Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brome--Missisquoi Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Bracebridge Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,457	...	...	9,232	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,616	...	...	9,030^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.9	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,935	...	...	4,234	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	46,577	...	...	4,062	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37.2	...	...	689.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,783.46	...	...	13.39	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,460	51,455	51,995	9,230	4,280	4,955
0 to 14 years	15,180	7,790	7,390	1,240	615	625
0 to 4 years	4,720	2,410	2,310	385	200	180
5 to 9 years	5,465	2,805	2,660	440	200	240
10 to 14 years	4,995	2,575	2,420	420	215	205
15 to 64 years	63,240	31,635	31,610	5,455	2,625	2,830
15 to 19 years	4,925	2,560	2,365	470	235	230
20 to 24 years	4,575	2,325	2,250	490	240	250
25 to 29 years	4,460	2,250	2,210	485	245	240
30 to 34 years	5,050	2,575	2,480	495	245	250
35 to 39 years	5,730	2,875	2,850	455	225	235
40 to 44 years	5,515	2,720	2,795	425	215	205
45 to 49 years	6,095	3,095	2,995	515	245	265
50 to 54 years	8,195	4,005	4,195	675	320	360
55 to 59 years	9,220	4,530	4,695	700	315	385
60 to 64 years	9,480	4,710	4,775	745	350	395
65 years and over	25,030	12,030	13,000	2,535	1,035	1,500
65 to 69 years	8,985	4,470	4,515	655	300	350
70 to 74 years	6,730	3,405	3,325	560	235	320
75 to 79 years	4,105	2,050	2,060	455	190	270
80 to 84 years	2,605	1,220	1,380	380	165	215
85 years and over	2,600	885	1,715	485	145	340
85 to 89 years	1,620	620	995	280	110	175
90 to 94 years	745	220	530	155	30	120
95 to 99 years	215	45	170	35	5	35
100 years and over	20	5	20	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.1	14.2	13.4	14.4	12.6
15 to 64 years	61.1	61.5	60.8	59.1	61.3	57.1
65 years and over	24.2	23.4	25.0	27.5	24.2	30.3
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.3	5.3	3.4	6.9
Average age of the population	45.8	45.1	46.5	47.1	45.1	48.9
Median age of the population	50.1	49.3	50.9	50.4	47.4	52.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
Single-detached house	30,525	...	...	2,455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	30	...	...	105	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15,460	...	...	1,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,645	...	...	200	...	...
Row house	575	...	...	345	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,545	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,155	...	...	680	...	...
Other single-attached house	545	...	...	90	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	560	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	46,575	...	...	4,065	...	...
1 person	15,320	...	...	1,350	...	...
2 persons	19,100	...	...	1,565	...	...
3 persons	5,260	...	...	495	...	...
4 persons	4,430	...	...	450	...	...
5 or more persons	2,465	...	...	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,385	...	...	8,860	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	88,275	43,665	44,610	7,995	3,665	4,330
Married or living common law	53,510	26,810	26,700	4,435	2,215	2,220
Married	31,420	15,760	15,665	3,590	1,795	1,800
Living common law	22,090	11,050	11,040	840	420	420
Not married and not living common law	34,760	16,855	17,905	3,560	1,450	2,110
Never married	20,930	11,680	9,250	1,855	995	865
Separated	1,195	625	570	320	125	190
Divorced	7,195	3,280	3,925	585	200	390
Widowed	5,435	1,280	4,160	800	135	665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,415	...	...	2,635	...	...
2 persons	19,070	...	...	1,595	...	...
3 persons	4,985	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	4,270	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	2,085	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,415	...	...	2,630	...	...
Total couple families	26,250	...	...	2,170	...	...
Married couples	15,215	...	...	1,750	...	...
Common-law couples	11,035	...	...	420	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,165	...	...	460	...	...
Female parent	2,990	...	...	380	...	...
Male parent	1,175	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,250	...	...	2,170	...	...
Couples without children	16,535	...	...	1,315	...	...
Couples with children	9,710	...	...	860	...	...
1 child	3,780	...	...	330	...	...
2 children	3,955	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	1,970	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,170	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	2,535	...	...	280	...	...
2 children	1,205	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,070	9,485	9,585	1,795	750	1,050
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	46,575	...	...	4,065	...	...
One-census-family households	29,855	...	...	2,530	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,290	...	...	1,265	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,565	...	...	1,270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	275	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,450	...	...	1,480	...	...
One-person households	15,320	...	...	1,350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,125	...	...	130	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	101,305	50,450	50,855	9,015	4,210	4,805
English only	5,020	2,540	2,480	8,355	3,970	4,385
French only	44,875	21,165	23,710	0	0	0
English and French	51,310	26,690	24,620	650	235	410
Neither English nor French	95	55	40	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	101,305	50,450	50,850	9,015	4,210	4,805
English	14,835	7,405	7,430	8,915	4,170	4,745
French	85,590	42,610	42,985	85	35	55
English and French	790	390	400	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	80	50	35	15	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15,230	7,600	7,630	90	30	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	15.0	15.1	15.0	1.0	0.7	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	101,300	50,450	50,850	9,010	4,210	4,805
Single responses	99,760	49,680	50,080	8,955	4,180	4,770
Official languages	97,520	48,565	48,955	8,605	4,030	4,570
English	13,585	6,780	6,805	8,505	3,995	4,505
French	83,930	41,785	42,150	100	40	60
Non-official languages	2,240	1,120	1,120	355	150	200
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,225	1,110	1,115	355	155	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	70	35	0	0	5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	60	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	55	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	5	30	10	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	25	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	5	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,785	895	890	260	115	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	320	140	175	45	20	25
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	5
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	305	140	170	50	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	145	70	85	20	10	5
Russian	45	15	25	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Germanic languages	665	325	340	140	50	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	10	5	5	5	5	5
Dutch	100	40	60	30	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	485	240	240	95	35	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	10	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	45	30	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	10	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	15	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	710	375	340	45	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	205	125	85	15	15	0
Portuguese	50	25	20	15	5	15
Romanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Spanish	410	200	210	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	50	25	15	10
Chinese languages	90	40	50	25	10	15
Cantonese	25	10	15	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	35	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	20	5	10
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	20	10	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,545	765	775	60	25	35
English and French	1,295	650	645	25	10	15
English and non-official language	80	40	35	30	10	20
French and non-official language	120	55	70	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	20	25	0	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	101,300	50,450	50,850	9,015	4,210	4,805
Single responses	99,430	49,560	49,875	8,940	4,180	4,760
Official languages	98,715	49,180	49,535	8,885	4,150	4,735
English	14,210	7,115	7,090	8,875	4,145	4,730
French	84,510	42,060	42,445	15	5	10
Non-official languages	715	380	335	55	30	25
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	715	380	335	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	300	275	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	40	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	5	0	5
Russian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	80	95	10	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	25	5	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	145	70	75	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	5	5	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	160	125	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	215	125	90	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	35	30	15	10	5
Chinese languages	65	30	30	15	10	5
Cantonese	15	5	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	5	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,870	890	975	75	30	45
English and French	1,455	685	770	5	0	5
English and non-official language	110	55	55	70	30	40
French and non-official language	245	125	125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	101,300	50,450	50,850	9,015	4,210	4,805
None	87,965	43,810	44,160	8,710	4,085	4,625
English	8,030	4,035	3,995	30	15	15
French	4,145	2,050	2,090	115	45	75
Non-official language	840	405	435	150	60	85
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	830	400	435	150	60	90
English and French	70	35	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	170	75	90	5	0	0
French and non-official language	80	40	45	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	85,225	42,250	42,975	7,625	3,550	4,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,275	41,340	41,940	7,495	3,485	4,015
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,542	36,576	27,169	32,888	38,667	28,907
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,305	41,345	41,960	7,495	3,480	4,015
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,255	32,054	24,842	29,778	34,524	26,744
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,205	37,630	36,575	6,820	3,205	3,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,467	33,142	22,559	28,966	35,909	23,590
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,305	31,165	34,140	5,715	2,475	3,240
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,839	8,406	9,351	8,518	8,248	8,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,745	29,740	26,995	5,305	2,640	2,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,271	31,315	23,967	27,520	30,443	24,341
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	85,200	42,215	42,980	7,690	3,580	4,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,160	41,270	41,895	7,555	3,490	4,065
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,100	48,183	34,123	42,212	48,305	36,981
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,185	41,275	41,920	7,555	3,490	4,065
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,861	38,874	28,926	36,084	40,740	32,086
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,160	37,825	36,335	6,890	3,200	3,695
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,724	45,034	30,115	38,444	45,901	31,993
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,505	31,310	34,195	5,700	2,480	3,225
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,469	9,101	9,806	9,466	8,817	9,965
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,765	29,895	26,870	5,395	2,630	2,765
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,402	41,586	30,632	35,416	39,585	31,450
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	85,195	42,215	42,985	7,690	3,575	4,110
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,400	13,115	10,280	2,440	1,315	1,125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,981	46,558	37,348	46,113	50,948	41,621
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,202	57,867	44,973	52,759	55,852	49,153
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.4	86.2	77.1	83.4	86.9	79.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.2	62.2	57.5	61.1	63.8	58.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.6	13.8	22.9	16.6	13.0	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	85,225	42,250	42,975	7,625	3,550	4,070
Without total income	1,945	910	1,040	130	70	60
With total income	83,275	41,340	41,940	7,495	3,480	4,015
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.8	97.6	98.3	98.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,255	3,915	5,345	925	385	540
$10,000 to $19,999	16,150	6,445	9,700	1,290	510	780
$20,000 to $29,999	14,345	6,405	7,940	1,255	495	760
$30,000 to $39,999	12,060	5,935	6,130	975	410	575
$40,000 to $49,999	9,655	5,080	4,575	825	370	460
$50,000 to $59,999	6,855	4,010	2,850	630	375	255
$60,000 to $69,999	4,405	2,690	1,715	440	255	190
$70,000 to $79,999	3,045	1,820	1,230	300	170	135
$80,000 to $89,999	1,950	1,215	730	240	130	110
$90,000 to $99,999	1,325	840	480	190	110	80
$100,000 and over	4,225	2,985	1,240	415	275	140
$100,000 to $149,999	2,575	1,745	830	295	190	110
$150,000 and over	1,650	1,240	410	120	85	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	85,225	42,250	42,975	7,625	3,555	4,070
Without after-tax income	1,920	905	1,015	130	75	55
With after-tax income	83,305	41,345	41,960	7,495	3,480	4,015
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.9	97.6	98.3	97.9	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,885	4,055	5,825	975	390	585
$10,000 to $19,999	17,055	6,900	10,155	1,355	545	810
$20,000 to $29,999	17,490	8,080	9,415	1,445	565	880
$30,000 to $39,999	14,725	7,580	7,145	1,140	500	645
$40,000 to $49,999	9,850	5,665	4,190	910	495	420
$50,000 to $59,999	5,600	3,355	2,240	585	330	255
$60,000 to $69,999	3,255	1,965	1,295	360	195	165
$70,000 to $79,999	1,755	1,140	610	280	170	105
$80,000 and over	3,690	2,605	1,085	440	295	150
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	715	340	165	100	65
$90,000 to $99,999	630	420	210	90	60	30
$100,000 and over	2,010	1,475	540	180	125	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	85,225	42,250	42,975	7,625	3,555	4,070
Without employment income	28,480	12,505	15,975	2,320	920	1,405
With employment income	56,745	29,745	27,000	5,305	2,635	2,665
Percentage with employment income	66.6	70.4	62.8	69.6	74.1	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,935	4,635	4,305	925	455	475
$5,000 to $9,999	4,915	2,220	2,690	500	210	285
$10,000 to $19,999	8,715	3,935	4,780	725	330	395
$20,000 to $29,999	7,845	3,590	4,255	685	320	365
$30,000 to $39,999	7,245	3,590	3,655	590	255	335
$40,000 to $49,999	5,455	3,020	2,435	505	240	260
$50,000 to $59,999	4,040	2,530	1,510	365	230	140
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	1,660	945	250	145	105
$70,000 to $79,999	2,090	1,210	875	185	95	90
$80,000 and over	4,895	3,355	1,535	585	370	215
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	860	450	160	90	70
$90,000 to $99,999	875	570	305	150	85	65
$100,000 and over	2,710	1,925	785	280	195	80
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	46,575	...	...	4,065	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,192	...	...	62,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,193	...	...	55,394	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,320	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,964	...	...	31,573	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,217	...	...	29,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,260	...	...	2,715	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,228	...	...	81,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,533	...	...	72,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,383	...	...	78,535	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,477	...	...	67,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,355	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,509	...	...	42,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,425	...	...	36,403	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,220	...	...	2,735	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,550	...	...	96,206	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,781	...	...	82,057	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	46,580	...	...	4,065	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	680	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,570	...	...	110	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,360	...	...	160	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,620	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,115	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,765	...	...	190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,740	...	...	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,535	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,325	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,340	...	...	355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,840	...	...	280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,285	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,745	...	...	270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,320	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,870	...	...	1,020	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,915	...	...	395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,215	...	...	235	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,050	...	...	235	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,695	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	46,575	...	...	4,060	...	...
Under $5,000	525	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	705	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,585	...	...	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,480	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,965	...	...	275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,565	...	...	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,375	...	...	235	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,245	...	...	250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,940	...	...	225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,805	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,075	...	...	380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,350	...	...	355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,385	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,605	...	...	265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,950	...	...	235	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,020	...	...	685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,920	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,370	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,730	...	...	200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,440	...	...	2,620	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,430	...	...	81,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,692	...	...	71,744	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	16,030	...	...	1,245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,830	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,685	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,775	...	...	870	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,507	...	...	103,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,637	...	...	89,651	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,035	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,435	...	...	51,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,704	...	...	47,296	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,395	...	...	2,630	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,764	...	...	95,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,903	...	...	81,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	16,005	...	...	1,185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,706	...	...	96,555	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,102	...	...	80,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,775	...	...	910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,759	...	...	114,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,544	...	...	97,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,015	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,824	...	...	59,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,902	...	...	53,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,640	8,880	8,760	1,650	680	970
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,402	31,608	26,122	30,208	31,403	29,856
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,129	28,165	24,626	28,096	28,640	27,819
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,575	8,850	8,730	1,640	690	950
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,216	43,363	35,014	40,730	39,873	41,351
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,449	34,987	29,877	35,327	34,451	35,962
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,385	50,030	50,355	8,855	4,160	4,695
In the bottom half of the distribution	61,870	30,300	31,570	4,650	2,120	2,530
In the bottom decile	8,650	4,210	4,435	745	385	360
In the second decile	12,540	5,800	6,735	1,085	450	635
In the third decile	14,455	7,040	7,415	980	425	560
In the fourth decile	13,695	6,895	6,805	960	440	520
In the fifth decile	12,535	6,355	6,185	880	420	455
In the top half of the distribution	38,515	19,725	18,785	4,205	2,045	2,160
In the sixth decile	10,865	5,605	5,260	970	460	510
In the seventh decile	8,990	4,540	4,450	890	430	460
In the eighth decile	7,415	3,795	3,625	935	455	480
In the ninth decile	5,685	2,900	2,785	805	395	410
In the top decile	5,550	2,890	2,665	610	300	305
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	100,385	50,035	50,355	8,860	4,160	4,695
0 to 17 years	18,195	9,365	8,835	1,485	735	745
0 to 5 years	5,710	2,960	2,755	460	235	225
18 to 64 years	59,155	29,240	29,915	5,135	2,465	2,670
65 years and over	23,035	11,425	11,610	2,240	960	1,280
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,625	6,875	7,755	1,270	585	680
0 to 17 years	2,840	1,435	1,400	305	170	135
0 to 5 years	840	435	405	110	65	45
18 to 64 years	8,070	3,895	4,175	695	335	360
65 years and over	3,720	1,545	2,170	265	75	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.7	15.4	14.3	14.1	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	15.6	15.3	15.8	20.5	23.1	18.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.7	14.7	14.7	23.9	27.7	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.6	13.3	14.0	13.5	13.6	13.5
65 years and over (%)	16.1	13.5	18.7	11.8	7.8	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,140	2,620	2,515	480	260	225
0 to 17 years	900	440	460	90	55	35
0 to 5 years	270	145	120	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	3,850	1,990	1,860	350	185	165
65 years and over	385	190	195	40	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	5.4	6.3	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	4.7	5.2	6.1	7.5	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.7	4.9	4.4	8.7	10.6	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.8	6.2	6.8	7.5	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,385	50,015	50,370	8,965	4,195	4,770
Official languages	100,325	49,975	50,355	8,955	4,185	4,770
English	55,915	29,180	26,735	8,960	4,190	4,770
French	95,480	47,535	47,940	660	195	465
Non-official languages	5,955	2,870	3,080	430	165	265
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,940	2,860	3,080	425	160	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	115	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	115	35	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	105	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	0	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	10	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	30	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	30	30	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	30	25	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,355	2,570	2,780	325	125	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	405	195	205	55	25	30
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	385	190	195	55	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	10	0	10	0
Czech	25	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	220	110	110	15	0	10
Russian	25	10	15	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	15	10	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	10	10	0
Ukrainian	30	15	25	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	1,025	525	500	165	60	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	10
Danish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Dutch	120	55	65	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	830	435	400	135	45	90
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	55	20	35	0	10	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	45	25	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	55	25	20	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15	20	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	10	0	10	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,985	1,855	2,135	80	25	60
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	610	300	305	20	10	10
Portuguese	125	85	40	15	0	15
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	3,400	1,555	1,840	55	15	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	15	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	25	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	90	50	45	20	0	25
American Sign Language	20	10	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	20	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	75	35	10	25
Chinese languages	130	55	70	30	10	20
Cantonese	50	20	25	15	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	25	45	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	10	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	15	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	30	20	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	10	0	10
Hungarian	40	25	15	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	99,025	49,375	49,650	8,805	4,105	4,695
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,005	9,215	8,785	1,545	730	820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,020	40,155	40,865	7,260	3,380	3,885
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,365	640	730	160	90	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	95,470	47,565	47,900	8,280	3,830	4,445
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,685	2,320	2,365	680	355	320
Before 1981	2,315	1,130	1,190	455	245	210
1981 to 1990	530	290	240	90	40	50
1991 to 2000	585	290	290	50	35	20
2001 to 2010	850	440	410	75	40	35
2001 to 2005	345	180	160	20	10	15
2006 to 2010	510	260	245	55	30	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	400	170	225	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	235	130	100	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,690	2,325	2,365	680	355	325
Under 5 years	620	290	325	105	60	45
5 to 14 years	735	370	365	155	90	65
15 to 24 years	1,090	485	605	165	80	90
25 to 44 years	1,850	1,005	850	225	120	110
45 years and over	385	170	220	30	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,690	2,325	2,365	680	355	325
Americas	1,060	470	580	110	45	60
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	55	20	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	40	25	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	55	20	35	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	695	310	385	70	25	45
Other places of birth in Americas	185	100	85	10	10	0
Europe	3,005	1,570	1,435	495	270	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	30	15	10	0	0	0
France	1,250	710	540	10	0	0
Germany	240	110	135	60	35	30
Greece	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Italy	100	55	40	15	10	0
Netherlands	55	15	40	15	10	10
Poland	110	40	75	20	10	10
Portugal	35	15	15	10	0	10
Romania	50	15	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	15	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	300	155	145	275	160	115
Other places of birth in Europe	730	375	350	55	30	25
Africa	240	125	115	15	0	0
Algeria	40	20	15	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	40	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	50	70	0	0	0
Asia	375	145	230	45	25	25
Afghanistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	20	70	20	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	10	0	10
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	30	50	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	0	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	400	175	230	10	0	10
Americas	115	60	55	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	35	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	195	90	110	0	0	0
France	150	65	80	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	25	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	50	10	40	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,290	2,625	2,660	725	390	335
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,705	2,805	2,895	1,380	655	725
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	89,395	44,580	44,810	6,860	3,155	3,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,450	1,220	1,230	225	115	110
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,315	755	565	85	40	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	740	515	225	35	30	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	575	240	335	50	10	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	965	385	575	125	65	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	155	70	80	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,535	755	785	345	200	145
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,430	720	705	330	190	140
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	730	365	365	225	125	95
Métis	695	360	335	110	65	45
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	20	50	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,850	49,260	49,585	8,615	3,995	4,625
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,385	50,010	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	315	170	150	135	75	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	100,070	49,850	50,220	8,830	4,120	4,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,390	50,015	50,370	8,965	4,195	4,770
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,075	490	585	50	15	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,065	485	570	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	870	380	490	35	10	20
Métis single ancestry	190	105	85	20	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,630	1,875	1,755	450	225	230
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,605	1,860	1,740	440	215	225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,085	1,580	1,505	330	165	170
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	510	270	235	110	50	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	15	20	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	95,680	47,650	48,030	8,465	3,960	4,510
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,205	600	610	200	110	90
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	75	45	35	25	10	10
Chinese	175	45	130	35	10	20
Black	300	170	125	90	55	30
Filipino	70	35	35	10	10	10
Latin American	260	125	140	10	10	0
Arab	110	80	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	55	30	20	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	25	35	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	10	25	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	99,180	49,415	49,765	8,765	4,085	4,680
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,385	50,015	50,375	8,965	4,195	4,770
North American Aboriginal origins	4,705	2,370	2,340	500	240	265
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,995	1,975	2,015	370	180	195
Inuit	25	20	0	0	0	0
Métis	740	390	350	135	60	70
Other North American origins	72,015	35,800	36,215	3,060	1,445	1,620
Acadian	440	245	195	0	0	0
American	1,030	510	520	110	40	65
Canadian	69,570	34,565	35,005	2,980	1,410	1,570
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	15	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,020	1,005	1,020	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	30	20	10	0	0	0
European origins	43,425	21,630	21,800	7,375	3,410	3,965
British Isles origins	14,770	7,015	7,755	6,180	2,840	3,335
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,210	2,900	3,310	3,990	1,825	2,165
Irish	7,635	3,500	4,135	2,400	1,115	1,285
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	3,920	1,930	1,990	2,880	1,225	1,655
Welsh	440	200	235	225	100	125
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	615	300	310	230	105	120
French origins	28,315	14,290	14,025	1,050	525	525
Alsatian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Breton	110	55	50	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	28,245	14,250	13,990	1,050	525	525
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,355	2,665	2,690	1,655	740	915
Austrian	160	85	75	40	20	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,360	660	705	35	20	15
Dutch	835	420	415	485	220	270
Flemish	65	15	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,520	1,265	1,260	1,135	500	635
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	860	465	390	60	30	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	380	185	195	290	95	195
Danish	105	60	50	60	10	50
Finnish	70	25	45	60	10	45
Icelandic	15	10	10	15	0	15
Norwegian	80	45	35	70	35	30
Swedish	130	60	70	65	35	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	45	10	40
Eastern European origins	1,650	780	865	815	350	465
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	80	35	50	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	10	25	35	15	20
Estonian	10	10	10	10	10	10
Hungarian	190	100	90	85	35	50
Latvian	10	0	0	10	0	15
Lithuanian	65	25	50	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	665	305	360	285	150	135
Romanian	165	75	85	15	0	10
Russian	235	110	120	75	15	60
Slovak	65	40	30	15	10	10
Ukrainian	325	150	175	355	170	185
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins	3,290	1,645	1,645	500	235	265
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	35	15	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	205	105	100	20	0	10
Italian	2,165	1,090	1,075	300	145	160
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maltese	40	25	20	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	335	145	190	80	35	45
Serbian	35	15	20	15	10	10
Sicilian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	10	10	0	0
Spanish	555	280	275	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	0	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	205	105	100	25	20	10
Basque	60	30	30	0	0	0
Jewish	45	25	25	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	95	50	45	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	215	120	95	80	45	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	10	0	10
Dominican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	95	55	45	0	0	10
Jamaican	30	20	10	65	40	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	480	235	250	35	15	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	15	10	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	95	40	55	0	0	0
Colombian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	110	50	55	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	10	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	15	10	0	0	0
African origins	450	240	210	75	25	50
Central and West African origins	65	35	35	15	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	260	150	110	0	0	0
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	55	45	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	110	70	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	25	25	35	0	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	15	20	0	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	30	10	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	75	35	40	25	15	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	35	35	25	20	10
Asian origins	895	390	505	135	65	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	470	235	235	50	25	25
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	20	10	0	0	10
Armenian	100	40	65	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	15	15	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	200	85	120	20	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	45	20	20	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	20	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	65	30	35	20	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	65	30	35	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	360	120	240	65	25	35
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese	185	50	135	45	20	25
Filipino	60	20	40	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	35	15	25	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	15	10	0	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	20	10	25	10	10
Australian	20	15	0	10	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	46,575	...	...	4,060	...	...
Owner	33,025	...	...	2,815	...	...
Renter	13,550	...	...	1,245	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	46,575	...	...	4,060	...	...
Condominium	3,390	...	...	445	...	...
Not condominium	43,185	...	...	3,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,990	...	...	580	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,790	...	...	1,025	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,310	...	...	1,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,405	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	46,575	...	...	4,060	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,495	...	...	990	...	...
5 rooms	8,825	...	...	550	...	...
6 rooms	6,665	...	...	605	...	...
7 rooms	6,340	...	...	620	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,250	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
One person or fewer per room	46,430	...	...	4,035	...	...
More than 1 person per room	145	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
Suitable	45,700	...	...	3,950	...	...
Not suitable	875	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	46,580	...	...	4,065	...	...
1960 or before	11,730	...	...	890	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,550	...	...	1,080	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,415	...	...	850	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,595	...	...	440	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,345	...	...	255	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,255	...	...	350	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,685	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	46,580	...	...	4,065	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,320	...	...	3,800	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,255	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
1 household maintainer	29,070	...	...	2,415	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,180	...	...	1,580	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	325	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	46,580	...	...	4,060	...	...
15 to 24 years	990	...	...	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,670	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,240	...	...	430	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,620	...	...	680	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,970	...	...	810	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,820	...	...	730	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,115	...	...	610	...	...
85 years and over	1,150	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,800	...	...	4,055	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	37,340	...	...	2,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,455	...	...	1,215	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,630	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,370	...	...	2,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.9	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.5	...	...	20.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	827	...	...	1,059	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	948	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,419	...	...	285,093	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,952	...	...	316,522	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,490	...	...	1,245	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.4	...	...	22.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.4	...	...	52.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	629	...	...	968	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	679	...	...	1,049	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	85,200	42,215	42,985	7,690	3,580	4,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,345	9,880	8,465	1,295	685	615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,425	9,600	10,825	2,480	1,065	1,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,430	22,740	23,690	3,915	1,835	2,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,145	9,165	5,980	575	420	155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,855	5,770	5,080	240	145	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,290	3,395	895	335	270	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,585	5,630	7,955	1,835	705	1,130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,240	1,270	1,970	130	55	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,465	6,680	7,785	1,370	650	720
Bachelor's degree	9,160	3,905	5,255	985	460	520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,280	605	675	90	45	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	520	315	210	30	25	10
Master's degree	2,915	1,480	1,430	235	100	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	590	370	215	40	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	52,765	26,035	26,725	4,445	2,170	2,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,205	4,785	3,425	470	305	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,130	5,855	6,275	1,385	640	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,425	15,395	17,030	2,595	1,215	1,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,385	6,690	4,685	345	270	75
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,255	4,220	4,035	135	105	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,125	2,470	655	205	165	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,235	3,855	5,380	1,250	505	740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,835	705	1,130	55	40	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,975	4,140	5,830	945	405	540
Bachelor's degree	6,680	2,710	3,970	690	305	385
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	685	230	455	65	20	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	135	170	15	10	10
Master's degree	1,940	855	1,090	160	60	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	360	220	145	25	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	85,200	42,215	42,980	7,685	3,580	4,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,765	19,475	19,290	3,775	1,745	2,030
Education	3,645	945	2,705	275	85	190
13. Education	3,645	940	2,710	275	85	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,840	805	1,035	125	55	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	250	215	45	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,585	590	995	90	25	65
Humanities	2,670	1,030	1,635	225	90	135
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	340	60	275	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	135	45	90	50	10	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,360	525	840	65	30	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	40	10	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	70	40	15	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	130	50	40	25	15
54. History	150	80	65	30	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	355	110	245	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,995	1,300	2,700	600	215	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	605	180	430	40	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	815	95	725	145	0	135
22. Legal professions and studies	765	315	450	100	25	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	10	100	10	0	10
42. Psychology	665	160	510	75	25	50
45. Social sciences	1,000	540	465	230	135	95
Business, management and public administration	10,145	3,515	6,635	735	250	475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	515	125	395	90	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,625	3,385	6,240	640	225	415
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,270	770	500	105	55	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	395	200	195	55	15	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	245	165	80	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	185	80	105	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	360	285	75	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	35	45	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,160	715	450	55	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	935	625	310	35	30	10
25. Library science	105	15	90	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	60	50	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,195	9,490	700	675	655	20
04. Architecture and related services	375	255	125	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,230	1,115	120	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,885	1,695	190	150	135	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,390	2,335	60	235	235	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,355	2,280	70	165	160	10
48. Precision production	1,955	1,815	145	50	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,575	1,055	515	140	110	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,150	775	380	45	35	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	425	285	140	90	80	15
Health and related fields	6,070	1,190	4,880	725	160	565
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	510	270	235	95	60	30
51. Health professions and related programs	5,415	845	4,575	615	90	530
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	75	65	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,840	1,930	1,910	265	125	140
12. Personal and culinary services	2,235	570	1,660	125	35	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	705	555	145	120	70	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	885	790	95	20	20	0
Other	25	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	52,765	26,040	26,730	4,445	2,165	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,345	10,640	9,700	1,860	950	910
Education	2,025	450	1,580	175	50	120
13. Education	2,025	445	1,580	170	55	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,270	535	735	75	30	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	160	40	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,070	375	695	55	15	45
Humanities	1,500	580	920	155	60	90
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	210	35	175	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	70	15	55	35	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	810	355	455	45	25	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	30	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	45	25	35	20	10
54. History	80	45	35	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	180	40	135	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,865	785	2,080	425	155	265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	480	150	330	25	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	645	45	600	110	10	100
22. Legal professions and studies	510	160	355	95	30	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	10	60	10	10	0
42. Psychology	470	105	370	45	10	30
45. Social sciences	670	320	355	135	95	45
Business, management and public administration	7,350	2,255	5,100	440	145	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	375	80	295	65	15	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,970	2,165	4,810	385	130	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	730	415	315	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	140	140	45	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	75	40	25	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	55	20	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	220	155	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	955	585	365	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	805	530	275	30	25	10
25. Library science	65	15	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	35	40	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,445	6,840	605	445	430	15
04. Architecture and related services	295	175	115	10	0	10
14. Engineering	870	750	115	40	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,415	1,280	135	90	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,660	1,615	45	150	155	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,740	1,680	60	120	115	10
48. Precision production	1,470	1,340	135	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,190	760	430	105	80	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	850	545	305	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	215	125	70	55	15
Health and related fields	4,085	735	3,350	460	100	360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	375	190	185	65	35	30
51. Health professions and related programs	3,630	520	3,110	390	60	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	25	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,995	1,465	1,530	205	100	105
12. Personal and culinary services	1,730	420	1,310	100	35	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	540	400	135	85	50	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	725	645	80	15	15	0
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	85,195	42,215	42,980	7,685	3,580	4,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,765	19,480	19,290	3,775	1,745	2,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	46,430	22,740	23,690	3,915	1,835	2,075
Location of study inside Canada	44,290	21,490	22,795	3,640	1,685	1,950
Same as province or territory of residence	42,760	20,610	22,155	3,480	1,610	1,865
Different than province or territory of residence	1,525	880	645	160	75	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,145	1,245	895	275	150	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	255	190	80	40	40
Philippines	20	0	20	0	10	0
India	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	190	115	80	85	60	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	0	25	0	0	0
France	730	480	250	0	0	0
Other	710	380	325	105	45	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	52,765	26,035	26,725	4,450	2,165	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,340	10,640	9,705	1,855	950	905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,420	15,395	17,030	2,590	1,220	1,375
Location of study inside Canada	31,225	14,760	16,465	2,430	1,140	1,290
Same as province or territory of residence	30,330	14,285	16,050	2,310	1,080	1,235
Different than province or territory of residence	895	480	415	115	60	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,195	635	560	160	75	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	225	115	110	55	25	30
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	55	40	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	20	0	0	0
France	470	285	185	10	0	0
Other	360	170	190	60	20	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	85,200	42,215	42,985	7,685	3,580	4,110
In the labour force	50,730	26,615	24,110	4,680	2,310	2,375
Employed	47,660	24,805	22,855	4,325	2,120	2,205
Unemployed	3,070	1,810	1,260	355	190	165
Not in the labour force	34,465	15,600	18,870	3,005	1,265	1,740
Participation rate	59.5	63.0	56.1	60.9	64.5	57.8
Employment rate	55.9	58.8	53.2	56.3	59.2	53.6
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.8	5.2	7.6	8.2	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	85,200	42,215	42,980	7,685	3,575	4,110
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,565	13,995	17,570	2,680	1,100	1,580
Worked	53,635	28,220	25,415	5,010	2,480	2,530
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,120	13,595	10,525	2,560	1,405	1,150
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,510	14,625	14,880	2,455	1,080	1,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.3	42.1	42.0	42.5	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	50,730	26,615	24,115	4,680	2,305	2,375
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	440	425	90	25	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	49,865	26,180	23,685	4,590	2,280	2,305
Employee	41,050	20,950	20,095	4,070	1,940	2,130
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	8,820	5,230	3,590	520	345	175
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	50,730	26,620	24,110	4,685	2,305	2,370
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	435	430	90	25	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	49,870	26,180	23,685	4,590	2,285	2,310
0 Management occupations	5,970	3,835	2,135	535	320	210
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,460	1,755	4,700	540	165	375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,505	1,805	695	200	170	30
3 Health occupations	3,295	565	2,735	360	60	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,270	1,525	3,740	570	165	400
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,565	755	810	115	30	85
6 Sales and service occupations	11,455	4,715	6,740	1,270	480	795
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,000	7,500	505	820	760	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,615	1,255	360	90	70	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,725	2,460	1,265	90	65	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	50,730	26,615	24,115	4,680	2,310	2,375
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	440	430	90	25	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	49,865	26,180	23,685	4,590	2,285	2,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,470	1,660	810	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	105	15	10	0	10
22 Utilities	140	115	20	35	35	0
23 Construction	3,465	3,040	425	610	550	60
31-33 Manufacturing	8,000	5,615	2,380	185	145	40
41 Wholesale trade	1,665	1,050	620	95	65	30
44-45 Retail trade	6,245	2,895	3,350	740	285	450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,985	1,475	510	170	115	60
51 Information and cultural industries	670	335	335	95	40	55
52 Finance and insurance	1,195	420	775	90	35	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	635	350	285	125	75	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,915	1,505	1,410	180	75	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,065	1,220	840	235	160	70
61 Educational services	3,165	1,015	2,145	300	70	230
62 Health care and social assistance	5,690	885	4,805	590	90	495
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,390	770	620	145	90	55
72 Accommodation and food services	3,425	1,335	2,090	445	170	270
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,455	1,195	1,260	135	65	75
91 Public administration	2,145	1,165	980	405	200	205
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	47,660	24,810	22,855	4,325	2,125	2,205
Worked at home	4,990	2,500	2,490	275	140	130
Worked outside Canada	190	125	65	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,635	3,440	1,190	655	470	190
Worked at usual place	37,850	18,740	19,105	3,385	1,505	1,880
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,850	18,740	19,110	3,385	1,510	1,880
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,875	6,470	7,405	2,330	945	1,385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,305	4,370	4,930	775	400	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,575	7,855	6,725	260	160	100
Commute to a different province or territory	95	45	50	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,475	22,180	20,295	4,040	1,975	2,065
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,080	19,665	17,410	3,245	1,630	1,615
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,635	740	895	380	150	230
Public transit	380	170	210	10	0	10
Walked	2,575	1,125	1,445	340	130	205
Bicycle	335	225	110	30	30	0
Other method	480	260	220	45	30	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,475	22,180	20,300	4,045	1,975	2,065
Less than 15 minutes	16,380	7,975	8,405	2,130	870	1,265
15 to 29 minutes	13,290	6,790	6,500	980	505	475
30 to 44 minutes	7,350	4,030	3,320	585	360	230
45 to 59 minutes	2,305	1,310	995	180	125	55
60 minutes and over	3,155	2,075	1,080	160	115	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,480	22,180	20,295	4,040	1,980	2,070
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,755	1,925	830	200	145	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,840	5,935	2,900	570	370	200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,340	6,495	6,845	1,215	650	565
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,445	2,850	4,595	1,095	405	690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,595	1,270	2,325	395	165	230
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,510	3,710	2,800	570	245	325
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	55,080	28,890	26,190	5,135	2,550	2,585
Single responses	51,645	27,245	24,405	5,115	2,540	2,570
Official languages	51,550	27,185	24,365	5,105	2,535	2,575
English	5,510	3,080	2,430	5,095	2,535	2,565
French	46,040	24,105	21,935	10	0	10
Non-official languages	95	55	35	0	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	60	35	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	55	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	20	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	25	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,435	1,645	1,790	20	10	15
English and French	3,360	1,600	1,765	15	10	10
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	55,080	28,890	26,195	5,130	2,550	2,585
None	34,795	18,290	16,505	5,050	2,525	2,525
English	16,685	8,625	8,055	10	0	0
French	3,275	1,815	1,460	45	0	35
Non-official language	155	75	80	35	15	20
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	70	85	25	0	15
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	130	60	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,505	49,615	49,890	8,870	4,135	4,735
Non-movers	87,975	44,020	43,960	7,680	3,610	4,070
Movers	11,525	5,590	5,930	1,190	525	665
Non-migrants	5,380	2,660	2,715	575	255	325
Migrants	6,145	2,935	3,210	610	275	335
Internal migrants	5,920	2,805	3,115	590	270	325
Intraprovincial migrants	5,765	2,740	3,025	565	240	325
Interprovincial migrants	150	65	90	30	25	0
External migrants	225	130	95	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	95,650	47,615	48,035	8,565	3,985	4,580
Non-movers	61,675	31,075	30,595	5,250	2,445	2,810
Movers	33,975	16,535	17,440	3,320	1,545	1,775
Non-migrants	14,255	6,965	7,295	1,840	880	965
Migrants	19,720	9,575	10,150	1,480	665	815
Internal migrants	19,130	9,275	9,860	1,445	650	795
Intraprovincial migrants	18,655	9,040	9,620	1,380	605	775
Interprovincial migrants	470	240	235	65	45	15
External migrants	585	300	290	35	15	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome--Missisquoi [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario