Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Drummond Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Hawkesbury Ontario/Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,397	...	...	11,974	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,681	...	...	12,128	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.8	...	...	-1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	47,581	...	...	6,093	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,334	...	...	5,748	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	64.6	...	...	959.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,600.26	...	...	12.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,395	51,560	51,835	11,975	5,630	6,340
0 to 14 years	17,610	9,080	8,530	1,595	805	790
0 to 4 years	5,700	2,895	2,805	460	230	235
5 to 9 years	6,245	3,245	3,000	580	285	290
10 to 14 years	5,665	2,945	2,725	555	290	260
15 to 64 years	66,045	33,500	32,545	7,245	3,515	3,730
15 to 19 years	5,690	2,885	2,805	560	285	280
20 to 24 years	5,645	2,910	2,735	605	305	300
25 to 29 years	5,630	2,935	2,695	565	275	285
30 to 34 years	6,140	3,150	2,990	515	260	255
35 to 39 years	7,345	3,730	3,615	550	250	305
40 to 44 years	6,185	3,190	2,995	625	300	330
45 to 49 years	6,180	3,205	2,975	695	345	345
50 to 54 years	7,595	3,795	3,800	975	450	525
55 to 59 years	8,005	3,915	4,090	1,040	505	530
60 to 64 years	7,625	3,790	3,835	1,110	530	580
65 years and over	19,740	8,980	10,760	3,135	1,315	1,815
65 to 69 years	6,900	3,360	3,540	940	425	515
70 to 74 years	5,160	2,465	2,695	805	350	460
75 to 79 years	3,180	1,480	1,700	535	230	300
80 to 84 years	2,205	910	1,295	440	185	260
85 years and over	2,295	760	1,535	410	130	280
85 to 89 years	1,425	530	895	255	100	150
90 to 94 years	660	185	470	130	30	100
95 to 99 years	185	35	150	25	0	25
100 years and over	25	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.6	16.5	13.3	14.3	12.5
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.0	62.8	60.5	62.4	58.8
65 years and over	19.1	17.4	20.8	26.2	23.4	28.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	3.0	3.4	2.3	4.4
Average age of the population	42.1	41.1	43.1	47.2	45.7	48.6
Median age of the population	42.8	41.6	44.2	51.5	49.8	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
Single-detached house	24,885	...	...	2,200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	240	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,680	...	...	3,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,085	...	...	725	...	...
Row house	805	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,540	...	...	905	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,025	...	...	1,570	...	...
Other single-attached house	225	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	535	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
1 person	15,325	...	...	2,265	...	...
2 persons	16,585	...	...	2,155	...	...
3 persons	5,770	...	...	660	...	...
4 persons	5,110	...	...	445	...	...
5 or more persons	2,555	...	...	225	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,095	...	...	11,530	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	85,785	42,480	43,305	10,380	4,830	5,545
Married or living common law	49,650	24,840	24,810	5,275	2,635	2,645
Married	26,700	13,395	13,305	3,590	1,795	1,795
Living common law	22,945	11,440	11,505	1,690	835	850
Not married and not living common law	36,135	17,645	18,495	5,105	2,200	2,905
Never married	23,420	13,130	10,285	2,735	1,465	1,265
Separated	1,040	515	525	370	155	220
Divorced	6,545	2,810	3,730	900	370	530
Widowed	5,135	1,180	3,955	1,100	210	890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,780	...	...	3,375	...	...
2 persons	16,150	...	...	2,155	...	...
3 persons	5,475	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	4,940	...	...	410	...	...
5 or more persons	2,215	...	...	165	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,780	...	...	3,370	...	...
Total couple families	24,210	...	...	2,575	...	...
Married couples	12,745	...	...	1,730	...	...
Common-law couples	11,465	...	...	845	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,570	...	...	800	...	...
Female parent	3,270	...	...	630	...	...
Male parent	1,295	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,210	...	...	2,575	...	...
Couples without children	13,400	...	...	1,670	...	...
Couples with children	10,820	...	...	905	...	...
1 child	4,115	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	4,580	...	...	340	...	...
3 or more children	2,125	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,565	...	...	795	...	...
1 child	2,755	...	...	485	...	...
2 children	1,360	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,755	10,255	9,500	2,775	1,245	1,530
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,335	...	...	5,750	...	...
One-census-family households	28,325	...	...	3,290	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,205	...	...	1,640	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,125	...	...	1,650	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	225	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,780	...	...	2,415	...	...
One-person households	15,325	...	...	2,265	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,460	...	...	155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	101,950	50,875	51,070	11,755	5,550	6,200
English only	160	80	75	1,020	525	495
French only	73,645	35,225	38,420	2,845	1,215	1,625
English and French	27,870	15,420	12,450	7,865	3,795	4,070
Neither English nor French	280	155	130	20	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	101,950	50,880	51,075	11,755	5,550	6,200
English	1,285	650	635	2,150	1,075	1,080
French	99,990	49,860	50,130	9,460	4,410	5,050
English and French	410	225	185	125	60	65
Neither English nor French	265	140	125	15	10	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,495	765	725	2,210	1,105	1,110
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.5	1.4	18.8	19.9	17.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	101,950	50,880	51,075	11,755	5,550	6,200
Single responses	101,240	50,510	50,725	11,460	5,425	6,040
Official languages	99,105	49,395	49,710	11,020	5,195	5,825
English	1,240	625	615	1,720	860	865
French	97,865	48,770	49,095	9,300	4,335	4,965
Non-official languages	2,135	1,115	1,015	445	230	215
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,125	1,110	1,010	445	230	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	205	140	60	30	30
Berber languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	340	205	140	60	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	340	200	140	55	25	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	5	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	10	5	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	20	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	20	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,290	665	625	280	140	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	65	80	50	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	145	65	85	45	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	20	10	10
Russian	15	5	15	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	5	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	15	5	5	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	155	90	65	40	15	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	5	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	80	55	30	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	95	50	40
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	90	50	40
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	940	480	460	60	35	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	30	10	15	10	5
Portuguese	30	10	10	0	5	0
Romanian	35	15	15	15	5	10
Spanish	850	430	420	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	185	85	100	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lingala	30	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	40	30	20	10
Chinese languages	90	45	45	30	15	10
Cantonese	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	35	20	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	10	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Multiple responses	715	370	345	285	130	160
English and French	455	235	225	220	95	130
English and non-official language	5	5	5	35	15	15
French and non-official language	220	115	105	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	101,955	50,875	51,075	11,755	5,550	6,200
Single responses	100,885	50,320	50,565	11,360	5,370	5,990
Official languages	99,690	49,715	49,975	11,140	5,255	5,880
English	825	425	405	2,130	1,045	1,080
French	98,860	49,295	49,570	9,015	4,210	4,800
Non-official languages	1,200	600	595	220	110	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	605	595	215	110	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	105	80	15	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	100	80	20	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	180	100	80	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	745	365	380	130	60	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	40	50	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	45	25	20	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	295	300	20	5	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	565	280	285	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	20	15	5
Chinese languages	80	45	35	25	15	5
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	30	20	15	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	1,070	560	505	395	180	210
English and French	435	225	200	280	125	160
English and non-official language	25	15	15	75	35	35
French and non-official language	555	285	265	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	60	40	20	20	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	101,955	50,875	51,070	11,750	5,550	6,200
None	96,875	48,220	48,655	9,165	4,335	4,830
English	3,445	1,850	1,595	1,820	850	970
French	950	465	485	585	270	315
Non-official language	545	275	270	145	75	65
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	540	270	270	140	75	70
English and French	35	20	20	10	5	5
English and non-official language	80	40	45	15	10	5
French and non-official language	10	5	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	82,495	41,175	41,325	9,945	4,685	5,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,360	40,225	40,140	9,600	4,545	5,060
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,560	35,638	25,754	25,632	31,040	21,859
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,375	40,225	40,150	9,605	4,545	5,060
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,697	31,336	24,029	24,285	28,442	21,168
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,150	36,115	34,040	7,540	3,750	3,790
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,407	33,420	22,256	24,138	29,056	19,577
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,115	30,440	33,675	7,930	3,605	4,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,073	7,077	8,847	10,703	10,293	10,867
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,230	30,380	26,850	5,730	2,980	2,750
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,278	34,658	24,209	25,783	29,255	22,656
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,950	4,680	5,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,390	40,180	40,205	9,570	4,520	5,045
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,157	44,601	31,717	33,803	38,117	29,939
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,415	40,190	40,225	9,565	4,520	5,045
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	36,654	27,625	29,522	32,955	26,447
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,170	36,155	34,015	7,495	3,750	3,740
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,500	42,569	27,988	32,188	36,076	28,292
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,995	30,280	33,715	7,875	3,535	4,340
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,008	8,366	9,584	10,427	10,445	10,413
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,235	30,345	26,885	5,740	3,020	2,715
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,639	39,341	29,332	32,402	34,039	30,585
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,955	4,675	5,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,970	14,800	11,170	2,405	1,315	1,090
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,853	44,373	37,122	40,547	44,593	35,898
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,119	51,500	41,313	45,613	49,444	41,007
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.6	85.2	74.3	74.0	78.8	68.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.2	69.8	61.5	57.0	60.3	53.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.4	14.8	25.7	26.1	21.1	31.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,945	4,685	5,255
Without total income	2,135	950	1,185	340	145	200
With total income	80,360	40,225	40,135	9,600	4,540	5,060
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.7	97.1	96.5	96.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,280	3,915	5,365	1,185	490	695
$10,000 to $19,999	16,470	6,500	9,970	2,455	880	1,575
$20,000 to $29,999	13,750	6,240	7,505	1,835	820	1,015
$30,000 to $39,999	12,205	6,260	5,950	1,370	715	655
$40,000 to $49,999	10,600	5,785	4,815	920	490	430
$50,000 to $59,999	6,610	3,990	2,620	630	365	260
$60,000 to $69,999	3,985	2,565	1,425	425	255	175
$70,000 to $79,999	2,795	1,665	1,135	240	165	80
$80,000 to $89,999	1,570	1,050	520	180	125	55
$90,000 to $99,999	910	625	290	125	75	45
$100,000 and over	2,180	1,635	550	235	155	80
$100,000 to $149,999	1,500	1,105	395	190	120	75
$150,000 and over	680	530	150	45	40	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	82,495	41,175	41,325	9,940	4,690	5,255
Without after-tax income	2,120	945	1,175	340	145	195
With after-tax income	80,375	40,230	40,150	9,605	4,540	5,060
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.7	97.2	96.6	96.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,590	3,995	5,595	1,220	495	725
$10,000 to $19,999	17,350	6,905	10,450	2,525	915	1,610
$20,000 to $29,999	17,045	8,085	8,965	2,165	1,000	1,165
$30,000 to $39,999	15,535	8,435	7,100	1,500	800	700
$40,000 to $49,999	9,975	5,870	4,110	930	525	405
$50,000 to $59,999	5,160	3,140	2,020	550	335	215
$60,000 to $69,999	2,685	1,640	1,045	305	205	100
$70,000 to $79,999	1,215	830	390	160	105	55
$80,000 and over	1,820	1,335	480	245	170	75
$80,000 to $89,999	595	435	160	110	70	40
$90,000 to $99,999	360	255	100	45	35	15
$100,000 and over	865	645	220	90	65	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	82,495	41,175	41,325	9,940	4,685	5,255
Without employment income	25,265	10,790	14,475	4,215	1,710	2,505
With employment income	57,235	30,380	26,850	5,725	2,975	2,750
Percentage with employment income	69.4	73.8	65.0	57.6	63.5	52.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,180	3,540	3,640	965	530	440
$5,000 to $9,999	4,670	2,025	2,640	540	230	310
$10,000 to $19,999	8,995	3,815	5,180	875	380	495
$20,000 to $29,999	8,390	3,815	4,570	840	375	465
$30,000 to $39,999	8,555	4,495	4,065	720	365	350
$40,000 to $49,999	6,865	4,125	2,745	560	300	255
$50,000 to $59,999	4,380	2,980	1,405	415	245	175
$60,000 to $69,999	2,780	1,835	950	280	190	90
$70,000 to $79,999	2,170	1,320	850	145	105	40
$80,000 and over	3,245	2,435	815	380	260	120
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	775	315	130	90	40
$90,000 to $99,999	655	490	165	90	55	40
$100,000 and over	1,500	1,170	330	155	115	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,330	...	...	5,745	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,580	...	...	42,384	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,816	...	...	39,620	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,320	...	...	2,265	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,994	...	...	23,130	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,104	...	...	22,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,015	...	...	3,480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,929	...	...	58,524	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,264	...	...	53,911	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,664	...	...	56,260	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,007	...	...	49,135	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,295	...	...	2,260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,968	...	...	32,670	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,496	...	...	28,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,040	...	...	3,490	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,334	...	...	71,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,527	...	...	62,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,335	...	...	5,750	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	845	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,920	...	...	340	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,750	...	...	570	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,710	...	...	470	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,165	...	...	390	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,930	...	...	415	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,810	...	...	360	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,610	...	...	325	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,420	...	...	275	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,285	...	...	485	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,650	...	...	400	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,205	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,250	...	...	220	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,845	...	...	755	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,740	...	...	365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,855	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,430	...	...	140	...	...
$200,000 and over	830	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
Under $5,000	370	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	855	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,940	...	...	350	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,895	...	...	580	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,075	...	...	520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,685	...	...	415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,570	...	...	475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,385	...	...	390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,870	...	...	355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,705	...	...	335	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,835	...	...	545	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,125	...	...	410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,220	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,515	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,875	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,405	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,515	...	...	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	980	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	910	...	...	100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,930	...	...	3,390	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,314	...	...	58,053	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,513	...	...	53,534	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,005	...	...	1,600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,944	...	...	55,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,700	...	...	51,200	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,860	...	...	920	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,526	...	...	84,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,733	...	...	75,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,067	...	...	39,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,456	...	...	38,528	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,895	...	...	3,390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,119	...	...	71,293	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,048	...	...	62,095	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,955	...	...	1,575	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,149	...	...	68,979	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,995	...	...	59,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,915	...	...	920	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,673	...	...	92,194	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,719	...	...	80,090	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,400	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,741	...	...	51,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,187	...	...	45,853	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,250	9,595	8,660	2,550	1,135	1,410
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,620	29,208	23,021	22,982	25,203	21,621
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,114	26,481	22,229	22,259	23,968	21,208
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,230	9,665	8,560	2,535	1,115	1,415
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,774	33,537	29,784	32,249	34,914	30,146
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,572	28,716	26,281	28,391	30,163	26,993
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,095	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,045
In the bottom half of the distribution	66,490	32,875	33,615	8,145	3,780	4,370
In the bottom decile	9,710	4,790	4,915	1,910	885	1,025
In the second decile	13,335	6,095	7,240	2,150	910	1,240
In the third decile	15,095	7,450	7,645	1,665	830	835
In the fourth decile	15,025	7,660	7,370	1,270	605	665
In the fifth decile	13,325	6,880	6,440	1,150	545	610
In the top half of the distribution	33,600	17,365	16,240	3,380	1,710	1,675
In the sixth decile	11,315	5,885	5,420	1,055	525	530
In the seventh decile	8,985	4,645	4,340	795	380	415
In the eighth decile	6,295	3,240	3,060	665	345	315
In the ninth decile	4,120	2,135	1,990	585	300	285
In the top decile	2,890	1,460	1,430	290	155	130
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	100,095	50,240	49,845	11,530	5,485	6,045
0 to 17 years	20,970	10,750	10,225	1,950	985	970
0 to 5 years	6,875	3,510	3,365	565	275	295
18 to 64 years	62,040	31,335	30,700	6,790	3,275	3,515
65 years and over	17,080	8,160	8,920	2,790	1,225	1,565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,045	7,500	8,540	3,105	1,360	1,745
0 to 17 years	3,050	1,575	1,470	680	350	325
0 to 5 years	970	510	450	220	115	105
18 to 64 years	9,115	4,390	4,725	1,770	790	970
65 years and over	3,880	1,530	2,345	660	220	440
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	14.9	17.1	26.9	24.8	28.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.5	14.7	14.4	34.9	35.5	33.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.5	13.4	38.9	41.8	35.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.0	15.4	26.1	24.1	27.6
65 years and over (%)	22.7	18.8	26.3	23.7	18.0	28.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,110	3,605	3,500	1,050	500	545
0 to 17 years	1,245	670	575	210	110	100
0 to 5 years	425	235	185	70	35	40
18 to 64 years	5,445	2,770	2,675	785	375	410
65 years and over	410	165	250	55	20	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	7.2	7.0	9.1	9.1	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	6.2	5.6	10.8	11.2	10.3
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	6.7	5.5	12.4	12.7	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.8	8.7	11.6	11.5	11.7
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	2.8	2.0	1.6	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,095	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,040
Official languages	99,790	50,115	49,670	11,510	5,480	6,030
English	27,880	15,470	12,415	8,795	4,210	4,585
French	99,610	50,035	49,580	10,490	4,965	5,530
Non-official languages	4,510	2,135	2,370	640	315	325
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,495	2,125	2,365	640	320	325
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	255	160	45	35	10
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	410	250	160	50	35	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	405	245	160	50	30	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	30	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	15	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	15	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	40	30	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	65	35	25	15	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,380	1,530	1,850	450	220	225
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	255	130	125	80	35	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	130	125	75	30	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	45	10	25	0	20
Russian	55	30	25	20	10	10
Serbian	30	15	15	15	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	335	180	150	35	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	295	170	130	25	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	60	40	20
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	125	55	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bengali	0	0	0	85	40	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	10	0	20	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iranian languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,860	1,240	1,620	145	70	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	80	75	40	10	25
Portuguese	70	45	25	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	10	10	10	0
Spanish	2,720	1,155	1,565	100	55	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	200	100	105	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	30	20	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	25	20	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	40	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	40	40	10	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	85	70	40	25	15
Chinese languages	160	90	75	40	30	15
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	85	75	35	20	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	10	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,045
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	98,755	49,580	49,175	11,425	5,435	5,985
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,665	10,640	10,025	1,975	1,025	950
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,090	38,940	39,150	9,450	4,415	5,040
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,335	660	675	105	55	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,045
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	97,050	48,720	48,335	11,125	5,290	5,835
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,905	1,440	1,465	375	185	190
Before 1981	475	285	195	150	80	75
1981 to 1990	280	135	145	45	25	25
1991 to 2000	435	185	250	80	40	45
2001 to 2010	1,025	495	525	45	25	25
2001 to 2005	480	230	250	45	20	25
2006 to 2010	545	265	285	0	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	685	335	350	55	25	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	130	80	45	25	10	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,905	1,435	1,470	375	185	195
Under 5 years	440	200	240	30	20	10
5 to 14 years	610	345	265	40	20	20
15 to 24 years	470	220	255	100	40	65
25 to 44 years	1,130	545	590	175	95	80
45 years and over	255	130	120	30	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,905	1,440	1,470	375	190	190
Americas	930	455	470	35	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	505	240	270	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	80	55	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	15	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	140	75	75	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	60	80	0	0	0
Europe	890	460	425	160	80	80
Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	45	50	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	10	10	0
France	390	180	210	30	10	15
Germany	65	20	45	10	10	10
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	10	10	0
Netherlands	25	15	10	0	0	10
Poland	15	0	10	10	0	10
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	10	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	225	145	80	10	10	0
Africa	595	330	265	35	10	25
Algeria	45	30	15	10	0	10
Egypt	25	15	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	80	45	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	230	195	0	0	10
Asia	495	195	310	145	75	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	180	60	115	30	15	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	70	20	50	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	40	55	20	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	685	335	350	55	25	30
Americas	110	50	60	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	10	35	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	40	35	10	10	0
France	55	30	25	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	10	10	0
Africa	325	165	165	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	45	30	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	95	110	0	0	10
Asia	180	85	95	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	30	20	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	0	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,040
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,135	1,550	1,585	445	205	240
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,075	1,655	1,420	420	200	215
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	93,880	47,035	46,845	10,665	5,075	5,585
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,460	1,175	1,285	225	110	115
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	750	405	350	105	45	50
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	370	245	130	50	35	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	385	155	230	55	15	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	645	270	370	100	45	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,060	500	555	25	20	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,490	6,045
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,145	600	545	235	85	150
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,080	580	505	215	80	145
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	520	270	250	95	35	60
Métis	525	280	245	120	45	75
Inuk (Inuit)	40	30	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	30	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,945	49,640	49,305	11,295	5,405	5,890
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,485	6,045
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	280	145	130	30	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	99,810	50,095	49,715	11,505	5,475	6,025
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,090	50,245	49,850	11,530	5,490	6,040
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	885	465	415	135	65	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	865	460	405	135	70	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	740	380	370	110	60	50
Métis single ancestry	110	70	40	25	10	15
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,850	1,335	1,515	485	215	265
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,805	1,310	1,490	470	220	255
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,635	1,225	1,410	405	200	210
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	70	80	65	15	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	25	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	96,360	48,440	47,920	10,910	5,200	5,705
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,490	6,045
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,385	1,190	1,200	385	170	210
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	150	60	85
Chinese	235	80	155	40	25	20
Black	700	390	310	75	30	50
Filipino	15	10	10	10	0	10
Latin American	700	330	370	10	10	0
Arab	420	255	160	45	35	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	175	65	110	10	15	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	15	20	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	10	20	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	97,705	49,060	48,650	11,150	5,315	5,835
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,090	50,240	49,850	11,530	5,490	6,045
North American Aboriginal origins	3,730	1,800	1,930	620	285	335
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,440	1,635	1,805	525	255	270
Inuit	40	30	10	10	0	10
Métis	310	165	145	95	30	70
Other North American origins	80,150	40,015	40,135	8,435	4,000	4,430
Acadian	390	185	205	20	10	0
American	540	230	310	70	40	25
Canadian	77,420	38,690	38,730	8,315	3,940	4,375
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	35	0	35
Québécois	2,725	1,315	1,410	85	35	55
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,150	15,335	14,815	5,030	2,390	2,635
British Isles origins	6,440	3,050	3,395	1,780	820	960
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,415	700	715	815	400	415
Irish	4,420	2,040	2,380	950	405	550
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,310	605	710	595	325	270
Welsh	35	0	30	40	20	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	50	35	20	60	30	30
French origins	24,105	12,275	11,830	3,420	1,645	1,785
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	125	65	65	10	10	0
Corsican	20	20	0	0	0	0
French	23,975	12,195	11,780	3,410	1,635	1,780
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,045	1,075	970	330	160	175
Austrian	15	15	0	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	485	260	225	25	10	20
Dutch	125	70	55	50	25	25
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,140	600	545	230	110	120
Luxembourger	15	10	10	25	15	15
Swiss	395	205	190	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	60	90	60	45	20
Danish	25	10	15	10	10	0
Finnish	35	10	20	0	10	0
Icelandic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	30	20	0
Swedish	45	25	20	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	440	230	215	195	80	115
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	10	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	25	30	10	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	100	55	90	35	55
Romanian	55	25	35	10	10	10
Russian	55	25	30	40	15	25
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	60	60	30	10	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Southern European origins	1,500	815	680	330	180	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	65	50	85	50	35
Italian	850	500	355	150	95	50
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	75	65	15	10	10
Serbian	40	30	15	35	15	20
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	275	125	145	35	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	105	65	35	35	10	30
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	20	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	30	20	20	0	25
Caribbean origins	330	200	130	65	20	40
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	10	35	0	0	0
Dominican	55	35	15	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	230	155	75	20	15	0
Jamaican	0	0	10	25	10	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	945	495	450	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Colombian	655	340	315	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	30	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	45	45	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	860	465	395	80	40	45
Central and West African origins	210	130	80	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	85	55	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	0	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	350	210	135	60	30	25
Algerian	110	60	50	10	0	0
Berber	45	30	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	25	30	50	25	20
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	125	75	45	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	40	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	65	75	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	100	50	55	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	70	100	25	10	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	165	70	95	25	10	20
Asian origins	920	420	505	290	130	155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	400	225	175	50	30	20
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	70	40	0	0	10
Armenian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	40	20	10	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	80	50	30	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	15	10	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	15	10	145	60	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	50	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	15	10	40	15	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	500	180	320	90	40	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	105	45	70	0	0	0
Chinese	240	80	165	50	25	20
Filipino	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Laotian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	30	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australian	15	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,335	...	...	5,750	...	...
Owner	27,755	...	...	2,975	...	...
Renter	17,580	...	...	2,770	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,335	...	...	5,750	...	...
Condominium	2,430	...	...	755	...	...
Not condominium	42,905	...	...	4,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
No bedrooms	215	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	6,095	...	...	905	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,135	...	...	2,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,555	...	...	1,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,340	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,535	...	...	2,305	...	...
5 rooms	9,850	...	...	1,135	...	...
6 rooms	5,645	...	...	830	...	...
7 rooms	5,800	...	...	580	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,495	...	...	900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,165	...	...	5,735	...	...
More than 1 person per room	170	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,335	...	...	5,750	...	...
Suitable	44,525	...	...	5,605	...	...
Not suitable	810	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
1960 or before	9,780	...	...	1,475	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,105	...	...	1,755	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,240	...	...	735	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,230	...	...	975	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,170	...	...	290	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,695	...	...	365	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,110	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,070	...	...	5,260	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,260	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,330	...	...	5,745	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,845	...	...	4,000	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,160	...	...	1,685	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	330	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,335	...	...	5,745	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,825	...	...	150	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,250	...	...	570	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,955	...	...	680	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,245	...	...	1,035	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,565	...	...	1,380	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,690	...	...	1,110	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,920	...	...	600	...	...
85 years and over	885	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,765	...	...	5,745	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,780	...	...	3,825	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,980	...	...	1,920	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,400	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,290	...	...	2,980	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.4	...	...	54.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	843	...	...	848	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	889	...	...	928	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	180,207	...	...	170,706	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	204,690	...	...	183,339	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,520	...	...	2,770	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.8	...	...	21.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.7	...	...	51.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	734	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	621	...	...	762	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	82,495	41,170	41,320	9,950	4,680	5,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,165	10,705	9,455	3,155	1,525	1,630
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,560	8,545	10,015	3,125	1,435	1,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,770	21,920	21,855	3,675	1,710	1,965
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,970	11,390	6,580	995	565	435
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	13,095	7,500	5,595	650	310	340
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,880	3,895	985	350	255	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,680	5,915	8,765	1,790	725	1,065
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	835	1,395	190	85	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,885	3,785	5,105	700	340	360
Bachelor's degree	6,500	2,685	3,815	505	230	280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	250	430	70	30	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	190	115	20	10	10
Master's degree	1,245	580	670	80	50	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	80	75	25	25	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,130	26,965	27,165	5,995	2,865	3,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,340	5,345	4,000	1,410	775	635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,915	5,015	5,900	1,935	895	1,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,870	16,610	17,260	2,650	1,195	1,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,200	8,700	5,500	705	360	345
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,550	5,865	4,685	500	220	280
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,655	2,830	820	200	140	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,055	4,420	6,640	1,390	565	820
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,365	525	840	100	50	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,245	2,965	4,280	465	220	250
Bachelor's degree	5,380	2,200	3,180	355	160	190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	140	335	35	20	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	145	105	15	0	10
Master's degree	1,010	425	580	50	25	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	50	70	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,955	4,680	5,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,725	19,250	19,475	6,280	2,970	3,310
Education	3,475	765	2,705	290	95	195
13. Education	3,475	765	2,700	290	95	195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,210	575	635	65	25	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	185	50	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	970	385	580	60	20	45
Humanities	1,880	855	1,025	110	55	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	45	120	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	35	10	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,115	515	600	30	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	25	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	95	55	15	10	15
54. History	100	70	30	20	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	235	80	160	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,950	630	2,320	245	75	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	255	80	175	20	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,180	105	1,080	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	420	100	320	65	40	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	135	20	120	0	0	10
42. Psychology	510	85	425	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	420	240	175	40	25	20
Business, management and public administration	9,245	2,770	6,475	755	220	535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	15	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	370	65	300	100	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,865	2,690	6,170	660	215	445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	440	330	35	20	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	85	145	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	95	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	130	65	65	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	215	170	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	25	30	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,035	705	335	90	60	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	905	650	260	70	50	20
25. Library science	80	25	60	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	20	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,105	11,385	725	860	825	40
04. Architecture and related services	160	115	45	15	0	10
14. Engineering	915	820	90	110	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	1,995	285	130	120	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,925	2,830	95	190	190	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,805	2,760	40	310	305	0
48. Precision production	3,040	2,870	170	100	90	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,500	925	570	45	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,270	740	525	25	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	185	45	15	15	0
Health and related fields	5,460	1,000	4,455	710	85	630
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	160	120	20	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs	5,115	800	4,310	690	80	610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	35	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,115	1,855	2,260	470	220	245
12. Personal and culinary services	2,495	465	2,030	285	75	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	585	450	130	100	65	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,025	925	100	75	75	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,130	26,965	27,165	5,995	2,865	3,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,260	10,355	9,905	3,340	1,665	1,675
Education	2,290	515	1,780	160	45	120
13. Education	2,290	515	1,780	165	40	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	915	455	465	60	20	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	190	155	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	725	295	430	55	20	35
Humanities	1,195	555	640	55	25	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	20	100	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	25	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	670	340	335	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	55	45	0	10	0
54. History	80	50	35	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	50	95	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,405	450	1,955	165	45	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	50	155	10	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,045	80	965	65	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	340	85	255	50	30	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	105	10	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	390	60	330	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	290	170	125	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	7,475	2,050	5,420	565	155	410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	40	260	85	10	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,165	2,010	5,160	480	155	320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	500	275	230	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	65	125	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	60	30	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	15	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	165	120	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	15	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	910	610	300	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	820	580	235	55	35	20
25. Library science	65	15	45	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,320	8,680	640	595	560	30
04. Architecture and related services	130	95	35	20	10	15
14. Engineering	760	680	75	80	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,860	1,585	275	95	90	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,075	2,010	65	115	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,190	2,145	45	230	230	0
48. Precision production	2,310	2,165	150	55	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,275	765	510	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,075	610	460	15	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	150	45	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,240	795	3,450	540	65	465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	140	90	20	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,965	620	3,345	520	60	455
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	30	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,325	1,450	1,875	400	195	205
12. Personal and culinary services	1,940	270	1,670	235	65	170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	490	365	125	90	60	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	885	805	85	75	65	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,955	4,680	5,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,730	19,255	19,470	6,280	2,965	3,310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	43,765	21,920	21,850	3,675	1,710	1,965
Location of study inside Canada	43,010	21,475	21,530	3,485	1,605	1,880
Same as province or territory of residence	42,555	21,235	21,325	2,520	1,155	1,360
Different than province or territory of residence	455	245	205	970	450	515
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	765	440	320	185	105	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	70	35	40	25	15
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	30	20	10	10	0
France	225	140	85	20	15	10
Other	385	200	180	85	40	40
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,130	26,965	27,165	5,995	2,860	3,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,255	10,355	9,905	3,340	1,665	1,670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,870	16,610	17,260	2,650	1,195	1,455
Location of study inside Canada	33,250	16,275	16,975	2,535	1,140	1,400
Same as province or territory of residence	32,935	16,115	16,825	1,900	850	1,050
Different than province or territory of residence	315	165	150	640	285	350
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	620	330	290	120	60	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	30	25	25	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	25	20	10	10	0
France	175	100	70	10	10	0
Other	340	165	165	60	30	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	82,495	41,170	41,320	9,955	4,680	5,270
In the labour force	52,925	28,115	24,810	5,205	2,625	2,580
Employed	49,320	25,980	23,340	4,715	2,355	2,365
Unemployed	3,605	2,130	1,470	490	270	220
Not in the labour force	29,570	13,060	16,510	4,745	2,055	2,690
Participation rate	64.2	68.3	60.0	52.3	56.1	49.0
Employment rate	59.8	63.1	56.5	47.4	50.3	44.9
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.6	5.9	9.4	10.3	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	82,495	41,170	41,325	9,950	4,680	5,275
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,735	12,085	15,650	4,705	2,000	2,705
Worked	54,765	29,085	25,675	5,250	2,680	2,570
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,350	15,060	11,290	2,440	1,340	1,100
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,410	14,030	14,380	2,810	1,340	1,470
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.2	42.8	42.2	42.1	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,925	28,110	24,810	5,210	2,625	2,580
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	555	625	170	60	115
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	5,040	2,570	2,470
Employee	45,890	24,045	21,845	4,540	2,275	2,265
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,855	3,510	2,345	500	295	210
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,925	28,115	24,810	5,205	2,625	2,585
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	560	625	165	60	110
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	5,040	2,570	2,470
0 Management occupations	4,825	3,120	1,710	355	170	185
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,755	1,965	4,790	535	125	405
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,495	1,905	585	185	155	30
3 Health occupations	3,300	525	2,770	430	55	370
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,430	1,280	4,150	470	140	335
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,045	485	560	70	55	20
6 Sales and service occupations	11,830	4,685	7,145	1,655	730	930
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,850	9,230	625	825	760	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,255	850	405	80	80	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,950	3,500	1,455	430	305	125
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,925	28,110	24,810	5,210	2,625	2,580
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	560	625	170	55	110
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	5,040	2,565	2,470
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,105	1,375	735	50	35	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	100	30	20	20	0
22 Utilities	195	160	35	10	10	10
23 Construction	3,555	3,155	405	340	295	50
31-33 Manufacturing	10,855	7,825	3,035	810	615	200
41 Wholesale trade	2,550	1,750	800	115	90	25
44-45 Retail trade	6,565	2,880	3,685	985	425	560
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,530	1,995	535	180	135	45
51 Information and cultural industries	420	270	150	60	25	35
52 Finance and insurance	1,265	395	870	65	25	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	410	245	170	30	20	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,150	1,135	1,015	170	80	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,475	875	595	200	130	70
61 Educational services	3,270	830	2,440	325	105	215
62 Health care and social assistance	5,795	840	4,960	710	115	590
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	675	380	295	50	25	25
72 Accommodation and food services	3,600	1,140	2,460	460	195	265
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,385	1,255	1,125	245	105	145
91 Public administration	1,810	955	850	215	115	90
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	49,325	25,980	23,340	4,715	2,355	2,360
Worked at home	3,225	1,650	1,575	165	60	110
Worked outside Canada	55	45	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,760	2,975	780	360	280	80
Worked at usual place	42,290	21,310	20,980	4,185	2,010	2,175
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,285	21,310	20,980	4,180	2,010	2,175
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,455	12,820	13,630	2,270	950	1,315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,565	5,015	4,550	845	470	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,235	3,445	2,790	335	195	135
Commute to a different province or territory	35	20	10	735	395	340
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	46,045	24,290	21,760	4,540	2,290	2,255
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,300	21,950	19,350	3,720	1,880	1,835
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,570	710	860	315	160	155
Public transit	390	125	265	60	30	30
Walked	1,975	1,000	975	365	155	205
Bicycle	435	315	115	30	30	10
Other method	380	190	190	55	35	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	46,045	24,285	21,765	4,545	2,290	2,255
Less than 15 minutes	22,435	11,525	10,915	2,740	1,240	1,500
15 to 29 minutes	15,630	8,055	7,580	880	460	420
30 to 44 minutes	4,045	2,160	1,885	365	230	140
45 to 59 minutes	1,960	1,160	800	245	155	90
60 minutes and over	1,975	1,390	590	305	205	110
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	46,045	24,285	21,760	4,545	2,290	2,250
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,565	2,005	555	415	290	125
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,995	6,105	2,895	810	510	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,840	7,980	7,860	1,310	640	675
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,795	2,675	5,120	775	275	500
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,405	1,120	2,280	395	125	270
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,450	4,400	3,055	840	450	385
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,125	29,805	26,320	5,445	2,800	2,645
Single responses	55,095	29,165	25,925	4,810	2,485	2,325
Official languages	55,040	29,155	25,880	4,800	2,470	2,325
English	875	555	320	1,065	625	440
French	54,160	28,600	25,560	3,730	1,845	1,885
Non-official languages	55	10	45	10	15	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	10	45	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	10	30	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	0	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,030	640	395	635	315	320
English and French	955	600	350	630	315	315
English and non-official language	0	0	10	10	10	10
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,125	29,805	26,320	5,445	2,800	2,650
None	48,245	25,185	23,060	2,285	1,210	1,075
English	7,030	4,140	2,885	2,480	1,190	1,290
French	640	385	255	675	390	275
Non-official language	155	75	80	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	75	80	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	20	40	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,020	49,780	49,240	11,450	5,450	6,000
Non-movers	86,050	43,355	42,695	9,685	4,655	5,030
Movers	12,965	6,430	6,540	1,765	795	965
Non-migrants	8,100	4,010	4,090	1,130	535	595
Migrants	4,870	2,415	2,455	635	260	375
Internal migrants	4,600	2,280	2,315	615	250	360
Intraprovincial migrants	4,535	2,255	2,280	420	150	270
Interprovincial migrants	65	30	40	190	100	85
External migrants	270	135	140	20	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,395	47,420	46,980	11,105	5,275	5,830
Non-movers	59,695	30,125	29,575	6,595	3,150	3,445
Movers	34,695	17,290	17,405	4,515	2,130	2,385
Non-migrants	20,985	10,460	10,525	2,555	1,195	1,360
Migrants	13,720	6,840	6,880	1,955	935	1,020
Internal migrants	13,085	6,575	6,505	1,885	905	980
Intraprovincial migrants	12,845	6,445	6,400	1,200	580	625
Interprovincial migrants	245	135	105	685	330	360
External migrants	630	260	370	65	30	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Hawkesbury [Census agglomeration], Ontario/Quebec