Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Matsqui 4, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Ahuntsic-Cartierville Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Matsqui 4, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Matsqui 4, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,447	...	...	471	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	110,473	...	...	498	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.3	...	...	-5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	54,073	...	...	286	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	50,908	...	...	285	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,407.1	...	...	1,680.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.72	...	...	0.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,445	56,570	60,880	470	210	260
0 to 14 years	19,945	10,185	9,755	5	0	5
0 to 4 years	7,555	3,890	3,660	0	0	0
5 to 9 years	6,850	3,520	3,325	5	0	5
10 to 14 years	5,540	2,770	2,770	0	0	0
15 to 64 years	75,365	37,735	37,630	65	30	40
15 to 19 years	5,710	2,845	2,860	0	0	5
20 to 24 years	6,925	3,375	3,550	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	7,710	3,690	4,020	5	0	0
30 to 34 years	8,605	4,165	4,445	0	5	0
35 to 39 years	8,930	4,595	4,330	0	0	0
40 to 44 years	8,230	4,280	3,950	5	0	0
45 to 49 years	7,655	4,090	3,565	5	5	0
50 to 54 years	7,665	3,955	3,710	5	0	0
55 to 59 years	7,490	3,715	3,770	15	10	5
60 to 64 years	6,435	3,010	3,425	35	15	25
65 years and over	22,140	8,650	13,495	395	185	215
65 to 69 years	5,570	2,535	3,030	95	35	60
70 to 74 years	4,535	1,890	2,640	135	65	65
75 to 79 years	3,905	1,540	2,360	80	40	40
80 to 84 years	3,720	1,395	2,325	40	20	20
85 years and over	4,415	1,285	3,130	50	25	25
85 to 89 years	2,695	890	1,805	25	15	10
90 to 94 years	1,270	320	950	20	5	15
95 to 99 years	370	65	305	5	0	0
100 years and over	80	10	75	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	18.0	16.0	1.1	0.0	1.9
15 to 64 years	64.2	66.7	61.8	13.8	14.3	15.4
65 years and over	18.9	15.3	22.2	84.0	88.1	82.7
85 years and over	3.8	2.3	5.1	10.6	11.9	9.6
Average age of the population	41.5	39.7	43.2	71.5	73.0	70.3
Median age of the population	40.5	39.3	41.8	72.3	72.8	71.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	50,910	...	...	285	...	...
Single-detached house	4,740	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	7,445	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	38,715	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,060	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	580	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,000	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	29,820	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	260	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	50,905	...	...	285	...	...
1 person	20,615	...	...	115	...	...
2 persons	13,870	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	6,835	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	6,140	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	3,455	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	112,250	...	...	470	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	97,510	46,385	51,120	465	210	255
Married or living common law	48,650	24,575	24,075	330	160	165
Married	36,790	18,595	18,200	285	140	140
Living common law	11,855	5,980	5,875	45	20	30
Not married and not living common law	48,855	21,810	27,045	140	55	90
Never married	31,815	16,525	15,290	25	10	10
Separated	2,210	1,020	1,190	5	5	5
Divorced	8,045	3,055	4,985	40	20	20
Widowed	6,785	1,205	5,580	70	15	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,765	...	...	165	...	...
2 persons	13,300	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	6,605	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	6,040	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	2,825	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,765	...	...	170	...	...
Total couple families	23,075	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	17,160	...	...	140	...	...
Common-law couples	5,910	...	...	20	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,690	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	4,595	...	...	0	...	...
Male parent	1,095	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,075	...	...	160	...	...
Couples without children	9,725	...	...	155	...	...
Couples with children	13,355	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	4,985	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	5,665	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	2,700	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,690	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	3,575	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,615	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,580	12,725	13,850	125	45	85
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	50,910	...	...	285	...	...
One-census-family households	27,825	...	...	165	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,385	...	...	155	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	18,440	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	455	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,625	...	...	120	...	...
One-person households	20,615	...	...	115	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,010	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	114,410	55,325	59,080	475	210	260
English only	7,575	3,870	3,710	455	200	260
French only	38,470	16,865	21,605	0	0	0
English and French	64,685	33,120	31,570	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	3,680	1,475	2,200	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	114,410	55,325	59,085	475	210	260
English	17,190	8,785	8,400	465	210	255
French	81,495	38,645	42,845	5	5	5
English and French	12,155	6,470	5,685	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	3,575	1,425	2,150	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	23,265	12,025	11,240	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	20.3	21.7	19.0	1.1	2.4	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	114,410	55,325	59,085	475	215	265
Single responses	108,320	52,235	56,080	470	210	260
Official languages	62,780	29,800	32,985	450	200	255
English	5,900	3,055	2,840	450	200	250
French	56,880	26,735	30,145	5	5	0
Non-official languages	45,540	22,440	23,100	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45,525	22,440	23,090	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	14,760	7,715	7,045	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,345	745	605	0	0	0
Kabyle	825	460	365	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	520	280	235	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	40	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	13,300	6,925	6,375	0	0	0
Amharic	50	20	25	0	0	0
Arabic	13,200	6,870	6,330	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,595	765	830	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	400	200	205	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,190	570	625	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	245	80	165	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	40	20	20	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	40	110	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,310	1,070	1,245	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	85	40	40	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	2,200	1,015	1,185	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	815	395	415	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	800	390	410	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	21,245	10,165	11,085	20	10	5
Albanian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Armenian	2,875	1,335	1,540	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,410	640	775	5	5	0
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,400	635	770	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	240	105	140	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	205	90	115	0	0	0
Russian	620	285	335	0	0	0
Serbian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	35	25	10	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	45	65	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	205	90	115	10	5	0
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	70	85	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	3,380	1,615	1,765	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,860	1,455	1,405	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,325	1,185	1,140	0	0	0
Bengali	420	210	210	0	0	0
Gujarati	425	215	210	0	0	0
Hindi	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	500	265	240	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Urdu	875	440	435	0	0	0
Iranian languages	500	250	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	165	75	90	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	300	155	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10,385	4,970	5,420	5	0	0
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,060	1,890	2,170	0	0	0
Portuguese	900	435	470	0	0	0
Romanian	1,190	570	620	0	0	0
Spanish	4,225	2,065	2,155	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,995	1,040	955	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	120	65	60	0	0	0
Bamanankan	160	95	70	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	50	30	25	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	180	95	85	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	185	80	100	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	195	100	100	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	60	55	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	40	35	0	0	0
Wolof	260	135	125	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	610	325	285	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	15	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,800	845	955	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,800	845	960	0	0	0
Cantonese	860	405	455	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	635	295	340	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	170	90	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	110	40	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	155	70	85	0	0	0
Lao	125	60	70	0	0	0
Thai	25	5	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	330	170	155	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	310	160	150	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	35	65	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	35	60	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,090	3,090	3,005	0	0	0
English and French	1,035	530	505	5	0	0
English and non-official language	825	420	405	0	0	0
French and non-official language	3,460	1,745	1,715	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	770	390	380	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	114,410	55,325	59,085	475	215	265
Single responses	101,700	48,925	52,780	470	215	260
Official languages	75,720	36,460	39,260	470	210	260
English	10,590	5,365	5,225	465	210	260
French	65,125	31,085	34,035	0	0	0
Non-official languages	25,985	12,465	13,520	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	5	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,980	12,465	13,515	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,730	3,915	3,820	0	0	0
Berber languages	480	255	225	0	0	0
Kabyle	320	170	145	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	160	85	80	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	55	25	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,190	3,630	3,560	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	7,130	3,610	3,525	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,140	535	605	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	245	120	125	0	0	0
Vietnamese	895	415	475	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	840	350	490	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	805	335	470	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	700	335	365	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	695	335	365	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,220	6,200	7,020	0	0	0
Albanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Armenian	2,375	1,080	1,290	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	890	420	470	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	885	420	470	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	190	85	105	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	35	35	0	0	0
Russian	450	225	225	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,990	930	1,060	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,990	990	1,005	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,660	835	825	0	0	0
Bengali	285	140	145	0	0	0
Gujarati	285	145	140	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	350	180	170	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	680	340	345	0	0	0
Iranian languages	335	155	180	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	130	55	75	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	195	95	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,885	2,740	3,150	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	1,725	730	995	0	0	0
Portuguese	475	220	255	0	0	0
Romanian	880	440	445	0	0	0
Spanish	2,800	1,350	1,445	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	515	255	255	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	50	20	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	30	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	85	45	40	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	50	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,345	625	720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,350	625	725	0	0	0
Cantonese	630	280	350	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	540	260	280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Lao	65	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	215	110	110	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	205	100	100	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	12,705	6,405	6,305	0	0	0
English and French	1,700	885	815	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,785	940	845	0	0	0
French and non-official language	7,340	3,590	3,745	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,890	990	900	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	114,410	55,325	59,085	475	210	260
None	80,800	38,660	42,135	470	210	260
English	8,020	4,065	3,950	0	0	0
French	9,065	4,445	4,620	0	0	0
Non-official language	13,220	6,490	6,735	0	0	5
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	13,220	6,490	6,725	5	0	0
English and French	1,540	795	745	0	0	0
English and non-official language	960	490	470	0	0	0
French and non-official language	695	330	370	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	105	50	50	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	92,405	44,505	47,900	465	210	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,645	42,790	45,855	460	210	250
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,026	31,227	27,021	23,904	27,648	22,123
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,655	42,790	45,860	460	210	250
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,835	28,469	25,374	23,360	25,728	21,909
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,040	37,425	38,615	380	180	200
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,310	30,871	23,813	12,144	14,688	11,168
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,240	33,300	38,940	450	205	245
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,250	3,555	8,574	15,061	15,968	13,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,350	31,425	28,925	160	85	75
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,910	30,855	26,347	2,224	2,224	1,992
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	205	260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,700	42,875	45,825	470	205	260
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,176	45,715	36,928	36,604	45,405	29,542
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,715	42,875	45,840	465	205	260
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,718	36,619	31,005	31,911	39,390	25,910
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,900	37,345	38,550	400	195	200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,380	46,486	34,464	26,655	32,550	20,984
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,285	33,360	38,925	450	195	250
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,129	6,712	9,343	14,446	15,614	13,526
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,420	31,445	28,980	160	90	65
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,702	45,070	35,963	26,809	27,521	25,857
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	210	260
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,755	13,850	10,910	25	10	15
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,397	49,374	47,334	37,887	0	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,588	64,025	56,226	49,545	0	52,777
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.8	88.4	78.5	54.1	56.7	52.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.2	72.0	61.7	19.1	18.2	19.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.2	11.6	21.5	45.5	43.5	47.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	92,405	44,505	47,900	465	210	255
Without total income	3,765	1,720	2,050	0	5	0
With total income	88,645	42,790	45,850	465	210	250
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	95.7	100.0	100.0	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,510	6,735	6,775	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	18,140	7,755	10,385	125	45	80
$20,000 to $29,999	13,770	6,180	7,595	150	65	85
$30,000 to $39,999	10,655	5,250	5,405	45	25	20
$40,000 to $49,999	8,945	4,295	4,650	50	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	6,160	3,015	3,150	25	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,375	2,155	2,220	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,500	1,780	1,710	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	1,300	1,185	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	935	755	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	5,410	3,395	2,020	10	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,485	2,085	1,400	5	5	0
$150,000 and over	1,925	1,305	615	5	0	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	92,405	44,505	47,905	465	210	255
Without after-tax income	3,755	1,715	2,040	0	5	5
With after-tax income	88,650	42,795	45,860	460	210	255
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.2	95.7	98.9	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,850	6,835	7,010	30	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	18,865	8,115	10,750	130	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	16,205	7,555	8,645	155	70	90
$30,000 to $39,999	13,600	6,595	7,005	60	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	9,355	4,525	4,830	30	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,910	2,985	2,925	25	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,955	1,990	1,965	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,290	1,270	1,015	0	0	0
$80,000 and over	4,620	2,915	1,710	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,345	770	580	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	910	555	355	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	2,365	1,585	780	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	92,410	44,505	47,905	465	210	255
Without employment income	32,060	13,080	18,980	305	125	180
With employment income	60,350	31,425	28,925	160	85	80
Percentage with employment income	65.3	70.6	60.4	34.4	40.5	31.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,585	4,150	4,440	90	45	45
$5,000 to $9,999	5,305	2,505	2,800	15	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	9,305	4,625	4,680	15	5	5
$20,000 to $29,999	7,745	4,060	3,690	10	10	0
$30,000 to $39,999	6,875	3,640	3,240	10	0	5
$40,000 to $49,999	5,450	2,850	2,605	5	0	5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,990	2,110	1,875	5	0	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,110	1,635	1,475	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,850	1,435	1,410	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	7,130	4,415	2,715	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,840	1,035	805	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,175	700	480	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	4,115	2,680	1,435	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	50,905	...	...	285	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,608	...	...	42,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,779	...	...	39,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	20,615	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,768	...	...	27,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,956	...	...	25,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,295	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,235	...	...	50,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,591	...	...	47,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,714	...	...	59,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,736	...	...	52,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20,625	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,060	...	...	34,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,352	...	...	30,668	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,305	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,940	...	...	76,347	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,694	...	...	66,308	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	50,910	...	...	285	...	...
Under $5,000	1,195	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,400	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,275	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,155	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,900	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,735	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,715	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,895	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,605	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,725	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,785	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,050	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,465	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,000	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,250	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,150	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,390	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,265	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	50,905	...	...	285	...	...
Under $5,000	1,265	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,415	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,290	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,305	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,285	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,215	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,400	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,525	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,270	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,970	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,135	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,960	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,940	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,305	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,730	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,900	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,950	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,620	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,335	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,015	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,029	...	...	51,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,031	...	...	48,512	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,190	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,958	...	...	48,683	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,724	...	...	46,891	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,385	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,150	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,620	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,450	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,480	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,990	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,990	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,200	...	...	78,186	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,516	...	...	67,773	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,115	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,684	...	...	79,007	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,309	...	...	67,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,540	...	...	10	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,338	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,279	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,385	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,424	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,281	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	23,875	11,570	12,305	125	45	80
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,020	28,079	30,008	26,816	30,528	24,416
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,667	25,701	27,591	25,312	27,328	24,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	23,930	11,730	12,200	130	40	95
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,291	36,725	37,835	32,704	37,205	30,833
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,094	30,436	31,726	28,990	34,186	26,829
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	112,250	54,640	57,615	475	215	260
In the bottom half of the distribution	72,750	35,195	37,555	360	160	200
In the bottom decile	16,510	8,310	8,200	25	10	15
In the second decile	15,785	7,395	8,390	105	40	65
In the third decile	16,095	7,785	8,310	110	45	65
In the fourth decile	13,250	6,385	6,865	55	30	30
In the fifth decile	11,100	5,320	5,785	60	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	39,505	19,440	20,060	110	55	60
In the sixth decile	8,985	4,360	4,620	35	15	20
In the seventh decile	8,090	3,965	4,120	35	15	25
In the eighth decile	7,975	3,855	4,120	15	10	10
In the ninth decile	7,170	3,585	3,585	20	15	10
In the top decile	7,290	3,675	3,615	5	0	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	112,250	54,635	57,615	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	23,065	11,785	11,285	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	8,975	4,600	4,380	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70,750	35,115	35,635	0	0	0
65 years and over	18,435	7,740	10,695	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	24,710	11,960	12,750	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	5,595	2,835	2,760	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,235	1,145	1,090	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15,290	7,720	7,575	0	0	0
65 years and over	3,825	1,405	2,420	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.0	21.9	22.1	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	24.3	24.1	24.5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	24.9	24.9	24.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	21.6	22.0	21.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	20.7	18.2	22.6	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	19,605	9,725	9,880	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,185	2,100	2,085	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,655	840	810	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	12,885	6,710	6,175	0	0	0
65 years and over	2,540	910	1,630	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.5	17.8	17.1	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	17.8	18.5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	18.4	18.3	18.5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	18.2	19.1	17.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.8	11.8	15.2	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	112,340	54,660	57,670	470	205	265
Official languages	108,760	53,285	55,480	470	210	265
English	71,385	36,570	34,810	470	210	265
French	101,155	49,285	51,875	20	10	10
Non-official languages	61,950	30,135	31,815	20	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	61,950	30,135	31,815	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,885	10,825	10,060	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,895	985	910	0	0	0
Kabyle	1,160	610	550	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	745	380	365	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	125	50	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	19,990	10,355	9,635	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arabic	19,890	10,310	9,580	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	35	30	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,235	1,080	1,155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	580	305	275	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,685	790	895	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	480	190	295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	70	30	40	0	0	0
Malay	50	25	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	320	110	210	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	4,260	1,950	2,305	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	230	120	105	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,950	1,805	2,150	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,070	550	515	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	1,045	535	515	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	29,345	13,785	15,560	0	0	0
Albanian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Armenian	3,225	1,495	1,730	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,115	1,005	1,110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,105	1,005	1,105	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	275	95	180	0	0	0
Croatian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	340	150	190	0	0	0
Russian	1,210	645	565	0	0	0
Serbian	110	50	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	55	35	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	50	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	760	395	365	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	50	15	35	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	685	365	325	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	4,195	2,040	2,160	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,355	1,655	1,695	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,700	1,350	1,350	0	0	0
Bengali	480	250	230	0	0	0
Gujarati	635	305	335	0	0	0
Hindi	440	225	215	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	665	335	330	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Urdu	1,130	545	580	0	0	0
Iranian languages	705	325	385	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pashto	225	115	105	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	510	230	280	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	16,980	7,795	9,185	0	0	0
Catalan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Italian	6,175	2,815	3,360	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,265	645	620	0	0	0
Romanian	1,485	710	775	0	0	0
Spanish	9,055	4,100	4,955	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	160	80	80	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	3,280	1,630	1,645	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	185	110	70	0	0	0
Bamanankan	260	115	140	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	90	65	25	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	305	160	150	0	0	0
Ga	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	615	270	345	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	260	115	145	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	185	90	100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	320	175	145	0	0	0
Wolof	380	220	160	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	35	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,015	505	515	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	90	30	55	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,285	1,145	1,135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,280	1,145	1,140	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,195	595	605	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,060	520	535	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	160	85	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	70	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	200	75	120	0	0	0
Lao	150	60	95	0	0	0
Thai	70	30	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	665	315	345	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	625	295	325	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	130	40	95	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	35	90	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	135	80	55	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	112,340	54,665	57,675	475	210	265
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	96,335	46,810	49,525	460	200	260
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,230	10,330	9,900	10	0	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,105	36,485	39,620	455	200	255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	16,000	7,855	8,150	10	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	112,340	54,665	57,675	470	205	265
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	64,275	30,915	33,360	420	185	230
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	45,950	22,650	23,295	55	20	35
Before 1981	8,965	4,355	4,610	45	15	30
1981 to 1990	5,140	2,755	2,390	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	7,555	3,615	3,935	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	12,625	6,280	6,340	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	4,840	2,360	2,485	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	7,785	3,920	3,865	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	11,665	5,650	6,020	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,115	1,095	1,015	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	45,945	22,650	23,300	55	25	30
Under 5 years	4,220	2,100	2,120	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	6,385	3,230	3,160	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	9,045	4,055	4,985	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	22,930	11,695	11,230	25	10	15
45 years and over	3,365	1,570	1,800	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45,950	22,650	23,300	55	20	30
Americas	7,370	3,485	3,885	10	0	0
Brazil	135	80	55	0	0	0
Colombia	445	200	240	0	0	0
El Salvador	540	240	305	0	0	0
Guyana	65	40	25	0	0	0
Haiti	3,205	1,425	1,780	0	0	0
Jamaica	105	65	40	0	0	0
Mexico	430	200	225	0	0	0
Peru	385	170	210	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	25	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	340	190	150	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,665	850	820	0	0	0
Europe	9,365	4,450	4,915	45	20	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	10	25	0	0	0
Croatia	50	20	30	0	0	0
France	1,580	840	740	0	0	0
Germany	100	40	60	0	0	0
Greece	1,835	885	945	0	0	0
Hungary	45	0	45	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	2,325	1,055	1,275	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	10	10	0	10
Poland	200	85	110	0	0	0
Portugal	575	270	300	0	0	0
Romania	950	430	515	0	0	0
Russian Federation	205	100	105	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Ukraine	170	55	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	25	45	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Europe	1,140	600	545	0	0	0
Africa	15,060	7,770	7,290	0	0	0
Algeria	3,950	2,050	1,900	0	0	0
Egypt	1,125	570	560	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kenya	25	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	3,875	1,995	1,885	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somalia	70	30	45	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	5,950	3,085	2,865	0	0	0
Asia	14,100	6,925	7,170	0	0	0
Afghanistan	235	105	130	0	0	0
Bangladesh	325	150	175	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,030	410	615	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	115	45	70	0	0	0
India	665	355	315	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	225	100	120	0	0	0
Iraq	180	95	85	0	0	0
Japan	50	30	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	3,225	1,665	1,560	0	0	0
Pakistan	775	400	375	0	0	0
Philippines	250	85	160	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	725	370	355	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	3,305	1,680	1,625	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	1,190	565	635	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,760	860	900	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,665	5,650	6,020	0	0	0
Americas	1,600	745	855	0	0	0
Brazil	75	35	40	0	0	0
Colombia	175	70	105	0	0	0
Cuba	140	80	65	0	0	0
Haiti	645	305	345	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	130	60	70	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	45	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	265	115	150	0	0	0
Europe	1,105	515	590	0	0	0
France	340	150	200	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	205	100	105	0	0	0
Romania	160	60	95	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	275	150	125	0	0	0
Africa	6,070	2,955	3,105	0	0	0
Algeria	1,470	680	785	0	0	0
Cameroon	570	255	320	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	250	130	125	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	565	265	295	0	0	0
Egypt	170	95	70	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	1,410	695	715	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	405	215	195	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
Asia	2,890	1,425	1,465	0	0	0
Afghanistan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	70	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Iraq	70	35	30	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	420	200	220	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	40	55	0	0	0
Philippines	65	30	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	20	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	1,575	815	760	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	160	85	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	112,335	54,660	57,670	470	205	265
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	48,590	24,075	24,515	55	25	35
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,195	11,760	11,440	165	80	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	40,555	18,830	21,720	245	100	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	37,530	18,555	18,970	10	10	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	19,005	10,435	8,570	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	9,840	6,460	3,380	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	9,170	3,970	5,195	0	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10,415	3,750	6,670	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	7,550	4,065	3,480	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	560	315	245	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	112,340	54,660	57,675	470	210	265
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	450	220	225	30	10	20
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	405	185	220	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	200	100	100	20	0	10
Métis	200	85	110	10	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	111,885	54,440	57,450	445	200	245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	112,340	54,665	57,675	470	205	265
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	130	85	45	20	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	112,205	54,580	57,630	455	205	250
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	112,340	54,665	57,675	475	210	265
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	275	105	170	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	265	105	160	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	220	90	130	15	10	10
Métis single ancestry	45	15	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,900	825	1,075	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,880	810	1,075	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,640	705	940	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	95	125	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	110,160	53,730	56,430	445	195	250
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	112,340	54,665	57,670	475	205	265
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	42,755	21,560	21,200	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	4,175	2,165	2,015	0	0	0
Chinese	2,265	1,070	1,190	0	0	0
Black	12,860	6,275	6,585	0	0	0
Filipino	345	130	220	0	0	0
Latin American	3,800	1,905	1,890	0	0	0
Arab	14,715	7,820	6,895	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,570	1,225	1,345	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	795	365	435	0	0	0
Korean	105	55	50	0	0	0
Japanese	135	45	85	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	200	105	100	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	780	405	380	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	69,585	33,105	36,475	470	205	265
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	112,335	54,665	57,675	470	210	265
North American Aboriginal origins	2,180	930	1,245	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,885	805	1,075	25	10	15
Inuit	25	15	10	0	0	0
Métis	295	130	165	10	0	10
Other North American origins	32,150	15,010	17,140	125	60	70
Acadian	290	130	160	0	0	0
American	415	160	255	0	0	10
Canadian	30,130	14,115	16,015	115	50	65
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,855	860	990	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	41,275	19,925	21,350	405	175	225
British Isles origins	6,035	2,930	3,105	300	130	175
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,665	840	825	225	110	115
Irish	3,670	1,765	1,905	60	20	40
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,595	740	850	90	40	50
Welsh	55	25	35	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	95	50	50	15	0	10
French origins	20,080	9,840	10,240	45	15	30
Alsatian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Breton	150	95	55	0	0	0
Corsican	15	0	10	0	0	0
French	19,995	9,800	10,195	45	15	30
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,620	1,240	1,380	95	50	50
Austrian	100	60	45	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	715	375	340	0	0	0
Dutch	145	65	85	10	0	15
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,500	665	835	80	45	35
Luxembourger	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	290	130	160	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	170	100	70	55	20	35
Danish	20	10	10	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	115	70	40	20	0	15
Swedish	25	15	15	15	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,980	1,870	2,110	40	25	15
Bulgarian	320	110	210	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	70	45	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	10	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	350	155	195	15	0	10
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	430	245	190	0	0	0
Polish	730	380	355	10	10	0
Romanian	1,245	570	675	0	0	0
Russian	645	320	325	10	0	0
Slovak	85	65	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	470	215	260	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	15,865	7,610	8,255	10	0	10
Albanian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Catalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	40	55	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	4,695	2,325	2,375	0	0	0
Italian	8,135	3,820	4,310	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,460	700	760	0	0	0
Serbian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,675	835	835	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	250	160	95	0	0	0
Basque	45	25	15	0	0	0
Jewish	135	85	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	6,055	2,915	3,140	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	290	160	130	0	0	0
Dominican	380	200	175	0	0	0
Grenadian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	4,720	2,170	2,545	0	0	0
Jamaican	195	105	90	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	55	25	35	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	105	70	40	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,070	2,045	2,030	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	165	95	75	0	0	0
Arawak	15	15	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	105	60	40	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Brazilian	95	65	35	0	0	0
Chilean	290	130	155	0	0	0
Colombian	505	225	275	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Guatemalan	340	195	150	0	0	0
Guyanese	85	50	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	150	80	65	0	0	0
Maya	40	30	10	0	0	0
Mexican	615	280	330	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	105	70	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	510	255	255	0	0	0
Salvadorean	770	370	400	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	175	85	90	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	240	120	115	0	0	0
African origins	20,495	10,540	9,950	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	5,190	2,635	2,560	0	0	0
Akan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Angolan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	205	110	95	0	0	0
Burkinabe	95	55	45	0	0	0
Cameroonian	1,060	500	565	0	0	0
Chadian	220	120	100	0	0	0
Congolese	965	460	505	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	30	20	15	0	0	0
Gabonese	60	25	30	0	0	0
Gambian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ghanaian	240	130	115	0	0	0
Guinean	370	200	165	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	675	320	360	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	350	150	200	0	0	0
Malinké	60	30	30	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Peulh	150	85	60	0	0	0
Senegalese	420	230	185	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Togolese	205	105	100	0	0	0
Wolof	65	45	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	340	185	155	0	0	0
North African origins	12,620	6,610	6,005	0	0	0
Algerian	3,945	2,085	1,860	0	0	0
Berber	2,045	1,050	1,000	0	0	0
Coptic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	1,170	600	570	0	0	0
Libyan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	4,730	2,465	2,260	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	1,220	660	560	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	260	145	115	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,195	560	635	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Burundian	325	155	165	0	0	0
Djiboutian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	100	50	50	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	275	120	155	0	0	0
Seychellois	75	20	45	0	0	0
Somali	175	75	100	0	0	0
South African	30	20	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,785	900	880	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	135	85	55	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,700	845	850	0	0	0
Asian origins	25,730	12,850	12,875	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15,630	7,925	7,705	0	0	0
Afghan	335	130	205	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	2,990	1,565	1,420	0	0	0
Armenian	3,385	1,635	1,750	0	0	0
Assyrian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	265	115	145	0	0	0
Iraqi	195	85	110	0	0	0
Israeli	80	40	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	35	25	0	0	0	0
Kurd	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	4,910	2,470	2,440	0	0	0
Palestinian	260	145	115	0	0	0
Pashtun	70	35	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	3,470	1,810	1,655	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	655	310	345	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	15	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	125	60	60	0	0	0
South Asian origins	4,255	2,195	2,055	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	310	175	130	0	0	0
Bengali	130	55	70	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,770	940	830	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	965	475	490	0	0	0
Punjabi	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	900	445	455	0	0	0
Tamil	245	145	100	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	60	30	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,965	2,785	3,180	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	650	335	320	0	0	0
Chinese	2,975	1,440	1,535	0	0	0
Filipino	435	160	275	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	145	55	95	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	50	0	0	0
Laotian	155	55	105	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,895	905	995	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	50	35	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	50	35	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	35	20	0	0	0
Australian	35	25	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	50,925	...	...	285	...	...
Owner	20,460	...	...	270	...	...
Renter	30,465	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
Condominium	9,445	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	41,485	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
No bedrooms	910	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	16,695	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,100	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,675	...	...	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,550	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	50,925	...	...	285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	28,710	...	...	40	...	...
5 rooms	8,635	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	4,045	...	...	105	...	...
7 rooms	3,340	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,205	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.7	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
One person or fewer per room	48,755	...	...	285	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,175	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
Suitable	45,315	...	...	285	...	...
Not suitable	5,610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
1960 or before	18,320	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,545	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,775	...	...	150	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,080	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,390	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,570	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	47,550	...	...	270	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,375	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	50,930	...	...	285	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,360	...	...	170	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,700	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	865	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	50,925	...	...	285	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,505	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,490	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,185	...	...	10	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,665	...	...	0	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,135	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,610	...	...	125	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,365	...	...	90	...	...
85 years and over	1,970	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	50,895	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,420	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	14,475	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,585	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,460	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,101	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,307	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	424,873	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	454,498	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,470	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	716	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	779	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	210	255
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,880	7,540	8,340	90	45	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,050	8,485	9,555	195	75	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,525	28,450	30,075	180	85	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,115	5,155	3,960	65	40	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,580	3,400	3,180	25	10	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,540	1,760	780	40	25	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,210	6,960	8,260	95	35	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,345	1,980	2,365	10	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	29,845	14,350	15,500	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree	17,260	8,045	9,215	20	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,100	1,400	1,695	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,015	475	540	0	0	0
Master's degree	7,260	3,700	3,560	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,210	730	485	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	61,780	30,730	31,045	60	25	40
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,420	3,385	3,035	10	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,970	5,055	4,915	40	15	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,385	22,295	23,095	15	0	15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,890	3,840	3,050	0	0	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,075	2,575	2,500	0	0	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,815	1,260	555	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,310	4,955	5,350	15	0	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,365	1,600	1,760	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,830	11,905	12,925	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree	14,270	6,740	7,535	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,530	1,115	1,410	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	780	305	470	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,260	3,175	3,090	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	995	570	425	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	92,450	44,475	47,980	465	210	260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,925	16,030	17,905	280	120	160
Education	3,480	715	2,765	15	10	10
13. Education	3,480	715	2,765	15	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,760	1,275	1,485	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	350	300	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,415	970	1,445	0	10	0
Humanities	4,350	1,790	2,565	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	810	220	590	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	350	110	240	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,680	670	1,015	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	245	165	85	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	125	60	0	0	0
54. History	360	210	150	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	705	280	420	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,875	2,785	5,090	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	145	40	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	960	320	635	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,195	140	1,060	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,570	605	965	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	35	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,160	290	870	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,705	1,355	1,350	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,930	6,035	7,895	30	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	770	170	605	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,155	5,865	7,290	20	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,175	1,660	1,515	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,205	460	745	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	495	310	190	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	435	215	220	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	895	605	290	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	70	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,280	2,370	915	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,600	1,990	615	0	0	0
25. Library science	235	60	170	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	385	265	120	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	60	50	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,570	8,245	1,330	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	625	355	270	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,865	3,105	760	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,590	1,395	185	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,325	1,300	30	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,470	1,430	40	15	15	0
48. Precision production	700	660	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	335	200	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	250	120	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	85	80	10	0	0
Health and related fields	7,070	1,895	5,170	25	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	400	185	215	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,325	1,555	4,770	25	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	345	155	190	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,510	1,350	1,160	30	10	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,530	535	995	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	550	420	125	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	415	385	35	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	61,780	30,735	31,045	65	25	40
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,390	8,440	7,955	50	20	25
Education	2,315	470	1,850	0	0	0
13. Education	2,315	465	1,850	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,135	1,045	1,085	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	250	215	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,885	830	1,055	0	0	0
Humanities	2,865	1,150	1,720	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	660	180	485	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	285	90	195	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	850	325	525	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	175	110	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	90	20	0	0	0
54. History	260	155	100	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	510	190	315	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,215	2,195	4,020	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	125	40	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	795	265	525	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	110	785	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,310	485	830	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	20	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	820	165	655	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,175	1,110	1,070	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,345	4,885	6,460	0	10	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	570	125	445	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,770	4,760	6,015	10	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,220	1,135	1,080	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,065	400	665	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	265	180	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	105	50	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	685	450	230	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	55	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,905	2,135	775	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,385	1,840	540	0	0	0
25. Library science	180	45	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	305	215	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	35	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,665	6,465	1,205	0	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	520	285	230	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,390	2,665	730	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,185	1,040	145	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	935	910	25	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,145	1,105	40	0	0	0
48. Precision production	485	455	35	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	465	300	160	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	305	215	90	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	80	70	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,305	1,435	3,865	10	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	340	165	175	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,695	1,170	3,520	10	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	270	95	170	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,955	1,075	880	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,195	440	750	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	400	310	100	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	350	320	35	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	205	260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,930	16,025	17,900	285	120	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	58,525	28,450	30,080	185	85	100
Location of study inside Canada	44,610	21,055	23,555	165	75	85
Same as province or territory of residence	43,590	20,470	23,125	115	50	60
Different than province or territory of residence	1,020	585	430	50	25	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	13,915	7,395	6,520	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	260	180	0	0	0
Philippines	125	35	90	0	0	0
India	185	115	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	115	60	60	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	200	90	110	0	0	0
France	1,810	1,170	640	0	0	0
Other	11,035	5,660	5,370	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	61,780	30,735	31,050	65	25	40
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,390	8,440	7,955	50	20	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,385	22,290	23,095	15	0	15
Location of study inside Canada	33,365	16,005	17,360	15	0	15
Same as province or territory of residence	32,590	15,585	17,010	15	10	10
Different than province or territory of residence	775	425	350	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,020	6,285	5,740	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	320	190	130	0	0	0
Philippines	120	35	85	0	0	0
India	145	75	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	50	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	185	80	105	0	0	0
France	1,610	1,030	580	0	0	0
Other	9,545	4,820	4,730	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	210	260
In the labour force	57,515	30,500	27,015	95	60	30
Employed	51,830	27,465	24,365	90	60	30
Unemployed	5,685	3,035	2,650	0	0	10
Not in the labour force	34,935	13,970	20,965	375	150	220
Participation rate	62.2	68.6	56.3	20.4	28.6	11.5
Employment rate	56.1	61.8	50.8	19.4	28.6	11.5
Unemployment rate	9.9	10.0	9.8	0.0	0.0	33.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	92,455	44,475	47,980	465	205	255
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	34,565	14,105	20,455	365	145	225
Worked	57,885	30,365	27,525	100	65	35
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,485	14,325	11,165	25	10	20
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,405	16,040	16,365	75	55	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.8	40.6	39.2	37.5	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,515	30,500	27,010	95	60	30
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,535	1,300	1,235	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	54,980	29,210	25,780	95	60	35
Employee	48,630	25,225	23,405	80	40	30
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,350	3,980	2,370	15	20	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,515	30,505	27,010	95	60	35
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,530	1,295	1,240	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	54,985	29,205	25,775	95	60	35
0 Management occupations	5,255	3,220	2,035	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,930	3,910	6,020	15	0	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,155	4,085	1,070	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,010	1,120	2,890	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,410	2,230	5,180	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,265	1,135	1,130	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	13,575	7,215	6,355	25	20	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,620	4,315	300	25	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	175	45	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,535	1,785	755	10	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,520	30,505	27,015	95	60	35
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,535	1,300	1,235	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	54,980	29,205	25,775	95	60	35
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	225	170	55	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	375	180	195	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,560	1,360	200	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,325	3,720	1,605	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,475	1,540	930	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,370	3,255	3,105	10	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,585	2,035	550	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,985	1,200	785	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,690	1,315	1,375	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,070	730	340	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,605	3,430	2,180	0	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	10	40	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,445	2,200	1,240	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,420	1,490	2,930	0	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	7,245	1,735	5,510	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	970	515	460	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,575	1,980	1,600	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,530	1,115	1,415	10	10	0
91 Public administration	2,460	1,205	1,250	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	51,830	27,465	24,365	90	60	35
Worked at home	3,150	1,715	1,435	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	195	150	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,955	2,815	1,145	15	10	0
Worked at usual place	44,525	22,790	21,740	80	50	35
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,530	22,785	21,745	80	45	35
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	35,020	17,285	17,730	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,505	1,945	1,560	40	35	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,835	3,435	2,395	35	15	25
Commute to a different province or territory	170	115	55	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	48,485	25,605	22,885	90	60	30
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,360	14,960	10,400	90	55	30
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,275	395	880	10	0	0
Public transit	17,520	8,085	9,440	0	0	0
Walked	2,830	1,130	1,695	0	0	0
Bicycle	1,170	815	360	0	0	0
Other method	330	220	110	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	48,490	25,605	22,885	95	60	35
Less than 15 minutes	6,335	2,905	3,435	0	0	10
15 to 29 minutes	15,750	8,685	7,065	50	25	25
30 to 44 minutes	14,495	8,065	6,435	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	7,250	3,580	3,665	15	15	0
60 minutes and over	4,655	2,365	2,290	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	48,490	25,600	22,885	90	60	30
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,445	1,805	640	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,905	4,130	2,780	15	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,735	7,155	7,580	15	10	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,565	5,150	6,410	20	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,780	2,940	2,835	15	10	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,065	4,425	2,640	20	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,015	31,480	28,535	105	65	40
Single responses	50,615	26,170	24,450	100	65	35
Official languages	49,755	25,710	24,050	100	65	35
English	9,470	5,320	4,145	100	65	40
French	40,285	20,385	19,895	0	0	0
Non-official languages	860	460	405	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	860	460	400	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	125	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	130	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	190	130	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	185	175	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	110	60	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	95	90	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	25	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	9,405	5,315	4,090	0	0	0
English and French	8,200	4,650	3,555	0	0	0
English and non-official language	240	130	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	390	210	180	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	570	325	245	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,020	31,480	28,540	100	60	35
None	34,055	17,295	16,760	100	65	35
English	17,715	9,655	8,060	0	0	0
French	5,735	3,120	2,615	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,735	975	755	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,730	970	760	0	0	0
English and French	55	35	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	525	300	230	0	0	0
French and non-official language	190	100	90	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	110,875	53,845	57,035	470	205	265
Non-movers	95,815	46,215	49,600	415	185	230
Movers	15,060	7,625	7,430	55	25	30
Non-migrants	9,935	4,965	4,975	25	10	10
Migrants	5,125	2,665	2,460	35	20	20
Internal migrants	1,855	1,035	815	30	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	1,675	935	740	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	175	100	80	0	0	0
External migrants	3,270	1,625	1,640	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	104,730	50,745	53,990	470	205	265
Non-movers	59,920	28,480	31,440	310	130	180
Movers	44,810	22,260	22,550	165	75	85
Non-migrants	28,160	14,020	14,140	90	35	55
Migrants	16,655	8,245	8,410	70	45	30
Internal migrants	5,945	3,060	2,885	70	40	30
Intraprovincial migrants	5,405	2,770	2,635	70	40	30
Interprovincial migrants	545	295	255	0	0	0
External migrants	10,705	5,180	5,525	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Matsqui 4, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Matsqui 4, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Matsqui 4, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ahuntsic-Cartierville [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Matsqui 4, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia