Census Profile, 2016 Census
Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Saint-Herménégilde, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Papineau Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Saint-Herménégilde, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Herménégilde, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,750	...	...	670	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,977	...	...	702	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.6	...	...	-4.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	56,028	...	...	554	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	52,286	...	...	302	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,179.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.91	...	...	166.42	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,750	55,475	55,275	670	355	315
0 to 14 years	17,000	8,760	8,240	95	45	45
0 to 4 years	6,695	3,410	3,280	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	5,825	3,005	2,820	30	20	15
10 to 14 years	4,480	2,345	2,140	35	20	15
15 to 64 years	78,755	40,235	38,525	410	225	190
15 to 19 years	4,715	2,410	2,305	35	20	15
20 to 24 years	8,390	4,185	4,205	35	10	20
25 to 29 years	11,475	5,535	5,940	35	20	10
30 to 34 years	10,995	5,495	5,505	35	20	10
35 to 39 years	9,790	5,085	4,705	35	20	15
40 to 44 years	7,715	4,060	3,655	35	20	20
45 to 49 years	6,855	3,630	3,225	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	6,885	3,720	3,170	55	35	20
55 to 59 years	6,460	3,325	3,135	60	35	25
60 to 64 years	5,480	2,790	2,690	50	30	25
65 years and over	14,995	6,480	8,515	170	80	80
65 to 69 years	4,365	2,085	2,280	65	30	30
70 to 74 years	3,295	1,465	1,825	55	35	20
75 to 79 years	2,805	1,230	1,570	30	15	15
80 to 84 years	2,220	910	1,315	15	5	10
85 years and over	2,315	790	1,525	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,510	565	950	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	655	195	460	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	130	30	100	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	15.8	14.9	14.2	12.7	14.3
15 to 64 years	71.1	72.5	69.7	61.2	63.4	60.3
65 years and over	13.5	11.7	15.4	25.4	22.5	25.4
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.8	1.5	1.4	1.6
Average age of the population	38.8	38.0	39.5	45.6	45.6	45.6
Median age of the population	36.3	36.2	36.4	50.3	50.8	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	52,285	...	...	300	...	...
Single-detached house	1,175	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,290	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	48,800	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	670	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	8,580	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	38,420	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	580	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	52,285	...	...	300	...	...
1 person	22,140	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	15,275	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	6,920	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	5,015	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	2,935	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	109,595	...	...	665	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	93,750	46,715	47,035	575	305	270
Married or living common law	43,455	22,050	21,405	380	185	190
Married	28,770	14,665	14,105	230	115	110
Living common law	14,685	7,385	7,300	150	75	75
Not married and not living common law	50,300	24,665	25,630	200	120	80
Never married	36,035	19,555	16,480	120	80	40
Separated	2,275	1,055	1,220	5	0	0
Divorced	7,400	3,115	4,285	40	25	10
Widowed	4,585	935	3,650	35	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,665	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	13,580	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	6,150	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	4,725	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	2,205	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,665	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	20,780	...	...	185	...	...
Married couples	13,435	...	...	110	...	...
Common-law couples	7,345	...	...	75	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,880	...	...	20	...	...
Female parent	4,775	...	...	10	...	...
Male parent	1,105	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,780	...	...	185	...	...
Couples without children	9,780	...	...	120	...	...
Couples with children	11,000	...	...	65	...	...
1 child	4,585	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	4,335	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	2,085	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,885	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	3,800	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,570	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	515	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	33,320	17,555	15,775	110	70	45
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	52,290	...	...	305	...	...
One-census-family households	25,565	...	...	205	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,405	...	...	120	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,155	...	...	85	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	535	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	26,190	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	22,145	...	...	95	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	4,045	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	110,080	55,210	54,870	670	355	315
English only	11,150	6,175	4,980	15	5	10
French only	33,825	15,680	18,150	410	215	195
English and French	59,760	31,315	28,450	240	135	110
Neither English nor French	5,345	2,050	3,295	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	110,080	55,210	54,870	670	355	315
English	20,050	10,800	9,250	55	20	30
French	74,055	36,455	37,600	615	335	285
English and French	10,750	5,965	4,785	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	5,220	1,995	3,225	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25,430	13,785	11,645	55	25	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	23.1	25.0	21.2	8.2	7.0	9.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	110,080	55,210	54,870	670	355	315
Single responses	104,730	52,455	52,280	670	350	310
Official languages	58,865	29,180	29,685	660	350	310
English	6,825	3,610	3,215	55	25	30
French	52,040	25,570	26,465	610	330	280
Non-official languages	45,865	23,265	22,600	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45,845	23,265	22,585	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,360	4,180	3,180	0	0	0
Berber languages	990	555	435	0	0	0
Kabyle	605	340	255	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	40	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	6,265	3,570	2,700	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	6,230	3,550	2,680	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,380	1,590	1,790	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	520	240	275	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,860	1,345	1,515	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	85	135	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	50	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,475	1,175	1,300	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	105	55	50	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	2,350	1,110	1,245	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,560	795	765	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	1,520	770	755	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	26,940	13,525	13,415	5	0	0
Albanian	160	85	80	0	0	0
Armenian	160	95	65	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,055	465	590	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,055	465	585	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	335	135	195	0	0	0
Russian	315	145	165	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	70	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	210	90	120	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	70	90	5	0	5
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	4,355	2,155	2,200	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	7,955	4,285	3,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	7,525	4,055	3,465	0	0	0
Bengali	1,920	990	930	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Hindi	280	155	130	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,285	1,350	930	0	0	0
Sindhi	50	25	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Urdu	1,875	985	890	0	0	0
Iranian languages	420	220	200	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pashto	270	135	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	65	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	13,040	6,355	6,685	0	0	0
Catalan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	3,555	1,655	1,905	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,235	1,085	1,150	0	0	0
Romanian	315	155	155	0	0	0
Spanish	6,930	3,455	3,475	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	870	475	395	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	135	70	65	0	0	0
Bamanankan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	80	40	35	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	55	25	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	135	70	60	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	285	160	125	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,095	980	1,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,080	975	1,110	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,135	535	595	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	610	270	340	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	190	100	90	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	50	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Lao	95	50	45	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	520	270	255	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	500	255	240	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,350	2,760	2,590	5	5	5
English and French	1,030	515	515	0	0	5
English and non-official language	1,010	570	440	0	0	0
French and non-official language	2,695	1,355	1,345	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	615	320	295	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	110,080	55,215	54,870	670	355	315
Single responses	98,215	49,145	49,070	665	350	315
Official languages	68,695	34,540	34,155	660	345	310
English	10,550	5,585	4,965	55	25	30
French	58,145	28,955	29,195	610	320	285
Non-official languages	29,525	14,610	14,915	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,520	14,610	14,910	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,355	1,835	1,520	0	0	0
Berber languages	385	210	170	0	0	0
Kabyle	240	140	105	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	145	80	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,920	1,595	1,325	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,900	1,585	1,310	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,780	1,295	1,480	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	355	165	195	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,425	1,135	1,295	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,065	465	605	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	20	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,025	445	580	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,355	680	675	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	1,335	665	670	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	18,440	9,105	9,340	0	0	0
Albanian	105	50	50	0	0	0
Armenian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	545	260	285	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	540	260	285	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	165	75	85	0	0	0
Russian	170	85	85	0	0	0
Serbian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	10	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	3,305	1,595	1,710	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,485	3,415	3,075	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	6,185	3,265	2,920	0	0	0
Bengali	1,560	785	780	0	0	0
Gujarati	760	360	395	0	0	0
Hindi	205	105	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,900	1,105	795	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,650	855	795	0	0	0
Iranian languages	285	140	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	215	100	115	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,855	3,715	4,145	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	1,950	830	1,120	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,240	580	655	0	0	0
Romanian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Spanish	4,500	2,220	2,280	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	140	120	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	100	55	45	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	40	20	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	20	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,610	765	845	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,600	760	840	0	0	0
Cantonese	925	440	485	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	465	220	240	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	115	60	60	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	30	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	390	200	190	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	385	195	190	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	11,865	6,065	5,800	5	5	5
English and French	1,535	825	705	5	5	0
English and non-official language	2,155	1,150	1,010	0	0	0
French and non-official language	6,260	3,085	3,180	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,910	1,005	905	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	110,080	55,210	54,870	670	355	315
None	78,975	39,040	39,935	620	330	295
English	8,510	4,520	3,985	40	20	20
French	8,735	4,410	4,330	10	5	0
Non-official language	11,015	5,725	5,290	0	0	5
Aboriginal	10	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,000	5,720	5,285	0	0	0
English and French	1,280	705	570	0	0	0
English and non-official language	940	485	455	0	0	0
French and non-official language	575	295	275	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	30	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	92,605	46,220	46,385	575	305	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,285	44,655	44,630	555	300	255
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,197	25,235	23,267	26,176	30,464	23,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,290	44,655	44,635	555	295	260
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,134	23,828	22,448	24,704	28,032	21,888
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,610	37,600	36,015	500	275	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,608	25,700	21,436	21,536	24,384	15,648
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,825	37,080	38,735	470	255	215
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,079	2,797	6,785	8,720	7,056	10,272
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,410	32,890	29,520	380	225	160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,189	26,538	23,795	21,952	24,160	20,672
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	92,615	46,170	46,440	545	285	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,280	44,595	44,685	520	280	240
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,337	33,617	31,061	30,473	31,728	28,985
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,290	44,595	44,690	520	285	240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,805	28,528	27,083	26,860	28,009	25,498
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,725	37,740	35,990	475	260	215
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,638	33,855	29,313	24,797	26,505	22,753
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,710	36,915	38,795	445	250	190
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,324	6,001	8,582	9,033	8,149	10,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,420	32,950	29,465	350	200	145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,693	34,211	30,996	24,846	24,017	25,985
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	92,615	46,170	46,440	540	285	255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,500	13,725	10,775	140	80	60
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,431	41,610	41,221	32,249	33,226	29,975
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,019	48,742	47,099	32,135	31,437	33,098
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.6	85.1	75.8	74.2	78.7	69.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.9	75.3	66.1	55.9	59.9	53.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.4	14.9	24.2	25.5	20.7	31.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	92,605	46,225	46,385	570	300	270
Without total income	3,320	1,570	1,760	20	5	10
With total income	89,285	44,655	44,630	550	300	255
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.6	96.2	96.5	100.0	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,665	7,760	6,905	65	25	35
$10,000 to $19,999	22,175	10,130	12,045	130	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	16,025	7,720	8,310	120	70	50
$30,000 to $39,999	11,240	5,790	5,450	105	65	40
$40,000 to $49,999	8,360	4,185	4,175	65	30	35
$50,000 to $59,999	5,575	2,720	2,850	30	25	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,670	1,950	1,715	20	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	1,415	1,215	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,710	970	735	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	985	570	415	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,250	1,440	810	10	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,715	1,100	610	5	5	0
$150,000 and over	535	340	200	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	92,605	46,225	46,385	570	305	270
Without after-tax income	3,315	1,565	1,750	20	5	15
With after-tax income	89,295	44,660	44,630	555	300	260
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.6	96.2	97.4	98.4	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,830	7,810	7,015	65	30	35
$10,000 to $19,999	22,995	10,595	12,400	135	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	18,860	9,295	9,560	135	85	50
$30,000 to $39,999	13,335	6,825	6,510	125	70	60
$40,000 to $49,999	8,575	4,230	4,345	50	35	15
$50,000 to $59,999	4,780	2,470	2,315	20	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,755	1,495	1,265	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	795	555	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	1,805	1,140	665	5	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	700	445	255	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	400	260	135	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	705	435	270	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	92,605	46,225	46,385	570	305	265
Without employment income	30,195	13,330	16,860	185	80	110
With employment income	62,410	32,890	29,525	385	225	160
Percentage with employment income	67.4	71.2	63.7	67.5	73.8	60.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,885	4,010	3,870	85	45	40
$5,000 to $9,999	6,195	2,995	3,200	25	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	11,670	5,965	5,700	60	40	25
$20,000 to $29,999	9,775	5,105	4,665	65	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	7,775	4,240	3,535	70	40	25
$40,000 to $49,999	5,810	3,020	2,785	30	20	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,205	2,215	1,990	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,975	1,640	1,330	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	1,240	995	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	3,905	2,455	1,450	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,340	800	540	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	800	505	300	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,760	1,155	610	5	5	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	52,285	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,451	...	...	46,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	39,617	...	...	43,904	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	22,140	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,274	...	...	25,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,999	...	...	24,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,145	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,281	...	...	59,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	53,727	...	...	54,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,212	...	...	56,324	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,478	...	...	49,647	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	22,165	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,100	...	...	26,421	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,345	...	...	24,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,125	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,485	...	...	67,648	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,559	...	...	59,073	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	52,285	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	1,235	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,795	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,925	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,315	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,750	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,375	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,375	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,260	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,050	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,815	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,055	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,770	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,975	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,295	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,770	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,530	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,905	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,600	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,335	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	700	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	52,285	...	...	305	...	...
Under $5,000	1,290	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,805	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,940	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,510	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,185	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,905	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,000	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,760	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,495	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,235	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,310	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,770	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,695	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,035	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,475	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,870	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,190	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	935	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	750	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,930	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,954	...	...	58,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,239	...	...	53,888	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,255	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,101	...	...	46,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	50,806	...	...	44,992	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,015	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	71,741	...	...	77,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	65,380	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,600	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,165	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,553	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,905	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,862	...	...	68,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,491	...	...	59,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,225	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,813	...	...	67,370	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,431	...	...	57,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,995	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,046	...	...	77,440	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,716	...	...	70,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,625	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,038	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,392	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	30,495	16,220	14,270	100	65	35
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,160	22,434	23,831	25,344	28,992	23,968
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,245	21,557	23,019	24,320	25,280	23,829
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	30,510	16,115	14,395	85	50	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,375	29,729	31,098	25,993	26,664	24,958
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,266	25,586	27,027	24,471	24,472	24,468
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	109,595	54,980	54,615	665	350	315
In the bottom half of the distribution	82,570	41,350	41,220	510	270	245
In the bottom decile	21,140	11,180	9,955	45	30	15
In the second decile	20,125	9,690	10,430	130	65	65
In the third decile	17,720	8,805	8,915	145	70	70
In the fourth decile	13,205	6,620	6,585	125	65	55
In the fifth decile	10,385	5,055	5,330	70	30	40
In the top half of the distribution	27,025	13,630	13,400	155	85	70
In the sixth decile	8,390	4,175	4,210	50	35	20
In the seventh decile	6,550	3,305	3,245	45	25	20
In the eighth decile	5,475	2,750	2,730	35	15	15
In the ninth decile	4,205	2,160	2,040	20	10	5
In the top decile	2,405	1,230	1,170	10	5	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	109,600	54,980	54,615	665	350	315
0 to 17 years	19,630	10,090	9,540	120	60	60
0 to 5 years	7,925	4,050	3,875	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	75,830	38,700	37,130	375	205	170
65 years and over	14,140	6,190	7,950	165	85	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30,290	15,300	14,990	100	60	45
0 to 17 years	5,660	2,915	2,740	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	2,090	1,055	1,030	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	19,935	10,475	9,455	50	35	20
65 years and over	4,695	1,905	2,790	35	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.6	27.8	27.4	15.0	17.1	14.3
0 to 17 years (%)	28.8	28.9	28.7	12.5	8.3	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	26.4	26.0	26.6	14.3	0.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	26.3	27.1	25.5	13.3	17.1	11.8
65 years and over (%)	33.2	30.8	35.1	21.2	23.5	23.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	25,345	13,180	12,165	15	10	0
0 to 17 years	4,135	2,130	2,000	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,510	735	775	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	18,030	9,785	8,250	10	10	0
65 years and over	3,180	1,260	1,915	0	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	23.1	24.0	22.3	2.3	2.9	0.0
0 to 17 years (%)	21.1	21.1	21.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.1	18.1	20.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	23.8	25.3	22.2	2.7	4.9	0.0
65 years and over (%)	22.5	20.4	24.1	0.0	5.9	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	109,600	54,975	54,620	605	315	290
Official languages	104,285	53,040	51,245	605	310	290
English	70,780	37,415	33,365	200	105	95
French	93,100	47,055	46,045	595	310	285
Non-official languages	62,290	31,215	31,075	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	62,265	31,200	31,065	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10,300	5,700	4,605	0	0	0
Berber languages	1,360	770	590	0	0	0
Kabyle	820	470	350	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	550	315	235	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	150	85	65	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	145	80	60	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	9,560	5,290	4,270	0	0	0
Amharic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Arabic	9,460	5,205	4,255	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	90	70	20	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,105	2,015	2,085	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	680	345	330	0	0	0
Vietnamese	3,460	1,700	1,755	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	295	110	190	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	55	30	20	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	220	70	150	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	4,310	2,080	2,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	205	105	95	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	4,065	1,950	2,115	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,860	965	890	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	940	875	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	37,300	18,285	19,015	10	0	10
Albanian	220	100	120	0	0	0
Armenian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,365	565	795	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,355	565	795	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	440	195	245	0	0	0
Russian	675	280	395	0	0	0
Serbian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	200	90	105	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	990	495	490	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	25	0	0	0
Dutch	50	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	880	450	425	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5,120	2,525	2,595	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	9,200	4,955	4,240	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	8,825	4,780	4,045	0	0	0
Bengali	2,365	1,230	1,135	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,355	655	700	0	0	0
Hindi	1,835	1,040	795	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,230	1,935	1,300	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	170	85	80	0	0	0
Urdu	2,320	1,250	1,070	0	0	0
Iranian languages	505	255	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	315	170	140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	21,000	9,895	11,105	10	0	10
Catalan	40	30	10	0	0	0
Italian	5,140	2,370	2,770	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,110	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Romanian	405	190	215	0	0	0
Spanish	13,530	6,385	7,145	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	185	90	100	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	120	50	70	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,700	975	730	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	235	130	105	0	0	0
Bamanankan	100	55	50	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	85	55	30	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	55	20	0	0	0
Ga	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	200	115	90	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	40	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	140	90	50	0	0	0
Wolof	290	180	110	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	605	335	265	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	195	70	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	165	55	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,665	1,250	1,415	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,665	1,250	1,410	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,465	695	765	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	960	430	530	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	285	115	170	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	225	95	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	145	95	50	0	0	0
Lao	125	85	45	0	0	0
Thai	50	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	655	310	345	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	630	305	330	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	170	105	65	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	165	100	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	90	55	35	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	109,600	54,980	54,620	600	315	290
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	92,970	46,445	46,525	595	305	290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,945	9,285	8,665	90	35	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	75,025	37,165	37,860	505	270	230
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	16,630	8,535	8,095	10	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	109,600	54,980	54,620	600	315	290
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	62,495	31,135	31,360	575	310	270
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	42,970	21,540	21,430	25	0	20
Before 1981	9,330	4,475	4,860	15	0	10
1981 to 1990	5,590	2,825	2,765	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	7,825	3,915	3,915	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	11,730	5,925	5,805	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	4,565	2,325	2,245	0	0	10
2006 to 2010	7,160	3,600	3,555	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	8,490	4,400	4,090	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	4,135	2,305	1,835	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	42,970	21,540	21,430	30	0	25
Under 5 years	3,180	1,565	1,615	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	5,405	2,935	2,470	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	9,825	4,305	5,520	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	21,475	11,370	10,105	0	0	0
45 years and over	3,085	1,370	1,720	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	42,970	21,540	21,425	30	10	20
Americas	9,430	4,550	4,880	15	0	10
Brazil	205	95	110	0	0	0
Colombia	655	285	370	0	0	0
El Salvador	790	415	375	0	0	0
Guyana	115	40	80	0	0	0
Haiti	3,125	1,495	1,630	0	0	0
Jamaica	75	20	55	0	0	0
Mexico	790	405	385	0	0	0
Peru	765	350	425	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	130	50	85	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	300	175	130	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	2,465	1,220	1,240	0	0	0
Europe	11,250	5,225	6,025	10	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	15	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	0	0	0	0
France	2,465	1,195	1,270	10	0	10
Germany	105	35	70	0	0	0
Greece	2,970	1,370	1,600	0	0	0
Hungary	65	40	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	2,305	1,060	1,250	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	265	105	160	0	0	0
Portugal	1,450	690	760	0	0	0
Romania	300	140	160	0	0	0
Russian Federation	155	55	95	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	165	60	95	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	135	55	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	810	375	435	0	0	0
Africa	9,565	5,320	4,245	0	0	0
Algeria	3,335	1,870	1,470	0	0	0
Egypt	480	290	190	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	2,345	1,290	1,055	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	20	0	0	0
Somalia	80	50	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	3,240	1,790	1,450	0	0	0
Asia	12,685	6,430	6,255	0	0	0
Afghanistan	80	50	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	1,520	780	740	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	925	380	545	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	80	45	35	0	0	0
India	2,365	1,295	1,065	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Iraq	50	30	20	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	345	185	165	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,445	790	655	0	0	0
Philippines	220	65	150	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,210	640	570	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	60	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	20	45	0	0	0
Viet Nam	2,590	1,220	1,365	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,520	805	720	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,485	4,400	4,095	0	0	0
Americas	1,625	855	770	0	0	0
Brazil	75	35	35	0	0	0
Colombia	150	80	70	0	0	0
Cuba	75	35	35	0	0	0
Haiti	630	315	315	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	230	130	100	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	345	180	165	0	0	0
Europe	1,320	670	645	0	0	0
France	900	475	420	0	0	0
Germany	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	55	15	40	0	0	0
Romania	0	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	245	125	115	0	0	0
Africa	3,615	1,960	1,660	0	0	0
Algeria	1,095	575	525	0	0	0
Cameroon	165	80	90	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	30	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	190	120	70	0	0	0
Egypt	260	140	120	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	840	435	405	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	30	20	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	370	195	170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	580	345	235	0	0	0
Asia	1,920	910	1,005	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	260	135	125	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	520	270	250	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iraq	30	10	15	0	0	0
Israel	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	20	10	0	0	0
Nepal	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	305	150	155	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	190	85	100	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	110	45	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	140	65	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	109,600	54,980	54,620	605	310	290
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	47,735	24,125	23,610	30	0	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,000	11,925	11,070	55	15	40
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	38,870	18,930	19,940	520	290	230
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	34,290	17,430	16,860	10	0	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	14,595	8,145	6,455	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	8,240	5,390	2,850	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	6,360	2,755	3,605	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	11,725	4,760	6,965	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	7,390	4,190	3,205	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	580	335	245	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	109,600	54,975	54,620	605	310	295
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	585	280	300	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	565	275	295	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	300	150	150	0	0	0
Métis	240	120	125	0	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	109,015	54,695	54,315	600	305	290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	109,600	54,980	54,620	605	310	295
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	170	100	70	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	109,430	54,880	54,550	600	310	290
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	109,600	54,980	54,620	605	315	295
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	310	170	140	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	300	165	135	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	265	145	125	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	25	15	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,435	1,090	1,345	45	20	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,385	1,065	1,320	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,105	925	1,180	30	15	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	130	125	15	10	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	106,860	53,720	53,140	550	285	265
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	109,600	54,975	54,620	605	315	290
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	44,455	22,940	21,510	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10,980	5,815	5,160	0	0	0
Chinese	2,390	1,060	1,335	0	0	0
Black	9,325	4,815	4,505	0	0	0
Filipino	315	105	210	0	0	0
Latin American	6,780	3,430	3,350	0	0	0
Arab	8,315	4,560	3,755	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	4,300	2,120	2,175	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	470	260	215	0	0	0
Korean	150	60	95	0	0	0
Japanese	135	50	85	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	465	220	245	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	815	435	385	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	65,150	32,035	33,115	600	310	290
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	109,600	54,980	54,620	605	310	290
North American Aboriginal origins	2,740	1,260	1,485	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,425	1,100	1,325	40	25	20
Inuit	45	15	30	0	0	0
Métis	330	180	150	15	10	15
Other North American origins	31,375	15,210	16,170	450	225	225
Acadian	375	165	210	0	0	0
American	485	215	270	0	0	0
Canadian	28,610	13,740	14,875	455	220	225
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,580	1,390	1,190	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	45,305	22,335	22,970	235	105	130
British Isles origins	8,075	3,900	4,170	75	40	35
Channel Islander	40	25	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	2,460	1,170	1,290	40	20	20
Irish	4,750	2,235	2,525	45	25	20
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,330	1,120	1,210	35	20	15
Welsh	125	75	50	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	285	125	160	0	0	0
French origins	22,150	11,070	11,080	175	75	100
Alsatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	165	95	70	0	0	0
Corsican	50	25	30	0	0	0
French	22,025	10,995	11,030	180	80	100
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,455	1,620	1,835	30	15	15
Austrian	200	95	105	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	895	435	460	10	10	0
Dutch	315	145	170	0	0	0
Flemish	45	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,835	850	985	15	10	10
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	410	205	215	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	295	170	125	10	0	0
Danish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Finnish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	75	60	20	0	0	10
Swedish	95	60	35	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,430	1,575	1,860	0	0	0
Bulgarian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	120	55	65	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	220	215	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	90	30	55	0	0	0
Polish	1,225	520	710	0	0	0
Romanian	475	250	225	0	0	0
Russian	705	295	415	0	0	0
Slovak	55	20	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	655	300	355	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	18,220	8,865	9,355	0	0	0
Albanian	240	115	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5,490	2,730	2,765	0	0	0
Italian	7,515	3,575	3,940	0	0	0
Kosovar	25	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,145	1,585	1,565	0	0	0
Serbian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	2,455	1,235	1,220	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	400	240	160	0	0	0
Basque	35	20	20	0	0	0
Jewish	255	155	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	85	60	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	6,610	3,255	3,355	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuban	335	155	185	0	0	0
Dominican	835	440	395	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian	4,885	2,435	2,455	0	0	0
Jamaican	200	105	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	40	10	35	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	45	55	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	65	30	35	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	150	60	90	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	130	75	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	7,285	3,625	3,665	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	305	145	165	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	95	35	65	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	100	60	45	0	0	0
Brazilian	305	145	160	0	0	0
Chilean	570	310	255	0	0	0
Colombian	880	410	470	0	0	0
Costa Rican	50	30	25	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	740	395	340	0	0	0
Guyanese	140	50	90	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	15	30	0	0	0
Honduran	245	105	145	0	0	0
Maya	70	40	40	0	0	0
Mexican	1,190	630	555	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	150	55	95	0	0	0
Panamanian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	985	475	510	0	0	0
Salvadorean	1,375	705	675	0	0	0
Uruguayan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Venezuelan	180	85	95	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	325	165	160	0	0	0
African origins	13,590	7,485	6,110	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	2,520	1,410	1,110	0	0	0
Akan	60	35	25	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	30	25	0	0	0	0
Beninese	145	75	70	0	0	0
Burkinabe	185	105	80	0	0	0
Cameroonian	465	210	260	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	305	165	135	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	265	145	115	0	0	0
Guinean	80	60	15	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	160	100	60	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Malinké	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nigerian	120	55	65	0	0	0
Peulh	45	20	25	0	0	0
Senegalese	330	210	120	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	160	95	65	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	185	115	70	0	0	0
North African origins	9,195	5,080	4,110	0	0	0
Algerian	3,240	1,805	1,430	0	0	0
Berber	1,585	865	715	0	0	0
Coptic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	635	365	270	0	0	0
Libyan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	2,885	1,580	1,310	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	1,005	565	435	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	185	120	65	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	655	355	295	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Burundian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Djiboutian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	60	50	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	110	45	70	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	60	25	40	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somali	135	75	65	0	0	0
South African	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	80	20	60	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,300	690	610	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,250	660	590	0	0	0
Asian origins	23,545	11,990	11,565	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,750	2,530	2,215	0	0	0
Afghan	205	100	105	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	2,010	1,115	900	0	0	0
Armenian	255	135	120	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	180	100	85	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	40	20	0	0	0
Israeli	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurd	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	880	455	425	0	0	0
Palestinian	110	60	55	0	0	0
Pashtun	65	35	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	240	110	130	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	710	340	365	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	20	0	0	0
Yemeni	75	45	25	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10,795	5,700	5,095	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	1,335	705	635	0	0	0
Bengali	810	410	405	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,520	2,440	2,085	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	65	45	25	0	0	0
Nepali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	2,020	1,025	990	0	0	0
Punjabi	490	310	180	0	0	0
Sinhalese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	1,570	805	770	0	0	0
Tamil	280	140	140	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	205	105	100	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,895	3,670	4,225	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	915	460	460	0	0	0
Chinese	3,500	1,595	1,905	0	0	0
Filipino	345	125	215	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	175	65	110	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	155	65	90	0	0	0
Laotian	220	115	100	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Thai	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	3,495	1,730	1,770	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	345	200	145	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	340	200	145	0	0	0
Oceania origins	85	40	50	0	0	0
Australian	45	30	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	35	15	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
Owner	14,555	...	...	260	...	...
Renter	37,735	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	52,290	...	...	285	...	...
Condominium	6,790	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	45,500	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
No bedrooms	825	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	19,540	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	19,245	...	...	45	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,295	...	...	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,385	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	52,285	...	...	280	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	32,760	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	10,710	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	4,135	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	2,170	...	...	55	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,510	...	...	90	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.3	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
One person or fewer per room	50,195	...	...	280	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
Suitable	46,555	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	5,735	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
1960 or before	27,660	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,255	...	...	50	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,105	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,145	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	940	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,440	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,740	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	52,290	...	...	285	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	47,610	...	...	265	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,685	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,355	...	...	170	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,285	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,650	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	52,290	...	...	280	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,740	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	11,550	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,705	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,935	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,085	...	...	55	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,355	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,440	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	1,480	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	52,235	...	...	260	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,445	...	...	230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,795	...	...	35	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,615	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,555	...	...	245	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.5	...	...	50.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.7	...	...	10.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,139	...	...	652	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,269	...	...	656	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,866	...	...	150,441	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	409,749	...	...	173,464	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,735	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	712	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	749	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	92,610	46,175	46,440	540	285	255
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,140	9,980	11,160	180	100	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,030	9,560	8,470	120	60	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,445	26,635	26,810	240	125	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,955	5,215	3,740	125	80	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,455	3,540	2,915	90	50	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,505	1,680	825	40	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,850	7,010	6,840	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,690	1,640	2,045	10	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	26,945	12,760	14,185	35	10	25
Bachelor's degree	15,845	7,555	8,290	20	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,335	1,075	1,255	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	180	255	0	0	0
Master's degree	7,130	3,255	3,870	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,205	690	515	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	65,355	33,605	31,750	320	170	150
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,445	5,370	5,070	80	50	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,735	5,980	4,755	50	30	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,175	22,250	21,925	185	90	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,985	4,055	2,935	100	65	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,110	2,815	2,295	80	45	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,870	1,240	635	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,210	5,425	4,785	55	15	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,940	1,330	1,610	15	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,040	11,445	12,595	20	10	20
Bachelor's degree	13,680	6,610	7,070	15	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,115	960	1,155	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	390	160	235	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,745	3,100	3,650	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,110	615	495	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	92,610	46,170	46,445	540	290	255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,170	19,540	19,630	300	160	135
Education	2,805	690	2,115	20	0	15
13. Education	2,805	690	2,115	25	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,010	2,435	2,570	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	650	470	180	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	4,360	1,965	2,395	0	0	0
Humanities	4,875	2,155	2,725	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	810	235	570	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	390	135	255	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,810	840	970	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	370	245	130	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	85	55	0	0	0
54. History	480	275	200	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	870	340	525	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,870	2,850	5,020	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	135	35	100	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,595	505	1,090	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	910	125	785	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,195	485	710	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	220	55	165	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,090	320	765	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,735	1,335	1,400	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	10,340	4,665	5,680	45	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	725	175	550	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,600	4,475	5,120	45	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,835	1,540	1,300	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,115	470	645	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	275	175	100	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	405	190	215	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	950	645	305	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	55	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,820	2,085	735	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,180	1,750	425	0	0	0
25. Library science	270	75	195	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	340	235	105	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	25	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,365	7,155	1,210	55	55	0
04. Architecture and related services	745	355	390	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,040	2,515	530	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,245	1,110	135	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,325	1,280	40	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,270	1,205	60	10	10	0
48. Precision production	740	690	50	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	275	265	25	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	370	185	180	30	25	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	90	90	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,460	1,340	4,130	45	10	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	415	210	200	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,940	1,090	3,855	45	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	40	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,500	1,445	1,055	30	25	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,605	660	940	20	15	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	455	375	80	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	390	35	10	10	0
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	65,355	33,605	31,750	320	170	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,180	11,355	9,825	130	80	50
Education	2,340	580	1,755	15	0	15
13. Education	2,340	585	1,755	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,335	2,160	2,175	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	525	380	140	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,810	1,775	2,035	0	0	0
Humanities	3,755	1,705	2,045	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	690	225	465	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	340	130	220	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,235	625	615	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	300	195	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	40	35	0	0	0
54. History	415	240	170	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	680	260	425	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,685	2,495	4,200	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	125	30	95	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,375	460	910	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	710	75	630	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,085	450	635	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	50	125	0	0	0
42. Psychology	910	285	625	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,310	1,145	1,170	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,700	3,945	4,760	40	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	650	155	490	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,040	3,775	4,265	40	10	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,090	1,150	940	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	980	415	565	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	110	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	90	50	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	785	520	265	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	55	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,475	1,840	635	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,940	1,555	380	0	0	0
25. Library science	230	65	165	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	285	200	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,905	5,860	1,045	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	710	350	360	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,675	2,200	470	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	975	880	95	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	980	955	25	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,000	950	50	15	10	0
48. Precision production	565	530	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	475	235	235	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	290	145	150	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	90	90	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,405	1,115	3,295	35	10	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	190	165	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,960	890	3,065	40	10	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	30	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,995	1,170	825	30	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,285	530	755	20	20	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	350	300	50	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	345	325	20	10	0	0
Other	15	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	92,610	46,170	46,440	545	285	255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,170	19,540	19,625	295	165	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	53,445	26,635	26,815	240	125	120
Location of study inside Canada	41,420	20,055	21,365	235	130	110
Same as province or territory of residence	40,150	19,430	20,720	235	125	110
Different than province or territory of residence	1,270	625	650	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,025	6,575	5,450	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	305	190	120	0	0	0
Philippines	120	40	80	0	0	0
India	625	420	210	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	200	90	110	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	215	85	130	0	0	0
France	2,845	1,490	1,355	0	0	10
Other	7,710	4,265	3,445	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	65,355	33,605	31,750	320	165	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,185	11,350	9,830	130	80	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,175	22,250	21,920	185	85	100
Location of study inside Canada	33,790	16,680	17,105	185	85	100
Same as province or territory of residence	32,710	16,115	16,590	185	85	95
Different than province or territory of residence	1,080	560	515	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10,380	5,575	4,810	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	240	145	100	0	0	0
Philippines	115	35	80	0	0	0
India	420	245	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	175	85	90	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	190	75	115	0	0	0
France	2,515	1,285	1,225	0	0	0
Other	6,730	3,705	3,030	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	92,610	46,170	46,445	540	285	255
In the labour force	60,340	32,110	28,230	315	185	125
Employed	54,295	28,645	25,645	300	180	120
Unemployed	6,050	3,465	2,580	10	0	0
Not in the labour force	32,270	14,060	18,210	225	100	130
Participation rate	65.2	69.5	60.8	58.3	64.9	49.0
Employment rate	58.6	62.0	55.2	55.6	63.2	47.1
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.8	9.1	3.2	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	92,610	46,170	46,440	540	285	255
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,305	14,165	18,140	215	90	125
Worked	60,305	32,005	28,300	325	200	125
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,145	14,140	11,005	145	80	60
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	35,160	17,870	17,290	185	110	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.9	40.3	39.1	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,340	32,110	28,230	315	190	125
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,605	1,365	1,240	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	57,740	30,745	26,990	305	180	125
Employee	51,530	26,985	24,545	250	135	115
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,205	3,755	2,450	60	45	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,340	32,110	28,230	315	185	125
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,605	1,365	1,245	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	57,735	30,745	26,990	310	180	125
0 Management occupations	4,340	2,590	1,755	30	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,855	3,445	5,410	25	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,540	3,560	980	15	10	10
3 Health occupations	3,385	815	2,575	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,990	2,640	5,355	20	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,135	2,190	1,945	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,140	8,745	7,400	40	0	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,505	4,310	200	95	80	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	255	185	70	30	35	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,580	2,270	1,305	35	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,345	32,110	28,235	310	185	130
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,605	1,365	1,245	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	57,735	30,745	26,995	305	180	130
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	140	90	50	35	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	25	20	0	0	0
22 Utilities	235	135	95	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,550	1,385	165	40	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,660	3,805	1,860	60	45	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,030	1,380	645	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,470	3,285	3,180	15	0	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,190	1,780	410	25	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,860	1,750	1,105	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,105	1,065	1,040	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	815	495	315	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,390	3,125	2,270	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	10	40	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,435	2,040	1,395	15	10	10
61 Educational services	5,550	2,130	3,420	10	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	6,520	1,505	5,010	30	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,915	985	925	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,580	3,310	2,265	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,020	1,300	1,725	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,095	1,085	1,010	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	54,295	28,650	25,645	300	180	120
Worked at home	3,385	1,780	1,605	45	20	25
Worked outside Canada	175	110	60	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,645	3,200	1,440	55	50	0
Worked at usual place	46,090	23,560	22,535	200	105	90
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,095	23,555	22,535	200	105	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	38,330	18,935	19,395	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,595	1,530	1,065	150	75	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,015	2,970	2,045	40	25	15
Commute to a different province or territory	150	115	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50,735	26,760	23,980	255	155	100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,630	12,220	6,410	230	130	95
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,270	475	790	15	15	0
Public transit	23,585	10,465	13,120	10	0	0
Walked	3,930	1,680	2,240	0	0	0
Bicycle	2,825	1,610	1,215	0	0	0
Other method	500	300	200	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50,735	26,760	23,980	255	155	100
Less than 15 minutes	5,760	3,000	2,765	40	30	10
15 to 29 minutes	16,275	8,915	7,355	135	75	60
30 to 44 minutes	17,780	9,455	8,330	35	20	15
45 to 59 minutes	6,655	3,190	3,460	25	15	10
60 minutes and over	4,255	2,190	2,065	20	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50,735	26,760	23,975	255	155	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,510	1,810	700	20	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,665	3,965	2,700	90	65	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,020	6,165	6,860	80	40	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,595	5,680	6,915	30	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,655	3,925	3,730	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,280	5,210	3,075	35	20	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	62,850	33,280	29,570	340	205	135
Single responses	53,950	28,340	25,615	330	200	130
Official languages	52,745	27,680	25,065	335	205	130
English	10,935	6,435	4,500	15	10	10
French	41,805	21,240	20,565	320	200	115
Non-official languages	1,210	655	555	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,205	655	550	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	35	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	310	160	145	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	270	135	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	570	340	230	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	185	120	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	185	125	65	0	0	0
Bengali	35	30	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	60	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	145	105	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	190	120	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	205	85	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	200	90	115	0	0	0
Cantonese	110	45	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	20	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	8,900	4,945	3,950	10	0	10
English and French	7,445	4,125	3,320	0	0	0
English and non-official language	455	305	155	0	0	0
French and non-official language	460	235	220	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	540	280	255	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	62,850	33,280	29,570	340	205	135
None	35,790	18,540	17,250	280	175	105
English	18,685	10,070	8,615	55	25	20
French	5,500	3,005	2,490	10	0	10
Non-official language	1,965	1,125	835	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,965	1,130	835	0	0	0
English and French	75	50	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	615	335	275	0	0	0
French and non-official language	220	150	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	108,190	54,240	53,950	605	310	290
Non-movers	90,795	45,310	45,485	550	275	270
Movers	17,395	8,930	8,470	55	35	20
Non-migrants	12,755	6,515	6,245	10	0	0
Migrants	4,635	2,415	2,225	45	30	20
Internal migrants	2,490	1,315	1,180	45	30	20
Intraprovincial migrants	2,110	1,120	990	50	30	20
Interprovincial migrants	385	195	190	0	0	0
External migrants	2,140	1,100	1,045	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	102,975	51,635	51,345	600	310	290
Non-movers	54,230	26,775	27,455	495	260	235
Movers	48,745	24,860	23,890	105	50	50
Non-migrants	31,690	16,190	15,500	40	20	25
Migrants	17,055	8,665	8,395	65	30	30
Internal migrants	7,645	3,785	3,860	65	30	30
Intraprovincial migrants	6,760	3,285	3,475	60	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	885	495	385	0	0	0
External migrants	9,410	4,880	4,530	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Saint-Herménégilde, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Saint-Herménégilde, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Saint-Herménégilde, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Saint-Herménégilde, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec