Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	94,588	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	93,779	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.9	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,417	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,919	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	34.4	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,749.31	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	94,590	47,115	47,470	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	13,490	6,930	6,565	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	4,540	2,395	2,150	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	4,640	2,365	2,275	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	4,310	2,170	2,145	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	58,560	29,795	28,765	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	4,360	2,245	2,115	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	4,515	2,295	2,215	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	4,610	2,390	2,215	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	4,935	2,575	2,355	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	5,670	2,935	2,730	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	4,865	2,490	2,375	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	5,440	2,745	2,690	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	7,245	3,605	3,640	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	8,600	4,305	4,295	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	8,320	4,195	4,125	20	10	15
65 years and over	22,535	10,395	12,140	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	7,325	3,685	3,640	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	5,925	2,980	2,945	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	3,670	1,720	1,950	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,685	1,105	1,580	5	0	0
85 years and over	2,935	905	2,025	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,855	640	1,220	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	815	215	600	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	225	40	180	0	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	14.7	13.8	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	61.9	63.2	60.6	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	23.8	22.1	25.6	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	3.1	1.9	4.3	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	45.8	44.7	46.9	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	49.5	48.2	50.8	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,920	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	29,095	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,350	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,810	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	600	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,580	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,145	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	215	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	325	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,920	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	14,630	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	16,790	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	5,325	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	4,270	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,905	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,635	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	81,095	40,190	40,905	235	120	115
Married or living common law	47,800	23,900	23,900	165	85	85
Married	26,795	13,400	13,405	150	75	75
Living common law	21,000	10,505	10,495	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	33,290	16,285	17,010	70	35	35
Never married	20,735	11,810	8,925	40	25	10
Separated	995	520	475	5	0	5
Divorced	5,660	2,535	3,125	10	5	5
Widowed	5,910	1,420	4,490	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	27,410	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	16,645	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	5,060	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	4,090	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,610	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	27,410	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	23,460	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	12,960	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	10,500	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,950	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	2,840	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,105	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,460	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	14,085	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	9,375	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,055	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	3,790	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,535	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,950	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,560	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,005	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	385	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,145	9,455	8,690	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,920	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	26,945	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,890	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,055	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	230	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,745	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	14,630	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,110	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,945	46,605	46,340	270	140	130
English only	135	70	65	265	140	125
French only	69,870	33,735	36,135	0	0	0
English and French	22,870	12,760	10,110	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	70	40	30	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,945	46,605	46,340	270	140	135
English	905	435	475	270	140	130
French	91,765	46,025	45,745	0	0	0
English and French	205	110	95	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	60	35	25	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,010	490	525	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,945	46,600	46,335	270	140	130
Single responses	92,445	46,370	46,070	275	135	130
Official languages	91,365	45,805	45,560	270	140	135
English	850	405	445	270	140	130
French	90,515	45,405	45,115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,075	565	510	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,065	560	505	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	70	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	70	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	705	380	330	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	125	95	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	190	110	80	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	420	215	205	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	260	115	145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	20	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	65	20	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	10	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	495	235	265	0	0	0
English and French	355	155	200	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	115	65	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,940	46,605	46,340	270	140	130
Single responses	92,360	46,310	46,055	270	140	130
Official languages	91,965	46,095	45,870	275	140	130
English	515	240	270	270	140	135
French	91,450	45,855	45,595	0	0	0
Non-official languages	400	215	185	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	400	215	185	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	140	120	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	40	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	120	65	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	580	290	285	0	0	0
English and French	305	150	150	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	235	115	120	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,945	46,605	46,340	270	140	130
None	89,640	44,840	44,795	270	140	130
English	2,290	1,245	1,045	0	0	0
French	440	215	220	0	0	0
Non-official language	475	260	215	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	465	250	210	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	78,145	39,280	38,860	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,055	38,410	37,650	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,178	36,763	24,022	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,080	38,410	37,670	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,437	32,418	22,610	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,710	34,395	31,315	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,978	33,409	20,990	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,505	29,180	31,325	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,751	8,548	9,048	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,285	27,355	22,935	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,315	34,778	24,010	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,030	38,400	37,625	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,738	45,022	30,305	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,040	38,405	37,645	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,801	37,091	26,404	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,785	34,385	31,405	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,992	42,519	26,751	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,565	29,265	31,295	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,365	9,123	9,592	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,285	27,475	22,815	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,005	41,658	29,196	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	78,145	39,280	38,865	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	22,490	13,025	9,465	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,846	49,229	37,214	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,369	56,718	41,631	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.0	84.4	73.6	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.3	66.5	58.5	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.0	15.7	26.4	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	78,145	39,280	38,860	235	115	120
Without total income	2,085	870	1,215	5	0	5
With total income	76,055	38,410	37,650	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.8	96.9	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,985	3,410	5,580	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	15,980	6,120	9,855	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	12,835	5,830	7,010	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	10,920	5,710	5,210	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	8,860	4,890	3,970	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	5,800	3,495	2,305	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,840	2,455	1,385	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,110	2,070	1,035	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	1,365	520	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,155	900	255	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,685	2,165	520	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,025	1,635	390	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	660	530	130	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	78,145	39,280	38,865	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	2,070	870	1,195	5	0	5
With after-tax income	76,080	38,405	37,665	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.8	96.9	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,440	3,495	5,945	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	16,670	6,450	10,220	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	15,600	7,380	8,225	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	13,465	7,385	6,085	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	8,725	5,170	3,560	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	5,285	3,420	1,865	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,205	2,240	965	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,510	1,145	370	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	2,170	1,740	430	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	845	685	160	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	425	340	80	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	905	715	190	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	78,145	39,280	38,865	235	115	115
Without employment income	27,860	11,930	15,930	105	35	65
With employment income	50,285	27,350	22,935	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	64.3	69.6	59.0	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,260	3,900	3,360	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	3,895	1,635	2,260	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	7,625	3,360	4,265	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	6,810	3,105	3,705	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	6,725	3,450	3,270	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	5,065	2,860	2,210	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,625	2,280	1,345	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,595	1,695	900	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,445	1,670	775	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	4,225	3,390	840	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,390	1,065	325	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	890	700	190	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,945	1,625	325	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,920	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,401	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,512	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,630	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,271	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,306	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,290	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,951	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,824	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,920	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,852	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,344	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,630	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,500	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,092	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,290	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,066	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,921	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,920	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	350	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	745	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,730	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,620	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,640	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,070	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,730	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,480	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,410	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,250	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,895	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,365	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,920	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,975	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,265	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,650	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,140	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,655	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	820	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,915	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	760	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,755	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,740	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,930	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,495	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,270	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,980	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,815	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,625	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,505	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,770	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,970	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,340	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,835	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,750	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,720	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,110	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	915	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,555	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,128	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,911	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,655	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,084	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,469	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,430	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,882	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,766	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,830	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,488	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,853	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,575	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,326	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,060	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,670	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,638	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,080	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,405	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,854	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,146	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,845	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,984	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,423	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,660	8,745	7,920	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,003	30,635	22,997	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,518	27,623	22,345	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,590	8,675	7,920	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,438	38,446	30,049	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,306	31,786	26,590	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,635	46,210	45,425	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	57,565	28,360	29,205	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	8,520	4,170	4,345	30	15	10
In the second decile	12,335	5,625	6,710	70	30	40
In the third decile	12,890	6,390	6,505	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	12,845	6,505	6,345	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	10,975	5,670	5,300	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	34,065	17,850	16,220	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	10,250	5,365	4,885	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	8,815	4,585	4,230	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	7,280	3,820	3,455	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	4,755	2,495	2,260	20	10	10
In the top decile	2,980	1,575	1,395	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	90,985	45,890	45,095	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	15,895	8,185	7,705	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	5,380	2,825	2,555	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	55,295	28,095	27,205	160	85	75
65 years and over	19,790	9,610	10,180	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,590	6,800	7,785	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,450	1,265	1,185	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	795	430	370	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	7,875	3,815	4,060	40	20	15
65 years and over	4,265	1,715	2,545	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	14.8	17.3	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.4	15.5	15.4	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	15.2	14.5	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.2	13.6	14.9	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	21.6	17.8	25.0	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,455	2,815	2,645	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	840	440	400	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	265	150	115	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,250	2,240	2,015	10	5	5
65 years and over	360	135	230	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	6.1	5.9	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.4	5.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.9	5.3	4.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	8.0	7.4	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.4	2.3	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,630	46,210	45,425	245	150	100
Official languages	91,550	46,160	45,390	245	145	95
English	22,740	12,845	9,890	245	150	95
French	91,440	46,100	45,340	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,005	1,510	1,490	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,950	1,495	1,460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	190	125	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	125	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	185	120	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	30	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	65	40	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,320	1,155	1,165	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	60	35	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	395	210	190	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	360	185	175	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,880	925	955	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	235	110	115	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,605	780	825	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	65	25	45	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	10	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	40	20	0	0	0
Lao	55	35	20	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,635	46,210	45,425	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	90,980	45,840	45,140	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,040	8,265	7,780	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,935	37,575	37,360	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	655	370	285	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,635	46,210	45,425	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	89,555	45,090	44,460	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,960	1,030	930	0	0	0
Before 1981	630	365	260	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	265	160	105	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	305	145	160	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	485	220	265	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	240	105	135	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	240	115	125	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	275	130	140	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	115	90	30	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,965	1,025	930	0	0	0
Under 5 years	310	130	180	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	305	165	145	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	330	170	160	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	885	495	385	0	0	0
45 years and over	130	60	75	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,960	1,030	930	0	0	0
Americas	405	175	230	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	85	45	40	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	60	20	40	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	50	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	45	75	0	0	0
Europe	1,015	595	415	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	360	235	130	0	0	0
Germany	30	15	15	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	40	25	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	10	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portugal	40	30	10	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	15	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	410	225	185	0	0	0
Africa	235	140	90	0	0	0
Algeria	65	40	25	0	0	0
Egypt	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	45	35	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	45	45	0	0	0
Asia	305	110	200	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	15	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	270	130	145	0	0	0
Americas	35	15	20	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	115	65	45	0	0	0
France	70	50	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0
Africa	65	25	35	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	60	20	40	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,635	46,205	45,425	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,255	1,200	1,055	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,685	1,400	1,285	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	86,695	43,610	43,085	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,445	730	710	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	770	425	345	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	365	260	105	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	405	165	235	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	575	255	325	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,635	46,210	45,425	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,620	765	855	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,520	735	785	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,115	540	565	15	15	0
Métis	380	195	185	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	25	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	90,015	45,440	44,570	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,635	46,205	45,425	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	905	450	460	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	90,725	45,760	44,965	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,630	46,210	45,425	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	865	435	425	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	845	430	410	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	740	380	360	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	90	55	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,485	1,085	1,395	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,470	1,075	1,390	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,265	975	1,285	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	190	100	90	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	88,285	44,685	43,600	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,630	46,210	45,425	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,250	580	665	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese	145	30	115	0	0	0
Black	410	185	225	0	0	0
Filipino	40	25	15	0	0	0
Latin American	240	110	130	0	0	0
Arab	115	75	40	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	200	120	80	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	90,385	45,625	44,760	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,635	46,210	45,425	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	3,345	1,520	1,825	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,035	1,365	1,670	30	30	10
Inuit	25	0	25	0	0	0
Métis	325	170	155	0	0	0
Other North American origins	75,595	37,905	37,690	200	120	75
Acadian	565	285	280	0	0	0
American	340	160	180	0	0	0
Canadian	72,970	36,520	36,445	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	15	15	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,635	1,410	1,225	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,035	13,085	12,950	50	30	20
British Isles origins	4,540	2,165	2,375	50	30	20
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	895	470	430	45	30	20
Irish	3,065	1,480	1,585	0	0	0
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,025	460	565	20	10	10
Welsh	20	15	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	70	30	40	0	0	0
French origins	21,035	10,650	10,380	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	50	30	20	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,985	10,625	10,360	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,950	960	995	0	0	0
Austrian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	410	195	215	0	0	0
Dutch	95	50	50	0	0	0
Flemish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,015	485	530	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	435	245	190	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95	35	55	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	535	255	285	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	70	80	0	0	0
Romanian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Russian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,375	645	725	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	30	35	0	0	0
Italian	875	385	495	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	85	70	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	305	145	160	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	40	65	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	365	165	200	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	240	105	130	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	20	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	335	165	175	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	40	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	110	45	65	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	380	195	185	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	95	35	55	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	215	130	80	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	50	25	20	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	80	60	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	80	20	60	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	80	15	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	720	370	355	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	220	125	90	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	55	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	65	45	20	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	455	200	250	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	150	25	120	10	0	0
Filipino	50	35	15	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	30	0	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	55	65	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,915	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	30,345	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	12,545	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,920	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	1,780	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	41,140	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,920	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,605	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,635	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,410	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,230	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,920	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,635	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	8,200	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	6,490	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	5,640	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,945	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,915	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,830	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	85	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,920	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	42,310	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,920	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	13,430	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,685	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,455	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,255	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,355	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,615	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,920	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,230	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,690	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,920	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	29,005	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,660	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	255	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,920	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,095	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,675	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,255	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,355	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,200	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,390	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,870	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,080	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,640	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,875	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,765	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,245	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,260	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.0	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	694	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	812	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,602	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	182,113	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,410	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	562	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	601	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,495	10,225	9,270	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,380	7,530	8,855	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,270	21,525	20,745	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,720	11,340	6,380	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	12,895	7,370	5,525	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,830	3,970	860	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,100	5,975	8,125	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,240	690	1,555	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,210	3,525	4,690	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	6,040	2,445	3,590	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	275	355	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	150	130	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,150	575	570	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	75	45	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,420	25,130	24,290	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,990	5,155	3,835	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,980	4,365	4,615	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,460	15,610	15,850	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,430	8,290	5,135	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,030	5,530	4,500	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,395	2,760	640	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,320	4,360	5,955	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,450	470	980	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,265	2,495	3,770	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	4,605	1,810	2,800	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	500	195	305	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	220	100	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	850	350	505	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,875	17,755	18,120	150	85	65
Education	3,245	685	2,560	0	0	0
13. Education	3,245	685	2,560	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	990	370	620	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	80	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	840	285	555	0	0	0
Humanities	1,520	650	870	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	25	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	955	440	515	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	50	35	0	0	0
54. History	100	50	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	180	50	135	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,630	650	1,980	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	80	225	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	930	55	875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	360	140	225	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	20	150	0	0	0
42. Psychology	460	120	335	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	370	225	150	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,070	2,105	5,965	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	430	90	350	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,625	2,015	5,610	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,075	660	420	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	85	120	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	85	65	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	160	65	95	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	405	345	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	160	75	90	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	940	595	350	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	505	250	10	0	10
25. Library science	95	25	75	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	55	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,525	11,935	590	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	140	75	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	880	820	60	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,660	2,445	220	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,535	2,475	60	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,115	3,045	70	10	0	0
48. Precision production	3,190	3,075	115	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,730	1,200	530	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,455	995	465	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	205	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,630	750	4,880	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	125	140	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,310	585	4,730	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	40	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,900	1,925	1,970	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	2,195	445	1,750	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	630	505	125	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,060	965	95	10	10	0
Other	15	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,425	25,130	24,290	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,965	9,520	8,445	105	65	40
Education	1,805	350	1,455	0	0	0
13. Education	1,805	350	1,460	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	745	245	500	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	55	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	630	190	440	0	0	0
Humanities	1,005	410	590	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	20	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	635	305	325	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	10	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	25	30	0	0	0
54. History	60	30	35	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	15	100	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	480	1,590	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	60	175	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	780	45	735	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	280	105	175	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	85	10	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	370	90	280	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	305	175	130	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,315	1,465	4,845	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	45	285	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,970	1,420	4,555	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	690	430	260	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	50	110	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	60	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	15	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	310	265	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	40	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	805	505	295	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	665	450	215	0	0	0
25. Library science	75	20	60	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	30	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,245	8,720	525	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	135	75	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	710	645	60	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,030	1,835	200	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,740	1,690	50	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,350	2,305	40	10	10	0
48. Precision production	2,280	2,165	110	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,370	940	430	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,120	745	375	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	190	55	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,295	595	3,700	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	95	130	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,035	475	3,560	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	30	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,105	1,460	1,645	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,740	295	1,445	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	480	370	115	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	870	790	80	10	10	0
Other	15	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,875	17,750	18,125	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,270	21,525	20,745	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	41,455	21,030	20,425	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	41,040	20,785	20,250	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	415	240	175	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	815	500	320	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	50	60	0	0	0
Philippines	25	25	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	0	25	0	0	0
France	200	155	45	0	0	0
Other	440	255	185	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,425	25,135	24,290	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,965	9,520	8,445	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,455	15,615	15,845	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	30,850	15,260	15,590	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	30,610	15,140	15,470	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	235	120	115	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	610	350	255	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Philippines	25	25	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	0	0	0
France	155	110	40	0	0	0
Other	320	175	135	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	125	90
In the labour force	45,240	24,495	20,745	85	70	20
Employed	42,185	22,570	19,610	65	50	15
Unemployed	3,060	1,925	1,135	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	32,905	14,785	18,120	130	55	65
Participation rate	57.9	62.4	53.4	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	54.0	57.5	50.5	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.9	5.5	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	78,145	39,280	38,865	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,895	13,700	17,195	120	50	65
Worked	47,255	25,580	21,670	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,950	13,325	9,630	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,300	12,255	12,045	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.0	42.9	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	45,240	24,495	20,745	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,020	515	500	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	44,225	23,985	20,240	85	65	20
Employee	38,675	20,675	17,995	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,550	3,305	2,250	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	45,240	24,495	20,745	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,020	515	505	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	44,220	23,980	20,240	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	4,385	2,910	1,480	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,575	1,505	4,075	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,080	1,670	405	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,605	480	3,125	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,430	1,065	3,365	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	745	290	455	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,430	3,630	5,800	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,085	8,610	470	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,580	1,250	325	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,305	2,565	740	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	45,240	24,495	20,745	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,015	515	505	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	44,220	23,980	20,245	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,970	2,190	780	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	225	195	30	0	10	0
22 Utilities	495	405	90	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,905	2,575	325	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,660	6,200	1,460	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,620	1,220	405	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,015	2,130	2,885	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,265	1,760	510	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	430	200	230	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,100	285	815	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	240	120	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,590	815	770	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,555	975	580	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,615	715	1,905	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,200	795	5,400	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	535	285	250	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,400	765	1,635	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,450	1,265	1,190	10	0	0
91 Public administration	1,810	970	840	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	42,185	22,575	19,605	65	50	15
Worked at home	3,270	1,795	1,480	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,480	2,735	750	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	35,400	18,025	17,375	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,405	18,025	17,380	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,815	7,020	7,795	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,580	3,300	3,280	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,935	7,645	6,285	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	70	55	20	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	38,885	20,755	18,125	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	34,210	18,435	15,770	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,150	550	595	10	10	10
Public transit	515	255	265	0	0	0
Walked	2,290	1,085	1,210	0	0	0
Bicycle	335	210	125	0	0	0
Other method	390	230	160	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	38,885	20,760	18,125	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	17,050	8,515	8,535	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	11,285	5,825	5,460	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	5,275	3,060	2,215	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,565	1,550	1,020	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,710	1,815	895	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	38,880	20,760	18,125	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,815	2,135	675	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,535	5,260	2,270	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,540	7,075	6,465	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,865	2,455	4,415	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,545	800	1,740	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,585	3,030	2,550	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	48,470	26,205	22,265	100	80	20
Single responses	47,695	25,780	21,910	100	80	20
Official languages	47,665	25,765	21,900	100	80	20
English	620	400	220	100	80	20
French	47,050	25,365	21,685	0	0	0
Non-official languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	780	430	350	0	0	0
English and French	725	400	325	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	48,470	26,210	22,265	100	80	20
None	42,585	22,570	20,010	100	80	20
English	5,320	3,320	2,005	0	0	0
French	410	225	185	0	0	0
Non-official language	120	80	40	0	0	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	115	75	40	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,790	45,725	45,065	230	140	95
Non-movers	81,915	41,315	40,595	210	120	85
Movers	8,875	4,405	4,470	25	15	0
Non-migrants	4,505	2,260	2,245	0	0	0
Migrants	4,370	2,150	2,225	25	20	0
Internal migrants	4,260	2,075	2,185	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	4,175	2,025	2,150	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	35	20	15	0
External migrants	110	70	35	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	87,205	43,910	43,300	215	125	95
Non-movers	60,975	31,050	29,925	170	100	65
Movers	26,235	12,865	13,375	50	25	25
Non-migrants	13,300	6,410	6,890	10	10	0
Migrants	12,935	6,455	6,485	40	20	15
Internal migrants	12,475	6,215	6,265	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	12,345	6,150	6,200	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	130	65	65	15	10	10
External migrants	460	235	225	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador