Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Alfred-Pellan Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Two Hills, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,373	...	...	1,352	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,045	...	...	1,379	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.4	...	...	-2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	39,078	...	...	478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,948	...	...	399	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	889.4	...	...	400.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	113.98	...	...	3.38	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,375	49,495	51,875	1,355	655	695
0 to 14 years	16,940	8,635	8,305	420	200	215
0 to 4 years	4,920	2,495	2,425	155	80	70
5 to 9 years	6,030	3,100	2,925	160	75	85
10 to 14 years	5,985	3,035	2,955	105	45	55
15 to 64 years	66,695	32,885	33,805	675	345	335
15 to 19 years	6,325	3,320	3,010	90	45	50
20 to 24 years	6,720	3,385	3,335	75	40	35
25 to 29 years	5,405	2,685	2,720	85	45	45
30 to 34 years	5,330	2,565	2,765	85	45	35
35 to 39 years	5,915	2,810	3,100	75	30	40
40 to 44 years	6,580	3,155	3,420	60	35	25
45 to 49 years	7,450	3,640	3,810	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	8,420	4,225	4,195	45	30	20
55 to 59 years	8,100	3,995	4,105	55	35	25
60 to 64 years	6,440	3,095	3,345	65	25	40
65 years and over	17,745	7,980	9,760	255	110	150
65 to 69 years	5,145	2,525	2,625	65	35	30
70 to 74 years	4,180	1,915	2,260	50	25	30
75 to 79 years	3,345	1,510	1,830	50	25	25
80 to 84 years	2,785	1,215	1,570	35	15	20
85 years and over	2,295	825	1,475	60	10	45
85 to 89 years	1,565	610	950	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	605	180	420	25	5	20
95 to 99 years	115	25	85	5	0	5
100 years and over	20	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.4	16.0	31.0	30.5	30.9
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.4	65.2	49.8	52.7	48.2
65 years and over	17.5	16.1	18.8	18.8	16.8	21.6
85 years and over	2.3	1.7	2.8	4.4	1.5	6.5
Average age of the population	41.7	40.7	42.6	35.5	33.9	37.1
Median age of the population	43.1	42.2	43.9	30.2	29.2	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,950	...	...	400	...	...
Single-detached house	20,340	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	575	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	17,010	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,120	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	865	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,495	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,945	...	...	395	...	...
1 person	9,205	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	12,440	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	6,165	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	6,610	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	3,535	...	...	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	98,215	...	...	1,225	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	84,435	40,865	43,570	935	450	480
Married or living common law	48,660	24,465	24,195	570	290	285
Married	36,060	18,185	17,875	530	270	260
Living common law	12,600	6,280	6,320	45	20	20
Not married and not living common law	35,775	16,405	19,375	360	160	195
Never married	24,140	12,705	11,435	190	115	75
Separated	1,385	585	795	10	5	10
Divorced	5,555	2,020	3,535	50	25	25
Widowed	4,695	1,095	3,600	105	15	90
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,500	...	...	290	...	...
2 persons	13,145	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	6,095	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	6,545	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	2,725	...	...	100	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,500	...	...	285	...	...
Total couple families	23,410	...	...	265	...	...
Married couples	17,140	...	...	240	...	...
Common-law couples	6,275	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,085	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	3,970	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	1,120	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,410	...	...	265	...	...
Couples without children	10,060	...	...	105	...	...
Couples with children	13,350	...	...	155	...	...
1 child	4,600	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	6,150	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	2,595	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,090	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	3,080	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,490	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	515	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,125	5,990	7,130	135	60	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,950	...	...	400	...	...
One-census-family households	27,225	...	...	290	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,635	...	...	110	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,595	...	...	180	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	620	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,095	...	...	110	...	...
One-person households	9,205	...	...	100	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	890	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	99,675	48,430	51,240	1,270	620	650
English only	1,980	1,045	930	1,135	555	575
French only	39,715	17,550	22,175	0	0	0
English and French	56,890	29,465	27,425	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	1,090	375	715	115	55	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	99,675	48,435	51,240	1,265	620	650
English	16,405	8,300	8,100	1,140	560	580
French	76,740	36,815	39,925	15	5	10
English and French	5,480	2,955	2,525	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,050	360	690	110	60	55
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	19,145	9,780	9,365	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	19.2	20.2	18.3	1.2	0.8	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	99,675	48,430	51,245	1,265	620	650
Single responses	95,760	46,475	49,285	1,255	615	640
Official languages	68,605	33,220	35,380	470	225	245
English	6,965	3,545	3,425	450	220	230
French	61,635	29,675	31,960	20	5	15
Non-official languages	27,160	13,255	13,900	785	390	395
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,160	13,260	13,900	785	390	395
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,630	2,370	2,255	0	0	0
Berber languages	695	350	345	0	0	0
Kabyle	385	195	190	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	310	155	155	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,930	2,020	1,905	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	3,920	2,015	1,900	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	805	375	425	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	270	125	145	0	0	0
Vietnamese	530	250	280	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	40	75	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	20	45	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	3,150	1,330	1,815	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	105	45	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,040	1,280	1,765	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	170	80	90	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	170	80	90	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,205	8,550	8,655	765	385	380
Albanian	95	50	40	0	0	0
Armenian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	665	305	355	65	30	35
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	655	300	355	65	25	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Croatian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	115	50	65	5	0	5
Russian	220	90	130	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	55	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	70	70	695	350	340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	50	55	690	345	345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	285	145	140	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	140	125	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	60	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15,660	7,780	7,875	5	0	5
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	9,645	4,875	4,770	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,195	570	630	0	0	0
Romanian	945	470	475	5	0	0
Spanish	3,865	1,865	2,000	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	120	135	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	15	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	40	15	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	380	175	205	0	0	0
Chinese languages	385	180	205	0	5	0
Cantonese	150	70	80	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	75	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Lao	95	45	50	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	255	125	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	250	125	125	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,910	1,955	1,955	15	5	5
English and French	935	475	460	0	0	0
English and non-official language	565	280	285	15	5	5
French and non-official language	1,930	935	995	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	480	265	215	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	99,675	48,430	51,245	1,265	620	645
Single responses	91,955	44,675	47,275	1,205	585	615
Official languages	81,680	39,780	41,895	580	280	300
English	14,935	7,570	7,365	580	280	295
French	66,745	32,210	34,535	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10,280	4,900	5,380	625	310	315
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,275	4,895	5,380	625	310	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,850	925	925	0	0	0
Berber languages	215	105	115	0	0	0
Kabyle	145	70	75	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,630	820	805	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,630	820	810	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	580	270	310	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	180	80	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	400	190	210	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	15	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,015	420	600	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	35	20	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	980	400	580	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	60	75	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	135	60	75	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,120	2,960	3,165	620	305	315
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	180	180	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	355	175	180	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	40	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	135	65	70	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	10	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	615	305	310
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	15	575	285	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Greek	85	40	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	40	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,370	2,585	2,790	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,770	840	930	0	0	0
Portuguese	475	230	250	0	0	0
Romanian	655	325	330	0	0	0
Spanish	2,465	1,190	1,280	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	5	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	120	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	255	125	130	5	0	0
Cantonese	90	45	45	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	65	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Lao	45	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	150	70	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	150	70	75	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,720	3,755	3,965	65	35	30
English and French	1,525	770	750	0	0	0
English and non-official language	760	365	400	65	35	30
French and non-official language	4,350	2,070	2,285	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,085	545	530	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	99,675	48,430	51,245	1,265	620	645
None	73,690	35,665	38,025	945	465	480
English	5,605	2,845	2,760	210	105	110
French	7,055	3,465	3,585	5	0	5
Non-official language	10,615	5,135	5,485	100	50	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,615	5,135	5,485	100	55	55
English and French	715	360	360	0	0	0
English and non-official language	790	365	425	5	0	5
French and non-official language	1,190	590	595	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	81,300	39,325	41,975	810	405	405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,790	37,570	40,225	770	395	380
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,933	40,111	32,279	30,048	40,832	23,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,810	37,575	40,240	770	395	380
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,682	34,638	28,925	28,096	36,224	22,208
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,815	34,935	35,885	640	365	280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,566	37,386	28,332	31,552	39,232	22,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,350	25,855	32,490	515	225	295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,299	4,452	7,412	7,072	2,936	9,312
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,330	29,500	28,830	545	325	220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,717	37,067	30,971	34,432	40,704	25,984
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	81,235	39,280	41,955	800	400	395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,825	37,540	40,285	755	380	375
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,853	50,849	39,265	38,319	46,119	30,369
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,825	37,535	40,285	760	385	375
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,375	40,277	32,740	30,653	39,311	21,831
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,915	34,840	36,070	640	370	270
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,446	49,332	35,795	38,842	43,897	31,963
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,505	25,820	32,680	470	195	270
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,217	7,364	8,890	9,102	7,621	10,170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,260	29,350	28,910	540	325	215
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,691	48,161	37,137	41,100	44,803	35,565
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	81,230	39,280	41,955	800	405	400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,150	14,025	12,125	235	180	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,413	54,330	45,072	54,513	55,397	48,303
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,579	65,039	51,108	55,494	56,154	53,290
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.4	90.2	81.8	83.5	91.2	73.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.9	73.0	68.2	74.3	82.0	62.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.6	9.8	18.2	16.2	9.0	26.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	81,300	39,325	41,975	815	405	410
Without total income	3,505	1,755	1,755	45	15	25
With total income	77,790	37,570	40,220	770	390	380
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.5	95.8	94.5	96.3	92.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,490	4,305	5,185	115	40	75
$10,000 to $19,999	12,750	5,025	7,730	140	65	80
$20,000 to $29,999	10,825	4,820	6,005	130	50	80
$30,000 to $39,999	9,910	4,570	5,340	85	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	9,405	4,440	4,965	90	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	7,080	3,480	3,600	70	50	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,020	2,660	2,360	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,970	2,150	1,820	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,690	1,580	1,110	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,715	1,080	630	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	4,940	3,460	1,480	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	3,275	2,220	1,055	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	1,665	1,235	425	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	81,295	39,325	41,975	810	410	410
Without after-tax income	3,485	1,750	1,735	45	15	25
With after-tax income	77,810	37,575	40,235	770	390	380
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.5	95.9	95.1	95.1	92.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,965	4,420	5,550	115	40	75
$10,000 to $19,999	13,430	5,415	8,010	145	60	85
$20,000 to $29,999	13,300	5,985	7,310	155	65	90
$30,000 to $39,999	13,240	6,290	6,950	100	60	45
$40,000 to $49,999	10,260	5,065	5,190	100	65	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,780	3,605	3,180	65	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,370	2,425	1,950	30	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,390	1,510	885	30	20	10
$80,000 and over	4,075	2,855	1,215	35	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,250	840	410	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	775	525	250	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,050	1,500	560	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	81,295	39,325	41,975	815	410	405
Without employment income	22,970	9,825	13,145	275	80	190
With employment income	58,330	29,500	28,825	545	325	215
Percentage with employment income	71.8	75.0	68.7	66.9	79.3	53.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,215	3,710	3,505	55	35	20
$5,000 to $9,999	4,455	1,985	2,465	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	8,005	3,700	4,305	85	45	40
$20,000 to $29,999	6,925	3,120	3,800	75	30	45
$30,000 to $39,999	6,995	3,160	3,835	55	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	6,180	2,865	3,310	70	40	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,770	2,490	2,275	60	50	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	1,985	1,640	30	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,165	1,705	1,460	20	15	10
$80,000 and over	7,005	4,785	2,225	55	40	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,985	1,260	725	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,280	865	415	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	3,740	2,660	1,085	35	25	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,945	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,129	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,223	...	...	57,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,205	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,916	...	...	32,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,922	...	...	30,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,745	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,069	...	...	74,325	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,278	...	...	66,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,000	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,855	...	...	72,765	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,496	...	...	58,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,265	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,697	...	...	44,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,512	...	...	37,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,735	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,067	...	...	84,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,749	...	...	66,629	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,950	...	...	400	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	285	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	605	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,050	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,375	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,170	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,390	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,680	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,670	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,745	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,235	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,055	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,810	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,245	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,750	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,465	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,020	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,985	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,280	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,945	...	...	400	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,120	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,545	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,400	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,985	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,080	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,010	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,095	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,920	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,675	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,250	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,710	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,315	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,590	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,030	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,130	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,430	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,175	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,190	...	...	74,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,340	...	...	66,432	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,360	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,205	...	...	74,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,094	...	...	66,688	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,435	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,864	...	...	76,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,786	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,730	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	54,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,460	...	...	52,736	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,140	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,278	...	...	84,991	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,856	...	...	66,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,310	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,855	...	...	94,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,903	...	...	80,186	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,520	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,918	...	...	83,477	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,301	...	...	73,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,655	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,786	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,416	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,985	5,185	5,800	120	50	70
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,817	38,272	33,728	32,704	38,528	31,232
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,422	33,049	30,044	30,016	32,448	28,736
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,020	5,185	5,840	130	50	80
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,766	46,575	39,387	42,086	43,357	41,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,063	37,306	33,072	36,245	36,504	36,081
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	98,215	47,950	50,265	1,230	610	620
In the bottom half of the distribution	48,755	23,240	25,515	870	430	440
In the bottom decile	4,990	2,405	2,580	165	90	80
In the second decile	8,020	3,645	4,375	200	90	105
In the third decile	11,560	5,495	6,070	205	95	105
In the fourth decile	11,905	5,715	6,185	180	90	95
In the fifth decile	12,285	5,980	6,305	115	65	55
In the top half of the distribution	49,455	24,705	24,750	355	180	175
In the sixth decile	12,000	5,895	6,105	115	55	60
In the seventh decile	11,085	5,520	5,560	70	35	30
In the eighth decile	10,645	5,325	5,330	70	40	35
In the ninth decile	8,685	4,385	4,305	60	35	30
In the top decile	7,045	3,590	3,450	40	15	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	98,215	47,950	50,265	1,230	610	620
0 to 17 years	20,545	10,530	10,020	475	235	245
0 to 5 years	6,075	3,090	2,985	190	100	90
18 to 64 years	62,160	30,220	31,940	605	305	300
65 years and over	15,510	7,200	8,310	145	70	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,440	3,835	4,610	270	145	125
0 to 17 years	1,945	990	955	140	75	60
0 to 5 years	600	290	310	65	40	25
18 to 64 years	4,810	2,280	2,530	110	60	50
65 years and over	1,685	570	1,120	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	8.0	9.2	22.0	23.8	20.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.4	9.5	29.5	31.9	24.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.4	10.4	34.2	40.0	27.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.5	7.9	18.2	19.7	16.7
65 years and over (%)	10.9	7.9	13.5	13.8	14.3	12.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,010	2,785	3,230	75	45	30
0 to 17 years	1,265	650	615	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	390	185	200	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	3,770	1,850	1,920	45	30	15
65 years and over	975	285	695	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	5.8	6.4	6.1	7.4	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.2	6.1	6.3	8.5	4.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.0	6.7	10.5	15.0	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.1	6.0	7.4	9.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	6.3	4.0	8.4	3.4	7.1	6.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	98,220	47,920	50,295	1,245	580	660
Official languages	97,195	47,590	49,605	1,155	550	610
English	58,380	30,180	28,200	1,155	550	605
French	95,230	46,600	48,635	20	10	10
Non-official languages	39,725	19,005	20,720	925	425	500
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	39,720	19,000	20,715	925	430	500
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,450	3,345	3,105	0	0	0
Berber languages	920	490	425	0	0	0
Kabyle	605	305	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	320	190	130	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5,990	3,110	2,880	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5,975	3,100	2,875	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,190	560	635	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	400	180	220	0	0	0
Vietnamese	830	405	425	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	35	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	30	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	6,285	2,725	3,565	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	155	75	85	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	6,175	2,680	3,495	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	70	65	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	130	70	60	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	24,660	11,945	12,715	915	425	485
Albanian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Armenian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,015	430	585	70	25	45
Baltic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	990	410	575	70	25	45
Belarusan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Croatian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	190	75	110	10	0	10
Russian	450	185	270	0	0	10
Serbian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	20	55	60	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	385	180	210	840	390	455
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	15	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	335	155	175	810	375	440
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	155	80	75
Greek	480	195	285	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	345	170	175	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	105	95	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hindi	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	60	40	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	65	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	20	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	95	45	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	22,595	10,965	11,625	55	40	10
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	13,890	6,875	7,010	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,745	835	910	0	0	0
Romanian	1,080	545	540	0	0	0
Spanish	7,085	3,345	3,740	50	35	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	25	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	30	35	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	620	255	365	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	65	40	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	190	65	130	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	55	20	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	245	105	140	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	25	55	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	65	20	45	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	135	175	0	0	0
Chinese languages	315	135	180	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	65	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Lao	75	35	40	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	355	185	170	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	350	185	165	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	98,215	47,920	50,295	1,240	580	660
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	94,050	45,940	48,115	1,110	510	605
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,925	10,230	9,695	455	210	250
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,125	35,710	38,415	655	300	355
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,170	1,980	2,185	135	75	60
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	98,215	47,920	50,300	1,240	580	665
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	75,495	37,000	38,500	755	350	400
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	22,405	10,765	11,640	445	205	235
Before 1981	6,425	3,220	3,210	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	3,470	1,595	1,880	45	15	35
1991 to 2000	4,140	1,900	2,235	65	50	10
2001 to 2010	6,175	3,035	3,135	195	80	110
2001 to 2005	3,235	1,660	1,580	75	25	45
2006 to 2010	2,935	1,380	1,560	115	55	60
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,200	1,020	1,180	130	55	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	315	155	160	45	25	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	22,405	10,765	11,640	440	205	235
Under 5 years	2,590	1,200	1,390	125	70	45
5 to 14 years	4,125	2,040	2,090	115	45	70
15 to 24 years	5,060	2,335	2,715	75	40	40
25 to 44 years	9,465	4,735	4,735	100	40	65
45 years and over	1,165	455	710	30	15	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	22,405	10,765	11,640	440	205	240
Americas	7,770	3,460	4,310	405	200	205
Brazil	70	25	40	0	0	0
Colombia	415	195	220	0	0	0
El Salvador	495	235	260	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	4,625	1,960	2,665	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	275	140	130	370	175	195
Peru	445	215	230	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	345	145	200	35	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	1,070	530	545	0	0	0
Europe	6,770	3,430	3,335	15	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	45	15	30	0	0	0
France	870	420	445	0	0	0
Germany	90	45	45	0	0	0
Greece	95	40	55	0	0	0
Hungary	45	30	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	3,170	1,665	1,510	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	15	0	0	0	0
Poland	80	30	55	10	0	10
Portugal	715	360	355	0	0	0
Romania	730	375	355	0	0	0
Russian Federation	80	25	50	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	15	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	715	365	350	0	0	0
Africa	4,585	2,285	2,300	15	0	10
Algeria	1,955	990	960	0	0	0
Egypt	170	85	85	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	1,255	625	630	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	10	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	1,190	580	615	0	0	0
Asia	3,265	1,585	1,680	0	0	0
Afghanistan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	15	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	175	45	135	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	1,125	610	510	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	90	30	65	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	110	55	50	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	245	120	120	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	575	265	315	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	680	325	360	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,195	1,020	1,180	125	55	70
Americas	1,075	490	585	120	55	65
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	75	30	50	0	0	0
Cuba	55	15	45	0	0	0
Haiti	690	310	375	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	40	0	110	50	55
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	35	25	15	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	45	60	0	0	0
Europe	305	135	175	0	0	0
France	65	25	45	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Romania	95	50	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	50	35	10	0	10
Africa	580	295	285	0	0	0
Algeria	160	90	75	0	0	0
Cameroon	110	60	50	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	20	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	10	15	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	105	45	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	120	65	55	0	0	0
Asia	230	100	130	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	85	40	45	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	98,215	47,920	50,295	1,245	580	660
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	22,970	11,020	11,950	540	260	275
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	22,325	11,105	11,220	405	165	240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	52,920	25,800	27,125	305	155	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	16,410	7,750	8,655	430	205	230
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,160	4,130	4,025	190	105	85
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,650	2,220	1,425	35	35	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,515	1,910	2,600	155	75	80
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,500	2,185	3,315	195	90	110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,610	1,375	1,230	45	0	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	145	65	80	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	98,215	47,920	50,295	1,245	580	660
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	795	375	430	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	755	350	405	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	350	170	180	10	0	0
Métis	390	180	215	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	97,415	47,550	49,870	1,230	575	655
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	98,215	47,920	50,300	1,245	580	660
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	170	60	115	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	98,040	47,865	50,180	1,235	575	660
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	98,215	47,920	50,295	1,245	580	660
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	405	180	225	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	395	175	225	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	345	145	200	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	45	25	20	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,875	800	1,075	20	10	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,855	780	1,070	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,590	680	910	10	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	75	150	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	95,935	46,940	48,995	1,220	570	650
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	98,215	47,920	50,295	1,245	580	665
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	22,775	10,875	11,905	20	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	460	245	210	0	0	0
Chinese	470	215	260	0	0	0
Black	10,930	4,975	5,960	10	0	0
Filipino	165	50	120	0	0	0
Latin American	3,700	1,815	1,890	0	0	10
Arab	5,000	2,585	2,415	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,425	670	750	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	220	105	115	0	0	0
Korean	75	45	30	0	0	0
Japanese	30	0	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	260	145	120	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	75,440	37,045	38,395	1,225	575	650
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	98,220	47,920	50,295	1,240	585	665
North American Aboriginal origins	2,280	975	1,305	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,970	850	1,115	10	0	10
Inuit	40	25	15	0	0	0
Métis	300	125	175	15	10	10
Other North American origins	39,935	19,390	20,545	300	130	165
Acadian	230	105	125	0	0	0
American	255	85	170	0	0	0
Canadian	37,675	18,230	19,445	300	135	170
New Brunswicker	20	20	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,185	1,155	1,030	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	10	0	0	0
European origins	44,555	21,940	22,620	895	405	485
British Isles origins	5,275	2,505	2,765	150	70	80
Channel Islander	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,260	640	615	85	30	55
Irish	3,420	1,565	1,855	80	30	50
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,115	485	630	75	40	40
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	95	80	10	10	0
French origins	17,160	8,370	8,790	80	40	40
Alsatian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Breton	80	35	45	0	0	0
Corsican	15	10	10	0	0	0
French	17,095	8,350	8,745	75	35	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,170	1,030	1,140	535	260	275
Austrian	190	90	95	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	690	320	370	0	0	0
Dutch	160	85	75	15	10	0
Flemish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,035	500	535	525	255	265
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	200	90	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	65	55	30	10	20
Danish	25	15	10	10	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	20	20	10	15
Swedish	65	35	30	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,925	1,400	1,525	270	125	150
Bulgarian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	250	100	150	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	55	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	90	20	60	0	0	0
Polish	600	270	330	25	10	15
Romanian	1,085	565	525	15	10	10
Russian	425	170	255	75	20	55
Slovak	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	445	195	250	165	90	75
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	23,345	11,675	11,670	0	10	0
Albanian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	905	430	475	0	0	0
Italian	19,095	9,655	9,440	0	10	0
Kosovar	15	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	70	45	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,330	1,115	1,215	0	0	0
Serbian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	75	50	30	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,615	795	820	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	65	105	10	10	0
Basque	20	0	25	0	0	0
Jewish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	40	45	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	9,045	4,070	4,975	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	180	80	105	0	0	0
Dominican	280	115	165	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	8,555	3,850	4,705	0	0	0
Jamaican	75	45	30	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	50	10	35	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	10	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,130	2,045	2,085	275	125	155
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	120	45	75	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Chilean	400	165	230	0	0	0
Colombian	570	265	310	0	0	0
Costa Rican	45	15	35	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Guatemalan	450	235	210	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Honduran	150	80	65	0	0	0
Maya	60	20	35	0	0	0
Mexican	465	280	190	280	120	160
Nicaraguan	55	15	40	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	695	350	340	0	0	0
Salvadorean	885	435	455	0	0	0
Uruguayan	70	45	25	0	0	0
Venezuelan	140	50	90	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	130	75	55	0	0	0
African origins	7,525	3,770	3,750	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	1,300	595	700	0	0	0
Akan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Angolan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	60	40	25	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	300	155	140	0	0	0
Chadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Congolese	395	160	240	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	85	25	60	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Malinké	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Peulh	25	20	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	120	45	75	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Togolese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	145	55	85	0	0	0
North African origins	5,025	2,570	2,455	0	0	0
Algerian	1,700	860	840	0	0	0
Berber	1,245	660	585	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	255	130	125	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,730	865	865	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	260	160	100	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	135	65	65	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Burundian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,150	570	575	15	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	110	65	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,040	510	530	15	10	10
Asian origins	7,450	3,735	3,715	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,635	2,425	2,210	0	0	0
Afghan	60	25	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	1,205	620	590	0	0	0
Armenian	290	155	135	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	110	50	55	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	30	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	10	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	2,150	1,135	1,010	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	480	245	235	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	460	240	215	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	30	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	455	230	225	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	195	100	90	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	35	25	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,385	1,090	1,290	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	510	240	275	0	0	0
Chinese	775	315	460	0	0	0
Filipino	185	55	130	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	45	30	0	0	0
Laotian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,010	515	490	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,000	...	...	395	...	...
Owner	28,285	...	...	345	...	...
Renter	9,710	...	...	55	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
Condominium	4,320	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	33,680	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,005	...	...	400	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,285	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,040	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,925	...	...	165	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,690	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,550	...	...	45	...	...
5 rooms	6,350	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	5,295	...	...	55	...	...
7 rooms	5,450	...	...	70	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,340	...	...	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,675	...	...	375	...	...
More than 1 person per room	330	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
Suitable	36,420	...	...	375	...	...
Not suitable	1,585	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,000	...	...	395	...	...
1960 or before	6,120	...	...	155	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,700	...	...	180	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,040	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,880	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,345	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,320	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,605	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,960	...	...	380	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,040	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,085	...	...	310	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,325	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	595	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,000	...	...	400	...	...
15 to 24 years	575	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,860	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,410	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,995	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,595	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,320	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,295	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	945	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,950	...	...	395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,835	...	...	300	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,110	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,510	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,255	...	...	345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.5	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	24.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,132	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,208	...	...	1,035	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,770	...	...	189,027	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	352,064	...	...	205,356	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,710	...	...	55	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	3.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.5	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	790	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	841	...	...	1,022	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	81,235	39,280	41,955	800	400	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,630	7,460	7,165	470	255	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,420	8,730	9,690	130	60	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,185	23,085	25,095	200	85	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,955	7,485	5,475	55	35	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,320	4,835	4,485	15	0	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,640	2,650	985	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,915	6,450	8,460	105	30	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,455	1,445	2,015	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,855	7,710	9,145	40	20	20
Bachelor's degree	11,510	4,990	6,520	35	20	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,710	780	935	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	480	265	220	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,765	1,415	1,350	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	385	255	130	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	52,810	25,540	27,265	480	235	240
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,775	3,330	2,440	280	150	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,340	5,010	5,330	65	35	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,695	17,200	19,495	130	50	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,760	5,405	4,355	25	10	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,090	3,475	3,610	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,670	1,925	745	15	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,290	4,445	5,850	70	25	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,565	1,075	1,485	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,080	6,275	7,805	35	20	20
Bachelor's degree	9,680	4,185	5,490	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,370	575	795	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	400	210	195	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,330	1,110	1,215	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	305	195	115	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	81,230	39,275	41,955	800	405	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,045	16,190	16,855	600	315	285
Education	3,370	760	2,610	15	10	0
13. Education	3,365	760	2,610	15	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,670	770	895	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	330	270	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,345	505	835	0	0	10
Humanities	2,320	900	1,420	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	340	50	285	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	100	50	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,305	515	795	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	45	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	75	20	0	0	0
54. History	155	90	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	230	70	160	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,085	1,635	3,450	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	490	195	295	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,060	70	995	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	920	325	595	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	720	165	560	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,770	870	905	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,220	4,715	7,510	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	495	125	370	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,730	4,590	7,140	30	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,865	1,020	845	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	635	290	340	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	320	195	125	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	335	160	170	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	475	315	165	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	55	45	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,185	1,680	505	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,865	1,515	355	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	20	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	205	130	75	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,090	8,385	710	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	375	255	120	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,765	1,470	295	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,665	1,545	120	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,295	2,235	60	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,910	1,845	65	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,075	1,030	40	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	380	200	185	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	325	175	145	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	25	35	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,545	1,210	5,330	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	305	120	180	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,145	1,025	5,115	60	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	55	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,455	1,815	1,645	20	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,930	495	1,435	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	915	740	175	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	610	575	30	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	52,805	25,540	27,270	480	240	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,115	8,340	7,775	345	185	165
Education	2,260	415	1,840	10	10	10
13. Education	2,260	415	1,840	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,235	545	690	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	235	175	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,000	370	630	10	0	10
Humanities	1,385	510	875	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	290	40	250	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	35	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	645	250	400	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	50	10	0	0	0
54. History	100	60	45	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	170	50	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,915	1,185	2,730	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	370	135	235	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	860	40	820	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	740	240	495	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	560	125	430	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,320	630	695	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,930	3,755	6,170	25	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	390	85	300	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,545	3,670	5,870	20	10	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,150	605	540	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	480	200	275	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	110	80	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	80	45	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	330	210	115	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	45	25	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,945	1,500	440	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,715	1,380	330	0	0	0
25. Library science	70	15	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	90	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,820	6,235	590	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	315	220	100	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,510	1,255	255	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,245	1,145	100	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,610	1,560	50	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,420	1,370	45	0	0	0
48. Precision production	725	690	30	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	320	150	165	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	130	135	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	25	30	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,155	920	4,235	45	10	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	110	160	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,805	765	4,045	40	10	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	55	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,580	1,365	1,215	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,405	350	1,060	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	645	515	130	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	525	495	30	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	81,230	39,280	41,955	800	400	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,045	16,190	16,860	600	310	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,185	23,090	25,100	205	90	115
Location of study inside Canada	43,640	20,675	22,965	180	75	105
Same as province or territory of residence	43,040	20,355	22,685	155	65	90
Different than province or territory of residence	605	325	280	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,545	2,410	2,130	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	225	135	85	0	0	0
Philippines	55	15	40	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	20	10	0	0	0
France	530	310	220	0	0	0
Other	3,680	1,910	1,770	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	52,810	25,535	27,270	480	235	245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,115	8,340	7,775	345	185	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,695	17,200	19,495	130	55	80
Location of study inside Canada	32,975	15,310	17,660	115	40	70
Same as province or territory of residence	32,470	15,055	17,415	100	35	60
Different than province or territory of residence	505	255	245	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,720	1,885	1,835	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	165	95	65	0	0	0
Philippines	55	15	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	15	10	0	0	0
France	385	215	175	0	0	0
Other	3,080	1,540	1,545	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	81,230	39,280	41,950	800	400	400
In the labour force	53,805	27,250	26,555	465	285	180
Employed	50,280	25,350	24,930	440	265	175
Unemployed	3,525	1,895	1,630	30	20	10
Not in the labour force	27,430	12,030	15,395	330	120	215
Participation rate	66.2	69.4	63.3	58.1	71.2	45.0
Employment rate	61.9	64.5	59.4	55.0	66.2	43.8
Unemployment rate	6.6	7.0	6.1	6.5	7.0	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	81,230	39,275	41,955	800	400	400
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,025	11,325	14,705	290	80	210
Worked	55,205	27,955	27,250	510	320	190
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,790	14,450	12,345	240	185	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,410	13,505	14,905	270	135	135
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.1	42.8	40.4	41.7	38.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	53,805	27,250	26,555	465	285	180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,335	710	625	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	52,470	26,540	25,930	455	275	180
Employee	46,135	22,345	23,785	380	215	165
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,340	4,195	2,145	80	65	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	53,800	27,245	26,555	465	280	185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,330	705	625	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	52,470	26,540	25,935	460	280	180
0 Management occupations	5,570	3,635	1,935	30	30	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,160	3,165	6,990	30	0	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,280	2,675	600	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	4,215	830	3,385	55	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,105	1,585	4,515	30	10	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,330	600	725	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	12,885	6,085	6,795	70	20	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,395	6,095	300	155	140	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	415	340	80	40	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,120	1,515	605	25	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	53,805	27,245	26,560	465	285	185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,335	705	630	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	52,470	26,535	25,935	460	280	180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	80	40	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	10	15	0
22 Utilities	280	185	90	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,285	2,865	425	85	75	10
31-33 Manufacturing	5,175	3,565	1,610	65	60	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,535	1,515	1,020	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,910	3,245	3,670	35	25	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,760	2,180	575	20	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,345	815	525	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,740	1,035	1,705	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	980	535	445	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,610	2,000	1,605	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	105	20	75	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,705	1,715	990	10	10	0
61 Educational services	3,950	1,135	2,810	30	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	7,600	1,465	6,135	60	10	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	775	445	330	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,795	1,350	1,445	25	0	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,305	1,060	1,240	20	15	10
91 Public administration	2,485	1,280	1,205	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,280	25,350	24,930	440	265	175
Worked at home	2,880	1,505	1,375	20	0	15
Worked outside Canada	95	80	25	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,595	3,370	1,220	95	85	15
Worked at usual place	42,710	20,390	22,320	320	180	145
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,710	20,395	22,315	320	175	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,680	6,790	8,895	200	105	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	60	45	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	26,975	13,560	13,415	60	25	40
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,300	23,765	23,535	420	260	160
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,395	19,610	16,780	360	230	135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,400	380	1,020	30	25	10
Public transit	7,875	3,070	4,805	0	0	0
Walked	1,040	330	715	25	0	20
Bicycle	285	200	80	0	0	0
Other method	310	170	140	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,300	23,765	23,535	415	260	155
Less than 15 minutes	7,110	3,265	3,850	240	140	100
15 to 29 minutes	15,490	7,675	7,810	70	30	40
30 to 44 minutes	11,480	6,460	5,025	50	40	10
45 to 59 minutes	6,580	3,330	3,255	25	15	10
60 minutes and over	6,640	3,040	3,600	35	35	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,300	23,765	23,535	420	260	155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,795	2,825	970	20	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,690	5,385	4,300	125	80	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,850	6,170	7,675	145	115	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,325	3,530	4,790	65	40	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,010	2,085	2,930	30	10	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,630	3,765	2,870	30	10	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,845	28,740	28,110	525	320	205
Single responses	49,610	24,855	24,755	490	290	200
Official languages	49,375	24,745	24,635	460	255	195
English	6,790	3,495	3,290	455	260	195
French	42,585	21,245	21,340	0	0	0
Non-official languages	235	115	120	35	35	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	235	110	120	35	35	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	60	50	35	35	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	35	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	20	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Greek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	15	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,240	3,885	3,355	30	25	10
English and French	6,655	3,590	3,070	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	35	35	30	25	10
French and non-official language	190	110	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	315	155	165	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,845	28,735	28,110	525	320	205
None	34,235	16,860	17,370	400	220	180
English	16,360	8,650	7,710	30	30	0
French	4,795	2,455	2,340	0	0	10
Non-official language	850	460	395	85	65	20
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	845	455	390	85	65	15
English and French	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	450	230	225	0	0	0
French and non-official language	135	80	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	97,280	47,440	49,835	1,220	565	655
Non-movers	89,490	43,675	45,815	1,105	510	595
Movers	7,790	3,765	4,020	115	55	60
Non-migrants	4,600	2,165	2,435	80	40	40
Migrants	3,190	1,605	1,585	35	15	15
Internal migrants	2,825	1,425	1,405	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	2,720	1,370	1,350	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	105	55	50	15	0	10
External migrants	360	180	180	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	93,235	45,340	47,900	1,080	510	570
Non-movers	65,910	32,220	33,690	505	235	275
Movers	27,330	13,120	14,205	570	270	295
Non-migrants	15,535	7,525	8,010	170	70	100
Migrants	11,795	5,600	6,195	405	205	195
Internal migrants	9,955	4,735	5,220	280	145	135
Intraprovincial migrants	9,780	4,645	5,135	125	70	55
Interprovincial migrants	175	85	90	160	70	85
External migrants	1,840	865	970	125	65	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Two Hills, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alfred-Pellan [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta