Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Waterloo, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Richmond--Arthabaska Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Waterloo, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Waterloo, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	107,242	...	...	4,410	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,897	...	...	4,330	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	50,441	...	...	2,124	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	46,758	...	...	1,973	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31.2	...	...	360.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,433.01	...	...	12.24	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	107,245	53,480	53,760	4,410	2,125	2,285
0 to 14 years	17,875	9,255	8,615	805	395	410
0 to 4 years	5,850	2,990	2,855	255	130	130
5 to 9 years	6,405	3,350	3,060	280	145	140
10 to 14 years	5,615	2,915	2,705	270	125	140
15 to 64 years	66,375	33,590	32,790	2,675	1,315	1,360
15 to 19 years	5,520	2,815	2,700	235	130	105
20 to 24 years	5,465	2,850	2,610	205	100	105
25 to 29 years	5,190	2,640	2,550	235	125	110
30 to 34 years	6,145	3,115	3,030	225	100	125
35 to 39 years	6,710	3,495	3,210	290	150	135
40 to 44 years	5,985	3,020	2,975	200	110	90
45 to 49 years	6,070	3,025	3,045	230	120	115
50 to 54 years	7,905	3,940	3,965	365	170	195
55 to 59 years	8,760	4,340	4,420	365	170	200
60 to 64 years	8,630	4,335	4,295	320	150	175
65 years and over	22,990	10,635	12,360	930	415	515
65 to 69 years	7,715	3,900	3,815	270	135	135
70 to 74 years	5,680	2,775	2,905	225	95	125
75 to 79 years	3,790	1,795	2,000	185	85	105
80 to 84 years	2,815	1,180	1,640	120	55	65
85 years and over	2,990	990	2,000	125	40	85
85 to 89 years	1,880	705	1,170	70	30	45
90 to 94 years	875	235	635	45	15	30
95 to 99 years	215	45	170	15	0	10
100 years and over	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.3	16.0	18.3	18.6	17.9
15 to 64 years	61.9	62.8	61.0	60.7	61.9	59.5
65 years and over	21.4	19.9	23.0	21.1	19.5	22.5
85 years and over	2.8	1.9	3.7	2.8	1.9	3.7
Average age of the population	43.6	42.5	44.6	43.0	41.8	44.2
Median age of the population	45.7	44.2	47.1	45.2	42.6	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Single-detached house	29,790	...	...	850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	16,675	...	...	1,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,770	...	...	205	...	...
Row house	385	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,050	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,315	...	...	575	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	290	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	46,755	...	...	1,975	...	...
1 person	15,400	...	...	750	...	...
2 persons	17,810	...	...	655	...	...
3 persons	5,620	...	...	250	...	...
4 persons	5,205	...	...	195	...	...
5 or more persons	2,725	...	...	120	...	...
Number of persons in private households	103,615	...	...	4,245	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	89,365	44,225	45,145	3,605	1,730	1,875
Married or living common law	53,750	26,835	26,915	1,925	960	965
Married	29,830	14,890	14,940	1,035	520	515
Living common law	23,920	11,940	11,975	895	445	450
Not married and not living common law	35,615	17,390	18,225	1,675	770	910
Never married	22,570	12,770	9,800	1,020	550	470
Separated	915	435	480	40	20	20
Divorced	6,620	2,980	3,635	325	140	185
Widowed	5,520	1,205	4,315	290	65	230
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,430	...	...	1,190	...	...
2 persons	17,555	...	...	665	...	...
3 persons	5,385	...	...	230	...	...
4 persons	5,090	...	...	195	...	...
5 or more persons	2,400	...	...	105	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,430	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total couple families	26,110	...	...	940	...	...
Married couples	14,165	...	...	495	...	...
Common-law couples	11,945	...	...	440	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,320	...	...	250	...	...
Female parent	3,045	...	...	180	...	...
Male parent	1,270	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,110	...	...	940	...	...
Couples without children	15,040	...	...	525	...	...
Couples with children	11,065	...	...	415	...	...
1 child	4,085	...	...	145	...	...
2 children	4,680	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	2,300	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,320	...	...	250	...	...
1 child	2,515	...	...	135	...	...
2 children	1,295	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	510	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,060	9,865	9,195	895	405	490
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	46,755	...	...	1,975	...	...
One-census-family households	29,955	...	...	1,175	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,840	...	...	515	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,110	...	...	655	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	240	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,565	...	...	795	...	...
One-person households	15,400	...	...	755	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,170	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	106,090	53,070	53,020	4,255	2,065	2,190
English only	570	260	305	240	115	130
French only	76,605	36,775	39,835	2,190	1,005	1,180
English and French	28,730	15,920	12,810	1,825	945	885
Neither English nor French	190	115	75	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	106,095	53,070	53,025	4,255	2,060	2,190
English	2,935	1,505	1,425	640	320	325
French	102,665	51,275	51,390	3,590	1,735	1,855
English and French	315	175	140	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	180	110	65	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,090	1,595	1,495	655	320	330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.9	3.0	2.8	15.4	15.5	15.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	106,090	53,070	53,020	4,250	2,060	2,190
Single responses	105,440	52,705	52,735	4,175	2,025	2,150
Official languages	103,945	51,940	52,005	4,135	2,000	2,135
English	2,785	1,415	1,375	600	295	305
French	101,155	50,525	50,630	3,535	1,705	1,835
Non-official languages	1,495	770	730	35	25	15
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	5	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,490	760	725	40	25	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	70	65	5	5	5
Berber languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	120	65	55	5	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	60	55	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,065	565	500	25	15	10
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	50	60	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	5
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	235	130	100	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	10	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	195	110	85	5	5	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	20	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	675	350	325	20	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	0	5	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	600	305	295	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	115	50	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	25	30	0	0	0
Wolof	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	365	285	75	35	40
English and French	485	270	210	75	40	35
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	65	60	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	106,095	53,070	53,025	4,250	2,065	2,190
Single responses	105,230	52,620	52,610	4,170	2,025	2,145
Official languages	104,445	52,210	52,235	4,160	2,015	2,140
English	2,430	1,255	1,180	585	280	305
French	102,010	50,960	51,055	3,570	1,735	1,840
Non-official languages	780	410	375	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	780	405	375	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	30	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	30	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	560	305	255	5	5	0
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	5	15	0	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	35	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	430	240	195	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	405	225	180	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	865	450	415	80	40	40
English and French	500	265	230	75	35	40
English and non-official language	20	15	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language	315	155	160	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	106,090	53,070	53,025	4,250	2,065	2,190
None	100,575	50,190	50,390	3,780	1,825	1,955
English	3,655	1,905	1,745	295	150	145
French	1,175	615	560	145	75	70
Non-official language	580	305	280	25	15	10
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	575	300	275	25	15	10
English and French	25	15	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	35	40	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	85,755	42,955	42,800	3,440	1,665	1,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,780	42,100	41,675	3,340	1,610	1,730
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,202	35,321	25,575	27,209	32,469	23,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,815	42,105	41,710	3,340	1,610	1,730
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,417	31,110	23,808	25,136	29,056	22,554
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,930	38,205	35,725	2,740	1,365	1,380
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,465	32,302	21,661	24,626	30,336	21,008
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,590	31,910	34,680	2,770	1,275	1,490
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,541	7,729	9,214	9,589	8,596	10,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,810	31,420	27,395	2,210	1,125	1,085
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,026	33,193	23,622	26,848	32,021	23,552
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	85,760	42,955	42,810	3,435	1,625	1,815
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,750	42,130	41,620	3,335	1,575	1,760
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,750	41,619	31,821	33,180	37,990	28,883
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,775	42,130	41,650	3,335	1,570	1,760
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,203	34,591	27,776	28,606	32,010	25,565
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,025	38,170	35,855	2,755	1,315	1,440
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,244	38,602	27,541	30,050	36,913	23,794
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,470	31,955	34,515	2,740	1,225	1,510
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,763	9,758	10,159	9,186	10,947
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,810	31,290	27,515	2,195	1,105	1,090
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,686	38,108	28,658	32,047	37,165	26,862
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	85,765	42,955	42,805	3,435	1,625	1,810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,005	14,635	11,370	870	485	385
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,249	44,284	35,675	38,529	45,300	34,513
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	45,770	50,395	39,816	45,231	51,449	37,349
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.9	84.3	74.0	75.1	80.6	68.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.5	68.0	59.7	62.5	66.2	57.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.1	15.7	26.0	24.9	19.5	31.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	85,755	42,950	42,800	3,440	1,660	1,780
Without total income	1,970	850	1,120	100	50	45
With total income	83,780	42,105	41,680	3,340	1,615	1,725
Percentage with total income	97.7	98.0	97.4	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,190	3,830	5,365	415	195	210
$10,000 to $19,999	17,505	6,900	10,610	760	300	455
$20,000 to $29,999	14,940	6,965	7,975	625	245	380
$30,000 to $39,999	12,550	6,430	6,115	545	280	265
$40,000 to $49,999	10,560	5,730	4,825	415	220	190
$50,000 to $59,999	6,730	4,070	2,655	220	135	80
$60,000 to $69,999	4,290	2,685	1,600	115	75	45
$70,000 to $79,999	3,060	1,910	1,150	85	40	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,715	1,175	540	70	50	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	745	285	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	2,215	1,660	555	65	45	10
$100,000 to $149,999	1,525	1,140	385	50	40	10
$150,000 and over	690	520	170	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	85,755	42,955	42,800	3,440	1,660	1,780
Without after-tax income	1,940	845	1,095	100	50	50
With after-tax income	83,815	42,105	41,710	3,340	1,615	1,725
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	98.0	97.5	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,575	3,920	5,655	430	200	230
$10,000 to $19,999	18,430	7,315	11,115	810	320	485
$20,000 to $29,999	18,145	8,840	9,305	770	320	445
$30,000 to $39,999	15,835	8,430	7,400	635	350	295
$40,000 to $49,999	10,080	5,950	4,135	345	205	145
$50,000 to $59,999	5,590	3,430	2,155	150	75	75
$60,000 to $69,999	2,940	1,890	1,050	100	70	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,335	945	390	45	30	10
$80,000 and over	1,880	1,380	500	55	40	15
$80,000 to $89,999	625	460	165	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	370	265	105	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	890	660	230	25	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	85,755	42,955	42,800	3,440	1,660	1,775
Without employment income	26,940	11,535	15,410	1,230	535	695
With employment income	58,810	31,420	27,390	2,210	1,125	1,080
Percentage with employment income	68.6	73.1	64.0	64.2	67.8	60.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,170	4,345	3,830	330	165	165
$5,000 to $9,999	4,840	2,090	2,750	175	70	110
$10,000 to $19,999	9,200	4,005	5,200	345	160	185
$20,000 to $29,999	8,770	3,915	4,855	345	135	210
$30,000 to $39,999	8,460	4,455	4,005	355	185	165
$40,000 to $49,999	6,365	3,745	2,625	260	145	120
$50,000 to $59,999	4,310	2,825	1,485	130	90	40
$60,000 to $69,999	2,910	1,880	1,030	90	55	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,250	1,470	785	55	30	25
$80,000 and over	3,530	2,695	835	115	85	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	925	325	50	35	15
$90,000 to $99,999	730	565	170	25	25	5
$100,000 and over	1,550	1,205	340	45	30	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,574	...	...	45,280	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,517	...	...	40,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,395	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,975	...	...	22,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,151	...	...	21,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,365	...	...	1,225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,534	...	...	63,821	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,654	...	...	56,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	46,760	...	...	1,975	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,822	...	...	56,061	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,907	...	...	48,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,305	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,398	...	...	30,174	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,876	...	...	26,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,455	...	...	1,225	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,600	...	...	71,755	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,060	...	...	61,570	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	46,760	...	...	1,975	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	750	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,805	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,730	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,730	...	...	170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,330	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,185	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,880	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,630	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,415	...	...	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,320	...	...	190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,835	...	...	135	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,405	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,855	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,295	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,270	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,880	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,040	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,520	...	...	50	...	...
$200,000 and over	835	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	765	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,810	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,900	...	...	185	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,130	...	...	190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,770	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,845	...	...	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,290	...	...	140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,015	...	...	130	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,865	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,990	...	...	210	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,260	...	...	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,525	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,950	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,690	...	...	145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,675	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,065	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	950	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,515	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,753	...	...	62,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,801	...	...	56,411	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,650	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,684	...	...	57,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,371	...	...	51,520	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,110	...	...	415	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,054	...	...	86,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,184	...	...	76,251	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,220	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,621	...	...	40,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,945	...	...	37,973	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,550	...	...	1,185	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,966	...	...	71,738	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,274	...	...	61,529	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,655	...	...	485	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,337	...	...	64,502	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,185	...	...	55,428	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,190	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,659	...	...	94,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,291	...	...	80,588	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,190	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,119	...	...	46,932	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,902	...	...	41,532	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,760	9,215	8,550	830	375	450
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,060	29,819	23,201	22,736	25,872	21,734
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,433	26,947	22,440	21,781	23,872	21,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,680	9,220	8,465	845	385	460
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,444	34,244	30,485	29,904	30,783	29,177
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,153	29,211	27,001	26,231	26,506	26,003
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,055	2,185
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,615	33,515	34,090	3,100	1,480	1,625
In the bottom decile	8,645	4,305	4,345	590	280	315
In the second decile	14,515	6,640	7,875	680	285	390
In the third decile	15,530	7,725	7,805	715	350	365
In the fourth decile	15,270	7,755	7,515	580	295	285
In the fifth decile	13,655	7,100	6,555	540	270	275
In the top half of the distribution	36,005	18,690	17,320	1,140	580	560
In the sixth decile	12,230	6,320	5,910	435	225	215
In the seventh decile	9,665	5,045	4,625	285	145	140
In the eighth decile	6,915	3,575	3,335	250	125	125
In the ninth decile	4,325	2,275	2,045	100	50	45
In the top decile	2,870	1,465	1,400	70	40	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,060	2,185
0 to 17 years	21,195	10,945	10,250	955	480	475
0 to 5 years	7,110	3,655	3,455	305	155	155
18 to 64 years	62,610	31,640	30,975	2,495	1,210	1,285
65 years and over	19,810	9,615	10,190	795	365	430
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,745	7,330	8,415	955	420	530
0 to 17 years	2,915	1,515	1,400	225	115	105
0 to 5 years	935	485	455	75	35	35
18 to 64 years	8,405	4,080	4,325	520	235	290
65 years and over	4,430	1,735	2,690	210	75	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.2	14.0	16.4	22.5	20.4	24.3
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	13.8	13.7	23.6	24.0	22.1
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2	13.3	13.2	24.6	22.6	22.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	12.9	14.0	20.8	19.4	22.6
65 years and over (%)	22.4	18.0	26.4	26.4	20.5	31.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,745	2,970	2,775	360	185	180
0 to 17 years	985	515	470	85	45	40
0 to 5 years	295	160	140	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	4,395	2,305	2,090	265	135	130
65 years and over	370	150	215	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	5.7	5.4	8.5	9.0	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.7	4.6	8.9	9.4	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	4.4	4.1	9.8	9.7	9.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	7.3	6.7	10.6	11.2	10.1
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.1	1.3	1.4	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	103,620	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,230
Official languages	103,370	52,045	51,330	4,245	2,010	2,235
English	29,030	16,005	13,025	1,965	985	975
French	102,820	51,780	51,040	3,965	1,870	2,095
Non-official languages	3,945	1,850	2,095	200	80	120
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,930	1,840	2,095	200	80	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	70	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	130	70	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	55	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	25	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	30	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	20	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,250	1,530	1,720	185	80	110
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	85	50	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	85	55	20	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	0	20	10	10
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	425	220	205	40	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	40	20	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	345	170	175	30	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,710	1,230	1,480	135	50	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	65	50	10	0	0
Portuguese	90	50	40	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,555	1,140	1,410	120	45	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	80	40	40	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	10	40	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	55	70	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	15	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	25	90	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	55	10	50	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	20	40	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	35	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	35	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	25	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,230
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	102,695	51,695	50,995	4,220	1,995	2,215
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,105	10,945	10,160	955	465	495
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,590	40,750	40,835	3,260	1,535	1,720
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	925	510	415	30	15	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,015	2,235
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	101,005	50,915	50,090	4,135	1,965	2,165
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,390	1,120	1,270	105	45	60
Before 1981	635	335	305	60	30	30
1981 to 1990	210	80	130	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	395	185	205	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	720	340	375	10	0	10
2001 to 2005	325	155	170	10	0	10
2006 to 2010	390	190	200	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	435	180	255	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	215	170	45	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,395	1,125	1,270	105	45	65
Under 5 years	420	185	235	25	15	15
5 to 14 years	460	245	215	15	0	15
15 to 24 years	410	180	230	35	15	15
25 to 44 years	915	435	480	35	10	20
45 years and over	185	80	110	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,395	1,125	1,270	110	45	60
Americas	770	310	460	35	15	30
Brazil	25	0	20	0	0	0
Colombia	245	105	140	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	85	20	60	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	25	30	10	0	10
Peru	30	10	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	215	85	135	25	0	25
Other places of birth in Americas	105	60	40	0	10	0
Europe	970	495	470	40	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	75	40	25	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	370	170	200	10	0	0
Germany	45	20	20	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	20	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	350	180	170	25	15	15
Africa	350	185	160	10	0	10
Algeria	55	35	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	45	30	20	10	0	10
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	245	120	130	0	0	0
Asia	280	115	160	20	10	10
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	140	30	115	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	25	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	30	10	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	435	180	255	15	10	0
Americas	130	60	70	10	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	75	25	50	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	45	10	30	10	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	10	0	0
Africa	220	100	120	0	0	0
Algeria	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	35	40	0	0	0
Asia	45	10	35	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,235
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,710	1,345	1,365	125	60	70
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,565	1,230	1,335	210	130	85
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	98,335	49,630	48,710	3,905	1,820	2,085
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,805	820	985	45	15	30
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	585	280	305	20	0	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	305	185	120	10	0	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	285	100	185	0	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	685	245	440	30	20	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	515	270	245	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	103,620	52,205	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,235
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	945	470	470	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	840	430	410	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	425	220	205	25	20	10
Métis	410	205	205	30	10	20
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,670	51,730	50,940	4,185	1,980	2,205
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	103,620	52,210	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,230
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	200	95	105	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	103,415	52,110	51,305	4,235	2,005	2,230
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	103,615	52,210	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,230
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	685	310	375	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	675	305	370	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	575	245	330	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	90	50	35	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,575	1,280	1,300	185	80	100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,525	1,245	1,280	180	80	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,230	1,130	1,105	175	80	100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	240	110	130	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	15	40	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	30	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	100,355	50,620	49,735	4,040	1,925	2,120
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	103,615	52,205	51,410	4,240	2,015	2,235
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,570	760	805	25	20	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	190	45	145	0	0	0
Black	455	205	245	10	0	0
Filipino	50	20	30	0	0	10
Latin American	580	305	270	0	0	0
Arab	105	60	45	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	90	65	30	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	50	35	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	102,045	51,440	50,605	4,220	1,995	2,225
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	103,615	52,210	51,410	4,245	2,010	2,235
North American Aboriginal origins	3,260	1,580	1,680	200	90	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,870	1,405	1,465	190	85	110
Inuit	65	20	45	0	10	0
Métis	390	195	195	0	0	0
Other North American origins	84,605	42,490	42,115	3,310	1,515	1,795
Acadian	370	175	200	0	0	0
American	420	180	245	60	40	20
Canadian	82,390	41,340	41,050	3,220	1,475	1,745
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,245	1,160	1,085	80	30	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	31,200	15,845	15,355	1,395	730	660
British Isles origins	6,975	3,525	3,455	565	285	280
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,850	960	890	210	95	115
Irish	4,550	2,290	2,250	335	175	160
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,510	760	750	130	80	50
Welsh	30	15	15	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	145	65	85	45	25	20
French origins	24,825	12,580	12,250	830	400	430
Alsatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	180	80	100	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	24,655	12,505	12,150	830	400	435
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,260	1,080	1,180	120	75	50
Austrian	70	40	30	20	20	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	385	165	215	20	15	10
Dutch	275	135	145	15	10	10
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,155	490	665	40	20	20
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	575	345	230	25	15	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	145	75	70	20	15	0
Danish	40	15	25	10	10	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	35	45	0	10	0
Swedish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	360	170	185	65	45	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	35	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	125	55	70	20	15	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	10	0
Russian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	85	40	40	20	15	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,325	685	640	35	20	15
Albanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	20	0	0	0
Italian	800	430	365	20	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	55	65	10	0	10
Serbian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	260	130	130	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	150	60	90	30	0	25
Basque	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	100	40	60	25	10	15
Caribbean origins	245	110	135	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dominican	40	25	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	175	70	105	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	730	375	355	20	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	270	110	165	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	85	85	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	145	95	55	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	0	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	470	255	215	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	235	125	115	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	160	75	85	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	165	95	70	0	0	0
Algerian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	20	15	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	575	265	315	30	20	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	135	70	70	15	0	10
Afghan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Armenian	35	35	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	65	30	30	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	380	170	210	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese	230	75	155	0	0	0
Filipino	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	45	35	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Owner	32,570	...	...	1,150	...	...
Renter	14,185	...	...	825	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Condominium	2,205	...	...	100	...	...
Not condominium	44,550	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	46,760	...	...	1,975	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	4,730	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,495	...	...	685	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,920	...	...	695	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,495	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	46,755	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,025	...	...	660	...	...
5 rooms	9,435	...	...	425	...	...
6 rooms	6,845	...	...	235	...	...
7 rooms	6,465	...	...	255	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,990	...	...	400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	46,605	...	...	1,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	150	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	46,755	...	...	1,970	...	...
Suitable	46,015	...	...	1,925	...	...
Not suitable	745	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	46,760	...	...	1,975	...	...
1960 or before	13,150	...	...	800	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,590	...	...	555	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,835	...	...	115	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,565	...	...	190	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,395	...	...	75	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,275	...	...	95	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,950	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,150	...	...	1,820	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,610	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	46,760	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	29,860	...	...	1,325	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,675	...	...	640	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	46,760	...	...	1,975	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,530	...	...	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,965	...	...	245	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,225	...	...	305	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,575	...	...	375	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,340	...	...	425	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,345	...	...	320	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,710	...	...	190	...	...
85 years and over	1,070	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,620	...	...	1,970	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	38,215	...	...	1,545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,410	...	...	435	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,780	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,575	...	...	1,150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.9	...	...	64.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.6	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	762	...	...	927	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	842	...	...	953	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	159,973	...	...	184,333	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	185,084	...	...	220,603	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,080	...	...	825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.4	...	...	20.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.9	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	553	...	...	550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	589	...	...	570	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	85,760	42,955	42,805	3,440	1,625	1,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,500	12,395	10,105	1,140	585	550
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,550	7,955	9,590	955	395	560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,715	22,600	23,110	1,345	640	695
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,440	12,020	7,415	620	355	265
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	14,270	7,880	6,390	420	200	220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,165	4,140	1,025	195	155	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,255	5,820	8,435	375	130	245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,365	790	1,575	75	25	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,655	3,965	5,685	270	130	140
Bachelor's degree	6,800	2,655	4,145	175	90	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	830	340	490	25	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	345	175	165	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,545	720	820	60	35	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	75	55	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,965	27,480	27,485	2,210	1,080	1,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,440	6,295	4,145	585	335	250
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,025	4,725	5,300	620	260	355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,495	16,455	18,045	1,010	490	520
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,230	9,085	6,145	485	280	205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,260	5,970	5,285	345	165	185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,970	3,110	860	135	115	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,240	4,055	6,185	270	95	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,490	495	990	50	15	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,545	2,820	4,720	205	95	110
Bachelor's degree	5,410	1,995	3,420	140	75	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	620	205	420	20	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	110	155	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,150	470	685	40	15	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	45	45	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	85,760	42,955	42,810	3,435	1,625	1,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40,050	20,355	19,695	2,095	980	1,110
Education	3,970	855	3,115	75	25	45
13. Education	3,965	855	3,115	70	20	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,035	375	655	60	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	115	90	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	830	265	565	55	25	35
Humanities	1,695	740	955	50	15	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	25	140	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	950	430	520	40	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	50	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	95	70	0	0	0
54. History	100	65	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	220	65	155	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,885	710	2,180	75	30	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	15	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	330	120	215	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,030	35	995	20	10	15
22. Legal professions and studies	385	150	235	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	15	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	620	150	470	10	10	10
45. Social sciences	370	230	140	35	20	15
Business, management and public administration	9,515	2,660	6,850	305	80	225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	630	95	540	30	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,880	2,570	6,315	280	75	205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	880	510	370	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	95	145	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	105	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	170	75	90	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	230	195	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	45	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	795	520	275	35	10	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	680	490	190	30	15	20
25. Library science	80	0	75	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,700	11,980	725	365	350	15
04. Architecture and related services	185	95	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	820	735	85	40	25	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,275	2,065	210	65	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,030	2,980	50	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,460	3,350	110	110	110	0
48. Precision production	2,930	2,750	180	110	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,155	1,545	615	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,585	1,040	545	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	570	505	70	10	0	0
Health and related fields	6,200	985	5,215	160	20	135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	195	120	15	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,795	745	5,050	145	25	125
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	45	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,855	1,725	2,130	170	60	105
12. Personal and culinary services	2,420	475	1,940	125	30	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	505	400	105	20	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	920	830	90	30	20	10
Other	15	0	20	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,965	27,480	27,485	2,210	1,080	1,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,470	11,020	9,440	1,200	590	610
Education	2,520	470	2,045	45	15	25
13. Education	2,515	470	2,050	50	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	780	255	520	50	30	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	80	85	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	620	180	435	40	20	20
Humanities	985	410	575	30	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	130	15	115	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	250	305	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	50	25	0	0	0
54. History	65	45	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	25	95	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,310	480	1,830	60	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	270	90	180	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	30	875	25	10	15
22. Legal professions and studies	270	95	175	15	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	15	75	0	0	0
42. Psychology	510	120	395	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	245	130	115	20	0	20
Business, management and public administration	7,565	1,910	5,655	210	55	150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	500	70	430	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,065	1,840	5,225	185	50	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	560	310	250	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	65	125	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	50	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	15	15	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	180	150	30	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	685	440	245	35	15	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	615	430	185	30	15	20
25. Library science	55	0	50	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,670	8,995	675	275	265	15
04. Architecture and related services	160	80	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	680	595	85	35	20	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,695	1,490	200	45	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,150	2,105	45	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,695	2,605	95	80	80	0
48. Precision production	2,285	2,120	165	90	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,740	1,210	530	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,270	805	460	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	475	400	70	10	0	0
Health and related fields	4,630	660	3,965	135	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	125	95	15	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,335	505	3,830	125	20	105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	30	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,055	1,315	1,740	140	50	90
12. Personal and culinary services	1,930	360	1,565	110	25	80
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	270	95	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	760	680	85	20	15	0
Other	0	0	10	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	85,760	42,955	42,810	3,435	1,625	1,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,050	20,355	19,695	2,095	980	1,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,710	22,605	23,115	1,340	645	695
Location of study inside Canada	44,960	22,210	22,750	1,305	635	675
Same as province or territory of residence	44,360	21,835	22,525	1,280	610	675
Different than province or territory of residence	600	370	230	25	25	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	750	395	360	35	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	50	35	10	10	0
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	25	0	0	0
France	240	145	95	0	0	0
Other	355	165	190	25	10	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,965	27,480	27,485	2,210	1,080	1,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,465	11,020	9,445	1,200	590	610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,500	16,455	18,045	1,010	490	520
Location of study inside Canada	33,925	16,165	17,760	1,000	490	510
Same as province or territory of residence	33,530	15,955	17,575	990	480	510
Different than province or territory of residence	390	210	185	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	575	295	285	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	30	30	10	0	0
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	175	105	70	0	0	0
Other	275	130	145	0	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	85,765	42,955	42,810	3,440	1,625	1,810
In the labour force	53,385	27,955	25,430	1,935	1,020	915
Employed	50,380	26,185	24,195	1,770	920	855
Unemployed	3,005	1,770	1,235	165	100	60
Not in the labour force	32,375	15,000	17,380	1,500	605	895
Participation rate	62.2	65.1	59.4	56.2	62.8	50.6
Employment rate	58.7	61.0	56.5	51.5	56.6	47.2
Unemployment rate	5.6	6.3	4.9	8.5	9.8	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	85,765	42,955	42,805	3,435	1,625	1,810
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,095	13,575	16,520	1,400	585	820
Worked	55,665	29,380	26,290	2,035	1,040	995
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,540	14,960	11,575	875	495	380
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,125	14,420	14,705	1,155	550	610
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	42.8	43.0	41.2	41.8	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	53,385	27,955	25,430	1,935	1,020	915
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	410	470	55	35	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	52,505	27,545	24,960	1,885	990	895
Employee	45,050	23,025	22,020	1,670	855	815
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,460	4,515	2,940	210	130	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	53,385	27,955	25,430	1,935	1,020	915
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	410	470	55	30	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	52,500	27,545	24,960	1,880	985	895
0 Management occupations	5,125	3,335	1,795	165	90	80
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,725	1,825	4,895	210	40	170
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,260	1,715	540	55	45	15
3 Health occupations	3,865	550	3,315	140	15	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,110	1,075	4,035	150	60	100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	945	365	580	40	25	15
6 Sales and service occupations	11,825	4,610	7,215	500	210	290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,390	8,945	445	340	300	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,875	1,305	565	80	65	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,390	3,820	1,565	200	145	55
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	53,385	27,955	25,430	1,935	1,020	915
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	880	410	470	55	35	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	52,500	27,545	24,960	1,885	985	895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,225	2,150	1,080	45	30	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	135	0	10	0	0
22 Utilities	270	225	50	0	10	0
23 Construction	3,675	3,275	400	135	120	10
31-33 Manufacturing	10,870	7,940	2,935	390	270	115
41 Wholesale trade	1,720	1,220	500	60	40	25
44-45 Retail trade	6,450	2,830	3,620	215	85	125
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,955	1,555	400	75	45	25
51 Information and cultural industries	420	270	155	40	15	20
52 Finance and insurance	1,125	340	785	45	0	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	410	220	195	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,980	955	1,030	65	25	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,740	990	745	90	60	25
61 Educational services	3,210	830	2,385	70	25	50
62 Health care and social assistance	6,935	910	6,020	220	20	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	710	345	360	50	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	3,330	1,035	2,295	205	95	110
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,720	1,500	1,215	85	70	15
91 Public administration	1,595	815	775	85	30	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,385	26,185	24,195	1,775	920	855
Worked at home	4,405	2,205	2,200	115	50	65
Worked outside Canada	95	75	20	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,360	3,325	1,040	145	120	30
Worked at usual place	41,520	20,590	20,930	1,510	745	760
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	41,520	20,590	20,935	1,505	745	760
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,580	9,145	10,435	500	225	275
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,260	5,050	5,210	400	210	185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,645	6,365	5,280	605	305	295
Commute to a different province or territory	40	25	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,885	23,910	21,970	1,655	865	790
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,035	20,920	19,110	1,465	795	670
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,810	895	915	80	25	55
Public transit	130	45	80	10	0	10
Walked	2,860	1,330	1,530	75	30	45
Bicycle	560	435	120	10	10	0
Other method	490	280	210	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,880	23,910	21,970	1,655	865	790
Less than 15 minutes	22,515	11,085	11,435	575	265	310
15 to 29 minutes	14,300	7,290	7,010	645	370	280
30 to 44 minutes	5,525	3,135	2,395	280	145	130
45 to 59 minutes	1,965	1,215	750	65	25	40
60 minutes and over	1,570	1,190	385	90	60	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,885	23,910	21,975	1,655	860	790
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,380	1,745	635	90	65	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,805	6,270	2,535	430	305	130
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,815	8,505	8,310	465	220	250
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,790	2,635	5,155	220	85	135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,130	990	2,140	120	40	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,960	3,775	3,195	330	155	180
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	57,145	30,115	27,025	2,080	1,060	1,020
Single responses	56,000	29,465	26,530	1,930	980	950
Official languages	55,855	29,340	26,515	1,925	980	950
English	1,215	630	585	135	60	80
French	54,635	28,705	25,935	1,790	915	870
Non-official languages	145	130	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	125	15	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	125	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	115	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	125	115	15	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,145	645	495	145	75	70
English and French	1,075	610	460	140	75	75
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	57,145	30,115	27,030	2,080	1,060	1,020
None	48,935	25,395	23,540	1,430	720	710
English	7,245	4,205	3,035	560	300	265
French	745	390	360	85	35	45
Non-official language	155	75	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	150	75	75	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	35	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	102,535	51,600	50,935	4,200	1,995	2,205
Non-movers	91,760	46,395	45,365	3,700	1,735	1,970
Movers	10,770	5,205	5,565	495	260	235
Non-migrants	5,685	2,645	3,040	260	135	130
Migrants	5,090	2,555	2,535	235	130	110
Internal migrants	4,930	2,445	2,485	220	120	100
Intraprovincial migrants	4,795	2,370	2,425	225	120	105
Interprovincial migrants	130	80	55	0	0	0
External migrants	165	115	50	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	97,720	49,215	48,500	3,990	1,890	2,100
Non-movers	66,095	33,695	32,405	2,490	1,175	1,310
Movers	31,625	15,520	16,105	1,500	710	785
Non-migrants	16,465	8,075	8,395	650	285	365
Migrants	15,155	7,445	7,710	850	425	425
Internal migrants	14,660	7,160	7,500	825	415	410
Intraprovincial migrants	14,345	6,995	7,350	800	400	395
Interprovincial migrants	315	165	145	25	15	10
External migrants	500	280	215	25	15	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Waterloo, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Waterloo, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Waterloo, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Waterloo, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec