Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Saint-Louis Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	108,579	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,795	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.2	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,778	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	39,370	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,385.2	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	78.38	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	108,580	52,340	56,240	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	17,635	8,995	8,640	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	4,615	2,305	2,305	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	6,050	3,105	2,940	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	6,975	3,585	3,390	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	70,960	34,480	36,480	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	8,050	4,120	3,930	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	7,625	3,885	3,740	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	4,715	2,405	2,310	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	4,345	2,085	2,260	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	5,520	2,500	3,025	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	6,570	3,025	3,540	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	8,330	3,875	4,455	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	9,840	4,730	5,110	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	8,935	4,445	4,495	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	7,020	3,415	3,605	20	10	15
65 years and over	19,985	8,865	11,120	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	5,895	2,835	3,060	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	4,440	2,125	2,315	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	3,250	1,430	1,820	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,740	1,130	1,610	5	0	0
85 years and over	3,660	1,340	2,315	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	2,060	765	1,300	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,240	455	785	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	320	115	210	0	0	0
100 years and over	35	10	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	17.2	15.4	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	65.4	65.9	64.9	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	18.4	16.9	19.8	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	3.4	2.6	4.1	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	42.4	41.3	43.5	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	44.9	43.7	45.8	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	39,370	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	26,145	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,715	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,465	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,735	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	3,295	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	345	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,025	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	39,370	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	8,715	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	11,870	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	6,905	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	8,215	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	3,665	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	105,740	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	90,940	43,340	47,605	235	120	115
Married or living common law	53,750	26,815	26,940	165	85	85
Married	46,795	23,355	23,440	150	75	75
Living common law	6,955	3,455	3,500	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	37,190	16,530	20,660	70	35	35
Never married	25,135	13,090	12,045	40	25	10
Separated	1,325	510	815	5	0	5
Divorced	5,145	1,745	3,400	10	5	5
Widowed	5,585	1,190	4,395	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,520	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	12,450	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	6,930	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	8,255	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	2,885	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,520	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	26,200	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	22,725	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	3,475	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,315	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	3,335	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	985	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,200	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	9,955	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	16,240	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	5,545	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	7,900	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	2,795	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,320	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,490	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,380	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	445	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,940	4,845	7,085	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	39,370	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	29,305	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,460	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,845	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	595	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,470	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	8,715	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	755	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	107,140	51,750	55,395	270	140	130
English only	22,340	10,770	11,575	265	140	125
French only	5,570	2,290	3,285	0	0	0
English and French	77,725	38,090	39,635	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	1,505	600	900	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	107,145	51,750	55,395	270	140	135
English	67,615	33,140	34,475	270	140	130
French	29,395	13,745	15,650	0	0	0
English and French	8,680	4,285	4,400	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,450	575	870	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	71,960	35,285	36,675	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	67.2	68.2	66.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	107,145	51,750	55,395	270	140	130
Single responses	101,895	49,170	52,725	275	135	130
Official languages	71,925	34,745	37,180	270	140	135
English	47,045	23,075	23,970	270	140	130
French	24,880	11,665	13,215	0	0	0
Non-official languages	29,965	14,430	15,540	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,925	14,410	15,520	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,075	2,105	1,970	0	0	0
Berber languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Kabyle	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,985	2,060	1,925	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	3,880	2,005	1,875	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	70	45	35	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	420	195	225	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	365	170	195	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	910	325	580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	25	5	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	760	275	485	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	565	255	310	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	505	230	275	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	735	365	370	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tamil	640	315	320	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	18,095	8,745	9,350	0	0	0
Albanian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	310	150	165	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,305	1,530	1,770	0	0	0
Baltic languages	85	20	65	0	0	0
Latvian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,220	1,510	1,710	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	185	85	100	0	0	0
Croatian	135	65	70	0	0	0
Czech	120	60	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,075	495	580	0	0	0
Russian	1,035	490	545	0	0	0
Serbian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Slovak	95	40	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	335	155	180	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,625	725	900	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	230	115	115	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,190	520	675	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	60	25	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	1,215	620	590	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,375	1,705	1,675	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,080	1,050	1,030	0	0	0
Bengali	140	75	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	435	215	220	0	0	0
Hindi	260	115	145	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	680	355	315	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Urdu	470	235	230	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,290	650	640	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	40	25	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,235	610	625	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	8,215	3,990	4,220	0	0	0
Catalan	10	5	10	0	0	0
Italian	3,990	1,995	1,990	0	0	0
Portuguese	755	345	410	0	0	0
Romanian	1,120	555	565	0	0	0
Spanish	2,335	1,090	1,250	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	30	75	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	115	135	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	190	95	95	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,880	1,855	2,025	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,875	1,850	2,020	0	0	0
Cantonese	780	355	420	0	0	0
Hakka	40	15	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,840	1,375	1,465	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	215	100	120	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkish	175	85	90	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	385	180	200	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	325	160	170	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,245	2,580	2,675	0	0	0
English and French	2,295	1,150	1,145	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,490	715	780	0	0	0
French and non-official language	715	345	370	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	745	370	375	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	107,140	51,750	55,395	270	140	130
Single responses	99,290	47,975	51,315	270	140	130
Official languages	84,730	40,950	43,780	275	140	130
English	62,950	30,775	32,175	270	140	135
French	21,780	10,180	11,605	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,560	7,020	7,540	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,540	7,015	7,530	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,255	1,135	1,120	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,220	1,120	1,095	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	10	0	0	0
Arabic	2,190	1,105	1,085	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	115	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	205	105	105	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	290	125	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	115	155	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	255	115	135	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	225	100	125	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	470	230	240	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	430	210	220	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,375	3,510	3,865	0	0	0
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	130	50	75	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,655	795	855	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,640	795	845	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Croatian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	495	240	255	0	0	0
Russian	715	355	360	0	0	0
Serbian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	160	185	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	125	140	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	110	140	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,030	990	1,040	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,150	570	585	0	0	0
Bengali	85	40	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	235	120	125	0	0	0
Hindi	105	45	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	255	120	135	0	0	0
Iranian languages	875	425	450	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	850	405	445	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,940	1,385	1,560	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	420	175	245	0	0	0
Portuguese	265	120	145	0	0	0
Romanian	805	395	410	0	0	0
Spanish	1,450	695	750	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	180	85	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,080	1,515	1,565	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,075	1,510	1,565	0	0	0
Cantonese	415	195	225	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,505	1,250	1,255	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	105	45	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,850	3,780	4,075	0	0	0
English and French	2,445	1,185	1,255	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,175	1,525	1,645	0	0	0
French and non-official language	880	415	470	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,350	650	700	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	107,140	51,745	55,395	270	140	130
None	72,335	34,990	37,345	270	140	130
English	10,530	4,985	5,545	0	0	0
French	12,695	6,300	6,395	0	0	0
Non-official language	8,500	3,985	4,510	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,485	3,985	4,505	0	0	0
English and French	1,365	670	695	0	0	0
English and non-official language	440	215	225	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,245	585	660	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	88,120	42,345	45,775	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,335	40,010	43,325	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,061	44,895	33,067	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,365	40,020	43,350	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,280	38,232	29,405	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,010	37,450	39,565	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,061	43,129	28,707	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,320	25,335	33,990	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,111	3,486	6,355	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,090	31,540	30,545	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,558	41,867	30,626	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	88,115	42,335	45,785	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,320	39,995	43,330	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,468	73,619	44,483	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,350	40,000	43,345	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,437	53,757	35,835	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,165	37,615	39,545	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,160	73,587	41,539	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,390	25,535	33,855	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,764	6,912	8,407	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,160	31,710	30,450	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,673	70,542	42,229	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	88,115	42,335	45,785	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,995	16,000	13,000	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,562	70,097	53,842	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	83,955	100,269	63,871	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.6	93.9	85.7	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.1	75.6	66.9	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.4	6.1	14.3	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	88,120	42,345	45,775	235	115	120
Without total income	4,780	2,335	2,445	5	0	5
With total income	83,340	40,010	43,330	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	94.6	94.5	94.7	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,590	5,510	7,080	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	12,425	5,130	7,300	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	9,835	4,000	5,835	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	8,400	3,640	4,765	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	7,795	3,360	4,430	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,190	2,795	3,400	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,900	2,335	2,570	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,295	2,090	2,200	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,305	1,770	1,540	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,430	1,425	1,000	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	11,170	7,960	3,210	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	6,320	4,290	2,025	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	4,860	3,670	1,185	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	88,120	42,345	45,775	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	4,750	2,325	2,425	5	0	5
With after-tax income	83,370	40,020	43,345	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	94.6	94.5	94.7	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,225	5,650	7,575	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	13,105	5,460	7,645	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	11,700	4,865	6,835	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	11,105	4,855	6,250	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	8,890	3,965	4,920	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,795	3,300	3,495	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,140	2,695	2,440	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,475	2,115	1,360	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	9,935	7,110	2,820	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,455	1,635	815	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,700	1,180	520	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,785	4,295	1,485	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	88,115	42,345	45,775	235	115	115
Without employment income	26,030	10,800	15,230	105	35	65
With employment income	62,090	31,545	30,545	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	70.5	74.5	66.7	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,905	4,440	4,470	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	5,200	2,290	2,905	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	7,930	3,600	4,330	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	5,990	2,625	3,360	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	5,405	2,365	3,035	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	4,940	2,150	2,785	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,085	1,840	2,240	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,335	1,580	1,755	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,240	1,565	1,670	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	13,070	9,080	3,985	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,310	1,355	955	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,860	1,155	700	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	8,895	6,570	2,325	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	39,370	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,972	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,753	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,715	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,471	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,856	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,650	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,110	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,763	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	39,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	123,844	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	94,156	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,700	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,184	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,440	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,635	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	143,349	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,564	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	39,370	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	940	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,150	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,170	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,285	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,300	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,335	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,650	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,520	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,365	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,250	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,125	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,780	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,440	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,445	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,440	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,450	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,370	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	535	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	315	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	570	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	990	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,345	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,350	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,540	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,645	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,645	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,670	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,285	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,155	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,875	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,670	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,410	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,380	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,695	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,115	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,575	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,170	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,733	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,052	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,245	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,565	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,644	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,285	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,327	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,024	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,090	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,468	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,331	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,140	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	144,056	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,987	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,220	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	119,156	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,950	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,290	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	172,898	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,963	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,075	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	88,885	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,814	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,235	4,260	5,980	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,745	39,415	36,546	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,851	33,810	32,251	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	10,130	4,135	6,000	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	52,304	57,515	48,712	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,359	44,166	39,424	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	105,745	51,340	54,405	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	40,980	19,365	21,615	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	5,950	2,875	3,075	30	15	10
In the second decile	6,895	3,130	3,765	70	30	40
In the third decile	8,655	4,045	4,610	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	9,540	4,545	4,995	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	9,940	4,770	5,170	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	64,765	31,970	32,790	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	10,575	5,150	5,425	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	11,655	5,650	6,005	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	12,400	6,155	6,250	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	13,280	6,610	6,670	20	10	10
In the top decile	16,850	8,415	8,430	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	105,740	51,340	54,400	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	22,240	11,380	10,860	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	5,680	2,835	2,840	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	65,965	31,920	34,050	160	85	75
65 years and over	17,540	8,045	9,495	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,160	4,295	4,870	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,165	1,130	1,040	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	510	265	250	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,455	2,600	2,855	40	20	15
65 years and over	1,540	565	975	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7	8.4	9.0	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	9.9	9.6	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.3	8.8	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.1	8.4	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.0	10.3	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,975	3,305	3,670	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	1,580	820	760	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	365	185	180	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,435	2,155	2,280	10	5	5
65 years and over	960	335	630	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.4	6.7	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	7.2	7.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.5	6.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.8	6.7	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	5.5	4.2	6.6	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,730	51,350	54,380	245	150	100
Official languages	104,215	50,740	53,480	245	145	95
English	98,880	48,480	50,395	245	150	95
French	82,640	40,195	42,445	0	0	0
Non-official languages	42,480	20,185	22,295	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40	15	30	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	42,420	20,165	22,255	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,160	3,105	3,055	0	0	0
Berber languages	165	75	90	0	0	0
Kabyle	100	50	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	20	40	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	6,045	3,050	2,995	0	0	0
Amharic	45	20	25	0	0	0
Arabic	5,660	2,855	2,805	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	340	175	165	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	500	235	260	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	455	220	235	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,290	495	800	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	25	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	100	35	65	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	80	20	60	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,115	440	680	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,295	565	735	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	60	30	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,135	465	665	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	105	65	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,050	535	510	0	0	0
Kannada	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	50	40	0	0	0
Tamil	900	460	435	0	0	0
Telugu	50	30	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,385	12,930	14,460	0	0	0
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	430	205	225	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,070	1,910	2,160	0	0	0
Baltic languages	115	40	70	0	0	0
Latvian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,960	1,870	2,090	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	220	110	100	0	0	0
Croatian	155	80	70	0	0	0
Czech	215	95	120	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,370	600	770	0	0	0
Russian	1,475	720	760	0	0	0
Serbian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Slovak	75	25	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	485	235	255	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,180	1,425	1,750	0	0	0
Afrikaans	60	40	20	0	0	0
Danish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	340	165	175	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,615	1,180	1,430	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Swedish	115	35	80	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	2,080	945	1,125	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,535	2,365	2,170	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,820	1,480	1,340	0	0	0
Bengali	200	100	100	0	0	0
Gujarati	575	305	265	0	0	0
Hindi	1,045	525	520	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	40	25	20	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,020	520	500	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Urdu	695	400	295	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,740	905	835	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	25	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,695	875	820	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	14,360	6,645	7,710	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	6,565	3,090	3,470	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Romanian	1,375	680	695	0	0	0
Spanish	6,340	2,785	3,560	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	255	115	145	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	305	135	175	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	430	220	215	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ewe	20	15	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	15	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	80	40	40	0	0	0
Wolof	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	220	95	115	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,435	2,145	2,290	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,435	2,140	2,295	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,090	475	615	0	0	0
Hakka	45	20	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,505	1,720	1,785	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	40	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	130	55	70	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	55	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Lao	70	40	35	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	370	175	190	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	70	25	45	0	0	0
Turkish	270	140	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	440	225	210	0	0	0
Estonian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Finnish	45	25	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	355	195	160	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,735	51,350	54,385	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	98,405	47,800	50,605	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,690	10,620	10,070	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	77,715	37,185	40,535	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,325	3,550	3,775	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,730	51,350	54,380	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	74,140	36,185	37,955	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	30,330	14,545	15,785	0	0	0
Before 1981	9,520	4,685	4,840	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	3,880	1,840	2,040	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,360	2,490	2,875	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	7,380	3,420	3,965	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,880	1,785	2,095	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,505	1,640	1,870	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	4,185	2,115	2,070	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,260	620	640	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	30,330	14,550	15,785	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,330	1,620	1,705	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,180	2,650	2,535	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	5,810	2,560	3,255	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	13,845	6,695	7,155	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30,330	14,545	15,785	0	0	0
Americas	4,780	2,075	2,710	0	0	0
Brazil	240	90	150	0	0	0
Colombia	310	125	185	0	0	0
El Salvador	65	45	20	0	0	0
Guyana	250	120	125	0	0	0
Haiti	645	260	380	0	0	0
Jamaica	220	110	115	0	0	0
Mexico	430	180	245	0	0	0
Peru	265	75	185	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	280	125	150	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,065	495	565	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,015	440	580	0	0	0
Europe	9,740	4,850	4,890	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	25	20	0	0	0
Croatia	75	40	35	0	0	0
France	880	475	400	0	0	0
Germany	735	305	430	0	0	0
Greece	385	195	185	0	0	0
Hungary	160	85	80	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	125	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	1,265	685	580	0	0	0
Netherlands	160	85	70	0	0	0
Poland	785	350	430	0	0	0
Portugal	280	120	160	0	0	0
Romania	1,000	485	515	0	0	0
Russian Federation	370	185	190	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	130	65	65	0	0	0
Ukraine	250	120	125	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,695	885	805	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,400	660	735	0	0	0
Africa	4,810	2,430	2,380	0	0	0
Algeria	290	155	140	0	0	0
Egypt	2,830	1,435	1,395	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kenya	65	30	40	0	0	0
Morocco	395	190	205	0	0	0
Nigeria	100	60	40	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	110	55	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	965	480	485	0	0	0
Asia	10,915	5,155	5,760	0	0	0
Afghanistan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	145	60	80	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,565	1,210	1,355	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	315	140	180	0	0	0
India	1,510	795	715	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,320	660	655	0	0	0
Iraq	100	60	40	0	0	0
Japan	95	15	80	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	180	85	95	0	0	0
Lebanon	760	400	360	0	0	0
Pakistan	450	215	235	0	0	0
Philippines	1,120	455	665	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	535	265	270	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	175	55	125	0	0	0
Taiwan	110	40	65	0	0	0
Viet Nam	320	130	190	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,195	555	635	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,185	2,115	2,070	0	0	0
Americas	620	270	345	0	0	0
Brazil	90	40	45	0	0	0
Colombia	55	20	30	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	160	75	85	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	90	35	55	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	120	60	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	25	40	0	0	0
Europe	525	325	205	0	0	0
France	90	65	30	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Romania	80	40	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	50	40	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	90	60	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	95	55	45	0	0	0
Africa	1,300	655	635	0	0	0
Algeria	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	10	15	0	0	0
Egypt	1,025	530	495	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	60	30	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	30	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	30	40	0	0	0
Asia	1,740	860	875	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	760	395	365	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	140	75	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	275	150	130	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	30	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	210	95	115	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	20	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	35	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,730	51,350	54,385	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	32,465	15,655	16,815	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	27,500	13,690	13,810	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	45,770	22,010	23,760	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	21,240	10,080	11,155	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	13,485	6,765	6,720	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	5,690	3,465	2,225	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	7,795	3,300	4,500	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,265	2,055	3,210	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,270	1,170	1,095	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	220	85	130	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,730	51,350	54,380	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	705	320	380	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	685	320	360	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	350	165	180	15	15	0
Métis	280	130	150	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	105,025	51,025	54,000	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,730	51,350	54,385	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	65	80	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	105,585	51,280	54,305	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,730	51,350	54,380	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	225	115	105	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	205	105	100	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	140	80	65	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	15	15	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	40	15	15	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,895	920	975	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,870	910	960	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,430	695	735	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	200	195	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	103,615	50,310	53,300	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,730	51,350	54,385	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	26,270	12,900	13,365	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	4,945	2,600	2,345	0	0	0
Chinese	5,325	2,515	2,815	0	0	0
Black	4,365	2,160	2,210	0	0	0
Filipino	1,665	740	925	0	0	0
Latin American	1,535	700	840	0	0	0
Arab	4,250	2,155	2,095	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	790	380	410	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,355	680	675	0	0	0
Korean	340	145	190	0	0	0
Japanese	340	135	205	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	540	275	265	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	805	410	395	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	79,465	38,450	41,015	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,730	51,350	54,380	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	2,120	1,035	1,085	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,620	795	830	30	30	10
Inuit	95	45	55	0	0	0
Métis	455	220	235	0	0	0
Other North American origins	29,460	14,135	15,330	200	120	75
Acadian	390	150	245	0	0	0
American	1,505	695	805	0	0	0
Canadian	27,485	13,215	14,275	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Québécois	865	400	465	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	30	10	20	0	0	0
European origins	66,495	32,375	34,125	50	30	20
British Isles origins	30,855	14,910	15,945	50	30	20
Channel Islander	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	10	0	0	0
English	13,700	6,715	6,980	45	30	20
Irish	15,215	7,105	8,115	0	0	0
Manx	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	12,555	5,875	6,680	20	10	10
Welsh	1,235	545	690	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,400	1,690	1,710	0	0	0
French origins	19,780	9,565	10,220	0	0	0
Alsatian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Breton	35	15	20	0	0	0
Corsican	15	10	10	0	0	0
French	19,745	9,550	10,200	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,575	4,525	5,050	0	0	0
Austrian	740	365	380	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	875	425	450	0	0	0
Dutch	1,785	810	975	0	0	0
Flemish	40	10	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,150	2,950	3,200	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	840	455	385	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,700	750	945	0	0	0
Danish	395	155	235	0	0	0
Finnish	300	130	170	0	0	0
Icelandic	95	65	35	0	0	0
Norwegian	385	175	215	0	0	0
Swedish	495	215	280	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	145	75	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	12,480	6,135	6,340	0	0	0
Bulgarian	290	150	145	0	0	0
Byelorussian	120	60	55	0	0	0
Czech	450	195	255	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Estonian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,380	740	640	0	0	0
Latvian	110	45	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	445	230	215	0	0	0
Moldovan	95	50	45	0	0	0
Polish	4,490	2,170	2,325	0	0	0
Romanian	2,035	1,000	1,035	0	0	0
Russian	2,270	1,170	1,100	0	0	0
Slovak	365	165	205	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,450	1,255	1,200	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	105	75	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	19,570	9,650	9,915	0	0	0
Albanian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Catalan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Croatian	315	175	140	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	3,325	1,660	1,670	0	0	0
Italian	12,630	6,185	6,445	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	70	40	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	35	25	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,670	840	820	0	0	0
Serbian	245	120	125	0	0	0
Sicilian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	205	120	90	0	0	0
Spanish	2,000	1,000	995	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	750	415	335	0	0	0
Basque	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jewish	575	320	260	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	140	75	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	3,485	1,670	1,815	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	275	135	140	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuban	155	75	80	0	0	0
Dominican	110	50	60	0	0	0
Grenadian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	1,480	725	760	0	0	0
Jamaican	675	360	320	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	35	10	25	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	420	160	260	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	120	45	70	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	295	150	145	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	75	30	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,180	1,535	1,650	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	100	40	60	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	295	125	165	0	0	0
Chilean	130	70	60	0	0	0
Colombian	530	225	305	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	115	65	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	310	150	160	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	745	385	360	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	390	180	210	0	0	0
Salvadorean	110	65	45	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	125	50	75	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	95	50	45	0	0	0
African origins	7,140	3,625	3,520	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	770	445	325	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	160	65	100	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	130	50	80	0	0	0
Edo	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	155	120	35	0	0	0
Guinean	55	35	20	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	120	75	45	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	55	35	15	0	0	0
North African origins	5,220	2,655	2,570	0	0	0
Algerian	430	225	205	0	0	0
Berber	230	130	100	0	0	0
Coptic	170	85	85	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	3,845	1,970	1,870	0	0	0
Libyan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	640	325	315	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	10	35	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	460	200	265	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	45	20	25	0	0	0
Mauritian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	30	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	0	0	0	0
South African	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	750	350	395	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	85	40	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	665	310	355	0	0	0
Asian origins	21,395	10,575	10,825	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	7,055	3,595	3,465	0	0	0
Afghan	60	45	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	355	200	160	0	0	0
Armenian	940	450	490	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,895	945	950	0	0	0
Iraqi	150	80	70	0	0	0
Israeli	160	75	85	0	0	0
Jordanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kazakh	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kurd	50	30	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	2,385	1,240	1,140	0	0	0
Palestinian	400	205	200	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Syrian	525	250	280	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	80	50	25	0	0	0
Turk	355	185	175	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	110	55	55	0	0	0
South Asian origins	5,415	2,850	2,565	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	135	60	70	0	0	0
Bengali	40	25	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	3,705	1,985	1,725	0	0	0
Goan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	560	305	255	0	0	0
Punjabi	155	65	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	820	390	430	0	0	0
Tamil	180	95	85	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,200	4,280	4,920	0	0	0
Burmese	50	35	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	80	35	45	0	0	0
Chinese	6,020	2,875	3,150	10	0	0
Filipino	1,865	835	1,025	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	95	35	60	0	0	0
Japanese	400	160	245	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	375	170	205	0	0	0
Laotian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	85	25	60	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	545	265	280	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	25	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	225	115	110	0	0	0
Australian	160	80	75	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	20	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	39,335	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	30,680	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	8,655	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	39,335	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	2,770	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	36,570	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	39,340	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,975	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,500	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,955	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,795	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	39,335	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,270	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	3,975	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	4,855	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	5,675	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,565	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	39,340	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	38,860	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	480	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	39,335	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	38,125	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	1,210	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	39,340	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	9,880	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,115	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,380	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,370	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,305	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,495	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	795	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	39,340	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,030	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,305	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	39,340	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,990	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,745	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	600	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	39,340	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	395	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,780	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,060	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,900	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,150	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,065	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,480	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,510	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,295	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	31,440	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,850	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,760	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,675	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.9	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,182	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,348	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	414,199	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	481,781	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,660	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	959	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,102	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	88,120	42,335	45,785	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,000	4,480	4,525	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,880	8,925	9,955	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60,240	28,930	31,305	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,980	3,645	2,335	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,090	2,340	1,750	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,895	1,305	585	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,550	7,560	9,990	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,360	1,375	1,985	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	33,345	16,350	16,990	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	21,295	9,945	11,355	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,805	1,225	1,580	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	820	450	365	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,870	3,670	3,200	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,545	1,055	495	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,960	26,315	28,650	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,440	1,385	1,055	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,180	4,410	4,765	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,345	20,520	22,820	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,015	2,420	1,590	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,815	1,625	1,185	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,200	790	400	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,505	4,655	5,845	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,375	985	1,385	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	26,455	12,460	13,995	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	16,960	7,680	9,275	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,195	920	1,275	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	645	315	335	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,545	2,855	2,690	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,110	695	420	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	88,115	42,330	45,785	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,880	13,400	14,480	150	85	65
Education	3,480	685	2,795	0	0	0
13. Education	3,480	690	2,790	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,625	1,070	1,560	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	225	190	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,400	875	1,520	0	0	0
Humanities	4,020	1,230	2,790	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	965	150	815	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	710	185	520	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,345	400	945	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	110	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	90	50	0	0	0
54. History	400	235	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	285	60	225	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,010	3,015	4,990	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	80	20	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	670	255	415	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	815	85	730	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	965	360	605	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	25	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,285	340	945	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	4,095	1,930	2,170	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	15,670	7,085	8,585	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	425	80	350	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,235	7,010	8,225	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,505	2,465	2,040	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,565	675	895	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,290	720	565	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	250	135	115	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,290	900	390	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	40	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,870	1,800	1,075	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,210	1,535	675	10	0	10
25. Library science	225	10	205	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	390	230	160	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,210	8,780	1,425	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	410	235	170	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,280	4,300	975	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,750	1,545	205	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	780	755	20	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,390	1,360	35	10	0	0
48. Precision production	610	595	20	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	425	345	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	515	320	195	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	250	105	145	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,230	1,450	4,780	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	510	240	270	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,435	1,050	4,385	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	280	160	125	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,835	910	925	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,035	250	780	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	300	205	100	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	480	435	45	10	10	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,960	26,310	28,645	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,615	5,790	5,830	105	65	40
Education	2,230	385	1,845	0	0	0
13. Education	2,230	385	1,840	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,870	765	1,110	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	130	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,705	630	1,080	0	0	0
Humanities	2,610	820	1,790	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	720	120	600	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	470	135	335	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	745	215	530	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	65	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	75	30	0	0	0
54. History	280	175	105	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	180	35	140	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,845	2,155	3,685	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	20	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	490	185	305	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	625	80	555	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	780	255	520	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	990	255	735	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,830	1,360	1,470	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,015	5,345	6,665	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	360	55	310	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,640	5,295	6,345	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,575	1,310	1,265	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,170	465	705	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	400	225	175	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	20	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	880	580	305	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,400	1,510	885	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,980	1,365	620	0	0	0
25. Library science	140	15	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	235	125	115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	15	30	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,505	6,250	1,255	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	325	180	150	0	0	0
14. Engineering	4,130	3,235	895	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,185	1,035	150	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	490	480	15	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	980	955	30	10	10	0
48. Precision production	395	375	15	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	300	240	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	225	155	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	80	90	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,420	1,030	3,380	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	420	200	225	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,785	730	3,060	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	100	105	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,335	645	690	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	765	185	580	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	195	125	70	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	325	40	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	88,115	42,330	45,785	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,880	13,400	14,475	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	60,235	28,930	31,310	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	47,815	22,610	25,210	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	43,580	20,420	23,165	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	4,230	2,190	2,045	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,425	6,325	6,100	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,415	875	545	0	0	0
Philippines	495	160	330	0	0	0
India	510	270	240	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,115	640	475	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,115	520	590	0	0	0
France	695	420	280	0	0	0
Other	7,075	3,440	3,645	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,960	26,315	28,645	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,615	5,790	5,830	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	43,345	20,520	22,820	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	34,150	16,015	18,135	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	31,080	14,480	16,600	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	3,070	1,540	1,535	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,190	4,510	4,685	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	940	565	380	0	0	0
Philippines	415	140	275	0	0	0
India	315	155	160	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	595	335	265	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	970	450	515	0	0	0
France	525	295	225	0	0	0
Other	5,425	2,560	2,865	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	88,115	42,330	45,785	210	125	90
In the labour force	57,370	29,720	27,650	85	70	20
Employed	53,580	27,735	25,850	65	50	15
Unemployed	3,790	1,985	1,805	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	30,745	12,610	18,130	130	55	65
Participation rate	65.1	70.2	60.4	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	60.8	65.5	56.5	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.7	6.5	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	88,115	42,335	45,785	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	28,400	11,445	16,955	120	50	65
Worked	59,720	30,885	28,835	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,880	16,660	13,215	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,840	14,225	15,620	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.8	42.2	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,370	29,720	27,655	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,405	695	710	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	55,965	29,025	26,940	85	65	20
Employee	48,340	23,945	24,395	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,625	5,075	2,545	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,370	29,720	27,650	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,400	695	710	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	55,965	29,025	26,940	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	9,170	5,960	3,210	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,430	3,575	6,855	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,975	4,620	1,350	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,355	785	2,565	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,305	1,965	4,340	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,390	1,055	1,335	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,710	6,200	6,510	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,765	3,545	215	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	415	340	75	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,450	975	475	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,370	29,720	27,655	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,405	695	710	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	55,965	29,025	26,945	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	75	55	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	50	20	0	10	0
22 Utilities	195	110	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,665	1,440	225	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,400	4,280	2,125	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	4,370	2,475	1,895	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,470	3,045	3,430	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,460	2,335	1,125	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,825	1,090	730	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,790	1,495	1,295	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,335	730	605	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,645	4,015	2,635	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	145	75	75	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,045	1,185	860	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,950	1,640	3,310	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,365	1,075	4,290	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,485	830	655	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,930	800	1,125	10	0	0
91 Public administration	1,555	710	845	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	53,580	27,735	25,850	65	50	15
Worked at home	5,270	2,825	2,445	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	395	330	70	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,630	2,570	1,060	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	44,280	22,010	22,270	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,280	22,010	22,270	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,745	4,910	5,830	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	29,890	14,805	15,085	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,265	2,060	1,205	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	380	235	150	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,910	24,580	23,330	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,670	19,165	16,510	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,160	680	1,480	10	10	10
Public transit	7,965	3,710	4,255	0	0	0
Walked	1,370	565	805	0	0	0
Bicycle	405	285	120	0	0	0
Other method	335	170	165	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,910	24,580	23,330	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	9,690	4,170	5,520	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	16,215	8,515	7,695	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	10,255	5,800	4,455	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	5,190	2,760	2,435	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	6,555	3,335	3,225	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,905	24,580	23,330	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,850	1,310	540	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,535	4,575	2,955	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,630	7,575	8,060	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,100	5,360	5,740	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,050	2,725	3,330	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,740	3,040	2,705	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	61,195	31,605	29,590	100	80	20
Single responses	50,930	26,540	24,390	100	80	20
Official languages	50,455	26,280	24,175	100	80	20
English	34,190	18,055	16,135	100	80	20
French	16,265	8,225	8,045	0	0	0
Non-official languages	475	260	215	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	475	260	215	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	110	70	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	40	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	30	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	30	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	95	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	195	95	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	90	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,265	5,070	5,195	0	0	0
English and French	9,680	4,755	4,920	0	0	0
English and non-official language	275	175	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	270	120	145	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	61,200	31,610	29,590	100	80	20
None	27,605	14,350	13,255	100	80	20
English	11,700	6,145	5,555	0	0	0
French	20,300	10,200	10,095	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,085	635	455	0	0	10
Aboriginal	30	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,060	620	440	0	0	0
English and French	35	30	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	65	80	0	0	0
French and non-official language	315	175	140	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,910	50,935	53,975	230	140	95
Non-movers	96,325	46,700	49,625	210	120	85
Movers	8,580	4,230	4,350	25	15	0
Non-migrants	4,150	2,095	2,055	0	0	0
Migrants	4,430	2,135	2,290	25	20	0
Internal migrants	3,280	1,575	1,705	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	2,890	1,385	1,510	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	395	195	195	20	15	0
External migrants	1,150	565	585	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,130	49,080	52,050	215	125	95
Non-movers	73,845	35,830	38,015	170	100	65
Movers	27,285	13,240	14,035	50	25	25
Non-migrants	12,620	6,100	6,520	10	10	0
Migrants	14,660	7,145	7,515	40	20	15
Internal migrants	10,140	4,890	5,250	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	9,100	4,375	4,730	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,035	515	525	15	10	10
External migrants	4,520	2,255	2,270	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Louis [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador