	205	385	185	195
Malayalam	510	285	220	4,555	2,345	2,210
Tamil	17,245	8,680	8,565	3,170	1,720	1,445
Telugu	930	540	390	1,365	730	635
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	60	35	25
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	25	30	15	10
Indo-European languages	912,945	435,785	477,155	195,195	96,900	98,295
Albanian	3,375	1,730	1,645	880	490	395
Armenian	20,290	9,790	10,500	200	75	125
Balto-Slavic languages	88,425	41,725	46,700	40,105	18,935	21,170
Baltic languages	1,080	500	585	545	255	285
Latvian	335	150	185	250	120	130
Lithuanian	755	350	410	295	130	160
Slavic languages	87,520	41,315	46,205	39,780	18,780	21,000
Belarusan	365	150	215	115	60	55
Bosnian	1,975	990	985	1,135	545	590
Bulgarian	7,345	3,595	3,750	545	270	275
Croatian	3,580	1,760	1,820	2,810	1,550	1,265
Czech	2,070	975	1,095	1,045	445	600
Macedonian	285	140	145	230	110	125
Polish	17,760	8,090	9,665	11,325	5,560	5,760
Russian	46,665	22,265	24,400	9,250	4,365	4,885
Serbian	4,050	1,980	2,070	2,480	1,200	1,280
Serbo-Croatian	2,385	1,140	1,245	445	210	230
Slovak	1,520	705	820	750	400	345
Slovene (Slovenian)	970	490	480	285	135	145
Ukrainian	9,015	3,885	5,135	14,420	6,245	8,175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	75	110	60	50
Celtic languages	495	305	195	430	245	190
Scottish Gaelic	155	95	65	155	70	90
Welsh	85	45	40	100	60	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	265	175	95	190	110	75
Germanic languages	63,370	31,835	31,530	28,550	14,065	14,485
Afrikaans	415	260	150	1,220	605	615
Danish	835	410	420	775	375	405
Dutch	5,060	2,665	2,395	4,835	2,335	2,500
Frisian	15	10	0	95	60	35
German	43,475	21,950	21,530	20,990	10,505	10,490
Icelandic	140	80	60	55	20	35
Norwegian	510	255	255	450	195	260
Swedish	1,580	785	795	580	270	310
Vlaams (Flemish)	760	265	495	85	35	50
Yiddish	12,375	6,225	6,155	70	40	30
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	270	125	140	20	15	0
Greek	51,060	25,520	25,540	1,580	790	790
Indo-Iranian languages	93,655	48,040	45,615	79,030	40,725	38,305
Indo-Aryan languages	59,570	30,870	28,700	72,275	37,165	35,110
Bengali	12,870	6,610	6,260	2,815	1,485	1,330
Gujarati	7,950	3,860	4,090	7,510	3,745	3,770
Hindi	15,570	8,285	7,280	27,470	14,320	13,145
Kashmiri	45	35	15	60	30	25
Konkani	150	70	75	165	75	95
Marathi	475	240	230	845	470	375
Nepali	1,445	725	720	1,975	1,060	905
Oriya (Odia)	55	35	20	105	55	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,860	9,690	8,165	36,190	18,665	17,525
Sindhi	500	240	255	1,740	800	935
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,335	625	710	1,830	940	890
Urdu	16,545	8,655	7,890	12,275	6,370	5,910
Iranian languages	35,420	17,830	17,585	7,255	3,805	3,455
Kurdish	1,255	665	590	855	520	335
Pashto	1,825	1,005	825	810	445	370
Persian (Farsi)	32,965	16,560	16,405	5,815	2,990	2,825
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	845	425	420	475	265	210
Italic (Romance) languages	627,545	293,620	333,920	49,030	23,975	25,060
Catalan	890	525	365	75	45	35
Italian	173,710	84,430	89,275	8,390	4,190	4,200
Portuguese	55,100	27,620	27,475	6,100	3,005	3,095
Romanian	42,655	20,550	22,110	3,015	1,545	1,465
Spanish	390,355	177,610	212,745	33,180	16,040	17,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	490	345	145	90	45	50
Japanese	7,040	3,340	3,695	2,540	1,110	1,435
Kartvelian languages	220	110	110	60	25	35
Georgian	215	105	110	65	25	35
Korean	6,260	2,825	3,430	7,175	3,385	3,795
Mongolic languages	270	135	130	145	65	80
Mongolian	265	135	130	145	65	80
Niger-Congo languages	52,840	26,665	26,175	13,245	6,720	6,525
Akan (Twi)	1,800	945	855	1,435	710	725
Bamanankan	2,385	1,240	1,145	35	15	20
Edo	190	95	95	285	140	145
Ewe	1,410	865	545	155	85	70
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	3,400	1,785	1,620	160	80	80
Ga	315	155	160	195	105	95
Ganda	90	40	55	430	210	220
Igbo	275	190	90	600	330	275
Lingala	9,630	4,430	5,200	750	375	375
Rundi (Kirundi)	4,490	2,210	2,285	600	285	315
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	3,535	1,640	1,895	905	485	425
Shona	150	75	80	1,025	500	525
Swahili	8,015	4,080	3,935	3,530	1,865	1,670
Wolof	6,555	3,545	3,015	220	135	90
Yoruba	885	485	395	1,600	835	765
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	17,720	9,125	8,595	3,300	1,620	1,690
Nilo-Saharan languages	695	345	350	940	465	475
Dinka	0	0	0	570	265	305
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	695	345	350	370	200	170
Sign languages	7,775	3,095	4,675	2,730	1,055	1,675
American Sign Language	675	245	435	1,545	560	980
Quebec Sign Language	4,405	1,590	2,815	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,960	1,350	1,605	1,195	500	700
Sino-Tibetan languages	90,460	42,695	47,770	55,160	26,590	28,570
Chinese languages	90,060	42,480	47,580	54,310	26,145	28,165
Cantonese	31,885	14,900	16,980	28,755	13,710	15,040
Hakka	545	240	310	700	310	400
Mandarin	59,240	27,560	31,685	28,210	13,450	14,760
Min Dong	15	10	10	25	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,215	1,860	2,350	1,605	715	890
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,230	535	690	260	120	135
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,800	2,380	2,425	2,405	1,200	1,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	45	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	430	235	195	875	455	415
Burmese	140	75	60	240	125	110
Karenic languages	105	55	45	475	245	230
Tibetan	65	50	10	45	25	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	175	100	75
Tai-Kadai languages	7,280	3,400	3,880	1,315	525	795
Lao	5,785	2,850	2,935	580	270	310
Thai	2,255	875	1,375	830	270	560
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	10	10
Turkic languages	12,475	6,265	6,210	2,910	1,615	1,290
Azerbaijani	510	275	235	250	135	110
Turkish	11,415	5,755	5,665	2,380	1,335	1,045
Uyghur	230	110	120	145	70	75
Uzbek	230	105	125	150	75	70
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	235	115	120	70	25	40
Uralic languages	7,870	3,710	4,160	2,320	1,115	1,205
Estonian	150	55	95	40	25	15
Finnish	500	195	305	415	165	245
Hungarian	7,215	3,450	3,765	1,875	920	950
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,140	1,170	970	700	395	300
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,275	649,640	647,635
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350	1,162,900	583,130	579,770
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,521,230	779,620	741,610	264,740	135,520	129,225
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740	898,160	447,610	450,550
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	379,910	188,245	191,665	134,375	66,510	67,865
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,280	649,640	647,635
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735	960,305	484,015	476,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,091,310	530,325	560,980	308,605	150,860	157,745
Before 1981	238,655	117,080	121,575	61,135	30,555	30,580
1981 to 1990	127,340	63,150	64,190	34,055	16,640	17,415
1991 to 2000	187,860	89,210	98,650	46,805	21,960	24,845
2001 to 2010	322,280	155,785	166,495	88,085	43,340	44,750
2001 to 2005	140,170	67,835	72,335	36,515	17,855	18,665
2006 to 2010	182,115	87,945	94,165	51,570	25,480	26,085
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	215,170	105,105	110,065	78,520	38,360	40,160
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	86,065	45,765	40,295	28,370	14,770	13,600
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,091,305	530,325	560,980	308,605	150,860	157,745
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330	29,350	15,180	14,170
5 to 14 years	174,020	87,165	86,855	53,495	27,785	25,715
15 to 24 years	215,350	98,880	116,475	63,385	29,075	34,315
25 to 44 years	515,770	256,095	259,675	137,060	67,050	70,010
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640	25,310	11,775	13,535
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,091,305	530,330	560,980	308,605	150,860	157,745
Americas	247,505	113,190	134,315	31,610	15,195	16,420
Brazil	7,345	3,515	3,830	800	330	475
Colombia	25,580	11,645	13,935	2,610	1,305	1,305
El Salvador	11,120	5,500	5,615	3,055	1,550	1,500
Guyana	2,490	1,085	1,410	1,405	625	785
Haiti	80,965	35,375	45,585	540	305	240
Jamaica	4,665	2,040	2,625	2,795	1,265	1,530
Mexico	15,820	7,090	8,730	2,440	1,235	1,205
Peru	13,265	5,945	7,325	555	215	335
Trinidad and Tobago	4,075	1,840	2,240	1,630	805	830
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	25,955	12,800	13,155	8,605	4,020	4,590
Other places of birth in Americas	56,235	26,370	29,870	7,175	3,540	3,635
Europe	311,090	154,910	156,185	65,660	32,670	32,985
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,785	1,890	1,895	1,945	995	950
Croatia	2,140	1,085	1,050	1,430	770	665
France	81,225	43,490	37,735	785	345	435
Germany	9,750	4,365	5,390	7,140	3,550	3,585
Greece	18,420	9,135	9,285	655	370	285
Hungary	3,325	1,620	1,700	975	480	490
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	820	485	330	1,520	815	700
Italy	51,025	25,370	25,655	3,520	1,900	1,625
Netherlands	1,990	1,035	955	3,830	2,020	1,805
Poland	10,735	4,675	6,060	8,005	3,870	4,135
Portugal	18,985	9,185	9,800	2,575	1,265	1,305
Romania	28,695	13,695	15,005	2,335	1,185	1,150
Russian Federation	11,355	4,975	6,375	2,330	1,000	1,330
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,790	830	960	880	395	490
Ukraine	8,670	3,800	4,870	3,765	1,650	2,120
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	12,905	6,645	6,260	16,875	8,615	8,260
Other places of birth in Europe	45,500	22,630	22,870	7,100	3,440	3,660
Africa	241,410	125,250	116,165	37,200	19,240	17,955
Algeria	59,465	31,180	28,280	385	195	185
Egypt	19,490	10,290	9,200	2,055	1,155	900
Ethiopia	995	495	495	4,015	2,050	1,970
Kenya	785	355	430	1,995	1,025	975
Morocco	60,700	31,435	29,270	805	495	305
Nigeria	1,340	740	600	3,255	1,735	1,525
Somalia	580	270	310	4,585	2,255	2,335
South Africa, Republic of	865	475	385	2,250	1,070	1,180
Other places of birth in Africa	97,200	50,005	47,190	17,845	9,260	8,585
Asia	289,825	136,175	153,655	169,900	81,640	88,255
Afghanistan	7,280	3,640	3,640	1,490	770	725
Bangladesh	7,940	3,990	3,950	1,615	810	810
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,555	19,905	29,655	19,705	9,025	10,680
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,730	2,290	2,435	7,355	3,555	3,800
India	17,865	9,195	8,670	38,830	19,850	18,980
IranCensus data footnote 61	17,760	8,880	8,885	2,720	1,440	1,280
Iraq	3,735	1,960	1,775	2,100	1,140	955
Japan	1,725	395	1,330	690	195	490
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,230	1,995	2,230	4,980	2,345	2,640
Lebanon	39,135	20,800	18,340	5,055	2,755	2,295
Pakistan	10,010	5,260	4,750	8,255	4,245	4,010
Philippines	24,410	9,040	15,370	45,400	19,900	25,500
Sri Lanka	10,715	5,335	5,380	2,125	1,050	1,070
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	17,775	8,800	8,980	2,015	1,090	920
Taiwan	2,735	1,100	1,635	1,030	445	585
Viet Nam	25,440	11,765	13,675	10,425	4,865	5,555
Other places of birth in Asia	44,795	21,840	22,950	16,130	8,165	7,965
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,480	805	670	4,235	2,110	2,125
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	215,170	105,105	110,065	78,520	38,360	40,160
Americas	47,710	22,625	25,085	5,875	2,765	3,110
Brazil	3,010	1,495	1,520	270	110	160
Colombia	7,540	3,465	4,075	575	235	335
Cuba	2,565	1,260	1,315	250	115	135
Haiti	16,880	7,690	9,190	180	100	75
Jamaica	190	140	55	685	290	390
Mexico	4,210	1,955	2,255	975	505	465
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,990	2,265	1,720	1,485	680	810
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,955	935	1,020	230	90	140
Other places of birth in Americas	7,365	3,425	3,935	1,230	640	595
Europe	39,320	20,085	19,235	7,310	3,745	3,565
France	20,030	10,855	9,175	105	55	50
Germany	580	250	330	520	295	225
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	135	105	35	535	330	205
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,750	1,695	2,055	210	90	120
Romania	2,945	1,260	1,685	375	175	200
Russian Federation	1,970	865	1,105	440	165	275
Ukraine	2,460	1,110	1,350	905	415	485
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	860	565	290	1,855	1,035	820
Other places of birth in Europe	6,590	3,385	3,205	2,365	1,185	1,180
Africa	74,200	37,110	37,090	11,805	5,980	5,825
Algeria	16,380	8,060	8,320	40	15	30
Cameroon	7,550	3,705	3,845	375	180	195
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	3,370	1,655	1,715	525	250	275
Côte d'Ivoire	5,070	2,505	2,565	285	130	155
Egypt	4,360	2,260	2,095	745	410	335
Eritrea	50	30	20	990	520	475
Ethiopia	125	65	60	1,225	630	595
Morocco	13,475	6,675	6,805	245	145	100
Nigeria	540	280	260	1,565	830	735
Somalia	95	40	50	1,390	685	705
South Africa, Republic of	175	115	60	500	245	250
Tunisia	5,855	3,025	2,825	155	80	80
Other places of birth in Africa	17,155	8,690	8,470	3,760	1,865	1,895
Asia	53,595	25,070	28,525	52,810	25,490	27,315
Afghanistan	1,555	715	840	225	115	105
Bangladesh	860	455	405	555	265	290
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,705	4,805	5,895	3,685	1,650	2,030
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	120	35	80	310	110	200
India	2,960	1,555	1,405	13,565	7,090	6,475
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,505	3,545	3,960	890	475	410
Iraq	985	465	515	705	360	340
Israel	645	390	255	250	130	120
Japan	330	30	295	190	60	130
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	825	370	455	1,500	745	750
Lebanon	3,955	2,100	1,860	785	400	390
Nepal	360	165	195	1,095	580	515
Pakistan	1,815	920	895	1,980	990	990
Philippines	5,635	2,345	3,290	21,500	9,800	11,705
Saudi Arabia	435	210	225	375	215	165
Sri Lanka	860	380	480	760	365	395
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	7,455	3,740	3,715	1,390	745	650
Taiwan	170	60	105	130	40	85
Turkey	585	300	285	220	135	85
United Arab Emirates	300	160	145	310	170	140
Viet Nam	1,505	560	945	760	295	465
Other places of birth in Asia	4,025	1,765	2,265	1,635	750	885
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	345	215	135	725	380	345
Australia	190	120	70	270	145	130
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	155	95	65	445	235	215
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,275	649,640	647,635
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,204,895	590,175	614,720	343,870	169,145	174,730
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	792,085	399,535	392,550	256,420	128,705	127,720
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745	696,980	351,795	345,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	867,685	420,465	447,220	252,335	122,790	129,540
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	469,015	243,915	225,100	135,795	68,725	67,070
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	224,720	137,975	86,745	55,155	34,145	21,010
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	244,300	105,945	138,360	80,640	34,580	46,055
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	241,225	96,130	145,095	72,525	30,020	42,510
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	146,295	75,100	71,195	42,345	23,175	19,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,150	5,320	5,825	1,665	875	790
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010	1,297,275	649,640	647,635
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	182,885	91,890	90,995	76,205	36,170	40,035
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	175,960	88,635	87,325	74,435	35,370	39,065
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	92,655	45,510	47,145	33,885	15,790	18,100
Métis	69,365	36,260	33,100	39,435	19,000	20,435
Inuk (Inuit)	13,940	6,865	7,075	1,110	580	530
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	2,760	1,330	1,430	1,075	500	570
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	4,170	1,930	2,245	700	295	400
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015	1,221,075	613,475	607,600
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,280	649,645	647,635
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	77,490	38,580	38,915	29,615	13,585	16,030
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100	1,267,670	636,060	631,605
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,280	649,640	647,635
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	118,780	58,535	60,245	23,305	10,870	12,430
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	115,480	56,930	58,550	22,255	10,400	11,860
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	87,700	42,730	44,965	15,970	7,440	8,535
Métis single ancestry	17,585	9,225	8,360	6,005	2,830	3,175
Inuit single ancestry	10,200	4,980	5,220	280	130	150
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	3,300	1,605	1,700	1,045	475	570
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	2,220	1,115	1,105	960	430	535
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	995	455	540	50	25	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	10	15	10	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	240,650	113,905	126,740	66,565	32,100	34,460
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	235,365	111,205	124,165	63,030	30,555	32,475
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	193,625	90,650	102,975	34,275	16,480	17,800
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	37,080	18,320	18,760	27,760	13,530	14,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,660	2,230	2,425	990	550	440
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	5,280	2,700	2,575	3,535	1,545	1,990
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,040	2,105	1,940	3,275	1,425	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	475	515	140	70	70
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	110	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030	1,207,410	606,670	600,745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015	1,297,280	649,640	647,635
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,032,365	505,180	527,185	363,990	180,610	183,380
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	90,335	46,750	43,585	91,420	47,190	44,225
Chinese	99,505	44,370	55,135	60,200	29,265	30,935
Black	319,230	154,110	165,120	57,820	29,685	28,135
Filipino	34,910	14,275	20,635	61,040	27,535	33,505
Latin American	133,920	64,655	69,260	18,755	9,525	9,230
Arab	213,740	113,420	100,320	25,505	13,610	11,895
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	62,820	29,960	32,865	17,270	8,265	9,005
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	32,405	16,200	16,210	6,750	3,480	3,270
Korean	8,055	3,865	4,190	7,585	3,635	3,955
Japanese	4,570	1,755	2,820	2,470	975	1,495
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	9,840	4,670	5,175	4,045	1,910	2,135
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	23,045	11,160	11,885	11,125	5,525	5,600
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830	933,290	469,030	464,260
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010	1,297,275	649,645	647,635
North American Aboriginal origins	359,430	172,440	186,985	89,865	42,970	46,895
First Nations (North American Indian)	289,610	137,550	152,065	54,695	25,870	28,825
Inuit	17,175	8,300	8,880	1,615	845	770
Métis	61,260	30,915	30,345	38,155	18,280	19,880
Other North American origins	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605	281,765	143,450	138,315
Acadian	34,785	16,440	18,345	1,910	1,090	820
American	45,050	21,470	23,580	20,005	9,660	10,345
Canadian	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555	266,440	135,735	130,705
New Brunswicker	750	370	380	20	20	0
Newfoundlander	570	280	295	565	310	250
Nova Scotian	365	155	215	80	50	30
Ontarian	1,345	660	685	10	0	0
Québécois	184,005	93,895	90,110	495	285	215
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	205	110	100	85	40	45
European origins	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825	814,405	406,030	408,380
British Isles origins	745,715	360,135	385,575	470,485	234,925	235,555
Channel Islander	1,440	725	720	65	20	45
Cornish	70	35	40	75	50	25
English	228,520	111,855	116,670	258,295	127,740	130,555
Irish	446,215	211,545	234,665	186,105	90,320	95,785
Manx	200	105	95	280	130	145
Scottish	215,030	103,395	111,635	208,460	103,215	105,240
Welsh	10,765	5,075	5,690	24,790	12,010	12,775
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	32,525	15,440	17,080	28,175	13,745	14,435
French origins	1,878,795	941,770	937,025	143,085	69,595	73,490
Alsatian	1,050	520	525	80	45	35
Breton	11,140	5,410	5,725	35	20	15
Corsican	1,270	690	580	90	50	35
French	1,870,545	937,665	932,875	142,950	69,515	73,435
Western European origins (except French origins)	244,380	119,115	125,260	274,300	135,385	138,915
Austrian	12,710	6,285	6,430	13,765	6,545	7,220
Bavarian	40	30	20	40	20	20
Belgian	51,340	25,295	26,050	7,040	3,405	3,630
Dutch	26,000	12,805	13,190	57,535	28,305	29,235
Flemish	1,345	660	685	730	310	420
Frisian	15	20	0	145	90	55
German	142,225	68,250	73,975	213,115	105,050	108,065
Luxembourger	910	445	460	210	110	95
Swiss	24,500	12,615	11,885	6,240	3,200	3,035
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	80	50	175	70	105
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,460	12,490	12,975	93,665	45,000	48,665
Danish	5,700	2,815	2,885	15,725	7,525	8,205
Finnish	3,130	1,430	1,700	5,355	2,665	2,695
Icelandic	955	480	470	5,355	2,755	2,595
Norwegian	7,820	3,835	3,985	43,520	20,850	22,670
Swedish	6,840	3,275	3,565	29,400	13,435	15,965
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	2,500	1,265	1,230	4,205	2,090	2,120
Eastern European origins	249,940	121,660	128,285	253,740	123,005	130,740
Bulgarian	9,570	4,675	4,895	905	460	440
Byelorussian	2,530	1,235	1,295	1,060	580	485
Czech	6,295	2,965	3,330	6,110	3,020	3,085
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,150	1,100	1,050	2,990	1,450	1,545
Estonian	890	460	435	675	310	360
Hungarian	28,280	13,970	14,310	14,510	7,070	7,440
Latvian	1,740	835	905	1,230	565	660
Lithuanian	6,630	3,320	3,305	2,035	1,010	1,025
Moldovan	7,620	3,710	3,900	380	170	205
Polish	79,040	38,705	40,335	72,795	35,335	37,460
Romanian	53,060	25,935	27,125	11,610	5,655	5,955
Russian	55,230	26,405	28,830	28,275	13,425	14,850
Slovak	4,770	2,375	2,395	3,225	1,515	1,710
Ukrainian	42,550	20,575	21,975	159,940	77,335	82,610
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,900	1,505	1,400	615	320	295
Southern European origins	549,750	273,670	276,080	77,085	38,665	38,420
Albanian	3,760	1,950	1,805	805	445	360
Bosnian	2,970	1,485	1,490	1,540	770	765
Catalan	735	395	340	35	30	10
Croatian	6,745	3,375	3,370	5,265	2,900	2,365
Cypriot	480	240	245	65	40	25
Greek	71,330	36,235	35,090	5,015	2,585	2,435
Italian	326,700	162,650	164,045	33,800	17,180	16,620
Kosovar	505	295	210	175	85	85
Macedonian	775	400	370	405	205	200
Maltese	1,220	615	610	485	260	225
Montenegrin	450	250	200	105	70	40
Portuguese	69,805	34,825	34,980	10,710	5,460	5,255
Serbian	5,950	2,915	3,040	3,415	1,665	1,745
Sicilian	1,435	710	725	90	45	50
Slovenian	2,510	1,225	1,280	1,380	725	655
Spanish	85,360	41,745	43,615	16,615	7,625	8,985
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,270	1,595	1,670	1,685	830	860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	300	155	145	60	35	25
Other European origins	38,670	19,875	18,800	7,305	3,870	3,440
Basque	3,620	1,930	1,690	125	55	70
Jewish	25,235	12,955	12,280	3,695	2,010	1,685
Roma (Gypsy)	475	270	205	110	55	60
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	360	180	185	290	140	150
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	9,215	4,690	4,530	3,125	1,630	1,500
Caribbean origins	201,625	93,935	107,690	15,250	7,600	7,645
Antiguan	380	170	205	130	65	60
Bahamian	430	205	225	100	70	35
Barbadian	5,570	2,585	2,985	860	425	440
Bermudan	115	50	65	45	30	15
Carib	405	150	255	50	25	25
Cuban	9,830	4,800	5,035	970	520	450
Dominican	11,560	5,320	6,235	360	185	180
Grenadian	1,965	790	1,175	345	185	160
Guadeloupean	1,010	475	535	0	0	0
Haitian	143,165	66,245	76,925	880	505	380
Jamaican	14,100	6,785	7,315	7,465	3,670	3,790
Kittitian/Nevisian	360	200	160	25	10	20
Martinican	1,775	820	950	0	10	0
Montserratan	240	140	105	15	0	20
Puerto Rican	530	270	255	100	45	55
St. Lucian	860	450	405	230	120	115
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,585	2,925	3,660	2,470	1,275	1,200
Vincentian/Grenadinian	4,020	1,695	2,325	140	50	90
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,635	2,610	3,025	1,105	525	585
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	4,195	1,995	2,205	920	450	475
Latin, Central and South American origins	167,275	81,215	86,065	24,505	12,245	12,260
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,100	2,885	3,210	765	335	430
Arawak	180	60	120	10	15	0
Argentinian	4,950	2,490	2,460	385	220	170
Belizean	80	40	40	55	35	20
Bolivian	1,730	815	915	85	40	45
Brazilian	8,345	4,075	4,275	965	460	505
Chilean	14,060	7,055	7,005	3,930	1,965	1,965
Colombian	33,965	15,915	18,050	3,565	1,755	1,805
Costa Rican	1,180	570	610	150	75	75
Ecuadorian	2,720	1,255	1,470	295	145	150
Guatemalan	10,175	5,380	4,795	700	370	325
Guyanese	3,670	1,810	1,860	1,605	770	835
Hispanic	1,155	570	585	755	390	365
Honduran	4,335	2,135	2,200	180	110	70
Maya	1,670	935	735	235	110	120
Mexican	26,930	13,185	13,745	5,105	2,650	2,455
Nicaraguan	2,805	1,360	1,445	510	265	245
Panamanian	1,460	755	710	105	50	50
Paraguayan	365	155	205	25	20	10
Peruvian	19,735	9,240	10,495	865	420	445
Salvadorean	19,200	9,535	9,665	3,980	2,000	1,975
Uruguayan	1,755	815	940	135	85	50
Venezuelan	7,475	3,430	4,045	715	330	385
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,845	2,965	2,880	1,080	550	530
African origins	382,665	196,910	185,755	59,335	30,555	28,780
Central and West African origins	86,695	44,720	41,975	12,935	6,815	6,115
Akan	630	325	310	25	20	0
Angolan	875	425	450	125	75	45
Ashanti	120	90	35	35	20	15
Beninese	4,125	2,220	1,915	40	25	15
Burkinabe	2,465	1,325	1,145	75	40	30
Cameroonian	17,095	8,635	8,465	780	390	395
Chadian	1,045	525	520	10	10	0
Congolese	20,210	9,960	10,250	2,270	1,195	1,080
Edo	110	60	45	210	125	80
Ewe	460	265	200	55	30	25
Gabonese	1,165	545	620	10	0	0
Gambian	150	95	55	35	25	10
Ghanaian	3,235	1,660	1,575	2,110	1,100	1,010
Guinean	5,255	2,765	2,485	285	155	135
Ibo	185	95	95	385	215	170
Ivorian	8,545	4,350	4,200	405	215	190
Liberian	150	60	90	650	310	340
Malian	3,535	1,755	1,775	35	15	15
Malinké	635	340	295	70	40	35
Nigerian	2,820	1,510	1,310	3,570	1,850	1,715
Peulh	2,110	1,080	1,030	60	40	20
Senegalese	8,250	4,420	3,835	250	155	90
Sierra Leonean	110	55	55	470	250	225
Togolese	4,080	2,210	1,870	50	20	30
Wolof	660	390	270	20	15	10
Yoruba	460	225	235	830	425	405
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	6,955	3,690	3,275	875	500	380
North African origins	225,125	117,725	107,410	9,235	4,840	4,395
Algerian	60,375	31,185	29,190	500	225	270
Berber	33,825	17,840	15,985	235	150	85
Coptic	685	385	305	95	45	50
Dinka	15	10	10	200	105	95
Egyptian	29,400	15,295	14,100	3,355	1,775	1,585
Libyan	1,075	590	485	595	305	290
Maure	530	290	240	35	20	15
Moroccan	85,940	44,520	41,420	1,195	645	550
Sudanese	370	220	150	2,745	1,450	1,295
Tunisian	21,475	11,775	9,695	375	180	195
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	3,340	1,845	1,490	240	115	120
Southern and East African origins	28,925	14,225	14,705	27,410	14,115	13,290
Afrikaner	115	75	40	80	50	35
Amhara	65	30	35	185	95	90
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,905	1,040	870	410	235	185
Burundian	6,015	2,945	3,070	695	380	315
Djiboutian	450	205	245	155	85	70
Eritrean	580	290	290	3,475	1,790	1,690
Ethiopian	1,575	785	785	5,330	2,675	2,660
Harari	20	10	10	115	60	55
Kenyan	530	270	260	970	505	465
Malagasy	3,735	1,815	1,920	50	35	15
Mauritian	3,695	1,735	1,960	205	105	95
Oromo	20	15	10	560	350	205
Rwandan	5,130	2,445	2,685	1,125	600	530
Seychellois	775	345	425	10	10	0
Somali	1,785	865	915	9,800	4,995	4,810
South African	900	490	420	1,770	890	880
Tanzanian	325	190	140	470	300	170
Tigrian	95	35	55	255	130	125
Ugandan	290	135	160	650	355	295
Zambian	45	20	25	100	50	45
Zimbabwean	300	150	145	1,380	690	690
Zulu	70	35	35	170	80	95
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,790	915	875	1,510	770	740
Other African origins	46,805	22,845	23,965	10,980	5,470	5,515
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,800	1,845	1,950	1,220	615	610
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	43,785	21,415	22,370	9,945	4,950	4,995
Asian origins	563,150	275,170	287,980	288,745	142,015	146,725
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240,795	123,985	116,810	40,215	21,110	19,105
Afghan	10,945	5,550	5,395	2,490	1,310	1,175
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,875	23,680	21,195	4,420	2,405	2,015
Armenian	27,380	13,515	13,865	620	310	310
Assyrian	370	205	165	160	70	90
Azerbaijani	555	295	255	295	150	150
Georgian	635	295	345	120	60	60
Hazara	385	190	200	100	55	45
Iranian	25,530	12,845	12,685	4,630	2,375	2,255
Iraqi	5,520	2,780	2,740	2,065	1,085	980
Israeli	6,060	3,235	2,830	705	360	345
Jordanian	1,610	840	770	635	320	320
Kazakh	620	295	325	110	50	60
Kurd	2,135	1,180	960	1,060	600	470
Kuwaiti	95	50	50	120	60	60
Kyrgyz	260	140	120	25	20	15
Lebanese	78,140	40,695	37,450	15,110	7,835	7,280
Palestinian	6,865	3,520	3,345	2,900	1,610	1,295
Pashtun	515	280	235	235	105	130
Saudi Arabian	645	390	255	195	100	95
Syrian	27,465	13,845	13,620	3,015	1,540	1,470
Tajik	390	180	210	70	45	25
Tatar	910	430	485	135	55	80
Turk	15,060	7,520	7,545	2,750	1,520	1,225
Turkmen	65	45	25	45	15	35
Uighur	375	185	190	95	50	50
Uzbek	465	210	255	175	85	90
Yemeni	805	450	355	255	135	120
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,465	1,385	1,075	885	495	390
South Asian origins	95,670	48,925	46,745	91,595	47,185	44,410
Bangladeshi	7,075	3,625	3,450	1,450	715	730
Bengali	4,125	2,035	2,090	615	340	270
Bhutanese	420	205	215	75	45	30
East Indian	51,650	26,505	25,140	72,245	37,095	35,155
Goan	210	105	110	80	45	40
Gujarati	420	205	215	485	255	230
Kashmiri	260	155	105	105	55	50
Nepali	930	460	470	1,840	995	845
Pakistani	13,535	7,000	6,535	8,380	4,325	4,050
Punjabi	2,970	1,675	1,295	6,270	3,320	2,950
Sinhalese	310	135	175	270	155	120
Sri Lankan	14,750	7,300	7,450	2,325	1,180	1,145
Tamil	3,100	1,610	1,495	480	250	230
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,135	1,190	945	1,945	1,010	935
East and Southeast Asian origins	229,985	103,805	126,180	158,420	74,450	83,975
Burmese	530	270	255	450	235	215
Cambodian (Khmer)	15,345	7,360	7,985	1,570	805	765
Chinese	121,445	54,595	66,850	71,950	34,655	37,290
Filipino	37,910	15,590	22,320	64,275	29,125	35,145
Hmong	35	10	20	0	0	0
Indonesian	1,320	570	755	950	455	500
Japanese	6,495	2,615	3,875	3,635	1,560	2,075
Karen	95	55	40	395	220	175
Korean	8,740	4,155	4,580	7,985	3,820	4,165
Laotian	7,625	3,860	3,770	760	390	370
Malaysian	645	300	340	1,465	670	795
Mongolian	960	470	485	350	155	190
Singaporean	105	65	40	150	70	85
Taiwanese	2,205	940	1,265	660	285	370
Thai	2,695	1,065	1,635	1,040	375	665
Tibetan	80	45	30	45	20	20
Vietnamese	43,080	20,790	22,290	14,180	6,825	7,355
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	275	125	155	365	190	180
Other Asian origins	1,765	905	865	940	505	435
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,770	905	860	940	505	435
Oceania origins	3,250	1,730	1,515	4,945	2,550	2,395
Australian	2,055	1,125	935	1,930	1,015	915
New Zealander	490	245	245	700	385	320
Pacific Islands origins	785	410	380	2,435	1,215	1,210
Fijian	70	25	40	1,910	935	980
Hawaiian	60	40	20	150	75	75
Maori	90	55	35	195	105	95
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	290	145	145	55	25	30
Samoan	15	15	0	65	40	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	295	155	145	70	50	20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	3,531,665	...	...	502,140	...	...
Owner	2,163,735	...	...	349,570	...	...
Renter	1,362,010	...	...	151,715	...	...
Band housing	5,915	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	3,531,660	...	...	502,140	...	...
Condominium	413,325	...	...	99,590	...	...
Not condominium	3,118,340	...	...	402,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
No bedrooms	23,725	...	...	2,620	...	...
1 bedroom	573,370	...	...	56,215	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100,310	...	...	107,655	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,157,300	...	...	177,400	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	676,955	...	...	158,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	3,531,665	...	...	502,140	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,258,215	...	...	136,440	...	...
5 rooms	620,935	...	...	76,945	...	...
6 rooms	432,090	...	...	71,095	...	...
7 rooms	403,255	...	...	63,325	...	...
8 or more rooms	817,165	...	...	154,335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	3,531,665	...	...	502,140	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,492,135	...	...	490,225	...	...
More than 1 person per room	39,530	...	...	11,920	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	3,531,660	...	...	502,145	...	...
Suitable	3,398,910	...	...	475,230	...	...
Not suitable	132,755	...	...	26,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	3,531,660	...	...	502,140	...	...
1960 or before	894,495	...	...	61,495	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,116,760	...	...	154,035	...	...
1981 to 1990	503,495	...	...	61,040	...	...
1991 to 2000	369,020	...	...	59,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	196,830	...	...	48,010	...	...
2006 to 2010	241,545	...	...	56,935	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	209,515	...	...	61,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,304,625	...	...	474,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	227,040	...	...	27,145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	3,531,665	...	...	502,145	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,221,970	...	...	283,590	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,264,195	...	...	200,230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,500	...	...	18,325	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	3,531,665	...	...	502,140	...	...
15 to 24 years	119,495	...	...	19,675	...	...
25 to 34 years	498,070	...	...	97,235	...	...
35 to 44 years	603,840	...	...	100,380	...	...
45 to 54 years	682,290	...	...	99,730	...	...
55 to 64 years	731,390	...	...	92,595	...	...
65 to 74 years	541,630	...	...	54,365	...	...
75 to 84 years	270,280	...	...	28,390	...	...
85 years and over	84,680	...	...	9,770	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	3,496,460	...	...	496,585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,763,105	...	...	387,815	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	733,355	...	...	108,775	...	...
30% to less than 100%	647,975	...	...	94,785	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,141,690	...	...	347,170	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.9	...	...	65.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	12.9	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	983	...	...	1,536	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,085	...	...	1,557	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	250,302	...	...	399,932	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	290,484	...	...	437,490	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,358,265	...	...	151,505	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	9.3	...	...	10.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	33.7	...	...	37.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	720	...	...	1,255	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	775	...	...	1,292	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,054,635	525,710	528,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,323,070	674,955	648,115	162,415	82,715	79,705
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,426,980	674,820	752,155	296,125	144,470	151,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970	596,095	298,520	297,575
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120,730	681,515	439,215	103,870	83,440	20,430
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	806,585	435,090	371,495	29,165	17,740	11,425
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	314,145	246,425	67,720	74,705	65,700	9,005
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165,515	506,775	658,740	202,550	84,840	117,715
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	236,255	93,680	142,575	34,070	13,495	20,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,361,730	628,290	733,440	255,600	116,750	138,855
Bachelor's degree	872,060	384,275	487,790	177,180	76,745	100,435
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	118,955	54,255	64,695	13,930	6,305	7,620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	39,045	19,865	19,185	8,040	4,340	3,700
Master's degree	281,215	139,280	141,935	45,920	22,680	23,235
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	50,455	30,615	19,840	10,530	6,675	3,860
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125	740,785	370,915	369,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	580,635	323,880	256,750	72,085	38,880	33,205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	808,955	396,620	412,330	183,730	90,805	92,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040	484,970	241,230	243,740
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	866,595	513,575	353,015	80,535	65,610	14,925
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	631,795	330,140	301,655	21,390	13,445	7,945
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	234,800	183,440	51,360	59,145	52,170	6,980
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	832,430	367,185	465,245	164,175	69,180	94,995
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	167,025	67,530	99,495	26,440	10,600	15,840
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,116,300	499,010	617,290	213,820	95,840	117,975
Bachelor's degree	712,935	308,760	404,175	147,835	63,430	84,415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	94,240	40,085	54,160	10,820	4,765	6,055
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30,775	13,505	17,270	6,830	3,455	3,380
Master's degree	238,300	113,895	124,410	40,020	19,145	20,870
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	40,050	22,780	17,270	8,310	5,045	3,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,054,635	525,705	528,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270	458,540	227,185	231,355
Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	42,040	10,665	31,375
13. Education	273,320	62,470	210,845	42,040	10,665	31,375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	156,720	71,485	85,240	17,060	7,440	9,620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25,380	18,280	7,100	3,285	2,265	1,020
50. Visual and performing arts	131,340	53,200	78,140	13,775	5,170	8,605
Humanities	215,735	86,065	129,675	24,105	10,000	14,105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	32,180	7,165	25,020	2,735	780	1,950
23. English language and literature/letters	12,900	4,060	8,835	5,155	1,615	3,540
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	103,120	42,685	60,435	7,475	2,785	4,685
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	880	395	485	70	30	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10,400	6,650	3,755	1,700	1,010	695
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,125	6,200	3,930	3,435	1,985	1,450
54. History	17,055	9,990	7,065	2,960	1,660	1,300
55. French language and literature/letters	29,070	8,920	20,155	570	125	445
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380,995	125,025	255,975	54,230	18,015	36,220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	1,165	3,150	915	205	710
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	48,530	16,690	31,845	5,335	2,245	3,090
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	77,470	6,070	71,400	9,450	780	8,670
22. Legal professions and studies	67,185	25,785	41,395	10,115	3,330	6,780
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	9,905	2,035	7,870	735	245	490
42. Psychology	57,335	14,030	43,305	10,485	2,965	7,520
45. Social sciences	116,255	59,245	57,015	17,200	8,235	8,965
Business, management and public administration	879,190	321,450	557,740	118,570	44,930	73,635
30.16 Accounting and computer science	815	300	520	205	50	155
44. Public administration and social service professions	47,715	10,490	37,225	7,015	1,480	5,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830,660	310,665	519,990	111,345	43,400	67,945
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140,990	76,780	64,215	25,940	13,130	12,810
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	49,705	20,900	28,805	10,150	4,455	5,695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	23,210	13,865	9,350	6,230	2,785	3,445
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	21,890	10,810	11,080	150	30	125
40. Physical sciences	39,060	27,545	11,515	7,395	4,940	2,455
41. Science technologies/technicians	7,120	3,660	3,465	2,020	925	1,095
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,105	104,850	47,255	21,510	13,205	8,310
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125,480	92,730	32,750	16,990	11,335	5,655
25. Library science	11,110	2,145	8,965	1,800	240	1,560
27. Mathematics and statistics	13,415	8,365	5,045	2,580	1,535	1,040
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,100	1,605	495	140	90	50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	828,400	758,350	70,055	156,555	141,770	14,780
04. Architecture and related services	29,015	17,055	11,960	4,030	2,625	1,405
14. Engineering	150,450	124,585	25,865	34,315	28,075	6,240
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150,640	135,445	15,195	29,350	25,640	3,715
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	60	20	40	0	10	0
46. Construction trades	185,385	179,995	5,390	37,095	35,600	1,495
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	184,280	178,510	5,770	30,880	29,865	1,020
48. Precision production	128,580	122,750	5,830	20,865	19,955	905
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85,485	56,900	28,585	10,570	6,240	4,330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	51,770	30,870	20,900	6,610	3,775	2,835
03. Natural resources and conservation	33,715	26,025	7,690	3,965	2,470	1,495
Health and related fields	480,230	95,450	384,780	95,025	18,455	76,570
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,955	14,675	13,280	5,925	2,765	3,165
51. Health professions and related programs	441,105	74,630	366,470	86,480	14,205	72,275
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,160	6,140	5,020	2,615	1,480	1,130
Personal, protective and transportation services	290,005	151,070	138,935	30,435	14,650	15,785
12. Personal and culinary services	164,595	43,720	120,875	18,035	4,965	13,075
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	290	270	20	55	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,345	1,245	100	330	290	35
43. Security and protective services	54,625	42,415	12,210	6,475	4,215	2,260
49. Transportation and materials moving	69,160	63,425	5,740	5,540	5,130	410
Other	1,055	375	680	55	25	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,055	375	675	50	25	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130	740,780	370,915	369,870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,389,585	720,500	669,085	255,815	129,685	126,135
Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	31,215	7,400	23,815
13. Education	180,615	37,990	142,625	31,215	7,405	23,815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	122,045	55,575	66,475	13,730	5,940	7,790
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	19,510	13,740	5,770	2,495	1,715	780
50. Visual and performing arts	102,535	41,830	60,705	11,235	4,225	7,010
Humanities	138,330	54,580	83,750	19,490	7,945	11,545
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25,220	5,455	19,765	2,290	635	1,650
23. English language and literature/letters	9,585	2,990	6,595	4,170	1,285	2,890
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,730	25,305	32,430	6,245	2,295	3,950
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	600	255	350	60	35	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,980	4,415	2,570	1,390	825	565
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,415	3,380	2,035	2,600	1,520	1,080
54. History	12,235	7,140	5,095	2,315	1,270	1,045
55. French language and literature/letters	20,555	5,640	14,915	420	80	345
Social and behavioural sciences and law	301,550	95,120	206,430	45,730	14,795	30,930
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,550	925	2,620	780	180	600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40,275	13,900	26,370	4,630	1,890	2,740
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	63,120	4,295	58,825	7,800	640	7,155
22. Legal professions and studies	53,620	18,830	34,790	8,790	2,600	6,185
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,840	1,420	5,420	595	210	385
42. Psychology	44,540	10,255	34,285	8,495	2,340	6,155
45. Social sciences	89,610	45,495	44,110	14,640	6,935	7,710
Business, management and public administration	706,400	248,920	457,480	98,730	37,190	61,545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	615	215	400	170	45	130
44. Public administration and social service professions	38,320	7,835	30,485	5,830	1,140	4,695
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	667,470	240,870	426,600	92,725	36,005	56,715
Physical and life sciences and technologies	92,480	49,390	43,090	20,295	9,960	10,340
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40,895	16,635	24,260	8,055	3,435	4,615
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	12,450	7,435	5,015	4,680	2,095	2,585
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,175	2,385	1,785	145	30	115
40. Physical sciences	29,705	20,255	9,445	5,870	3,750	2,125
41. Science technologies/technicians	5,255	2,675	2,580	1,550	650	900
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	132,750	91,865	40,885	18,885	11,655	7,230
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	112,715	83,240	29,470	15,355	10,245	5,110
25. Library science	8,720	1,665	7,055	1,425	210	1,215
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,725	5,815	3,915	1,995	1,135	860
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,585	1,150	440	110	65	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	639,185	577,845	61,335	127,385	114,505	12,880
04. Architecture and related services	24,260	13,870	10,385	3,260	2,030	1,225
14. Engineering	126,835	103,165	23,665	29,255	23,700	5,555
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	116,595	103,710	12,885	24,015	20,880	3,130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	50	15	30	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	134,865	130,350	4,510	29,955	28,640	1,315
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	139,935	135,155	4,780	24,245	23,375	865
48. Precision production	96,655	91,580	5,075	16,645	15,870	780
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	69,865	45,215	24,655	8,400	4,735	3,665
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	41,755	23,965	17,795	5,045	2,665	2,380
03. Natural resources and conservation	28,110	21,250	6,860	3,355	2,070	1,285
Health and related fields	368,600	72,245	296,355	76,660	15,130	61,525
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	22,660	11,635	11,030	4,850	2,295	2,560
51. Health professions and related programs	337,320	56,510	280,810	69,575	11,640	57,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	8,620	4,110	4,510	2,225	1,200	1,030
Personal, protective and transportation services	229,640	118,260	111,375	24,390	11,950	12,440
12. Personal and culinary services	129,245	32,830	96,410	14,135	3,965	10,170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	225	200	25	50	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	875	795	80	220	190	30
43. Security and protective services	42,550	32,575	9,975	5,420	3,485	1,935
49. Transportation and materials moving	56,750	51,860	4,890	4,570	4,270	305
Other	890	300	595	50	25	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	890	300	595	45	25	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240	1,054,635	525,705	528,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270	458,540	227,185	231,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970	596,095	298,520	297,575
Location of study inside Canada	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880	477,930	240,810	237,115
Same as province or territory of residence	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270	380,965	191,425	189,545
Different than province or territory of residence	142,415	73,800	68,610	96,965	49,390	47,570
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	374,620	193,530	181,090	118,165	57,705	60,455
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	28,320	16,915	11,410	11,960	6,745	5,215
Philippines	12,515	3,600	8,920	25,475	9,885	15,595
India	6,805	3,660	3,150	18,420	9,370	9,050
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	11,250	6,535	4,715	8,030	4,605	3,425
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	17,155	7,755	9,395	6,160	2,845	3,315
France	69,665	39,885	29,780	635	390	245
Other	228,905	115,185	113,725	47,485	23,870	23,615
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130	740,785	370,915	369,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,389,590	720,505	669,085	255,815	129,685	126,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045	484,970	241,235	243,740
Location of study inside Canada	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780	384,550	193,175	191,375
Same as province or territory of residence	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280	306,030	153,440	152,590
Different than province or territory of residence	108,630	55,125	53,500	78,520	39,735	38,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	306,115	153,850	152,265	100,415	48,055	52,365
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	19,655	11,145	8,505	9,090	4,940	4,150
Philippines	10,545	2,935	7,610	23,515	9,035	14,480
India	4,865	2,465	2,400	16,310	8,160	8,155
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,390	4,245	3,145	5,440	3,145	2,290
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,420	6,865	8,550	5,375	2,460	2,915
France	57,315	32,115	25,205	545	340	210
Other	190,930	94,085	96,850	40,140	19,980	20,155
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245	1,054,635	525,705	528,925
In the labour force	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	758,275	404,870	353,405
Employed	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	694,180	366,460	327,720
Unemployed	306,170	177,630	128,540	64,095	38,410	25,685
Not in the labour force	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480	296,360	120,840	175,520
Participation rate	64.1	67.9	60.5	71.9	77.0	66.8
Employment rate	59.5	62.5	56.7	65.8	69.7	62.0
Unemployment rate	7.2	8.0	6.3	8.5	9.5	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240	1,054,635	525,705	528,925
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655	268,045	107,575	160,475
Worked	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585	786,590	418,135	368,450
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215	393,220	227,110	166,105
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375	393,370	191,025	202,350
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	42.6	43.2	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	758,275	404,870	353,405
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,485	51,640	49,850	12,920	6,000	6,925
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915	745,355	398,870	346,480
Employee	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185	670,650	351,165	319,480
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	489,090	299,355	189,730	74,705	47,705	27,000
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765	758,275	404,870	353,405
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,640	49,850	12,920	6,000	6,925
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	745,350	398,870	346,485
0 Management occupations	418,450	263,585	154,875	79,110	49,495	29,615
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	677,390	210,525	466,865	119,055	32,820	86,240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	286,270	222,375	63,895	54,915	42,995	11,915
3 Health occupations	295,765	57,160	238,610	54,335	10,670	43,665
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	502,945	147,145	355,795	81,095	28,600	52,500
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135,730	64,370	71,365	17,250	7,055	10,200
6 Sales and service occupations	988,610	449,820	538,790	164,390	69,385	95,000
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	574,675	544,100	30,570	139,610	129,225	10,380
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	67,290	55,610	11,685	13,810	11,465	2,345
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	206,875	148,405	58,475	21,780	17,150	4,630
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765	758,275	404,870	353,405
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	101,490	51,635	49,850	12,925	6,000	6,925
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915	745,355	398,875	346,480
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	84,060	60,460	23,595	6,140	3,825	2,315
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20,920	18,175	2,745	23,275	19,375	3,900
22 Utilities	28,410	20,650	7,755	7,640	5,400	2,240
23 Construction	254,055	223,770	30,285	87,770	74,375	13,395
31-33 Manufacturing	458,315	332,080	126,240	46,065	34,945	11,120
41 Wholesale trade	157,365	104,885	52,475	30,595	21,815	8,780
44-45 Retail trade	508,170	239,625	268,545	83,675	38,190	45,485
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	187,550	142,550	45,000	35,665	26,840	8,825
51 Information and cultural industries	100,775	59,705	41,070	10,990	6,230	4,765
52 Finance and insurance	165,140	66,175	98,965	24,535	8,680	15,855
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	61,380	36,505	24,875	14,430	8,040	6,385
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	288,715	161,030	127,685	51,895	29,365	22,530
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,305	1,270	2,035	1,055	440	620
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	176,185	108,280	67,905	28,485	16,315	12,165
61 Educational services	306,575	96,170	210,405	51,880	17,080	34,800
62 Health care and social assistance	532,680	99,380	433,295	86,630	15,285	71,345
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	84,130	44,235	39,895	13,850	6,715	7,135
72 Accommodation and food services	278,500	123,235	155,265	51,725	21,470	30,260
81 Other services (except public administration)	193,700	89,455	104,245	35,540	16,895	18,640
91 Public administration	264,085	135,455	128,630	53,500	27,585	25,915
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220	694,180	366,460	327,715
Worked at home	266,285	134,325	131,960	38,740	17,320	21,420
Worked outside Canada	10,600	7,580	3,020	1,690	1,180	510
No fixed workplace address	351,595	265,405	86,185	99,085	75,810	23,275
Worked at usual place	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050	554,660	272,150	282,510
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050	554,660	272,150	282,510
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,732,155	810,895	921,260	392,970	178,960	214,020
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485,450	234,700	250,750	145,375	81,620	63,755
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,037,125	549,095	488,030	13,920	10,020	3,900
Commute to a different province or territory	66,125	35,110	31,015	2,390	1,550	840
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240	653,745	347,955	305,785
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625	506,530	284,410	222,120
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	133,760	51,045	82,715	33,305	12,850	20,450
Public transit	503,285	217,465	285,820	73,660	30,030	43,625
Walked	205,350	93,595	111,760	24,170	10,400	13,770
Bicycle	54,625	36,470	18,155	6,440	4,165	2,270
Other method	36,010	20,845	15,170	9,640	6,095	3,545
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240	653,745	347,960	305,785
Less than 15 minutes	1,035,455	493,225	542,235	137,725	61,045	76,680
15 to 29 minutes	1,200,455	617,010	583,445	258,000	137,930	120,075
30 to 44 minutes	777,955	425,640	352,310	163,805	93,050	70,750
45 to 59 minutes	343,540	184,440	159,100	54,455	30,895	23,560
60 minutes and over	315,035	174,875	140,160	39,755	25,040	14,720
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240	653,740	347,960	305,785
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	256,150	192,835	63,315	49,925	37,375	12,555
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675,585	420,120	255,465	132,865	83,625	49,240
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,133,510	527,925	605,580	195,685	99,960	95,720
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	714,935	296,300	418,630	111,255	48,165	63,095
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	349,845	148,715	201,125	64,730	26,890	37,835
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	542,425	309,295	233,125	99,285	51,950	47,335
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655	809,165	428,345	380,820
Single responses	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385	801,505	424,630	376,870
Official languages	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420	795,220	421,450	373,770
English	541,720	294,935	246,780	792,700	420,600	372,100
French	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640	2,520	850	1,670
Non-official languages	34,160	17,190	16,970	6,280	3,180	3,105
Aboriginal languages	12,670	6,180	6,490	20	10	0
Algonquian languages	8,350	4,095	4,260	15	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	8,285	4,060	4,220	10	10	10
Atikamekw	1,100	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,800	840	960	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	210	105	100	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	35	20	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,145	2,515	2,630	15	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,305	2,080	2,220	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,290	2,075	2,215	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,490	11,005	10,480	6,270	3,165	3,100
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,895	1,125	775	510	305	200
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	55	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,860	1,110	745	445	280	170
Amharic	0	0	0	40	15	20
Arabic	1,715	1,045	665	325	225	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	70	70	25	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,725	850	870	425	190	235
Khmer (Cambodian)	315	140	175	10	0	10
Vietnamese	1,410	710	695	410	185	230
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	325	180	145
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	50	60	305	170	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	275	90	190	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	265	90	175	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	145	75	70	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,165	5,255	4,910	2,145	1,130	1,015
Albanian	30	20	10	10	0	0
Armenian	275	130	145	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,130	500	635	310	155	155
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,115	495	625	310	155	150
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Bulgarian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	170	65	105	120	65	60
Russian	735	340	395	75	30	45
Serbian	10	15	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	35	75	70	45	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,285	575	715	95	50	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	10
Dutch	25	10	15	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	370	170	195	65	40	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	860	375	485	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	525	260	270	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,385	780	600	1,265	710	560
Indo-Aryan languages	680	390	295	1,195	665	535
Bengali	110	70	35	15	0	10
Gujarati	20	0	10	60	10	50
Hindi	35	20	15	105	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	0	10	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	415	225	190	975	575	395
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	50	35	40	10	25
Iranian languages	700	395	305	70	45	20
Kurdish	15	0	15	15	15	10
Pashto	10	0	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	675	385	285	55	35	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,525	2,990	2,540	460	210	245
Catalan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Italian	590	315	275	15	10	10
Portuguese	635	365	270	40	25	20
Romanian	320	140	175	0	0	0
Spanish	3,975	2,165	1,810	405	185	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	235	80	150	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	300	150	150	265	125	140
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	20	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	60	140	125	70	55
American Sign Language	0	0	0	80	30	50
Quebec Sign Language	125	20	110	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	45	30	40	35	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,070	3,125	2,945	2,310	1,095	1,215
Chinese languages	6,075	3,130	2,950	2,305	1,090	1,210
Cantonese	2,655	1,325	1,330	1,475	730	750
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	3,100	1,630	1,465	705	310	400
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	20	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	235	130	110	95	40	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	40	75	30	10	20
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	55	10	40	25	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	50	45	20	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	110	55	55	35	20	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	40	20	10	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	35	0	35	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple responses	341,900	182,635	159,265	7,660	3,720	3,945
English and French	315,620	169,365	146,255	1,875	900	975
English and non-official language	6,545	3,655	2,890	5,640	2,750	2,890
French and non-official language	7,525	3,460	4,065	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	12,205	6,160	6,055	130	60	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655	809,165	428,345	380,820
None	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690	776,665	412,150	364,515
English	1,031,380	555,940	475,440	4,415	1,905	2,510
French	317,490	169,785	147,705	8,815	4,285	4,525
Non-official language	49,850	25,900	23,950	18,790	9,760	9,030
Aboriginal	4,985	2,285	2,705	370	140	235
Non-Aboriginal	44,865	23,620	21,245	18,415	9,620	8,800
English and French	2,185	1,040	1,140	0	0	0
English and non-official language	14,910	7,255	7,655	70	30	45
French and non-official language	6,855	3,795	3,055	405	210	195
English, French and non-official language	65	50	20	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575	1,279,970	641,020	638,955
Non-movers	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195	1,070,515	536,090	534,420
Movers	914,800	450,420	464,380	209,460	104,925	104,535
Non-migrants	547,410	269,850	277,560	138,850	70,120	68,725
Migrants	367,385	180,565	186,820	70,615	34,810	35,800
Internal migrants	305,465	149,335	156,135	53,885	26,955	26,930
Intraprovincial migrants	284,280	137,945	146,330	38,350	19,160	19,190
Interprovincial migrants	21,190	11,385	9,805	15,535	7,795	7,740
External migrants	61,920	31,235	30,685	16,730	7,855	8,875
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805	1,212,350	606,300	606,055
Non-movers	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065	652,645	325,015	327,625
Movers	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740	559,705	281,280	278,425
Non-migrants	1,507,665	741,220	766,440	306,950	154,260	152,690
Migrants	1,187,425	584,125	603,295	252,755	127,020	125,730
Internal migrants	949,170	464,830	484,340	177,330	89,430	87,895
Intraprovincial migrants	893,800	436,525	457,270	103,945	51,335	52,610
Interprovincial migrants	55,370	28,300	27,070	73,385	38,100	35,285
External migrants	238,250	119,295	118,960	75,425	37,585	37,830