Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Laurier--Sainte-Marie Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Oakview, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	111,835	...	...	1,626	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	107,034	...	...	1,513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	70,379	...	...	659	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	62,938	...	...	625	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10,756.9	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.40	...	...	1,147.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	111,835	59,865	51,970	1,625	845	780
0 to 14 years	10,610	5,455	5,155	315	170	145
0 to 4 years	4,575	2,370	2,210	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	3,430	1,745	1,685	120	65	55
10 to 14 years	2,600	1,340	1,255	95	55	40
15 to 64 years	87,795	47,925	39,870	1,055	550	510
15 to 19 years	3,250	1,555	1,695	85	40	45
20 to 24 years	11,035	5,270	5,760	100	60	40
25 to 29 years	16,105	8,235	7,865	95	45	50
30 to 34 years	13,590	7,305	6,280	105	50	55
35 to 39 years	11,075	6,210	4,865	80	40	40
40 to 44 years	7,605	4,415	3,190	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	6,400	3,780	2,620	100	50	50
50 to 54 years	6,745	4,155	2,595	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	6,305	3,715	2,590	165	100	70
60 to 64 years	5,685	3,280	2,410	125	60	60
65 years and over	13,425	6,485	6,945	255	135	125
65 to 69 years	4,665	2,610	2,060	100	50	55
70 to 74 years	3,220	1,675	1,545	60	40	20
75 to 79 years	2,135	980	1,155	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	1,560	665	890	25	15	15
85 years and over	1,855	555	1,295	25	15	15
85 to 89 years	1,125	390	735	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	550	140	405	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	165	25	135	5	5	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.5	9.1	9.9	19.4	20.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	78.5	80.1	76.7	64.9	65.1	65.4
65 years and over	12.0	10.8	13.4	15.7	16.0	16.0
85 years and over	1.7	0.9	2.5	1.5	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	39.2	39.4	38.9	40.6	40.4	40.8
Median age of the population	35.5	36.5	34.3	42.3	41.9	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	11,720	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	51,140	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	955	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,370	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	46,490	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	270	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
1 person	33,825	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	18,880	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	5,935	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	3,125	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	1,175	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	108,235	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	1.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	101,225	54,410	46,815	1,310	675	635
Married or living common law	38,785	20,600	18,185	905	450	455
Married	16,435	8,560	7,875	785	395	390
Living common law	22,355	12,040	10,310	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	62,440	33,805	28,630	405	225	180
Never married	50,225	28,915	21,310	270	170	105
Separated	1,735	855	885	30	10	10
Divorced	7,265	3,305	3,965	60	35	30
Widowed	3,215	740	2,475	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	22,530	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	14,985	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	4,170	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	2,525	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	850	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	22,535	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	18,750	...	...	435	...	...
Married couples	7,570	...	...	370	...	...
Common-law couples	11,180	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,785	...	...	50	...	...
Female parent	2,920	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	865	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,750	...	...	430	...	...
Couples without children	12,295	...	...	250	...	...
Couples with children	6,450	...	...	185	...	...
1 child	3,320	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	2,345	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	785	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,785	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	2,685	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	850	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	250	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	51,115	28,765	22,350	190	125	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
One-census-family households	22,220	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,180	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,040	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	155	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	40,570	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	33,820	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	6,745	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	109,630	58,645	50,980	1,625	850	775
English only	7,250	4,030	3,210	1,585	835	750
French only	26,235	13,040	13,190	0	0	0
English and French	74,570	40,990	33,580	35	10	25
Neither English nor French	1,575	580	995	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	109,625	58,645	50,980	1,630	850	775
English	18,155	9,905	8,250	1,615	840	770
French	84,805	45,505	39,305	5	5	0
English and French	5,120	2,675	2,445	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,545	565	980	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	20,715	11,245	9,475	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	18.9	19.2	18.6	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	109,630	58,645	50,985	1,630	850	775
Single responses	106,225	56,770	49,455	1,625	850	780
Official languages	86,360	46,685	39,675	1,455	765	690
English	11,000	6,110	4,885	1,450	765	685
French	75,360	40,575	34,785	5	5	0
Non-official languages	19,870	10,090	9,785	170	85	90
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	5	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,845	10,070	9,770	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,770	1,695	1,070	0	0	0
Berber languages	185	105	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	50	35	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	100	60	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,555	1,570	985	0	0	5
Amharic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arabic	2,460	1,520	940	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	30	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	800	390	410	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	100	45	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	700	345	355	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	150	55	100	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	5	15	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	45	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	370	200	170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	335	180	155	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	60	60	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	95	40	55	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,230	5,720	5,510	170	80	85
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,465	640	830	10	10	5
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,450	635	820	15	5	5
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	25	5	0	5
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	305	135	170	0	0	0
Russian	645	260	385	0	0	0
Serbian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	35	45	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	645	310	335	140	70	70
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	100	50	50	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	425	210	215	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	50	25	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	5
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	215	115	95	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	2,130	1,100	1,025	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,320	690	635	0	0	0
Bengali	960	480	480	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	90	50	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	140	85	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	800	410	390	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	15	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	765	385	380	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,635	3,480	3,155	5	5	0
Catalan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Italian	525	290	235	5	0	0
Portuguese	1,315	680	630	0	0	0
Romanian	380	180	210	0	0	0
Spanish	4,370	2,305	2,070	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	190	60	125	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	100	105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	420	210	210	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	50	15	30	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	65	30	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	120	60	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,155	1,365	1,795	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,160	1,365	1,795	5	0	5
Cantonese	1,305	545	760	0	0	0
Hakka	40	15	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,490	650	840	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	45	60	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	180	90	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Lao	50	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	180	100	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	165	95	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	45	65	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,395	1,875	1,525	5	0	0
English and French	1,425	790	635	0	0	0
English and non-official language	515	275	245	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,175	640	530	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	285	170	115	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	109,625	58,645	50,980	1,630	845	775
Single responses	104,320	55,815	48,500	1,615	840	770
Official languages	94,655	51,215	43,440	1,500	790	710
English	15,420	8,495	6,920	1,495	790	705
French	79,235	42,715	36,520	0	5	0
Non-official languages	9,670	4,605	5,065	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,660	4,600	5,060	110	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	870	480	385	0	0	0
Berber languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	830	455	370	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	800	445	355	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	425	195	235	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	390	180	215	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	125	60	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	55	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,365	2,595	2,770	110	55	60
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	565	245	320	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	250	320	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	85	45	45	0	0	0
Russian	300	125	175	0	0	0
Serbian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	65	75	100	50	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	95	45	50	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	30	35	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,355	655	700	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	870	420	445	0	0	0
Bengali	710	340	375	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	485	230	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	465	220	245	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,195	1,570	1,630	5	5	0
Catalan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Portuguese	690	325	360	0	0	0
Romanian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Spanish	2,215	1,095	1,130	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	25	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	100	45	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,370	1,030	1,335	5	0	5
Chinese languages	2,365	1,030	1,340	0	0	5
Cantonese	1,065	425	640	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,095	505	590	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	25	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	120	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,305	2,830	2,475	15	5	10
English and French	1,970	1,135	835	0	0	0
English and non-official language	805	425	380	10	5	5
French and non-official language	1,890	900	990	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	635	370	270	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	109,625	58,645	50,985	1,625	850	780
None	82,400	43,740	38,655	1,550	805	740
English	11,680	6,595	5,085	40	20	20
French	6,180	3,305	2,875	0	0	5
Non-official language	7,220	3,825	3,390	35	15	15
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,210	3,820	3,390	35	15	20
English and French	700	355	350	0	0	0
English and non-official language	895	525	375	0	0	0
French and non-official language	500	270	230	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	30	20	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	97,630	52,315	45,315	1,240	655	590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,230	51,240	43,990	1,210	640	570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,467	31,439	27,241	34,731	39,680	29,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,235	51,245	43,995	1,210	640	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,901	28,274	25,497	30,592	34,645	26,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,530	44,385	38,145	1,150	625	530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,822	34,242	27,154	31,539	35,840	25,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,305	37,870	35,435	850	405	445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,770	1,538	2,207	5,216	4,064	5,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,460	39,410	33,050	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,702	33,931	27,081	30,400	34,816	25,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	97,615	52,195	45,420	1,245	655	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,260	51,185	44,065	1,225	645	575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,296	44,591	37,469	38,729	44,636	32,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,265	51,190	44,070	1,220	645	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,564	35,614	31,184	32,045	36,245	27,308
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,975	44,600	38,375	1,160	635	525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,302	46,877	36,985	35,721	41,198	29,134
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,235	37,560	35,670	900	435	465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,786	5,109	6,500	6,532	6,504	6,558
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,625	39,295	33,330	1,045	580	460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,530	45,929	36,344	33,266	37,316	28,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	97,615	52,195	45,420	1,250	655	595
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,120	17,270	11,850	525	345	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,972	52,927	46,799	39,440	41,875	38,194
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,973	63,257	52,729	43,179	45,709	38,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.1	91.6	85.7	87.2	90.1	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.5	79.0	73.0	76.8	80.1	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.9	8.4	14.3	12.4	9.6	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	97,630	52,315	45,310	1,245	650	585
Without total income	2,400	1,075	1,325	30	15	15
With total income	95,230	51,240	43,985	1,210	640	570
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.9	97.1	97.2	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,455	8,235	7,220	150	70	80
$10,000 to $19,999	19,620	9,935	9,685	210	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	13,085	6,575	6,510	165	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	10,750	5,640	5,110	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,095	4,750	4,345	170	90	80
$50,000 to $59,999	6,820	3,665	3,160	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,230	2,905	2,325	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,210	2,360	1,850	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,860	1,755	1,100	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,990	1,255	740	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	6,115	4,170	1,950	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	4,195	2,760	1,435	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	1,925	1,415	515	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	97,630	52,320	45,315	1,240	655	585
Without after-tax income	2,395	1,075	1,320	30	15	15
With after-tax income	95,235	51,240	43,990	1,215	640	570
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.9	97.1	98.0	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,665	8,340	7,320	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	20,435	10,405	10,035	225	100	125
$20,000 to $29,999	15,990	8,180	7,805	210	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	13,870	7,305	6,565	235	125	110
$40,000 to $49,999	10,075	5,365	4,715	160	90	70
$50,000 to $59,999	7,005	3,885	3,120	110	75	35
$60,000 to $69,999	4,430	2,630	1,795	55	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,655	1,655	1,005	35	20	15
$80,000 and over	5,105	3,475	1,630	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,690	1,100	595	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	645	350	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,415	1,740	685	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	97,630	52,315	45,315	1,245	655	590
Without employment income	25,170	12,905	12,265	200	75	125
With employment income	72,460	39,410	33,050	1,040	575	465
Percentage with employment income	74.2	75.3	72.9	83.5	87.8	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,500	4,765	4,740	150	85	70
$5,000 to $9,999	6,175	3,035	3,145	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	11,340	5,715	5,625	145	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	8,635	4,525	4,105	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	7,930	4,240	3,695	140	75	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,830	3,670	3,165	120	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,335	2,935	2,405	80	50	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,280	2,425	1,855	70	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,525	2,070	1,455	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	8,910	6,040	2,870	75	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,305	1,490	815	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,655	1,100	555	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	4,950	3,455	1,495	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	45,225	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,897	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	33,820	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,448	...	...	36,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,566	...	...	31,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,115	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,601	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,876	...	...	66,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	62,960	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,481	...	...	75,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,787	...	...	62,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	33,870	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,675	...	...	33,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,183	...	...	28,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,090	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,873	...	...	86,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,286	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	2,955	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,420	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,200	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,050	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,580	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,370	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,220	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,345	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,200	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,815	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,000	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,195	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,640	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,860	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,270	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,830	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,080	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,365	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,405	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,975	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	62,940	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	3,025	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,440	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,210	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,285	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,140	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,045	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,285	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,120	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,685	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,420	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,610	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,355	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,285	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,585	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,900	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,550	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,060	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,545	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,945	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,185	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,643	...	...	77,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,178	...	...	65,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,065	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,504	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,156	...	...	62,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,460	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,008	...	...	96,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,817	...	...	81,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,700	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,648	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,247	...	...	36,523	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,160	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,234	...	...	85,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,400	...	...	70,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,970	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,219	...	...	81,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,484	...	...	67,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,555	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,366	...	...	101,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,166	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,645	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,325	...	...	48,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,108	...	...	42,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	49,030	27,720	21,310	170	115	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,472	26,313	24,596	37,760	42,368	27,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,920	24,403	23,339	31,957	34,688	23,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	48,900	27,600	21,295	175	110	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,815	37,483	33,654	35,768	40,657	27,625
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,678	30,672	28,391	30,207	33,178	25,259
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	108,235	57,770	50,465	1,540	815	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	69,990	36,880	33,110	885	450	435
In the bottom decile	24,580	13,315	11,265	135	75	65
In the second decile	14,395	7,305	7,085	200	95	105
In the third decile	11,310	5,870	5,435	210	100	105
In the fourth decile	10,520	5,505	5,020	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	9,190	4,885	4,300	170	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	38,245	20,890	17,355	650	365	290
In the sixth decile	8,560	4,530	4,030	185	100	85
In the seventh decile	7,930	4,245	3,685	170	90	80
In the eighth decile	7,705	4,225	3,485	115	65	50
In the ninth decile	7,255	4,060	3,200	135	75	55
In the top decile	6,790	3,835	2,955	50	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	108,235	57,770	50,465	1,540	815	725
0 to 17 years	11,995	6,135	5,855	345	180	160
0 to 5 years	5,275	2,720	2,555	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	84,860	46,005	38,855	950	505	445
65 years and over	11,385	5,630	5,755	245	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	29,180	15,485	13,690	255	130	130
0 to 17 years	2,650	1,390	1,260	80	40	40
0 to 5 years	865	440	425	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	22,350	12,135	10,215	125	65	55
65 years and over	4,175	1,965	2,210	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.0	26.8	27.1	16.6	16.0	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	22.1	22.7	21.5	23.2	22.2	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.4	16.2	16.6	20.8	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	26.3	26.4	26.3	13.2	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	36.7	34.9	38.4	22.4	20.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	28,895	15,585	13,310	60	35	30
0 to 17 years	2,030	1,065	965	15	15	5
0 to 5 years	650	330	320	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	23,565	12,925	10,640	40	20	15
65 years and over	3,300	1,595	1,705	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	26.7	27.0	26.4	3.9	4.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	16.9	17.4	16.5	4.3	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	12.1	12.5	4.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	27.8	28.1	27.4	4.2	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	29.0	28.3	29.6	4.1	4.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	108,280	57,670	50,610	1,540	815	725
Official languages	106,770	57,140	49,640	1,540	815	725
English	80,980	44,250	36,730	1,540	815	720
French	99,610	53,245	46,360	30	0	25
Non-official languages	36,875	18,965	17,905	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	36,855	18,955	17,900	110	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,495	2,755	1,745	0	0	0
Berber languages	240	140	100	0	0	0
Kabyle	85	60	25	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	160	80	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	45	20	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	4,365	2,680	1,685	0	0	0
Amharic	35	25	10	0	0	0
Arabic	4,085	2,510	1,575	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	260	160	100	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	965	475	490	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	105	45	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	865	435	430	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	190	100	95	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	10	25	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	45	35	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,100	550	550	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	75	30	45	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	975	500	470	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	45	80	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	95	30	65	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25,510	13,020	12,495	100	60	40
Albanian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Armenian	130	80	55	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,825	820	1,000	25	0	20
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,820	820	995	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	135	65	70	0	0	0
Croatian	75	25	50	10	0	10
Czech	65	25	40	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	400	190	210	0	0	0
Russian	950	430	520	0	0	0
Serbian	105	40	60	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Slovak	50	25	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	65	55	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,675	1,470	1,205	75	50	25
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	45	25	25	10	0	10
Dutch	230	120	105	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,240	1,235	1,010	50	30	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	125	70	50	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	35	30	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	330	180	150	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	2,800	1,380	1,420	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,755	880	880	0	0	0
Bengali	1,105	530	575	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	345	165	175	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	100	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Urdu	280	160	120	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,005	470	535	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	10	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	980	455	530	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	30	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	19,030	9,790	9,235	0	0	0
Catalan	125	80	40	0	0	0
Italian	2,480	1,365	1,115	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,290	1,320	970	0	0	0
Romanian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Spanish	15,530	7,885	7,640	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	460	210	250	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	215	120	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	925	525	400	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	85	35	50	0	0	0
Edo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	35	30	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	100	55	50	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	210	115	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	30	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	95	60	40	0	0	0
Wolof	125	75	50	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	215	120	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	90	85	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	115	50	65	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,695	1,635	2,060	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,665	1,620	2,050	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,480	655	825	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,305	1,020	1,280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	135	45	95	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	240	95	145	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Lao	65	35	40	0	0	0
Thai	90	40	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	275	155	110	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	260	150	110	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	145	65	85	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	45	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	108,285	57,670	50,610	1,540	820	725
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	88,310	46,960	41,345	1,495	790	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,030	5,615	5,415	345	185	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	77,280	41,345	35,935	1,145	605	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	19,975	10,715	9,260	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	108,285	57,670	50,610	1,540	815	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	71,945	38,315	33,630	1,420	745	670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	26,245	14,050	12,195	120	70	50
Before 1981	3,455	1,920	1,530	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	2,635	1,370	1,265	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	4,495	2,340	2,155	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	7,950	4,235	3,710	65	40	25
2001 to 2005	3,200	1,665	1,535	20	15	10
2006 to 2010	4,750	2,575	2,175	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	7,710	4,180	3,530	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10,095	5,305	4,790	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	26,245	14,050	12,195	125	70	50
Under 5 years	1,840	905	940	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,065	1,695	1,375	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	4,270	2,220	2,050	30	30	0
25 to 44 years	15,380	8,480	6,905	40	25	20
45 years and over	1,680	755	925	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	26,245	14,050	12,195	125	75	50
Americas	5,115	2,785	2,325	0	0	0
Brazil	375	205	175	0	0	0
Colombia	615	340	280	0	0	0
El Salvador	195	100	95	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	500	275	225	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mexico	785	425	365	0	0	0
Peru	220	95	115	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	20	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	765	475	285	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,555	825	730	0	0	0
Europe	10,850	5,900	4,955	115	75	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	60	40	20	0	0	0
Croatia	40	20	20	0	0	0
France	7,130	4,055	3,070	0	0	0
Germany	200	100	105	20	20	0
Greece	100	55	45	0	0	0
Hungary	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	270	155	110	0	0	0
Netherlands	80	45	35	30	15	10
Poland	240	130	110	0	0	0
Portugal	610	315	295	0	0	0
Romania	335	145	195	0	0	0
Russian Federation	350	130	220	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	60	10	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	85	45	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	285	155	135	65	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	940	465	475	0	0	0
Africa	3,790	2,170	1,620	0	0	0
Algeria	840	485	355	0	0	0
Egypt	160	100	55	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	35	10	0	0	0
Kenya	25	20	10	0	0	0
Morocco	935	535	405	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,720	970	755	0	0	0
Asia	6,400	3,125	3,270	10	0	10
Afghanistan	35	20	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	615	320	295	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,860	775	1,090	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	220	90	135	0	0	0
India	200	110	90	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	660	310	350	0	0	0
Iraq	65	30	30	0	0	0
Japan	105	15	90	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	105	65	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	460	340	115	0	0	0
Pakistan	115	80	40	0	0	0
Philippines	100	50	50	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	45	10	35	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	170	100	70	0	0	0
Taiwan	155	50	105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	775	375	400	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	700	375	320	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	65	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,710	4,185	3,530	0	0	0
Americas	1,220	665	550	0	0	0
Brazil	165	100	65	0	0	0
Colombia	215	140	75	0	0	0
Cuba	40	30	10	0	0	0
Haiti	50	20	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	240	110	135	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	220	135	85	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	55	30	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	230	115	120	0	0	0
Europe	3,920	2,190	1,730	0	0	0
France	3,225	1,845	1,380	0	0	0
Germany	50	15	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	65	20	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	415	215	205	0	0	0
Africa	1,085	605	490	0	0	0
Algeria	240	105	130	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	20	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	20	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	10	20	0	0	0
Egypt	50	35	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	225	135	95	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	160	110	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	320	170	145	0	0	0
Asia	1,425	675	745	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	30	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	380	170	210	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	395	170	230	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	50	0	45	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	50	25	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	100	65	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkey	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	75	25	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	55	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	55	45	10	0	0	0
Australia	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	108,285	57,675	50,610	1,540	820	725
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	37,490	19,885	17,605	120	75	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	14,985	7,640	7,345	190	100	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,800	30,145	25,660	1,225	650	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	23,095	12,275	10,815	115	70	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15,505	8,650	6,855	110	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	9,900	6,170	3,735	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,600	2,475	3,125	55	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,035	2,170	2,865	15	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,385	1,350	1,035	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	180	110	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	108,285	57,670	50,610	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,020	540	480	90	55	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	930	485	445	95	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	380	210	175	45	25	20
Métis	530	260	270	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	40	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,260	57,130	50,135	1,450	765	685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	108,280	57,670	50,610	1,540	820	725
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	275	170	105	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,005	57,500	50,505	1,500	800	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	108,280	57,675	50,610	1,540	820	725
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	515	255	260	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	475	225	255	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	385	180	200	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	85	35	50	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	30	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,520	1,595	1,925	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,445	1,555	1,890	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,070	1,395	1,675	45	30	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	350	150	205	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	35	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	104,250	55,825	48,420	1,445	775	675
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	108,285	57,670	50,610	1,540	820	725
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	22,075	11,385	10,690	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,155	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Chinese	3,805	1,655	2,150	0	0	0
Black	4,750	2,530	2,215	0	0	0
Filipino	155	65	90	0	0	10
Latin American	3,795	1,995	1,805	0	0	0
Arab	3,470	2,095	1,375	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	890	445	445	0	0	0
Korean	235	135	100	0	0	0
Japanese	360	145	215	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	275	145	130	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	655	325	335	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	86,205	46,285	39,920	1,535	815	715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	108,280	57,670	50,610	1,540	820	725
North American Aboriginal origins	4,030	1,845	2,190	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,560	1,645	1,920	60	35	25
Inuit	40	25	15	0	0	0
Métis	540	245	290	40	15	25
Other North American origins	42,760	22,485	20,280	495	230	265
Acadian	730	405	320	0	0	0
American	1,205	630	575	25	0	25
Canadian	38,345	20,095	18,245	475	235	240
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	3,500	1,850	1,650	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	61,935	33,385	28,545	1,280	680	600
British Isles origins	14,050	7,200	6,850	925	480	440
Channel Islander	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,745	2,540	2,200	610	325	280
Irish	7,750	3,870	3,875	295	155	145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,560	2,280	2,275	420	205	215
Welsh	285	135	150	45	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,060	510	555	35	20	15
French origins	41,515	22,685	18,825	140	80	60
Alsatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Breton	255	130	125	0	0	0
Corsican	85	65	30	0	0	0
French	41,305	22,580	18,725	140	80	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,545	3,755	3,795	310	150	155
Austrian	420	210	215	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,740	820	920	65	20	45
Dutch	890	440	450	75	35	45
Flemish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,140	2,100	2,045	160	95	70
Luxembourger	75	30	45	0	0	0
Swiss	810	420	380	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,025	480	545	130	65	70
Danish	225	90	140	35	10	20
Finnish	95	50	45	15	10	10
Icelandic	50	20	30	30	15	15
Norwegian	270	130	135	0	10	0
Swedish	385	175	205	45	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	40	25	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	5,895	2,925	2,975	245	130	120
Bulgarian	195	95	95	0	0	0
Byelorussian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	260	110	145	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	30	45	0	0	0
Estonian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	640	305	330	0	0	0
Latvian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	235	115	120	0	0	0
Moldovan	75	25	50	0	0	0
Polish	2,170	1,125	1,045	80	40	35
Romanian	740	365	375	0	0	0
Russian	1,315	660	655	0	0	0
Slovak	110	55	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,070	530	540	185	95	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins	11,745	6,240	5,505	25	0	25
Albanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	45	15	0	0	0
Catalan	70	30	35	0	0	0
Croatian	220	95	125	20	0	20
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	695	380	320	15	0	15
Italian	5,865	3,155	2,710	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,895	1,045	850	0	0	0
Serbian	210	90	120	0	0	0
Sicilian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	3,700	1,935	1,765	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	120	50	70	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	950	550	405	0	10	0
Basque	140	90	45	0	0	0
Jewish	540	310	235	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	215	115	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,775	1,375	1,400	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	215	100	115	0	0	0
Dominican	380	180	200	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	75	30	45	0	0	0
Haitian	1,345	695	650	0	0	0
Jamaican	210	105	105	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	185	95	85	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	30	10	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	125	55	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	15	30	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	30	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	120	70	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,860	2,555	2,305	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	275	130	145	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	205	120	85	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	90	50	35	0	0	0
Brazilian	450	265	185	0	0	0
Chilean	520	320	200	0	0	0
Colombian	895	445	445	0	0	0
Costa Rican	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	110	40	65	0	0	0
Guatemalan	140	75	70	0	0	0
Guyanese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	30	30	0	0	0
Honduran	70	25	50	0	0	0
Maya	35	25	15	0	0	0
Mexican	1,120	615	510	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	280	110	170	0	0	0
Salvadorean	310	135	175	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	230	100	125	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	180	110	70	0	0	0
African origins	7,515	4,160	3,360	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,895	1,050	845	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	140	80	60	0	0	0
Burkinabe	35	30	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	265	150	115	0	0	0
Chadian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Congolese	495	250	245	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Gambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Guinean	165	90	80	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	105	55	45	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Malinké	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Peulh	75	45	30	0	0	0
Senegalese	215	115	100	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Togolese	110	65	50	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	120	80	45	0	0	0
North African origins	4,215	2,390	1,820	0	0	0
Algerian	1,185	610	570	0	0	0
Berber	560	360	205	0	0	0
Coptic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	445	245	200	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,480	840	640	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	715	420	295	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	665	355	310	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	155	80	75	0	0	0
Mauritian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	50	20	25	0	0	0
Seychellois	20	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	55	20	30	0	0	0
South African	55	35	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Other African origins	855	430	425	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	805	405	400	0	0	0
Asian origins	13,535	6,735	6,800	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,515	2,500	2,020	10	10	0
Afghan	85	45	40	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	735	465	270	0	0	0
Armenian	385	210	175	10	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	0	20	0	0	0
Georgian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,075	490	585	0	0	0
Iraqi	85	35	50	0	0	0
Israeli	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	25	10	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,245	765	475	0	0	0
Palestinian	180	70	115	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Syrian	470	250	225	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	350	205	145	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	115	70	45	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,375	1,165	1,215	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	585	295	290	0	0	0
Bengali	455	200	260	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,065	545	515	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	275	140	135	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	15	55	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	55	25	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,805	3,160	3,645	0	0	10
Burmese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	185	90	95	0	0	0
Chinese	4,280	1,915	2,365	10	0	0
Filipino	190	85	105	10	0	0
Hmong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Japanese	495	230	265	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	260	150	110	0	0	0
Laotian	165	70	95	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	145	45	100	0	0	0
Thai	135	65	70	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,305	675	625	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	60	25	30	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	300	180	120	0	0	0
Australian	175	100	75	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	35	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	85	50	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	62,960	...	...	625	...	...
Owner	16,905	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	46,055	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
Condominium	16,630	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	46,330	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
No bedrooms	2,620	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	29,865	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	20,645	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,635	...	...	245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,185	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	62,960	...	...	625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	43,935	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	9,870	...	...	120	...	...
6 rooms	4,920	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	2,360	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,870	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	62,295	...	...	625	...	...
More than 1 person per room	665	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	62,960	...	...	625	...	...
Suitable	60,240	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	2,720	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
1960 or before	31,820	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,415	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,960	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,480	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,935	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,455	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,890	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	56,890	...	...	565	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,070	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	62,955	...	...	625	...	...
1 household maintainer	43,775	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,180	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,010	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	62,960	...	...	625	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,330	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	17,730	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	12,520	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,435	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,700	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,910	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,425	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	900	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	62,795	...	...	465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	40,170	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	22,625	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	17,650	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,905	...	...	410	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.7	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.8	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,317	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,442	...	...	830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,358	...	...	174,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	428,471	...	...	181,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	46,055	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	827	...	...	498	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	897	...	...	534	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	97,615	52,195	45,420	1,250	650	595
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,845	5,190	4,655	225	115	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,110	8,380	6,725	395	225	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	72,655	38,620	34,035	625	315	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,950	4,405	2,545	180	115	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,305	3,205	2,100	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,645	1,200	450	100	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,490	8,415	7,075	250	90	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,165	2,050	2,120	65	35	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	46,050	23,750	22,295	140	70	70
Bachelor's degree	24,460	12,475	11,985	105	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,995	2,130	1,865	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,000	495	500	0	0	0
Master's degree	13,795	7,105	6,695	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,795	1,545	1,250	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	72,060	40,060	32,000	785	410	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,580	2,770	1,810	85	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,405	5,330	3,075	275	150	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,075	31,955	27,120	430	215	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,320	3,475	1,840	110	70	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,025	2,525	1,500	45	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,295	955	340	60	45	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,005	6,350	4,655	190	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,140	1,595	1,545	35	20	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	39,610	20,540	19,070	100	55	50
Bachelor's degree	20,350	10,565	9,780	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,480	1,830	1,650	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	850	410	445	0	10	0
Master's degree	12,475	6,395	6,085	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,455	1,335	1,115	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	97,615	52,190	45,420	1,250	655	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,955	13,570	11,385	615	340	280
Education	2,980	1,045	1,935	35	15	20
13. Education	2,975	1,045	1,935	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,250	4,890	4,365	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,130	810	315	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	8,125	4,075	4,045	20	15	10
Humanities	7,515	3,460	4,055	30	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,440	430	1,005	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	630	225	395	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,525	1,230	1,300	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	35	10	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	625	410	205	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	115	25	10	10	0
54. History	645	425	225	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	1,480	615	865	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	12,435	5,200	7,230	45	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	250	75	175	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	3,140	1,140	2,000	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	655	170	490	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	2,055	885	1,175	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	395	145	250	10	10	0
42. Psychology	1,680	535	1,145	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	4,250	2,255	2,000	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	14,755	7,670	7,090	95	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	890	295	600	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,860	7,370	6,490	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,560	2,005	1,555	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,680	810	875	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	485	300	185	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	275	160	115	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,055	700	355	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	25	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,925	3,130	795	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,200	2,670	525	0	0	0
25. Library science	225	90	135	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	465	340	125	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,945	7,240	1,705	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	1,415	865	550	0	0	10
14. Engineering	4,320	3,410	910	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	955	870	85	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	860	795	65	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	755	725	30	65	60	10
48. Precision production	625	565	60	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	400	370	85	55	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	375	180	195	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	225	170	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,920	2,060	3,860	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	575	310	265	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,005	1,560	3,450	115	0	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	340	190	155	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,595	1,520	1,070	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,950	1,050	905	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	345	235	110	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	220	55	15	10	10
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	72,060	40,060	32,000	790	410	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,985	8,100	4,885	355	190	165
Education	2,245	770	1,475	30	15	15
13. Education	2,245	770	1,475	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,660	4,145	3,515	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	940	675	255	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	6,725	3,465	3,260	15	15	0
Humanities	5,610	2,585	3,020	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,235	390	840	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	485	190	295	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,675	875	800	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	485	310	175	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	15	10	10	0
54. History	480	320	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	1,180	465	710	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,065	4,270	5,800	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	200	65	135	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,640	1,010	1,630	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	540	140	400	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,720	755	965	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	300	115	185	10	10	0
42. Psychology	1,360	400	960	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,310	1,785	1,520	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,360	6,535	5,825	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	760	255	505	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,590	6,275	5,320	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,675	1,525	1,150	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,355	660	695	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	190	105	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	100	60	45	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	880	595	285	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,525	2,845	680	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,925	2,445	480	0	0	0
25. Library science	185	75	105	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	390	290	95	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,470	5,965	1,505	110	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	1,225	740	490	10	0	0
14. Engineering	3,830	3,000	830	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	695	645	50	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	695	635	60	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	525	15	45	40	10
48. Precision production	465	415	45	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	680	345	335	55	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	160	175	50	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	190	155	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,705	1,695	3,010	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	475	265	210	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,940	1,275	2,665	70	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	290	155	140	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,065	1,280	785	30	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,500	860	645	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	295	205	90	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	200	50	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	97,610	52,195	45,420	1,250	650	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,955	13,570	11,385	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	72,660	38,620	34,035	630	315	320
Location of study inside Canada	54,695	28,870	25,815	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	51,020	26,765	24,250	480	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	3,675	2,105	1,565	60	35	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	17,965	9,750	8,220	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,350	755	595	20	10	10
Philippines	45	25	20	0	0	0
India	95	60	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	695	390	300	30	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	570	265	305	0	0	0
France	8,790	4,830	3,955	0	0	0
Other	6,425	3,420	3,005	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	72,060	40,060	32,005	790	410	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,985	8,095	4,885	355	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	59,075	31,960	27,120	430	220	215
Location of study inside Canada	43,680	23,610	20,070	365	180	185
Same as province or territory of residence	40,610	21,835	18,770	325	155	170
Different than province or territory of residence	3,070	1,775	1,300	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15,395	8,345	7,045	70	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,110	615	500	20	10	0
Philippines	30	15	10	0	0	0
India	75	50	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	610	360	250	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	450	210	240	0	0	0
France	7,640	4,185	3,455	0	0	0
Other	5,480	2,920	2,560	30	20	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	97,615	52,195	45,420	1,245	655	595
In the labour force	70,415	38,670	31,750	965	540	420
Employed	64,630	35,435	29,195	925	520	410
Unemployed	5,790	3,235	2,550	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	27,195	13,525	13,675	290	115	170
Participation rate	72.1	74.1	69.9	77.5	82.4	70.6
Employment rate	66.2	67.9	64.3	74.3	79.4	68.9
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.4	8.0	4.1	4.6	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	97,615	52,195	45,420	1,245	655	590
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,600	12,950	12,655	230	85	145
Worked	72,010	39,240	32,770	1,020	565	450
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,205	18,025	12,185	550	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	41,805	21,220	20,585	470	210	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	42.0	40.5	43.1	43.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,420	38,670	31,745	960	540	425
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,995	1,090	900	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,420	37,580	30,845	960	535	420
Employee	59,010	31,830	27,185	705	355	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,415	5,755	3,660	255	180	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,420	38,670	31,745	965	540	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,995	1,090	905	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,425	37,580	30,845	960	535	425
0 Management occupations	7,615	4,710	2,905	185	160	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,980	4,700	6,280	140	25	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,550	5,880	1,670	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	3,540	1,260	2,280	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,325	4,110	6,210	110	20	95
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	8,770	4,985	3,785	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	15,915	8,805	7,110	120	50	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,535	2,340	200	200	185	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	125	70	80	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,000	670	330	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,420	38,670	31,745	960	540	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,995	1,090	905	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,420	37,585	30,840	955	535	425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	75	70	235	175	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	50	20	10	10	0
22 Utilities	430	290	140	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,375	1,170	205	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,430	2,310	1,125	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,545	940	605	30	15	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,950	3,050	2,900	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,525	1,105	420	95	80	20
51 Information and cultural industries	5,895	3,670	2,225	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	3,450	2,065	1,385	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,135	675	460	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,985	6,725	4,260	30	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	45	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,720	1,635	1,090	25	20	10
61 Educational services	7,165	3,020	4,145	45	15	35
62 Health care and social assistance	6,255	2,125	4,135	155	10	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,580	1,945	1,630	10	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	6,910	3,810	3,100	20	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,170	1,480	1,690	50	30	25
91 Public administration	2,615	1,395	1,220	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	64,630	35,440	29,195	925	520	405
Worked at home	5,915	3,290	2,620	245	165	85
Worked outside Canada	385	215	175	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,930	3,185	1,745	135	115	15
Worked at usual place	53,395	28,740	24,655	545	240	305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	53,395	28,740	24,655	545	240	305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	47,055	24,920	22,135	80	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,900	1,125	780	180	95	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,170	2,565	1,605	285	115	170
Commute to a different province or territory	270	135	140	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	58,325	31,930	26,400	675	355	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,985	8,855	5,135	605	315	285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	970	400	570	50	20	30
Public transit	24,095	11,920	12,180	0	0	0
Walked	11,370	6,015	5,360	20	15	10
Bicycle	7,210	4,305	2,905	0	0	0
Other method	690	435	250	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	58,325	31,930	26,395	675	355	320
Less than 15 minutes	8,285	4,680	3,605	140	90	50
15 to 29 minutes	23,905	13,280	10,625	250	120	130
30 to 44 minutes	17,655	9,430	8,220	205	95	110
45 to 59 minutes	5,250	2,680	2,575	50	25	20
60 minutes and over	3,230	1,860	1,375	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	58,325	31,925	26,395	675	355	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,525	1,120	400	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,755	2,925	1,835	115	85	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,185	7,025	6,160	235	125	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	19,835	10,245	9,590	175	90	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10,825	6,040	4,790	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,200	4,570	3,630	90	30	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	74,515	40,620	33,895	1,050	585	470
Single responses	66,380	36,160	30,220	1,050	580	470
Official languages	65,750	35,845	29,905	1,050	580	470
English	15,225	8,795	6,430	1,050	580	470
French	50,530	27,055	23,475	0	0	0
Non-official languages	630	315	315	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	625	315	315	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	30	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	30	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	25	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	120	190	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	85	130	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	50	80	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	130	105	0	0	0
Chinese languages	230	130	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	115	65	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	60	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	8,135	4,460	3,680	0	0	0
English and French	7,450	4,170	3,280	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	90	120	0	0	0
French and non-official language	135	30	105	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	340	170	175	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	74,520	40,620	33,895	1,050	580	470
None	37,235	19,925	17,320	1,025	570	450
English	26,655	14,670	11,985	0	0	0
French	8,435	4,895	3,540	0	0	10
Non-official language	1,310	660	645	20	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,310	660	645	20	10	10
English and French	85	35	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	540	270	270	0	0	0
French and non-official language	255	170	90	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	107,235	57,135	50,105	1,525	805	720
Non-movers	82,625	44,240	38,390	1,365	720	645
Movers	24,615	12,895	11,715	160	90	70
Non-migrants	16,430	8,605	7,825	65	45	25
Migrants	8,180	4,290	3,895	95	50	50
Internal migrants	3,920	2,105	1,815	95	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	2,800	1,465	1,335	75	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	1,120	635	485	20	20	10
External migrants	4,260	2,185	2,070	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	103,685	55,270	48,420	1,425	755	670
Non-movers	43,265	23,240	20,030	1,095	585	505
Movers	60,415	32,030	28,390	330	170	160
Non-migrants	33,485	18,220	15,265	115	70	45
Migrants	26,930	13,805	13,125	220	105	115
Internal migrants	12,080	6,065	6,015	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	8,755	4,365	4,385	200	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	3,330	1,700	1,625	15	10	10
External migrants	14,855	7,740	7,115	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurier--Sainte-Marie [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba