Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Gatineau Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Oakview, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	107,464	...	...	1,626	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	106,424	...	...	1,513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	47,576	...	...	659	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,549	...	...	625	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	903.3	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	118.97	...	...	1,147.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	107,460	51,890	55,575	1,625	845	780
0 to 14 years	18,215	9,305	8,905	315	170	145
0 to 4 years	6,070	3,115	2,955	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	6,315	3,260	3,050	120	65	55
10 to 14 years	5,830	2,930	2,900	95	55	40
15 to 64 years	72,400	35,265	37,135	1,055	550	510
15 to 19 years	6,190	3,125	3,060	85	40	45
20 to 24 years	7,160	3,530	3,625	100	60	40
25 to 29 years	6,760	3,370	3,390	95	45	50
30 to 34 years	6,680	3,325	3,355	105	50	55
35 to 39 years	6,745	3,220	3,530	80	40	40
40 to 44 years	6,775	3,295	3,475	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	7,200	3,460	3,745	100	50	50
50 to 54 years	9,190	4,420	4,775	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	8,740	4,170	4,565	165	100	70
60 to 64 years	6,965	3,345	3,620	125	60	60
65 years and over	16,850	7,315	9,535	255	135	125
65 to 69 years	5,765	2,675	3,090	100	50	55
70 to 74 years	4,355	2,010	2,345	60	40	20
75 to 79 years	2,910	1,255	1,660	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	2,080	835	1,245	25	15	15
85 years and over	1,735	540	1,195	25	15	15
85 to 89 years	1,150	395	755	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	455	125	330	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	115	25	90	5	5	0
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.9	16.0	19.4	20.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	67.4	68.0	66.8	64.9	65.1	65.4
65 years and over	15.7	14.1	17.2	15.7	16.0	16.0
85 years and over	1.6	1.0	2.2	1.5	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	40.6	39.5	41.7	40.6	40.4	40.8
Median age of the population	41.5	40.1	42.7	42.3	41.9	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
Single-detached house	19,735	...	...	570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	905	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	24,800	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,320	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,795	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,955	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,615	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	110	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
1 person	13,655	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	16,270	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	7,255	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,635	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	2,735	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	105,380	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	89,250	42,580	46,670	1,310	675	635
Married or living common law	49,310	24,575	24,735	905	450	455
Married	31,775	15,845	15,930	785	395	390
Living common law	17,530	8,725	8,815	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	39,945	18,010	21,930	405	225	180
Never married	26,540	13,720	12,820	270	170	105
Separated	1,785	735	1,045	30	10	10
Divorced	6,765	2,545	4,215	60	35	30
Widowed	4,850	1,010	3,845	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,700	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	16,345	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	6,890	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,310	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	2,155	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,695	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	24,085	...	...	435	...	...
Married couples	15,320	...	...	370	...	...
Common-law couples	8,765	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,615	...	...	50	...	...
Female parent	4,985	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	1,625	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,085	...	...	430	...	...
Couples without children	12,210	...	...	250	...	...
Couples with children	11,880	...	...	185	...	...
1 child	4,950	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	4,870	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	2,060	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,610	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	4,135	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,945	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	540	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,260	8,960	10,305	190	125	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
One-census-family households	29,770	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,825	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,945	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	460	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,320	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	13,655	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,665	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	106,015	51,390	54,625	1,625	850	775
English only	3,475	1,905	1,570	1,585	835	750
French only	35,930	15,790	20,140	0	0	0
English and French	66,120	33,470	32,650	35	10	25
Neither English nor French	485	225	260	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	106,015	51,390	54,625	1,630	850	775
English	8,665	4,485	4,180	1,615	840	770
French	94,265	45,355	48,910	5	5	0
English and French	2,620	1,340	1,280	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	465	210	250	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	9,975	5,155	4,820	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	9.4	10.0	8.8	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	106,015	51,390	54,625	1,630	850	775
Single responses	103,450	50,120	53,335	1,625	850	780
Official languages	95,295	46,110	49,190	1,455	765	690
English	6,535	3,350	3,180	1,450	765	685
French	88,760	42,755	46,010	5	5	0
Non-official languages	8,155	4,010	4,150	170	85	90
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,150	4,010	4,140	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,675	1,375	1,300	0	0	0
Berber languages	225	125	105	0	0	0
Kabyle	175	100	75	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,425	1,240	1,185	0	0	5
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	2,400	1,235	1,175	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	20	75	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	10	55	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	370	165	205	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	335	145	180	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,495	1,715	1,780	170	80	85
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	575	275	305	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	275	305	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	5	0	5
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	40	0	0	0
Russian	105	45	65	0	0	0
Serbian	150	75	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	5	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	50	90	140	70	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	15	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	95	30	65	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	20	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,575	1,275	1,300	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	55	35	5	0	0
Portuguese	890	445	445	0	0	0
Romanian	170	75	95	0	0	0
Spanish	1,415	690	730	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	965	485	485	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	30	20	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	65	25	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	230	120	105	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	165	70	95	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	200	110	100	0	0	0
Wolof	30	15	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	195	100	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	120	140	0	0	0
Chinese languages	255	115	140	5	0	5
Cantonese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	85	100	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,560	1,270	1,290	5	0	0
English and French	1,580	790	790	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	80	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	665	315	350	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	170	90	75	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	106,015	51,390	54,625	1,630	845	775
Single responses	102,285	49,605	52,680	1,615	840	770
Official languages	98,020	47,495	50,530	1,500	790	710
English	7,785	4,055	3,730	1,495	790	705
French	90,235	43,440	46,800	0	5	0
Non-official languages	4,260	2,105	2,155	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,260	2,110	2,155	110	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,565	790	775	0	0	0
Berber languages	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	55	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,450	725	725	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	1,445	720	720	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	130	50	75	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	110	50	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,965	970	995	110	55	60
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	395	195	200	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	195	200	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Serbian	140	70	75	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	100	50	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	10	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,420	705	715	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	310	155	155	0	0	0
Romanian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Spanish	1,010	500	510	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	215	110	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	40	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	35	30	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	100	100	5	0	5
Chinese languages	195	95	100	0	0	5
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	75	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,730	1,785	1,945	15	5	10
English and French	1,745	860	890	0	0	0
English and non-official language	295	155	145	10	5	5
French and non-official language	1,220	550	670	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	470	225	240	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	106,015	51,390	54,625	1,625	850	780
None	84,150	40,615	43,535	1,550	805	740
English	13,655	6,730	6,925	40	20	20
French	4,575	2,310	2,265	0	0	5
Non-official language	2,770	1,315	1,455	35	15	15
Aboriginal	15	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,755	1,310	1,445	35	15	20
English and French	365	185	185	0	0	0
English and non-official language	355	170	185	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	70	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	87,175	41,865	45,305	1,240	655	590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,900	40,260	43,640	1,210	640	570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,552	40,851	34,461	34,731	39,680	29,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,930	40,260	43,675	1,210	640	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,704	35,136	30,503	30,592	34,645	26,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,395	36,915	38,480	1,150	625	530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,744	38,459	30,977	31,539	35,840	25,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,625	28,110	34,515	850	405	445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,054	5,190	8,134	5,216	4,064	5,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,560	30,965	30,595	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,678	38,087	33,211	30,400	34,816	25,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	87,170	41,900	45,280	1,245	655	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,860	40,240	43,620	1,225	645	575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,603	47,766	39,762	38,729	44,636	32,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,905	40,245	43,660	1,220	645	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,832	38,707	33,182	32,045	36,245	27,308
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,285	36,865	38,425	1,160	635	525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,533	46,385	36,878	35,721	41,198	29,134
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,675	28,230	34,450	900	435	465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,452	7,523	9,213	6,532	6,504	6,558
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,510	30,875	30,630	1,045	580	460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,696	45,117	38,248	33,266	37,316	28,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	87,170	41,895	45,275	1,250	655	595
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,370	15,745	14,630	525	345	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,554	54,511	50,413	39,440	41,875	38,194
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,923	60,761	52,793	43,179	45,709	38,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.7	89.1	81.8	87.2	90.1	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.6	73.2	67.7	76.8	80.1	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.3	10.9	18.2	12.4	9.6	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	87,175	41,865	45,310	1,245	650	585
Without total income	3,275	1,605	1,665	30	15	15
With total income	83,900	40,260	43,640	1,210	640	570
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.2	96.3	97.2	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,035	4,200	4,840	150	70	80
$10,000 to $19,999	13,390	5,470	7,920	210	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	11,590	4,990	6,605	165	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	10,625	5,055	5,570	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,925	4,740	5,185	170	90	80
$50,000 to $59,999	8,535	4,185	4,350	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	6,625	3,385	3,240	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,590	2,420	2,170	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,260	1,780	1,475	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,160	1,265	890	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	4,170	2,770	1,400	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	3,390	2,225	1,165	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	780	545	235	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	87,175	41,865	45,310	1,240	655	585
Without after-tax income	3,240	1,610	1,640	30	15	15
With after-tax income	83,930	40,260	43,675	1,215	640	570
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.2	96.4	98.0	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,590	4,290	5,300	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	14,095	5,885	8,210	225	100	125
$20,000 to $29,999	14,340	6,375	7,965	210	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	14,250	6,870	7,380	235	125	110
$40,000 to $49,999	12,255	6,095	6,160	160	90	70
$50,000 to $59,999	8,270	4,215	4,055	110	75	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,060	2,695	2,365	55	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,865	1,690	1,175	35	20	15
$80,000 and over	3,215	2,155	1,070	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,425	920	495	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	690	480	210	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,110	750	360	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	87,175	41,865	45,310	1,245	655	590
Without employment income	25,615	10,900	14,715	200	75	125
With employment income	61,565	30,965	30,595	1,040	575	465
Percentage with employment income	70.6	74.0	67.5	83.5	87.8	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,510	3,310	3,200	150	85	70
$5,000 to $9,999	4,395	1,930	2,460	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	8,560	3,955	4,610	145	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	7,450	3,500	3,955	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	6,930	3,435	3,495	140	75	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,175	3,035	3,140	120	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	6,030	2,965	3,065	80	50	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,725	2,400	2,325	70	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,380	1,850	1,530	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	7,415	4,595	2,820	75	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,695	1,525	1,170	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,660	1,025	640	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,060	2,050	1,010	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,866	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,687	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,655	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,103	...	...	36,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,388	...	...	31,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,900	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,518	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,993	...	...	66,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,267	...	...	75,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,995	...	...	62,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,655	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,532	...	...	33,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,921	...	...	28,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,900	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,994	...	...	86,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,871	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	405	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,205	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,770	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,870	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,725	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,930	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,070	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,035	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,070	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,180	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,725	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,410	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,080	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,585	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,970	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,040	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,270	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,165	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,490	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	430	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	550	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,205	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,865	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,145	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,155	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,565	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,625	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,610	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,795	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,855	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,440	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,700	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,055	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,540	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,015	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,210	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,080	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,720	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,720	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,801	...	...	77,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,106	...	...	65,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,515	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,271	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,976	...	...	62,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,975	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,822	...	...	96,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,480	...	...	81,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,370	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,771	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,592	...	...	36,523	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,695	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,394	...	...	85,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,057	...	...	70,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,560	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,263	...	...	81,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,667	...	...	67,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,035	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,262	...	...	101,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,782	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,285	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,615	...	...	48,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,077	...	...	42,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,060	7,975	9,090	170	115	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,444	35,873	33,388	37,760	42,368	27,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,442	31,189	29,806	31,957	34,688	23,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,145	7,975	9,165	175	110	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,706	43,156	38,575	35,768	40,657	27,625
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,822	35,422	32,431	30,207	33,178	25,259
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	105,380	51,165	54,215	1,540	815	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	54,390	25,720	28,675	885	450	435
In the bottom decile	8,405	4,010	4,395	135	75	65
In the second decile	9,980	4,525	5,455	200	95	105
In the third decile	11,510	5,455	6,060	210	100	105
In the fourth decile	12,355	5,800	6,555	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	12,140	5,930	6,210	170	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	50,990	25,450	25,540	650	365	290
In the sixth decile	12,650	6,185	6,460	185	100	85
In the seventh decile	12,575	6,245	6,330	170	90	80
In the eighth decile	11,455	5,780	5,675	115	65	50
In the ninth decile	9,260	4,695	4,570	135	75	55
In the top decile	5,055	2,545	2,510	50	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	105,380	51,170	54,215	1,540	815	725
0 to 17 years	21,810	11,110	10,700	345	180	160
0 to 5 years	7,325	3,765	3,560	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	68,490	33,275	35,220	950	505	445
65 years and over	15,075	6,785	8,295	245	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,905	5,905	6,995	255	130	130
0 to 17 years	3,275	1,715	1,560	80	40	40
0 to 5 years	1,255	675	580	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	7,595	3,530	4,065	125	65	55
65 years and over	2,035	660	1,370	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.5	12.9	16.6	16.0	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	15.4	14.6	23.2	22.2	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.9	16.3	20.8	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.6	11.5	13.2	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	13.5	9.7	16.5	22.4	20.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,220	4,755	5,460	60	35	30
0 to 17 years	2,350	1,210	1,135	15	15	5
0 to 5 years	920	475	445	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	6,590	3,165	3,425	40	20	15
65 years and over	1,275	385	895	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.7	9.3	10.1	3.9	4.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.8	10.9	10.6	4.3	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	12.6	12.5	4.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	9.5	9.7	4.2	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	8.5	5.7	10.8	4.1	4.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,415	51,210	54,210	1,540	815	725
Official languages	104,975	51,005	53,970	1,540	815	725
English	69,235	35,155	34,080	1,540	815	720
French	101,560	49,130	52,425	30	0	25
Non-official languages	13,220	6,355	6,865	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,200	6,350	6,850	110	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,555	1,765	1,785	0	0	0
Berber languages	290	165	125	0	0	0
Kabyle	220	125	95	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	40	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,355	1,655	1,690	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	3,320	1,650	1,665	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	75	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	65	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	155	45	110	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	35	90	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	845	405	435	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	55	30	35	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	780	370	410	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,680	3,180	3,500	100	60	40
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	850	410	440	25	0	20
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	845	410	440	25	10	20
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	70	25	40	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	210	110	110	0	0	0
Serbian	190	85	105	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Slovak	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	355	185	170	75	50	25
Afrikaans	0	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	30	20	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	165	135	50	30	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	60	15	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	185	90	100	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	35	55	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	120	60	65	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	60	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,370	2,530	2,845	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	420	250	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,125	585	540	0	0	0
Romanian	280	145	135	0	0	0
Spanish	3,790	1,685	2,110	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,590	815	775	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	20	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	65	20	45	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	250	115	135	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	425	235	190	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	290	140	145	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	475	285	195	0	0	0
Wolof	95	45	50	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	30	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	345	175	170	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	150	50	100	0	0	0
American Sign Language	35	0	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	35	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	175	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	330	175	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	135	140	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,415	51,210	54,205	1,540	820	725
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	102,650	49,850	52,805	1,495	790	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,300	10,895	10,405	345	185	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,350	38,955	42,395	1,145	605	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,765	1,365	1,410	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,420	51,205	54,210	1,540	815	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	95,730	46,290	49,440	1,420	745	670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,340	4,730	4,610	120	70	50
Before 1981	1,265	610	655	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	1,040	630	410	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,905	970	935	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	3,255	1,570	1,685	65	40	25
2001 to 2005	1,410	640	775	20	15	10
2006 to 2010	1,845	930	915	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,870	945	930	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	350	195	155	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,340	4,725	4,615	125	70	50
Under 5 years	1,060	525	530	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,630	875	750	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	1,790	880	905	30	30	0
25 to 44 years	4,180	2,130	2,050	40	25	20
45 years and over	685	315	370	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,340	4,730	4,610	125	75	50
Americas	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Brazil	35	25	10	0	0	0
Colombia	470	185	285	0	0	0
El Salvador	95	60	35	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	625	320	305	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	125	40	90	0	0	0
Peru	100	65	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	190	105	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	415	205	210	0	0	0
Europe	2,120	1,055	1,065	115	75	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	190	95	95	0	0	0
Croatia	90	45	45	0	0	0
France	490	250	240	0	0	0
Germany	80	40	40	20	20	0
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	85	70	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	10	30	15	10
Poland	65	30	35	0	0	0
Portugal	490	235	255	0	0	0
Romania	165	80	85	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	15	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	60	20	40	65	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	250	125	125	0	0	0
Africa	2,890	1,505	1,385	0	0	0
Algeria	375	190	180	0	0	0
Egypt	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	25	10	15	0	0	0
Morocco	370	180	190	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,040	1,070	970	0	0	0
Asia	2,205	1,120	1,085	10	0	10
Afghanistan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	195	95	100	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iraq	75	35	40	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	1,220	660	555	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	105	25	80	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	130	60	75	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	40	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	195	115	80	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,875	945	925	0	0	0
Americas	400	205	195	0	0	0
Brazil	20	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	20	35	0	0	0
Cuba	30	10	25	0	0	0
Haiti	150	75	75	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	40	35	0	0	0
Europe	160	70	85	0	0	0
France	85	40	45	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	25	0	0	0
Africa	1,015	540	480	0	0	0
Algeria	60	30	25	0	0	0
Cameroon	195	125	70	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	70	30	40	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	45	20	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	85	40	50	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	30	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	515	255	265	0	0	0
Asia	295	130	165	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	100	55	50	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	30	0	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	35	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,415	51,210	54,205	1,540	820	725
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,095	5,125	4,975	120	75	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,655	3,855	3,795	190	100	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	87,665	42,235	45,435	1,225	650	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	8,160	4,175	3,990	115	70	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,480	1,955	1,530	110	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,490	975	515	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,995	980	1,015	55	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,360	1,025	1,330	15	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,280	1,175	1,105	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,415	51,205	54,205	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,970	1,830	2,145	90	55	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,810	1,770	2,040	95	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,650	735	915	45	25	20
Métis	2,140	1,025	1,110	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	105	30	70	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	101,450	49,380	52,065	1,450	765	685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,420	51,210	54,205	1,540	820	725
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	660	315	345	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,760	50,895	53,865	1,500	800	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,420	51,210	54,210	1,540	820	725
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,300	1,105	1,190	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,245	1,080	1,170	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,810	860	950	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	430	215	215	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,595	2,950	3,645	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,410	2,860	3,550	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,245	2,300	2,940	45	30	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,115	535	580	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	185	95	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	85	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	96,525	47,155	49,375	1,445	775	675
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,415	51,210	54,210	1,540	820	725
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10,035	5,060	4,980	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	230	125	110	0	0	0
Chinese	395	195	200	0	0	0
Black	4,450	2,300	2,155	0	0	0
Filipino	165	60	105	0	0	10
Latin American	1,215	575	645	0	0	0
Arab	2,730	1,415	1,315	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	235	125	110	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	200	85	115	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	120	50	65	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	205	90	115	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	95,380	46,150	49,235	1,535	815	715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,420	51,210	54,205	1,540	820	725
North American Aboriginal origins	8,890	4,055	4,840	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,290	3,280	4,010	60	35	25
Inuit	55	25	35	0	0	0
Métis	1,780	865	915	40	15	25
Other North American origins	70,480	33,755	36,725	495	230	265
Acadian	445	220	220	0	0	0
American	385	195	190	25	0	25
Canadian	68,440	32,690	35,750	475	235	240
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	105	40	60	0	0	0
Québécois	2,135	1,090	1,045	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	42,140	20,735	21,405	1,280	680	600
British Isles origins	12,545	5,945	6,600	925	480	440
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,710	1,845	1,870	610	325	280
Irish	8,015	3,680	4,330	295	155	145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,960	1,375	1,590	420	205	215
Welsh	80	40	35	45	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	370	135	235	35	20	15
French origins	29,820	14,790	15,035	140	80	60
Alsatian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	115	35	80	0	0	0
Corsican	20	10	0	0	0	0
French	29,765	14,770	14,995	140	80	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,320	1,530	1,790	310	150	155
Austrian	45	20	25	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	575	235	335	65	20	45
Dutch	385	230	150	75	35	45
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,290	1,035	1,260	160	95	70
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	190	95	95	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	400	185	220	130	65	70
Danish	105	55	50	35	10	20
Finnish	30	10	25	15	10	10
Icelandic	25	10	10	30	15	15
Norwegian	155	65	90	0	10	0
Swedish	90	35	50	45	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	20	10	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	1,625	760	860	245	130	120
Bulgarian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	60	20	35	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	150	55	95	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	615	300	315	80	40	35
Romanian	275	135	140	0	0	0
Russian	215	110	110	0	0	0
Slovak	80	25	55	0	0	0
Ukrainian	290	155	140	185	95	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,025	2,585	2,445	25	0	25
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	155	85	70	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	285	150	135	15	0	15
Italian	1,740	910	825	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,670	880	795	0	0	0
Serbian	265	135	130	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Spanish	905	445	465	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	240	135	105	0	10	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	80	50	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	60	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,445	775	675	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	110	70	50	0	0	0
Dominican	80	40	45	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	1,060	535	525	0	0	0
Jamaican	120	70	50	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,535	735	800	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	25	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chilean	55	30	20	0	0	0
Colombian	535	240	295	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	10	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maya	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mexican	245	120	120	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	135	90	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	20	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	55	50	0	0	0
African origins	4,825	2,470	2,355	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,535	755	780	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	35	30	0	0	0
Cameroonian	265	150	120	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	545	275	275	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guinean	130	55	75	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	120	55	60	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Peulh	20	0	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	105	50	55	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	95	40	50	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	105	35	70	0	0	0
North African origins	1,460	775	685	0	0	0
Algerian	445	215	230	0	0	0
Berber	285	160	125	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	115	70	50	0	0	0
Libyan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	555	280	270	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	140	90	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,170	595	575	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	110	65	50	0	0	0
Burundian	560	300	255	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	405	195	205	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	35	20	20	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Other African origins	845	430	420	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	110	40	65	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	770	405	370	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,610	2,255	2,355	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,300	1,645	1,655	10	10	0
Afghan	55	25	35	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	230	135	100	0	0	0
Armenian	95	30	70	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Iraqi	120	70	50	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	2,475	1,210	1,265	0	0	0
Palestinian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	220	120	100	0	0	0
Tajik	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	35	15	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	265	135	130	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	200	95	100	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	20	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,085	500	585	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese	570	280	285	10	0	0
Filipino	215	85	125	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Laotian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	180	90	80	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	45	15	0	0	0
Australian	45	25	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
Owner	29,945	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	15,605	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
Condominium	4,185	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	41,375	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
No bedrooms	145	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,430	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,710	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,800	...	...	245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,465	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,415	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	8,030	...	...	120	...	...
6 rooms	7,280	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	6,395	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,435	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,280	...	...	625	...	...
More than 1 person per room	275	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
Suitable	44,255	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	1,300	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,550	...	...	625	...	...
1960 or before	4,540	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,225	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,345	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,675	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,785	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,300	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,690	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	42,920	...	...	565	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,630	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
1 household maintainer	27,425	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,560	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	570	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,555	...	...	625	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,750	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,665	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,765	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,805	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,615	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,340	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,865	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	745	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,520	...	...	465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,585	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,940	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,985	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,935	...	...	410	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.0	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.1	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,124	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,123	...	...	830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	234,853	...	...	174,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,813	...	...	181,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,610	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	783	...	...	498	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	833	...	...	534	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	87,175	41,895	45,275	1,250	650	595
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,665	10,170	9,495	225	115	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,450	9,915	11,535	395	225	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,055	21,810	24,245	625	315	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,290	7,375	5,910	180	115	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,390	4,455	4,930	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,900	2,920	975	100	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,650	6,945	8,700	250	90	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,540	935	1,605	65	35	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,580	6,545	8,035	140	70	70
Bachelor's degree	10,130	4,240	5,890	105	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,005	475	530	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	125	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,795	1,455	1,340	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	400	250	150	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,820	28,365	30,455	785	410	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,325	5,270	4,060	85	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,215	6,115	7,095	275	150	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,280	16,985	19,300	430	215	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,425	5,640	4,785	110	70	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,490	3,450	4,045	45	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,935	2,190	745	60	45	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,735	5,230	6,500	190	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,825	690	1,135	35	20	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,300	5,425	6,875	100	55	50
Bachelor's degree	8,485	3,510	4,980	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	795	385	410	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	220	115	115	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,455	1,215	1,245	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	335	205	130	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	87,175	41,895	45,275	1,250	655	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	41,115	20,090	21,025	615	340	280
Education	3,160	815	2,345	35	15	20
13. Education	3,165	820	2,345	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,335	660	680	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	325	235	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,010	425	590	20	15	10
Humanities	2,360	920	1,435	30	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	505	120	385	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,070	435	635	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	50	35	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	110	45	10	10	0
54. History	170	125	45	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	305	55	250	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,870	1,645	3,220	45	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	650	215	435	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	905	60	845	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	735	265	470	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	20	90	10	10	0
42. Psychology	815	230	590	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,630	855	775	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,800	4,025	7,775	95	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	815	185	630	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,970	3,835	7,135	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,285	720	565	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	435	190	245	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	145	95	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	225	105	120	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	305	250	60	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	30	55	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,785	1,890	895	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,335	1,745	590	0	0	0
25. Library science	255	25	230	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	180	95	80	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,150	7,680	475	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	215	140	75	0	0	10
14. Engineering	980	825	155	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,755	1,615	140	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,725	2,685	40	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,585	1,555	25	65	60	10
48. Precision production	895	855	35	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	695	465	230	85	55	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	185	150	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	355	275	80	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,625	1,005	4,615	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	370	185	190	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,200	770	4,430	115	0	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	55	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,985	1,980	2,000	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	2,360	620	1,740	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,110	865	240	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	450	435	15	15	10	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,820	28,365	30,455	790	410	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,540	11,385	11,155	355	190	165
Education	2,155	555	1,595	30	15	15
13. Education	2,155	555	1,600	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,020	510	510	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	160	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	790	350	440	15	15	0
Humanities	1,575	600	970	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	435	95	345	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	20	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	575	260	315	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	25	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	65	20	10	10	0
54. History	115	80	35	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	235	40	200	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,970	1,355	2,615	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	155	360	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	755	50	705	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	595	225	370	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	65	10	10	0
42. Psychology	645	160	475	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,375	745	630	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,660	3,165	6,495	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	680	140	540	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,970	3,015	5,955	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	885	495	395	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	405	175	230	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	70	55	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	255	205	50	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,490	1,690	805	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,095	1,565	535	0	0	0
25. Library science	225	25	200	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	85	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,310	5,885	425	110	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	180	110	75	10	0	0
14. Engineering	840	695	145	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,325	1,215	115	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,035	1,995	40	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,250	1,230	20	45	40	10
48. Precision production	675	640	35	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	560	365	195	55	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	135	125	50	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	230	70	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,500	840	3,655	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	155	165	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,130	640	3,490	70	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	50	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,140	1,525	1,620	30	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,870	455	1,415	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	840	650	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	370	10	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	87,170	41,895	45,275	1,250	650	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,115	20,085	21,030	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	46,060	21,810	24,250	630	315	320
Location of study inside Canada	43,435	20,485	22,955	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	30,695	14,130	16,560	480	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	12,745	6,350	6,395	60	35	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,620	1,330	1,295	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	250	155	100	20	10	10
Philippines	55	10	50	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	45	20	30	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	35	50	0	0	0
France	315	185	130	0	0	0
Other	1,850	905	945	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,820	28,370	30,455	790	410	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,540	11,385	11,155	355	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,285	16,980	19,300	430	220	215
Location of study inside Canada	33,995	15,840	18,155	365	180	185
Same as province or territory of residence	24,175	10,965	13,210	325	155	170
Different than province or territory of residence	9,815	4,875	4,945	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,290	1,140	1,150	70	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	175	110	70	20	10	0
Philippines	55	0	50	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	40	20	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	35	50	0	0	0
France	260	160	100	0	0	0
Other	1,660	800	855	30	20	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	87,175	41,895	45,275	1,245	655	595
In the labour force	57,860	29,320	28,540	965	540	420
Employed	53,935	27,040	26,895	925	520	410
Unemployed	3,930	2,280	1,650	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	29,310	12,570	16,735	290	115	170
Participation rate	66.4	70.0	63.0	77.5	82.4	70.6
Employment rate	61.9	64.5	59.4	74.3	79.4	68.9
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.8	5.8	4.1	4.6	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	87,170	41,895	45,275	1,245	655	590
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	28,295	12,150	16,140	230	85	145
Worked	58,880	29,750	29,135	1,020	565	450
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,985	16,120	14,860	550	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,895	13,625	14,270	470	210	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	43.6	43.4	43.1	43.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,865	29,325	28,540	960	540	425
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,490	815	680	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,375	28,510	27,865	960	535	420
Employee	51,035	25,260	25,775	705	355	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,335	3,250	2,085	255	180	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,860	29,325	28,545	965	540	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,495	810	675	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,375	28,510	27,860	960	535	425
0 Management occupations	5,155	3,110	2,045	185	160	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,735	3,385	8,345	140	25	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,500	2,780	715	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	3,445	630	2,815	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,475	2,310	5,160	110	20	95
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,405	635	765	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	14,855	7,195	7,660	120	50	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,525	7,270	255	200	185	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	425	400	25	80	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	865	790	70	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,860	29,320	28,545	960	540	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,490	810	680	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,375	28,510	27,860	955	535	425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	185	135	50	235	175	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	65	20	10	10	0
22 Utilities	295	230	70	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,640	4,265	375	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,645	1,385	260	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	970	785	190	30	15	15
44-45 Retail trade	7,285	3,570	3,710	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,780	1,445	340	95	80	20
51 Information and cultural industries	1,065	585	480	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,345	610	735	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	695	435	260	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,220	1,275	945	30	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,135	2,070	1,070	25	20	10
61 Educational services	4,105	1,320	2,785	45	15	35
62 Health care and social assistance	7,030	1,295	5,735	155	10	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,080	575	505	10	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,955	1,945	2,015	20	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,585	1,025	1,560	50	30	25
91 Public administration	12,275	5,495	6,780	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	53,930	27,040	26,890	925	520	405
Worked at home	2,475	1,180	1,290	245	165	85
Worked outside Canada	80	35	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,380	4,330	1,050	135	115	15
Worked at usual place	46,005	21,500	24,500	545	240	305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,000	21,500	24,505	545	240	305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,100	13,120	16,980	80	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	180	95	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,420	735	685	285	115	170
Commute to a different province or territory	14,480	7,640	6,840	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,380	25,830	25,550	675	355	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,060	20,165	17,895	605	315	285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,195	1,105	2,090	50	20	30
Public transit	7,290	3,025	4,260	0	0	0
Walked	1,710	785	925	20	15	10
Bicycle	755	550	200	0	0	0
Other method	385	200	175	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,385	25,825	25,555	675	355	320
Less than 15 minutes	11,755	5,285	6,465	140	90	50
15 to 29 minutes	18,450	9,355	9,095	250	120	130
30 to 44 minutes	12,680	6,715	5,965	205	95	110
45 to 59 minutes	5,395	2,855	2,540	50	25	20
60 minutes and over	3,115	1,620	1,495	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,385	25,830	25,555	675	355	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,185	2,955	1,230	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,445	7,545	5,905	115	85	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,035	6,590	8,445	235	125	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,985	3,260	4,725	175	90	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,905	1,630	2,280	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,830	3,860	2,975	90	30	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,645	30,575	30,070	1,050	585	470
Single responses	54,815	27,355	27,455	1,050	580	470
Official languages	54,655	27,250	27,400	1,050	580	470
English	14,420	8,135	6,290	1,050	580	470
French	40,230	19,115	21,115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	155	105	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	105	50	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,835	3,220	2,615	0	0	0
English and French	5,630	3,100	2,535	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	75	40	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,645	30,580	30,065	1,050	580	470
None	29,845	14,960	14,880	1,025	570	450
English	20,050	9,705	10,345	0	0	0
French	10,325	5,695	4,635	0	0	10
Non-official language	300	160	145	20	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	300	155	145	20	10	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,330	50,640	53,685	1,525	805	720
Non-movers	90,620	44,030	46,590	1,365	720	645
Movers	13,705	6,610	7,100	160	90	70
Non-migrants	10,530	5,015	5,515	65	45	25
Migrants	3,180	1,595	1,580	95	50	50
Internal migrants	2,725	1,345	1,375	95	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	1,865	900	970	75	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	855	450	405	20	20	10
External migrants	460	250	210	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	99,360	48,170	51,190	1,425	755	670
Non-movers	62,165	30,380	31,785	1,095	585	505
Movers	37,190	17,790	19,405	330	170	160
Non-migrants	28,055	13,365	14,695	115	70	45
Migrants	9,135	4,425	4,710	220	105	115
Internal migrants	7,320	3,480	3,840	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	5,005	2,315	2,695	200	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	2,315	1,165	1,150	15	10	10
External migrants	1,820	950	870	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gatineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba