Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Selkirk Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	95,527	...	...	9,839	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	97,261	...	...	9,416^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.8	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,667	...	...	4,163	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,749	...	...	4,016	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.1	...	...	1,676.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,320.03	...	...	5.87	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	95,530	47,510	48,020	9,835	4,640	5,195
0 to 14 years	13,925	7,270	6,660	1,615	810	810
0 to 4 years	4,410	2,315	2,090	520	250	275
5 to 9 years	4,950	2,580	2,365	545	290	255
10 to 14 years	4,570	2,370	2,200	550	270	275
15 to 64 years	58,540	29,670	28,870	6,110	2,950	3,155
15 to 19 years	4,565	2,395	2,165	605	295	305
20 to 24 years	4,435	2,255	2,185	635	340	300
25 to 29 years	4,360	2,235	2,125	600	290	315
30 to 34 years	4,735	2,445	2,290	600	280	325
35 to 39 years	5,395	2,715	2,685	495	240	250
40 to 44 years	5,130	2,635	2,495	515	240	275
45 to 49 years	5,465	2,790	2,675	600	275	325
50 to 54 years	7,450	3,740	3,710	690	325	365
55 to 59 years	8,575	4,270	4,305	695	340	355
60 to 64 years	8,430	4,190	4,235	670	325	350
65 years and over	23,060	10,570	12,490	2,105	880	1,225
65 to 69 years	7,505	3,705	3,795	625	300	330
70 to 74 years	5,735	2,870	2,860	460	195	265
75 to 79 years	3,860	1,820	2,040	365	165	205
80 to 84 years	2,840	1,160	1,680	315	120	190
85 years and over	3,125	1,010	2,115	335	95	240
85 to 89 years	1,950	730	1,220	195	65	130
90 to 94 years	900	240	665	90	25	70
95 to 99 years	245	45	200	35	5	25
100 years and over	30	0	30	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.3	13.9	16.4	17.5	15.6
15 to 64 years	61.3	62.5	60.1	62.1	63.6	60.7
65 years and over	24.1	22.2	26.0	21.4	19.0	23.6
85 years and over	3.3	2.1	4.4	3.4	2.0	4.6
Average age of the population	45.9	44.7	47.1	42.8	41.2	44.2
Median age of the population	49.8	48.2	51.1	43.7	41.4	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,750	...	...	4,015	...	...
Single-detached house	29,400	...	...	2,625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...	280	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,765	...	...	1,110	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,775	...	...	125	...	...
Row house	370	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,095	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,245	...	...	730	...	...
Other single-attached house	280	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	530	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,745	...	...	4,020	...	...
1 person	14,525	...	...	1,260	...	...
2 persons	16,575	...	...	1,405	...	...
3 persons	5,185	...	...	590	...	...
4 persons	4,365	...	...	500	...	...
5 or more persons	2,095	...	...	260	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,990	...	...	9,280	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	81,600	40,240	41,360	8,215	3,830	4,385
Married or living common law	49,145	24,595	24,550	4,070	2,055	2,020
Married	27,645	13,850	13,800	3,250	1,645	1,605
Living common law	21,495	10,745	10,745	825	410	410
Not married and not living common law	32,455	15,640	16,810	4,140	1,775	2,365
Never married	20,760	11,740	9,025	2,455	1,305	1,150
Separated	910	465	445	245	85	155
Divorced	4,725	2,180	2,540	660	255	415
Widowed	6,055	1,255	4,800	780	140	645
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	27,405	...	...	2,690	...	...
2 persons	16,335	...	...	1,480	...	...
3 persons	4,970	...	...	590	...	...
4 persons	4,190	...	...	440	...	...
5 or more persons	1,910	...	...	180	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	27,405	...	...	2,690	...	...
Total couple families	24,030	...	...	1,975	...	...
Married couples	13,295	...	...	1,565	...	...
Common-law couples	10,740	...	...	410	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,375	...	...	715	...	...
Female parent	2,495	...	...	595	...	...
Male parent	880	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,030	...	...	1,980	...	...
Couples without children	14,210	...	...	1,070	...	...
Couples with children	9,820	...	...	910	...	...
1 child	4,010	...	...	380	...	...
2 children	3,960	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	1,845	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,375	...	...	710	...	...
1 child	2,125	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	955	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	290	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,510	8,740	8,775	1,830	780	1,045
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,750	...	...	4,015	...	...
One-census-family households	27,050	...	...	2,525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,045	...	...	1,010	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,005	...	...	1,515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	175	...	...	80	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,520	...	...	1,410	...	...
One-person households	14,525	...	...	1,265	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,000	...	...	145	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	94,185	46,980	47,205	9,335	4,385	4,950
English only	80	50	30	8,825	4,175	4,650
French only	77,540	37,615	39,920	0	0	5
English and French	16,515	9,280	7,230	495	200	295
Neither English nor French	50	30	20	15	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	94,185	46,980	47,205	9,340	4,385	4,950
English	440	225	215	9,210	4,330	4,880
French	93,620	46,685	46,930	100	45	50
English and French	80	40	35	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	50	25	25	20	10	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	480	250	230	105	45	60
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.1	1.0	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	94,185	46,980	47,200	9,340	4,385	4,950
Single responses	93,950	46,860	47,085	9,215	4,330	4,880
Official languages	93,520	46,640	46,880	8,695	4,090	4,600
English	430	220	205	8,580	4,040	4,540
French	93,090	46,415	46,670	115	50	65
Non-official languages	430	230	205	520	245	280
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	40	20	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	40	15	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	425	230	200	480	225	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	10	5	5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	35	30	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	30	10	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	5	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	105	105	360	160	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	155	70	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	155	65	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	5	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	30	10	20
Russian	10	0	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	110	45	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	135	65	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	20	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	40	15	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	5	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	70	55	30	15	15
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	5	5	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	5	0
Spanish	100	55	45	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	5	5	0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	115	120	125	55	70
English and French	160	75	85	35	15	25
English and non-official language	5	0	5	90	40	50
French and non-official language	70	35	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	94,185	46,980	47,205	9,335	4,385	4,950
Single responses	93,925	46,850	47,075	9,200	4,330	4,875
Official languages	93,705	46,725	46,980	9,080	4,270	4,810
English	250	125	130	9,070	4,265	4,805
French	93,455	46,605	46,855	20	10	10
Non-official languages	215	120	100	120	60	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	120	95	115	55	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	5
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	25	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	30	0	25	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	50	55	60	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	5	5	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	5	15	25	5	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	5	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	20	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	30	15	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	260	135	130	135	55	80
English and French	150	80	70	15	0	10
English and non-official language	10	0	5	115	55	70
French and non-official language	90	35	50	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	94,180	46,980	47,200	9,335	4,385	4,950
None	92,075	45,835	46,240	9,025	4,235	4,785
English	1,600	890	710	60	30	25
French	235	120	115	75	30	45
Non-official language	230	105	120	185	90	90
Aboriginal	5	5	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	220	105	120	150	75	75
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	78,075	38,960	39,115	7,665	3,540	4,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,640	38,325	38,315	7,335	3,370	3,955
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,693	36,061	25,411	32,817	40,867	28,041
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,650	38,330	38,320	7,335	3,375	3,955
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,732	31,755	23,657	29,495	35,537	25,848
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,395	34,850	32,545	6,525	3,080	3,450
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,968	32,695	21,793	29,446	38,912	23,072
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,355	29,490	31,860	5,645	2,325	3,320
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,821	8,313	9,369	7,803	7,173	8,259
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,360	28,870	24,485	5,120	2,545	2,575
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,622	33,207	24,013	32,720	40,846	26,918
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	78,080	39,050	39,025	7,690	3,535	4,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,700	38,415	38,290	7,370	3,370	4,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,995	41,296	30,676	38,555	45,948	32,328
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,720	38,415	38,305	7,370	3,370	4,005
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,741	34,653	26,818	32,660	37,976	28,182
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,310	34,895	32,415	6,495	3,040	3,455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,418	37,798	26,627	35,946	44,889	28,076
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,410	29,480	31,925	5,655	2,340	3,315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,427	9,074	9,753	8,970	7,853	9,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,360	28,840	24,520	5,130	2,575	2,555
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,058	36,927	28,507	37,419	43,601	31,189
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	78,075	39,050	39,025	7,690	3,535	4,155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,100	13,680	10,415	2,435	1,345	1,090
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,240	43,794	36,150	48,428	53,585	41,813
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	44,655	47,978	40,290	52,310	57,549	45,854
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.1	83.1	73.7	83.0	88.2	76.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.6	67.0	59.0	67.6	72.5	61.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.9	16.9	26.3	17.1	11.7	23.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	78,075	38,960	39,115	7,665	3,540	4,125
Without total income	1,435	635	800	330	165	165
With total income	76,640	38,325	38,310	7,330	3,375	3,955
Percentage with total income	98.2	98.4	97.9	95.6	95.3	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,005	2,990	5,020	900	395	505
$10,000 to $19,999	16,155	6,300	9,860	1,155	400	750
$20,000 to $29,999	13,315	6,080	7,235	1,295	445	850
$30,000 to $39,999	12,140	6,340	5,795	1,050	400	650
$40,000 to $49,999	10,480	6,085	4,390	900	450	450
$50,000 to $59,999	6,510	4,045	2,470	590	350	240
$60,000 to $69,999	3,560	2,250	1,305	405	240	170
$70,000 to $79,999	2,515	1,515	1,000	335	215	120
$80,000 to $89,999	1,385	870	510	240	150	90
$90,000 to $99,999	760	505	255	155	95	55
$100,000 and over	1,810	1,340	475	300	225	75
$100,000 to $149,999	1,240	915	325	240	180	65
$150,000 and over	570	425	145	60	45	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	78,075	38,965	39,115	7,660	3,540	4,120
Without after-tax income	1,425	635	795	330	165	165
With after-tax income	76,650	38,325	38,320	7,335	3,375	3,960
Percentage with after-tax income	98.2	98.4	98.0	95.8	95.3	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,350	3,070	5,280	930	405	530
$10,000 to $19,999	16,890	6,635	10,255	1,280	445	835
$20,000 to $29,999	16,730	7,980	8,745	1,525	535	985
$30,000 to $39,999	15,425	8,695	6,725	1,320	605	715
$40,000 to $49,999	9,720	5,910	3,810	860	475	380
$50,000 to $59,999	4,560	2,755	1,810	590	360	230
$60,000 to $69,999	2,385	1,440	945	375	230	145
$70,000 to $79,999	1,005	675	335	205	130	70
$80,000 and over	1,590	1,170	420	250	190	60
$80,000 to $89,999	540	405	140	120	85	35
$90,000 to $99,999	295	205	85	50	40	10
$100,000 and over	755	560	195	85	65	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	78,080	38,965	39,115	7,660	3,540	4,125
Without employment income	24,720	10,090	14,630	2,545	995	1,550
With employment income	53,360	28,870	24,485	5,120	2,550	2,575
Percentage with employment income	68.3	74.1	62.6	66.8	72.0	62.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,420	4,015	3,405	640	300	345
$5,000 to $9,999	4,225	1,785	2,445	385	155	230
$10,000 to $19,999	8,040	3,470	4,575	695	275	415
$20,000 to $29,999	8,075	3,745	4,330	675	265	415
$30,000 to $39,999	8,285	4,520	3,760	620	250	365
$40,000 to $49,999	6,570	4,200	2,370	610	330	280
$50,000 to $59,999	4,020	2,780	1,240	415	250	165
$60,000 to $69,999	2,295	1,450	845	270	165	105
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	1,110	770	270	175	95
$80,000 and over	2,550	1,805	745	540	380	165
$80,000 to $89,999	890	585	305	215	125	85
$90,000 to $99,999	490	335	155	115	75	35
$100,000 and over	1,175	885	290	210	175	40
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,750	...	...	4,020	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,371	...	...	61,013	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,519	...	...	53,675	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,525	...	...	1,260	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,608	...	...	30,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,518	...	...	27,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,225	...	...	2,750	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,041	...	...	79,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,270	...	...	68,261	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,745	...	...	4,010	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,585	...	...	70,914	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,169	...	...	60,071	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,515	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,122	...	...	37,001	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,320	...	...	31,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,230	...	...	2,755	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,248	...	...	86,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,459	...	...	72,937	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,750	...	...	4,015	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	480	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,545	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,805	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,410	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,185	...	...	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,990	...	...	200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,610	...	...	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,410	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,250	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,075	...	...	315	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,460	...	...	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,190	...	...	280	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,680	...	...	265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,160	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,250	...	...	950	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,560	...	...	385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,730	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,300	...	...	230	...	...
$200,000 and over	655	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,745	...	...	4,015	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	485	...	...	90	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,570	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,920	...	...	195	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,765	...	...	295	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,665	...	...	250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,625	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,045	...	...	265	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,765	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,510	...	...	200	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,610	...	...	420	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,000	...	...	355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,240	...	...	365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,465	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,795	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,030	...	...	595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,390	...	...	315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	885	...	...	160	...	...
$150,000 and over	755	...	...	120	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,605	...	...	2,660	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,226	...	...	79,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,388	...	...	67,950	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,865	...	...	980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,493	...	...	77,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,593	...	...	66,597	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,870	...	...	925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,265	...	...	106,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,021	...	...	89,417	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,275	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,741	...	...	46,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,806	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,620	...	...	2,690	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,498	...	...	85,566	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,620	...	...	72,306	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,850	...	...	1,020	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,222	...	...	83,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,897	...	...	69,879	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,875	...	...	895	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,698	...	...	112,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,412	...	...	93,757	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,300	...	...	685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,272	...	...	55,114	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,531	...	...	49,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,230	8,130	8,100	1,565	645	920
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,798	31,207	23,409	29,069	34,720	27,110
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,004	28,040	22,664	26,469	30,112	25,472
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,130	8,175	7,950	1,525	585	940
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,323	35,685	30,894	35,409	38,215	33,669
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,708	30,305	27,066	30,307	31,496	29,569
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,985	46,215	45,770	9,280	4,350	4,930
In the bottom half of the distribution	59,430	29,315	30,120	5,425	2,410	3,020
In the bottom decile	6,415	3,055	3,360	1,120	495	625
In the second decile	12,380	5,565	6,815	1,110	430	675
In the third decile	13,455	6,795	6,665	1,105	480	620
In the fourth decile	14,090	7,210	6,885	1,040	490	550
In the fifth decile	13,085	6,690	6,395	1,055	515	540
In the top half of the distribution	32,555	16,905	15,650	3,850	1,940	1,910
In the sixth decile	11,415	5,930	5,485	1,030	520	515
In the seventh decile	9,005	4,640	4,360	985	505	480
In the eighth decile	6,195	3,210	2,985	770	380	395
In the ninth decile	3,620	1,895	1,720	720	360	365
In the top decile	2,320	1,225	1,095	340	180	160
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	91,990	46,220	45,765	9,280	4,350	4,925
0 to 17 years	16,595	8,680	7,910	1,980	990	995
0 to 5 years	5,330	2,795	2,530	620	295	325
18 to 64 years	55,160	27,850	27,310	5,485	2,615	2,875
65 years and over	20,230	9,685	10,550	1,815	750	1,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,970	5,855	7,115	1,675	695	980
0 to 17 years	1,660	850	805	610	310	300
0 to 5 years	530	285	245	220	100	120
18 to 64 years	6,370	2,980	3,390	805	310	490
65 years and over	4,940	2,020	2,920	260	75	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.7	15.5	18.0	16.0	19.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	9.8	10.2	30.8	31.3	30.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	10.2	9.7	35.5	33.9	36.9
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.7	12.4	14.7	11.9	17.0
65 years and over (%)	24.4	20.9	27.7	14.3	10.0	17.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,510	1,800	1,705	720	315	400
0 to 17 years	365	190	175	235	115	120
0 to 5 years	105	60	45	90	40	45
18 to 64 years	2,880	1,500	1,380	455	190	265
65 years and over	265	115	150	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.9	3.7	7.8	7.2	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	11.9	11.6	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	2.1	1.8	14.5	13.6	13.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.4	5.1	8.3	7.3	9.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.7	2.0	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,985	46,215	45,770	9,285	4,325	4,955
Official languages	91,940	46,195	45,745	9,275	4,325	4,950
English	16,265	9,220	7,040	9,275	4,325	4,950
French	91,900	46,165	45,735	540	255	285
Non-official languages	1,740	790	950	660	315	345
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	70	30	40
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	25	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,730	790	945	590	285	305
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	55	35	10	0	10
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	50	35	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	50	40	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	35	15	60	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	30	0	60	25	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,410	620	790	450	215	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	45	160	60	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	40	160	60	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	10	20	0	10
Russian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	145	55	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	60	85	165	95	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	120	45	75	130	75	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	20	0	55	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	55	25	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	20	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,210	525	685	85	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	45	45	15	10	0
Portuguese	50	35	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,115	470	650	65	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	0	15	40	15	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,985	46,215	45,765	9,290	4,330	4,960
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	91,415	45,920	45,490	9,125	4,255	4,870
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,480	8,610	7,865	1,925	955	970
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,935	37,310	37,620	7,205	3,300	3,900
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	570	295	275	160	70	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,990	46,220	45,765	9,285	4,330	4,955
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	90,805	45,605	45,195	8,855	4,100	4,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,020	525	495	410	225	190
Before 1981	235	110	130	180	100	80
1981 to 1990	80	55	20	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	135	65	65	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	315	160	155	85	50	40
2001 to 2005	130	65	65	25	15	10
2006 to 2010	190	95	90	65	35	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	255	135	125	95	45	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	160	80	80	25	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,025	530	495	410	220	190
Under 5 years	210	85	125	85	45	40
5 to 14 years	145	70	70	65	60	10
15 to 24 years	180	100	75	60	25	30
25 to 44 years	410	215	195	180	80	105
45 years and over	80	50	30	25	10	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,025	530	495	410	225	190
Americas	220	105	120	70	45	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	60	25	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	50	50	45	30	15
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	25	0	0	0
Europe	460	245	210	185	100	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	280	155	120	10	10	10
Germany	20	10	10	35	20	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Europe	105	55	55	15	0	10
Africa	170	100	65	10	0	0
Algeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	45	30	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	60	45	0	0	0
Asia	175	75	100	145	75	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	20	60	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	35	25	10
Lebanon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Philippines	15	10	10	65	30	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	30	20	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	255	135	125	95	45	45
Americas	10	10	0	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	35	35	0	0	0
France	45	25	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	105	60	50	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	25	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	35	70	30	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Philippines	15	10	10	20	10	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,985	46,215	45,765	9,285	4,330	4,955
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,245	640	605	445	240	205
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,140	570	570	1,120	485	630
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	89,600	45,010	44,595	7,725	3,605	4,120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	815	425	390	250	140	115
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	405	230	175	170	90	80
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	210	135	80	85	35	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	195	95	95	85	55	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	340	150	185	75	40	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	70	40	25	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,985	46,220	45,770	9,285	4,330	4,960
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	935	475	465	3,270	1,585	1,685
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	820	440	385	3,230	1,565	1,665
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	260	195	1,395	635	765
Métis	350	180	175	1,825	930	890
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	10	35	35	15	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	30	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	91,050	45,745	45,305	6,020	2,750	3,270
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,985	46,220	45,765	9,285	4,325	4,960
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	335	175	165	1,240	540	700
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	91,645	46,045	45,600	8,045	3,790	4,255
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,985	46,215	45,765	9,285	4,330	4,955
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	625	285	340	760	355	405
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	570	270	305	700	315	390
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	445	225	225	455	195	260
Métis single ancestry	120	50	70	245	120	130
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	10	35	60	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	15	20	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,595	800	795	2,370	1,130	1,240
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,575	790	785	2,225	1,075	1,150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,365	720	645	980	465	510
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	70	140	1,240	615	625
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	140	50	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	125	45	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	89,765	45,135	44,630	6,160	2,845	3,315
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,985	46,215	45,770	9,290	4,325	4,955
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	645	330	315	225	115	110
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	20	15	60	30	35
Chinese	95	25	70	0	0	0
Black	225	105	120	10	0	0
Filipino	40	35	10	75	35	40
Latin American	65	45	25	20	0	10
Arab	90	50	45	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	10	10	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	40	25	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	15	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	91,335	45,885	45,450	9,065	4,210	4,850
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,985	46,215	45,765	9,285	4,330	4,955
North American Aboriginal origins	2,215	1,080	1,135	3,125	1,480	1,645
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,875	960	915	1,625	750	880
Inuit	25	0	25	35	10	25
Métis	390	145	250	1,660	815	850
Other North American origins	77,965	39,115	38,850	2,405	1,075	1,330
Acadian	265	130	135	10	0	0
American	340	140	200	70	45	30
Canadian	76,195	38,235	37,960	2,350	1,040	1,310
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,790	905	880	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,420	12,275	12,145	7,105	3,325	3,785
British Isles origins	2,905	1,410	1,495	4,045	1,940	2,110
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	495	230	260	2,190	1,035	1,150
Irish	1,940	915	1,025	1,160	520	640
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	720	375	340	2,265	1,100	1,170
Welsh	20	10	10	95	45	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	10	20	115	60	50
French origins	22,135	11,210	10,920	1,110	595	520
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	70	45	25	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	22,090	11,175	10,915	1,110	590	515
Western European origins (except French origins)	815	395	420	1,950	900	1,050
Austrian	10	10	0	155	80	80
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	155	90	65	100	50	50
Dutch	60	45	15	275	125	150
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	500	210	285	1,540	705	840
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	115	55	65	35	30	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	20	35	1,225	525	700
Danish	20	15	10	65	30	30
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	795	350	445
Norwegian	15	10	15	165	80	90
Swedish	10	0	10	235	80	155
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	190	110	80	2,845	1,315	1,530
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	15	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0	90	40	50
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	30	20	0	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	50	35	1,125	590	535
Romanian	15	0	10	50	15	40
Russian	20	10	10	115	30	85
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	2,250	1,025	1,225
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	585	305	280	230	85	140
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	10	15	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	0	20	0	0	0
Italian	325	185	140	140	55	85
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	25	40	40	10	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	180	95	85	20	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	95	60	35	50	25	30
Basque	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	10	0	30	15	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	35	25	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	115	45	65	25	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	130	90	45	55	20	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	30	25	10	0	0	0
Colombian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	0	50	15	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	260	150	105	30	10	20
Central and West African origins	60	30	30	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	125	80	45	20	10	15
Algerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	100	60	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	15	0	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	25	25	0	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	20	20	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	20	0	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	20	0	0	0	10
Asian origins	335	180	155	230	120	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	100	60	50	20	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	20	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	30	20	0	70	30	35
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	20	10	40	20	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	200	100	95	150	85	60
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	110	40	70	25	15	10
Filipino	45	35	10	80	40	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	35	30	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	15	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,750	...	...	4,010	...	...
Owner	30,890	...	...	2,535	...	...
Renter	11,855	...	...	1,475	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
Condominium	1,845	...	...	210	...	...
Not condominium	40,905	...	...	3,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
No bedrooms	180	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	4,680	...	...	545	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,175	...	...	1,155	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,750	...	...	1,510	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,965	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,170	...	...	1,160	...	...
5 rooms	7,030	...	...	775	...	...
6 rooms	6,695	...	...	685	...	...
7 rooms	6,015	...	...	500	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,840	...	...	880	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,670	...	...	3,980	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
Suitable	42,255	...	...	3,850	...	...
Not suitable	490	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,745	...	...	4,005	...	...
1960 or before	16,505	...	...	1,225	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,395	...	...	1,675	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,205	...	...	325	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,495	...	...	245	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,595	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,970	...	...	165	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,580	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,750	...	...	4,005	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,940	...	...	3,560	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,810	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,745	...	...	4,010	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,360	...	...	2,640	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,170	...	...	1,300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	215	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,745	...	...	4,005	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,145	...	...	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,670	...	...	545	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,750	...	...	510	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,515	...	...	775	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,045	...	...	790	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,340	...	...	600	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,125	...	...	475	...	...
85 years and over	1,155	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,795	...	...	3,995	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,975	...	...	3,200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,825	...	...	800	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,400	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,050	...	...	2,535	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.1	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.4	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	631	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	976	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,338	...	...	250,018	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	169,624	...	...	256,965	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,770	...	...	1,470	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.1	...	...	36.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.5	...	...	35.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	543	...	...	791	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	572	...	...	809	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,080	39,055	39,025	7,690	3,535	4,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,585	10,830	9,755	1,920	990	930
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,450	7,015	8,435	2,555	1,185	1,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,045	21,210	20,830	3,215	1,365	1,850
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,955	11,685	6,270	740	465	270
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	13,460	8,070	5,395	385	175	205
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,495	3,615	880	355	290	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,270	5,120	8,150	1,560	525	1,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,270	770	1,500	165	60	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,550	3,635	4,915	745	315	435
Bachelor's degree	6,110	2,480	3,630	585	235	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	720	330	390	65	35	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	160	165	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,215	530	685	80	40	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	180	140	40	20	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,075	24,575	24,495	4,630	2,125	2,500
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,795	4,930	3,860	745	440	305
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,660	4,050	4,615	1,565	765	800
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,620	15,600	16,020	2,320	920	1,395
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,040	8,920	5,120	450	270	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,675	6,240	4,435	255	105	145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,365	2,685	680	200	160	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,755	3,755	6,005	1,215	395	815
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,325	445	880	95	30	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,495	2,475	4,020	560	225	335
Bachelor's degree	4,670	1,780	2,890	425	170	255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	495	185	310	50	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	85	165	0	0	0
Master's degree	960	340	620	65	30	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	80	30	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,080	39,050	39,025	7,685	3,535	4,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,030	17,845	18,190	4,475	2,175	2,300
Education	4,105	955	3,150	240	65	175
13. Education	4,110	960	3,150	245	70	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,055	355	700	65	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	85	35	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	935	270	660	50	20	25
Humanities	1,450	630	820	75	30	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	20	80	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	740	280	460	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	40	35	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	10	15	0
54. History	105	75	20	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	255	95	160	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,100	530	1,570	245	65	180
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	50	125	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	815	70	750	90	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	280	95	190	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	30	110	10	0	10
42. Psychology	245	45	205	35	20	20
45. Social sciences	420	230	190	70	45	30
Business, management and public administration	8,115	2,230	5,895	560	170	385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	475	85	385	40	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,640	2,140	5,505	515	155	360
Physical and life sciences and technologies	885	475	410	85	50	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	295	125	160	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	50	35	30	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	215	80	135	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	140	40	30	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	80	35	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	730	420	305	65	25	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	375	185	50	25	25
25. Library science	100	0	95	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	30	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,105	10,650	460	725	695	30
04. Architecture and related services	175	115	60	10	0	0
14. Engineering	655	590	70	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,735	1,570	160	120	110	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,740	2,700	45	160	155	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,885	2,815	70	330	320	10
48. Precision production	2,915	2,855	55	90	80	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,350	1,700	645	55	25	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,625	1,080	545	40	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	725	620	100	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,640	925	4,715	905	110	800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	375	195	180	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	5,190	700	4,490	865	95	770
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	25	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,490	2,325	2,165	195	90	105
12. Personal and culinary services	2,810	790	2,020	100	15	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	495	400	85	30	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,175	1,120	55	65	65	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,075	24,575	24,495	4,625	2,125	2,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,455	8,980	8,475	2,310	1,205	1,105
Education	2,475	500	1,975	155	45	115
13. Education	2,475	505	1,970	155	45	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	785	230	550	55	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	65	35	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	685	170	515	45	15	25
Humanities	845	355	495	45	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	15	65	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	170	245	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	25	10	10	0
54. History	70	50	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	160	45	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,670	370	1,305	180	30	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	40	105	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	685	60	625	75	0	80
22. Legal professions and studies	195	45	155	35	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	25	90	0	0	10
42. Psychology	205	35	170	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	330	165	160	30	25	10
Business, management and public administration	6,440	1,595	4,845	415	120	290
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	60	340	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,035	1,535	4,500	385	115	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	585	305	275	60	35	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	95	145	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	35	30	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	15	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	135	100	35	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	60	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	590	335	260	55	20	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	490	320	175	45	20	20
25. Library science	75	0	75	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,510	8,125	390	495	465	30
04. Architecture and related services	140	90	55	10	0	10
14. Engineering	540	475	70	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,365	1,240	125	80	85	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,990	1,960	35	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,180	2,125	55	210	205	10
48. Precision production	2,295	2,240	50	70	60	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,915	1,340	580	45	25	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,350	865	480	40	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	575	475	100	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,200	665	3,540	690	85	610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	140	120	35	15	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,875	505	3,370	660	70	585
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	20	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,590	1,775	1,815	130	50	70
12. Personal and culinary services	2,265	565	1,700	70	10	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	380	320	55	25	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	945	890	50	30	30	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,080	39,055	39,025	7,690	3,535	4,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,030	17,845	18,190	4,475	2,175	2,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,045	21,210	20,835	3,215	1,360	1,850
Location of study inside Canada	41,560	20,925	20,630	3,045	1,305	1,745
Same as province or territory of residence	41,050	20,640	20,410	2,795	1,160	1,635
Different than province or territory of residence	505	285	215	250	145	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	490	280	205	165	55	110
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	50	15	45	20	30
Philippines	25	20	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	200	125	70	0	0	0
Other	185	75	105	55	15	40
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,075	24,575	24,500	4,630	2,125	2,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,455	8,980	8,475	2,305	1,205	1,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,620	15,595	16,020	2,320	920	1,400
Location of study inside Canada	31,215	15,375	15,835	2,180	875	1,300
Same as province or territory of residence	30,920	15,235	15,685	2,040	795	1,250
Different than province or territory of residence	300	145	155	145	85	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	400	220	185	135	40	95
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	35	10	40	20	20
Philippines	25	25	0	30	0	20
India	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	160	95	65	0	0	0
Other	150	55	90	45	15	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	78,080	39,050	39,025	7,685	3,540	4,150
In the labour force	47,190	25,335	21,860	4,485	2,220	2,270
Employed	44,250	23,365	20,885	4,085	1,995	2,085
Unemployed	2,940	1,970	970	405	220	180
Not in the labour force	30,890	13,720	17,165	3,205	1,320	1,885
Participation rate	60.4	64.9	56.0	58.4	62.7	54.7
Employment rate	56.7	59.8	53.5	53.2	56.4	50.2
Unemployment rate	6.2	7.8	4.4	9.0	9.9	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	78,075	39,050	39,025	7,685	3,535	4,155
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,725	12,025	15,700	2,965	1,195	1,770
Worked	50,350	27,025	23,325	4,720	2,340	2,385
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,535	13,950	10,585	2,455	1,355	1,100
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,810	13,070	12,740	2,265	985	1,280
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.6	42.7	42.5	42.9	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	47,190	25,335	21,860	4,485	2,220	2,270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	595	280	315	105	45	60
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	46,600	25,050	21,545	4,385	2,170	2,210
Employee	40,965	21,560	19,405	4,110	2,005	2,110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,630	3,490	2,140	270	170	105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	47,190	25,335	21,855	4,485	2,215	2,270
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	595	280	315	105	50	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	46,600	25,050	21,545	4,380	2,170	2,210
0 Management occupations	4,655	3,120	1,535	335	205	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,975	1,550	4,425	580	190	385
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,945	1,470	480	170	130	40
3 Health occupations	3,485	580	2,900	440	75	365
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,930	1,110	3,820	630	165	460
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	845	320	525	55	20	35
6 Sales and service occupations	10,005	3,830	6,175	1,105	380	720
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,125	7,830	300	825	785	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,820	1,505	310	85	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,815	3,740	1,075	170	150	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	47,190	25,335	21,855	4,485	2,220	2,270
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	595	280	310	105	45	60
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	46,595	25,055	21,545	4,385	2,175	2,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,250	2,410	845	65	40	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	540	440	100	30	20	10
22 Utilities	195	150	50	70	55	20
23 Construction	2,970	2,690	280	365	345	20
31-33 Manufacturing	8,795	6,745	2,050	330	295	25
41 Wholesale trade	1,190	865	320	95	80	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,735	2,625	3,110	515	215	300
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,180	1,715	465	210	155	55
51 Information and cultural industries	320	170	150	80	40	40
52 Finance and insurance	1,070	285	780	125	15	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	300	185	110	60	35	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,585	725	855	135	55	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,115	715	405	160	90	70
61 Educational services	3,065	865	2,200	330	80	250
62 Health care and social assistance	6,330	915	5,420	855	130	725
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	500	270	230	85	40	50
72 Accommodation and food services	3,190	1,035	2,155	330	145	185
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,455	1,270	1,185	140	80	60
91 Public administration	1,810	975	835	395	250	150
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	44,245	23,365	20,885	4,080	1,990	2,085
Worked at home	3,590	1,795	1,795	155	60	95
Worked outside Canada	50	45	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,440	2,725	715	450	325	130
Worked at usual place	37,170	18,800	18,370	3,475	1,615	1,865
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,165	18,795	18,370	3,480	1,610	1,870
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	17,555	8,765	8,790	2,125	845	1,285
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,240	6,080	6,160	295	160	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,285	3,880	3,405	1,045	600	445
Commute to a different province or territory	90	75	15	15	15	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	40,610	21,520	19,090	3,930	1,935	1,995
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,240	18,790	16,450	3,065	1,525	1,535
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,555	800	755	255	95	155
Public transit	220	115	105	95	35	60
Walked	2,870	1,305	1,560	410	190	220
Bicycle	245	195	50	45	40	0
Other method	485	320	165	60	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	40,610	21,520	19,085	3,935	1,940	1,995
Less than 15 minutes	22,345	11,265	11,080	2,065	875	1,195
15 to 29 minutes	11,445	6,090	5,360	560	275	285
30 to 44 minutes	3,855	2,305	1,550	680	415	265
45 to 59 minutes	1,375	770	615	430	245	190
60 minutes and over	1,590	1,100	485	195	125	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	40,610	21,520	19,085	3,935	1,935	1,995
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,465	1,760	705	270	170	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,095	5,820	2,275	895	590	305
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,965	6,970	6,990	1,080	605	475
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,460	2,600	4,865	720	145	570
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,505	850	1,655	370	145	225
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,120	3,520	2,595	595	275	320
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	51,410	27,545	23,865	4,885	2,420	2,470
Single responses	50,715	27,155	23,565	4,880	2,415	2,460
Official languages	50,715	27,155	23,565	4,880	2,415	2,460
English	440	280	160	4,865	2,415	2,450
French	50,275	26,870	23,405	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	690	395	300	10	0	0
English and French	685	390	295	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	51,410	27,545	23,860	4,885	2,425	2,470
None	46,145	24,390	21,760	4,810	2,385	2,425
English	4,820	2,885	1,935	10	0	0
French	320	200	120	35	15	20
Non-official language	65	30	35	35	20	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	60	30	30	25	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	30	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	91,140	45,715	45,425	9,225	4,285	4,940
Non-movers	83,700	42,045	41,655	7,750	3,600	4,155
Movers	7,440	3,665	3,775	1,475	685	790
Non-migrants	3,440	1,715	1,725	825	375	450
Migrants	4,000	1,955	2,045	650	315	340
Internal migrants	3,975	1,930	2,045	625	295	330
Intraprovincial migrants	3,895	1,875	2,015	560	255	305
Interprovincial migrants	80	55	25	60	40	20
External migrants	30	25	0	25	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	87,540	43,835	43,705	8,750	4,070	4,675
Non-movers	65,155	32,750	32,395	5,240	2,470	2,765
Movers	22,385	11,080	11,300	3,510	1,600	1,910
Non-migrants	10,440	5,190	5,255	1,850	865	980
Migrants	11,950	5,895	6,050	1,660	735	925
Internal migrants	11,620	5,725	5,900	1,555	690	865
Intraprovincial migrants	11,410	5,615	5,795	1,390	605	780
Interprovincial migrants	215	110	105	170	85	85
External migrants	320	175	150	105	45	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-Loup [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Selkirk [Population centre], Manitoba