Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Grassland, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hochelaga Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Grassland, MU Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Grassland, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	106,496	...	...	1,561	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,436	...	...	1,480^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,438	...	...	635	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	54,561	...	...	543	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,447.4	...	...	1.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19.55	...	...	1,344.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	106,500	52,960	53,535	1,560	800	760
0 to 14 years	13,835	7,010	6,820	345	190	155
0 to 4 years	5,640	2,890	2,755	130	60	65
5 to 9 years	4,595	2,275	2,315	110	65	45
10 to 14 years	3,600	1,845	1,750	105	65	45
15 to 64 years	75,120	38,715	36,400	935	465	465
15 to 19 years	3,810	1,915	1,900	95	45	55
20 to 24 years	7,520	3,645	3,870	65	40	25
25 to 29 years	10,300	5,090	5,205	105	50	50
30 to 34 years	10,275	5,255	5,025	90	45	45
35 to 39 years	9,500	5,135	4,370	85	35	50
40 to 44 years	6,835	3,685	3,150	75	40	35
45 to 49 years	6,400	3,535	2,870	70	30	40
50 to 54 years	7,125	3,835	3,290	110	55	50
55 to 59 years	7,080	3,600	3,480	125	65	60
60 to 64 years	6,280	3,025	3,255	115	55	60
65 years and over	17,540	7,230	10,310	285	140	145
65 to 69 years	5,000	2,415	2,585	105	55	55
70 to 74 years	4,005	1,745	2,265	60	35	25
75 to 79 years	2,935	1,165	1,765	45	25	20
80 to 84 years	2,655	980	1,675	40	20	20
85 years and over	2,950	930	2,020	35	5	25
85 to 89 years	1,945	690	1,260	20	5	10
90 to 94 years	785	210	580	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	190	30	155	5	0	0
100 years and over	35	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.0	13.2	12.7	22.1	23.8	20.4
15 to 64 years	70.5	73.1	68.0	59.9	58.1	61.2
65 years and over	16.5	13.7	19.3	18.3	17.5	19.1
85 years and over	2.8	1.8	3.8	2.2	0.6	3.3
Average age of the population	41.4	40.2	42.5	39.8	38.8	40.9
Median age of the population	38.8	38.3	39.4	39.6	37.5	41.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	54,560	...	...	540	...	...
Single-detached house	1,450	...	...	500	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,080	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	50,025	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	495	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	785	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,370	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	42,145	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	225	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	54,560	...	...	545	...	...
1 person	25,815	...	...	130	...	...
2 persons	16,890	...	...	230	...	...
3 persons	6,010	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,010	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,825	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	103,590	...	...	1,315	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	92,660	45,950	46,715	1,215	605	605
Married or living common law	40,165	20,475	19,690	845	420	420
Married	22,095	11,175	10,920	745	375	370
Living common law	18,070	9,300	8,770	100	50	50
Not married and not living common law	52,500	25,475	27,025	370	185	190
Never married	38,040	20,760	17,280	250	140	105
Separated	1,790	775	1,015	20	10	10
Divorced	7,735	2,875	4,855	45	25	20
Widowed	4,935	1,060	3,870	60	5	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,830	...	...	405	...	...
2 persons	14,590	...	...	230	...	...
3 persons	5,130	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	3,680	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,430	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,830	...	...	410	...	...
Total couple families	19,430	...	...	375	...	...
Married couples	10,400	...	...	320	...	...
Common-law couples	9,030	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,400	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	4,350	...	...	25	...	...
Male parent	1,045	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,430	...	...	370	...	...
Couples without children	10,890	...	...	210	...	...
Couples with children	8,540	...	...	165	...	...
1 child	3,890	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	3,345	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	1,300	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,400	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	3,700	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,240	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	460	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	36,680	18,915	17,765	160	90	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	54,560	...	...	545	...	...
One-census-family households	24,300	...	...	400	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,695	...	...	210	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,600	...	...	195	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	260	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	30,000	...	...	140	...	...
One-person households	25,815	...	...	130	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	4,185	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	104,195	51,970	52,230	1,540	790	750
English only	2,420	1,300	1,120	1,455	750	705
French only	44,070	19,955	24,110	5	0	0
English and French	56,430	30,220	26,210	45	15	25
Neither English nor French	1,275	495	780	40	20	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	104,195	51,970	52,230	1,540	795	750
English	7,060	3,740	3,320	1,475	755	715
French	90,990	45,125	45,870	20	15	10
English and French	4,920	2,630	2,285	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,220	470	750	45	20	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	9,525	5,060	4,465	25	15	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	9.1	9.7	8.5	1.6	1.9	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	104,200	51,970	52,225	1,540	790	750
Single responses	100,850	50,215	50,635	1,535	790	745
Official languages	80,060	39,915	40,150	1,240	630	610
English	3,585	1,930	1,655	1,210	615	595
French	76,475	37,985	38,490	30	15	10
Non-official languages	20,790	10,300	10,490	300	160	140
Aboriginal languages	40	10	25	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	5	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,750	10,290	10,465	295	155	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,125	2,765	2,360	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,380	705	680	0	0	0
Kabyle	930	470	465	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	450	235	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,730	2,050	1,675	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	3,715	2,040	1,675	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,310	630	685	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	210	105	105	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,100	525	580	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	35	80	35	20	15
Bikol	5	0	5	0	5	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	45	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,140	515	625	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	20	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,085	485	600	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	165	80	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,125	4,925	5,200	260	135	120
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,520	690	835	10	5	5
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,500	675	820	5	5	5
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	135	60	75	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	395	190	210	0	0	0
Russian	550	240	305	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	285	130	160	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	70	50	250	130	120
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	85	50	35	245	130	115
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	255	135	125	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	585	300	290	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	395	200	190	0	0	0
Bengali	295	150	140	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	190	90	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	80	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,560	3,700	3,865	0	0	5
Catalan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,460	715	740	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,490	715	770	0	0	0
Romanian	515	240	280	0	0	0
Spanish	4,090	2,025	2,065	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	760	410	350	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	15	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	30	20	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	160	80	85	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolof	95	60	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	230	130	100	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,630	750	885	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,630	745	880	0	0	0
Cantonese	645	295	350	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	810	370	445	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	40	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	30	50	0	0	0
Lao	70	25	40	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	40	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,345	1,755	1,590	0	5	5
English and French	945	520	430	0	0	0
English and non-official language	265	135	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,880	965	920	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	260	140	120	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	104,200	51,970	52,225	1,540	790	750
Single responses	97,680	48,705	48,975	1,525	785	740
Official languages	86,755	43,435	43,315	1,315	675	645
English	5,165	2,755	2,410	1,315	670	645
French	81,585	40,680	40,905	0	5	0
Non-official languages	10,930	5,270	5,655	205	110	100
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,920	5,265	5,650	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,995	1,020	975	0	0	0
Berber languages	555	285	270	0	0	0
Kabyle	410	210	205	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	145	85	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,430	735	700	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,420	730	695	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	935	455	480	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	45	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	835	415	425	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	15	15	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	10	10	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	370	160	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	355	155	205	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	125	65	65	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,815	2,755	3,065	195	100	90
Albanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	910	410	505	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	900	405	500	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	185	85	105	0	0	0
Russian	400	185	210	0	5	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	80	100	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	15	195	105	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	190	100	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	410	205	200	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	140	130	0	0	0
Bengali	215	110	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	60	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,300	2,045	2,255	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	585	255	330	0	0	0
Portuguese	830	395	435	0	0	0
Romanian	345	165	180	0	0	0
Spanish	2,530	1,225	1,305	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	195	90	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	45	20	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	20	15	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,300	615	685	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,300	620	685	0	0	0
Cantonese	495	225	270	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	690	335	355	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	30	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,515	3,265	3,255	15	10	5
English and French	1,250	680	565	0	0	0
English and non-official language	440	220	225	10	10	10
French and non-official language	4,130	1,995	2,135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	695	365	330	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	104,200	51,970	52,230	1,545	790	750
None	82,735	40,865	41,870	1,380	700	680
English	7,660	4,140	3,520	115	65	50
French	5,455	2,735	2,725	5	5	0
Non-official language	6,785	3,400	3,390	40	20	15
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,775	3,400	3,375	40	25	15
English and French	590	320	270	0	0	0
English and non-official language	640	330	310	0	0	0
French and non-official language	320	175	150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	89,785	44,645	45,145	1,060	530	525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,435	43,540	43,895	1,030	520	510
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,166	31,352	27,306	34,645	40,021	29,312
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,445	43,540	43,905	1,035	525	515
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,708	28,191	25,427	30,400	34,560	25,792
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,685	37,690	37,000	980	500	480
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,092	31,472	24,983	30,656	37,120	24,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,455	34,315	37,135	705	310	395
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,335	3,280	7,691	6,795	7,056	6,768
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,745	32,425	29,325	835	450	385
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,612	31,761	27,258	29,344	33,920	25,728
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	89,640	44,505	45,130	1,060	550	510
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,210	43,280	43,935	1,035	535	500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,054	39,889	34,262	82,258	44,073	123,260
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,220	43,280	43,940	1,035	535	500
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,077	32,841	29,339	56,728	37,351	77,535
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,310	37,385	36,920	985	505	480
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,061	40,208	31,862	81,012	41,504	122,854
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,565	34,220	37,345	720	330	390
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,712	6,515	8,809	7,307	7,812	6,881
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,645	32,295	29,345	815	435	375
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,412	39,565	32,942	91,096	39,627	151,216
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	89,635	44,505	45,130	1,060	550	515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,470	14,135	11,340	375	255	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,336	47,121	41,932	47,168	38,773	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,590	54,622	47,812	168,127	48,174	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	87.1	78.2	89.3	90.0	87.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.4	73.6	64.6	76.3	73.3	78.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.1	12.9	21.8	10.7	10.0	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	89,790	44,640	45,145	1,065	530	525
Without total income	2,355	1,100	1,250	30	10	15
With total income	87,435	43,540	43,895	1,035	525	510
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.5	97.2	97.2	99.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,915	6,265	5,645	130	55	75
$10,000 to $19,999	18,465	8,190	10,275	180	75	100
$20,000 to $29,999	14,325	6,550	7,775	155	70	85
$30,000 to $39,999	11,980	5,865	6,115	135	60	70
$40,000 to $49,999	9,670	4,800	4,875	125	65	60
$50,000 to $59,999	6,770	3,465	3,310	90	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,445	2,355	2,090	75	50	30
$70,000 to $79,999	3,140	1,785	1,350	45	25	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,215	1,305	910	30	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,310	820	480	25	15	5
$100,000 and over	3,200	2,135	1,060	40	35	5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,325	1,540	790	35	25	5
$150,000 and over	870	595	275	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,785	44,640	45,150	1,060	530	530
Without after-tax income	2,345	1,100	1,245	30	10	15
With after-tax income	87,445	43,545	43,900	1,035	525	515
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.5	97.2	97.6	99.1	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,190	6,355	5,835	135	60	75
$10,000 to $19,999	19,230	8,595	10,640	185	80	110
$20,000 to $29,999	17,515	8,210	9,305	185	80	105
$30,000 to $39,999	14,995	7,440	7,555	170	85	80
$40,000 to $49,999	10,090	5,075	5,005	135	75	60
$50,000 to $59,999	5,640	3,080	2,560	95	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,445	1,980	1,470	65	35	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,750	1,085	665	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	2,595	1,720	875	35	30	5
$80,000 to $89,999	985	630	350	20	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	500	340	160	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,115	750	365	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	89,790	44,640	45,145	1,065	535	530
Without employment income	28,040	12,220	15,825	230	85	145
With employment income	61,750	32,425	29,325	835	450	380
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.6	65.0	78.4	84.1	71.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,915	3,960	3,950	115	70	45
$5,000 to $9,999	4,980	2,400	2,580	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	9,865	4,855	5,015	135	65	75
$20,000 to $29,999	8,400	4,235	4,165	105	50	50
$30,000 to $39,999	8,330	4,265	4,065	90	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	6,545	3,420	3,125	100	50	50
$50,000 to $59,999	4,845	2,665	2,180	70	40	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,270	1,830	1,440	60	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,515	1,450	1,065	40	20	15
$80,000 and over	5,080	3,350	1,735	65	45	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,685	1,065	620	25	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	965	620	345	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,430	1,655	775	20	20	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	54,560	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,365	...	...	69,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	41,087	...	...	60,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	25,815	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,559	...	...	33,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,685	...	...	29,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,745	...	...	415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,495	...	...	83,310	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,260	...	...	71,270	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	54,525	...	...	545	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,269	...	...	156,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,713	...	...	107,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	25,845	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,539	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,490	...	...	33,295	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,685	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,793	...	...	197,379	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,132	...	...	133,578	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	54,560	...	...	545	...	...
Under $5,000	1,065	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,580	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,175	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,900	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,640	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,100	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,215	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,460	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,310	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,005	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,150	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,040	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,325	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,060	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,935	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,315	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,940	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,670	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,010	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	54,565	...	...	545	...	...
Under $5,000	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,595	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,200	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,100	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,125	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,835	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,260	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,200	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,720	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,340	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,370	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,195	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,020	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,260	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,560	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,670	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,515	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,115	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,045	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,370	...	...	405	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,261	...	...	83,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,515	...	...	70,656	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,525	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,347	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,243	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,570	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,132	...	...	102,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,052	...	...	85,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,245	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,464	...	...	61,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,075	...	...	52,864	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,315	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,316	...	...	197,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,864	...	...	133,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,530	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,655	...	...	76,810	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,323	...	...	65,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,455	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,190	...	...	377,751	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,219	...	...	235,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,275	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,926	...	...	61,733	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,001	...	...	55,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	34,215	17,740	16,470	150	80	65
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,017	27,155	26,929	35,456	44,928	28,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,114	24,992	25,227	30,528	37,248	26,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	34,155	17,645	16,505	145	80	70
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,336	34,621	34,031	36,106	37,769	34,176
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,053	29,048	29,058	32,037	33,813	29,974
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	103,590	51,645	51,950	1,320	675	645
In the bottom half of the distribution	71,390	35,035	36,350	730	365	365
In the bottom decile	17,875	9,270	8,605	130	65	65
In the second decile	15,005	7,000	8,010	130	65	65
In the third decile	14,600	7,045	7,555	115	55	60
In the fourth decile	12,870	6,255	6,615	185	90	90
In the fifth decile	11,030	5,470	5,565	165	85	80
In the top half of the distribution	32,205	16,605	15,600	585	310	280
In the sixth decile	8,935	4,505	4,430	180	85	90
In the seventh decile	7,705	3,955	3,755	190	100	90
In the eighth decile	6,540	3,390	3,150	95	50	45
In the ninth decile	5,310	2,780	2,535	90	50	40
In the top decile	3,710	1,980	1,730	40	20	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,595	51,645	51,950	1,315	675	645
0 to 17 years	15,865	8,045	7,820	315	165	145
0 to 5 years	6,705	3,420	3,285	100	55	50
18 to 64 years	72,100	37,010	35,095	755	380	375
65 years and over	15,630	6,590	9,040	250	125	125
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	24,175	11,840	12,335	195	100	95
0 to 17 years	3,875	1,950	1,920	50	30	20
0 to 5 years	1,495	750	745	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	16,505	8,540	7,965	95	40	50
65 years and over	3,800	1,350	2,450	55	30	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.3	22.9	23.7	14.8	14.8	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	24.4	24.2	24.6	15.9	18.2	13.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.3	21.9	22.7	25.0	18.2	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	22.9	23.1	22.7	12.6	10.5	13.3
65 years and over (%)	24.3	20.5	27.1	22.0	24.0	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	21,605	10,940	10,665	60	30	30
0 to 17 years	3,000	1,510	1,490	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	1,150	585	565	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	15,805	8,410	7,390	35	15	15
65 years and over	2,800	1,020	1,780	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	20.9	21.2	20.5	4.6	4.4	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	18.8	19.1	4.8	3.0	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	17.1	17.2	5.0	9.1	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.9	22.7	21.1	4.6	3.9	4.0
65 years and over (%)	17.9	15.5	19.7	4.0	4.0	4.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	103,380	51,470	51,910	1,315	690	630
Official languages	102,130	50,945	51,190	1,315	685	630
English	58,545	31,400	27,145	1,315	690	630
French	99,720	49,575	50,140	35	10	25
Non-official languages	32,015	15,690	16,325	70	40	25
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	32,000	15,685	16,310	70	40	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,385	3,955	3,430	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,605	850	760	0	0	0
Kabyle	1,095	575	525	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	520	280	235	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	6,660	3,560	3,100	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	6,625	3,535	3,090	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	30	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	215	100	115	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,175	590	585	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	210	95	115	15	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malay	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	45	65	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,280	1,040	1,240	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	105	45	55	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	2,115	980	1,140	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	310	150	165	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	310	150	165	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,110	8,270	8,840	35	25	10
Albanian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,825	810	1,010	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,815	805	1,005	0	0	0
Belarusan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Croatian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	440	200	240	0	0	0
Russian	980	420	560	0	0	0
Serbian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovak	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	360	145	210	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	730	415	310	35	25	10
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	55	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	620	355	270	30	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	10	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	355	180	175	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	610	315	295	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	455	245	210	0	0	0
Bengali	320	165	150	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	30	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	80	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	155	65	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	14,095	6,765	7,330	0	0	0
Catalan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italian	2,775	1,395	1,380	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,020	960	1,060	0	0	0
Romanian	645	305	340	0	0	0
Spanish	9,405	4,455	4,955	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	155	65	90	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,720	840	880	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	30	25	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	145	80	65	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	540	225	320	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	90	35	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	40	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	300	110	185	0	0	0
Wolof	200	100	95	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	525	295	235	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	190	80	110	20	15	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	150	55	90	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,940	895	1,045	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,935	895	1,040	0	0	0
Cantonese	790	350	440	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,045	485	560	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	90	30	55	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	125	70	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Lao	90	50	50	0	0	0
Thai	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	40	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	103,380	51,470	51,910	1,315	685	630
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	93,420	46,265	47,155	1,320	685	630
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,590	7,445	7,140	305	175	135
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,830	38,815	40,015	1,005	510	500
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	9,960	5,205	4,755	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	103,380	51,475	51,905	1,315	690	630
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	77,980	38,665	39,315	1,285	675	610
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	23,275	11,565	11,710	35	10	20
Before 1981	3,455	1,675	1,780	10	10	0
1981 to 1990	2,275	1,155	1,120	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	3,480	1,740	1,740	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	7,775	3,885	3,890	15	0	10
2001 to 2005	3,015	1,490	1,525	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,765	2,400	2,365	15	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	6,285	3,105	3,180	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,130	1,245	885	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	23,270	11,565	11,705	35	10	20
Under 5 years	2,165	1,110	1,055	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	3,200	1,560	1,640	10	0	15
15 to 24 years	3,880	1,840	2,045	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	12,735	6,395	6,345	15	0	0
45 years and over	1,285	665	620	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	23,270	11,565	11,710	35	10	20
Americas	5,555	2,655	2,895	0	0	0
Brazil	360	180	180	0	0	0
Colombia	550	275	285	0	0	0
El Salvador	210	105	100	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	1,710	750	960	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	610	335	275	0	0	0
Peru	380	185	195	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	20	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	290	115	175	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,405	685	720	0	0	0
Europe	6,415	3,185	3,225	10	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	10	20	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	2,470	1,310	1,160	0	0	0
Germany	95	70	30	0	0	0
Greece	165	95	70	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	815	425	395	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	10	0	0	0
Poland	235	105	135	0	0	0
Portugal	810	365	450	0	0	0
Romania	335	155	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	210	85	125	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	240	85	160	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	50	25	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	835	395	440	0	0	0
Africa	7,600	4,010	3,590	0	0	0
Algeria	3,190	1,665	1,515	0	0	0
Egypt	90	65	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	1,565	845	725	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,695	1,395	1,295	0	0	0
Asia	3,680	1,700	1,980	15	0	10
Afghanistan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	185	90	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	75	45	25	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	30	70	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	275	160	110	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Philippines	95	40	60	15	0	15
Sri Lanka	180	80	100	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam	915	460	455	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	590	260	330	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,285	3,105	3,180	0	0	0
Americas	1,475	705	770	0	0	0
Brazil	205	100	110	0	0	0
Colombia	195	110	90	0	0	0
Cuba	150	70	80	0	0	0
Haiti	390	185	205	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	215	105	105	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	30	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	180	65	110	0	0	0
Europe	1,390	720	670	0	0	0
France	955	525	430	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	125	50	80	0	0	0
Romania	40	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	20	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	85	40	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	130	60	70	0	0	0
Africa	2,870	1,440	1,435	0	0	0
Algeria	1,135	545	590	0	0	0
Cameroon	190	100	90	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	130	35	100	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	115	65	55	0	0	0
Egypt	10	15	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	545	285	260	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	225	105	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	485	285	210	0	0	0
Asia	535	230	305	0	0	0
Afghanistan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	200	85	115	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	10	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	20	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	103,380	51,470	51,910	1,315	685	630
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25,830	13,025	12,800	35	15	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,580	6,875	6,710	125	45	75
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	63,975	31,570	32,400	1,155	630	525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20,065	9,995	10,070	25	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	11,610	6,225	5,385	25	0	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	6,455	3,980	2,475	0	0	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,150	2,240	2,910	20	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,100	2,115	2,995	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,055	1,520	1,530	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	300	135	165	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	103,375	51,470	51,905	1,315	685	630
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,075	555	520	105	60	50
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,020	520	495	105	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	445	210	235	0	0	0
Métis	535	285	250	110	60	50
Inuk (Inuit)	35	35	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,305	50,915	51,390	1,210	630	580
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	103,380	51,475	51,910	1,315	685	630
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	220	55	160	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	103,160	51,410	51,745	1,315	685	630
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	103,380	51,470	51,905	1,320	685	630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	685	335	350	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	665	330	335	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	535	255	280	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	120	70	50	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,845	1,805	2,035	100	50	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,800	1,785	2,015	90	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,460	1,590	1,870	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	170	135	90	50	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	25	25	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	98,850	49,325	49,520	1,205	625	580
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	103,380	51,470	51,910	1,320	685	630
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	22,440	11,275	11,165	20	10	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	905	465	435	10	0	0
Chinese	1,945	870	1,075	0	0	0
Black	7,175	3,605	3,570	0	0	0
Filipino	135	65	65	15	0	10
Latin American	3,800	1,845	1,955	0	0	0
Arab	5,780	3,115	2,665	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,645	785	865	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	205	95	105	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Japanese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	195	90	105	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	560	270	285	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80,940	40,200	40,740	1,295	680	615
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	103,380	51,470	51,910	1,315	690	630
North American Aboriginal origins	4,535	2,140	2,390	115	60	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,050	1,875	2,180	10	0	10
Inuit	85	40	45	0	0	0
Métis	470	265	210	110	65	55
Other North American origins	50,870	24,820	26,050	465	240	225
Acadian	550	265	280	0	0	0
American	580	295	290	15	0	0
Canadian	46,610	22,570	24,040	455	235	225
New Brunswicker	35	20	20	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	4,030	2,140	1,890	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	43,895	22,125	21,775	1,105	580	525
British Isles origins	8,985	4,340	4,645	900	470	425
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,150	1,100	1,055	665	350	310
Irish	5,895	2,790	3,105	375	190	190
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,275	1,085	1,185	535	285	255
Welsh	60	20	40	60	40	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	205	100	100	10	0	10
French origins	28,040	14,495	13,545	145	85	65
Alsatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Breton	200	110	95	0	0	0
Corsican	60	45	15	0	0	0
French	27,860	14,385	13,475	145	85	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,595	1,770	1,820	250	120	130
Austrian	130	75	60	25	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,035	480	550	75	35	35
Dutch	230	135	90	15	10	10
Flemish	30	25	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,960	945	1,015	160	85	75
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	380	170	215	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	340	230	105	95	55	40
Danish	65	35	30	25	15	0
Finnish	50	40	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	40	30	10
Norwegian	110	70	40	35	15	20
Swedish	65	45	25	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	45	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,670	1,705	1,960	125	65	55
Bulgarian	165	75	95	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	95	50	45	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	25	20	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	240	125	120	0	0	0
Latvian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	115	80	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	195	95	105	0	0	0
Polish	1,155	505	645	55	30	25
Romanian	630	285	345	10	0	0
Russian	750	325	425	20	10	0
Slovak	75	45	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	820	360	460	60	40	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,855	4,910	4,950	25	10	20
Albanian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Croatian	80	20	60	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	560	235	325	0	0	0
Italian	5,470	2,790	2,685	15	10	10
Kosovar	20	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,915	915	995	0	0	0
Serbian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	2,015	970	1,045	15	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	425	195	235	0	0	0
Basque	90	55	35	0	0	0
Jewish	170	55	105	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	70	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	4,130	1,970	2,160	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	80	25	50	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	400	195	200	0	0	0
Dominican	340	135	205	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	3,005	1,440	1,565	0	0	0
Jamaican	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	70	45	30	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	30	15	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	115	55	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,190	2,055	2,135	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	115	55	60	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Brazilian	290	160	130	0	0	0
Chilean	465	190	280	0	0	0
Colombian	690	340	345	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	130	55	70	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	70	20	50	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	850	495	355	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	65	35	35	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	580	285	295	0	0	0
Salvadorean	410	175	235	0	0	0
Uruguayan	85	35	55	0	0	0
Venezuelan	255	110	145	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	160	55	105	0	0	0
African origins	11,535	6,040	5,495	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	2,655	1,420	1,235	0	0	0
Akan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Burkinabe	90	50	45	0	0	0
Cameroonian	465	270	195	0	0	0
Chadian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Congolese	840	380	460	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	175	100	80	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Liberian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	100	70	30	0	0	0
Malinké	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Peulh	95	40	55	0	0	0
Senegalese	250	135	110	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	115	75	35	0	0	0
Wolof	60	30	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	185	95	90	0	0	0
North African origins	7,325	3,840	3,480	0	0	0
Algerian	2,915	1,525	1,395	0	0	0
Berber	1,825	935	895	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	205	105	100	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	2,000	1,065	935	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	760	390	370	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	165	100	60	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	600	290	310	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Burundian	125	45	80	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	125	80	50	0	0	0
Mauritian	75	35	45	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	70	40	30	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,100	555	545	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	85	35	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,060	535	520	0	0	0
Asian origins	8,260	4,090	4,170	25	0	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,935	1,565	1,375	0	0	0
Afghan	35	20	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	1,540	840	705	0	0	0
Armenian	120	65	60	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian	155	60	90	0	0	0
Iraqi	25	25	0	0	0	0
Israeli	30	15	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurd	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	630	370	260	0	0	10
Palestinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	120	60	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turk	175	75	100	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	25	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	950	470	480	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bengali	85	45	45	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	340	170	165	0	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	20	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	285	135	145	0	0	0
Tamil	65	35	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	35	20	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,380	2,065	2,315	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	340	170	170	0	0	0
Chinese	2,620	1,195	1,425	0	0	0
Filipino	140	60	75	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Japanese	100	45	50	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Laotian	140	75	65	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	60	15	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,345	675	670	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	60	25	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	60	25	30	0	0	0
Oceania origins	70	35	35	0	0	0
Australian	30	20	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	20	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	54,525	...	...	545	...	...
Owner	16,115	...	...	490	...	...
Renter	38,410	...	...	60	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	54,520	...	...	545	...	...
Condominium	9,560	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	44,965	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	54,525	...	...	545	...	...
No bedrooms	830	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20,375	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	20,270	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,580	...	...	240	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,470	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	54,520	...	...	540	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	33,930	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	11,195	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	4,485	...	...	85	...	...
7 rooms	2,305	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,610	...	...	215	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	54,525	...	...	540	...	...
One person or fewer per room	53,700	...	...	545	...	...
More than 1 person per room	830	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	54,525	...	...	540	...	...
Suitable	51,370	...	...	530	...	...
Not suitable	3,150	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	54,525	...	...	540	...	...
1960 or before	24,990	...	...	240	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,835	...	...	145	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,130	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,615	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,160	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,030	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,770	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	54,525	...	...	545	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	49,865	...	...	495	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,655	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	54,525	...	...	540	...	...
1 household maintainer	38,225	...	...	355	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,135	...	...	185	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,165	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	54,525	...	...	540	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,725	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	11,430	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,410	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,040	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,165	...	...	135	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,360	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,815	...	...	80	...	...
85 years and over	1,575	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	54,450	...	...	405	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	37,930	...	...	345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,520	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,615	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,115	...	...	365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.3	...	...	47.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.5	...	...	11.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,215	...	...	520	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,307	...	...	674	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	350,047	...	...	100,240	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	382,789	...	...	144,070	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	38,405	...	...	40	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.3	...	...	50.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.5	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	539	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	777	...	...	632	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,635	44,505	45,130	1,060	550	515
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,720	8,125	8,600	250	155	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,565	9,030	8,530	290	180	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,355	27,350	28,005	520	210	310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,140	6,525	4,615	120	75	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,480	4,555	3,920	70	45	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,660	1,970	690	50	30	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,535	7,375	8,160	245	90	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,135	1,715	2,425	60	25	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,550	11,735	12,810	95	25	70
Bachelor's degree	15,200	7,165	8,030	75	15	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,260	1,020	1,240	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	500	280	220	10	0	0
Master's degree	5,750	2,780	2,970	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	835	490	355	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	62,840	32,390	30,450	690	350	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,010	4,375	3,635	100	65	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,130	5,625	4,500	200	125	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,700	22,390	22,315	390	155	235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,800	5,120	3,680	85	55	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,820	3,655	3,165	50	35	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,985	1,470	515	35	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,280	5,655	5,625	180	60	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,190	1,400	1,790	45	10	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,430	10,220	11,210	90	25	65
Bachelor's degree	13,090	6,230	6,860	70	15	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,950	855	1,090	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	400	215	190	0	10	0
Master's degree	5,245	2,515	2,730	10	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	740	400	340	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,640	44,510	45,130	1,060	545	515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,285	17,155	17,125	540	340	205
Education	3,200	820	2,385	40	10	35
13. Education	3,205	825	2,380	40	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,085	2,650	2,430	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	850	610	245	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	4,230	2,040	2,190	0	0	0
Humanities	4,575	1,895	2,680	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	800	200	595	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	260	80	180	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,915	825	1,085	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	250	145	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	85	35	0	0	0
54. History	420	255	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	795	295	500	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,040	2,630	4,415	25	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	140	35	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,535	620	915	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	960	110	855	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,160	420	735	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	160	45	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,010	315	695	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,070	1,085	985	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,840	4,975	6,860	100	15	80
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	870	245	625	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,955	4,720	6,230	80	20	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,135	1,125	1,020	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	925	330	590	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	350	240	110	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	205	130	80	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	540	355	185	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	70	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,030	2,245	785	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,500	1,975	525	0	0	0
25. Library science	220	60	160	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	250	155	95	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	60	55	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,455	7,300	1,155	100	100	10
04. Architecture and related services	640	365	270	10	0	0
14. Engineering	2,510	2,010	505	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,360	1,220	140	20	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,585	1,490	100	15	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,355	1,275	80	40	40	0
48. Precision production	1,000	945	55	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	715	350	365	55	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	475	220	255	50	40	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	125	115	10	0	10
Health and related fields	6,105	1,580	4,530	130	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	415	235	180	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,575	1,245	4,325	130	0	125
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	95	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,155	1,775	1,380	30	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,065	855	1,210	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	545	415	125	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	545	500	40	15	15	0
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	62,840	32,390	30,450	695	350	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,140	10,000	8,135	300	195	105
Education	2,380	635	1,745	25	0	15
13. Education	2,380	635	1,740	20	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,250	2,200	2,050	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	650	460	185	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,600	1,735	1,865	0	10	0
Humanities	3,260	1,400	1,865	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	660	190	470	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	235	75	165	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,120	520	595	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	200	115	90	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	20	0	0	0
54. History	370	235	135	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	605	220	380	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,805	2,120	3,685	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	125	25	100	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,340	540	810	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	775	85	695	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	940	305	635	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	40	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	790	210	575	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,720	920	800	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,750	4,190	5,560	65	15	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	685	200	480	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,065	3,985	5,080	50	15	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,635	815	815	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	825	300	530	0	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	130	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	55	30	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	470	300	170	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	65	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,725	2,045	680	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,275	1,805	470	0	0	0
25. Library science	185	60	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	215	130	80	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	50	45	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,940	5,880	1,060	75	70	10
04. Architecture and related services	580	335	250	10	0	0
14. Engineering	2,255	1,770	480	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,125	1,010	120	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,230	1,130	95	10	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	985	920	60	30	30	0
48. Precision production	765	715	50	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	290	315	40	30	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	390	190	205	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	105	110	15	0	10
Health and related fields	4,795	1,345	3,460	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	385	210	170	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,300	1,045	3,260	115	0	105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	85	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,535	1,470	1,070	20	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,660	735	925	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	420	315	95	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	460	420	40	10	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,640	44,505	45,130	1,060	550	515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,280	17,155	17,125	545	335	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55,355	27,350	28,005	520	210	305
Location of study inside Canada	46,210	22,625	23,590	500	200	300
Same as province or territory of residence	45,140	21,975	23,165	445	170	275
Different than province or territory of residence	1,070	650	425	50	25	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,140	4,725	4,415	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	325	200	125	10	10	0
Philippines	55	15	40	10	0	10
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	145	90	65	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	325	145	180	0	0	0
France	2,565	1,395	1,165	0	0	0
Other	5,715	2,875	2,840	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	62,840	32,390	30,450	690	350	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,140	10,000	8,135	300	195	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,705	22,395	22,310	390	155	235
Location of study inside Canada	36,440	18,180	18,260	375	140	230
Same as province or territory of residence	35,560	17,665	17,895	335	125	215
Different than province or territory of residence	885	520	365	40	20	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,265	4,210	4,050	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	265	160	95	10	15	0
Philippines	40	10	30	10	10	10
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	115	60	55	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	315	140	175	0	0	0
France	2,390	1,295	1,095	0	0	0
Other	5,130	2,540	2,590	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	89,640	44,505	45,130	1,060	545	515
In the labour force	57,855	30,670	27,190	760	415	345
Employed	52,840	27,810	25,035	695	375	320
Unemployed	5,015	2,860	2,155	65	40	30
Not in the labour force	31,780	13,840	17,940	300	135	165
Participation rate	64.5	68.9	60.2	71.7	76.1	67.0
Employment rate	58.9	62.5	55.5	65.6	68.8	62.1
Unemployment rate	8.7	9.3	7.9	8.6	9.6	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	89,640	44,505	45,130	1,060	550	515
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,020	13,550	17,470	250	100	150
Worked	58,620	30,955	27,665	810	450	360
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,030	14,505	11,525	385	260	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,585	16,450	16,140	425	190	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.3	41.9	43.1	42.9	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,860	30,665	27,190	760	415	345
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,925	1,060	865	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	55,930	29,605	26,325	750	410	345
Employee	50,340	26,120	24,220	570	265	305
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,590	3,485	2,105	190	145	45
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,860	30,670	27,190	760	415	350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,925	1,065	865	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	55,930	29,605	26,325	755	410	345
0 Management occupations	4,370	2,690	1,680	165	110	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,155	3,860	6,300	90	15	70
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,625	3,690	935	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	3,640	1,030	2,610	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,085	2,305	4,785	65	15	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,080	2,165	1,910	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	14,860	7,730	7,135	85	20	60
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,070	4,700	370	125	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	175	145	30	110	105	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,870	1,300	570	15	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,860	30,670	27,195	765	415	350
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,925	1,065	865	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	55,930	29,605	26,330	755	410	345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	55	95	240	200	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	50	10	25	20	10
22 Utilities	365	225	140	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,070	1,785	295	40	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,130	2,875	1,255	25	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,635	1,070	570	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,165	3,040	3,125	30	10	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,175	1,665	510	25	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,050	1,810	1,240	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	3,005	1,380	1,625	35	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	940	605	340	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,085	3,055	2,035	25	10	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	15	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,360	2,145	1,215	15	10	10
61 Educational services	4,385	1,740	2,650	45	10	40
62 Health care and social assistance	7,240	1,955	5,290	130	10	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,075	1,055	1,020	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,280	2,380	1,900	20	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,800	1,295	1,515	15	0	10
91 Public administration	2,920	1,420	1,495	50	20	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	52,840	27,810	25,035	695	375	320
Worked at home	2,990	1,690	1,300	195	145	50
Worked outside Canada	150	95	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,485	3,150	1,340	75	60	15
Worked at usual place	45,215	22,870	22,350	425	170	255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	45,220	22,870	22,345	425	170	250
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	39,330	19,195	20,140	170	70	100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,390	900	490	85	25	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,395	2,720	1,675	170	75	100
Commute to a different province or territory	100	60	40	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	49,700	26,015	23,680	500	230	275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20,675	12,485	8,195	435	200	230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,115	380	735	25	0	20
Public transit	21,685	9,940	11,740	0	0	0
Walked	3,585	1,545	2,040	40	20	15
Bicycle	2,245	1,395	850	0	0	10
Other method	400	280	125	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	49,700	26,020	23,685	500	225	270
Less than 15 minutes	6,275	3,025	3,250	215	90	125
15 to 29 minutes	14,935	8,115	6,815	125	40	85
30 to 44 minutes	16,715	9,095	7,615	95	50	40
45 to 59 minutes	7,300	3,600	3,705	45	35	15
60 minutes and over	4,480	2,180	2,295	25	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	49,700	26,020	23,680	500	230	270
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,770	1,920	850	40	35	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,110	4,275	2,825	70	25	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,850	6,345	7,510	180	110	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,480	5,370	6,110	155	45	105
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,195	3,110	3,085	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,305	5,000	3,305	40	0	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,690	31,995	28,700	815	445	365
Single responses	54,810	28,690	26,115	810	450	360
Official languages	54,315	28,420	25,895	810	445	365
English	5,810	3,310	2,505	810	450	365
French	48,500	25,110	23,390	0	0	0
Non-official languages	500	270	225	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	495	270	220	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	60	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	225	100	120	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	15	30	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	35	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	75	85	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	105	50	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	80	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	80	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	30	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,880	3,300	2,585	0	0	0
English and French	5,405	3,045	2,360	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	195	105	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	245	130	115	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,695	31,995	28,700	815	450	360
None	35,170	18,290	16,880	805	445	365
English	19,960	10,660	9,290	0	0	0
French	4,095	2,285	1,810	0	10	0
Non-official language	900	480	420	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	900	480	425	0	0	0
English and French	45	30	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	445	210	235	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	35	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	102,210	50,955	51,260	1,280	665	615
Non-movers	84,585	41,950	42,635	1,155	610	540
Movers	17,620	8,995	8,620	125	55	70
Non-migrants	13,410	6,850	6,560	55	25	30
Migrants	4,215	2,150	2,065	75	35	45
Internal migrants	2,995	1,555	1,440	70	30	40
Intraprovincial migrants	2,705	1,380	1,325	40	25	15
Interprovincial migrants	295	175	115	35	10	25
External migrants	1,220	595	620	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	97,725	48,545	49,185	1,245	645	605
Non-movers	49,360	23,755	25,605	1,000	535	470
Movers	48,360	24,785	23,575	250	110	140
Non-migrants	32,830	16,780	16,045	40	15	25
Migrants	15,535	8,005	7,530	210	100	115
Internal migrants	9,160	4,730	4,425	210	100	110
Intraprovincial migrants	8,405	4,290	4,115	145	70	75
Interprovincial migrants	760	440	315	65	25	40
External migrants	6,370	3,270	3,100	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Grassland, MU [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Grassland, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Grassland, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hochelaga [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Grassland, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba