Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and North Perth, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis Quebec [Federal electoral district]			North Perth, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : North Perth, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	114,966	...	...	13,130	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	112,385	...	...	12,631	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	55,658	...	...	5,340	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,114	...	...	5,098	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	35.9	...	...	26.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,202.78	...	...	493.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	114,965	56,485	58,480	13,130	6,490	6,640
0 to 14 years	17,390	8,880	8,510	2,670	1,355	1,315
0 to 4 years	5,910	3,055	2,855	950	475	480
5 to 9 years	6,185	3,180	3,010	895	440	460
10 to 14 years	5,290	2,645	2,645	825	445	380
15 to 64 years	72,145	36,140	36,000	8,115	4,075	4,040
15 to 19 years	5,515	2,785	2,730	810	435	375
20 to 24 years	6,440	3,235	3,205	860	430	435
25 to 29 years	6,095	3,095	2,995	790	405	390
30 to 34 years	6,590	3,445	3,150	815	405	415
35 to 39 years	7,295	3,710	3,585	790	375	420
40 to 44 years	6,445	3,245	3,200	700	355	345
45 to 49 years	6,600	3,340	3,255	705	365	340
50 to 54 years	8,685	4,320	4,365	900	430	470
55 to 59 years	9,520	4,575	4,940	950	475	480
60 to 64 years	8,975	4,390	4,585	780	410	375
65 years and over	25,435	11,460	13,970	2,345	1,060	1,285
65 to 69 years	8,235	4,025	4,205	680	335	340
70 to 74 years	6,355	3,035	3,320	480	225	260
75 to 79 years	4,220	1,960	2,255	460	225	240
80 to 84 years	3,240	1,375	1,870	340	155	190
85 years and over	3,385	1,070	2,315	380	125	250
85 to 89 years	2,115	730	1,385	230	75	155
90 to 94 years	975	280	695	120	45	75
95 to 99 years	255	55	200	25	5	20
100 years and over	35	5	35	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.7	14.6	20.3	20.9	19.8
15 to 64 years	62.8	64.0	61.6	61.8	62.8	60.8
65 years and over	22.1	20.3	23.9	17.9	16.3	19.4
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	4.0	2.9	1.9	3.8
Average age of the population	44.3	43.1	45.4	39.9	39.0	40.8
Median age of the population	46.3	44.8	47.9	38.8	38.0	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
Single-detached house	29,175	...	...	3,745	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	805	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20,725	...	...	1,240	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,950	...	...	225	...	...
Row house	1,260	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,045	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,300	...	...	725	...	...
Other single-attached house	175	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	410	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 person	17,220	...	...	1,320	...	...
2 persons	19,540	...	...	1,890	...	...
3 persons	6,325	...	...	680	...	...
4 persons	5,525	...	...	670	...	...
5 or more persons	2,505	...	...	540	...	...
Number of persons in private households	110,900	...	...	12,940	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	97,575	47,610	49,970	10,460	5,135	5,320
Married or living common law	57,465	28,760	28,710	6,710	3,350	3,355
Married	32,150	16,100	16,050	5,875	2,940	2,930
Living common law	25,315	12,660	12,655	830	410	420
Not married and not living common law	40,110	18,850	21,260	3,750	1,785	1,975
Never married	26,295	14,345	11,950	2,410	1,335	1,070
Separated	1,195	565	625	250	120	135
Divorced	6,160	2,550	3,615	390	180	210
Widowed	6,460	1,390	5,075	705	145	560
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,725	...	...	3,710	...	...
2 persons	19,020	...	...	1,915	...	...
3 persons	6,035	...	...	655	...	...
4 persons	5,410	...	...	645	...	...
5 or more persons	2,260	...	...	500	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,725	...	...	3,705	...	...
Total couple families	28,115	...	...	3,315	...	...
Married couples	15,465	...	...	2,900	...	...
Common-law couples	12,650	...	...	415	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,610	...	...	395	...	...
Female parent	3,305	...	...	290	...	...
Male parent	1,305	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,110	...	...	3,320	...	...
Couples without children	16,115	...	...	1,670	...	...
Couples with children	11,995	...	...	1,645	...	...
1 child	4,705	...	...	545	...	...
2 children	5,100	...	...	615	...	...
3 or more children	2,185	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,610	...	...	395	...	...
1 child	2,905	...	...	245	...	...
2 children	1,330	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more children	380	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,105	10,315	10,785	1,685	815	870
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
One-census-family households	32,380	...	...	3,630	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15,965	...	...	1,640	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,415	...	...	1,995	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	175	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	18,565	...	...	1,425	...	...
One-person households	17,220	...	...	1,325	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,345	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	113,300	55,885	57,415	13,035	6,460	6,575
English only	130	50	75	12,610	6,285	6,330
French only	81,965	38,500	43,465	5	0	5
English and French	31,120	17,285	13,840	275	110	165
Neither English nor French	80	45	35	145	70	80
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	113,300	55,885	57,420	13,035	6,460	6,575
English	1,000	505	490	12,830	6,365	6,465
French	111,960	55,205	56,760	55	30	25
English and French	265	135	135	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	75	40	35	145	70	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,130	575	555	60	30	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	113,300	55,880	57,420	13,035	6,460	6,575
Single responses	112,775	55,615	57,155	12,930	6,405	6,520
Official languages	111,345	54,880	56,460	11,300	5,585	5,715
English	905	465	440	11,240	5,555	5,685
French	110,440	54,415	56,020	60	30	30
Non-official languages	1,430	735	695	1,625	820	805
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,430	735	695	1,625	825	805
Afro-Asiatic languages	300	165	130	5	0	0
Berber languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	135	115	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	255	140	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	25	25	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	5	15	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	5	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	690	355	335	1,535	785	755
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	40	20	20
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	40	35	20	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Czech	5	5	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	5
Russian	20	0	20	0	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	30	1,355	690	665
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	10	5	5	315	160	150
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	35	10	25	1,020	520	500
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	20	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	505	270	240	105	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	15	10	0	5
Portuguese	50	25	25	60	30	35
Romanian	25	10	10	5	5	5
Spanish	400	210	185	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	55	15	5	10
Chinese languages	95	40	50	15	5	10
Cantonese	10	5	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	30	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	20	5	10
Lao	20	5	10	15	10	5
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	520	270	255	105	55	55
English and French	320	155	170	15	10	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	85	45	45
French and non-official language	175	105	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	113,300	55,885	57,420	13,035	6,460	6,575
Single responses	112,570	55,500	57,070	12,815	6,345	6,465
Official languages	111,920	55,165	56,750	12,070	5,965	6,105
English	605	295	310	12,065	5,965	6,100
French	111,310	54,875	56,440	5	5	0
Non-official languages	655	335	320	740	380	360
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	655	330	325	740	380	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	45	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	180	160	695	360	340
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	10	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	610	315	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	5	0	5	510	270	235
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	15	20	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	150	125	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	15	10	10	30	15	20
Romanian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	240	135	105	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	30	10	5	5
Chinese languages	60	30	30	5	0	5
Cantonese	10	5	0	10	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Lao	10	5	5	10	5	5
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	385	345	225	115	110
English and French	310	160	150	10	10	5
English and non-official language	15	5	5	210	105	105
French and non-official language	375	200	170	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	113,300	55,885	57,415	13,035	6,460	6,575
None	108,370	53,270	55,100	12,210	6,050	6,155
English	3,475	1,920	1,555	360	190	170
French	665	315	345	25	10	15
Non-official language	630	300	330	430	205	225
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	625	305	325	430	205	225
English and French	30	20	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	50	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	93,535	46,275	47,260	10,270	5,085	5,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	91,745	45,470	46,270	10,040	4,970	5,065
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,585	40,906	30,447	35,115	42,816	28,263
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	91,760	45,475	46,290	10,040	4,975	5,065
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,367	35,225	27,442	31,656	38,234	26,133
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,110	42,680	41,430	9,370	4,755	4,620
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,783	37,607	26,115	31,977	40,592	23,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,145	32,980	37,160	6,940	3,110	3,830
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,967	6,924	8,576	6,178	3,240	7,104
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,125	35,325	31,795	7,875	4,180	3,695
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,890	38,614	28,969	32,960	40,651	25,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,535	46,370	47,170	10,275	5,080	5,190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	91,675	45,525	46,155	10,075	4,975	5,105
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,271	48,904	35,730	43,421	51,170	35,879
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	91,700	45,525	46,175	10,075	4,970	5,105
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,096	39,756	30,501	36,723	42,532	31,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,960	42,645	41,320	9,445	4,775	4,680
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,737	45,763	31,485	40,516	48,662	32,204
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,435	33,280	37,155	7,030	3,150	3,885
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,844	8,255	9,372	7,797	7,047	8,404
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,120	35,450	31,670	7,875	4,190	3,685
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,576	43,087	33,527	38,606	45,647	30,602
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,535	46,370	47,170	10,275	5,085	5,190
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,530	18,145	14,385	4,305	2,620	1,680
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,450	48,586	41,645	45,994	51,883	39,071
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,217	55,331	46,025	51,401	56,851	42,902
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.9	87.5	79.0	87.2	91.1	81.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.0	69.2	64.1	71.5	76.6	64.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.1	12.5	21.0	12.8	8.8	18.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	93,535	46,275	47,260	10,275	5,080	5,195
Without total income	1,795	805	990	235	110	120
With total income	91,745	45,470	46,270	10,040	4,970	5,070
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.3	97.9	97.7	97.8	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,465	3,320	5,150	1,040	380	655
$10,000 to $19,999	15,910	5,940	9,970	1,705	635	1,065
$20,000 to $29,999	14,065	6,395	7,670	1,580	610	970
$30,000 to $39,999	13,355	6,400	6,955	1,470	670	800
$40,000 to $49,999	12,855	6,870	5,990	1,240	645	595
$50,000 to $59,999	9,295	5,380	3,915	930	580	350
$60,000 to $69,999	5,950	3,575	2,375	640	430	215
$70,000 to $79,999	4,230	2,500	1,730	440	320	125
$80,000 to $89,999	2,495	1,525	970	280	195	90
$90,000 to $99,999	1,480	945	530	225	155	70
$100,000 and over	3,640	2,625	1,015	495	355	135
$100,000 to $149,999	2,575	1,825	745	335	235	105
$150,000 and over	1,070	805	270	155	115	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	93,535	46,275	47,260	10,270	5,085	5,195
Without after-tax income	1,775	805	970	235	110	120
With after-tax income	91,760	45,470	46,290	10,040	4,975	5,070
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.3	97.9	97.8	97.8	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,995	3,405	5,585	1,070	385	680
$10,000 to $19,999	16,680	6,365	10,315	1,785	675	1,110
$20,000 to $29,999	17,735	8,185	9,550	1,865	745	1,120
$30,000 to $39,999	18,045	9,425	8,615	1,785	855	925
$40,000 to $49,999	13,290	7,570	5,720	1,300	765	530
$50,000 to $59,999	7,710	4,545	3,165	890	575	310
$60,000 to $69,999	4,215	2,470	1,745	535	390	145
$70,000 to $79,999	2,020	1,290	730	320	215	100
$80,000 and over	3,070	2,215	855	495	365	135
$80,000 to $89,999	1,055	740	315	175	125	50
$90,000 to $99,999	610	430	180	95	75	20
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,045	360	230	165	60
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	93,535	46,275	47,265	10,270	5,080	5,190
Without employment income	26,415	10,950	15,465	2,395	900	1,495
With employment income	67,125	35,325	31,800	7,875	4,180	3,695
Percentage with employment income	71.8	76.3	67.3	76.7	82.3	71.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,025	4,185	3,840	955	435	520
$5,000 to $9,999	4,815	2,010	2,805	665	270	395
$10,000 to $19,999	9,050	3,870	5,180	1,130	480	650
$20,000 to $29,999	8,215	3,665	4,550	880	370	505
$30,000 to $39,999	9,290	4,640	4,655	1,080	500	580
$40,000 to $49,999	8,775	4,915	3,865	870	485	385
$50,000 to $59,999	6,290	3,875	2,415	715	475	240
$60,000 to $69,999	4,185	2,555	1,630	470	345	125
$70,000 to $79,999	3,100	1,895	1,205	350	265	80
$80,000 and over	5,375	3,720	1,660	750	550	205
$80,000 to $89,999	1,785	1,145	640	215	150	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,075	720	355	195	130	65
$100,000 and over	2,520	1,855	670	350	270	70
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,590	...	...	70,077	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,467	...	...	62,413	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	17,220	...	...	1,320	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,281	...	...	33,357	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,449	...	...	30,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,895	...	...	3,775	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,832	...	...	84,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,257	...	...	74,767	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,816	...	...	85,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,962	...	...	72,594	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	17,235	...	...	1,315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,300	...	...	40,997	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,212	...	...	35,530	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	33,880	...	...	3,785	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,395	...	...	101,431	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,098	...	...	85,488	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	520	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,335	...	...	140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,265	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,415	...	...	210	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,085	...	...	210	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,975	...	...	230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,790	...	...	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,775	...	...	230	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,695	...	...	225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,755	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,135	...	...	425	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,805	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,390	...	...	380	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,870	...	...	300	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,035	...	...	1,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,155	...	...	615	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,095	...	...	345	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,450	...	...	305	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,340	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,110	...	...	5,100	...	...
Under $5,000	310	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,360	...	...	135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,410	...	...	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,705	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,755	...	...	240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,740	...	...	280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,560	...	...	255	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,305	...	...	255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,010	...	...	255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,400	...	...	510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,735	...	...	530	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,175	...	...	425	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,375	...	...	390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,505	...	...	335	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,255	...	...	1,020	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,065	...	...	505	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,690	...	...	235	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,500	...	...	280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,915	...	...	3,700	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,187	...	...	84,103	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,525	...	...	74,363	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,795	...	...	1,620	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,260	...	...	73,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,517	...	...	65,280	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,035	...	...	1,660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,989	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,977	...	...	90,880	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,525	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,240	...	...	53,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,404	...	...	49,024	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,905	...	...	3,725	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,824	...	...	101,218	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,361	...	...	85,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,805	...	...	1,650	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,274	...	...	94,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,351	...	...	77,936	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,045	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,092	...	...	117,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,395	...	...	99,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,505	...	...	370	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,584	...	...	62,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,541	...	...	56,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,790	9,695	10,100	1,540	745	800
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,042	36,393	30,070	33,882	37,973	29,493
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,487	31,693	27,466	30,560	33,707	27,558
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	19,765	9,715	10,050	1,525	735	790
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,205	40,794	35,703	39,665	40,803	38,609
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,371	34,005	30,792	34,475	34,965	34,020
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	110,895	55,145	55,755	12,945	6,435	6,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	60,695	29,440	31,250	6,870	3,330	3,535
In the bottom decile	6,195	3,010	3,185	725	350	375
In the second decile	11,090	4,920	6,170	1,290	585	715
In the third decile	13,460	6,465	6,995	1,695	820	865
In the fourth decile	14,620	7,275	7,345	1,550	780	765
In the fifth decile	15,320	7,775	7,545	1,610	795	815
In the top half of the distribution	50,210	25,700	24,505	6,070	3,100	2,970
In the sixth decile	14,400	7,295	7,105	1,605	800	800
In the seventh decile	13,335	6,815	6,525	1,350	690	655
In the eighth decile	10,470	5,335	5,140	1,220	625	590
In the ninth decile	7,370	3,845	3,525	1,105	565	545
In the top decile	4,630	2,420	2,210	790	415	375
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,940	6,435	6,505
0 to 17 years	20,560	10,475	10,080	3,155	1,625	1,535
0 to 5 years	7,140	3,700	3,440	1,135	560	575
18 to 64 years	68,415	34,250	34,170	7,610	3,795	3,810
65 years and over	21,920	10,420	11,505	2,170	1,010	1,160
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,500	5,150	6,350	1,290	600	695
0 to 17 years	1,720	870	845	350	160	185
0 to 5 years	545	290	255	145	65	80
18 to 64 years	5,980	2,825	3,155	690	345	345
65 years and over	3,800	1,450	2,350	255	90	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	9.3	11.4	10.0	9.3	10.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.3	8.4	11.1	9.8	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	7.8	7.4	12.8	11.6	13.9
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	8.2	9.2	9.1	9.1	9.1
65 years and over (%)	17.3	13.9	20.4	11.8	8.9	14.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,060	2,820	3,245	385	185	200
0 to 17 years	760	405	365	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	250	140	110	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	4,100	2,065	2,040	290	150	140
65 years and over	1,195	350	850	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	5.1	5.8	3.0	2.9	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.9	3.6	1.9	1.5	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	2.6	2.7	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	3.8	4.0	3.7
65 years and over (%)	5.5	3.4	7.4	1.6	1.0	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	110,895	55,145	55,755	12,945	6,435	6,510
Official languages	110,820	55,095	55,725	12,790	6,360	6,430
English	30,920	17,155	13,765	12,790	6,360	6,430
French	110,695	55,050	55,645	285	115	170
Non-official languages	4,400	2,110	2,290	1,865	955	910
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,395	2,105	2,290	1,860	950	910
Afro-Asiatic languages	460	265	190	0	0	0
Berber languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	90	40	55	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	70	45	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	395	240	155	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	395	240	150	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	35	30	30	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	10	15	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	0	30	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	100	35	65	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	20	0	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	40	50	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	10	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,255	1,490	1,765	1,775	920	860
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	95	75	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	90	75	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	25	25	0	0	10
Russian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	155	185	1,475	770	700
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	465	255	215
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	330	150	175	1,030	545	485
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	35	65
Greek	0	10	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	35	70	25	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	25	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	0	10
Iranian languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,895	1,320	1,580	205	110	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	250	130	125	10	10	0
Portuguese	120	65	50	105	45	60
Romanian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,630	1,175	1,455	95	60	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	30	25	20	15	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	250	145	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	20	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	85	45	40	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	105	50	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	15	25	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	20	30	10	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	40	15	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,945	6,435	6,505
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	109,320	54,310	55,010	12,670	6,310	6,360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,215	10,230	9,980	3,135	1,635	1,505
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	89,105	44,080	45,025	9,535	4,675	4,860
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,580	835	745	275	125	145
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,945	6,435	6,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	107,725	53,465	54,260	11,765	5,840	5,930
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,760	1,460	1,305	1,110	555	550
Before 1981	415	230	195	435	215	215
1981 to 1990	190	120	75	125	75	45
1991 to 2000	435	235	200	280	145	140
2001 to 2010	810	405	400	205	95	110
2001 to 2005	325	150	170	125	60	65
2006 to 2010	485	255	230	80	35	45
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	910	470	435	60	20	35
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	410	220	190	65	45	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,760	1,460	1,305	1,105	555	555
Under 5 years	460	225	240	215	110	100
5 to 14 years	450	250	200	245	130	115
15 to 24 years	375	170	205	270	120	150
25 to 44 years	1,355	745	610	335	175	160
45 years and over	115	70	45	45	20	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,760	1,460	1,305	1,105	555	555
Americas	660	345	315	340	160	180
Brazil	25	20	0	0	0	0
Colombia	110	55	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	10	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	135	75	60	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	75	50	30	210	95	125
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	50	25	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	180	80	100	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	85	50	35	35	25	15
Europe	945	535	410	665	345	325
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	600	350	255	0	0	0
Germany	40	10	30	50	20	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	30	20	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	315	180	135
Poland	25	15	10	10	0	10
Portugal	30	10	15	70	35	30
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	85	35	50
Other places of birth in Europe	100	70	30	125	70	60
Africa	710	415	300	15	10	0
Algeria	145	80	60	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	100	55	50	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	465	270	190	0	0	0
Asia	440	160	275	85	40	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	175	35	140	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	30	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Philippines	10	0	10	20	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	40	55	10	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	910	470	435	60	20	35
Americas	200	115	85	30	15	20
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	30	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	45	20	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	25	20	35	15	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	210	100	110	0	0	0
France	160	85	75	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	440	245	200	10	0	0
Algeria	95	45	45	0	0	0
Cameroon	90	40	50	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	85	55	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	35	0	0	0
Asia	60	15	40	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,940	6,430	6,505
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,405	1,805	1,600	1,210	615	595
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,385	1,155	1,230	1,620	805	820
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	105,105	52,185	52,920	10,110	5,015	5,095
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,380	1,245	1,135	685	340	345
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,230	760	475	370	195	175
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	645	490	150	140	120	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	585	270	320	225	75	155
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	830	315	515	220	110	110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	290	155	135	75	25	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,940	6,435	6,505
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	930	485	445	155	75	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	870	460	410	145	65	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	410	210	195	105	50	55
Métis	450	245	205	35	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	25	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	109,970	54,660	55,305	12,790	6,360	6,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,940	6,435	6,505
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	150	115	40	10	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	110,635	54,995	55,640	12,905	6,425	6,480
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	110,900	55,145	55,755	12,945	6,435	6,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	655	300	355	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	640	290	350	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	530	245	285	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	110	50	60	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,885	850	1,035	305	145	160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,875	850	1,025	300	140	160
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,650	720	935	260	120	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	130	85	35	20	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	108,360	54,000	54,360	12,620	6,285	6,335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	110,900	55,145	55,750	12,940	6,430	6,510
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,415	1,215	1,195	325	150	180
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	65	40	20	90	35	55
Chinese	245	70	175	0	0	0
Black	880	450	435	65	35	30
Filipino	50	35	10	45	30	15
Latin American	440	250	195	35	25	10
Arab	375	225	145	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	65	100	20	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	0	10	0	10
Japanese	30	10	20	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	10	30	50	15	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	30	35	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	108,485	53,930	54,555	12,615	6,290	6,325
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	110,895	55,145	55,750	12,945	6,435	6,510
North American Aboriginal origins	2,540	1,150	1,390	320	150	175
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,200	965	1,235	270	125	145
Inuit	10	0	10	10	0	10
Métis	345	185	160	55	30	25
Other North American origins	89,635	44,370	45,265	4,960	2,500	2,460
Acadian	335	130	200	0	0	0
American	265	115	145	75	25	55
Canadian	87,755	43,395	44,355	4,890	2,485	2,410
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	15	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,010	1,090	920	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	33,290	16,545	16,740	9,875	4,905	4,970
British Isles origins	5,690	2,630	3,065	6,230	3,010	3,220
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	930	415	515	3,530	1,630	1,900
Irish	4,090	1,870	2,220	2,800	1,360	1,435
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,230	545	685	3,415	1,640	1,780
Welsh	20	10	10	165	80	85
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	55	50	275	145	130
French origins	28,805	14,375	14,430	635	305	340
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	85	45	40	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	28,740	14,340	14,405	635	305	330
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,565	785	780	5,520	2,690	2,825
Austrian	40	20	15	30	25	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	330	155	175	45	15	30
Dutch	85	40	45	1,785	910	875
Flemish	10	0	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	30	10	15
German	1,005	520	490	3,720	1,760	1,960
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	150	80	75	450	250	195
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	140	55	80	135	80	55
Danish	20	10	15	15	15	0
Finnish	10	10	0	30	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	20	40	40	15	20
Swedish	15	0	10	45	30	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	20	30	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	470	260	210	610	320	285
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	0	25	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	45	35	10	25	20	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	200	105	95	225	130	95
Romanian	50	25	30	10	0	0
Russian	85	40	50	270	135	130
Slovak	25	10	10	10	0	10
Ukrainian	90	65	25	95	40	50
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,260	680	580	535	275	255
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	0	25	15	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	20	0	10
Italian	905	510	395	110	50	60
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	55	80	260	140	125
Serbian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	235	110	130	90	50	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	105	45	60	0	0	0
Basque	45	20	25	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	25	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	320	170	155	50	25	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10	10	10	0
Dominican	25	10	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	260	140	115	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	0	15	10	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	575	330	250	190	95	95
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	35	20	10	10	10	0
Colombian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Costa Rican	75	55	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	145	90	60	160	75	80
Nicaraguan	20	15	15	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,155	645	505	75	40	30
Central and West African origins	335	185	150	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	65	40	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	20	25	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	50	30	25	0	0	0
North African origins	560	330	225	0	0	0
Algerian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Berber	120	65	55	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	185	115	75	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	110	70	40	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	130	75	55	25	20	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	75	90	45	25	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	155	70	85	45	20	25
Asian origins	875	370	505	250	105	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	300	140	160	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	35	55	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	115	65	45	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	40	20	15	135	60	80
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	10	15	115	50	70
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	545	210	330	140	50	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese	255	75	180	35	10	30
Filipino	50	40	10	50	35	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	25	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	10	0	10
Laotian	40	15	25	20	10	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	35	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	15	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
Owner	34,580	...	...	3,745	...	...
Renter	16,530	...	...	1,350	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,110	...	...	5,095	...	...
Condominium	5,025	...	...	155	...	...
Not condominium	46,085	...	...	4,950	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,110	...	...	5,095	...	...
No bedrooms	170	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	6,075	...	...	400	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,595	...	...	1,155	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,360	...	...	2,155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,915	...	...	1,375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15,940	...	...	910	...	...
5 rooms	8,395	...	...	665	...	...
6 rooms	7,375	...	...	825	...	...
7 rooms	6,680	...	...	795	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,720	...	...	1,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
One person or fewer per room	50,960	...	...	5,065	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,115	...	...	5,100	...	...
Suitable	50,370	...	...	4,965	...	...
Not suitable	745	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
1960 or before	13,890	...	...	1,985	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,880	...	...	1,180	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,915	...	...	430	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,505	...	...	460	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,155	...	...	315	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,065	...	...	340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,705	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	48,315	...	...	4,790	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,800	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	32,265	...	...	2,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,530	...	...	2,190	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	315	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,115	...	...	5,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,710	...	...	185	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,495	...	...	795	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,835	...	...	780	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,230	...	...	925	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,195	...	...	1,010	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,000	...	...	660	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,375	...	...	545	...	...
85 years and over	1,275	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	50,355	...	...	4,645	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	43,100	...	...	3,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,250	...	...	830	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,675	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,940	...	...	3,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.4	...	...	58.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.3	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	826	...	...	1,069	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	921	...	...	1,124	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,884	...	...	269,041	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,559	...	...	317,516	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,440	...	...	1,320	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.0	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.9	...	...	32.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	698	...	...	849	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	730	...	...	848	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,535	46,370	47,170	10,270	5,080	5,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,300	9,560	8,735	2,980	1,655	1,325
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,345	8,830	10,510	3,265	1,590	1,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,900	27,980	27,915	4,030	1,840	2,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,915	12,480	7,435	770	620	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	14,600	8,180	6,420	295	190	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,315	4,300	1,015	475	430	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,995	7,580	10,405	2,195	795	1,405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,430	1,275	2,150	155	70	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,565	6,640	7,925	905	355	550
Bachelor's degree	10,060	4,425	5,645	660	245	415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,260	570	690	85	55	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	425	225	200	70	30	40
Master's degree	2,490	1,210	1,280	85	30	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	325	210	120	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,725	29,965	29,760	6,425	3,165	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,205	4,150	3,055	1,285	710	575
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,745	5,285	5,460	2,135	1,085	1,045
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,770	20,525	21,245	3,010	1,360	1,645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,250	9,345	5,905	525	425	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,280	6,160	5,120	205	140	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,970	3,185	785	320	285	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,900	5,535	7,360	1,680	620	1,065
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,250	825	1,420	95	45	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,370	4,810	6,560	705	280	425
Bachelor's degree	7,825	3,235	4,590	505	195	310
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	950	375	575	65	35	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	305	130	175	65	20	40
Master's degree	2,025	920	1,105	70	30	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	265	155	115	0	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,535	46,370	47,165	10,270	5,080	5,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	37,640	18,390	19,250	6,245	3,240	3,000
Education	4,455	1,215	3,240	250	35	210
13. Education	4,455	1,210	3,240	245	35	215
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,565	585	990	95	25	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	290	215	75	15	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	1,280	365	915	80	20	60
Humanities	2,490	1,125	1,360	180	75	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	260	60	195	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	85	25	60	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,415	655	760	45	10	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	60	15	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	115	40	60	35	30
54. History	155	85	70	30	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	340	120	220	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,860	1,065	2,795	355	70	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	495	180	315	15	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,200	75	1,125	160	15	150
22. Legal professions and studies	725	295	430	40	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	20	125	10	0	10
42. Psychology	575	120	460	70	10	55
45. Social sciences	680	370	310	60	40	25
Business, management and public administration	13,165	4,435	8,735	645	230	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	875	190	685	60	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,290	4,240	8,045	585	220	370
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,415	790	625	50	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	530	235	295	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	105	60	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	315	155	160	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	305	230	70	15	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	60	40	20	15	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,835	1,205	625	70	35	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,555	1,095	460	50	25	25
25. Library science	130	20	115	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	70	45	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,360	12,645	710	860	840	20
04. Architecture and related services	415	275	140	30	20	10
14. Engineering	1,120	1,000	125	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,525	2,355	165	145	130	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,000	2,920	80	170	170	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,540	3,450	90	350	350	10
48. Precision production	2,760	2,650	110	150	145	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,800	1,265	535	355	270	90
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,340	860	485	315	235	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	465	405	55	40	35	10
Health and related fields	7,315	1,300	6,015	830	115	710
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	370	235	135	60	30	25
51. Health professions and related programs	6,800	980	5,820	760	80	680
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	85	60	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,640	2,345	2,295	325	125	195
12. Personal and culinary services	2,695	565	2,130	175	15	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	580	460	120	80	35	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,345	1,300	45	65	60	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,725	29,965	29,760	6,430	3,165	3,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,955	9,440	8,515	3,420	1,800	1,620
Education	2,575	620	1,955	170	30	140
13. Education	2,580	620	1,955	170	30	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,190	410	780	75	20	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	145	65	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	980	260	715	65	15	45
Humanities	1,460	665	790	145	65	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	205	55	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	765	395	375	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	45	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	60	30	60	35	25
54. History	115	60	55	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	200	45	155	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,085	795	2,295	250	40	205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	435	145	285	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	970	60	910	105	10	105
22. Legal professions and studies	535	165	365	30	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	20	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	455	95	360	55	10	50
45. Social sciences	550	300	250	40	25	15
Business, management and public administration	10,350	3,280	7,070	540	195	350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	670	140	530	50	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,680	3,140	6,535	495	190	305
Physical and life sciences and technologies	875	470	410	30	15	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	440	190	255	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	45	50	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	25	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	215	155	55	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	50	25	15	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,660	1,095	565	40	15	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,430	1,010	420	40	15	25
25. Library science	120	15	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	40	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,050	9,460	590	630	610	20
04. Architecture and related services	335	230	105	25	20	10
14. Engineering	865	755	110	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,930	1,795	135	120	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,090	2,025	70	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,645	2,565	80	250	250	0
48. Precision production	2,175	2,085	85	110	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,500	1,020	480	260	185	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,110	685	425	235	165	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	390	335	55	25	20	0
Health and related fields	5,470	965	4,500	595	80	515
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	280	165	115	40	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	5,095	760	4,335	555	65	490
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	40	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,550	1,750	1,805	250	100	155
12. Personal and culinary services	2,080	430	1,650	140	15	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	425	310	115	60	30	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,040	1,010	35	50	55	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,535	46,365	47,170	10,270	5,080	5,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,635	18,385	19,250	6,245	3,240	3,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55,900	27,980	27,920	4,030	1,840	2,190
Location of study inside Canada	54,575	27,175	27,400	3,695	1,675	2,020
Same as province or territory of residence	53,825	26,750	27,080	3,585	1,640	1,950
Different than province or territory of residence	750	430	320	110	40	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,325	805	515	330	160	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	80	35	40	20	20
Philippines	35	35	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	15	20	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	15	10	0	0	0
France	495	320	175	0	0	0
Other	630	340	290	215	110	105
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,725	29,965	29,760	6,425	3,165	3,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,955	9,440	8,515	3,420	1,805	1,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,770	20,525	21,245	3,010	1,365	1,645
Location of study inside Canada	40,680	19,880	20,795	2,745	1,240	1,500
Same as province or territory of residence	40,105	19,550	20,560	2,645	1,210	1,435
Different than province or territory of residence	575	330	245	100	30	65
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,090	645	445	260	125	140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	45	15	30	15	20
Philippines	35	35	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	30	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	15	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	15	0	0	0	0
France	445	280	170	0	0	0
Other	505	260	240	175	80	90
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,535	46,370	47,170	10,275	5,080	5,190
In the labour force	60,870	32,025	28,840	7,330	3,950	3,380
Employed	58,155	30,300	27,855	7,065	3,820	3,245
Unemployed	2,720	1,730	990	265	130	140
Not in the labour force	32,670	14,340	18,325	2,940	1,135	1,805
Participation rate	65.1	69.1	61.1	71.3	77.8	65.1
Employment rate	62.2	65.3	59.1	68.8	75.2	62.5
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.4	3.4	3.6	3.3	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,535	46,365	47,170	10,275	5,085	5,190
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,025	12,895	17,130	2,710	1,045	1,665
Worked	63,510	33,475	30,040	7,565	4,035	3,525
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	33,105	18,495	14,610	4,400	2,685	1,715
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,410	14,980	15,430	3,160	1,355	1,810
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	44.3	43.8	44.9	45.8	43.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,870	32,030	28,840	7,330	3,945	3,385
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	460	405	60	30	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	60,005	31,565	28,435	7,270	3,915	3,350
Employee	53,365	27,535	25,830	6,175	3,300	2,870
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,640	4,035	2,605	1,090	610	480
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,870	32,030	28,845	7,330	3,945	3,380
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	460	405	60	35	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	60,005	31,570	28,440	7,270	3,915	3,350
0 Management occupations	5,540	3,720	1,815	960	665	295
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,190	3,095	7,095	940	295	645
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,785	2,825	965	185	140	50
3 Health occupations	4,510	790	3,725	405	55	350
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,030	1,590	4,440	490	75	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,235	605	625	100	50	50
6 Sales and service occupations	13,215	5,400	7,810	1,340	480	860
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,425	9,120	310	1,450	1,380	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,550	1,200	345	480	320	160
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,530	3,225	1,310	910	460	445
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,875	32,025	28,845	7,335	3,950	3,385
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	460	400	65	30	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	60,005	31,565	28,440	7,265	3,915	3,350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,500	1,820	685	970	645	320
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	160	135	20	40	35	0
22 Utilities	175	165	15	35	25	10
23 Construction	3,525	3,175	355	515	470	45
31-33 Manufacturing	9,915	7,540	2,380	1,410	890	515
41 Wholesale trade	1,965	1,410	555	455	330	125
44-45 Retail trade	6,935	3,110	3,825	845	420	420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,485	2,040	450	300	215	80
51 Information and cultural industries	515	350	170	70	40	35
52 Finance and insurance	4,785	1,490	3,290	275	75	195
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	520	340	180	80	50	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,615	1,460	1,160	275	110	160
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,945	1,220	725	220	115	105
61 Educational services	3,570	1,105	2,465	235	25	215
62 Health care and social assistance	7,950	1,425	6,530	690	75	615
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	685	365	315	75	15	60
72 Accommodation and food services	3,510	1,300	2,215	350	125	225
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,840	1,340	1,495	295	170	125
91 Public administration	3,385	1,770	1,610	125	60	65
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	58,150	30,300	27,855	7,070	3,820	3,250
Worked at home	3,855	1,965	1,890	965	530	430
Worked outside Canada	170	145	20	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	4,575	3,580	995	695	560	135
Worked at usual place	49,550	24,610	24,940	5,400	2,730	2,675
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,550	24,610	24,940	5,400	2,725	2,675
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25,220	11,645	13,575	3,420	1,600	1,820
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,670	2,550	2,120	385	205	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	19,600	10,365	9,235	1,590	915	665
Commute to a different province or territory	65	50	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	54,125	28,190	25,940	6,090	3,285	2,810
Car, truck, van - as a driver	45,485	24,120	21,370	4,940	2,745	2,195
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,170	955	1,215	505	275	230
Public transit	2,400	1,070	1,325	15	10	10
Walked	3,235	1,520	1,715	475	155	325
Bicycle	350	275	80	90	65	30
Other method	485	255	235	60	35	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	54,130	28,190	25,940	6,095	3,285	2,810
Less than 15 minutes	20,400	9,820	10,585	3,260	1,625	1,635
15 to 29 minutes	17,865	9,170	8,695	1,255	635	620
30 to 44 minutes	9,865	5,670	4,190	850	560	285
45 to 59 minutes	3,560	1,970	1,580	405	240	160
60 minutes and over	2,440	1,555	890	330	225	110
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	54,130	28,195	25,935	6,090	3,285	2,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,570	2,740	825	585	435	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,590	7,780	3,810	1,205	750	455
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,005	8,305	9,690	1,585	895	695
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,555	3,610	5,950	1,030	360	665
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,390	1,210	2,185	540	210	330
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,020	4,540	3,480	1,155	640	515
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	64,685	34,035	30,645	7,735	4,115	3,620
Single responses	63,600	33,325	30,275	7,695	4,100	3,595
Official languages	63,560	33,290	30,270	7,620	4,050	3,575
English	790	475	315	7,620	4,050	3,570
French	62,770	32,820	29,950	0	0	0
Non-official languages	40	35	10	75	50	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	30	10	75	45	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	0	70	40	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	0	10	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	0	15	15	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,075	705	370	40	15	25
English and French	1,040	675	360	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	64,685	34,030	30,645	7,740	4,115	3,625
None	54,980	28,345	26,635	7,535	3,995	3,540
English	8,880	5,230	3,655	40	25	15
French	570	340	230	20	0	10
Non-official language	155	75	85	150	90	55
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	150	75	80	150	90	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	90	40	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	109,690	54,475	55,210	12,725	6,310	6,420
Non-movers	98,590	49,140	49,455	11,505	5,725	5,780
Movers	11,095	5,340	5,760	1,225	580	640
Non-migrants	6,385	3,100	3,290	620	295	325
Migrants	4,715	2,245	2,475	600	285	315
Internal migrants	4,420	2,055	2,360	545	255	285
Intraprovincial migrants	4,330	2,000	2,335	500	235	265
Interprovincial migrants	85	55	25	40	15	25
External migrants	295	185	115	60	35	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	104,895	52,120	52,780	11,990	5,955	6,035
Non-movers	72,295	36,290	36,005	7,895	4,015	3,880
Movers	32,600	15,835	16,770	4,100	1,940	2,155
Non-migrants	17,810	8,725	9,080	2,130	975	1,150
Migrants	14,795	7,105	7,690	1,970	970	1,005
Internal migrants	13,720	6,525	7,190	1,885	930	955
Intraprovincial migrants	13,450	6,395	7,060	1,745	860	880
Interprovincial migrants	270	130	135	145	75	70
External migrants	1,075	580	500	85	30	50

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and North Perth, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and North Perth, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and North Perth, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bellechasse--Les Etchemins--Lévis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and North Perth, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario