Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chicoutimi--Le Fjord Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Division No. 2, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	81,639	...	...	22,825	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	81,501	...	...	22,266	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,419	...	...	10,741	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,628	...	...	9,389	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	32.1	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,545.71	...	...	16,859.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	81,640	40,265	41,375	22,825	11,430	11,395
0 to 14 years	11,490	5,800	5,685	4,545	2,340	2,205
0 to 4 years	3,890	1,950	1,945	1,550	825	730
5 to 9 years	3,930	1,975	1,955	1,555	785	775
10 to 14 years	3,665	1,880	1,790	1,440	735	705
15 to 64 years	52,135	26,475	25,655	14,120	7,190	6,930
15 to 19 years	3,845	1,965	1,890	1,295	650	645
20 to 24 years	5,010	2,585	2,415	1,145	590	555
25 to 29 years	4,640	2,440	2,200	1,480	735	745
30 to 34 years	4,770	2,555	2,220	1,575	770	805
35 to 39 years	4,865	2,550	2,315	1,415	735	680
40 to 44 years	4,285	2,180	2,100	1,310	680	630
45 to 49 years	4,240	2,075	2,170	1,295	670	625
50 to 54 years	6,400	3,150	3,250	1,495	760	730
55 to 59 years	7,355	3,600	3,755	1,630	830	805
60 to 64 years	6,715	3,375	3,345	1,480	770	710
65 years and over	18,020	7,985	10,035	4,160	1,895	2,260
65 to 69 years	5,740	2,830	2,920	1,170	580	585
70 to 74 years	4,410	2,065	2,345	880	440	445
75 to 79 years	3,175	1,400	1,775	710	330	380
80 to 84 years	2,350	955	1,390	630	280	350
85 years and over	2,345	740	1,605	770	275	495
85 to 89 years	1,555	520	1,035	450	190	260
90 to 94 years	660	200	460	235	70	165
95 to 99 years	115	20	95	70	10	65
100 years and over	15	5	15	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	14.4	13.7	19.9	20.5	19.4
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.8	62.0	61.9	62.9	60.8
65 years and over	22.1	19.8	24.3	18.2	16.6	19.8
85 years and over	2.9	1.8	3.9	3.4	2.4	4.3
Average age of the population	44.7	43.4	45.9	40.6	39.8	41.5
Median age of the population	47.3	45.1	49.4	39.8	39.2	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,630	...	...	9,390	...	...
Single-detached house	17,090	...	...	7,395	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,040	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,230	...	...	1,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,840	...	...	200	...	...
Row house	1,030	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,990	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,215	...	...	1,080	...	...
Other single-attached house	160	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	265	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,630	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 person	13,090	...	...	2,705	...	...
2 persons	14,555	...	...	3,500	...	...
3 persons	4,710	...	...	1,225	...	...
4 persons	3,720	...	...	1,135	...	...
5 or more persons	1,555	...	...	820	...	...
Number of persons in private households	79,495	...	...	22,370	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	70,150	34,460	35,690	18,280	9,090	9,190
Married or living common law	41,035	20,510	20,525	11,890	5,970	5,920
Married	23,920	11,975	11,950	10,155	5,100	5,050
Living common law	17,110	8,535	8,580	1,730	865	870
Not married and not living common law	29,120	13,955	15,165	6,390	3,120	3,270
Never married	18,570	10,425	8,145	3,830	2,250	1,580
Separated	885	420	470	375	190	185
Divorced	4,870	2,055	2,810	910	450	460
Widowed	4,795	1,055	3,735	1,270	225	1,050
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,505	...	...	6,510	...	...
2 persons	14,150	...	...	3,480	...	...
3 persons	4,450	...	...	1,175	...	...
4 persons	3,560	...	...	1,110	...	...
5 or more persons	1,345	...	...	735	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,510	...	...	6,505	...	...
Total couple families	20,230	...	...	5,815	...	...
Married couples	11,680	...	...	4,945	...	...
Common-law couples	8,550	...	...	865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,280	...	...	695	...	...
Female parent	2,405	...	...	525	...	...
Male parent	875	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,230	...	...	5,815	...	...
Couples without children	12,050	...	...	3,065	...	...
Couples with children	8,180	...	...	2,745	...	...
1 child	3,500	...	...	980	...	...
2 children	3,370	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 or more children	1,315	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,275	...	...	695	...	...
1 child	2,100	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	955	...	...	200	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,540	8,235	8,310	3,490	1,835	1,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,625	...	...	9,390	...	...
One-census-family households	23,215	...	...	6,385	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,905	...	...	3,025	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,315	...	...	3,355	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	145	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,265	...	...	2,945	...	...
One-person households	13,090	...	...	2,705	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,175	...	...	235	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	80,685	39,900	40,785	22,420	11,290	11,130
English only	185	95	90	21,960	11,085	10,875
French only	61,775	28,670	33,110	5	5	0
English and French	18,685	11,120	7,570	405	175	225
Neither English nor French	30	20	20	50	25	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	80,685	39,900	40,780	22,420	11,290	11,130
English	835	445	390	22,235	11,200	11,035
French	79,645	39,355	40,290	130	60	70
English and French	180	95	90	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	25	10	10	45	25	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	925	490	435	135	65	70
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	80,685	39,900	40,785	22,425	11,295	11,130
Single responses	80,320	39,715	40,605	22,230	11,200	11,025
Official languages	79,490	39,280	40,210	20,775	10,500	10,275
English	750	405	345	20,610	10,425	10,180
French	78,735	38,870	39,870	165	75	95
Non-official languages	830	435	395	1,450	705	745
Aboriginal languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Atikamekw	50	25	25	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	740	395	350	1,450	700	750
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	105	70	20	10	5
Berber languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	90	60	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	95	65	0	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	420	195	230
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	35	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	365	170	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	15	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	10	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	155	160	850	425	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	220	95	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	205	95	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	55	20	30
Russian	10	5	5	35	20	20
Serbian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	105	50	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	415	205	210
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	355	180	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	150	90	65
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	140	80	60
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	5	60	35	30
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	10
Iranian languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	110	110	50	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	145	75	75	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	45	30	20	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	30	45	25	20
Chinese languages	70	35	30	45	25	20
Cantonese	5	0	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	365	185	175	195	90	105
English and French	235	125	110	20	10	10
English and non-official language	10	5	10	170	70	95
French and non-official language	110	55	60	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	80,685	39,900	40,785	22,420	11,290	11,130
Single responses	80,270	39,695	40,570	22,055	11,110	10,945
Official languages	79,960	39,545	40,415	21,350	10,770	10,580
English	630	335	295	21,330	10,760	10,570
French	79,335	39,210	40,120	20	10	10
Non-official languages	305	155	155	700	340	365
Aboriginal languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	135	125	705	340	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	15	10	5
Berber languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	10	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	20	25	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	250	115	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	235	105	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	60	65	350	180	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	70	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	145	80	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	135	75	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	100	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	100	45	50
Bengali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	35	40	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	30	20	20
Chinese languages	40	20	15	35	20	20
Cantonese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	20	15	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	415	200	215	370	185	190
English and French	175	95	85	5	0	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	360	180	180
French and non-official language	195	85	115	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	80,685	39,900	40,780	22,420	11,295	11,130
None	77,560	38,150	39,415	21,575	10,900	10,680
English	2,240	1,315	920	355	165	195
French	390	195	195	60	20	40
Non-official language	420	205	215	415	200	215
Aboriginal	30	15	15	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	385	190	195	415	200	215
English and French	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	20	20	5	0	5
French and non-official language	10	0	10	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	68,050	33,720	34,330	17,830	8,930	8,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,095	32,935	33,155	17,280	8,690	8,590
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,291	40,157	25,124	40,459	50,432	32,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,140	32,940	33,200	17,285	8,690	8,595
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,857	34,906	23,335	36,482	43,535	29,896
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,625	29,895	27,725	16,390	8,370	8,020
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,916	36,356	22,300	37,532	48,145	28,523
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,105	24,585	27,520	11,090	4,715	6,375
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,589	8,405	8,750	6,000	5,980	6,005
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,660	24,930	20,735	13,465	7,155	6,315
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,227	34,688	24,282	35,144	45,077	27,550
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,020	33,710	34,315	17,830	8,925	8,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,075	32,970	33,110	17,280	8,695	8,585
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,803	48,770	32,870	54,140	65,585	42,548
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,115	32,965	33,145	17,280	8,700	8,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,837	39,643	28,061	44,430	52,245	36,516
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,690	30,005	27,685	16,400	8,365	8,030
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,398	46,240	29,898	51,697	63,593	39,298
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,085	24,595	27,490	11,160	4,745	6,415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,232	8,956	9,480	7,884	8,057	7,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,610	24,990	20,620	13,465	7,180	6,290
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,306	43,633	31,851	45,408	55,494	33,890
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,025	33,710	34,310	17,830	8,925	8,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,275	11,070	8,200	6,345	3,930	2,415
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,627	53,021	39,959	55,225	60,993	48,033
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,871	60,987	46,616	63,826	70,907	52,304
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.3	86.4	76.2	90.5	93.4	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.7	67.4	60.7	67.1	72.0	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.7	13.6	23.8	9.5	6.7	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	68,050	33,725	34,330	17,830	8,930	8,905
Without total income	1,960	785	1,170	550	240	310
With total income	66,095	32,935	33,155	17,285	8,690	8,590
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.7	96.6	96.9	97.3	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,605	2,830	4,780	1,915	755	1,165
$10,000 to $19,999	13,075	4,780	8,295	2,295	905	1,395
$20,000 to $29,999	10,290	4,260	6,035	2,335	880	1,455
$30,000 to $39,999	8,990	4,525	4,470	2,005	845	1,165
$40,000 to $49,999	7,795	4,400	3,395	1,950	915	1,035
$50,000 to $59,999	5,425	3,325	2,100	1,560	855	705
$60,000 to $69,999	3,780	2,445	1,335	1,190	715	470
$70,000 to $79,999	2,790	1,680	1,110	980	625	360
$80,000 to $89,999	1,600	1,035	565	735	490	250
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	925	310	585	370	215
$100,000 and over	3,500	2,735	765	1,720	1,340	380
$100,000 to $149,999	2,545	2,035	510	1,200	905	290
$150,000 and over	955	700	255	525	435	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,055	33,720	34,330	17,830	8,930	8,900
Without after-tax income	1,915	785	1,130	545	240	310
With after-tax income	66,135	32,940	33,200	17,285	8,690	8,595
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.7	96.7	96.9	97.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,115	2,870	5,245	1,950	770	1,180
$10,000 to $19,999	13,590	5,070	8,520	2,450	950	1,500
$20,000 to $29,999	12,685	5,545	7,140	2,640	1,005	1,630
$30,000 to $39,999	11,350	6,120	5,225	2,580	1,155	1,420
$40,000 to $49,999	7,945	4,825	3,125	2,250	1,180	1,070
$50,000 to $59,999	4,910	3,105	1,800	1,720	1,045	670
$60,000 to $69,999	2,870	1,825	1,045	1,180	760	415
$70,000 to $79,999	1,820	1,395	420	845	550	300
$80,000 and over	2,860	2,185	675	1,675	1,265	405
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	810	210	535	365	170
$90,000 to $99,999	555	420	135	360	265	90
$100,000 and over	1,285	955	330	775	635	145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	68,050	33,720	34,330	17,830	8,930	8,900
Without employment income	22,385	8,790	13,600	4,365	1,775	2,590
With employment income	45,665	24,930	20,735	13,465	7,155	6,310
Percentage with employment income	67.1	73.9	60.4	75.5	80.1	70.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,880	4,035	2,840	1,970	970	1,000
$5,000 to $9,999	3,580	1,550	2,030	1,090	475	610
$10,000 to $19,999	6,805	2,820	3,990	1,635	705	935
$20,000 to $29,999	5,990	2,725	3,265	1,390	590	800
$30,000 to $39,999	5,530	2,880	2,650	1,300	525	775
$40,000 to $49,999	4,325	2,450	1,875	1,280	620	660
$50,000 to $59,999	3,155	1,920	1,230	990	535	460
$60,000 to $69,999	2,460	1,595	865	840	515	330
$70,000 to $79,999	2,145	1,255	890	710	465	240
$80,000 and over	4,780	3,690	1,090	2,255	1,750	505
$80,000 to $89,999	1,165	805	355	585	395	185
$90,000 to $99,999	960	745	210	425	290	135
$100,000 and over	2,665	2,135	525	1,240	1,060	180
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,630	...	...	9,390	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,795	...	...	77,118	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,608	...	...	67,157	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,095	...	...	2,710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,266	...	...	38,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,030	...	...	34,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,535	...	...	6,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,023	...	...	96,143	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,290	...	...	82,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,597	...	...	99,662	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,406	...	...	81,788	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,175	...	...	2,690	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,322	...	...	56,718	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,867	...	...	46,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,485	...	...	6,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,575	...	...	116,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,761	...	...	95,915	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,630	...	...	9,385	...	...
Under $5,000	295	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	590	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,535	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,275	...	...	380	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,135	...	...	380	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,655	...	...	325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,150	...	...	380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,080	...	...	345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,970	...	...	380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,855	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,360	...	...	690	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,010	...	...	690	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,455	...	...	610	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,850	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,255	...	...	3,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,265	...	...	1,125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,055	...	...	745	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,820	...	...	860	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,115	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,625	...	...	9,390	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	600	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,545	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,375	...	...	395	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,415	...	...	425	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,085	...	...	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,595	...	...	445	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,475	...	...	415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,295	...	...	470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,285	...	...	450	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,890	...	...	810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,250	...	...	800	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,680	...	...	780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,120	...	...	675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,610	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,095	...	...	2,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,685	...	...	1,030	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,205	...	...	650	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,205	...	...	765	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,655	...	...	6,515	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,808	...	...	95,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,837	...	...	81,907	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,725	...	...	3,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,219	...	...	86,293	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,383	...	...	74,441	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,210	...	...	2,760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,234	...	...	119,083	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,795	...	...	100,352	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,688	...	...	55,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,438	...	...	50,432	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,635	...	...	6,495	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,481	...	...	116,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,373	...	...	95,777	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,715	...	...	3,010	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,904	...	...	105,982	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,505	...	...	87,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,205	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,023	...	...	140,554	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,314	...	...	114,411	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,145	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,566	...	...	65,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,853	...	...	56,202	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,410	7,715	7,695	3,250	1,695	1,555
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,480	31,081	23,388	38,208	44,176	32,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,814	27,661	22,731	34,136	38,874	29,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,370	7,645	7,725	3,275	1,685	1,580
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,757	37,685	31,859	54,071	55,420	52,632
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,656	31,425	27,906	44,577	45,050	44,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	79,500	39,495	40,000	22,370	11,270	11,105
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,175	22,325	23,855	9,825	4,745	5,080
In the bottom decile	6,625	3,245	3,385	1,520	790	730
In the second decile	9,140	3,915	5,220	2,015	890	1,120
In the third decile	9,765	4,675	5,090	1,860	875	990
In the fourth decile	10,675	5,340	5,335	2,180	1,085	1,100
In the fifth decile	9,980	5,155	4,820	2,250	1,115	1,140
In the top half of the distribution	33,315	17,170	16,145	12,545	6,520	6,025
In the sixth decile	9,220	4,700	4,515	2,450	1,260	1,190
In the seventh decile	8,110	4,210	3,900	2,475	1,265	1,215
In the eighth decile	6,865	3,495	3,365	2,705	1,395	1,310
In the ninth decile	5,350	2,825	2,520	2,550	1,320	1,225
In the top decile	3,775	1,935	1,835	2,365	1,275	1,085
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	79,495	39,495	40,000	22,370	11,265	11,105
0 to 17 years	13,630	6,945	6,685	5,335	2,735	2,600
0 to 5 years	4,655	2,305	2,350	1,870	990	880
18 to 64 years	49,500	25,000	24,490	13,265	6,755	6,505
65 years and over	16,370	7,545	8,825	3,775	1,775	2,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,210	4,990	6,220	2,450	1,180	1,275
0 to 17 years	1,530	795	740	700	360	340
0 to 5 years	525	280	245	255	135	115
18 to 64 years	6,365	3,060	3,305	1,230	620	605
65 years and over	3,315	1,135	2,180	520	195	330
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.6	15.6	11.0	10.5	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.4	11.1	13.1	13.2	13.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	12.1	10.4	13.6	13.6	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	12.9	12.2	13.5	9.3	9.2	9.3
65 years and over (%)	20.3	15.0	24.7	13.8	11.0	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,085	2,620	2,465	855	455	400
0 to 17 years	580	325	255	255	130	120
0 to 5 years	205	110	90	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	4,195	2,175	2,015	550	305	245
65 years and over	310	120	190	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.6	6.2	3.8	4.0	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	4.7	3.8	4.8	4.8	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.8	3.8	5.3	5.1	5.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.7	8.2	4.1	4.5	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.2	1.3	0.8	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,375	11,265	11,105
Official languages	79,410	39,430	39,985	22,320	11,245	11,070
English	18,740	11,050	7,685	22,305	11,240	11,065
French	79,245	39,340	39,905	435	185	250
Non-official languages	2,675	1,260	1,410	1,790	905	885
Aboriginal languages	145	65	75	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	140	65	75	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	140	65	75	10	0	0
Atikamekw	85	40	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,535	1,195	1,340	1,785	905	880
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	150	100	40	25	15
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	145	95	45	25	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	240	145	95	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	510	230	285
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	15	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	490	225	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	30	10	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	10	15	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,845	815	1,030	1,050	555	495
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	70	45	205	100	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	65	40	205	100	105
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	40	20	15
Russian	50	40	15	100	50	40
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	15	120	40	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	85	110	445	220	215
Afrikaans	10	0	0	10	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	10	50	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	170	80	90	360	190	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Greek	10	10	10	20	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	270	150	120
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	270	155	120
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	105	50	50
Hindi	10	10	10	175	105	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20	30	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	45	25	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,515	640	875	115	80	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	55	55	0	0	10
Portuguese	105	50	55	10	0	10
Romanian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Spanish	1,350	545	800	100	75	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	15	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	75	50	45	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	35	25	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swahili	0	10	0	10	10	10
Wolof	40	15	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	35	35	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	30	20	10
Chinese languages	110	50	55	30	20	10
Cantonese	20	10	10	20	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	45	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	25	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,370	11,265	11,105
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	78,580	38,950	39,625	21,290	10,755	10,530
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,480	6,875	6,605	5,065	2,625	2,435
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,095	32,070	33,020	16,225	8,130	8,095
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	890	515	375	1,085	515	575
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	79,465	39,465	40,005	22,375	11,265	11,105
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	77,735	38,500	39,235	20,660	10,440	10,215
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,235	650	585	1,580	750	835
Before 1981	195	130	65	235	125	110
1981 to 1990	135	65	75	90	40	50
1991 to 2000	230	115	110	185	85	105
2001 to 2010	385	175	215	245	125	115
2001 to 2005	155	60	95	85	40	40
2006 to 2010	235	115	120	160	90	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	290	160	125	825	370	455
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	490	310	180	135	80	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,240	650	585	1,580	750	830
Under 5 years	215	90	125	190	85	100
5 to 14 years	125	80	45	335	170	170
15 to 24 years	210	115	100	270	115	160
25 to 44 years	645	340	310	755	360	395
45 years and over	40	30	10	25	20	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,235	645	590	1,580	750	835
Americas	165	85	85	320	125	190
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	40	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	10	0	0	100	50	60
Peru	20	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	15	10	140	45	95
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	25	50	20	25
Europe	470	275	195	350	160	185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	10	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	265	145	110	0	0	0
Germany	30	10	15	30	20	10
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	10	10	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	20	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	35	10	20
Poland	15	10	0	10	0	10
Portugal	25	0	20	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	20	0	85	35	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	140	75	65
Other places of birth in Europe	35	30	10	0	10	0
Africa	285	160	125	95	55	45
Algeria	65	45	20	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	55	35	25	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	140	70	70	70	40	35
Asia	320	130	190	805	395	410
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	15	75	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	45	20	25	215	125	95
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	35	30
Philippines	30	10	20	460	200	260
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	15	35	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	290	165	130	825	375	455
Americas	25	10	20	55	10	40
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	10	0	15
Europe	110	70	40	75	25	50
France	95	55	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	105	60	45	55	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	15	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	10	45	20	20
Asia	50	25	25	635	300	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	180	90	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Philippines	0	10	0	385	170	210
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,375	11,270	11,105
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,865	1,045	825	1,820	910	915
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,315	640	675	2,870	1,385	1,480
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	76,285	37,775	38,510	17,690	8,975	8,710
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,050	520	530	1,360	635	720
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	570	350	215	1,010	510	500
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	320	240	85	390	260	130
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	250	115	135	625	255	370
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	420	135	285	255	80	175
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	25	25	90	45	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,370	11,265	11,105
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,335	1,775	1,565	660	345	315
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,230	1,725	1,510	645	340	305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	950	505	450	150	75	65
Métis	2,240	1,205	1,035	490	260	230
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	25	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	30	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	76,125	37,685	38,440	21,710	10,920	10,795
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,370	11,265	11,105
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	875	445	430	140	80	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,590	39,020	39,575	22,230	11,185	11,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,375	11,270	11,105
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,720	890	830	85	35	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,660	870	800	80	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	925	475	450	40	20	25
Métis single ancestry	725	390	335	45	20	25
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	60	25	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	25	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,280	1,675	1,605	850	420	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,220	1,640	1,580	830	415	415
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,095	1,040	1,055	270	170	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,095	590	505	550	245	305
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	25	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	35	20	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	30	10	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	74,465	36,895	37,570	21,440	10,810	10,635
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,375	11,265	11,105
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,260	670	595	1,335	670	665
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	90	45	50	350	190	155
Chinese	170	60	105	40	30	10
Black	390	220	170	190	90	100
Filipino	45	25	20	565	255	310
Latin American	115	60	55	40	20	20
Arab	235	140	105	25	15	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	45	40	40	15	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	40	25	25	10	0
Korean	15	10	10	10	10	10
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	20	10	30	20	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	78,205	38,790	39,410	21,045	10,600	10,440
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	79,465	39,460	40,005	22,370	11,270	11,105
North American Aboriginal origins	5,000	2,565	2,435	930	460	470
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,130	1,570	1,565	330	190	140
Inuit	65	20	45	10	0	0
Métis	1,915	1,035	880	615	275	335
Other North American origins	64,525	31,765	32,755	6,335	3,145	3,195
Acadian	315	160	155	25	10	20
American	155	75	80	470	210	260
Canadian	62,720	30,780	31,935	5,950	2,955	2,995
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,895	1,005	890	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,895	11,600	11,295	17,920	8,975	8,945
British Isles origins	4,475	2,270	2,205	11,155	5,435	5,720
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	730	410	320	6,205	2,900	3,305
Irish	2,600	1,275	1,330	4,205	1,990	2,215
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	1,685	870	815	5,080	2,465	2,615
Welsh	0	0	10	495	240	255
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	55	30	25	365	200	165
French origins	18,900	9,580	9,325	3,020	1,375	1,650
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	115	55	55	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,805	9,520	9,285	3,020	1,375	1,650
Western European origins (except French origins)	940	505	430	8,825	4,420	4,410
Austrian	0	0	0	305	175	130
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	245	125	120	625	345	280
Dutch	115	75	40	845	435	415
Flemish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	515	275	240	7,515	3,695	3,820
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	115	55	60	135	70	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	500	265	230	3,880	1,985	1,895
Danish	35	25	10	260	130	130
Finnish	45	20	25	75	30	45
Icelandic	0	10	0	115	50	65
Norwegian	380	195	185	2,550	1,305	1,245
Swedish	0	10	0	1,090	565	530
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	15	155	90	65
Eastern European origins	300	175	125	4,605	2,285	2,325
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	90	35	50
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	0	25	705	315	385
Latvian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	75	75	1,480	700	785
Romanian	20	20	0	425	220	200
Russian	70	45	20	565	340	225
Slovak	0	0	0	50	20	25
Ukrainian	80	55	25	2,155	1,020	1,135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	805	450	365	345	190	155
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	25	20	0	20
Italian	430	255	175	125	75	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	85	90	60	35	25
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	150	75	70	110	55	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	30	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	30	30	55	45	10
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	0	20	20	20	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	25	15	25	25	0
Caribbean origins	120	35	80	80	35	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	45	15	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	25	10	20	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	0	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	180	110	65	200	95	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	25	0	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	35	15	20	10	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexican	25	25	0	115	60	60
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	10	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	660	410	250	175	105	65
Central and West African origins	200	120	80	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	45	35	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	325	220	110	20	15	10
Algerian	125	85	40	0	0	0
Berber	40	30	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	105	70	40	20	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	30	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	25	20	75	55	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	30	15	10
Other African origins	115	60	50	65	30	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	20	15	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	80	40	40	50	20	30
Asian origins	670	320	355	1,120	555	560
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	205	115	95	40	25	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	20	10	10	10	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	20	10	25	15	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	95	55	45	365	200	155
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	100	55	45	360	195	160
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	360	150	210	720	335	385
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	185	70	115	85	50	35
Filipino	65	30	40	600	265	335
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	10	0	10
Laotian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	40	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	35	20	10
Australian	10	10	0	20	15	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
Owner	22,270	...	...	7,430	...	...
Renter	15,390	...	...	1,960	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,660	...	...	9,385	...	...
Condominium	2,990	...	...	635	...	...
Not condominium	34,670	...	...	8,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,660	...	...	9,385	...	...
No bedrooms	160	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	5,170	...	...	765	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,265	...	...	2,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,325	...	...	3,125	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,730	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,440	...	...	1,590	...	...
5 rooms	6,570	...	...	1,345	...	...
6 rooms	3,845	...	...	1,475	...	...
7 rooms	4,280	...	...	1,310	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,525	...	...	3,680	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,615	...	...	9,300	...	...
More than 1 person per room	45	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,655	...	...	9,385	...	...
Suitable	37,305	...	...	9,190	...	...
Not suitable	355	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,660	...	...	9,390	...	...
1960 or before	9,385	...	...	2,745	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,895	...	...	3,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,670	...	...	1,190	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,970	...	...	405	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,115	...	...	245	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,830	...	...	490	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,795	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,705	...	...	8,580	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,950	...	...	815	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 household maintainer	25,060	...	...	5,965	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,360	...	...	3,325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	235	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,655	...	...	9,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,505	...	...	345	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,990	...	...	1,560	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,270	...	...	1,545	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,120	...	...	1,570	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,575	...	...	1,780	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,485	...	...	1,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,610	...	...	885	...	...
85 years and over	1,105	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,540	...	...	8,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,825	...	...	7,010	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,710	...	...	1,280	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,090	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,185	...	...	6,395	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.6	...	...	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	897	...	...	787	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	961	...	...	1,033	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,102	...	...	250,601	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	217,920	...	...	273,153	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,385	...	...	1,905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.9	...	...	20.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.5	...	...	33.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	600	...	...	837	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	664	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,025	33,710	34,315	17,830	8,930	8,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,745	6,055	6,695	3,880	2,295	1,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,455	6,240	7,215	6,010	3,160	2,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,820	21,420	20,405	7,935	3,475	4,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,560	9,585	5,970	2,245	1,520	725
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,380	6,360	5,025	1,045	590	455
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,175	3,230	945	1,200	930	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,110	5,480	6,635	3,015	925	2,090
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,585	910	1,680	630	240	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,565	5,445	6,120	2,045	785	1,255
Bachelor's degree	7,815	3,520	4,290	1,685	615	1,070
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	775	315	460	105	50	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	440	235	205	55	40	15
Master's degree	2,050	1,045	1,000	195	80	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	495	335	160	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,820	21,585	21,235	11,625	5,875	5,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,145	2,635	2,510	1,435	970	460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,960	3,395	3,565	4,150	2,255	1,890
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,715	15,555	15,160	6,045	2,650	3,395
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,815	7,095	4,720	1,665	1,150	515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,785	4,720	4,065	745	430	315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,035	2,370	660	915	720	200
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,205	3,725	4,480	2,290	720	1,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,570	605	965	380	170	215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,125	4,125	5,000	1,705	605	1,100
Bachelor's degree	6,180	2,700	3,480	1,385	470	915
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	550	190	360	85	30	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	180	185	50	35	20
Master's degree	1,670	830	845	185	65	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	360	230	130	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,020	33,710	34,315	17,830	8,930	8,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,205	12,295	13,910	9,895	5,455	4,440
Education	3,690	940	2,750	805	135	670
13. Education	3,690	940	2,750	805	135	665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	905	385	515	125	45	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	60	125	30	10	20
50. Visual and performing arts	720	330	395	90	30	55
Humanities	1,865	780	1,080	265	105	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	35	135	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	35	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	935	390	545	45	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	55	20	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	80	90	130	65	70
54. History	170	115	60	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	275	85	195	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,555	705	1,850	440	140	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	30	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	250	105	150	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	840	45	800	150	10	145
22. Legal professions and studies	300	110	190	65	20	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	505	105	400	60	25	40
45. Social sciences	535	305	225	120	75	50
Business, management and public administration	9,170	2,955	6,210	1,520	330	1,195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	720	160	560	135	10	120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,445	2,800	5,650	1,385	315	1,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	770	525	90	35	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	315	125	195	35	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	60	65	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	295	170	120	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	510	390	120	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	25	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,080	755	320	95	45	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	870	675	195	85	40	40
25. Library science	120	25	95	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,910	10,290	615	1,895	1,760	135
04. Architecture and related services	235	180	50	30	10	20
14. Engineering	1,205	1,060	150	165	120	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	2,080	200	265	230	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,435	2,375	60	425	420	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,555	2,505	55	755	740	15
48. Precision production	2,195	2,090	105	255	235	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,175	855	315	545	415	130
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	160	160	485	375	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	855	700	160	55	45	20
Health and related fields	5,805	1,220	4,585	1,475	200	1,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	305	190	115	55	20	35
51. Health professions and related programs	5,345	925	4,420	1,405	175	1,235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	155	110	50	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,375	1,750	1,625	680	265	420
12. Personal and culinary services	2,040	530	1,515	465	75	390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	480	80	100	80	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	740	715	30	110	115	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,820	21,585	21,235	11,625	5,875	5,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,105	6,030	6,075	5,580	3,225	2,355
Education	2,085	505	1,580	495	70	425
13. Education	2,080	500	1,575	495	70	420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	690	315	370	100	25	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	50	55	25	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	580	270	315	65	20	50
Humanities	1,070	455	615	190	65	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	30	115	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	20	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	465	220	245	40	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	20	10	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	30	85	45	40
54. History	115	70	45	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	190	45	140	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,035	545	1,490	390	115	275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	30	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	95	110	45	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	675	35	640	135	10	125
22. Legal professions and studies	240	75	170	60	20	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	395	90	310	50	10	35
45. Social sciences	430	220	205	100	50	45
Business, management and public administration	7,130	2,125	5,000	1,150	260	895
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	585	115	475	100	10	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,540	2,010	4,530	1,045	250	795
Physical and life sciences and technologies	770	440	330	65	25	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	90	175	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	40	30	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	20	10	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	365	275	90	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	25	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	885	625	265	85	45	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	710	565	145	75	45	35
25. Library science	115	25	85	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	15	30	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,255	7,735	520	1,435	1,325	105
04. Architecture and related services	190	150	40	15	10	10
14. Engineering	990	850	145	125	90	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,660	1,500	160	225	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,725	1,670	55	350	350	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,015	1,970	45	540	525	15
48. Precision production	1,670	1,595	75	190	175	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	945	685	260	430	335	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	110	120	380	295	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	715	575	145	55	35	20
Health and related fields	4,250	850	3,405	1,140	155	980
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	145	75	45	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs	3,905	620	3,280	1,085	135	950
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	80	45	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,605	1,280	1,325	555	225	335
12. Personal and culinary services	1,620	385	1,235	365	60	310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	385	320	65	90	65	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	550	25	105	105	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,025	33,710	34,315	17,830	8,930	8,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,205	12,295	13,910	9,895	5,455	4,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,820	21,415	20,400	7,935	3,475	4,460
Location of study inside Canada	41,080	21,000	20,080	7,145	3,100	4,050
Same as province or territory of residence	40,405	20,570	19,835	5,685	2,425	3,260
Different than province or territory of residence	675	430	240	1,460	670	785
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	735	420	325	790	380	410
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	50	20	170	70	95
Philippines	10	0	15	245	95	155
India	20	10	10	135	70	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	40	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	15	0	0	0	0
France	305	170	135	0	0	0
Other	305	165	140	200	110	95
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,820	21,580	21,235	11,625	5,875	5,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,100	6,030	6,075	5,580	3,225	2,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,715	15,555	15,160	6,040	2,650	3,395
Location of study inside Canada	30,175	15,275	14,905	5,335	2,310	3,025
Same as province or territory of residence	29,655	14,965	14,685	4,145	1,765	2,380
Different than province or territory of residence	525	310	215	1,190	545	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	540	280	260	710	340	370
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	35	15	130	60	70
Philippines	10	0	10	245	90	150
India	10	0	10	120	65	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	25	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	20	0	0	0	0
France	205	120	95	0	0	0
Other	245	115	130	190	100	90
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,025	33,710	34,310	17,830	8,930	8,905
In the labour force	39,790	21,225	18,570	12,635	6,990	5,645
Employed	36,525	19,080	17,450	11,935	6,570	5,365
Unemployed	3,260	2,145	1,120	705	420	280
Not in the labour force	28,235	12,490	15,745	5,200	1,940	3,255
Participation rate	58.5	63.0	54.1	70.9	78.3	63.4
Employment rate	53.7	56.6	50.9	66.9	73.6	60.2
Unemployment rate	8.2	10.1	6.0	5.6	6.0	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,025	33,710	34,310	17,830	8,930	8,900
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,080	11,265	14,820	4,375	1,680	2,700
Worked	41,940	22,450	19,490	13,450	7,250	6,200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,540	11,220	8,320	6,805	4,230	2,575
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	22,400	11,230	11,170	6,645	3,025	3,625
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.2	42.3	42.7	43.7	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,790	21,220	18,565	12,630	6,985	5,645
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	880	485	395	75	35	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	38,905	20,735	18,175	12,560	6,945	5,610
Employee	35,480	18,860	16,625	9,530	4,895	4,635
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,425	1,870	1,550	3,025	2,050	970
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,790	21,220	18,570	12,635	6,985	5,650
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	485	395	75	35	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	38,910	20,735	18,175	12,560	6,950	5,610
0 Management occupations	3,295	2,040	1,255	2,535	1,810	725
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,305	1,540	3,770	1,655	280	1,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,805	2,330	475	365	255	110
3 Health occupations	3,340	655	2,685	830	95	740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,295	1,840	3,460	985	230	755
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	870	430	440	195	30	165
6 Sales and service occupations	9,845	4,255	5,595	2,040	720	1,325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,110	5,895	215	2,125	2,005	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	590	530	60	1,345	1,125	230
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,445	1,220	235	480	400	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,790	21,220	18,570	12,635	6,985	5,645
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	880	485	390	75	40	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	38,910	20,735	18,175	12,560	6,950	5,610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	625	465	160	2,665	1,885	780
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	390	340	45	1,145	945	195
22 Utilities	445	390	55	155	110	40
23 Construction	2,550	2,295	260	905	770	135
31-33 Manufacturing	3,485	2,860	625	445	365	75
41 Wholesale trade	915	735	180	435	295	140
44-45 Retail trade	5,420	2,355	3,065	1,095	505	590
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,295	1,075	220	490	345	145
51 Information and cultural industries	730	405	325	160	50	105
52 Finance and insurance	905	315	590	365	60	310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	425	290	135	120	80	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,285	1,420	860	440	220	220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	25	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,585	990	590	210	125	80
61 Educational services	3,445	1,185	2,255	635	140	490
62 Health care and social assistance	5,880	1,180	4,695	1,485	180	1,310
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	605	310	295	165	75	95
72 Accommodation and food services	2,790	1,090	1,705	560	215	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,230	1,155	1,075	575	310	260
91 Public administration	2,905	1,875	1,030	510	260	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	36,530	19,075	17,455	11,935	6,570	5,365
Worked at home	1,680	830	850	2,495	1,570	925
Worked outside Canada	45	35	15	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,660	2,000	660	2,075	1,710	365
Worked at usual place	32,140	16,215	15,930	7,360	3,285	4,075
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,145	16,215	15,930	7,360	3,285	4,070
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	29,275	14,245	15,035	4,320	1,770	2,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,340	815	525	2,150	1,055	1,095
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,485	1,115	370	880	455	425
Commute to a different province or territory	40	40	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	34,805	18,210	16,590	9,430	5,000	4,435
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,335	16,050	14,285	8,110	4,430	3,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,350	525	830	510	225	285
Public transit	910	400	510	15	10	10
Walked	1,570	775	790	595	225	370
Bicycle	105	85	20	90	50	50
Other method	535	385	150	115	70	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	34,800	18,215	16,595	9,430	4,995	4,435
Less than 15 minutes	17,870	8,480	9,390	5,430	2,565	2,865
15 to 29 minutes	12,165	6,625	5,545	1,690	925	765
30 to 44 minutes	2,970	1,720	1,250	1,105	655	450
45 to 59 minutes	755	560	200	470	290	180
60 minutes and over	1,040	830	210	745	565	180
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	34,805	18,210	16,590	9,430	5,000	4,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,695	1,345	345	700	520	180
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,240	4,470	1,775	2,265	1,565	700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,645	6,715	6,930	3,100	1,640	1,460
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,905	2,250	3,655	1,770	625	1,140
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,375	800	1,575	650	250	400
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,945	2,635	2,315	950	390	555
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	43,060	23,005	20,055	13,880	7,475	6,395
Single responses	42,350	22,530	19,820	13,865	7,475	6,390
Official languages	42,335	22,525	19,810	13,865	7,475	6,390
English	640	365	275	13,845	7,470	6,375
French	41,695	22,160	19,535	15	0	15
Non-official languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	705	470	235	10	10	10
English and French	685	470	215	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	43,055	23,005	20,055	13,875	7,480	6,400
None	37,625	19,450	18,180	13,770	7,425	6,345
English	4,885	3,245	1,640	10	0	0
French	485	285	200	20	10	0
Non-official language	35	15	20	75	45	35
Aboriginal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	0	20	80	45	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	78,595	38,995	39,600	21,995	11,060	10,930
Non-movers	70,240	34,890	35,350	19,495	9,790	9,710
Movers	8,355	4,105	4,250	2,500	1,270	1,225
Non-migrants	6,160	3,005	3,150	1,295	685	610
Migrants	2,195	1,095	1,100	1,205	590	615
Internal migrants	1,900	930	970	1,045	505	540
Intraprovincial migrants	1,730	825	905	755	355	405
Interprovincial migrants	170	105	65	285	150	135
External migrants	295	165	130	165	85	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75,585	37,525	38,065	20,820	10,395	10,430
Non-movers	51,115	25,355	25,760	13,365	6,740	6,625
Movers	24,475	12,170	12,300	7,460	3,650	3,805
Non-migrants	17,795	8,645	9,150	3,035	1,445	1,590
Migrants	6,680	3,525	3,155	4,425	2,210	2,215
Internal migrants	5,910	3,065	2,845	3,640	1,845	1,790
Intraprovincial migrants	5,215	2,665	2,555	2,555	1,285	1,270
Interprovincial migrants	695	405	290	1,080	560	525
External migrants	770	460	305	790	365	425

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 2, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chicoutimi--Le Fjord [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan