Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec and White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Denis, RPC Quebec [Designated place]			White Rock British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec Map : Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,130	...	...	93,729	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,152 ^r	...	...	85,062^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.9	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	567	...	...	41,249	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	528	...	...	38,780	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	798.1	...	...	1,750.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.42	...	...	53.54	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,130	580	550	93,730	43,840	49,890
0 to 14 years	175	90	80	13,275	6,800	6,480
0 to 4 years	55	30	30	3,855	2,010	1,850
5 to 9 years	60	35	25	4,565	2,320	2,245
10 to 14 years	55	30	25	4,855	2,470	2,385
15 to 64 years	715	370	345	56,795	26,660	30,140
15 to 19 years	60	35	20	5,415	2,740	2,670
20 to 24 years	40	25	20	4,320	2,210	2,110
25 to 29 years	50	25	30	3,575	1,735	1,845
30 to 34 years	50	30	15	4,045	1,890	2,160
35 to 39 years	75	40	40	4,680	2,070	2,615
40 to 44 years	55	30	25	6,090	2,760	3,325
45 to 49 years	65	30	40	6,825	3,140	3,680
50 to 54 years	95	50	45	7,290	3,410	3,880
55 to 59 years	95	50	45	7,220	3,365	3,855
60 to 64 years	120	60	65	7,335	3,340	3,995
65 years and over	245	120	125	23,655	10,380	13,275
65 to 69 years	85	40	40	7,215	3,295	3,920
70 to 74 years	75	40	30	5,520	2,625	2,900
75 to 79 years	40	20	20	4,005	1,830	2,170
80 to 84 years	30	10	15	2,995	1,295	1,700
85 years and over	30	10	15	3,925	1,340	2,580
85 to 89 years	20	5	10	2,225	855	1,370
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	1,260	385	875
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	380	95	290
100 years and over	0	0	0	55	5	55
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	15.5	14.5	14.2	15.5	13.0
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.8	62.7	60.6	60.8	60.4
65 years and over	21.7	20.7	22.7	25.2	23.7	26.6
85 years and over	2.7	1.7	2.7	4.2	3.1	5.2
Average age of the population	45.1	44.0	46.4	46.3	44.9	47.6
Median age of the population	49.3	47.5	50.8	49.0	47.7	50.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	525	...	...	38,780	...	...
Single-detached house	385	...	...	18,000	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,395	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	125	...	...	19,360	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,455	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	5,705	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	3,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	100	...	...	8,865	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	530	...	...	38,780	...	...
1 person	190	...	...	11,140	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	14,320	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	5,650	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	5,185	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	2,485	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,115	...	...	91,130	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	955	490	470	80,455	37,040	43,410
Married or living common law	535	270	265	49,505	24,505	24,995
Married	295	150	150	44,475	22,000	22,480
Living common law	240	120	115	5,030	2,510	2,515
Not married and not living common law	425	220	205	30,950	12,535	18,415
Never married	260	155	105	16,955	8,645	8,305
Separated	15	5	5	1,955	735	1,225
Divorced	85	40	45	6,165	1,975	4,190
Widowed	60	15	50	5,875	1,175	4,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	325	...	...	27,565	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	15,115	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	5,655	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	5,210	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	1,585	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	325	...	...	27,565	...	...
Total couple families	265	...	...	23,865	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	21,350	...	...
Common-law couples	120	...	...	2,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	65	...	...	3,700	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	3,020	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	23,865	...	...
Couples without children	160	...	...	12,730	...	...
Couples with children	105	...	...	11,130	...	...
1 child	45	...	...	4,560	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	5,025	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	1,550	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	3,705	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	2,385	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,090	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	245	125	120	14,830	5,505	9,320
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	530	...	...	38,780	...	...
One-census-family households	310	...	...	25,945	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	150	...	...	11,965	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	160	...	...	13,980	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	790	...	...
Non-census-family households	210	...	...	12,045	...	...
One-person households	190	...	...	11,140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	905	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,125	580	550	92,115	43,340	48,780
English only	0	0	0	82,280	39,045	43,240
French only	780	385	395	20	10	10
English and French	345	190	155	7,310	3,165	4,145
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,500	1,125	1,380
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,125	575	550	92,115	43,340	48,775
English	15	5	5	88,305	41,670	46,635
French	1,115	570	545	960	390	570
English and French	0	0	0	395	175	220
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,455	1,105	1,350
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10	5	5	1,160	480	680
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.1	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,125	575	550	92,115	43,340	48,775
Single responses	1,120	575	545	90,565	42,630	47,935
Official languages	1,115	575	540	67,385	32,180	35,205
English	10	5	5	66,365	31,760	34,605
French	1,100	570	535	1,025	420	595
Non-official languages	10	5	10	23,180	10,445	12,730
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	23,165	10,445	12,725
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	95	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	95	100
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	165	80	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	50	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	755	210	545
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	5	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	630	170	460
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	9,265	4,275	5,000
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,935	835	1,105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,910	825	1,085
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	175	80	95
Czech	0	0	0	145	60	85
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	380	165	215
Russian	0	0	5	520	225	300
Serbian	0	0	0	200	95	105
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	5	20
Slovak	0	0	0	70	30	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	290	115	175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,265	1,605
Afrikaans	0	0	0	120	50	65
Danish	0	0	0	210	100	110
Dutch	0	0	0	535	245	295
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	1,830	795	1,035
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Swedish	0	0	0	70	20	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	160	90	75
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,685	1,305	1,380
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,475	1,195	1,275
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	105	50	60
Hindi	0	0	0	250	110	140
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,820	885	930
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	225	115	105
Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	110	105
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	205	100	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	1,540	745	795
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	395	225	175
Portuguese	0	0	5	215	95	120
Romanian	0	0	0	175	90	90
Spanish	5	5	0	750	335	420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	265	90	175
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,270	535	730
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10,590	4,885	5,700
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10,570	4,880	5,690
Cantonese	0	0	0	880	405	470
Hakka	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	8,995	4,150	4,845
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	350	165	185
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	100	50	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	80	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	400	175	225
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Finnish	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hungarian	0	0	0	225	100	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	5	5	0	1,555	710	845
English and French	5	5	5	150	65	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,330	610	720
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,125	580	550	92,115	43,335	48,775
Single responses	1,120	580	545	88,655	41,760	46,900
Official languages	1,120	580	545	75,940	35,925	40,020
English	5	0	0	75,720	35,835	39,890
French	1,120	575	540	220	90	125
Non-official languages	0	0	0	12,715	5,835	6,880
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	12,715	5,835	6,880
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	70	30	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	205	75	125
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	180	65	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,640	1,255	1,390
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	650	305	345
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	650	305	345
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	45	25	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	100	45	50
Russian	0	0	0	275	130	145
Serbian	0	0	0	90	45	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	280	130	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	20	30
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	170	75	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,140	540	600
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,050	490	555
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	70	35	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	830	395	440
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	85	40	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	85	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	505	245	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	30	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Spanish	0	0	0	315	150	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	960	410	550
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	8,455	3,890	4,565
Chinese languages	0	0	0	8,450	3,885	4,560
Cantonese	0	0	0	480	215	260
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	7,575	3,480	4,090
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	180	80	100
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	70	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	60	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	3,455	1,580	1,880
English and French	0	0	0	85	40	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	3,315	1,515	1,800
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,125	575	545	92,115	43,340	48,780
None	1,085	560	525	79,945	37,875	42,070
English	35	15	15	5,140	2,380	2,755
French	0	0	5	840	360	485
Non-official language	5	0	0	6,010	2,650	3,365
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	6,000	2,645	3,355
English and French	0	0	0	25	5	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	35	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	30	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	940	485	455	77,875	36,210	41,665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	910	470	445	74,765	34,715	40,045
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,392	35,200	27,712	38,896	49,325	31,882
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	910	465	445	74,870	34,800	40,065
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,736	31,072	25,920	34,444	42,633	28,901
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	795	410	380	69,915	32,755	37,155
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,904	33,280	22,976	35,079	46,306	27,410
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	735	350	385	51,035	20,535	30,505
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,869	8,224	9,328	6,933	8,348	6,327
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	615	335	285	52,210	25,825	26,385
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,784	35,328	24,416	32,877	43,299	26,302
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	970	485	490	77,895	36,285	41,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	950	470	480	74,925	34,905	40,020
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,546	47,121	30,104	56,269	70,928	43,485
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	950	470	475	75,010	34,970	40,040
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,319	38,300	26,431	45,155	55,172	36,407
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	840	435	405	70,085	32,825	37,265
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,221	44,505	25,368	54,307	70,107	40,391
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	730	325	400	51,235	20,850	30,380
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,587	8,957	10,101	7,996	8,370	7,740
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	660	355	305	52,270	25,775	26,505
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,094	44,289	28,772	51,626	65,793	37,849
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	975	485	490	77,895	36,285	41,610
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	330	185	145	20,435	11,775	8,650
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,055	58,168	36,423	65,728	76,022	55,292
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,153	61,868	42,055	83,204	97,109	64,280
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.2	83.6	72.0	90.3	93.1	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.4	70.4	55.9	63.3	67.7	56.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.9	15.9	27.6	9.7	6.9	13.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	940	480	460	77,875	36,205	41,665
Without total income	30	10	15	3,105	1,485	1,620
With total income	910	465	445	74,765	34,720	40,050
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.7	96.0	95.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	100	45	50	10,840	4,260	6,575
$10,000 to $19,999	190	85	110	10,705	3,915	6,790
$20,000 to $29,999	145	65	80	9,080	3,360	5,715
$30,000 to $39,999	140	65	75	7,630	3,040	4,585
$40,000 to $49,999	120	60	65	6,860	2,955	3,905
$50,000 to $59,999	70	30	40	5,735	2,655	3,085
$60,000 to $69,999	45	35	10	4,730	2,400	2,335
$70,000 to $79,999	30	25	10	3,805	2,070	1,735
$80,000 to $89,999	20	20	5	3,210	1,755	1,460
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	2,385	1,425	960
$100,000 and over	25	25	0	9,795	6,885	2,910
$100,000 to $149,999	20	20	5	5,765	3,830	1,940
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	4,025	3,055	970
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	940	480	455	77,870	36,205	41,665
Without after-tax income	30	15	15	3,005	1,405	1,600
With after-tax income	910	465	445	74,865	34,800	40,070
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.9	97.8	96.1	96.1	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	105	50	55	11,580	4,560	7,020
$10,000 to $19,999	205	90	110	11,365	4,265	7,100
$20,000 to $29,999	175	85	90	10,520	3,975	6,540
$30,000 to $39,999	195	95	100	8,935	3,670	5,265
$40,000 to $49,999	105	50	55	7,730	3,455	4,280
$50,000 to $59,999	65	45	15	6,200	3,155	3,050
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	4,735	2,640	2,100
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	3,720	2,090	1,625
$80,000 and over	20	15	0	10,080	6,985	3,095
$80,000 to $89,999	5	10	0	2,510	1,555	960
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	1,710	1,125	585
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	5,860	4,310	1,550
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	940	485	460	77,875	36,205	41,665
Without employment income	320	145	180	25,665	10,380	15,280
With employment income	620	335	285	52,210	25,825	26,385
Percentage with employment income	66.0	69.1	62.0	67.0	71.3	63.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	55	35	10,360	4,660	5,700
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	30	3,875	1,615	2,260
$10,000 to $19,999	85	30	50	5,990	2,545	3,455
$20,000 to $29,999	75	30	45	4,620	1,940	2,680
$30,000 to $39,999	105	55	50	4,085	1,595	2,485
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	30	3,805	1,595	2,210
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	15	3,190	1,465	1,725
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	10	2,860	1,470	1,390
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	5	2,580	1,420	1,160
$80,000 and over	45	40	10	10,840	7,520	3,320
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	2,245	1,235	1,010
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	1,685	1,055	625
$100,000 and over	15	15	0	6,910	5,225	1,685
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	530	...	...	38,780	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,048	...	...	78,821	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,248	...	...	68,196	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	190	...	...	11,140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,064	...	...	41,143	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,600	...	...	36,305	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	340	...	...	27,640	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,104	...	...	101,414	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,824	...	...	86,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	545	...	...	38,750	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,387	...	...	108,794	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,501	...	...	87,403	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	11,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,162	...	...	53,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,736	...	...	43,782	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	365	...	...	27,635	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,926	...	...	130,987	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,868	...	...	104,940	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	530	...	...	38,780	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	750	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	820	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1,295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	1,580	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	1,295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	1,455	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	1,475	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	1,465	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	1,400	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	2,690	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	2,595	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	2,365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	2,115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	1,915	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	15,125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	3,940	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	2,940	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	3,660	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	4,580	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	530	...	...	38,780	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	880	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	845	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	1,350	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1,785	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	1,620	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	1,745	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	1,805	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	1,710	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	1,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	3,150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	2,910	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	2,645	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	1,975	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	11,945	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	3,985	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	2,650	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	5,300	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	325	...	...	27,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,976	...	...	101,196	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,824	...	...	86,542	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	11,825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,336	...	...	94,187	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,632	...	...	81,063	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	11,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	129,781	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	109,562	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	3,480	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,808	...	...	55,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,760	...	...	50,227	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	360	...	...	27,105	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,215	...	...	130,393	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,155	...	...	104,331	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	11,775	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,920	...	...	123,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,643	...	...	99,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	11,255	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,201	...	...	158,054	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,437	...	...	124,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	3,460	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,096	...	...	66,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,862	...	...	56,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	230	120	110	13,420	5,000	8,420
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,184	29,120	29,632	38,921	41,704	37,385
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,880	26,944	26,816	34,399	36,724	33,323
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	200	95	105	13,340	5,025	8,310
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,086	54,943	28,928	51,115	57,415	47,307
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,412	41,529	26,291	41,928	45,583	39,718
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,115	570	540	91,130	42,990	48,135
In the bottom half of the distribution	710	365	340	36,775	16,410	20,365
In the bottom decile	95	55	40	9,250	4,205	5,045
In the second decile	170	70	95	7,475	3,120	4,360
In the third decile	150	70	80	6,330	2,815	3,515
In the fourth decile	150	80	65	6,680	3,025	3,660
In the fifth decile	140	80	60	7,035	3,240	3,800
In the top half of the distribution	405	205	195	54,355	26,585	27,765
In the sixth decile	165	80	85	7,660	3,570	4,095
In the seventh decile	110	55	55	8,675	4,100	4,575
In the eighth decile	80	45	40	9,785	4,770	5,015
In the ninth decile	30	20	10	11,435	5,670	5,765
In the top decile	25	15	10	16,800	8,480	8,320
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,115	575	535	91,130	42,995	48,135
0 to 17 years	215	115	90	16,615	8,470	8,145
0 to 5 years	70	35	35	4,700	2,440	2,260
18 to 64 years	665	345	325	53,080	24,765	28,315
65 years and over	230	110	120	21,435	9,760	11,675
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	180	90	95	13,010	5,725	7,285
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	3,165	1,595	1,570
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	780	405	380
18 to 64 years	100	50	55	7,650	3,345	4,300
65 years and over	45	20	25	2,190	785	1,410
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.1	15.7	17.8	14.3	13.3	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	16.3	17.4	16.7	19.0	18.8	19.3
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	14.3	14.3	16.6	16.6	16.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.0	14.5	16.9	14.4	13.5	15.2
65 years and over (%)	19.6	18.2	20.8	10.2	8.0	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	40	25	7,720	3,535	4,180
0 to 17 years	10	5	0	2,015	1,025	990
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	490	255	230
18 to 64 years	50	30	25	5,105	2,285	2,825
65 years and over	5	5	0	595	230	370
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	7.0	4.7	8.5	8.2	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	4.3	0.0	12.1	12.1	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	0.0	0.0	10.4	10.5	10.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	8.7	7.7	9.6	9.2	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.2	4.5	0.0	2.8	2.4	3.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,105
Official languages	1,135	570	565	88,580	41,865	46,720
English	340	185	155	88,560	41,860	46,700
French	1,135	570	560	7,380	3,160	4,220
Non-official languages	45	25	25	27,895	12,580	15,315
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	27,875	12,580	15,295
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	360	190	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	290	150	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	35	25
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	100	45	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	1,080	300	775
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	0	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	35	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	995	265	730
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	40	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	35	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	25	12,560	5,705	6,850
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,310	1,000	1,310
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,290	995	1,295
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Croatian	0	0	0	295	120	170
Czech	0	0	0	220	90	130
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	435	175	265
Russian	0	0	0	740	340	395
Serbian	0	0	0	210	100	115
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	150	55	95
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	325	125	205
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,615	2,005
Afrikaans	0	0	0	295	135	160
Danish	0	0	0	205	80	125
Dutch	0	0	0	575	275	295
Frisian	0	0	0	15	0	10
German	0	0	0	2,400	1,065	1,335
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Swedish	0	0	0	140	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	240	135	110
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,495	1,710	1,785
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,280	1,595	1,685
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	225	95	130
Hindi	0	0	0	865	420	445
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,380	1,175	1,205
Sindhi	0	0	0	65	20	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	445	235	210
Iranian languages	0	0	0	215	115	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	195	100	95
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	3,240	1,430	1,810
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	690	375	315
Portuguese	0	0	0	295	135	160
Romanian	0	0	0	165	70	95
Spanish	40	20	20	2,220	905	1,320
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	540	250	290
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,350	600	755
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	25	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	100	35	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	80	30	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	11,560	5,375	6,185
Chinese languages	0	0	0	11,550	5,370	6,175
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,220	555	665
Hakka	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mandarin	0	0	0	10,675	4,945	5,730
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	435	200	240
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	150	70	80
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	85	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	560	215	345
Estonian	0	0	0	100	30	70
Finnish	0	0	0	165	75	90
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	105	195
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,100
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,120	565	555	82,190	39,020	43,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	200	110	90	14,585	7,475	7,105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	920	455	470	67,605	31,535	36,065
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15	0	10	8,865	3,930	4,925
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,105
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,100	550	550	62,485	30,010	32,475
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	35	15	15	27,210	12,390	14,820
Before 1981	0	10	0	9,445	4,340	5,105
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	2,245	960	1,285
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	4,240	1,945	2,300
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	6,960	3,170	3,785
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	3,265	1,515	1,745
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	3,695	1,655	2,040
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	4,320	1,980	2,340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,350	550	800
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	35	20	15	27,210	12,390	14,820
Under 5 years	0	10	0	2,780	1,345	1,435
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	5,005	2,420	2,585
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	5,135	2,210	2,925
25 to 44 years	25	15	10	11,905	5,195	6,705
45 years and over	0	0	0	2,385	1,220	1,170
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	20	15	27,210	12,390	14,825
Americas	0	0	0	2,385	960	1,430
Brazil	0	0	0	70	30	40
Colombia	0	0	0	40	0	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	20	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	100	40	60
Mexico	0	0	0	225	80	140
Peru	0	0	0	50	15	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	55	30	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,495	595	905
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	295	140	155
Europe	30	20	10	9,520	4,485	5,035
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	100	45	60
Croatia	0	0	0	160	65	95
France	25	15	10	90	45	45
Germany	0	0	0	1,045	430	610
Greece	0	0	0	115	60	45
Hungary	0	0	0	190	80	110
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	200	100	100
Italy	0	0	0	260	155	100
Netherlands	0	0	0	445	215	225
Poland	0	0	0	355	120	230
Portugal	0	0	0	90	45	40
Romania	0	0	0	160	60	100
Russian Federation	0	0	0	250	115	140
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	80	40	45
Ukraine	0	0	0	205	95	115
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	4,615	2,325	2,295
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,170	495	675
Africa	0	0	0	1,005	510	495
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	15	25
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	90	45	50
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	15	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	520	275	245
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	280	140	135
Asia	0	0	0	13,880	6,260	7,625
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	15	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	7,010	3,235	3,775
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	415	190	230
India	0	0	0	1,375	690	685
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	140	85	50
Iraq	0	0	0	50	15	35
Japan	0	0	0	160	30	135
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	1,065	470	595
Lebanon	0	0	0	80	40	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	305	150	155
Philippines	0	0	0	945	270	675
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,515	680	840
Viet Nam	0	0	0	115	45	70
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	605	325	285
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	415	185	230
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	4,320	1,980	2,340
Americas	0	0	0	240	95	140
Brazil	0	0	0	35	10	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15
Europe	10	0	10	315	160	155
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	55	20	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	170	105	70
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	25	35
Africa	0	0	0	135	80	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	90	60	30
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	20	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	3,605	1,620	1,985
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	2,675	1,250	1,425
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	40	15	25
India	0	0	0	105	60	45
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	25	0	15
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	220	100	120
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	40	40
Philippines	0	0	0	255	70	185
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	100	25	75
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	20	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Australia	0	0	0	15	20	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,100
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	35	20	20	29,330	13,335	16,000
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	60	20	45	22,325	10,665	11,655
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,035	535	505	39,395	18,950	20,445
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	25	10	15	18,125	8,195	9,930
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	10	15	13,420	6,340	7,085
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	4,830	3,115	1,715
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	10	8,590	3,225	5,370
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	3,950	1,485	2,465
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	660	345	315
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	100	30	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,130	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,100
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	10	10	1,950	800	1,155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	10	1,900	780	1,125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	870	320	545
Métis	15	0	0	1,020	455	565
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,125	565	560	89,100	42,155	46,950
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,100
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	460	155	305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,135	570	565	90,590	42,795	47,795
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,135	570	560	91,050	42,950	48,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	0	10	220	65	155
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	0	10	200	60	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	10	155	45	110
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	45	15	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	25	20	0	2,410	1,025	1,385
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	20	0	2,340	990	1,350
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	0	1,360	535	820
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	970	445	525
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,090	540	545	88,425	41,860	46,555
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,945	48,105
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	10	23,440	10,825	12,615
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	4,795	2,345	2,445
Chinese	0	0	0	12,495	5,860	6,635
Black	10	0	0	630	340	290
Filipino	0	0	0	1,310	405	900
Latin American	0	0	0	610	245	365
Arab	0	0	0	250	125	130
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	340	125	210
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	180	90	90
Korean	0	0	0	1,445	645	800
Japanese	0	0	0	600	275	330
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	225	100	120
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	575	265	310
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,130	570	555	67,610	32,125	35,485
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,135	570	565	91,050	42,950	48,100
North American Aboriginal origins	45	30	20	2,630	1,085	1,540
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	25	15	1,595	620	975
Inuit	0	0	0	20	10	15
Métis	10	0	10	1,100	495	605
Other North American origins	835	420	415	17,330	8,250	9,080
Acadian	0	0	0	55	35	25
American	10	0	10	1,670	770	895
Canadian	795	395	405	16,220	7,745	8,475
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	30	15	20	10	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	410	210	200	64,200	30,455	33,745
British Isles origins	95	60	35	44,515	21,360	23,145
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	10
English	10	0	0	28,430	13,320	15,110
Irish	65	40	20	15,010	7,115	7,895
Manx	0	0	0	35	15	20
Scottish	30	15	10	18,790	9,245	9,540
Welsh	0	0	0	2,355	1,140	1,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,005	1,515	1,495
French origins	335	175	160	7,545	3,515	4,035
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	15	10	10
French	335	175	160	7,545	3,510	4,035
Western European origins (except French origins)	25	0	25	17,275	8,180	9,090
Austrian	0	0	0	1,215	600	620
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0	470	215	255
Dutch	10	0	0	3,910	1,880	2,030
Flemish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	50	15	35
German	15	0	10	12,500	5,860	6,640
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swiss	0	0	0	655	320	335
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	7,570	3,590	3,980
Danish	0	0	0	1,295	580	705
Finnish	0	0	0	740	355	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	820	425	400
Norwegian	0	0	0	3,000	1,435	1,565
Swedish	0	0	0	2,240	1,065	1,175
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	280	135	140
Eastern European origins	10	0	10	13,040	6,100	6,945
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	50	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Czech	0	0	0	555	225	330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	225	130	95
Estonian	0	0	0	200	70	130
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,255	490	770
Latvian	0	0	0	90	30	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	115	35	80
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,905
Romanian	0	0	0	730	335	395
Russian	0	0	0	2,385	1,115	1,275
Slovak	0	0	0	410	175	230
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,595	2,720	2,870
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	40	40
Southern European origins	30	10	15	6,570	3,185	3,380
Albanian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	120	45	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	530	280	255
Cypriot	0	0	0	35	30	10
Greek	0	0	0	675	335	335
Italian	25	10	20	3,215	1,625	1,595
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	95	60	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	730	365	365
Serbian	0	0	0	275	135	140
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	95	60	35
Spanish	0	0	0	1,060	365	695
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	145	70	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	575	290	285
Basque	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	310	165	150
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	235	120	120
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	565	270	300
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	25	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	265	115	145
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	25	0	30
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,110	480	635
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	85	45	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Chilean	0	0	0	80	40	35
Colombian	0	0	0	55	15	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	55	15	35
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	575	250	325
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	15	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	20	10
African origins	20	0	10	1,110	590	515
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	85	35	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins	10	0	10	130	80	45
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	90	60	30
Libyan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	15	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	615	335	275
Afrikaner	0	0	0	25	15	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	0
South African	0	0	0	440	250	190
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	75	20	55
Other African origins	0	0	0	300	155	150
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	55	25	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	250	125	125
Asian origins	10	0	0	22,865	10,575	12,290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	0	1,100	550	545
Afghan	0	0	0	65	20	40
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Armenian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	300	170	125
Iraqi	0	0	0	70	30	40
Israeli	0	0	0	30	10	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	20	20	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	330	165	155
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	20	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	40	30	0
Turk	0	0	0	60	35	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	15	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	4,925	2,430	2,495
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	4,085	2,005	2,085
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	355	190	170
Punjabi	0	0	0	345	170	180
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	30	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	175	65	110
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	16,975	7,655	9,315
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0	12,490	5,855	6,635
Filipino	0	0	0	1,480	485	990
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Japanese	0	0	0	820	380	435
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,475	655	815
Laotian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	115	45	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	770	325	450
Thai	0	0	0	50	15	35
Tibetan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	140	65	80
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	655	265	390
Australian	0	0	0	285	110	175
New Zealander	0	0	0	145	60	85
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	235	95	145
Fijian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Hawaiian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	75	30	45
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Samoan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	545	...	...	38,750	...	...
Owner	385	...	...	30,935	...	...
Renter	160	...	...	7,815	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	540	...	...	38,755	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	12,125	...	...
Not condominium	530	...	...	26,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	545	...	...	38,750	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	85	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	4,230	...	...
2 bedrooms	170	...	...	11,600	...	...
3 bedrooms	200	...	...	11,185	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	11,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	545	...	...	38,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	150	...	...	10,030	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	5,975	...	...
6 rooms	90	...	...	5,525	...	...
7 rooms	65	...	...	4,440	...	...
8 or more rooms	105	...	...	12,790	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	545	...	...	38,755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	545	...	...	38,395	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	545	...	...	38,755	...	...
Suitable	530	...	...	37,890	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	540	...	...	38,755	...	...
1960 or before	265	...	...	2,075	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	8,040	...	...
1981 to 1990	75	...	...	8,770	...	...
1991 to 2000	25	...	...	6,730	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	3,435	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	4,625	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	5,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	545	...	...	38,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	515	...	...	37,295	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	1,460	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	545	...	...	38,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	355	...	...	22,970	...	...
2 household maintainers	190	...	...	15,065	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	540	...	...	38,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	340	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	2,840	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	5,515	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	7,820	...	...
55 to 64 years	165	...	...	8,495	...	...
65 to 74 years	100	...	...	7,655	...	...
75 to 84 years	45	...	...	4,265	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	1,820	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	540	...	...	38,640	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	460	...	...	28,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	10,580	...	...
30% to less than 100%	75	...	...	8,090	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	385	...	...	30,915	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.9	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.2	...	...	22.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	961	...	...	1,135	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	1,585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,758	...	...	897,222	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	243,070	...	...	1,029,339	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	7,820	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.5	...	...	12.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.2	...	...	46.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	618	...	...	1,203	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	649	...	...	1,382	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	975	480	490	77,895	36,285	41,610
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	120	135	7,990	3,815	4,180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	255	135	120	21,930	9,875	12,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	470	235	235	47,970	22,595	25,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	95	80	5,815	4,060	1,755
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	70	65	2,385	1,240	1,145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	25	10	3,425	2,815	615
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	160	65	85	15,345	5,775	9,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20	3,325	1,415	1,910
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	110	60	50	23,490	11,340	12,145
Bachelor's degree	60	20	35	14,505	6,870	7,630
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	25	0	2,050	820	1,225
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	1,015	590	425
Master's degree	15	0	10	5,195	2,580	2,620
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	730	480	250
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	640	315	325	46,750	21,610	25,140
No certificate, diploma or degree	95	45	50	1,910	1,020	890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	185	100	85	10,990	5,130	5,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	360	170	190	33,845	15,455	18,390
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	70	70	3,210	2,300	915
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	50	65	1,295	705	595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	30	25	10	1,915	1,595	320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	105	40	60	10,470	3,930	6,540
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	15	10	2,305	1,005	1,305
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	85	40	45	17,860	8,225	9,635
Bachelor's degree	50	25	30	10,990	4,995	5,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	20	10	1,450	525	925
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	795	430	365
Master's degree	15	0	10	4,130	1,960	2,165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	490	315	180
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	975	480	490	77,890	36,285	41,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	505	250	250	29,920	13,695	16,230
Education	40	0	35	4,220	970	3,250
13. Education	40	10	35	4,225	975	3,250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	1,930	805	1,125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	345	260	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	10	0	1,590	545	1,040
Humanities	30	20	10	2,930	1,135	1,795
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	440	110	330
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	775	235	540
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	880	290	590
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	60	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	250	155	95
54. History	10	0	0	375	260	120
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	60	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	20	20	5,720	2,175	3,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	20	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	560	210	350
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	670	35	630
22. Legal professions and studies	20	15	0	1,000	385	615
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	20	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,145	300	845
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	2,215	1,205	1,010
Business, management and public administration	70	15	60	11,475	5,275	6,200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	370	105	265
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	15	60	11,090	5,160	5,930
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,845	1,035	815
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	730	345	385
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	445	250	195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	580	410	170
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	25	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	0	1,565	900	660
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	1,175	740	435
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	0	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	260	155	110
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	120	105	15	8,145	7,295	855
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	355	225	130
14. Engineering	10	15	0	2,620	2,190	430
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	10	1,535	1,365	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	1,600	1,570	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	1,315	1,260	55
48. Precision production	30	25	10	715	675	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	695	410	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	440	220	220
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	10	250	195	55
Health and related fields	60	10	50	7,245	1,505	5,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	600	240	355
51. Health professions and related programs	55	10	50	6,375	1,105	5,265
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	275	160	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	20	35	2,200	1,080	1,115
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	25	1,345	340	1,005
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	315	250	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	530	480	50
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	640	310	325	46,745	21,610	25,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	275	140	135	12,905	6,155	6,750
Education	25	0	25	2,605	540	2,070
13. Education	25	10	25	2,605	535	2,070
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,435	585	850
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	155	60
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,220	435	790
Humanities	25	15	10	2,010	735	1,275
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	325	80	240
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	490	140	360
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	610	180	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	15	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	100	45	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	150	80	70
54. History	0	0	10	265	185	80
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	25	4,375	1,505	2,865
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	20	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	455	165	295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	505	30	475
22. Legal professions and studies	20	15	10	735	235	505
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	15	50
42. Psychology	0	0	0	820	170	645
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,740	880	860
Business, management and public administration	55	0	55	8,485	3,920	4,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	250	75	170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	0	50	8,235	3,845	4,395
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	10	0	1,265	655	605
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	530	250	280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	325	165	165
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	15
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	350	230	120
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	40	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	1,290	755	535
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	1,015	660	360
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	190	95	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	90	80	15	5,380	4,645	735
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	275	155	125
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,985	1,585	395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	10	935	790	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	1,050	1,025	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	30	0	745	720	20
48. Precision production	20	20	10	390	365	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	475	265	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	290	125	165
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	185	130	50
Health and related fields	40	10	35	5,065	1,135	3,930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	465	195	270
51. Health professions and related programs	40	10	35	4,355	805	3,550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	240	130	105
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	25	25	1,475	715	760
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	25	875	225	650
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	245	190	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	340	295	50
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	975	485	490	77,890	36,285	41,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	500	250	250	29,920	13,695	16,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	470	235	240	47,975	22,595	25,380
Location of study inside Canada	450	220	230	34,785	16,265	18,520
Same as province or territory of residence	440	215	230	25,310	11,630	13,680
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	9,470	4,635	4,835
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	15	10	13,190	6,330	6,860
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,395	1,155	1,240
Philippines	0	0	0	550	150	405
India	0	0	0	490	250	240
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,920	1,090	830
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,470	1,620	1,860
France	15	10	0	40	30	10
Other	0	0	0	4,315	2,030	2,290
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	640	310	325	46,750	21,610	25,140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	275	140	135	12,905	6,155	6,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	360	170	190	33,850	15,455	18,390
Location of study inside Canada	345	165	185	24,350	11,075	13,275
Same as province or territory of residence	345	160	185	18,605	8,380	10,230
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	5,740	2,695	3,045
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	0	9,495	4,380	5,115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,520	710	810
Philippines	0	0	0	445	110	335
India	0	0	0	385	190	195
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	835	475	360
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,265	1,510	1,750
France	15	10	0	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	3,030	1,365	1,660
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	975	480	490	77,895	36,285	41,610
In the labour force	585	320	265	44,845	22,855	21,990
Employed	535	295	240	42,490	21,790	20,700
Unemployed	50	25	25	2,360	1,065	1,295
Not in the labour force	390	165	225	33,050	13,430	19,620
Participation rate	60.0	66.7	54.1	57.6	63.0	52.8
Employment rate	54.9	61.5	49.0	54.5	60.1	49.7
Unemployment rate	8.5	7.8	9.4	5.3	4.7	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	975	485	490	77,895	36,285	41,610
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	360	150	210	30,075	12,035	18,035
Worked	615	335	280	47,820	24,250	23,570
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	335	190	145	21,415	12,450	8,960
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	280	145	135	26,410	11,800	14,610
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.1	44.4	41.7	42.6	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	585	320	265	44,845	22,855	21,995
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	670	280	390
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	570	310	255	44,175	22,575	21,605
Employee	490	260	230	35,615	17,595	18,020
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	85	55	30	8,565	4,980	3,580
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	580	320	265	44,845	22,855	21,990
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	670	275	390
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	570	310	260	44,175	22,575	21,600
0 Management occupations	75	55	20	7,405	4,835	2,565
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	25	50	7,685	2,380	5,310
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	20	10	2,985	2,430	550
3 Health occupations	25	0	25	3,210	865	2,345
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	20	40	5,665	1,985	3,680
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	10	1,960	835	1,125
6 Sales and service occupations	125	55	75	9,770	4,265	5,510
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	85	85	0	4,305	4,000	300
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	550	435	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	75	40	35	640	535	105
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	580	315	265	44,845	22,855	21,995
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	670	280	390
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	570	310	260	44,180	22,575	21,605
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	255	140	120
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	195	150	40
22 Utilities	10	0	0	310	225	80
23 Construction	50	45	0	3,380	2,865	515
31-33 Manufacturing	105	70	35	2,340	1,715	625
41 Wholesale trade	60	40	20	2,315	1,525	790
44-45 Retail trade	65	25	40	4,695	2,285	2,410
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	10	2,585	1,775	815
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	1,160	730	425
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	10	2,270	1,125	1,140
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	10	1,535	875	660
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	15	4,530	2,455	2,075
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	145	55	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	0	15	1,665	925	735
61 Educational services	30	0	25	3,805	1,130	2,675
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	35	4,955	1,105	3,845
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	15	1,145	565	585
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	15	2,785	1,115	1,675
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	15	15	1,915	630	1,285
91 Public administration	15	15	10	2,195	1,185	1,015
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	535	295	235	42,490	21,790	20,700
Worked at home	30	10	15	5,835	2,810	3,025
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	720	510	205
No fixed workplace address	55	40	15	5,360	3,770	1,595
Worked at usual place	450	245	205	30,570	14,695	15,870
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	455	245	210	30,570	14,700	15,870
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	140	75	70	12,240	5,130	7,105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	65	30	35	17,495	9,110	8,385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	245	140	105	675	360	310
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	155	90	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	505	280	225	35,935	18,465	17,470
Car, truck, van - as a driver	390	235	155	28,900	15,495	13,405
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	10	1,590	515	1,075
Public transit	25	10	10	2,910	1,320	1,585
Walked	75	30	45	1,890	750	1,145
Bicycle	0	0	0	200	145	55
Other method	0	0	0	450	250	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	505	280	225	35,935	18,470	17,465
Less than 15 minutes	165	80	85	8,665	3,270	5,395
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	25	8,775	4,330	4,440
30 to 44 minutes	110	50	65	9,045	5,400	3,645
45 to 59 minutes	90	55	30	4,460	2,630	1,830
60 minutes and over	90	70	25	4,990	2,835	2,155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	510	280	225	35,935	18,465	17,465
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	45	15	2,430	1,770	660
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	130	90	40	6,260	3,970	2,285
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	125	55	70	9,195	4,585	4,610
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	85	35	45	7,590	3,425	4,170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	15	30	5,880	2,500	3,385
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	75	45	30	4,580	2,220	2,365
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	620	335	280	49,390	24,960	24,430
Single responses	605	325	275	48,705	24,635	24,070
Official languages	605	325	275	47,025	23,720	23,300
English	10	0	10	46,920	23,710	23,205
French	595	325	270	110	10	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,680	910	770
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,680	910	770
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	120	80	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	60	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	75	55	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	55	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	0	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,375	765	610
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,380	765	610
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,245	695	550
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	685	325	355
English and French	15	10	0	85	40	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	600	285	315
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	615	340	280	49,390	24,960	24,430
None	515	280	235	46,225	23,425	22,805
English	95	60	35	865	415	450
French	10	0	10	410	180	235
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,850	935	910
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,840	935	905
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,130	565	565	90,295	42,575	47,720
Non-movers	990	500	490	75,840	35,600	40,240
Movers	140	65	75	14,455	6,975	7,485
Non-migrants	45	25	15	7,185	3,475	3,710
Migrants	95	45	55	7,270	3,495	3,770
Internal migrants	100	40	60	5,720	2,745	2,980
Intraprovincial migrants	95	40	60	4,675	2,220	2,460
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
External migrants	0	0	0	1,545	750	795
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,100	555	545	87,190	41,035	46,155
Non-movers	680	335	340	46,930	21,975	24,955
Movers	420	215	200	40,260	19,055	21,200
Non-migrants	160	80	70	18,840	8,900	9,940
Migrants	260	135	130	21,420	10,160	11,260
Internal migrants	260	135	130	15,590	7,530	8,060
Intraprovincial migrants	255	130	125	12,625	6,095	6,530
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,960	1,430	1,530
External migrants	0	0	0	5,835	2,630	3,200

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Denis, RPC [Designated place], Quebec and White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec and White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec and White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Denis, Retired population centre [Designated place], Quebec and White Rock [Population centre], British Columbia