Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bulkley-Nechako F, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Châteauguay--Lacolle Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Bulkley-Nechako F, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Bulkley-Nechako F, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	97,887	...	...	3,665	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	92,169	...	...	3,702	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	-1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	39,798	...	...	1,902	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	38,514	...	...	1,379	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	108.1	...	...	0.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	905.92	...	...	5,396.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	97,885	48,570	49,320	3,665	1,910	1,755
0 to 14 years	17,800	9,170	8,630	795	420	370
0 to 4 years	5,890	3,025	2,870	260	145	115
5 to 9 years	6,210	3,205	3,005	265	130	130
10 to 14 years	5,700	2,945	2,755	270	145	125
15 to 64 years	63,835	31,940	31,895	2,375	1,205	1,165
15 to 19 years	5,750	3,000	2,750	255	130	120
20 to 24 years	6,015	3,130	2,890	155	80	80
25 to 29 years	5,465	2,700	2,765	200	105	100
30 to 34 years	5,870	2,955	2,915	185	85	100
35 to 39 years	6,640	3,260	3,385	190	95	100
40 to 44 years	6,110	3,025	3,080	215	115	100
45 to 49 years	6,425	3,195	3,225	195	85	105
50 to 54 years	7,770	3,930	3,845	325	170	160
55 to 59 years	7,585	3,690	3,895	360	190	170
60 to 64 years	6,200	3,050	3,150	300	160	140
65 years and over	16,250	7,455	8,795	495	280	220
65 to 69 years	5,190	2,545	2,645	190	105	85
70 to 74 years	4,155	1,995	2,160	160	90	70
75 to 79 years	2,990	1,330	1,665	75	45	25
80 to 84 years	2,105	925	1,175	45	25	15
85 years and over	1,815	655	1,155	35	15	20
85 to 89 years	1,200	485	710	30	10	15
90 to 94 years	490	155	340	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	110	20	85	5	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.2	18.9	17.5	21.7	22.0	21.1
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.8	64.7	64.8	63.1	66.4
65 years and over	16.6	15.3	17.8	13.5	14.7	12.5
85 years and over	1.9	1.3	2.3	1.0	0.8	1.1
Average age of the population	40.6	39.7	41.5	39.2	39.5	38.8
Median age of the population	41.1	40.1	42.2	41.3	41.8	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
Single-detached house	26,525	...	...	1,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	180	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	11,495	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,185	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	735	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,015	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	310	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
1 person	9,520	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	13,650	...	...	590	...	...
3 persons	6,330	...	...	175	...	...
4 persons	5,865	...	...	185	...	...
5 or more persons	3,155	...	...	165	...	...
Number of persons in private households	96,520	...	...	3,650	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	80,085	39,400	40,690	2,875	1,490	1,385
Married or living common law	48,245	24,155	24,090	2,040	1,015	1,020
Married	29,715	14,895	14,820	1,755	875	875
Living common law	18,530	9,260	9,270	280	140	145
Not married and not living common law	31,840	15,245	16,595	835	475	360
Never married	21,475	11,785	9,685	555	330	230
Separated	1,085	500	585	70	35	30
Divorced	4,880	1,980	2,905	110	70	40
Widowed	4,395	975	3,420	95	35	60
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,485	...	...	1,105	...	...
2 persons	14,060	...	...	610	...	...
3 persons	6,215	...	...	170	...	...
4 persons	5,685	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	2,525	...	...	140	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,480	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total couple families	23,745	...	...	1,010	...	...
Married couples	14,490	...	...	870	...	...
Common-law couples	9,255	...	...	145	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,740	...	...	90	...	...
Female parent	3,525	...	...	65	...	...
Male parent	1,210	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,745	...	...	1,005	...	...
Couples without children	11,295	...	...	565	...	...
Couples with children	12,450	...	...	445	...	...
1 child	4,765	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	5,285	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	2,405	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,735	...	...	95	...	...
1 child	2,765	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	1,450	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	520	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,575	6,615	6,960	400	255	150
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	38,510	...	...	1,375	...	...
One-census-family households	27,505	...	...	1,065	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,925	...	...	545	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,580	...	...	520	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	480	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,525	...	...	300	...	...
One-person households	9,520	...	...	270	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,010	...	...	30	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	97,415	48,400	49,020	3,660	1,910	1,755
English only	6,245	3,015	3,235	3,510	1,840	1,670
French only	42,135	19,810	22,325	0	0	0
English and French	48,545	25,320	23,220	150	70	80
Neither English nor French	495	260	235	0	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	97,420	48,400	49,015	3,665	1,910	1,755
English	17,095	8,395	8,700	3,610	1,885	1,730
French	77,215	38,360	38,855	45	25	20
English and French	2,635	1,400	1,240	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	475	250	230	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	18,410	9,095	9,315	45	25	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	18.9	18.8	19.0	1.2	1.3	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	97,415	48,400	49,020	3,665	1,910	1,750
Single responses	95,215	47,295	47,920	3,645	1,900	1,740
Official languages	87,305	43,315	43,995	3,385	1,775	1,615
English	14,370	7,010	7,365	3,340	1,750	1,590
French	72,935	36,310	36,620	45	25	20
Non-official languages	7,910	3,980	3,935	255	130	125
Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,885	3,970	3,915	255	130	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	900	480	420	0	0	0
Berber languages	180	90	80	0	0	0
Kabyle	85	45	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	95	50	40	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	720	390	335	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	695	375	320	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	70	75	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	40	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	40	75	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	25	55	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	270	130	140	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	245	115	125	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,450	2,760	2,685	220	115	105
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,445	690	760	15	5	10
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,440	690	750	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	65	55	0	0	0
Croatian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	280	135	155	5	0	5
Russian	845	400	445	5	5	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	5	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	45	50	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	330	160	170	185	95	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	5
Danish	10	5	10	5	0	0
Dutch	55	25	30	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	245	125	120	155	90	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	155	90	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	430	220	210	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	135	130	0	0	0
Bengali	130	65	65	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	165	85	80	5	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	75	65	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,065	1,585	1,480	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	615	345	270	5	0	0
Portuguese	260	130	130	5	0	0
Romanian	540	270	275	0	0	0
Spanish	1,645	840	800	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	390	185	205	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	25	5	15	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	35	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	20	30	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	165	165	5	5	5
Chinese languages	330	170	165	5	5	5
Cantonese	90	50	45	5	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	105	105	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	120	50	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	50	20	25	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	35	40	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	5	5	0
Hungarian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,205	1,105	1,095	15	10	10
English and French	1,285	640	645	5	0	5
English and non-official language	225	110	115	10	5	5
French and non-official language	535	270	260	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	160	80	75	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	97,415	48,400	49,020	3,665	1,910	1,755
Single responses	94,170	46,810	47,365	3,635	1,890	1,745
Official languages	90,005	44,725	45,280	3,575	1,860	1,710
English	16,040	7,885	8,150	3,570	1,860	1,710
French	73,965	36,840	37,125	5	0	5
Non-official languages	4,170	2,090	2,085	60	35	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,170	2,085	2,085	60	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	165	185	0	0	0
Berber languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kabyle	45	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	130	150	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	270	125	145	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	95	45	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,135	1,580	1,555	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,055	520	535	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,055	520	535	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	85	50	40	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	140	65	75	5	5	0
Russian	730	360	375	5	0	5
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	40	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	120	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Bengali	85	40	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,735	895	840	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	50	55	0	0	0
Romanian	405	205	195	0	0	0
Spanish	1,100	575	520	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	140	130	5	0	5
Chinese languages	270	140	125	0	5	5
Cantonese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	95	95	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	15	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,245	1,590	1,655	30	15	10
English and French	1,385	680	705	0	0	5
English and non-official language	445	215	235	25	15	10
French and non-official language	1,070	510	560	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	345	185	155	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	97,420	48,400	49,015	3,665	1,910	1,755
None	83,615	41,530	42,085	3,510	1,840	1,670
English	6,280	3,125	3,150	40	20	20
French	4,410	2,190	2,215	30	10	20
Non-official language	2,280	1,125	1,155	85	40	45
Aboriginal	15	5	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,270	1,125	1,140	80	40	45
English and French	350	195	155	0	0	0
English and non-official language	235	110	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	235	115	120	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	78,740	38,880	39,855	2,865	1,485	1,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,725	37,415	38,305	2,740	1,445	1,290
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,435	39,836	29,071	33,552	51,755	22,997
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,745	37,420	38,320	2,740	1,450	1,290
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,620	34,574	26,532	30,576	44,672	22,101
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,920	34,450	33,465	2,475	1,360	1,115
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,776	37,247	24,791	32,203	50,496	20,096
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,415	26,170	31,245	1,815	860	960
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,537	5,830	8,539	6,992	8,016	6,461
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,080	29,195	26,885	2,175	1,220	950
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,068	38,429	27,847	31,616	50,603	19,584
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	78,710	38,860	39,850	2,825	1,460	1,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,675	37,435	38,240	2,720	1,430	1,290
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,023	45,747	34,420	44,139	54,387	32,737
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,690	37,435	38,255	2,720	1,435	1,285
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,430	37,407	29,537	37,319	45,054	28,713
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,925	34,400	33,525	2,445	1,340	1,100
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,180	43,786	30,401	42,968	52,462	31,414
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,415	26,145	31,265	1,875	875	1,010
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,767	7,885	9,505	8,032	8,665	7,483
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,990	29,350	26,640	2,135	1,190	945
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,830	42,705	32,459	41,903	52,163	29,020
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	78,710	38,865	39,845	2,830	1,460	1,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,895	14,395	11,500	815	530	280
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,677	52,185	41,261	57,891	70,840	37,549
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,084	57,173	45,714	59,983	67,412	45,904
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	88.0	77.6	87.7	90.9	80.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.2	66.1	75.8	79.8	65.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.0	22.4	12.3	9.2	19.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	78,740	38,880	39,855	2,865	1,485	1,380
Without total income	3,015	1,465	1,550	125	40	90
With total income	75,720	37,415	38,305	2,740	1,450	1,290
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.2	96.1	95.6	97.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,825	3,845	4,980	435	120	315
$10,000 to $19,999	12,770	4,780	7,990	475	195	280
$20,000 to $29,999	11,710	4,990	6,720	350	150	200
$30,000 to $39,999	10,635	5,185	5,445	305	135	165
$40,000 to $49,999	9,690	4,900	4,790	215	105	110
$50,000 to $59,999	6,955	3,895	3,065	180	110	70
$60,000 to $69,999	4,995	3,025	1,970	160	110	50
$70,000 to $79,999	3,555	2,215	1,340	140	115	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,305	1,470	835	120	95	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,370	950	420	125	110	20
$100,000 and over	2,900	2,160	740	230	200	35
$100,000 to $149,999	2,185	1,625	565	180	155	20
$150,000 and over	715	540	175	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	78,735	38,885	39,855	2,865	1,485	1,380
Without after-tax income	2,995	1,460	1,535	125	40	85
With after-tax income	75,740	37,420	38,320	2,740	1,450	1,290
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.2	96.1	95.6	97.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,200	3,920	5,280	445	125	320
$10,000 to $19,999	13,530	5,145	8,385	485	200	285
$20,000 to $29,999	14,335	6,335	7,990	420	175	240
$30,000 to $39,999	14,050	7,195	6,860	335	160	175
$40,000 to $49,999	10,265	5,610	4,660	245	145	105
$50,000 to $59,999	6,560	4,025	2,535	220	150	75
$60,000 to $69,999	3,735	2,310	1,425	185	155	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,800	1,215	585	170	145	25
$80,000 and over	2,265	1,670	595	230	190	35
$80,000 to $89,999	875	640	240	105	90	20
$90,000 to $99,999	460	345	115	50	50	5
$100,000 and over	930	690	240	70	55	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	78,735	38,885	39,855	2,865	1,485	1,380
Without employment income	22,655	9,680	12,970	690	260	425
With employment income	56,085	29,200	26,885	2,175	1,225	950
Percentage with employment income	71.2	75.1	67.5	75.9	82.5	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,735	3,465	3,260	405	180	225
$5,000 to $9,999	4,115	1,750	2,365	145	55	90
$10,000 to $19,999	8,070	3,405	4,660	285	115	170
$20,000 to $29,999	7,045	3,135	3,910	215	90	125
$30,000 to $39,999	7,395	3,450	3,945	210	95	110
$40,000 to $49,999	6,460	3,335	3,120	140	70	70
$50,000 to $59,999	4,800	2,840	1,960	125	70	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,595	2,310	1,290	140	105	40
$70,000 to $79,999	2,915	1,875	1,045	110	90	20
$80,000 and over	4,955	3,630	1,320	395	350	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,720	1,195	525	110	95	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,075	775	300	105	90	15
$100,000 and over	2,155	1,660	495	185	165	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	38,510	...	...	1,380	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,567	...	...	81,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,235	...	...	69,274	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,520	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,384	...	...	33,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,088	...	...	30,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,995	...	...	1,115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,741	...	...	91,051	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,674	...	...	78,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,520	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,635	...	...	87,058	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,694	...	...	73,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,490	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,751	...	...	40,492	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,702	...	...	34,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,025	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,675	...	...	97,030	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,482	...	...	82,029	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	38,515	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	840	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,310	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,710	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,395	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,760	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,835	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,825	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,850	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,305	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,230	...	...	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,925	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,800	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,420	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,660	...	...	495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,660	...	...	195	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,685	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,245	...	...	100	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,075	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,515	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	320	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	360	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	855	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,400	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,915	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,725	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,185	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,235	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,230	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,155	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,190	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,880	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,460	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,905	...	...	120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,400	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,305	...	...	335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,530	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,550	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,230	...	...	85	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,345	...	...	1,095	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,668	...	...	90,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,583	...	...	77,787	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,660	...	...	530	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,675	...	...	82,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,986	...	...	69,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,540	...	...	445	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,185	...	...	106,581	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,669	...	...	90,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,385	...	...	61,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,072	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,410	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,639	...	...	97,616	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,389	...	...	82,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,620	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,710	...	...	89,738	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	75,546	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,525	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,978	...	...	108,901	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,988	...	...	92,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,520	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,611	...	...	95,374	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,729	...	...	76,037	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,665	5,805	5,865	320	210	120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,608	35,171	26,939	32,981	42,208	24,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,721	30,821	25,201	29,920	37,312	23,744
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,535	5,615	5,920	310	195	115
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,877	39,560	34,332	38,340	46,767	24,021
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,228	32,826	29,712	32,730	38,987	22,098
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	96,520	48,040	48,480	3,650	1,905	1,750
In the bottom half of the distribution	53,630	26,115	27,515	1,895	945	945
In the bottom decile	6,235	3,030	3,205	290	145	140
In the second decile	9,165	4,155	5,015	365	175	190
In the third decile	11,930	5,770	6,155	405	200	210
In the fourth decile	13,500	6,700	6,800	375	195	180
In the fifth decile	12,795	6,460	6,335	455	240	220
In the top half of the distribution	42,890	21,925	20,965	1,760	955	805
In the sixth decile	12,580	6,335	6,240	375	190	180
In the seventh decile	11,345	5,860	5,485	385	205	180
In the eighth decile	9,275	4,750	4,520	370	205	165
In the ninth decile	6,275	3,230	3,045	385	225	160
In the top decile	3,420	1,750	1,665	245	130	120
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	96,520	48,040	48,480	3,650	1,905	1,745
0 to 17 years	21,245	10,970	10,275	940	490	445
0 to 5 years	7,125	3,670	3,455	305	170	140
18 to 64 years	60,040	29,915	30,120	2,215	1,130	1,085
65 years and over	15,235	7,155	8,085	500	280	215
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,115	4,610	5,505	470	230	245
0 to 17 years	2,420	1,265	1,155	135	70	65
0 to 5 years	745	380	365	50	30	20
18 to 64 years	5,545	2,600	2,945	230	105	125
65 years and over	2,150	745	1,410	100	55	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	9.6	11.4	12.9	12.1	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.2	14.4	14.3	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	16.4	17.6	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.7	9.8	10.4	9.3	11.5
65 years and over (%)	14.1	10.4	17.4	20.0	19.6	20.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,405	2,200	2,210	135	75	60
0 to 17 years	1,050	570	475	30	20	15
0 to 5 years	325	175	150	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	3,095	1,520	1,580	90	45	40
65 years and over	260	110	155	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	3.7	3.9	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.2	4.6	3.2	4.1	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.6	4.8	4.3	3.3	5.9	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.1	5.2	4.1	4.0	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	3.0	3.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	96,510	48,040	48,475	3,650	1,920	1,735
Official languages	96,035	47,780	48,255	3,650	1,915	1,735
English	54,495	28,240	26,255	3,655	1,920	1,735
French	89,830	44,805	45,020	165	55	105
Non-official languages	12,240	6,010	6,230	330	170	165
Aboriginal languages	65	40	25	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	45	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	60	45	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,175	5,970	6,210	325	160	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,485	750	740	0	0	0
Berber languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	115	60	55	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,385	705	685	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,290	650	640	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	95	50	40	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	45	135	25	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	30	105	20	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	670	330	340	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	600	290	310	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	50	25	20	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,535	4,245	4,290	275	155	120
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,735	860	875	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,730	855	870	10	10	0
Belarusan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Croatian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	340	155	190	0	0	0
Russian	1,170	570	600	10	0	0
Serbian	35	10	25	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	150	85	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	490	280	210	195	115	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	55	35	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	395	235	165	170	95	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	15	10	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	135	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	695	360	335	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	490	275	215	0	0	0
Bengali	150	75	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	95	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	130	85	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	230	100	135	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	30	15	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	185	80	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,740	2,805	2,930	85	50	40
Catalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	1,220	670	550	15	10	10
Portuguese	365	170	200	0	0	0
Romanian	605	305	295	0	0	0
Spanish	3,815	1,810	2,000	70	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	660	285	375	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	160	70	85	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	30	35	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	110	55	55	0	0	0
Wolof	55	25	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	225	85	140	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	70	55	10	0	10
American Sign Language	40	15	30	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	35	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	430	230	205	10	0	0
Chinese languages	425	230	195	10	0	10
Cantonese	100	55	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	325	165	160	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	120	50	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	45	25	25	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	10	0
Hungarian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	96,510	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,920	1,735
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	94,360	46,955	47,405	3,400	1,805	1,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,955	10,805	10,145	890	475	415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,400	36,150	37,250	2,510	1,330	1,180
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,160	1,085	1,075	255	115	135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	96,515	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,920	1,735
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	86,560	43,085	43,475	3,065	1,630	1,435
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,585	4,710	4,865	545	265	280
Before 1981	2,335	1,180	1,155	340	180	170
1981 to 1990	1,010	510	500	50	25	25
1991 to 2000	1,730	840	890	40	15	20
2001 to 2010	3,415	1,700	1,715	55	15	45
2001 to 2005	1,460	775	685	25	10	20
2006 to 2010	1,950	920	1,030	35	10	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,090	480	610	55	30	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	375	240	130	45	20	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,580	4,715	4,870	545	270	280
Under 5 years	1,005	515	490	80	35	50
5 to 14 years	1,635	815	820	205	110	100
15 to 24 years	1,815	795	1,015	95	35	60
25 to 44 years	4,545	2,305	2,240	145	75	70
45 years and over	580	275	305	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,580	4,710	4,865	545	265	275
Americas	2,855	1,275	1,590	355	180	180
Brazil	70	40	40	0	0	0
Colombia	185	95	90	0	0	0
El Salvador	155	75	80	0	0	0
Guyana	65	40	30	0	0	0
Haiti	320	130	190	0	0	0
Jamaica	255	95	165	0	0	0
Mexico	215	110	105	15	10	10
Peru	120	45	75	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	185	85	100	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	285	105	175	305	150	150
Other places of birth in Americas	990	450	535	40	15	20
Europe	3,250	1,735	1,515	125	65	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	10	0	0	10
France	530	320	215	0	0	0
Germany	155	95	65	20	10	0
Greece	65	35	30	0	0	0
Hungary	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	280	185	100	0	10	0
Netherlands	50	20	25	0	0	0
Poland	215	95	120	0	0	0
Portugal	135	65	75	0	0	0
Romania	360	185	175	0	0	0
Russian Federation	285	140	150	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	225	120	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	215	80	130	50	10	40
Other places of birth in Europe	630	330	295	45	30	10
Africa	2,085	1,050	1,030	15	10	10
Algeria	330	175	155	0	0	0
Egypt	75	50	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	20	0	0	0
Morocco	465	245	220	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	25	35	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	1,120	555	575	10	0	0
Asia	1,385	655	730	40	10	30
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	75	45	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	280	115	165	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	0	0	0	0
India	95	45	55	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	50	60	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	95	55	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	50	20	0	0	0
Philippines	135	35	100	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	50	25	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	390	195	190	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,090	485	605	60	35	30
Americas	310	135	175	20	10	15
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	20	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	55	35	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	105	35	70	25	10	15
Europe	270	125	145	25	15	0
France	60	25	35	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	30	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	25	25	15	10
Africa	345	145	205	0	10	0
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	45	50	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	15	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	45	90	0	10	0
Asia	160	70	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	10	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	35	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	96,515	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,920	1,735
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,115	5,060	5,055	595	300	300
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	9,395	4,775	4,615	760	385	370
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	77,005	38,200	38,805	2,295	1,235	1,065
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,330	3,570	3,760	205	90	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,865	2,005	1,850	135	65	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,720	1,045	680	30	20	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,145	965	1,180	110	40	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,040	845	1,190	65	25	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,300	650	655	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	130	65	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	96,510	48,040	48,475	3,650	1,915	1,735
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,765	895	870	255	115	145
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,680	860	815	250	105	145
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,075	550	520	160	70	90
Métis	585	295	290	90	35	55
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	10	30	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	94,745	47,140	47,605	3,395	1,800	1,590
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	96,515	48,040	48,475	3,650	1,920	1,735
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	835	455	380	95	65	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	95,675	47,580	48,095	3,555	1,855	1,700
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	96,515	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,915	1,735
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	900	440	460	25	20	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	880	430	445	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	715	335	380	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	155	95	65	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,495	1,775	1,720	325	170	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,460	1,750	1,715	330	170	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,055	1,520	1,535	240	125	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	380	210	175	75	35	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	10	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	30	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	92,110	45,820	46,290	3,305	1,725	1,575
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	96,510	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,920	1,735
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	9,870	4,910	4,950	105	50	55
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	845	490	355	0	10	10
Chinese	565	285	280	10	10	0
Black	4,500	2,210	2,290	0	0	0
Filipino	200	80	120	30	15	15
Latin American	1,555	805	755	25	10	15
Arab	1,295	670	625	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	210	80	125	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	195	70	125	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	10	0	0
Japanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	150	60	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	315	150	165	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	86,645	43,125	43,520	3,545	1,870	1,680
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	96,515	48,040	48,475	3,655	1,920	1,735
North American Aboriginal origins	4,400	2,220	2,185	350	190	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,825	1,885	1,935	255	140	115
Inuit	55	30	25	25	15	10
Métis	580	335	245	75	35	35
Other North American origins	62,050	30,685	31,365	1,395	710	690
Acadian	495	240	255	0	0	0
American	560	270	290	340	150	190
Canadian	59,410	29,340	30,065	1,170	610	565
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Québécois	2,545	1,325	1,215	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	39,505	19,755	19,745	2,845	1,490	1,355
British Isles origins	14,495	6,975	7,525	1,795	910	885
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,235	2,580	2,660	1,205	605	600
Irish	8,475	4,075	4,405	620	325	295
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,320	2,025	2,295	775	375	405
Welsh	250	120	130	200	95	105
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	715	290	425	50	20	30
French origins	21,400	10,815	10,580	335	165	170
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	150	70	80	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	21,290	10,770	10,520	330	170	165
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,695	1,885	1,810	1,110	590	520
Austrian	210	145	60	30	20	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	630	310	320	35	15	20
Dutch	490	265	230	325	170	155
Flemish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	2,225	1,100	1,120	720	365	355
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	315	165	150	110	70	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	370	180	190	575	290	285
Danish	65	45	20	100	60	40
Finnish	60	30	30	30	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	85	25	60
Norwegian	95	20	75	255	150	110
Swedish	90	45	45	250	125	125
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	35	45	10	10	10
Eastern European origins	3,780	1,975	1,800	475	235	240
Bulgarian	170	100	60	0	0	0
Byelorussian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Czech	55	35	25	20	15	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	15	20	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	285	160	125	70	35	30
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	65	30	35	15	0	10
Moldovan	100	55	50	0	0	0
Polish	1,100	580	525	80	35	45
Romanian	710	350	365	40	20	20
Russian	910	470	440	170	90	75
Slovak	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	870	495	375	205	110	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,300	3,260	3,045	160	80	85
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	500	280	220	0	0	0
Italian	3,870	1,965	1,905	80	50	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	810	385	420	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,195	690	510	70	20	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	10	15	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	345	150	185	50	35	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	250	105	140	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	85	40	40	45	35	10
Caribbean origins	2,900	1,380	1,515	0	0	0
Antiguan	50	15	30	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	405	185	215	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dominican	125	50	75	0	0	0
Grenadian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	820	370	450	0	0	0
Jamaican	695	340	350	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	30	10	25	0	0	0
St. Lucian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	290	115	175	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	280	135	145	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	240	125	110	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,185	1,145	1,035	65	25	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Arawak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chilean	95	50	45	0	0	0
Colombian	245	130	110	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	320	170	155	0	0	0
Guyanese	80	55	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	65	30	35	0	0	0
Maya	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mexican	465	245	215	65	20	40
Nicaraguan	70	50	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	290	145	150	0	0	0
Salvadorean	235	115	115	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	20	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	115	50	65	0	0	0
African origins	3,415	1,770	1,640	20	10	10
Central and West African origins	1,000	530	465	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	280	160	120	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Congolese	275	130	145	0	0	0
Edo	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	95	60	30	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	80	30	50	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	70	35	35	0	0	0
North African origins	1,400	760	645	0	0	0
Algerian	395	220	170	0	0	0
Berber	145	65	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	135	80	50	0	0	0
Libyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	620	335	290	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	150	75	75	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	440	235	210	20	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	75	35	35	0	0	0
Mauritian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	145	80	60	0	0	0
Seychellois	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	630	285	350	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	145	70	80	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	545	240	310	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,545	1,805	1,735	105	45	65
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,355	715	635	0	0	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	375	190	185	0	0	0
Armenian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	200	95	110	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	85	60	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	40	25	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	310	155	155	0	0	0
Palestinian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turk	120	70	55	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,000	575	425	15	10	15
Bangladeshi	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	640	360	280	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	155	100	55	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,335	610	725	90	40	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	105	40	65	0	0	0
Chinese	810	420	395	40	15	25
Filipino	315	135	185	35	15	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	55	15	45	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	15	0	10	0
Laotian	15	10	0	15	0	10
Malaysian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	30	60	15	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	30	20	10
Australian	20	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
Owner	29,395	...	...	1,220	...	...
Renter	9,120	...	...	155	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,520	...	...	1,375	...	...
Condominium	2,720	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	35,800	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,520	...	...	1,380	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,250	...	...	125	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,215	...	...	290	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,035	...	...	570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,965	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,520	...	...	1,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,470	...	...	185	...	...
5 rooms	6,110	...	...	240	...	...
6 rooms	5,590	...	...	245	...	...
7 rooms	6,190	...	...	210	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,160	...	...	495	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	38,335	...	...	1,350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	180	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
Suitable	37,630	...	...	1,330	...	...
Not suitable	885	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
1960 or before	7,800	...	...	100	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,875	...	...	525	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,975	...	...	275	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,620	...	...	210	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,195	...	...	70	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,995	...	...	85	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,060	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,515	...	...	1,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,285	...	...	1,210	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,235	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,175	...	...	850	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,815	...	...	520	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	530	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,515	...	...	1,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	960	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,045	...	...	195	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,740	...	...	190	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,050	...	...	285	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,850	...	...	365	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,655	...	...	210	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,160	...	...	90	...	...
85 years and over	1,065	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,955	...	...	1,125	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,765	...	...	965	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,195	...	...	155	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,495	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,920	...	...	985	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.3	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.4	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,116	...	...	781	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,124	...	...	856	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	249,862	...	...	250,203	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	264,286	...	...	257,640	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,075	...	...	150	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.6	...	...	31.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	730	...	...	802	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	771	...	...	786	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,710	38,860	39,850	2,830	1,460	1,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,550	9,290	8,260	670	390	280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,685	10,035	10,645	970	465	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,480	19,535	20,945	1,190	605	580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,740	9,450	6,290	375	300	75
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,075	5,800	5,275	140	80	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,665	3,655	1,010	235	220	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,175	5,310	7,860	520	195	325
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,280	900	1,385	45	0	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,285	3,880	5,410	245	105	145
Bachelor's degree	6,615	2,635	3,980	155	65	90
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	980	460	520	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	85	110	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,375	610	760	55	20	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	80	40	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	51,605	25,620	25,990	1,980	1,005	975
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,590	4,505	3,090	405	260	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,590	6,280	6,310	680	295	385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,420	14,835	16,590	900	450	450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,345	7,225	5,120	280	220	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,685	4,380	4,305	95	50	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,655	2,845	815	180	175	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,645	3,820	5,820	415	150	260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,705	665	1,040	30	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,725	3,120	4,610	185	65	110
Bachelor's degree	5,570	2,205	3,360	105	45	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	780	325	455	10	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	60	85	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,145	475	665	50	15	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	55	35	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,710	38,860	39,850	2,830	1,460	1,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,230	19,330	18,905	1,640	850	790
Education	2,845	535	2,310	80	30	50
13. Education	2,850	535	2,310	85	35	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,360	605	750	15	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	180	60	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,115	425	690	15	0	15
Humanities	1,605	620	985	30	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	175	35	145	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	905	370	535	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	60	45	0	10	0
54. History	75	40	30	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	215	50	155	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,235	910	2,320	75	10	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	290	100	195	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,010	55	960	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	500	175	325	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	30	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	375	115	260	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	980	440	545	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,825	2,580	6,245	165	15	150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	360	35	325	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,465	2,540	5,920	170	10	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,075	670	410	25	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	145	145	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	145	65	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	135	70	65	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	315	220	100	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	85	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,350	975	375	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,200	890	305	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	60	35	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,225	9,430	790	410	395	15
04. Architecture and related services	220	100	120	10	10	0
14. Engineering	1,000	780	220	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,885	1,675	210	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,780	2,670	110	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,660	2,585	75	200	200	10
48. Precision production	1,675	1,620	55	90	85	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	875	555	315	120	95	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	775	500	285	50	40	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	60	35	70	50	20
Health and related fields	5,305	740	4,565	195	0	190
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	130	150	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,010	610	4,400	200	10	190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,765	1,905	1,865	55	25	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,985	415	1,575	25	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	790	595	190	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	970	870	95	15	10	10
Other	15	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	51,605	25,620	25,990	1,980	1,005	980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,185	10,785	9,400	1,085	555	530
Education	1,835	300	1,530	60	20	40
13. Education	1,835	305	1,530	60	20	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,045	465	585	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	135	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	865	320	540	15	0	10
Humanities	1,015	390	625	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	135	15	115	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	40	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	535	240	300	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	25	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	15	0	0	0
54. History	45	25	25	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	155	35	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,635	735	1,900	65	10	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	65	150	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	825	30	790	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	425	150	275	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	30	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	310	100	210	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	805	355	450	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	7,205	2,005	5,200	125	10	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	30	270	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,900	1,965	4,940	125	10	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	410	265	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	100	135	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	80	25	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	225	155	70	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	65	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,150	825	325	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,065	790	270	0	0	0
25. Library science	20	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	30	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,895	7,175	720	315	310	10
04. Architecture and related services	200	85	110	10	0	0
14. Engineering	875	675	195	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,490	1,305	190	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,030	1,935	95	45	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,020	1,940	75	145	145	0
48. Precision production	1,285	1,235	50	85	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	660	405	255	90	65	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	590	355	230	40	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	20	50	35	15
Health and related fields	4,270	575	3,695	155	10	145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	95	130	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,040	485	3,555	150	10	145
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,015	1,545	1,475	30	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,560	325	1,230	20	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	615	460	155	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	830	745	90	10	0	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,710	38,860	39,850	2,830	1,460	1,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,235	19,330	18,905	1,640	850	790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,480	19,535	20,945	1,190	605	580
Location of study inside Canada	37,340	17,810	19,530	1,015	540	470
Same as province or territory of residence	36,595	17,370	19,225	825	465	360
Different than province or territory of residence	745	440	300	185	75	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,140	1,720	1,420	180	65	110
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	180	110	70	95	45	50
Philippines	60	20	40	15	0	15
India	20	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	40	40	15	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	120	65	60	0	0	0
France	380	245	135	0	0	0
Other	2,290	1,220	1,075	50	20	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	51,605	25,615	25,990	1,980	1,005	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,180	10,785	9,400	1,080	550	530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,420	14,830	16,585	895	450	450
Location of study inside Canada	28,895	13,530	15,370	805	420	380
Same as province or territory of residence	28,365	13,210	15,155	670	365	310
Different than province or territory of residence	530	315	215	125	60	70
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,525	1,300	1,225	100	25	70
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	140	80	65	40	15	25
Philippines	55	15	40	15	0	15
India	25	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	55	30	20	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	50	55	0	0	0
France	300	185	120	0	0	0
Other	1,845	930	915	30	15	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	78,710	38,860	39,845	2,830	1,460	1,370
In the labour force	51,910	27,025	24,885	1,910	1,080	835
Employed	48,450	25,110	23,340	1,660	890	775
Unemployed	3,465	1,915	1,545	255	185	65
Not in the labour force	26,800	11,835	14,970	915	385	530
Participation rate	66.0	69.5	62.5	67.5	74.0	60.9
Employment rate	61.6	64.6	58.6	58.7	61.0	56.6
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.1	6.2	13.4	17.1	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	78,710	38,865	39,850	2,830	1,460	1,370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,385	10,945	14,445	795	345	445
Worked	53,320	27,920	25,405	2,040	1,115	925
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,420	14,770	11,645	855	550	310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,905	13,150	13,760	1,185	565	615
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.6	43.0	41.4	42.8	39.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	51,910	27,025	24,880	1,915	1,080	840
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,135	555	580	20	0	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,780	26,475	24,305	1,895	1,070	820
Employee	44,855	22,685	22,170	1,380	765	615
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,920	3,785	2,135	515	310	210
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	51,910	27,025	24,885	1,915	1,080	835
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,130	550	575	20	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,780	26,475	24,305	1,895	1,075	825
0 Management occupations	5,205	3,380	1,825	285	185	100
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,540	2,210	6,330	185	20	160
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,530	1,960	565	85	55	30
3 Health occupations	3,495	530	2,960	75	0	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,115	1,160	3,955	140	50	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,170	540	630	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,395	4,895	6,505	325	90	235
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,655	9,115	535	390	355	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,220	905	320	255	180	75
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,450	1,770	680	140	130	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	51,910	27,025	24,885	1,915	1,080	835
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,130	555	575	20	10	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,780	26,475	24,305	1,895	1,070	825
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,950	1,330	620	625	425	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	110	20	25	25	10
22 Utilities	350	275	75	0	0	10
23 Construction	4,025	3,475	550	105	90	15
31-33 Manufacturing	5,400	3,925	1,475	245	220	30
41 Wholesale trade	2,460	1,635	825	45	30	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,340	3,005	3,335	175	45	135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,815	2,825	995	95	70	20
51 Information and cultural industries	1,065	575	485	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,975	580	1,390	20	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	695	380	315	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,500	1,205	1,300	75	25	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,140	1,400	745	20	0	15
61 Educational services	3,255	855	2,400	105	35	70
62 Health care and social assistance	6,435	925	5,510	115	20	95
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	945	470	475	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,670	1,030	1,645	95	20	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,390	1,225	1,165	75	40	35
91 Public administration	2,220	1,250	970	55	20	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	48,450	25,110	23,340	1,660	890	775
Worked at home	3,170	1,585	1,585	475	255	225
Worked outside Canada	130	105	30	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,760	3,755	1,005	155	130	20
Worked at usual place	40,390	19,670	20,720	1,025	505	515
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,385	19,665	20,720	1,020	505	520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,450	4,255	5,195	95	65	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,435	2,795	3,645	840	365	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	24,435	12,580	11,860	85	70	15
Commute to a different province or territory	65	40	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,145	23,420	21,730	1,180	635	540
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,665	20,415	17,250	1,110	575	535
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,610	590	1,015	35	25	10
Public transit	3,710	1,310	2,400	0	0	0
Walked	1,560	750	810	10	10	0
Bicycle	220	170	50	0	0	0
Other method	385	180	200	20	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,145	23,420	21,730	1,180	635	540
Less than 15 minutes	12,000	5,570	6,425	325	185	145
15 to 29 minutes	11,600	5,980	5,620	525	240	285
30 to 44 minutes	10,830	6,035	4,790	165	90	75
45 to 59 minutes	5,670	3,200	2,465	40	20	25
60 minutes and over	5,055	2,635	2,420	115	105	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,145	23,420	21,725	1,175	635	540
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,045	3,800	1,245	130	80	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,065	5,910	4,160	175	140	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,425	5,475	6,955	265	155	105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,760	2,480	4,280	260	65	200
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,560	1,365	2,195	100	15	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,285	4,400	2,890	245	175	65
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	54,695	28,485	26,210	2,140	1,165	975
Single responses	49,195	25,685	23,505	2,145	1,170	975
Official languages	48,980	25,535	23,445	2,140	1,170	975
English	7,075	3,520	3,560	2,135	1,165	970
French	41,895	22,010	19,885	0	0	0
Non-official languages	220	155	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	155	65	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	170	125	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	120	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	140	120	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,505	2,795	2,705	0	0	0
English and French	5,245	2,655	2,590	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	40	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	55	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	105	50	55	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	54,700	28,485	26,215	2,140	1,170	975
None	33,055	17,295	15,760	2,135	1,170	965
English	16,695	8,650	8,040	0	0	0
French	4,190	2,130	2,065	0	0	0
Non-official language	500	305	195	10	0	10
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	480	300	185	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	175	70	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	25	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	95,435	47,505	47,935	3,615	1,885	1,730
Non-movers	86,795	43,290	43,505	3,150	1,635	1,515
Movers	8,640	4,215	4,425	460	250	215
Non-migrants	3,125	1,525	1,595	240	125	115
Migrants	5,515	2,680	2,830	225	125	100
Internal migrants	5,210	2,495	2,720	210	120	85
Intraprovincial migrants	5,110	2,425	2,680	175	100	70
Interprovincial migrants	105	70	30	35	20	15
External migrants	305	190	110	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	90,595	45,070	45,520	3,385	1,750	1,635
Non-movers	62,065	31,020	31,045	2,295	1,190	1,100
Movers	28,530	14,050	14,475	1,090	560	535
Non-migrants	11,540	5,740	5,800	565	290	280
Migrants	16,990	8,310	8,680	525	270	255
Internal migrants	15,905	7,755	8,150	440	230	205
Intraprovincial migrants	15,540	7,560	7,980	360	190	175
Interprovincial migrants	370	195	175	80	45	35
External migrants	1,085	560	525	85	40	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bulkley-Nechako F, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bulkley-Nechako F, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bulkley-Nechako F, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay--Lacolle [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bulkley-Nechako F, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia