Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bertrand, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vaudreuil--Soulanges Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Bertrand, VL New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Bertrand, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	119,227	...	...	1,166	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	111,905	...	...	1,142^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,863	...	...	678	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,484	...	...	561	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	303.2	...	...	20.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	393.20	...	...	57.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	119,230	58,935	60,295	1,165	570	590
0 to 14 years	23,430	12,065	11,360	130	75	55
0 to 4 years	7,020	3,605	3,410	35	30	10
5 to 9 years	8,320	4,295	4,020	50	30	20
10 to 14 years	8,090	4,160	3,930	45	20	20
15 to 64 years	79,060	39,085	39,975	690	335	355
15 to 19 years	7,435	3,785	3,650	45	25	15
20 to 24 years	6,445	3,380	3,070	40	15	20
25 to 29 years	5,360	2,650	2,705	40	20	25
30 to 34 years	6,455	3,065	3,390	60	30	35
35 to 39 years	8,680	4,120	4,560	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	9,205	4,430	4,775	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	9,350	4,680	4,670	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	9,995	5,005	4,985	105	50	55
55 to 59 years	8,785	4,425	4,365	110	50	60
60 to 64 years	7,365	3,555	3,810	110	55	50
65 years and over	16,735	7,780	8,960	340	165	180
65 to 69 years	6,110	2,985	3,130	110	50	60
70 to 74 years	4,435	2,155	2,280	75	40	35
75 to 79 years	2,755	1,300	1,450	65	35	30
80 to 84 years	1,805	820	990	45	15	25
85 years and over	1,630	520	1,105	45	20	30
85 to 89 years	1,065	380	685	30	15	20
90 to 94 years	440	120	320	15	10	10
95 to 99 years	105	20	90	5	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.7	20.5	18.8	11.2	13.2	9.3
15 to 64 years	66.3	66.3	66.3	59.2	58.8	60.2
65 years and over	14.0	13.2	14.9	29.2	28.9	30.5
85 years and over	1.4	0.9	1.8	3.9	3.5	5.1
Average age of the population	39.5	38.7	40.2	49.9	48.8	51.0
Median age of the population	41.0	40.5	41.4	54.1	53.7	54.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,480	...	...	560	...	...
Single-detached house	32,520	...	...	485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	240	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,495	...	...	65	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,785	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,710	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,170	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,655	...	...	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	175	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	230	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,485	...	...	560	...	...
1 person	10,500	...	...	175	...	...
2 persons	15,355	...	...	240	...	...
3 persons	7,555	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	8,210	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	3,870	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	117,615	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	95,800	46,865	48,935	1,035	500	535
Married or living common law	60,220	30,100	30,115	625	310	315
Married	40,990	20,495	20,495	400	195	200
Living common law	19,230	9,605	9,625	225	110	115
Not married and not living common law	35,580	16,765	18,815	410	190	220
Never married	23,965	12,925	11,050	240	130	115
Separated	1,395	585	810	30	15	20
Divorced	6,130	2,400	3,730	50	30	25
Widowed	4,085	860	3,225	80	15	60
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	34,665	...	...	370	...	...
2 persons	15,895	...	...	245	...	...
3 persons	7,500	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	8,105	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	3,165	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	34,670	...	...	370	...	...
Total couple families	29,615	...	...	310	...	...
Married couples	20,015	...	...	200	...	...
Common-law couples	9,605	...	...	110	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,055	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	3,680	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	1,370	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,610	...	...	310	...	...
Couples without children	12,955	...	...	205	...	...
Couples with children	16,655	...	...	105	...	...
1 child	5,865	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	7,715	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	3,080	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,050	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,940	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	1,635	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	480	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,240	6,825	7,420	240	120	120
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,485	...	...	560	...	...
One-census-family households	33,470	...	...	355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,450	...	...	200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,025	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	585	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,425	...	...	200	...	...
One-person households	10,500	...	...	180	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	925	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	118,530	58,700	59,830	1,165	570	595
English only	11,625	5,920	5,705	0	5	5
French only	26,705	12,470	14,235	640	290	350
English and French	79,560	40,030	39,530	525	285	240
Neither English nor French	635	275	365	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	118,530	58,700	59,830	1,165	570	590
English	39,360	19,760	19,600	30	10	20
French	73,505	36,105	37,395	1,135	565	575
English and French	5,055	2,570	2,480	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	610	260	355	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	41,890	21,045	20,840	1,135	565	575
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	35.3	35.9	34.8	97.4	99.1	97.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	118,530	58,695	59,835	1,165	575	590
Single responses	114,355	56,645	57,710	1,160	570	585
Official languages	99,880	49,495	50,385	1,155	570	585
English	30,795	15,515	15,275	30	10	20
French	69,085	33,980	35,105	1,125	560	570
Non-official languages	14,480	7,150	7,325	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	5	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,450	7,140	7,310	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,645	890	755	0	0	0
Berber languages	140	70	65	0	0	0
Kabyle	90	40	45	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,485	805	680	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	205	85	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	60	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	565	220	345	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	0	0
Malay	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	485	190	290	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	355	165	190	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	320	150	170	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	315	160	160	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	305	155	155	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,970	4,955	5,010	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,125	1,010	1,115	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,100	995	1,100	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	155	85	70	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	65	35	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	740	340	395	0	0	0
Russian	855	405	455	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	800	385	415	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	115	60	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	600	285	315	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	435	235	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,810	905	905	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,545	770	775	0	0	0
Bengali	45	25	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hindi	80	40	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	845	425	425	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	380	185	190	0	0	0
Iranian languages	260	135	125	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	250	125	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,680	2,360	2,315	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,275	700	575	0	0	0
Portuguese	495	250	250	0	0	0
Romanian	1,100	525	575	5	0	0
Spanish	1,805	890	915	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	125	130	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	25	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	690	320	370	0	0	0
Chinese languages	685	320	370	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	495	235	260	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	25	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	135	120	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	115	110	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,170	2,050	2,120	5	0	5
English and French	2,455	1,205	1,245	5	0	0
English and non-official language	700	340	365	0	0	0
French and non-official language	555	280	280	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	460	225	230	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	118,530	58,700	59,830	1,165	575	590
Single responses	112,640	55,830	56,810	1,160	575	590
Official languages	105,970	52,540	53,430	1,160	575	590
English	38,405	19,280	19,125	10	10	10
French	67,565	33,260	34,305	1,145	565	580
Non-official languages	6,670	3,290	3,385	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,670	3,285	3,380	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	565	295	270	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	10	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	520	275	245	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	505	270	240	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	80	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	115	40	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	95	35	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250	120	125	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	240	115	125	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,720	2,345	2,375	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,245	635	605	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,235	630	605	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	365	185	180	0	0	0
Russian	640	325	315	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	50	55	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	95	45	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,185	575	615	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,050	515	540	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	40	45	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	635	310	325	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	245	115	125	0	0	0
Iranian languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	130	60	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,095	1,045	1,050	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	75	80	0	0	0
Romanian	805	400	400	0	0	0
Spanish	1,020	515	505	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	490	235	250	0	0	0
Chinese languages	490	235	255	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	400	195	200	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,890	2,870	3,020	5	5	0
English and French	2,705	1,305	1,395	5	5	5
English and non-official language	1,315	650	670	0	0	0
French and non-official language	975	480	495	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	895	435	460	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	118,530	58,700	59,830	1,170	575	595
None	89,835	44,610	45,225	1,090	540	550
English	12,030	5,910	6,120	65	30	35
French	10,335	5,160	5,170	10	0	5
Non-official language	4,500	2,125	2,375	0	5	5
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,485	2,115	2,370	5	0	5
English and French	770	395	380	0	0	0
English and non-official language	425	205	220	0	0	0
French and non-official language	620	285	330	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,210	46,330	47,885	1,035	500	540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,310	44,495	45,820	1,005	490	520
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,468	45,794	33,992	25,067	29,995	21,914
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,335	44,500	45,840	1,005	490	520
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,229	38,734	30,164	23,424	26,965	20,864
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,595	42,075	41,520	790	405	385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,457	43,635	29,831	20,629	22,976	17,152
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,395	27,495	35,900	860	405	455
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,983	4,336	6,992	11,616	12,624	9,952
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,305	36,620	34,690	635	330	305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,591	44,170	32,296	22,608	25,472	20,288
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	94,180	46,280	47,900	1,020	470	550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,420	44,490	45,930	995	470	530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,352	56,416	40,542	31,410	36,907	26,590
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,455	44,495	45,955	995	465	535
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,804	44,238	33,542	27,539	31,707	23,884
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,685	42,045	41,645	765	360	400
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,134	54,950	37,232	28,846	34,202	24,023
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,580	27,740	35,840	855	380	475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,038	7,193	8,693	10,859	12,610	9,448
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,295	36,495	34,795	640	300	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,877	53,379	38,009	29,463	35,938	23,796
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	94,185	46,285	47,900	1,025	470	555
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,620	19,450	16,170	245	105	140
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	53,307	60,099	47,021	34,073	41,866	31,704
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,871	69,605	52,569	43,143	51,078	37,472
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.6	92.3	83.4	70.4	73.3	66.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.4	76.6	71.3	60.1	63.9	56.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.5	7.7	16.6	29.8	26.5	33.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,210	46,330	47,885	1,035	500	540
Without total income	3,895	1,830	2,065	30	10	15
With total income	90,310	44,495	45,815	1,010	490	520
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.0	95.7	97.6	98.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,490	4,385	6,105	125	50	75
$10,000 to $19,999	12,945	5,115	7,830	255	95	155
$20,000 to $29,999	11,425	4,745	6,685	240	100	140
$30,000 to $39,999	10,895	5,050	5,840	150	95	55
$40,000 to $49,999	10,525	4,920	5,605	75	45	30
$50,000 to $59,999	8,715	4,520	4,205	55	40	25
$60,000 to $69,999	6,565	3,605	2,960	40	15	25
$70,000 to $79,999	5,320	2,920	2,400	30	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,615	2,175	1,435	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,525	1,700	830	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	7,290	5,365	1,930	20	20	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,955	3,590	1,365	15	15	0
$150,000 and over	2,335	1,775	565	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,215	46,325	47,885	1,040	500	540
Without after-tax income	3,875	1,830	2,045	30	10	20
With after-tax income	90,335	44,500	45,835	1,010	490	520
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.1	95.7	97.1	98.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,985	4,495	6,495	125	50	75
$10,000 to $19,999	13,800	5,530	8,270	265	100	160
$20,000 to $29,999	14,090	6,050	8,035	305	140	160
$30,000 to $39,999	14,820	7,045	7,780	125	80	50
$40,000 to $49,999	12,735	6,505	6,235	85	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	8,750	4,850	3,900	45	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,870	3,435	2,435	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,335	2,225	1,115	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	5,960	4,375	1,580	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,905	1,335	575	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,155	875	285	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,890	2,170	720	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,215	46,325	47,885	1,035	500	535
Without employment income	22,905	9,710	13,200	400	170	230
With employment income	71,305	36,620	34,685	635	330	305
Percentage with employment income	75.7	79.1	72.4	61.4	66.0	57.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,275	4,135	4,145	95	40	50
$5,000 to $9,999	4,920	2,130	2,795	70	30	35
$10,000 to $19,999	9,115	3,970	5,145	130	65	70
$20,000 to $29,999	7,555	3,180	4,380	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	7,715	3,465	4,245	80	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	7,365	3,380	3,985	50	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,345	3,400	2,945	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,960	2,780	2,180	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,470	2,520	1,950	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	10,585	7,655	2,930	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,775	1,840	935	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,985	1,410	570	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	5,825	4,410	1,420	25	15	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,485	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,475	...	...	45,920	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,197	...	...	41,907	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,500	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,920	...	...	22,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,349	...	...	21,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,985	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,384	...	...	58,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,282	...	...	51,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,142	...	...	55,820	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,183	...	...	48,940	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,470	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,331	...	...	30,597	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,054	...	...	27,149	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	35,005	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,745	...	...	67,068	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,890	...	...	58,658	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,485	...	...	565	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	305	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,140	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,370	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,220	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,475	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,715	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,785	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,810	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,610	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,475	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,400	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,080	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,875	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,230	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,075	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,065	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,190	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,900	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,485	...	...	565	...	...
Under $5,000	405	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	320	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	655	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,220	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,565	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,515	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,990	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,190	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,285	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,425	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,560	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,335	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,935	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,735	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,125	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,220	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,435	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,800	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,980	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	34,345	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,416	...	...	58,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,284	...	...	51,866	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,190	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,013	...	...	51,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,062	...	...	46,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,715	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,342	...	...	93,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,847	...	...	81,408	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,810	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,417	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,005	...	...	42,240	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	34,385	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,766	...	...	66,969	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,828	...	...	58,568	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,290	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,522	...	...	62,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,659	...	...	53,955	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,675	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,977	...	...	90,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,382	...	...	77,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,750	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,087	...	...	43,483	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,222	...	...	41,297	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,465	6,135	6,335	215	105	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,076	40,747	35,757	22,656	27,989	20,288
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,930	34,671	31,340	22,016	24,640	19,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,400	6,030	6,370	195	95	100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,416	49,245	41,796	30,361	29,559	31,103
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,726	39,211	34,376	26,903	26,051	27,692
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	117,615	58,375	59,240	1,170	575	595
In the bottom half of the distribution	52,865	25,510	27,350	825	400	425
In the bottom decile	5,200	2,525	2,675	110	45	70
In the second decile	8,245	3,825	4,415	245	110	130
In the third decile	11,530	5,545	5,975	185	95	90
In the fourth decile	13,420	6,520	6,900	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	14,475	7,095	7,380	110	60	60
In the top half of the distribution	64,755	32,865	31,885	345	180	165
In the sixth decile	15,385	7,730	7,650	130	65	65
In the seventh decile	14,805	7,560	7,250	125	65	60
In the eighth decile	14,505	7,360	7,140	40	25	15
In the ninth decile	11,490	5,815	5,680	20	10	10
In the top decile	8,570	4,405	4,165	30	20	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	117,615	58,375	59,240	1,165	575	590
0 to 17 years	27,900	14,335	13,570	150	85	70
0 to 5 years	8,570	4,400	4,170	45	30	10
18 to 64 years	74,305	36,650	37,655	675	330	345
65 years and over	15,410	7,390	8,010	340	160	185
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,745	4,090	4,655	265	110	155
0 to 17 years	2,015	1,060	955	40	15	25
0 to 5 years	505	265	245	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	5,040	2,405	2,630	100	40	60
65 years and over	1,695	630	1,065	120	50	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.4	7.0	7.9	22.7	19.1	26.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.4	7.0	26.7	17.6	35.7
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	6.0	5.9	33.3	16.7	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.6	7.0	14.8	12.1	17.4
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.5	13.3	35.3	31.3	40.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,285	2,525	2,760	45	20	20
0 to 17 years	1,145	595	550	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	310	165	150	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,420	1,685	1,735	35	15	20
65 years and over	720	240	480	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.3	4.7	3.9	3.5	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.2	4.1	3.3	5.9	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	3.8	3.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	5.2	4.5	5.8
65 years and over (%)	4.7	3.2	6.0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	117,555	58,340	59,215	1,155	555	600
Official languages	116,905	58,060	58,840	1,160	560	600
English	90,730	45,735	44,995	525	270	250
French	105,370	52,165	53,200	1,155	555	600
Non-official languages	22,430	10,775	11,655	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	22,405	10,760	11,640	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,485	1,315	1,170	0	0	0
Berber languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Kabyle	60	30	35	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	135	75	65	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,410	1,280	1,125	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	2,210	1,195	1,015	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	170	80	90	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	335	165	170	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	280	140	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	770	315	455	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	730	295	435	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	930	415	520	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	0	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	840	390	455	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	35	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	550	265	285	0	0	0
Kannada	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	535	250	285	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	16,020	7,715	8,305	0	0	10
Albanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,560	1,245	1,315	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,540	1,235	1,305	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	150	85	60	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	975	480	495	0	0	0
Russian	1,155	555	595	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Slovak	80	30	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	260	115	145	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,505	745	765	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	195	90	105	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,245	630	615	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	800	390	405	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,335	1,120	1,210	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,010	945	1,055	0	0	0
Bengali	90	35	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	270	115	155	0	0	0
Hindi	510	265	250	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	985	480	505	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Urdu	625	295	330	0	0	0
Iranian languages	330	170	155	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	325	170	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,325	4,415	4,910	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,730	1,375	1,355	0	0	0
Portuguese	740	380	355	0	0	0
Romanian	1,320	635	675	0	0	0
Spanish	5,125	2,280	2,845	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	90	45	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	470	235	235	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	80	50	30	0	0	0
Bamanankan	50	30	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	90	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	30	35	0	0	0
Wolof	55	35	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	130	60	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	40	85	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	20	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	10	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	805	365	440	0	0	0
Chinese languages	805	355	440	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	45	95	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	615	285	335	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Lao	60	25	35	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	40	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	365	165	200	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	325	145	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	117,555	58,340	59,210	1,155	560	600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	114,455	56,890	57,565	1,145	545	600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	27,435	14,200	13,240	155	100	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	87,015	42,690	44,325	995	455	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,100	1,450	1,650	10	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	117,550	58,340	59,215	1,155	555	600
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	100,625	50,185	50,435	1,150	550	600
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	16,555	7,965	8,590	10	10	0
Before 1981	4,370	2,220	2,155	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	2,140	1,100	1,050	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	3,360	1,610	1,755	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	5,225	2,365	2,860	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,655	1,175	1,475	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,570	1,190	1,385	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,455	680	780	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	380	190	185	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	16,555	7,965	8,590	0	10	0
Under 5 years	2,165	1,000	1,165	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,115	1,545	1,570	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	3,350	1,520	1,835	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	7,020	3,510	3,510	0	0	0
45 years and over	900	395	510	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	16,555	7,965	8,590	0	10	0
Americas	3,195	1,515	1,680	0	0	0
Brazil	60	30	25	0	0	0
Colombia	225	95	130	0	0	0
El Salvador	100	45	50	0	0	0
Guyana	130	60	75	0	0	0
Haiti	540	260	275	0	0	0
Jamaica	140	75	70	0	0	0
Mexico	250	120	125	0	0	0
Peru	155	90	70	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	120	55	65	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	570	270	305	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	900	410	490	0	0	0
Europe	6,655	3,260	3,395	0	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	10	20	0	0	0
France	1,020	505	515	0	0	0
Germany	335	155	175	0	10	0
Greece	145	65	80	0	0	0
Hungary	105	65	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italy	440	235	205	0	0	0
Netherlands	125	65	55	0	0	0
Poland	535	250	285	0	0	0
Portugal	265	130	135	0	0	0
Romania	900	430	475	0	0	0
Russian Federation	315	135	175	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	255	130	130	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,185	590	595	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	940	470	470	0	0	0
Africa	2,280	1,180	1,095	0	0	0
Algeria	370	205	170	0	0	0
Egypt	450	260	190	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	30	10	20	0	0	0
Morocco	405	190	210	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	15	20	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	920	460	460	0	0	0
Asia	4,405	1,995	2,410	0	0	0
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	25	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	585	215	370	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	15	15	0	0	0
India	770	375	395	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	225	135	85	0	0	0
Iraq	30	25	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	265	140	125	0	0	0
Pakistan	340	145	195	0	0	0
Philippines	685	275	410	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	385	175	210	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	180	80	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	710	345	365	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,455	680	775	0	0	0
Americas	245	100	145	0	0	0
Brazil	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuba	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haiti	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	20	0	0	0
Europe	460	215	240	0	0	0
France	175	85	95	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	60	25	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	65	40	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	30	20	0	0	0
Africa	275	135	140	0	0	0
Algeria	60	40	20	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	65	35	30	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	30	35	0	0	0
Asia	475	225	250	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	120	55	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	85	45	45	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	117,550	58,340	59,215	1,155	555	600
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,495	8,455	9,035	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	18,440	9,325	9,120	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	81,615	40,565	41,055	1,135	545	590
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,395	5,840	6,555	0	10	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	6,500	3,270	3,230	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,760	1,755	1,005	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,740	1,515	2,225	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,975	1,565	2,410	10	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,810	955	860	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	110	60	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	117,555	58,340	59,215	1,160	560	600
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,360	755	610	15	0	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,285	725	560	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	645	360	290	0	0	0
Métis	580	340	245	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	20	35	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	116,195	57,590	58,605	1,140	555	585
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	117,555	58,340	59,215	1,160	560	600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	380	210	170	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	117,175	58,130	59,050	1,145	555	590
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	117,555	58,340	59,210	1,155	560	600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	565	320	245	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	540	300	240	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	450	250	200	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	80	55	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,885	1,800	2,090	30	10	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,820	1,760	2,060	25	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,155	1,475	1,680	30	10	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	590	255	340	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	30	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	40	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	113,105	56,225	56,880	1,125	550	575
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	117,555	58,340	59,215	1,155	560	600
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	14,665	7,080	7,590	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,110	1,440	1,675	0	0	0
Chinese	1,160	470	685	0	0	0
Black	4,000	2,080	1,920	0	0	0
Filipino	1,175	515	660	0	0	0
Latin American	1,560	760	800	0	0	0
Arab	1,785	945	840	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	640	290	350	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	280	155	125	0	0	0
Korean	65	20	45	0	0	0
Japanese	100	50	55	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	290	130	160	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	490	225	265	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	102,890	51,265	51,630	1,155	555	600
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	117,550	58,340	59,210	1,155	555	600
North American Aboriginal origins	4,450	2,115	2,330	25	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,675	1,770	1,905	30	0	25
Inuit	115	45	75	0	0	0
Métis	750	360	390	0	0	0
Other North American origins	62,640	30,870	31,775	1,050	505	550
Acadian	525	235	290	90	40	55
American	1,120	560	560	0	0	0
Canadian	60,195	29,660	30,535	990	470	520
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Québécois	1,835	955	885	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	62,305	31,070	31,240	275	130	145
British Isles origins	25,000	12,405	12,600	50	15	35
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	10,155	5,135	5,020	0	10	0
Irish	13,180	6,375	6,810	30	10	20
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	8,755	4,355	4,395	40	10	30
Welsh	650	270	375	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,460	1,155	1,305	0	0	0
French origins	29,760	14,820	14,940	225	120	110
Alsatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	120	65	50	0	0	0
Corsican	15	15	0	0	0	0
French	29,685	14,780	14,910	225	115	110
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,815	3,870	3,945	10	0	10
Austrian	550	260	290	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,125	575	550	0	0	0
Dutch	1,170	550	620	0	10	0
Flemish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,915	2,440	2,475	10	0	10
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	615	305	315	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,175	570	605	10	0	10
Danish	345	155	195	10	0	10
Finnish	150	75	70	0	0	0
Icelandic	75	35	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	180	165	0	0	0
Swedish	245	125	115	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	8,635	4,255	4,380	0	0	10
Bulgarian	160	90	70	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Czech	150	55	95	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	55	55	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,135	580	555	0	0	0
Latvian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	160	70	90	0	0	0
Moldovan	100	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,990	1,455	1,535	0	0	0
Romanian	1,655	835	820	0	0	0
Russian	1,605	825	780	0	0	0
Slovak	235	100	135	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,740	845	900	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	12,445	6,405	6,040	10	10	0
Albanian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	245	120	120	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	1,540	800	740	0	0	0
Italian	7,780	4,035	3,745	10	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	80	40	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,425	745	680	0	0	0
Serbian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	120	35	85	0	0	0
Spanish	1,785	845	935	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	105	30	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	770	385	385	0	0	0
Basque	45	25	20	0	0	0
Jewish	520	285	230	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	195	70	120	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	3,035	1,480	1,555	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	265	155	115	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	130	70	60	0	0	0
Dominican	130	35	95	0	0	0
Grenadian	95	40	60	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	1,245	575	665	0	0	0
Jamaican	455	235	220	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	15	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	405	140	260	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	75	65	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	230	150	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	50	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,460	1,195	1,260	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	35	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Chilean	200	90	115	0	0	0
Colombian	405	195	215	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	125	35	90	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	40	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	175	95	85	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	40	15	20	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	495	250	245	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	295	150	145	0	0	0
Salvadorean	170	80	90	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	150	65	85	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	100	50	55	0	0	0
African origins	4,150	2,190	1,960	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,010	540	475	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	115	45	75	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	305	165	145	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gabonese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	140	90	55	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	80	45	30	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	115	60	60	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	45	35	10	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	2,350	1,235	1,115	0	0	0
Algerian	385	200	185	0	0	0
Berber	335	185	155	0	0	0
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	910	490	420	0	0	0
Libyan	25	15	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	640	310	330	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	145	70	70	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	395	195	205	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	150	65	90	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Seychellois	35	15	20	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	545	290	250	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	490	265	225	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,060	4,805	5,250	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,015	1,610	1,405	0	0	0
Afghan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	445	230	215	0	0	0
Armenian	355	185	170	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	330	175	155	0	0	0
Iraqi	60	35	25	0	0	0
Israeli	100	60	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurd	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,175	615	560	0	0	0
Palestinian	165	90	80	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	260	125	135	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	130	70	55	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	15	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,420	1,615	1,800	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	65	25	40	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,070	990	1,075	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	570	265	305	0	0	0
Punjabi	115	65	50	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	620	295	320	0	0	0
Tamil	65	15	50	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	85	40	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,725	1,640	2,085	0	0	0
Burmese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	115	45	70	0	0	0
Chinese	1,560	610	945	0	0	0
Filipino	1,350	620	725	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	160	75	80	0	0	0
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	25	55	0	0	0
Laotian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Thai	55	20	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	420	220	205	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	100	35	60	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	95	35	65	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	25	25	0	0	0
Australian	50	30	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
Owner	37,825	...	...	470	...	...
Renter	7,650	...	...	90	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,475	...	...	565	...	...
Condominium	4,765	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	40,705	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,555	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,800	...	...	205	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,635	...	...	200	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,435	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,825	...	...	140	...	...
5 rooms	6,225	...	...	105	...	...
6 rooms	6,290	...	...	80	...	...
7 rooms	7,075	...	...	85	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,055	...	...	150	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,170	...	...	565	...	...
More than 1 person per room	305	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
Suitable	44,380	...	...	550	...	...
Not suitable	1,090	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
1960 or before	5,800	...	...	165	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,360	...	...	190	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,970	...	...	115	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,560	...	...	70	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,945	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,070	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,770	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,475	...	...	560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,260	...	...	495	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,210	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,470	...	...	565	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,905	...	...	345	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,995	...	...	215	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	575	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,470	...	...	565	...	...
15 to 24 years	650	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,140	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,420	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,320	...	...	95	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,350	...	...	145	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,270	...	...	135	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,705	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	615	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,295	...	...	555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	37,375	...	...	480	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,915	...	...	80	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,125	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,715	...	...	470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	71.1	...	...	51.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.0	...	...	12.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,246	...	...	463	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,282	...	...	613	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,826	...	...	85,477	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	338,408	...	...	102,203	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,645	...	...	85	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	4.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.8	...	...	23.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	793	...	...	548	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	858	...	...	772	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	94,180	46,285	47,895	1,020	470	550
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,930	7,420	6,510	350	185	170
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,610	11,395	12,210	190	75	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,640	27,465	29,175	485	205	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,780	8,615	5,165	130	80	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,880	5,545	4,330	70	25	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,905	3,070	835	65	50	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,735	8,715	11,015	190	60	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,130	1,390	1,745	15	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,995	8,745	11,250	140	65	80
Bachelor's degree	14,010	6,000	8,010	115	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,615	665	950	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	380	155	225	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,410	1,560	1,855	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	585	365	215	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	64,990	31,850	33,145	620	290	335
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,710	3,305	2,395	130	85	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,185	6,970	7,220	145	65	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,100	21,575	23,525	350	140	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,740	6,625	4,120	85	45	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,715	4,245	3,475	45	10	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,025	2,380	645	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,765	6,595	8,170	140	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,410	1,050	1,360	15	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,180	7,305	9,875	105	45	65
Bachelor's degree	12,155	5,115	7,040	80	35	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,350	550	800	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	335	120	210	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,880	1,235	1,655	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	455	285	170	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	94,180	46,285	47,900	1,025	470	550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	37,540	18,815	18,720	535	265	270
Education	3,430	630	2,800	60	25	35
13. Education	3,430	630	2,795	60	20	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,435	960	1,475	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	250	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,125	715	1,405	0	0	0
Humanities	3,090	1,115	1,975	25	10	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	530	80	445	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	285	70	215	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,615	635	980	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	65	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	40	35	10	10	0
54. History	260	165	100	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	210	55	155	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,020	1,840	4,175	20	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	670	155	515	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,240	80	1,155	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	720	245	480	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	15	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	870	145	720	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,400	1,190	1,210	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,835	5,000	8,830	110	20	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	505	75	435	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,315	4,925	8,395	100	25	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,695	1,480	1,220	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	940	415	525	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	555	335	225	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	220	95	125	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	880	600	285	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	45	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,410	1,665	740	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,060	1,530	530	15	10	0
25. Library science	170	25	145	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	175	105	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,165	11,115	1,050	135	125	10
04. Architecture and related services	325	180	140	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,655	2,195	455	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,820	2,580	245	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,960	1,910	50	40	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,015	2,910	105	45	45	0
48. Precision production	1,400	1,345	60	45	35	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	870	490	380	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	655	350	310	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	140	70	0	10	0
Health and related fields	5,725	1,030	4,695	65	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	410	215	190	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,220	760	4,460	65	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	55	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,970	2,135	1,835	50	10	45
12. Personal and culinary services	2,025	505	1,520	40	0	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	880	690	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,030	910	120	0	0	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	64,995	31,850	33,140	625	290	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,895	10,280	9,615	270	145	125
Education	2,450	370	2,080	30	10	20
13. Education	2,455	370	2,080	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,845	680	1,160	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	220	165	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,630	515	1,105	0	0	0
Humanities	2,095	725	1,370	25	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	440	60	380	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	225	55	170	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	950	375	575	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	25	0	0	0
54. History	190	125	65	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	160	35	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,880	1,415	3,465	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	565	130	435	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,055	65	990	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	605	175	435	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	690	90	600	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,865	935	935	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,385	4,060	7,325	85	15	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	450	60	385	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,925	4,000	6,925	80	15	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,055	1,110	950	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	860	370	490	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	305	175	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	35	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	750	490	260	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	40	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,150	1,505	650	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,875	1,405	470	15	0	10
25. Library science	135	15	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	80	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,785	8,835	955	85	85	0
04. Architecture and related services	265	145	115	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,335	1,905	435	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	2,055	225	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,485	1,445	40	20	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,410	2,320	90	35	35	0
48. Precision production	1,005	965	45	30	25	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	390	315	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	520	270	250	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	125	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,550	805	3,750	50	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	310	160	150	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,170	600	3,565	55	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	45	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,195	1,675	1,515	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,635	375	1,265	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	685	535	150	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	855	750	105	10	0	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	94,180	46,285	47,895	1,020	475	555
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,540	18,820	18,725	535	265	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	56,640	27,465	29,180	485	205	280
Location of study inside Canada	50,775	24,490	26,285	485	205	280
Same as province or territory of residence	47,435	22,825	24,605	420	160	255
Different than province or territory of residence	3,340	1,660	1,680	65	45	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,870	2,980	2,890	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	655	390	270	0	0	0
Philippines	315	115	200	0	0	0
India	250	130	125	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	540	325	210	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	175	80	100	0	0	0
France	545	275	270	0	0	0
Other	3,380	1,665	1,715	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	64,995	31,855	33,145	620	290	335
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,890	10,275	9,615	270	150	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,100	21,575	23,525	350	140	210
Location of study inside Canada	40,420	19,280	21,135	350	140	210
Same as province or territory of residence	37,700	17,935	19,760	300	115	185
Different than province or territory of residence	2,725	1,345	1,375	45	25	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,680	2,290	2,390	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	475	260	215	0	0	0
Philippines	235	90	150	0	0	0
India	190	100	90	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	185	140	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	175	75	100	0	0	0
France	435	230	205	0	0	0
Other	2,850	1,355	1,490	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	94,180	46,285	47,900	1,025	470	550
In the labour force	67,085	34,570	32,515	575	285	295
Employed	63,415	32,685	30,735	470	220	250
Unemployed	3,670	1,885	1,790	105	60	45
Not in the labour force	27,095	11,715	15,380	445	190	255
Participation rate	71.2	74.7	67.9	56.1	60.6	53.6
Employment rate	67.3	70.6	64.2	45.9	46.8	45.5
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.5	5.5	18.3	21.1	15.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	94,180	46,280	47,900	1,020	475	550
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,055	10,675	14,380	410	180	230
Worked	69,130	35,610	33,515	615	290	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	36,560	20,105	16,455	245	100	145
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,565	15,505	17,065	370	190	185
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.1	43.4	35.3	34.1	36.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	67,085	34,565	32,515	575	280	295
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	480	550	20	0	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	66,060	34,090	31,970	560	275	280
Employee	57,595	28,840	28,760	520	255	265
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	8,460	5,255	3,210	40	20	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	67,090	34,565	32,520	575	285	295
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,030	480	545	15	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	66,060	34,090	31,970	560	280	285
0 Management occupations	8,880	5,560	3,325	25	10	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,475	3,655	7,820	70	20	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,405	4,180	1,225	25	15	0
3 Health occupations	3,800	590	3,210	40	15	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,910	1,665	5,245	60	10	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,955	755	1,200	25	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	15,455	7,035	8,420	125	50	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,715	8,185	530	120	110	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	880	695	185	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,585	1,775	810	55	25	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	67,090	34,570	32,515	575	280	295
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	480	550	20	10	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	66,060	34,090	31,970	560	275	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	605	410	190	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	85	45	20	10	10
22 Utilities	375	255	120	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,585	3,025	560	70	65	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,115	5,405	2,710	70	30	40
41 Wholesale trade	4,930	2,940	1,985	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	8,180	4,005	4,175	110	55	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,220	3,635	1,585	15	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,555	900	655	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,235	930	1,310	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,040	590	450	10	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,390	2,765	2,620	15	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	100	25	70	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,715	1,595	1,120	10	10	0
61 Educational services	4,530	1,135	3,395	35	15	25
62 Health care and social assistance	6,760	1,070	5,690	80	15	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,325	720	600	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,770	1,730	2,045	25	0	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,675	1,245	1,425	25	15	15
91 Public administration	2,840	1,625	1,220	20	0	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	63,415	32,680	30,730	470	220	250
Worked at home	5,255	2,635	2,615	20	0	20
Worked outside Canada	180	130	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,945	4,480	1,460	50	45	10
Worked at usual place	52,035	25,435	26,605	400	175	225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	52,035	25,435	26,600	400	180	220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,465	3,610	4,850	35	20	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,995	4,180	5,810	350	140	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	32,895	17,280	15,610	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	685	360	330	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	57,980	29,920	28,065	450	220	235
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50,060	26,530	23,525	395	175	225
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,425	735	1,690	30	20	10
Public transit	3,250	1,455	1,795	0	10	0
Walked	1,335	625	710	10	0	0
Bicycle	370	295	75	0	0	0
Other method	540	280	260	15	15	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	57,980	29,915	28,065	450	220	230
Less than 15 minutes	11,205	4,865	6,340	175	80	95
15 to 29 minutes	17,230	8,385	8,845	180	80	100
30 to 44 minutes	14,750	8,590	6,160	55	30	30
45 to 59 minutes	7,140	4,050	3,090	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	7,660	4,025	3,635	25	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	57,985	29,915	28,070	455	220	235
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,970	3,605	1,370	30	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,325	7,925	5,405	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,400	7,515	8,885	175	85	90
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,785	4,055	5,735	80	15	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,835	2,400	3,435	35	10	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,660	4,415	3,245	75	55	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70,820	36,385	34,440	630	300	325
Single responses	61,350	31,675	29,675	620	295	325
Official languages	61,160	31,585	29,580	620	295	325
English	21,790	11,240	10,555	65	55	0
French	39,375	20,345	19,030	550	235	315
Non-official languages	190	95	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	65	50	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	9,475	4,710	4,765	10	0	0
English and French	9,190	4,540	4,645	10	0	10
English and non-official language	115	85	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	150	70	80	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	70,825	36,385	34,440	630	300	330
None	33,465	17,275	16,190	410	185	230
English	22,795	11,835	10,965	160	70	95
French	13,805	6,905	6,910	55	40	10
Non-official language	470	255	215	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	465	255	205	0	0	0
English and French	30	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	65	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	130	45	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	116,220	57,605	58,610	1,155	555	600
Non-movers	105,595	52,435	53,165	1,060	515	545
Movers	10,625	5,175	5,450	100	45	55
Non-migrants	3,550	1,710	1,845	45	25	20
Migrants	7,070	3,465	3,600	55	20	35
Internal migrants	6,760	3,295	3,470	55	20	35
Intraprovincial migrants	6,395	3,110	3,285	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	365	185	185	30	15	15
External migrants	305	175	135	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	110,555	54,660	55,900	1,115	535	580
Non-movers	75,155	37,550	37,605	865	415	450
Movers	35,405	17,105	18,300	245	115	135
Non-migrants	12,015	5,800	6,215	95	45	50
Migrants	23,385	11,310	12,080	155	75	80
Internal migrants	21,960	10,630	11,335	155	70	85
Intraprovincial migrants	20,680	10,025	10,655	105	45	55
Interprovincial migrants	1,280	600	680	50	30	25
External migrants	1,430	680	750	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bertrand, VL [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bertrand, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bertrand, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaudreuil--Soulanges [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Bertrand, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick