Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec and McMurrich/Monteith, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bourassa Quebec [Federal electoral district]			McMurrich/Monteith, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : McMurrich/Monteith, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,032	...	...	824	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	100,286	...	...	779	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,646	...	...	752	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,115	...	...	386	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7,450.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13.56	...	...	277.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,035	47,730	53,305	825	440	385
0 to 14 years	18,430	9,375	9,055	85	40	45
0 to 4 years	6,740	3,460	3,280	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	6,425	3,290	3,135	35	10	20
10 to 14 years	5,270	2,625	2,645	25	15	15
15 to 64 years	63,040	30,690	32,360	540	285	260
15 to 19 years	5,515	2,780	2,730	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	6,050	2,875	3,170	30	15	10
25 to 29 years	6,065	2,830	3,235	40	25	15
30 to 34 years	6,145	2,810	3,335	40	20	25
35 to 39 years	6,650	3,115	3,530	35	20	20
40 to 44 years	6,605	3,305	3,295	45	20	20
45 to 49 years	6,790	3,495	3,295	45	25	20
50 to 54 years	6,850	3,540	3,305	75	30	45
55 to 59 years	6,590	3,195	3,395	95	55	35
60 to 64 years	5,800	2,735	3,065	105	50	55
65 years and over	19,560	7,670	11,890	195	110	85
65 to 69 years	5,115	2,220	2,895	60	40	25
70 to 74 years	4,190	1,755	2,430	65	35	30
75 to 79 years	3,675	1,470	2,210	35	20	15
80 to 84 years	3,095	1,215	1,880	25	10	5
85 years and over	3,485	1,005	2,480	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	2,195	695	1,500	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	985	260	720	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	260	45	215	0	0	5
100 years and over	40	5	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.2	19.6	17.0	10.3	9.1	11.7
15 to 64 years	62.4	64.3	60.7	65.5	64.8	67.5
65 years and over	19.4	16.1	22.3	23.6	25.0	22.1
85 years and over	3.4	2.1	4.7	1.2	1.1	1.3
Average age of the population	41.4	39.6	43.0	48.4	48.6	48.2
Median age of the population	41.3	40.1	42.4	53.8	54.2	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,115	...	...	385	...	...
Single-detached house	2,940	...	...	375	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,735	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	36,435	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	425	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,135	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	27,295	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,115	...	...	390	...	...
1 person	16,625	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	11,840	...	...	180	...	...
3 persons	6,140	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	4,945	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	3,565	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	98,075	...	...	805	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	82,600	38,355	44,245	740	395	340
Married or living common law	37,605	18,805	18,800	480	240	240
Married	29,310	14,650	14,665	375	185	185
Living common law	8,295	4,155	4,135	105	55	55
Not married and not living common law	44,995	19,545	25,445	260	155	100
Never married	28,100	14,150	13,950	130	85	45
Separated	2,380	1,030	1,350	30	15	15
Divorced	8,260	3,130	5,130	55	40	20
Widowed	6,250	1,240	5,010	40	15	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,110	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	11,730	...	...	180	...	...
3 persons	5,870	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	4,670	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	2,840	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,110	...	...	260	...	...
Total couple families	17,755	...	...	240	...	...
Married couples	13,620	...	...	180	...	...
Common-law couples	4,135	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,355	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	6,125	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	1,230	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,755	...	...	235	...	...
Couples without children	7,190	...	...	160	...	...
Couples with children	10,565	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	3,910	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	4,035	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	2,615	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,355	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,545	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,955	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	860	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	23,080	10,830	12,250	160	100	55
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,115	...	...	385	...	...
One-census-family households	24,010	...	...	250	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,915	...	...	155	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,095	...	...	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	545	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	18,565	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	16,625	...	...	120	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,935	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	100,090	47,400	52,690	820	435	385
English only	2,425	1,310	1,115	780	415	365
French only	52,615	22,900	29,715	0	0	0
English and French	42,455	22,280	20,180	40	20	25
Neither English nor French	2,595	910	1,680	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	100,095	47,400	52,690	825	440	385
English	8,970	4,575	4,395	810	430	375
French	81,070	37,700	43,370	15	5	5
English and French	7,535	4,250	3,285	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,515	875	1,635	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	12,740	6,700	6,040	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	12.7	14.1	11.5	1.8	1.1	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	100,090	47,400	52,690	825	435	385
Single responses	94,470	44,610	49,855	820	430	385
Official languages	54,415	25,335	29,085	770	405	355
English	3,705	1,890	1,815	755	400	350
French	50,710	23,440	27,270	15	5	15
Non-official languages	40,050	19,275	20,775	55	25	30
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40,040	19,275	20,765	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	10,170	5,305	4,865	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,975	1,040	940	0	0	0
Kabyle	1,260	670	590	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	720	370	350	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	8,185	4,260	3,925	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	8,165	4,250	3,915	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,475	730	745	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	440	215	230	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,035	515	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	25	55	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	9,580	4,235	5,345	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	265	135	130	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,295	4,090	5,205	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	230	120	105	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	225	120	105	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15,695	7,465	8,230	45	25	20
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	520	220	305	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	515	220	300	10	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	40	65	10	0	0
Russian	200	80	120	0	0	5
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	45	35	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	40	30	15	10	5
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	385	210	175	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	280	155	120	0	0	0
Bengali	65	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	50	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	14,540	6,895	7,645	10	5	5
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	7,305	3,455	3,850	5	0	0
Portuguese	540	250	295	5	5	0
Romanian	305	145	160	0	0	0
Spanish	6,375	3,045	3,335	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	810	400	405	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	30	20	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	120	55	60	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	90	50	45	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	35	45	0	0	0
Wolof	115	60	60	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	230	125	100	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	660	320	335	5	5	0
Chinese languages	655	320	330	0	0	0
Cantonese	300	150	145	5	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	95	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	45	65	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lao	70	40	30	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	1,025	520	505	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	1,010	520	490	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	55	70	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	55	70	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,620	2,790	2,830	5	5	0
English and French	705	375	335	5	0	0
English and non-official language	445	220	230	0	0	0
French and non-official language	4,025	1,955	2,070	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	445	240	200	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	100,090	47,400	52,690	820	440	385
Single responses	87,080	41,100	45,980	815	430	385
Official languages	65,870	31,060	34,815	800	425	370
English	6,800	3,420	3,380	795	425	375
French	59,070	27,635	31,435	0	0	0
Non-official languages	21,210	10,040	11,160	15	5	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	5	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,200	10,040	11,160	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,130	2,620	2,505	0	0	0
Berber languages	770	395	375	0	0	0
Kabyle	565	295	270	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	205	105	105	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	4,360	2,230	2,135	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	4,350	2,225	2,130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,120	550	575	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	280	130	150	0	0	0
Vietnamese	845	420	425	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	3,955	1,740	2,215	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	135	60	75	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,810	1,670	2,140	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	155	80	75	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,065	4,175	4,890	10	5	5
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	310	140	170	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	305	140	170	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	35	0	0	5
Russian	155	65	85	0	0	5
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	130	120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	185	100	90	0	0	0
Bengali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	8,425	3,865	4,560	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,665	1,605	2,060	0	0	0
Portuguese	240	100	135	5	0	0
Romanian	165	80	90	0	0	0
Spanish	4,360	2,085	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	195	85	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	40	25	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	500	250	250	5	5	0
Chinese languages	500	250	250	5	0	5
Cantonese	220	120	105	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	180	95	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	850	430	420	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	845	425	420	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	45	50	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	13,010	6,300	6,715	10	0	5
English and French	1,140	585	560	0	0	0
English and non-official language	745	375	375	10	5	5
French and non-official language	9,775	4,645	5,125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,355	700	650	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	100,090	47,400	52,690	825	435	385
None	70,570	32,975	37,595	795	425	370
English	4,675	2,355	2,315	10	0	5
French	9,735	4,735	4,995	5	5	5
Non-official language	12,955	6,250	6,705	15	5	10
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,950	6,245	6,705	10	5	5
English and French	800	420	375	0	0	0
English and non-official language	720	325	395	0	0	0
French and non-official language	605	310	290	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	79,670	37,435	42,235	725	390	335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,155	35,760	40,395	690	375	320
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,217	26,400	22,706	26,688	31,296	22,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,160	35,765	40,400	695	375	315
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,191	24,766	21,942	24,768	29,120	21,696
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,585	30,155	31,430	595	325	270
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,987	24,402	17,980	23,424	29,312	18,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,995	30,490	36,510	540	280	255
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,053	4,906	10,170	9,248	9,248	9,248
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,410	24,990	23,420	455	260	195
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,706	25,850	21,671	23,008	26,496	20,128
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	79,625	37,410	42,215	740	430	310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,090	35,755	40,340	710	415	295
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,186	32,479	28,155	32,995	33,748	31,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,095	35,755	40,340	710	415	295
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,518	27,950	25,249	28,920	29,701	27,818
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,615	30,065	31,550	590	340	250
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,367	30,969	23,934	29,637	30,373	28,634
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,025	30,515	36,510	560	330	235
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,111	7,539	10,426	10,506	11,090	9,677
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,345	24,840	23,510	440	265	170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,965	31,519	26,267	30,730	31,729	29,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	79,625	37,405	42,215	740	430	310
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,460	10,190	8,270	160	105	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	37,634	38,909	35,841	45,235	46,951	45,141
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	42,697	45,004	39,857	51,889	48,593	58,295
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.6	80.3	66.7	77.9	80.2	73.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.1	67.4	54.7	58.4	61.5	54.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	26.4	19.6	33.3	22.5	20.0	26.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	79,675	37,435	42,235	720	390	335
Without total income	3,515	1,675	1,840	30	15	15
With total income	76,155	35,760	40,395	690	375	320
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.5	95.6	95.8	96.2	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,000	5,950	6,050	105	50	55
$10,000 to $19,999	18,880	7,555	11,325	155	70	85
$20,000 to $29,999	14,920	6,535	8,390	125	60	60
$30,000 to $39,999	10,910	5,480	5,430	80	35	45
$40,000 to $49,999	7,770	3,815	3,955	70	45	20
$50,000 to $59,999	4,530	2,310	2,215	55	40	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,620	1,425	1,195	40	35	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,690	925	765	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	575	450	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	615	395	220	15	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,205	800	405	25	15	10
$100,000 to $149,999	895	580	320	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	305	220	90	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	79,670	37,435	42,235	720	385	335
Without after-tax income	3,510	1,675	1,840	30	15	15
With after-tax income	76,160	35,765	40,400	695	375	320
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.5	95.7	96.5	97.4	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,225	6,005	6,215	110	50	60
$10,000 to $19,999	19,580	7,910	11,670	160	75	85
$20,000 to $29,999	17,290	7,875	9,420	135	65	70
$30,000 to $39,999	12,970	6,575	6,395	110	60	55
$40,000 to $49,999	7,065	3,505	3,555	80	55	20
$50,000 to $59,999	3,485	1,815	1,675	45	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,765	950	810	15	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	835	490	345	20	10	5
$80,000 and over	950	640	310	20	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	370	235	130	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	195	135	60	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	390	275	115	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	79,670	37,435	42,235	720	390	335
Without employment income	31,260	12,445	18,815	270	135	135
With employment income	48,415	24,985	23,420	455	260	200
Percentage with employment income	60.8	66.7	55.5	63.2	66.7	59.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,295	3,530	3,765	100	55	45
$5,000 to $9,999	4,870	2,290	2,580	45	25	20
$10,000 to $19,999	9,020	4,345	4,670	65	30	35
$20,000 to $29,999	7,885	3,990	3,900	70	35	40
$30,000 to $39,999	6,770	3,690	3,075	45	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	4,725	2,485	2,240	40	30	10
$50,000 to $59,999	2,810	1,600	1,210	30	25	5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,750	1,030	720	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	715	600	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	1,985	1,325	660	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	710	455	260	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	445	295	150	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	825	575	250	15	10	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,115	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,347	...	...	54,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,772	...	...	49,024	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	16,625	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,912	...	...	25,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,924	...	...	24,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	26,490	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,300	...	...	61,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	52,950	...	...	55,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,090	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,300	...	...	59,393	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,823	...	...	52,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,605	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,742	...	...	37,132	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,602	...	...	31,964	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	26,490	...	...	265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,813	...	...	69,974	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,872	...	...	61,608	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,115	...	...	385	...	...
Under $5,000	550	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,105	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,345	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,350	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,465	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,910	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,885	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,020	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,830	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,495	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,275	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,385	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,570	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,855	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,415	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,645	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,250	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,090	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	890	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	410	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,115	...	...	390	...	...
Under $5,000	585	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,355	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,510	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,850	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,300	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,555	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,435	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,955	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,735	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,550	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,460	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,195	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,680	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,175	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,675	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,540	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	640	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	495	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,220	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,299	...	...	61,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	52,960	...	...	56,320	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,715	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,302	...	...	60,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,745	...	...	52,160	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,610	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	69,906	...	...	74,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	64,302	...	...	67,328	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,985	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,170	...	...	50,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,107	...	...	50,304	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,210	...	...	265	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,924	...	...	70,220	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,913	...	...	61,726	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,715	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,398	...	...	63,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,760	...	...	55,519	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,625	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,859	...	...	86,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	70,345	...	...	75,303	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,965	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,815	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,398	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,125	9,480	10,650	145	100	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,824	24,643	23,346	24,704	27,136	23,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,973	23,437	22,729	24,000	24,896	23,232
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,145	9,670	10,475	145	120	30
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,272	30,972	29,625	34,457	31,833	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,441	26,677	26,222	29,874	27,760	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	98,075	46,800	51,275	805	430	380
In the bottom half of the distribution	77,455	36,460	41,000	545	285	260
In the bottom decile	16,740	7,950	8,785	100	60	35
In the second decile	18,660	8,410	10,255	145	75	75
In the third decile	18,240	8,585	9,650	90	45	50
In the fourth decile	13,860	6,680	7,175	125	65	60
In the fifth decile	9,960	4,830	5,130	85	45	40
In the top half of the distribution	20,615	10,340	10,280	260	145	115
In the sixth decile	7,575	3,790	3,790	65	35	30
In the seventh decile	5,255	2,645	2,610	70	40	30
In the eighth decile	3,890	1,945	1,940	60	30	25
In the ninth decile	2,510	1,245	1,265	40	25	20
In the top decile	1,385	710	675	25	15	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	98,070	46,800	51,275	805	430	380
0 to 17 years	21,510	10,935	10,575	105	55	55
0 to 5 years	8,110	4,160	3,955	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	59,535	28,885	30,650	510	270	240
65 years and over	17,030	6,970	10,050	195	110	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	26,040	11,955	14,085	165	90	75
0 to 17 years	6,775	3,485	3,295	30	10	15
0 to 5 years	2,675	1,380	1,295	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	15,160	7,125	8,035	110	60	45
65 years and over	4,110	1,350	2,760	25	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	26.6	25.5	27.5	20.5	20.9	19.7
0 to 17 years (%)	31.5	31.9	31.2	28.6	18.2	27.3
0 to 5 years (%)	33.0	33.2	32.7	33.3	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	25.5	24.7	26.2	21.6	22.2	18.8
65 years and over (%)	24.1	19.4	27.5	12.8	13.6	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20,310	9,455	10,860	50	35	10
0 to 17 years	5,050	2,570	2,480	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	12,390	5,980	6,415	40	30	5
65 years and over	2,875	910	1,970	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	20.7	20.2	21.2	6.2	8.1	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	23.5	23.5	23.5	4.8	0.0	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	24.7	24.8	24.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	20.8	20.7	20.9	7.8	11.1	2.1
65 years and over (%)	16.9	13.1	19.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	97,985	46,770	51,215	855	485	370
Official languages	95,445	45,825	49,615	850	485	370
English	44,220	23,450	20,775	855	485	370
French	92,945	44,445	48,495	35	15	15
Non-official languages	55,855	26,910	28,945	30	10	25
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55,850	26,905	28,945	30	10	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	14,045	7,400	6,645	0	0	0
Berber languages	2,635	1,405	1,235	0	0	0
Kabyle	1,670	880	795	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	970	535	440	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	12,645	6,660	5,985	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	12,625	6,655	5,975	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,775	880	900	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	485	250	240	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,340	650	690	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	16,035	7,165	8,865	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	420	230	185	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15,645	6,935	8,710	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	270	130	140	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	270	130	135	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	21,015	10,085	10,930	20	0	15
Albanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Armenian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	730	310	420	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	730	310	420	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	20	45	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	50	85	0	0	0
Russian	355	155	195	0	0	0
Serbian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	260	150	105	15	0	15
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	15	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	215	130	90	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	85	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	585	255	325	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	450	195	250	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	15	45	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	270	95	170	0	0	0
Iranian languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	19,465	9,360	10,100	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	9,250	4,400	4,855	0	0	0
Portuguese	945	505	440	0	0	0
Romanian	390	210	175	0	0	0
Spanish	9,875	4,720	5,150	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	80	35	35	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	35	15	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	105	40	70	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	480	225	255	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	115	50	55	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	35	75	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	205	85	115	0	0	0
Wolof	255	150	105	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	410	225	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	175	80	100	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	95	45	50	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	815	400	410	0	0	0
Chinese languages	805	390	415	0	0	0
Cantonese	410	185	225	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	335	170	160	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Lao	75	35	35	0	0	0
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	1,125	540	585	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	1,115	535	580	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	75	35	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	115	75	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	65	40	30	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	97,985	46,770	51,215	850	485	370
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	84,540	40,390	44,145	825	475	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,900	9,605	9,295	135	70	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,640	30,785	34,850	695	405	290
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	13,450	6,385	7,070	30	10	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	97,990	46,770	51,215	855	485	375
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	56,755	26,960	29,795	795	450	345
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	40,000	19,165	20,835	60	35	25
Before 1981	7,810	3,745	4,070	30	25	10
1981 to 1990	4,915	2,415	2,495	15	10	10
1991 to 2000	6,865	3,325	3,545	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	11,400	5,455	5,940	10	0	10
2001 to 2005	4,300	2,080	2,220	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	7,105	3,380	3,720	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	9,000	4,220	4,780	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,230	650	585	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	40,000	19,160	20,830	60	35	25
Under 5 years	3,805	2,010	1,800	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	6,445	3,025	3,420	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	8,655	3,820	4,835	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	18,400	9,140	9,260	20	15	10
45 years and over	2,690	1,170	1,520	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	39,995	19,165	20,835	60	30	25
Americas	17,865	8,035	9,830	20	10	10
Brazil	55	15	40	0	0	0
Colombia	400	195	210	0	0	0
El Salvador	995	495	500	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	12,475	5,470	7,000	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	525	210	315	0	0	0
Peru	680	310	365	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	480	275	205	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	2,240	1,060	1,185	0	0	0
Europe	6,680	3,160	3,515	35	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	30	15	0	0	0
Croatia	25	10	10	0	0	0
France	705	310	395	0	0	0
Germany	25	0	20	10	10	0
Greece	45	30	15	0	0	0
Hungary	80	60	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	4,380	2,040	2,345	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	10	0	10	0
Poland	90	25	65	0	0	0
Portugal	360	185	175	0	0	0
Romania	240	125	115	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	10	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	25	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	30	15	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	470	240	225	0	0	0
Africa	10,850	5,640	5,205	0	0	0
Algeria	4,430	2,305	2,130	0	0	0
Egypt	165	110	60	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	3,505	1,830	1,680	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,725	1,400	1,325	0	0	0
Asia	4,600	2,320	2,280	10	0	10
Afghanistan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	15	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	330	135	190	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	0	0	0	0
India	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	100	45	50	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	1,315	710	605	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	35	65	0	0	0
Philippines	75	35	45	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	175	100	75	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	215	120	90	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	925	415	505	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,195	620	580	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,000	4,220	4,775	0	0	0
Americas	4,445	1,960	2,485	0	0	0
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	90	50	40	0	0	0
Cuba	60	25	40	0	0	0
Haiti	3,725	1,630	2,090	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	120	50	70	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	60	85	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	290	140	150	0	0	0
Europe	215	110	110	0	0	0
France	75	20	55	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	70	15	0	0	0
Africa	3,950	1,935	2,015	0	0	0
Algeria	1,865	930	935	0	0	0
Cameroon	305	145	160	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	160	85	70	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	110	45	60	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	890	445	440	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	165	80	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	435	185	245	0	0	0
Asia	390	215	170	10	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	60	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	45	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	15	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	97,990	46,770	51,215	855	485	370
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	41,645	20,035	21,605	60	35	35
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	22,420	11,235	11,185	175	115	60
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	33,925	15,505	18,420	620	335	280
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	32,655	15,645	17,010	30	10	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	13,720	7,390	6,330	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	6,575	4,210	2,365	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	7,150	3,180	3,965	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	12,100	4,820	7,280	30	10	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	6,000	3,035	2,970	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	830	400	430	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	97,990	46,770	51,215	855	485	370
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	590	300	290	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	545	280	265	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	200	105	95	0	0	0
Métis	340	175	170	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	97,390	46,470	50,925	855	485	370
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	97,985	46,775	51,215	855	485	370
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	145	60	85	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	97,840	46,710	51,130	855	485	370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	97,990	46,775	51,215	855	485	370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	385	190	195	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	370	180	185	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	300	155	145	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	65	25	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,510	595	915	40	20	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,490	580	905	40	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,325	515	805	25	15	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	65	100	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	96,095	45,990	50,105	815	465	350
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	97,985	46,770	51,215	855	485	370
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	45,305	21,950	23,360	10	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	715	345	370	0	0	0
Chinese	730	350	385	0	0	0
Black	23,505	10,860	12,645	0	0	0
Filipino	105	45	60	0	0	0
Latin American	6,665	3,280	3,390	0	0	0
Arab	10,560	5,595	4,970	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,885	915	970	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	120	65	55	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	565	275	285	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	52,685	24,825	27,855	845	475	370
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	97,990	46,770	51,215	855	485	375
North American Aboriginal origins	1,895	785	1,110	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,660	690	970	30	15	15
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	265	110	155	0	0	10
Other North American origins	27,270	12,500	14,770	295	160	135
Acadian	285	130	155	0	0	0
American	500	225	275	35	20	15
Canadian	24,590	11,235	13,355	275	150	130
New Brunswicker	10	0	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,470	1,185	1,290	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,770	14,400	16,375	740	430	310
British Isles origins	4,305	1,855	2,450	575	325	250
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,130	500	630	350	190	160
Irish	2,730	1,115	1,615	255	135	120
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,010	470	535	195	110	90
Welsh	35	20	15	30	15	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	115	40	75	40	20	20
French origins	13,020	5,885	7,135	125	55	65
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	100	40	60	0	0	0
Corsican	15	10	15	0	0	0
French	12,935	5,850	7,090	120	55	60
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,590	735	855	215	115	100
Austrian	45	20	20	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	370	180	190	0	0	0
Dutch	85	25	60	45	30	20
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	975	425	545	160	90	70
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	165	90	80	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	25	30	80	60	15
Danish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	40	30	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Swedish	20	10	10	20	15	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,700	810	890	95	65	30
Bulgarian	70	20	50	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	260	150	110	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	460	205	260	35	30	10
Romanian	400	220	180	0	0	0
Russian	245	105	140	20	15	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	100	170	50	25	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	14,795	7,175	7,620	45	25	25
Albanian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	35	35	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	355	215	140	0	0	0
Italian	11,585	5,500	6,080	15	10	10
Kosovar	20	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,130	585	550	0	0	0
Serbian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	2,155	1,090	1,065	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	280	150	130	0	0	0
Basque	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jewish	120	55	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	105	55	55	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	19,220	8,815	10,410	0	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	15	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	375	140	235	0	0	0
Dominican	580	270	310	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	30	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian	18,115	8,285	9,830	0	0	0
Jamaican	170	115	55	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	110	60	50	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	130	55	70	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	6,675	3,300	3,375	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	360	180	185	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Brazilian	135	55	75	0	0	0
Chilean	335	185	150	0	0	0
Colombian	590	295	295	0	0	0
Costa Rican	70	45	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	145	85	60	0	0	0
Guatemalan	815	420	395	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	15	25	0	0	0
Honduran	480	230	260	0	0	0
Maya	190	140	55	0	0	0
Mexican	750	340	410	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	190	100	95	0	0	0
Panamanian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	890	440	450	0	0	0
Salvadorean	1,640	835	810	0	0	0
Uruguayan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Venezuelan	120	50	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	335	195	140	0	0	0
African origins	16,290	8,390	7,905	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	2,225	1,105	1,115	0	0	0
Akan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Burkinabe	115	65	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	465	230	235	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	680	335	345	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	15	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Guinean	120	55	65	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	135	45	90	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Malinké	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	120	40	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	250	140	115	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	65	30	40	0	0	0
Wolof	50	35	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	135	70	65	0	0	0
North African origins	10,920	5,760	5,160	0	0	0
Algerian	3,710	1,915	1,790	0	0	0
Berber	2,695	1,435	1,255	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	240	160	80	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	4,330	2,235	2,090	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	515	280	235	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	205	120	90	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	560	260	305	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	150	60	90	0	0	0
Seychellois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
South African	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	15	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	2,720	1,345	1,375	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	135	65	70	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	2,640	1,320	1,320	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,750	5,460	5,295	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,895	3,605	3,290	0	0	0
Afghan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	2,275	1,180	1,100	0	0	0
Armenian	125	85	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iraqi	140	80	60	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	2,670	1,465	1,205	0	0	0
Palestinian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	320	170	155	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	1,195	590	610	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	20	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	820	375	445	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	350	145	210	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	190	90	100	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	170	95	75	0	0	0
Tamil	75	35	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,050	1,475	1,580	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chinese	1,180	565	615	0	0	0
Filipino	135	50	80	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	30	15	0	0	0
Laotian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,340	640	700	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	10	0	0	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,095	...	...	390	...	...
Owner	12,635	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	30,465	...	...	50	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
Condominium	4,000	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	39,100	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
No bedrooms	435	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	9,995	...	...	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,375	...	...	140	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,425	...	...	160	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,865	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	23,980	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	10,650	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	3,070	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	2,295	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,100	...	...	110	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,425	...	...	395	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,665	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
Suitable	38,405	...	...	380	...	...
Not suitable	4,685	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
1960 or before	13,540	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	21,190	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,325	...	...	85	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,810	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	695	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	725	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	795	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,095	...	...	395	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,645	...	...	340	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,445	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,095	...	...	390	...	...
1 household maintainer	31,065	...	...	245	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,095	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	940	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,090	...	...	395	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,090	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,175	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,555	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,830	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,205	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,100	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,220	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	1,925	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,085	...	...	395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,735	...	...	290	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	14,350	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	13,110	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,630	...	...	345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.7	...	...	46.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.0	...	...	20.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,065	...	...	682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,226	...	...	831	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,881	...	...	200,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	366,668	...	...	285,287	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,460	...	...	50	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.8	...	...	70.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	713	...	...	944	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	757	...	...	976	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	79,625	37,410	42,220	740	425	310
No certificate, diploma or degree	23,345	10,715	12,630	160	105	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,800	8,345	9,455	220	115	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,470	18,350	20,125	360	205	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,225	6,770	6,455	85	65	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,755	4,470	5,280	50	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,470	2,300	1,175	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,105	4,995	6,110	215	105	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,845	1,210	1,635	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,290	5,375	5,920	60	40	20
Bachelor's degree	7,545	3,460	4,080	55	35	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,370	695	675	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	90	100	10	10	0
Master's degree	1,920	965	950	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	270	155	115	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	51,110	24,865	26,240	465	265	200
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,095	5,480	5,615	55	30	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,130	5,095	5,035	175	90	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,885	14,290	15,590	230	145	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,325	5,030	5,295	60	50	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,725	3,410	4,315	35	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,595	1,625	970	20	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,895	3,760	4,135	125	70	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,085	915	1,170	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,580	4,580	5,000	35	20	15
Bachelor's degree	6,325	2,945	3,380	30	20	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,190	600	590	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	60	90	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,690	855	840	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	220	125	95	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	79,625	37,405	42,215	740	425	315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	41,155	19,060	22,095	380	220	160
Education	2,275	625	1,645	25	10	15
13. Education	2,275	625	1,645	20	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,525	695	830	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	240	75	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,210	455	755	0	0	0
Humanities	2,250	820	1,425	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	355	80	270	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	155	40	115	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	980	335	645	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	60	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	110	20	0	0	0
54. History	165	90	75	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	370	110	265	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,115	1,305	2,810	45	20	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	15	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	355	150	210	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,140	125	1,015	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	780	285	500	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	15	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	485	105	380	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,210	615	595	20	10	0
Business, management and public administration	7,860	2,950	4,905	35	0	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	355	100	245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,490	2,840	4,650	25	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,535	865	670	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	505	195	310	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	285	170	115	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	195	105	90	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	465	340	125	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	55	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,890	1,380	515	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,540	1,205	330	0	0	0
25. Library science	135	40	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	115	80	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,495	6,900	595	125	120	10
04. Architecture and related services	240	165	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,530	1,295	230	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,320	1,190	130	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,875	1,820	60	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,555	1,520	35	45	40	0
48. Precision production	970	915	60	20	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	230	180	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	355	185	170	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	10	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,060	1,050	5,010	50	0	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	215	130	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,805	900	4,905	50	0	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,055	1,530	1,525	55	30	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,840	490	1,350	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	590	470	125	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	615	565	50	20	20	0
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	51,110	24,870	26,240	465	265	200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,230	10,580	10,650	235	120	115
Education	1,565	415	1,150	15	10	10
13. Education	1,560	410	1,150	15	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,105	530	575	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	165	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	880	365	510	0	0	0
Humanities	1,485	545	935	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	295	75	225	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	125	30	100	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	505	190	315	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	40	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	75	10	0	0	0
54. History	110	55	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	300	90	215	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,290	1,075	2,220	25	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	305	140	170	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	85	815	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	665	235	425	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	10	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	360	75	285	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	965	510	455	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	6,220	2,325	3,900	20	0	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	85	195	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,920	2,230	3,695	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,140	650	490	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	445	170	270	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	110	75	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	40	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	385	280	110	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	50	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,685	1,240	445	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,395	1,090	300	0	0	0
25. Library science	110	45	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	100	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,775	5,240	535	85	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	220	145	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,335	1,125	210	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,055	950	100	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,315	1,255	50	10	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,210	1,175	35	25	20	10
48. Precision production	650	590	60	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	200	150	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	300	160	145	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	10	0	0
Health and related fields	4,840	880	3,960	35	10	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	110	70	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,630	755	3,875	35	10	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,415	1,195	1,215	40	25	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,450	365	1,085	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	445	350	90	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	475	40	20	20	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	79,625	37,405	42,215	740	425	310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,150	19,060	22,095	375	220	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,475	18,345	20,125	360	210	150
Location of study inside Canada	31,155	14,425	16,730	345	200	150
Same as province or territory of residence	30,625	14,170	16,455	325	190	135
Different than province or territory of residence	530	260	275	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,315	3,925	3,395	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	120	85	15	10	0
Philippines	25	10	15	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	35	70	0	0	0
France	595	355	250	0	0	0
Other	6,335	3,375	2,955	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	51,110	24,870	26,240	465	265	205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,230	10,580	10,655	235	120	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,880	14,290	15,590	230	145	85
Location of study inside Canada	23,510	10,930	12,585	215	135	80
Same as province or territory of residence	23,085	10,725	12,365	200	125	70
Different than province or territory of residence	425	205	220	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,370	3,365	3,005	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	90	80	15	10	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	20	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	35	70	0	0	0
France	480	280	200	0	0	0
Other	5,565	2,935	2,625	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	79,625	37,410	42,215	740	425	315
In the labour force	45,435	23,575	21,865	335	220	120
Employed	40,015	20,665	19,350	305	185	120
Unemployed	5,420	2,910	2,510	35	30	0
Not in the labour force	34,190	13,835	20,355	400	210	190
Participation rate	57.1	63.0	51.8	45.3	51.8	38.1
Employment rate	50.3	55.2	45.8	41.2	43.5	38.1
Unemployment rate	11.9	12.3	11.5	10.4	13.6	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	79,625	37,405	42,215	735	430	310
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	34,395	14,115	20,280	335	185	150
Worked	45,230	23,295	21,940	410	240	165
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,005	10,555	8,445	165	110	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,225	12,730	13,495	245	130	110
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.2	39.8	39.5	39.0	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	45,435	23,570	21,860	340	215	120
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,590	1,295	1,290	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	42,845	22,275	20,570	335	215	120
Employee	38,650	19,640	19,005	280	185	100
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,200	2,635	1,565	55	30	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	45,435	23,575	21,860	340	220	120
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,590	1,295	1,295	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	42,845	22,275	20,570	335	215	120
0 Management occupations	2,530	1,525	1,005	30	20	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,695	2,465	4,225	45	10	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,110	1,705	410	25	15	0
3 Health occupations	3,620	675	2,945	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,715	1,205	3,510	25	10	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	985	505	480	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,645	6,180	6,470	55	35	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,635	5,375	260	100	95	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	320	245	70	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,605	2,405	1,200	35	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	45,435	23,575	21,865	340	220	125
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,590	1,295	1,290	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	42,845	22,275	20,570	335	215	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	60	65	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	105	65	40	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,035	1,845	185	50	55	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,505	3,840	1,670	45	35	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,875	1,210	670	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,665	2,800	2,865	30	20	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,145	1,775	370	35	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	890	560	330	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,410	690	720	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	650	405	245	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,360	1,310	1,050	30	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,435	2,050	1,385	15	10	10
61 Educational services	2,720	890	1,830	15	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	6,710	1,310	5,395	30	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	620	275	340	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,885	1,315	1,565	25	15	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,060	1,000	1,060	20	10	10
91 Public administration	1,610	840	770	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	40,020	20,670	19,350	305	190	115
Worked at home	1,695	835	860	25	15	10
Worked outside Canada	80	65	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,295	3,050	1,245	70	55	15
Worked at usual place	33,945	16,715	17,235	210	120	90
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	33,950	16,715	17,235	210	120	90
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,590	12,935	14,650	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,825	1,125	695	30	0	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,475	2,635	1,845	150	100	50
Commute to a different province or territory	60	20	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	38,245	19,765	18,475	280	175	100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,465	13,070	8,390	260	160	100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,140	375	770	10	10	0
Public transit	13,060	5,135	7,930	0	0	0
Walked	1,880	730	1,150	10	10	0
Bicycle	365	270	95	0	0	0
Other method	330	180	150	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	38,240	19,765	18,480	280	175	105
Less than 15 minutes	5,205	2,475	2,730	35	10	20
15 to 29 minutes	11,130	5,825	5,305	50	30	20
30 to 44 minutes	9,230	5,445	3,785	80	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	5,685	2,900	2,785	75	45	25
60 minutes and over	6,985	3,120	3,870	35	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	38,245	19,760	18,480	280	175	105
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,445	2,270	1,175	20	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,660	4,350	3,310	80	60	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,420	4,160	5,260	55	30	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,765	2,480	3,285	60	20	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,970	1,835	2,130	30	25	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,975	4,660	3,320	35	20	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,285	24,255	23,025	420	245	175
Single responses	40,760	20,445	20,315	420	250	175
Official languages	40,230	20,170	20,060	420	250	170
English	3,940	2,200	1,745	415	245	165
French	36,285	17,970	18,315	0	0	0
Non-official languages	530	285	250	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	530	280	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	50	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	55	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	40	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	10	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	135	100	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	130	95	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	145	85	60	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,520	3,805	2,715	0	0	0
English and French	5,705	3,365	2,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	40	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	370	200	170	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	380	195	185	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,280	24,255	23,025	420	250	170
None	31,025	15,675	15,345	405	245	160
English	11,330	6,005	5,325	0	0	0
French	2,605	1,420	1,190	10	10	0
Non-official language	1,665	820	840	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,660	825	835	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	505	250	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language	135	70	60	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	96,680	46,105	50,580	845	475	370
Non-movers	84,620	40,365	44,260	755	415	340
Movers	12,055	5,740	6,315	90	60	35
Non-migrants	9,365	4,395	4,970	10	0	0
Migrants	2,690	1,345	1,345	80	50	30
Internal migrants	1,520	760	770	85	50	30
Intraprovincial migrants	1,350	665	685	80	50	30
Interprovincial migrants	170	95	80	0	0	0
External migrants	1,170	590	580	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	91,300	43,205	48,095	825	465	355
Non-movers	52,790	24,840	27,950	580	315	260
Movers	38,510	18,370	20,145	245	150	95
Non-migrants	27,535	13,045	14,485	35	25	15
Migrants	10,975	5,315	5,655	210	125	85
Internal migrants	4,235	2,000	2,240	205	125	80
Intraprovincial migrants	3,915	1,850	2,070	195	120	75
Interprovincial migrants	315	155	165	10	0	10
External migrants	6,740	3,320	3,420	0	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec and McMurrich/Monteith, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec and McMurrich/Monteith, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec and McMurrich/Monteith, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bourassa [Federal electoral district], Quebec and McMurrich/Monteith, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario