Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Chester, MD Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	87,787	...	...	10,310	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	85,475	...	...	10,599	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.7	...	...	-2.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,403	...	...	6,492	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,713	...	...	4,769	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	9.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	771,483.97	...	...	1,122.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	87,785	44,635	43,150	10,310	5,085	5,225
0 to 14 years	19,855	10,240	9,610	1,265	655	605
0 to 4 years	6,580	3,270	3,310	415	215	200
5 to 9 years	7,000	3,660	3,345	415	215	205
10 to 14 years	6,270	3,315	2,955	430	230	205
15 to 64 years	57,420	29,355	28,065	6,265	3,080	3,190
15 to 19 years	6,000	3,110	2,895	440	225	215
20 to 24 years	6,165	3,130	3,035	365	180	185
25 to 29 years	6,040	3,085	2,950	395	200	195
30 to 34 years	5,605	2,870	2,735	425	215	210
35 to 39 years	5,515	2,805	2,710	490	230	260
40 to 44 years	5,275	2,680	2,600	580	285	300
45 to 49 years	5,220	2,650	2,565	650	350	305
50 to 54 years	6,360	3,245	3,110	920	425	495
55 to 59 years	6,260	3,215	3,045	1,045	500	545
60 to 64 years	4,980	2,560	2,420	955	470	485
65 years and over	10,515	5,040	5,475	2,780	1,345	1,430
65 to 69 years	3,880	2,020	1,860	960	475	485
70 to 74 years	2,745	1,330	1,415	725	385	345
75 to 79 years	1,745	830	920	465	205	260
80 to 84 years	1,225	520	705	325	165	160
85 years and over	915	340	575	295	110	185
85 to 89 years	650	255	385	200	90	105
90 to 94 years	230	75	155	75	15	55
95 to 99 years	35	5	35	20	5	20
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.6	22.9	22.3	12.3	12.9	11.6
15 to 64 years	65.4	65.8	65.0	60.8	60.6	61.1
65 years and over	12.0	11.3	12.7	27.0	26.5	27.4
85 years and over	1.0	0.8	1.3	2.9	2.2	3.5
Average age of the population	36.4	36.0	36.9	48.5	47.8	49.1
Median age of the population	35.2	34.8	35.7	53.1	52.5	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Single-detached house	18,040	...	...	4,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	180	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,375	...	...	390	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,520	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	960	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,330	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,445	...	...	105	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,120	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,710	...	...	4,770	...	...
1 person	9,495	...	...	1,390	...	...
2 persons	10,490	...	...	2,145	...	...
3 persons	4,380	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	3,940	...	...	445	...	...
5 or more persons	4,415	...	...	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	86,185	...	...	10,175	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	67,935	34,390	33,540	9,045	4,425	4,620
Married or living common law	38,550	19,295	19,260	5,735	2,880	2,855
Married	19,925	10,015	9,915	4,625	2,320	2,305
Living common law	18,625	9,280	9,340	1,105	555	550
Not married and not living common law	29,385	15,095	14,285	3,305	1,550	1,765
Never married	22,035	12,370	9,665	1,705	985	715
Separated	915	445	475	245	110	135
Divorced	3,225	1,495	1,735	615	285	335
Widowed	3,200	790	2,415	740	160	580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,745	...	...	3,300	...	...
2 persons	11,485	...	...	2,150	...	...
3 persons	4,920	...	...	630	...	...
4 persons	4,035	...	...	405	...	...
5 or more persons	3,305	...	...	115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,745	...	...	3,305	...	...
Total couple families	18,865	...	...	2,840	...	...
Married couples	9,555	...	...	2,285	...	...
Common-law couples	9,310	...	...	555	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,880	...	...	460	...	...
Female parent	3,495	...	...	365	...	...
Male parent	1,385	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,865	...	...	2,840	...	...
Couples without children	8,865	...	...	1,850	...	...
Couples with children	10,005	...	...	990	...	...
1 child	3,540	...	...	510	...	...
2 children	3,525	...	...	370	...	...
3 or more children	2,940	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,880	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	2,620	...	...	295	...	...
2 children	1,380	...	...	120	...	...
3 or more children	875	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,650	7,550	6,110	1,750	820	930
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,710	...	...	4,770	...	...
One-census-family households	21,130	...	...	3,230	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,445	...	...	1,820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,680	...	...	1,410	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,235	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,350	...	...	1,505	...	...
One-person households	9,495	...	...	1,385	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	855	...	...	115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	87,195	44,390	42,805	10,170	5,025	5,145
English only	19,695	10,025	9,670	9,565	4,765	4,800
French only	40,235	19,655	20,575	0	0	0
English and French	24,250	13,180	11,070	600	255	345
Neither English nor French	3,015	1,530	1,485	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	87,190	44,390	42,805	10,175	5,030	5,145
English	22,090	11,170	10,925	10,050	4,965	5,085
French	56,535	28,930	27,610	110	55	55
English and French	5,570	2,775	2,795	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	2,990	1,515	1,475	0	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	24,880	12,560	12,325	115	60	60
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	28.5	28.3	28.8	1.1	1.2	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	87,190	44,390	42,805	10,170	5,030	5,145
Single responses	86,325	43,955	42,375	10,130	5,010	5,120
Official languages	57,560	29,430	28,130	9,955	4,920	5,035
English	3,165	1,595	1,575	9,835	4,860	4,975
French	54,395	27,835	26,560	125	60	65
Non-official languages	28,765	14,520	14,245	170	90	80
Aboriginal languages	27,650	13,895	13,750	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	16,070	8,065	8,005	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15,375	7,740	7,640	0	0	0
Atikamekw	40	25	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15,280	7,685	7,590	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	685	325	365	0	0	0
Algonquin	670	320	355	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,575	5,830	5,745	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,565	5,820	5,740	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,115	625	495	165	85	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	145	95	15	10	10
Berber languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	200	120	80	20	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	200	120	80	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	10	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	5	25	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	5	0	5
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	565	340	230	115	60	50
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	60	50	15	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	55	50	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	35	30	5	0	5
Russian	20	5	15	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	30	75	40	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	20	60	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	5	5	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	225	135	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	15	5	5	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	5	5	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	280	180	100	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	10	5	5
Chinese languages	30	10	20	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Lao	50	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	870	435	430	45	15	25
English and French	330	170	160	20	10	10
English and non-official language	190	105	95	20	5	15
French and non-official language	300	145	155	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	87,190	44,390	42,805	10,170	5,025	5,145
Single responses	86,050	43,810	42,240	10,125	5,005	5,120
Official languages	59,740	30,475	29,260	10,080	4,985	5,095
English	4,560	2,305	2,255	10,060	4,980	5,085
French	55,175	28,170	27,005	20	10	10
Non-official languages	26,315	13,335	12,975	45	25	25
Aboriginal languages	25,860	13,070	12,790	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,595	7,350	7,245	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	14,350	7,235	7,115	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	10	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	14,315	7,215	7,100	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	245	115	130	0	0	0
Algonquin	240	115	125	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,265	5,720	5,540	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,255	5,715	5,540	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	455	265	190	45	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	15	5	5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	15	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	20	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	280	175	105	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Bengali	5	5	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	165	85	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	220	145	70	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	5	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,140	580	565	45	20	25
English and French	340	185	160	10	5	0
English and non-official language	215	105	110	35	20	20
French and non-official language	520	250	270	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	35	30	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	87,190	44,390	42,800	10,175	5,025	5,145
None	68,170	34,820	33,355	9,990	4,945	5,045
English	14,755	7,455	7,300	35	15	20
French	1,035	525	510	75	35	40
Non-official language	2,825	1,385	1,445	70	30	35
Aboriginal	2,420	1,170	1,245	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	410	210	195	70	30	35
English and French	215	120	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	90	50	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	40	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	66,370	33,640	32,735	8,910	4,370	4,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,165	32,625	31,540	8,590	4,240	4,350
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,386	40,965	28,973	28,795	36,019	23,642
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,175	32,625	31,550	8,595	4,240	4,360
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,264	36,275	26,990	26,255	32,141	22,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,340	29,745	27,595	7,420	3,765	3,650
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,924	38,370	23,511	25,472	31,770	20,203
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,270	22,625	25,650	6,690	3,135	3,550
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,664	5,721	8,861	9,127	10,720	8,152
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,905	26,245	23,660	5,500	2,865	2,635
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,715	41,520	25,582	25,434	30,067	21,568
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,205	32,640	31,565	8,545	4,230	4,320
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,664	50,968	36,110	42,171	51,183	33,344
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,200	32,640	31,565	8,555	4,230	4,325
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,646	41,349	31,783	34,480	41,097	28,011
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,280	29,655	27,625	7,310	3,670	3,640
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,764	49,287	31,615	40,472	49,932	30,938
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,125	22,705	25,420	6,705	3,140	3,565
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,731	8,894	10,479	9,653	10,603	8,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,905	26,205	23,700	5,500	2,870	2,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,888	49,950	32,972	39,003	47,580	29,650
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,315	11,580	9,735	2,475	1,350	1,125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,345	59,334	43,078	45,163	48,275	39,812
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,561	67,049	48,472	58,980	67,494	48,746
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.3	87.9	76.5	81.4	84.0	77.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.4	78.7	68.1	57.1	59.4	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.7	12.1	23.5	18.6	15.9	22.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	66,375	33,640	32,735	8,910	4,375	4,540
Without total income	2,205	1,015	1,190	320	130	185
With total income	64,165	32,625	31,540	8,590	4,235	4,355
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.0	96.3	96.4	96.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,090	4,300	4,790	1,210	450	760
$10,000 to $19,999	10,720	4,460	6,260	1,730	675	1,055
$20,000 to $29,999	8,965	3,785	5,180	1,495	655	840
$30,000 to $39,999	7,610	3,415	4,195	1,150	575	575
$40,000 to $49,999	6,810	3,385	3,425	910	530	385
$50,000 to $59,999	5,390	2,970	2,415	620	390	230
$60,000 to $69,999	4,000	2,345	1,650	370	255	120
$70,000 to $79,999	3,210	1,880	1,335	305	185	120
$80,000 to $89,999	2,155	1,335	820	240	140	100
$90,000 to $99,999	1,615	1,125	485	145	100	45
$100,000 and over	4,610	3,625	990	415	285	125
$100,000 to $149,999	3,510	2,725	780	265	185	80
$150,000 and over	1,105	895	205	145	100	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,375	33,640	32,735	8,905	4,370	4,535
Without after-tax income	2,200	1,015	1,190	310	130	180
With after-tax income	64,170	32,625	31,550	8,595	4,240	4,355
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	97.0	96.4	96.5	97.0	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,195	4,325	4,870	1,280	465	815
$10,000 to $19,999	11,220	4,635	6,580	1,835	710	1,125
$20,000 to $29,999	10,465	4,530	5,940	1,725	785	935
$30,000 to $39,999	9,470	4,510	4,955	1,400	760	630
$40,000 to $49,999	7,810	4,415	3,395	900	545	350
$50,000 to $59,999	5,525	3,255	2,275	525	350	180
$60,000 to $69,999	3,885	2,235	1,640	380	235	150
$70,000 to $79,999	2,495	1,665	830	200	130	70
$80,000 and over	4,105	3,055	1,055	355	255	100
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	1,120	405	85	65	20
$90,000 to $99,999	925	700	225	75	50	25
$100,000 and over	1,645	1,225	420	195	135	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	66,375	33,635	32,735	8,910	4,370	4,535
Without employment income	16,470	7,395	9,080	3,410	1,505	1,900
With employment income	49,905	26,245	23,655	5,500	2,860	2,635
Percentage with employment income	75.2	78.0	72.3	61.7	65.4	58.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,470	3,665	3,805	935	470	465
$5,000 to $9,999	4,270	1,845	2,425	485	220	265
$10,000 to $19,999	6,400	2,705	3,695	915	400	510
$20,000 to $29,999	5,445	2,250	3,195	715	340	375
$30,000 to $39,999	5,105	2,295	2,805	625	280	350
$40,000 to $49,999	4,700	2,285	2,410	500	280	220
$50,000 to $59,999	3,990	2,325	1,665	360	230	130
$60,000 to $69,999	3,000	1,950	1,050	245	165	85
$70,000 to $79,999	2,520	1,595	925	190	115	75
$80,000 and over	7,015	5,335	1,675	520	365	160
$80,000 to $89,999	1,815	1,230	580	185	115	75
$90,000 to $99,999	1,395	1,010	390	100	70	35
$100,000 and over	3,805	3,100	710	230	175	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,234	...	...	54,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,538	...	...	48,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,495	...	...	1,390	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,719	...	...	26,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,191	...	...	24,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,215	...	...	3,380	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,469	...	...	67,920	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,909	...	...	59,861	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,692	...	...	75,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,921	...	...	61,847	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,490	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,135	...	...	38,249	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,323	...	...	32,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,225	...	...	3,385	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,671	...	...	90,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,464	...	...	74,014	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	410	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	980	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,345	...	...	285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,500	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,170	...	...	270	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,515	...	...	315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,445	...	...	295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,335	...	...	255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,315	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,490	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,330	...	...	375	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,220	...	...	340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	...	...	250	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,780	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,630	...	...	965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,660	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,655	...	...	210	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,730	...	...	215	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,585	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,710	...	...	4,770	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	410	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	980	...	...	125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,415	...	...	305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,655	...	...	310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,365	...	...	295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,840	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,695	...	...	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,670	...	...	270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,530	...	...	265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,055	...	...	525	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,855	...	...	435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,480	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,185	...	...	275	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,475	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,390	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,000	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,080	...	...	155	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,705	...	...	3,280	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,538	...	...	68,282	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,946	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,235	...	...	1,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,208	...	...	64,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,222	...	...	56,695	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,010	...	...	1,000	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,022	...	...	92,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,357	...	...	79,250	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.5	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,845	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,122	...	...	41,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,585	...	...	39,595	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,705	...	...	3,260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,549	...	...	91,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,351	...	...	74,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,230	...	...	1,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,151	...	...	96,387	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,515	...	...	76,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,040	...	...	1,015	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,719	...	...	103,452	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,124	...	...	85,070	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,825	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,993	...	...	46,940	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,771	...	...	42,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,030	6,180	4,850	1,645	775	875
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,646	37,841	27,239	25,771	28,960	24,352
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,479	33,020	25,412	24,101	26,032	22,746
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,020	6,260	4,755	1,650	780	870
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,064	48,107	36,418	37,267	36,157	38,265
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,559	38,673	31,455	31,231	30,324	32,047
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	86,185	43,855	42,330	10,175	5,025	5,145
In the bottom half of the distribution	43,175	21,335	21,835	6,550	3,135	3,410
In the bottom decile	6,505	3,220	3,290	1,050	480	565
In the second decile	8,215	3,845	4,370	1,625	745	880
In the third decile	9,530	4,680	4,845	1,310	630	680
In the fourth decile	9,225	4,610	4,615	1,335	655	680
In the fifth decile	9,705	4,990	4,710	1,230	625	605
In the top half of the distribution	43,015	22,520	20,495	3,625	1,890	1,735
In the sixth decile	10,195	5,300	4,890	960	500	460
In the seventh decile	9,850	5,190	4,660	895	465	435
In the eighth decile	9,570	4,965	4,600	710	375	335
In the ninth decile	7,915	4,165	3,750	575	305	270
In the top decile	5,485	2,895	2,590	485	240	240
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	67,430	34,450	32,980	10,175	5,025	5,145
0 to 17 years	16,330	8,415	7,915	1,540	790	745
0 to 5 years	5,615	2,810	2,805	500	260	240
18 to 64 years	42,455	21,765	20,690	5,965	2,920	3,040
65 years and over	8,645	4,270	4,375	2,670	1,315	1,355
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,245	3,910	4,335	1,970	895	1,080
0 to 17 years	2,005	1,025	980	380	190	190
0 to 5 years	770	365	400	145	70	75
18 to 64 years	4,470	2,210	2,255	1,020	465	550
65 years and over	1,775	680	1,095	565	235	335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.3	13.1	19.4	17.8	21.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	12.2	12.4	24.7	24.1	25.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	13.0	14.3	29.0	26.9	31.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.2	10.9	17.1	15.9	18.1
65 years and over (%)	20.5	15.9	25.0	21.2	17.9	24.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,920	1,505	1,415	505	235	270
0 to 17 years	600	320	285	90	40	50
0 to 5 years	230	110	115	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	2,185	1,150	1,030	375	175	200
65 years and over	130	40	95	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.4	4.3	5.0	4.7	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.8	3.6	5.8	5.1	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	3.9	4.1	7.0	5.8	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	5.3	5.0	6.3	6.0	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	0.9	2.2	1.5	1.5	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	86,190	43,855	42,330	10,170	5,030	5,145
Official languages	83,325	42,440	40,885	10,160	5,015	5,145
English	43,760	23,175	20,590	10,155	5,015	5,140
French	63,655	32,415	31,245	605	250	355
Non-official languages	31,985	16,015	15,970	315	135	180
Aboriginal languages	29,770	14,970	14,805	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	17,890	8,965	8,925	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	16,680	8,400	8,280	0	0	0
Atikamekw	105	50	55	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	105	45	55	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	30	15	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	16,440	8,280	8,160	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,285	605	680	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	11,930	6,030	5,900	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	11,920	6,025	5,895	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,295	1,085	1,210	310	130	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	315	190	125	45	25	20
Berber languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	20	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	175	110	45	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	285	175	110	45	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	15	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	50	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,455	685	770	210	90	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	105	75	30	10	15
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	105	75	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	75	45	0	0	0
Russian	65	40	25	20	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	75	80	105	55	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	15	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	45	65	95	50	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	10	10	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,100	500	600	80	25	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	50	35	20	10	10
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Spanish	970	425	550	70	20	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	200	90	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	15	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	30	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	20	40	20	0	20
American Sign Language	15	10	10	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	15	25	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	40	20	15	10
Chinese languages	55	20	35	20	15	0
Cantonese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	15	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Lao	40	15	25	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	10	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	86,185	43,860	42,325	10,170	5,025	5,145
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85,650	43,575	42,075	9,990	4,945	5,040
Canadian citizens aged under 18	23,365	12,015	11,350	1,525	785	745
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	62,285	31,560	30,725	8,460	4,160	4,300
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	540	280	255	180	85	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	86,185	43,860	42,330	10,170	5,030	5,145
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	84,715	43,080	41,635	9,610	4,770	4,835
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,370	705	670	545	245	300
Before 1981	305	185	120	295	135	160
1981 to 1990	125	75	55	50	30	20
1991 to 2000	155	70	85	35	25	15
2001 to 2010	440	225	215	125	45	85
2001 to 2005	185	95	95	60	25	40
2006 to 2010	255	130	125	65	20	45
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	340	150	190	40	15	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	95	75	25	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,375	705	670	545	245	300
Under 5 years	235	90	145	90	50	40
5 to 14 years	165	95	75	80	30	50
15 to 24 years	255	145	110	95	40	60
25 to 44 years	680	355	325	210	90	120
45 years and over	40	25	15	75	35	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,375	705	670	550	245	300
Americas	200	100	100	130	55	75
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	20	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	20	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	10	0	10
Mexico	10	0	10	0	10	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	25	15	115	45	70
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	460	270	185	315	150	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	185	95	90	0	0	0
Germany	50	30	20	50	25	15
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	20	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	10	25	15	15
Poland	20	20	10	10	10	0
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	20	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	15	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	0	185	80	100
Other places of birth in Europe	75	50	30	15	10	10
Africa	480	245	235	10	0	10
Algeria	100	60	45	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	75	30	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	300	150	150	0	0	0
Asia	230	80	145	80	35	40
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	0	45	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	10	0	10	15	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	20	0	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	30	40	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	340	150	185	40	20	20
Americas	10	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	85	40	45	20	0	15
France	50	25	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	195	80	110	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	40	40	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	25	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	86,185	43,860	42,325	10,175	5,030	5,145
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,545	820	725	565	255	310
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,745	855	890	570	275	295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	82,895	42,180	40,710	9,035	4,495	4,540
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,115	555	560	270	115	150
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	575	325	250	160	70	85
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	345	235	110	75	45	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	230	90	140	85	20	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	395	150	245	100	35	65
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	135	80	55	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	86,190	43,855	42,325	10,175	5,030	5,145
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	32,880	16,615	16,265	375	185	195
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	32,730	16,525	16,200	365	185	180
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	19,625	9,800	9,825	220	115	105
Métis	1,205	715	490	140	65	75
Inuk (Inuit)	11,895	6,005	5,885	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	85	55	35	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	53,305	27,240	26,060	9,795	4,840	4,950
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	86,185	43,860	42,325	10,170	5,025	5,145
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	19,515	9,815	9,700	100	55	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,670	34,040	32,635	10,070	4,975	5,095
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	86,185	43,860	42,330	10,175	5,025	5,145
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	26,900	13,465	13,435	80	35	40
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	26,095	13,055	13,040	80	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	16,775	8,345	8,425	65	25	40
Métis single ancestry	345	195	150	15	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	8,975	4,515	4,460	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	805	410	395	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	105	65	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	675	340	345	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,080	3,650	3,425	475	220	260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,490	3,350	3,145	445	205	240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,695	1,895	1,800	310	140	175
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	375	210	165	130	65	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,420	1,245	1,175	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	585	300	285	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	40	15	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	480	250	230	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	52,210	26,740	25,470	9,620	4,770	4,845
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	86,185	43,855	42,330	10,175	5,030	5,145
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,305	590	715	115	60	60
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	20	10	15	10	0
Chinese	110	25	85	30	15	15
Black	635	280	355	15	10	10
Filipino	35	0	30	0	0	10
Latin American	110	60	55	0	0	0
Arab	200	115	85	40	15	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	40	70	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	84,880	43,270	41,615	10,050	4,965	5,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	86,190	43,860	42,325	10,175	5,030	5,145
North American Aboriginal origins	33,975	17,115	16,860	555	255	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	21,830	10,945	10,885	390	165	225
Inuit	12,590	6,360	6,235	20	10	10
Métis	955	530	425	175	90	85
Other North American origins	45,320	23,160	22,170	4,830	2,365	2,465
Acadian	195	80	115	75	45	35
American	380	190	190	90	35	60
Canadian	43,280	22,110	21,175	4,695	2,290	2,400
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	25	15	40	15	25
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	45	25	20	10	0	0
Québécois	1,870	1,000	870	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	20,720	10,800	9,925	6,975	3,435	3,535
British Isles origins	6,690	3,325	3,370	4,845	2,370	2,475
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,290	590	700	2,840	1,335	1,505
Irish	2,880	1,430	1,450	1,560	800	765
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,155	1,620	1,530	1,975	1,040	930
Welsh	25	10	20	165	90	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	155	80	75	155	75	75
French origins	13,615	7,180	6,435	1,440	665	775
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	95	30	60	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	13,560	7,160	6,395	1,435	660	775
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,525	790	735	3,090	1,535	1,555
Austrian	75	40	40	25	10	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	170	95	70	30	0	30
Dutch	195	100	95	560	255	305
Flemish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,015	510	505	2,790	1,405	1,385
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	65	45	40	20	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	190	125	70	190	105	85
Danish	40	20	15	60	40	20
Finnish	30	15	15	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	50	35	75	45	35
Swedish	50	30	20	25	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	20	10	40	20	20
Eastern European origins	810	415	395	235	85	150
Bulgarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	35	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	405	195	205	100	45	60
Romanian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Russian	120	60	55	40	10	30
Slovak	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	95	70	70	30	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins	900	505	395	260	140	120
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	60	35	45	35	10
Italian	555	305	250	105	40	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	40	25	25	20	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	155	85	70	90	35	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	250	110	135	85	55	30
Basque	10	0	10	20	10	15
Jewish	15	10	10	40	30	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	220	100	120	20	15	10
Caribbean origins	260	105	155	20	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	20	10	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	130	50	75	0	0	0
Jamaican	75	25	45	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	175	85	90	20	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	25	25	20	20	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	10
African origins	890	470	425	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	300	165	135	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	20	15	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	60	30	30	0	0	0
North African origins	330	170	160	0	0	0
Algerian	110	60	55	0	0	0
Berber	75	45	35	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	15	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	95	45	45	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	65	60	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	130	65	65	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	120	60	65	10	0	0
Asian origins	635	265	375	225	110	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	275	145	130	120	60	60
Afghan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	60	50	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	30	45	100	55	50
Palestinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	20	10	15	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	25	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	55	25	30	50	30	20
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	10	25	50	30	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	310	95	215	60	25	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	150	35	115	30	15	15
Filipino	45	10	35	15	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Laotian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	10	30	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	10	10	10
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Owner	17,305	...	...	3,995	...	...
Renter	12,560	...	...	775	...	...
Band housing	2,845	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Condominium	1,440	...	...	100	...	...
Not condominium	31,275	...	...	4,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,710	...	...	4,770	...	...
No bedrooms	110	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,585	...	...	350	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,210	...	...	2,185	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,480	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,875	...	...	780	...	...
5 rooms	6,845	...	...	820	...	...
6 rooms	4,770	...	...	1,015	...	...
7 rooms	4,015	...	...	820	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,205	...	...	1,335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,045	...	...	4,765	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,670	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
Suitable	30,195	...	...	4,705	...	...
Not suitable	2,515	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,715	...	...	4,770	...	...
1960 or before	5,870	...	...	1,385	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,660	...	...	1,285	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,200	...	...	780	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,975	...	...	600	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,325	...	...	295	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,210	...	...	215	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,470	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,715	...	...	4,765	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	28,360	...	...	4,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,355	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,715	...	...	4,765	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,720	...	...	2,960	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,540	...	...	1,770	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	450	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,710	...	...	4,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,505	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,370	...	...	370	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,780	...	...	570	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,720	...	...	885	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,915	...	...	1,170	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,195	...	...	995	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,830	...	...	510	...	...
85 years and over	395	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	28,275	...	...	4,710	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,515	...	...	3,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,755	...	...	875	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,445	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,640	...	...	3,935	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.2	...	...	45.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.8	...	...	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	863	...	...	639	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	950	...	...	817	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	190,216	...	...	200,340	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	203,040	...	...	278,446	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,640	...	...	775	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	35.1	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.6	...	...	37.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	561	...	...	775	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	585	...	...	840	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,905	4,375	4,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,510	12,930	11,585	2,105	1,115	995
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,705	5,120	6,585	2,035	1,030	1,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,150	15,595	14,560	4,765	2,230	2,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,425	8,955	4,470	1,120	790	325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,630	6,015	3,615	595	330	260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,795	2,935	860	525	465	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,700	3,720	4,975	1,895	710	1,185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,865	600	1,260	215	85	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,170	2,315	3,850	1,540	645	900
Bachelor's degree	4,600	1,640	2,960	1,000	370	625
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	495	190	310	130	75	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	55	80	30	15	15
Master's degree	840	365	475	285	130	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	105	75	25	95	50	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,680	22,725	21,955	5,410	2,650	2,760
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,875	6,870	6,000	845	510	335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,170	3,185	3,985	1,245	645	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,640	12,665	11,975	3,325	1,495	1,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,055	7,210	3,850	745	545	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,050	4,910	3,140	400	225	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,010	2,305	705	345	320	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,845	2,970	3,875	1,435	520	915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,450	495	955	125	50	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,285	1,990	3,295	1,020	375	640
Bachelor's degree	3,890	1,405	2,485	705	250	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	410	155	255	95	50	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	40	80	10	0	0
Master's degree	780	330	450	155	50	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	80	60	20	60	25	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,220	18,050	18,170	4,140	2,140	1,995
Education	2,805	555	2,245	305	65	235
13. Education	2,800	560	2,245	300	65	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	165	335	150	60	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	40	35	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	425	125	295	135	45	90
Humanities	925	350	570	225	85	145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	20	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	20	80	20	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	610	225	385	65	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	45	20	35	20	10
54. History	50	30	20	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,275	460	1,815	385	130	260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	20	45	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	65	120	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,070	50	1,020	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	230	85	140	70	35	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	45	10	0	0
42. Psychology	355	90	265	105	40	65
45. Social sciences	335	155	180	105	45	60
Business, management and public administration	5,775	1,515	4,260	1,080	235	850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	655	100	555	50	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,110	1,415	3,695	1,030	225	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	640	425	210	175	110	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	35	65	55	40	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	40	10	25	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	140	100	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	300	230	75	75	65	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	505	310	195	160	65	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	405	285	125	130	50	75
25. Library science	75	0	70	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,670	8,085	585	1,240	1,160	80
04. Architecture and related services	90	70	20	10	0	0
14. Engineering	555	465	90	120	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,440	2,145	295	210	180	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,080	1,985	90	330	330	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,365	2,305	60	395	370	25
48. Precision production	1,140	1,115	25	175	165	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,035	815	220	70	40	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	100	110	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	830	720	110	30	20	10
Health and related fields	3,405	645	2,755	580	65	520
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	135	85	60	20	50
51. Health professions and related programs	3,145	490	2,660	520	40	475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,605	2,260	1,345	400	220	180
12. Personal and culinary services	1,415	325	1,090	225	55	165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	805	660	145	30	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,375	1,265	105	125	110	15
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,680	22,725	21,960	5,415	2,650	2,760
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,040	10,055	9,985	2,090	1,155	935
Education	1,995	410	1,585	175	45	130
13. Education	1,995	410	1,585	175	45	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	140	275	95	40	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	40	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	350	105	245	80	30	50
Humanities	635	250	385	125	50	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	20	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	50	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	365	155	215	30	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	20	10	10	0
54. History	45	25	20	15	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,940	360	1,580	300	80	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	50	105	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	45	890	60	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	200	70	130	45	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	40	10	0	10
42. Psychology	290	65	225	80	25	60
45. Social sciences	270	125	145	85	40	45
Business, management and public administration	4,990	1,250	3,740	745	130	620
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	80	480	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,430	1,175	3,255	725	125	600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	290	150	130	80	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	55	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	15	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	275	200	70	55	45	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	470	285	190	120	40	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	370	260	115	110	40	70
25. Library science	70	10	65	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,110	6,600	505	895	825	70
04. Architecture and related services	95	75	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	490	400	85	65	55	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,020	1,785	240	155	130	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,695	1,610	90	285	285	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,940	1,885	50	255	235	20
48. Precision production	865	845	20	130	120	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	880	710	170	55	30	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	75	85	30	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	720	630	90	20	15	0
Health and related fields	2,805	510	2,295	405	45	365
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	185	115	70	50	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,595	380	2,215	355	30	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,940	1,855	1,085	280	140	140
12. Personal and culinary services	1,155	260	895	175	40	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	635	535	95	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,145	1,050	90	80	70	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	66,375	33,640	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,220	18,050	18,170	4,140	2,145	2,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,155	15,595	14,560	4,765	2,230	2,540
Location of study inside Canada	29,505	15,245	14,265	4,445	2,055	2,390
Same as province or territory of residence	27,760	14,385	13,380	3,645	1,665	1,980
Different than province or territory of residence	1,745	860	890	805	395	410
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	645	350	295	320	170	145
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	65	30	155	90	65
Philippines	40	10	35	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	10	60	35	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	165	95	70	0	0	0
Other	335	175	155	90	45	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,685	22,725	21,955	5,415	2,650	2,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,045	10,055	9,985	2,090	1,155	935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,640	12,670	11,970	3,325	1,495	1,830
Location of study inside Canada	24,095	12,375	11,715	3,155	1,405	1,750
Same as province or territory of residence	22,590	11,645	10,950	2,635	1,160	1,475
Different than province or territory of residence	1,500	735	770	520	245	275
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	545	290	255	170	95	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	40	15	50	35	15
Philippines	20	0	20	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	45	20	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	155	85	70	0	0	0
Other	305	165	145	65	35	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,535
In the labour force	43,935	23,200	20,735	4,955	2,555	2,405
Employed	39,515	20,395	19,120	4,445	2,250	2,195
Unemployed	4,420	2,805	1,615	505	300	205
Not in the labour force	22,440	10,445	11,995	3,950	1,815	2,140
Participation rate	66.2	69.0	63.4	55.6	58.5	53.0
Employment rate	59.5	60.6	58.4	49.9	51.5	48.4
Unemployment rate	10.1	12.1	7.8	10.2	11.7	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	66,375	33,645	32,730	8,910	4,370	4,540
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,935	9,230	10,705	3,535	1,575	1,960
Worked	46,435	24,415	22,025	5,375	2,795	2,580
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,705	11,780	9,920	2,605	1,425	1,180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,730	12,630	12,105	2,765	1,365	1,395
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.2	40.6	40.9	40.6	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	43,935	23,200	20,735	4,955	2,555	2,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,125	650	475	60	40	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	42,810	22,555	20,260	4,895	2,515	2,380
Employee	40,105	21,005	19,100	4,090	2,005	2,080
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,705	1,550	1,160	810	510	300
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	43,930	23,200	20,735	4,955	2,555	2,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,125	645	475	60	40	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	42,810	22,550	20,260	4,895	2,515	2,385
0 Management occupations	3,255	1,895	1,365	500	260	240
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,665	1,315	4,350	665	180	490
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,875	1,475	395	210	175	35
3 Health occupations	2,440	405	2,040	300	15	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,705	1,670	5,035	470	125	345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	915	425	485	170	90	85
6 Sales and service occupations	10,050	4,195	5,855	980	330	650
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,750	7,340	415	980	915	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,715	2,510	200	305	250	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,450	1,320	125	310	185	125
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	43,930	23,200	20,735	4,955	2,555	2,400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,120	645	475	60	35	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	42,810	22,555	20,260	4,895	2,515	2,380
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,130	920	215	310	235	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,415	3,810	605	35	40	0
22 Utilities	415	375	45	40	20	20
23 Construction	2,190	1,905	290	530	475	55
31-33 Manufacturing	2,470	2,140	325	515	320	195
41 Wholesale trade	775	600	175	155	110	40
44-45 Retail trade	4,680	1,995	2,680	475	220	255
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,785	1,305	480	145	115	30
51 Information and cultural industries	665	315	350	110	75	35
52 Finance and insurance	630	155	475	125	30	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	520	345	175	55	30	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,245	640	605	280	130	150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,235	750	485	220	140	80
61 Educational services	3,940	1,095	2,850	295	110	185
62 Health care and social assistance	7,470	1,450	6,015	550	35	515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	660	370	285	155	75	80
72 Accommodation and food services	2,565	905	1,660	350	110	235
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,835	995	840	285	110	170
91 Public administration	4,170	2,470	1,700	270	130	140
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	39,515	20,395	19,120	4,445	2,250	2,195
Worked at home	1,270	525	745	415	195	220
Worked outside Canada	45	40	0	45	20	20
No fixed workplace address	3,075	2,475	600	630	500	135
Worked at usual place	35,125	17,350	17,775	3,360	1,540	1,820
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,125	17,350	17,775	3,360	1,540	1,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	28,630	13,355	15,275	1,585	680	900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,320	2,405	1,915	545	210	335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,045	1,485	560	1,205	625	580
Commute to a different province or territory	135	110	25	30	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	38,195	19,825	18,370	3,985	2,035	1,955
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,085	14,115	11,970	3,460	1,775	1,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,935	1,260	1,670	325	155	175
Public transit	470	310	160	20	10	15
Walked	6,580	2,755	3,830	140	70	65
Bicycle	160	130	30	0	0	0
Other method	1,965	1,260	710	35	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	38,200	19,825	18,370	3,990	2,035	1,955
Less than 15 minutes	26,090	12,225	13,865	1,280	595	685
15 to 29 minutes	6,650	3,720	2,935	865	385	480
30 to 44 minutes	2,215	1,350	865	675	355	315
45 to 59 minutes	1,180	820	365	550	305	250
60 minutes and over	2,060	1,715	345	620	395	230
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	38,200	19,825	18,370	3,990	2,035	1,955
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,475	2,180	290	350	245	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,695	3,570	1,120	955	570	385
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,320	5,325	5,000	1,170	630	545
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,835	3,980	6,850	735	240	495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,100	1,480	2,620	325	115	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,775	3,280	2,490	450	230	220
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,800	25,040	22,765	5,515	2,845	2,670
Single responses	46,460	24,370	22,090	5,505	2,840	2,660
Official languages	37,065	19,780	17,280	5,505	2,835	2,665
English	5,860	2,925	2,935	5,490	2,835	2,650
French	31,205	16,860	14,345	15	0	0
Non-official languages	9,400	4,585	4,810	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	9,380	4,585	4,805	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5,110	2,500	2,610	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,100	2,490	2,605	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,095	2,490	2,605	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,270	2,080	2,190	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,265	2,075	2,185	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,340	670	670	10	10	0
English and French	1,095	575	520	10	0	0
English and non-official language	140	50	95	10	10	0
French and non-official language	70	35	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,800	25,035	22,760	5,515	2,845	2,665
None	28,570	15,400	13,165	5,375	2,785	2,590
English	13,510	6,840	6,670	15	10	10
French	1,505	770	730	70	35	40
Non-official language	3,210	1,500	1,710	55	25	35
Aboriginal	3,185	1,500	1,690	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	20	55	20	35
English and French	505	245	260	0	0	0
English and non-official language	165	100	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	335	180	155	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	84,910	43,230	41,685	10,120	4,990	5,125
Non-movers	75,185	38,375	36,810	9,390	4,655	4,735
Movers	9,725	4,850	4,875	730	340	390
Non-migrants	6,905	3,480	3,425	335	160	175
Migrants	2,820	1,370	1,455	395	180	215
Internal migrants	2,680	1,310	1,370	370	165	200
Intraprovincial migrants	2,440	1,195	1,245	285	125	160
Interprovincial migrants	240	110	130	85	40	40
External migrants	140	60	80	25	15	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	79,550	40,525	39,030	9,765	4,815	4,960
Non-movers	52,615	26,985	25,625	7,330	3,665	3,665
Movers	26,935	13,535	13,400	2,440	1,145	1,295
Non-migrants	18,450	9,385	9,060	1,130	535	605
Migrants	8,485	4,150	4,340	1,305	620	690
Internal migrants	8,105	3,960	4,150	1,230	575	655
Intraprovincial migrants	7,510	3,665	3,845	840	375	465
Interprovincial migrants	600	290	310	395	205	190
External migrants	385	190	190	75	40	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Chester, MD [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi--Baie-James--Nunavik--Eeyou [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia