Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Montcalm Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Stayner Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Stayner [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	107,981	...	...	4,029	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	99,518	...	...	3,844^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.5	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,181	...	...	1,584	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,906	...	...	1,546	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	123.4	...	...	1,114.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	874.90	...	...	3.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	107,980	54,445	53,535	4,025	1,975	2,045
0 to 14 years	20,790	10,785	10,000	675	360	320
0 to 4 years	7,130	3,710	3,420	220	110	110
5 to 9 years	7,455	3,825	3,625	225	130	100
10 to 14 years	6,205	3,250	2,955	230	120	110
15 to 64 years	72,095	36,395	35,700	2,500	1,245	1,250
15 to 19 years	5,865	2,885	2,980	260	140	115
20 to 24 years	6,205	3,200	3,005	220	110	110
25 to 29 years	6,910	3,415	3,495	275	145	125
30 to 34 years	7,330	3,645	3,680	225	105	120
35 to 39 years	7,995	3,935	4,055	225	100	120
40 to 44 years	7,135	3,640	3,495	245	125	120
45 to 49 years	7,260	3,700	3,560	260	125	135
50 to 54 years	8,640	4,425	4,215	265	135	130
55 to 59 years	8,100	4,195	3,910	275	130	145
60 to 64 years	6,660	3,350	3,315	255	125	130
65 years and over	15,095	7,260	7,830	850	370	480
65 to 69 years	5,595	2,765	2,830	225	110	120
70 to 74 years	4,065	2,080	1,980	175	80	90
75 to 79 years	2,535	1,275	1,260	145	70	75
80 to 84 years	1,590	700	890	140	55	85
85 years and over	1,310	435	875	170	65	105
85 to 89 years	875	330	540	100	45	60
90 to 94 years	345	85	255	55	15	40
95 to 99 years	85	10	70	10	0	10
100 years and over	10	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.3	19.8	18.7	16.8	18.2	15.6
15 to 64 years	66.8	66.8	66.7	62.1	63.0	61.1
65 years and over	14.0	13.3	14.6	21.1	18.7	23.5
85 years and over	1.2	0.8	1.6	4.2	3.3	5.1
Average age of the population	39.1	38.7	39.5	42.7	41.0	44.3
Median age of the population	39.3	39.2	39.4	43.0	41.3	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,905	...	...	1,545	...	...
Single-detached house	30,600	...	...	1,220	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,015	...	...	325	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,985	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	680	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,095	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,105	...	...	150	...	...
Other single-attached house	155	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	285	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,905	...	...	1,545	...	...
1 person	10,695	...	...	395	...	...
2 persons	15,270	...	...	525	...	...
3 persons	7,350	...	...	255	...	...
4 persons	6,340	...	...	245	...	...
5 or more persons	3,255	...	...	125	...	...
Number of persons in private households	106,375	...	...	3,875	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	87,190	43,660	43,535	3,350	1,620	1,730
Married or living common law	53,085	26,540	26,540	1,960	990	970
Married	26,280	13,160	13,120	1,565	790	770
Living common law	26,805	13,380	13,425	400	195	205
Not married and not living common law	34,110	17,120	16,990	1,390	635	755
Never married	23,620	13,100	10,520	755	430	325
Separated	1,170	570	595	135	70	70
Divorced	5,215	2,350	2,865	180	70	110
Widowed	4,100	1,095	3,010	315	65	250
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,460	...	...	1,145	...	...
2 persons	15,750	...	...	570	...	...
3 persons	7,115	...	...	265	...	...
4 persons	6,055	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	2,535	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,460	...	...	1,150	...	...
Total couple families	26,195	...	...	955	...	...
Married couples	12,795	...	...	755	...	...
Common-law couples	13,400	...	...	200	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,265	...	...	190	...	...
Female parent	3,780	...	...	150	...	...
Male parent	1,490	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,195	...	...	955	...	...
Couples without children	12,615	...	...	460	...	...
Couples with children	13,575	...	...	490	...	...
1 child	5,505	...	...	200	...	...
2 children	5,675	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	2,400	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,265	...	...	190	...	...
1 child	3,130	...	...	105	...	...
2 children	1,610	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	525	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,755	8,660	7,100	570	265	310
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,905	...	...	1,545	...	...
One-census-family households	30,375	...	...	1,075	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,160	...	...	435	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	18,215	...	...	640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	540	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,995	...	...	430	...	...
One-person households	10,690	...	...	395	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,300	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	107,105	54,130	52,980	3,915	1,950	1,965
English only	420	195	225	3,770	1,890	1,880
French only	69,925	33,880	36,050	5	0	0
English and French	36,645	20,000	16,645	125	50	75
Neither English nor French	115	60	55	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	107,100	54,130	52,975	3,915	1,945	1,965
English	2,515	1,280	1,235	3,855	1,925	1,930
French	103,805	52,425	51,375	40	20	25
English and French	680	370	315	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	105	50	55	5	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,855	1,460	1,390	45	15	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.7	2.7	2.6	1.1	0.8	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	107,105	54,130	52,975	3,915	1,950	1,965
Single responses	105,930	53,530	52,400	3,900	1,945	1,950
Official languages	103,175	52,115	51,060	3,765	1,895	1,875
English	1,980	1,005	970	3,720	1,870	1,850
French	101,195	51,105	50,085	45	20	25
Non-official languages	2,760	1,415	1,345	135	50	75
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,755	1,410	1,340	130	55	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	160	130	0	0	0
Berber languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	125	95	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	125	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	15	35	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	5	20	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	235	105	125	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	210	95	115	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,900	990	910	100	45	60
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	70	85	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	155	70	90	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	10	0	5	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Russian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	50	20	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	20	25	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	55	40	20	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	15	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	10	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	5	0	5
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,575	835	745	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	490	310	190	10	5	5
Portuguese	230	105	125	15	5	10
Romanian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Spanish	720	360	365	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	30	15	5	5
Chinese languages	65	30	35	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	5	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,170	600	575	15	5	15
English and French	720	370	355	5	0	5
English and non-official language	65	30	35	10	0	10
French and non-official language	310	150	155	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	45	35	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	107,105	54,130	52,975	3,915	1,945	1,965
Single responses	105,590	53,365	52,225	3,880	1,935	1,945
Official languages	104,685	52,910	51,770	3,840	1,920	1,925
English	1,860	950	910	3,830	1,910	1,915
French	102,825	51,965	50,860	15	5	10
Non-official languages	910	455	450	40	15	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	910	455	455	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	30	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	655	340	315	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slavic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	5	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	570	300	270	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	40	5	5	0
Portuguese	60	30	35	10	0	5
Romanian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	345	180	160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	10	0	5
Chinese languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,510	760	750	30	10	20
English and French	710	370	345	5	0	5
English and non-official language	90	40	45	30	10	15
French and non-official language	550	260	290	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	165	85	75	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	107,105	54,125	52,975	3,915	1,945	1,965
None	99,895	50,355	49,535	3,830	1,910	1,920
English	4,525	2,395	2,130	25	10	10
French	1,090	565	525	15	10	10
Non-official language	1,270	640	625	45	15	30
Aboriginal	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,265	640	630	45	15	25
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	195	100	90	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	85,605	43,105	42,500	3,205	1,570	1,630
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,385	41,765	40,625	3,080	1,505	1,575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,964	40,198	28,040	31,936	39,744	25,685
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,410	41,765	40,650	3,085	1,505	1,575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,238	34,820	25,681	29,280	35,424	24,064
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,800	38,095	34,705	2,780	1,395	1,385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,849	37,762	24,376	28,215	36,309	21,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,395	30,050	33,345	2,310	1,035	1,275
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,323	6,282	8,120	7,400	6,448	8,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,445	33,075	29,365	2,265	1,180	1,080
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,444	38,760	26,437	31,253	39,501	24,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	85,605	43,080	42,525	3,270	1,605	1,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,340	41,695	40,645	3,150	1,520	1,630
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,559	45,568	33,395	37,469	44,602	30,792
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,365	41,695	40,670	3,150	1,525	1,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,136	37,328	28,839	32,728	38,046	27,750
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,895	38,065	34,830	2,880	1,405	1,475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,040	43,470	30,014	34,043	42,536	25,951
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,420	30,170	33,250	2,350	1,030	1,325
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,786	8,129	9,382	8,527	7,951	8,977
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,445	33,175	29,270	2,340	1,195	1,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,686	43,197	31,440	35,890	44,122	27,299
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	85,600	43,080	42,525	3,275	1,605	1,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	27,635	15,095	12,540	1,120	680	440
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,347	51,388	39,189	46,499	52,575	41,161
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,003	55,853	42,961	52,063	56,937	44,548
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	87.2	76.8	83.4	87.5	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.1	75.2	67.8	70.4	76.7	62.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.1	12.8	23.2	16.6	12.3	22.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	85,600	43,100	42,500	3,205	1,570	1,630
Without total income	3,220	1,335	1,880	120	60	60
With total income	82,385	41,760	40,620	3,080	1,505	1,575
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.9	95.6	96.1	95.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,440	3,875	5,565	375	150	220
$10,000 to $19,999	14,355	5,510	8,840	580	215	360
$20,000 to $29,999	12,770	5,585	7,190	505	200	300
$30,000 to $39,999	11,820	5,770	6,045	430	195	240
$40,000 to $49,999	10,285	5,535	4,750	400	210	190
$50,000 to $59,999	7,575	4,470	3,105	205	110	100
$60,000 to $69,999	5,395	3,460	1,935	200	150	50
$70,000 to $79,999	4,070	2,650	1,425	135	105	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,410	1,655	755	85	50	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	1,070	395	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	2,810	2,195	610	105	80	25
$100,000 to $149,999	2,235	1,745	485	65	50	15
$150,000 and over	575	450	125	35	25	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	85,605	43,105	42,500	3,205	1,570	1,635
Without after-tax income	3,195	1,340	1,855	120	65	60
With after-tax income	82,415	41,765	40,645	3,080	1,505	1,575
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.9	95.6	96.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,810	3,960	5,855	380	155	230
$10,000 to $19,999	15,165	5,925	9,240	615	240	375
$20,000 to $29,999	15,860	7,155	8,705	580	220	365
$30,000 to $39,999	15,000	7,875	7,130	525	270	250
$40,000 to $49,999	11,325	6,670	4,645	360	175	190
$50,000 to $59,999	7,175	4,540	2,630	260	195	60
$60,000 to $69,999	4,055	2,605	1,455	160	115	50
$70,000 to $79,999	1,865	1,360	505	90	50	35
$80,000 and over	2,165	1,675	485	110	85	30
$80,000 to $89,999	900	690	210	40	30	10
$90,000 to $99,999	470	370	100	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	795	615	180	55	40	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	85,605	43,100	42,500	3,205	1,570	1,630
Without employment income	23,160	10,025	13,135	940	385	550
With employment income	62,440	33,075	29,365	2,265	1,185	1,080
Percentage with employment income	72.9	76.7	69.1	70.7	75.5	66.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,930	3,515	3,420	285	135	155
$5,000 to $9,999	4,550	1,830	2,720	175	70	110
$10,000 to $19,999	9,405	3,870	5,540	350	145	200
$20,000 to $29,999	8,360	3,735	4,630	295	120	170
$30,000 to $39,999	8,370	4,115	4,255	280	130	145
$40,000 to $49,999	7,035	3,830	3,210	280	145	135
$50,000 to $59,999	5,330	3,330	2,000	140	75	65
$60,000 to $69,999	4,085	2,760	1,325	150	120	30
$70,000 to $79,999	3,340	2,200	1,130	110	90	25
$80,000 and over	5,035	3,885	1,145	205	145	55
$80,000 to $89,999	1,780	1,325	455	65	45	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,170	895	270	60	35	20
$100,000 and over	2,085	1,665	420	75	65	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,910	...	...	1,545	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,941	...	...	67,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	59,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,695	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,455	...	...	30,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,440	...	...	28,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,215	...	...	1,150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,112	...	...	80,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,800	...	...	71,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,917	...	...	75,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,610	...	...	66,369	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,680	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,826	...	...	37,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,189	...	...	33,769	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,230	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,871	...	...	89,074	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,687	...	...	77,504	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,905	...	...	1,545	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	455	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	925	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,630	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,750	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,570	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,045	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,075	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,085	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,120	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,105	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,820	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,355	...	...	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,040	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,610	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,975	...	...	405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,950	...	...	175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,830	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,345	...	...	95	...	...
$200,000 and over	845	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,910	...	...	1,545	...	...
Under $5,000	400	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	465	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	940	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,705	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,975	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,880	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,600	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,495	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,700	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,740	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,965	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,370	...	...	160	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,705	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,110	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,495	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,360	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,760	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,560	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,040	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,285	...	...	1,125	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,893	...	...	80,282	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,562	...	...	70,758	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,785	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,129	...	...	71,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,915	...	...	64,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,680	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,349	...	...	102,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,980	...	...	90,027	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,015	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,791	...	...	48,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,764	...	...	45,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,375	...	...	1,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,791	...	...	88,981	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,543	...	...	77,390	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,815	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,714	...	...	77,607	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,596	...	...	67,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,755	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,113	...	...	109,619	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,416	...	...	94,457	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,995	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,760	...	...	57,388	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,956	...	...	51,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,665	7,730	5,935	500	235	270
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,479	35,302	27,208	29,632	30,720	28,736
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,296	30,876	25,295	27,456	28,224	26,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,405	7,555	5,855	455	180	270
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,500	40,545	33,569	36,231	37,489	35,388
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,459	33,409	28,943	32,490	32,834	32,260
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	106,375	53,875	52,500	3,880	1,925	1,950
In the bottom half of the distribution	62,060	30,920	31,145	2,085	1,000	1,080
In the bottom decile	7,560	3,800	3,760	275	130	145
In the second decile	11,070	5,295	5,785	405	190	220
In the third decile	14,170	7,065	7,105	495	240	255
In the fourth decile	14,675	7,345	7,330	415	195	215
In the fifth decile	14,585	7,415	7,170	500	250	245
In the top half of the distribution	44,320	22,960	21,355	1,790	925	865
In the sixth decile	13,410	6,980	6,435	515	265	255
In the seventh decile	12,200	6,265	5,935	450	235	215
In the eighth decile	9,595	4,935	4,660	415	215	200
In the ninth decile	6,370	3,320	3,050	245	125	120
In the top decile	2,745	1,460	1,285	160	85	75
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	106,375	53,875	52,505	3,880	1,925	1,955
0 to 17 years	24,320	12,495	11,825	840	445	395
0 to 5 years	8,575	4,425	4,145	265	130	130
18 to 64 years	68,355	34,545	33,815	2,320	1,160	1,165
65 years and over	13,700	6,835	6,860	715	325	390
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,350	5,955	6,395	475	220	255
0 to 17 years	2,935	1,525	1,410	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	865	445	420	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	6,930	3,360	3,570	255	120	130
65 years and over	2,475	1,065	1,415	95	30	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	11.1	12.2	12.2	11.4	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.1	12.2	11.9	15.5	15.7	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.1	10.1	10.1	15.1	15.4	15.4
18 to 64 years (%)	10.1	9.7	10.6	11.0	10.3	11.2
65 years and over (%)	18.1	15.6	20.6	13.3	9.2	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,295	2,705	2,590	165	90	80
0 to 17 years	1,045	550	495	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	270	140	130	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	3,765	1,980	1,780	125	70	55
65 years and over	485	175	315	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.3	4.7	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	4.4	4.2	4.2	3.4	5.1
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.8	0.0	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.4	6.0	4.7
65 years and over (%)	3.5	2.6	4.6	0.7	0.0	1.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	106,375	53,875	52,500	3,965	1,995	1,965
Official languages	106,290	53,830	52,455	3,960	2,000	1,960
English	36,710	20,140	16,570	3,945	1,990	1,950
French	105,985	53,670	52,315	145	65	85
Non-official languages	6,030	2,950	3,080	155	70	90
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,025	2,950	3,075	150	65	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	410	240	170	0	0	0
Berber languages	70	45	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	370	220	150	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	360	215	150	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	25	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	15	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	740	350	395	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	690	310	380	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,525	2,210	2,315	130	50	80
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	120	110	20	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	225	120	105	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	40	30	0	0	0
Russian	100	45	50	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	90	80	75	40	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	140	70	65	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	70	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	10	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	30	25	10	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,050	1,940	2,110	30	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	905	535	370	15	10	10
Portuguese	355	180	175	0	0	10
Romanian	105	50	45	0	0	0
Spanish	2,875	1,275	1,605	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	85	45	40	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	106,375	53,880	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	105,500	53,455	52,045	3,910	1,975	1,935
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,240	12,435	11,805	895	510	390
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,260	41,020	40,240	3,015	1,470	1,545
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	880	425	455	50	20	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	106,375	53,875	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	102,650	51,895	50,760	3,745	1,910	1,835
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,650	1,940	1,710	210	80	130
Before 1981	1,110	620	490	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	505	250	250	20	0	10
1991 to 2000	630	330	300	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,015	565	445	15	10	10
2001 to 2005	510	285	230	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	500	280	215	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	395	175	220	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	35	35	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,650	1,945	1,710	210	80	130
Under 5 years	505	235	275	25	10	10
5 to 14 years	785	445	335	60	15	45
15 to 24 years	825	430	395	60	35	30
25 to 44 years	1,365	760	610	55	20	35
45 years and over	175	75	95	10	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,650	1,940	1,710	210	85	130
Americas	1,270	615	650	15	0	10
Brazil	30	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	85	25	65	10	0	10
El Salvador	50	30	20	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	415	195	215	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	60	15	50	0	0	0
Peru	85	50	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	100	50	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	370	180	190	0	0	0
Europe	1,495	850	640	195	75	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	645	395	255	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	30	15	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	220	155	60	0	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	45	30	20
Poland	35	20	10	0	0	0
Portugal	160	85	75	0	0	0
Romania	75	30	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	0	90	35	60
Other places of birth in Europe	235	105	130	15	0	10
Africa	500	285	215	0	0	0
Algeria	175	100	65	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	45	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	240	120	120	0	0	0
Asia	380	180	200	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	0	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	45	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	35	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	60	65	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	395	175	225	0	0	0
Americas	175	60	115	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	25	0	0	0
Cuba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	30	35	0	0	0
Europe	65	35	25	0	0	0
France	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	105	55	45	0	0	0
Algeria	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	25	30	0	0	0
Asia	45	15	30	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	106,380	53,880	52,500	3,960	2,000	1,965
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,840	2,015	1,825	230	95	130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,040	2,735	2,310	500	200	300
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	97,495	49,130	48,370	3,235	1,700	1,535
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,585	1,360	1,230	65	20	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,210	680	535	35	10	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	535	355	180	15	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	675	320	355	25	10	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,030	490	545	20	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	340	180	155	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	106,380	53,875	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,435	685	755	85	60	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,360	650	715	80	60	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	590	245	340	25	25	0
Métis	760	400	360	55	25	25
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,940	53,190	51,750	3,880	1,945	1,935
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	106,375	53,875	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	295	130	165	15	15	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	106,085	53,745	52,335	3,945	1,985	1,965
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	106,380	53,875	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,150	570	580	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,120	555	560	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	905	430	475	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	205	125	75	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,640	1,695	1,950	170	100	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,575	1,655	1,920	170	105	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,205	1,475	1,730	105	80	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	345	175	175	55	25	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	40	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	40	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,585	51,615	49,970	3,785	1,890	1,900
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	106,380	53,875	52,500	3,960	1,995	1,965
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,360	1,665	1,700	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	45	10	0	0	0
Chinese	105	15	90	0	0	0
Black	1,740	890	855	0	0	0
Filipino	25	10	10	0	10	0
Latin American	810	375	435	0	0	10
Arab	310	190	120	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	140	60	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	25	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	103,015	52,215	50,805	3,950	1,990	1,960
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	106,380	53,875	52,505	3,965	2,000	1,965
North American Aboriginal origins	4,795	2,265	2,530	175	105	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,210	1,960	2,245	105	80	30
Inuit	40	10	40	0	0	0
Métis	645	360	290	65	35	30
Other North American origins	82,515	41,695	40,820	1,720	900	820
Acadian	915	420	495	0	0	0
American	480	265	215	50	25	20
Canadian	78,675	39,700	38,970	1,710	895	810
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Québécois	3,490	1,825	1,665	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	35,350	17,965	17,385	3,035	1,525	1,505
British Isles origins	8,150	3,980	4,175	2,570	1,270	1,305
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,490	670	820	1,770	815	950
Irish	5,710	2,715	2,995	1,095	580	510
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,725	895	830	1,195	605	590
Welsh	15	10	10	150	75	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	195	100	95	75	35	35
French origins	23,915	12,255	11,660	335	170	165
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	180	80	105	0	0	0
Corsican	35	20	10	0	0	0
French	23,735	12,165	11,570	335	170	160
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,435	1,215	1,220	1,050	540	505
Austrian	65	20	50	50	30	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	695	380	315	0	0	0
Dutch	125	75	50	380	210	165
Flemish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,340	655	685	685	320	370
Luxembourger	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	205	95	110	55	20	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	215	105	115	35	20	15
Danish	20	10	15	20	10	10
Finnish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	30	35	10	10	0
Swedish	70	25	40	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,325	680	635	205	90	115
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	10	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	15	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	65	65	30	15	20
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	15	25	10	0	10
Moldovan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	475	255	215	45	25	25
Romanian	175	100	80	0	0	0
Russian	150	75	65	45	25	20
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	385	210	175	90	50	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,095	3,155	2,940	190	95	100
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	265	135	130	10	10	10
Italian	4,505	2,315	2,190	95	55	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	775	430	345	15	10	10
Serbian	0	10	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	85	35	45	15	10	0
Slovenian	10	10	10	20	10	15
Spanish	695	340	360	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	60	15	45	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	115	120	0	0	0
Basque	60	30	35	0	0	0
Jewish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,590	775	810	20	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	155	65	90	0	0	0
Dominican	145	60	85	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	1,230	615	615	0	0	0
Jamaican	50	20	30	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	30	20	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,105	520	575	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Chilean	60	35	30	0	0	10
Colombian	125	45	80	10	0	0
Costa Rican	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	85	40	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	70	30	40	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	150	75	75	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	210	110	100	0	0	0
Salvadorean	205	110	95	0	0	0
Uruguayan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Venezuelan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	20	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,015	575	440	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	190	130	60	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	35	30	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	500	295	205	0	0	0
Algerian	220	115	105	0	0	0
Berber	70	35	35	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	75	50	25	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	115	75	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	35	30	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	105	65	35	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	245	100	150	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	230	90	140	0	10	0
Asian origins	930	455	475	40	20	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	425	235	190	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	205	120	90	10	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	25	20	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	65	45	20	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	25	10	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	440	170	265	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Chinese	155	40	120	0	0	0
Filipino	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	20	40	0	0	0
Laotian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	60	70	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	35	25	10	10	0	0
Australian	35	30	10	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
Owner	33,280	...	...	1,220	...	...
Renter	9,620	...	...	335	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,910	...	...	1,555	...	...
Condominium	4,050	...	...	115	...	...
Not condominium	38,860	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,130	...	...	115	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,555	...	...	300	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,975	...	...	670	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,225	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,535	...	...	270	...	...
5 rooms	7,120	...	...	180	...	...
6 rooms	6,400	...	...	290	...	...
7 rooms	6,185	...	...	205	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,670	...	...	610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,700	...	...	1,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	205	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,910	...	...	1,555	...	...
Suitable	41,670	...	...	1,500	...	...
Not suitable	1,235	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
1960 or before	5,145	...	...	455	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,145	...	...	460	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,120	...	...	210	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,015	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,700	...	...	120	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,830	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,950	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,910	...	...	1,555	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,400	...	...	1,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,505	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,715	...	...	945	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,715	...	...	585	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	470	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,905	...	...	1,555	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,200	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,100	...	...	205	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,300	...	...	250	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,355	...	...	290	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,395	...	...	330	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,750	...	...	225	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,340	...	...	175	...	...
85 years and over	455	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,540	...	...	1,555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,585	...	...	1,160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,955	...	...	390	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,240	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,985	...	...	1,220	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	74.0	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,088	...	...	1,209	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,104	...	...	1,171	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,860	...	...	274,545	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,190	...	...	298,707	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,575	...	...	335	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.2	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.1	...	...	49.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	991	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	1,017	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	85,605	43,075	42,525	3,275	1,605	1,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,000	11,765	10,230	765	425	335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,140	9,085	10,050	1,070	570	500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,470	22,215	22,250	1,440	610	825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,055	12,965	8,090	245	195	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	14,505	7,450	7,050	100	75	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,550	5,515	1,035	145	120	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,455	5,460	7,995	835	270	570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,285	905	1,380	60	35	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,665	2,885	4,780	300	115	185
Bachelor's degree	5,830	2,130	3,705	245	85	155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	720	280	440	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	60	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	870	370	495	35	20	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	50	35	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,855	30,155	29,700	2,030	1,005	1,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,390	6,575	4,815	270	175	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,395	5,960	6,440	650	365	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,065	17,625	18,440	1,105	460	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,155	10,260	6,895	170	125	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,855	5,810	6,040	80	60	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,300	4,450	855	90	65	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,475	4,285	6,190	640	220	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,735	675	1,060	40	30	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,695	2,405	4,290	255	90	165
Bachelor's degree	5,080	1,765	3,315	210	70	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	615	230	390	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	50	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	790	330	460	30	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	35	30	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	85,605	43,075	42,530	3,270	1,605	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	41,135	20,855	20,280	1,835	1,000	840
Education	2,820	615	2,210	70	10	55
13. Education	2,820	610	2,210	70	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,450	600	855	50	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	350	220	125	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,100	370	730	40	10	35
Humanities	1,490	590	900	55	15	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	15	110	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	930	390	535	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	15	0	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	50	45	10	10	10
54. History	80	50	30	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	215	55	160	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,985	570	2,415	185	50	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	315	65	250	15	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,135	65	1,070	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	520	95	425	15	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	25	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	470	65	400	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	455	240	215	65	25	35
Business, management and public administration	9,010	2,425	6,580	185	50	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	430	80	350	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,575	2,345	6,225	155	45	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	810	420	385	30	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	95	145	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	60	55	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	175	75	100	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	190	150	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	40	45	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,265	855	405	50	10	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,125	810	315	50	10	40
25. Library science	85	10	70	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,925	12,110	815	320	310	10
04. Architecture and related services	240	140	100	15	10	0
14. Engineering	655	575	80	20	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,010	1,805	210	55	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,260	4,140	125	70	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,385	3,255	135	125	125	0
48. Precision production	2,375	2,205	170	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	970	640	330	40	25	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	770	490	280	35	25	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	150	50	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,605	775	4,830	300	30	270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	115	200	25	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,265	650	4,610	275	15	260
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,145	2,625	2,515	150	80	75
12. Personal and culinary services	2,560	480	2,080	60	0	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,220	930	290	50	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,340	1,195	145	35	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,855	30,155	29,695	2,030	1,000	1,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,790	12,535	11,260	920	540	380
Education	2,095	450	1,645	50	0	40
13. Education	2,100	455	1,645	55	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,165	475	690	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	285	190	100	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	875	285	600	15	10	10
Humanities	985	365	620	35	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	0	70	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	575	240	340	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	20	35	10	0	0
54. History	65	40	25	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	185	45	135	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,540	460	2,075	145	30	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	60	185	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	945	40	900	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	460	70	385	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	20	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	420	60	360	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	410	205	205	40	15	30
Business, management and public administration	7,665	1,995	5,675	125	35	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	360	70	290	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,305	1,925	5,380	110	30	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	295	245	30	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	75	125	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	65	35	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	30	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	100	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,090	725	360	40	10	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	980	695	285	35	10	25
25. Library science	65	10	60	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,375	9,635	740	245	230	15
04. Architecture and related services	200	120	80	10	0	10
14. Engineering	590	515	75	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,625	1,445	175	55	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,360	3,235	125	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,705	2,585	120	95	90	0
48. Precision production	1,895	1,735	165	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	785	495	290	25	10	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	615	375	245	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	120	45	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,605	655	3,950	255	30	230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	95	175	25	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,310	555	3,760	230	15	220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,215	2,070	2,140	130	65	65
12. Personal and culinary services	2,115	345	1,770	55	0	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	955	705	250	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,130	1,015	120	30	30	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	85,605	43,080	42,525	3,270	1,605	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,135	20,855	20,280	1,835	995	835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,465	22,220	22,250	1,435	610	825
Location of study inside Canada	43,565	21,655	21,915	1,365	580	790
Same as province or territory of residence	43,230	21,475	21,755	1,295	545	745
Different than province or territory of residence	340	185	155	75	40	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	900	565	335	65	25	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	90	15	25	10	20
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	320	230	90	0	0	0
Other	455	235	220	30	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,855	30,155	29,695	2,030	1,005	1,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,790	12,530	11,260	920	540	380
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,065	17,625	18,440	1,110	465	645
Location of study inside Canada	35,320	17,180	18,145	1,070	450	615
Same as province or territory of residence	35,070	17,050	18,020	1,005	420	590
Different than province or territory of residence	245	130	120	60	25	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	745	440	295	40	15	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	60	15	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	260	175	85	0	0	0
Other	390	200	185	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	85,605	43,080	42,530	3,275	1,605	1,670
In the labour force	58,510	30,925	27,585	2,125	1,115	1,010
Employed	54,945	28,815	26,130	1,960	1,015	945
Unemployed	3,565	2,110	1,455	165	100	65
Not in the labour force	27,090	12,150	14,945	1,150	490	655
Participation rate	68.3	71.8	64.9	64.9	69.5	60.5
Employment rate	64.2	66.9	61.4	59.8	63.2	56.6
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.8	5.3	7.8	9.0	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	85,605	43,075	42,525	3,275	1,605	1,670
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,740	11,425	14,315	1,005	425	585
Worked	59,865	31,655	28,215	2,270	1,185	1,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	28,230	15,455	12,770	1,140	695	445
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,640	16,200	15,445	1,130	490	640
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.0	42.8	42.9	43.5	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	58,510	30,925	27,585	2,125	1,115	1,010
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,105	565	540	25	0	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	57,405	30,365	27,040	2,100	1,110	990
Employee	49,950	25,765	24,185	1,920	1,015	905
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,455	4,600	2,860	175	90	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	58,510	30,930	27,580	2,125	1,115	1,010
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,105	565	540	25	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	57,410	30,365	27,040	2,095	1,105	990
0 Management occupations	5,570	3,540	2,025	185	115	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,410	2,060	6,350	190	45	145
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,330	1,755	575	80	70	15
3 Health occupations	3,495	450	3,045	150	0	145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,255	1,530	4,725	235	100	140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,110	460	645	45	20	30
6 Sales and service occupations	12,640	4,985	7,660	590	210	380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,500	12,650	855	350	330	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	865	685	185	60	50	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,230	2,255	975	195	155	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	58,515	30,925	27,585	2,125	1,115	1,010
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,100	565	545	25	10	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	57,410	30,360	27,040	2,100	1,105	995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,165	770	400	40	25	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	120	25	10	10	0
22 Utilities	405	295	105	10	15	0
23 Construction	7,175	6,285	890	150	135	15
31-33 Manufacturing	6,930	4,975	1,950	260	195	65
41 Wholesale trade	2,410	1,655	755	75	55	20
44-45 Retail trade	7,840	3,615	4,220	355	175	180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,115	2,315	795	70	60	10
51 Information and cultural industries	785	460	325	40	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,515	395	1,120	20	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	715	375	335	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,610	1,190	1,425	60	40	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	15	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,590	1,615	975	95	45	50
61 Educational services	3,245	845	2,405	145	40	110
62 Health care and social assistance	7,070	830	6,245	260	25	240
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	855	485	365	45	35	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,940	965	1,975	205	70	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,975	1,535	1,440	100	55	45
91 Public administration	2,885	1,610	1,275	145	95	50
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	54,945	28,815	26,130	1,960	1,020	945
Worked at home	3,725	1,665	2,055	50	15	30
Worked outside Canada	50	40	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,620	6,040	1,575	240	170	70
Worked at usual place	43,555	21,070	22,485	1,670	825	845
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	43,550	21,070	22,485	1,675	825	850
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,070	2,950	4,120	575	265	305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,935	2,935	4,005	915	450	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	29,510	15,165	14,345	185	105	75
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,170	27,110	24,060	1,915	1,000	910
Car, truck, van - as a driver	46,005	24,880	21,130	1,590	860	725
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,850	835	1,020	160	75	85
Public transit	1,505	595	915	0	0	0
Walked	1,260	515	745	145	50	95
Bicycle	135	90	45	15	15	10
Other method	405	200	210	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,165	27,110	24,060	1,910	1,000	915
Less than 15 minutes	9,760	4,350	5,410	635	270	370
15 to 29 minutes	13,470	6,435	7,035	730	330	400
30 to 44 minutes	12,840	7,145	5,695	235	165	70
45 to 59 minutes	7,270	4,465	2,805	155	110	45
60 minutes and over	7,830	4,710	3,125	155	125	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,170	27,105	24,060	1,910	1,000	915
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,180	6,295	1,885	205	155	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,825	6,315	4,505	365	245	115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,930	4,860	7,070	480	245	230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,240	2,585	4,655	375	150	230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,685	1,315	2,370	160	40	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,315	5,740	3,575	335	155	175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	61,605	32,495	29,110	2,310	1,195	1,110
Single responses	59,325	31,170	28,150	2,300	1,195	1,105
Official languages	59,265	31,145	28,125	2,300	1,195	1,105
English	1,580	940	640	2,295	1,190	1,105
French	57,685	30,205	27,485	0	0	0
Non-official languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,280	1,320	960	10	0	10
English and French	2,180	1,280	900	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	65	25	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	61,605	32,495	29,110	2,305	1,195	1,110
None	48,115	25,040	23,075	2,300	1,190	1,105
English	12,015	6,610	5,410	0	0	0
French	1,155	645	505	10	10	0
Non-official language	200	125	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	200	125	80	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	105	55	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	105,040	53,195	51,840	3,920	1,975	1,950
Non-movers	93,995	47,755	46,240	3,560	1,790	1,765
Movers	11,040	5,440	5,605	360	180	180
Non-migrants	4,205	2,040	2,165	160	65	95
Migrants	6,835	3,400	3,440	205	115	90
Internal migrants	6,775	3,375	3,400	200	110	90
Intraprovincial migrants	6,660	3,310	3,350	185	100	80
Interprovincial migrants	115	65	50	15	0	0
External migrants	60	20	35	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	99,315	50,145	49,175	3,745	1,875	1,870
Non-movers	63,990	32,720	31,265	2,545	1,265	1,285
Movers	35,330	17,425	17,905	1,200	610	590
Non-migrants	13,545	6,665	6,875	500	270	230
Migrants	21,785	10,755	11,030	695	340	360
Internal migrants	21,515	10,630	10,880	685	330	355
Intraprovincial migrants	21,370	10,560	10,810	610	300	310
Interprovincial migrants	140	70	70	75	35	45
External migrants	275	125	150	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario