Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Richmond [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Trois-Rivières Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Richmond Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,515	...	...	4,055	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,779 ^r	...	...	3,854^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.6	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	57,760	...	...	1,510	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	53,465	...	...	1,474	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	880.9	...	...	966.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	125.46	...	...	4.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,515	52,710	57,800	4,055	2,005	2,050
0 to 14 years	14,380	7,475	6,900	845	410	435
0 to 4 years	4,735	2,460	2,280	245	115	130
5 to 9 years	5,010	2,625	2,385	340	165	170
10 to 14 years	4,625	2,395	2,230	260	135	130
15 to 64 years	69,410	34,045	35,365	2,570	1,280	1,290
15 to 19 years	5,335	2,670	2,665	235	140	100
20 to 24 years	7,690	3,745	3,950	200	115	80
25 to 29 years	6,745	3,430	3,320	145	70	80
30 to 34 years	6,205	3,165	3,045	175	90	90
35 to 39 years	6,185	3,165	3,015	320	145	175
40 to 44 years	5,390	2,660	2,730	335	165	170
45 to 49 years	5,925	2,895	3,035	275	150	125
50 to 54 years	8,105	3,845	4,260	340	160	180
55 to 59 years	9,215	4,395	4,815	290	130	165
60 to 64 years	8,620	4,080	4,535	250	125	125
65 years and over	26,730	11,190	15,540	640	320	320
65 to 69 years	7,810	3,655	4,155	220	100	120
70 to 74 years	6,530	2,950	3,585	200	95	105
75 to 79 years	4,760	1,980	2,780	110	65	45
80 to 84 years	3,715	1,445	2,275	55	30	25
85 years and over	3,910	1,155	2,755	55	25	30
85 to 89 years	2,560	860	1,700	45	20	25
90 to 94 years	1,070	250	815	10	5	0
95 to 99 years	240	40	200	5	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.0	14.2	11.9	20.8	20.4	21.2
15 to 64 years	62.8	64.6	61.2	63.4	63.8	62.9
65 years and over	24.2	21.2	26.9	15.8	16.0	15.6
85 years and over	3.5	2.2	4.8	1.4	1.2	1.5
Average age of the population	45.4	43.6	47.1	39.8	39.6	40.1
Median age of the population	47.9	45.1	50.3	41.6	41.4	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	53,465	...	...	1,475	...	...
Single-detached house	19,395	...	...	1,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,070	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	32,985	...	...	170	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,910	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	1,645	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,695	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	22,470	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	260	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	53,465	...	...	1,475	...	...
1 person	22,215	...	...	245	...	...
2 persons	19,235	...	...	535	...	...
3 persons	5,890	...	...	245	...	...
4 persons	4,310	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	1,815	...	...	140	...	...
Number of persons in private households	105,450	...	...	4,035	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	96,135	45,235	50,900	3,210	1,595	1,615
Married or living common law	48,910	24,450	24,455	2,185	1,085	1,100
Married	26,675	13,360	13,310	1,910	950	960
Living common law	22,235	11,090	11,145	275	135	140
Not married and not living common law	47,230	20,785	26,450	1,025	515	515
Never married	30,165	15,530	14,640	665	380	285
Separated	1,390	620	770	85	50	35
Divorced	8,595	3,230	5,370	135	50	85
Widowed	7,075	1,405	5,670	140	35	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,280	...	...	1,235	...	...
2 persons	18,190	...	...	570	...	...
3 persons	5,420	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	4,120	...	...	290	...	...
5 or more persons	1,545	...	...	120	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,280	...	...	1,235	...	...
Total couple families	23,720	...	...	1,085	...	...
Married couples	12,670	...	...	950	...	...
Common-law couples	11,050	...	...	135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,560	...	...	145	...	...
Female parent	4,275	...	...	100	...	...
Male parent	1,290	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,720	...	...	1,090	...	...
Couples without children	14,575	...	...	480	...	...
Couples with children	9,145	...	...	605	...	...
1 child	3,900	...	...	210	...	...
2 children	3,790	...	...	285	...	...
3 or more children	1,450	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,560	...	...	150	...	...
1 child	3,610	...	...	90	...	...
2 children	1,525	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	425	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	28,075	13,070	15,005	345	150	190
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	53,465	...	...	1,475	...	...
One-census-family households	28,935	...	...	1,180	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,440	...	...	455	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,495	...	...	725	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	170	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	24,355	...	...	265	...	...
One-person households	22,215	...	...	245	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,145	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,980	52,095	56,890	4,055	2,005	2,050
English only	185	95	85	3,035	1,550	1,485
French only	74,210	32,815	41,395	0	5	0
English and French	34,360	19,080	15,275	1,015	455	560
Neither English nor French	230	100	135	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,985	52,095	56,890	4,055	2,005	2,050
English	1,370	675	695	3,800	1,890	1,910
French	106,815	51,005	55,810	240	110	130
English and French	575	320	255	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	225	100	130	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,655	835	825	245	115	135
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.6	1.5	6.0	5.7	6.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,985	52,095	56,890	4,055	2,010	2,045
Single responses	108,115	51,635	56,475	3,990	1,980	2,010
Official languages	105,005	50,080	54,925	3,845	1,905	1,935
English	1,250	600	650	3,605	1,795	1,810
French	103,755	49,480	54,270	235	110	125
Non-official languages	3,110	1,555	1,555	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	145	60	80	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,960	1,490	1,470	145	75	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	695	390	305	10	5	5
Berber languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	645	360	280	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	640	360	275	10	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	45	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	5	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,425	675	750	110	60	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	65	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	60	15	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	10	0	5
Russian	35	15	20	5	0	5
Serbian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	35	45	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	20	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	40	20	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,150	530	615	40	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	20	10	15
Portuguese	95	45	45	5	5	5
Romanian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Spanish	970	450	525	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	365	195	165	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	60	65	0	0	0
Wolof	25	20	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	50	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	70	85	5	0	5
Chinese languages	155	65	85	0	5	0
Cantonese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	40	60	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	870	460	415	65	25	35
English and French	500	265	240	45	20	25
English and non-official language	20	10	10	20	5	10
French and non-official language	335	175	160	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,985	52,090	56,890	4,055	2,010	2,050
Single responses	107,760	51,455	56,300	4,020	1,990	2,035
Official languages	106,200	50,710	55,490	3,985	1,970	2,015
English	835	405	425	3,905	1,940	1,970
French	105,370	50,300	55,060	75	35	40
Non-official languages	1,560	750	810	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Atikamekw	90	45	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,470	700	765	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	120	120	5	0	5
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	115	110	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	110	110	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	870	410	460	20	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	5	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	750	345	400	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Portuguese	60	25	30	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	670	305	365	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	50	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	60	5	0	0
Chinese languages	120	55	60	0	5	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	45	45	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,225	635	590	35	20	15
English and French	440	230	205	25	10	10
English and non-official language	40	20	20	10	10	5
French and non-official language	680	350	335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	35	35	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,985	52,095	56,890	4,055	2,005	2,045
None	102,425	48,610	53,815	3,725	1,855	1,870
English	3,950	2,180	1,770	70	30	35
French	1,250	595	655	185	80	105
Non-official language	1,165	610	555	70	30	35
Aboriginal	50	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,115	585	525	70	30	35
English and French	55	25	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	70	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,085	43,555	47,535	3,185	1,585	1,600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,615	42,460	46,160	3,085	1,525	1,565
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,436	34,865	24,759	49,073	58,496	42,035
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,655	42,465	46,190	3,085	1,525	1,565
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,799	31,097	23,207	42,298	49,835	36,907
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,335	37,695	38,645	2,935	1,470	1,460
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,720	32,201	21,735	46,221	55,125	39,104
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,220	32,960	39,260	2,060	915	1,145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,440	7,865	8,868	4,640	3,312	5,008
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,010	29,740	28,265	2,395	1,225	1,165
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,636	31,340	24,279	49,024	57,408	43,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,150	43,580	47,575	3,170	1,580	1,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,565	42,455	46,105	3,055	1,525	1,535
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,113	44,389	32,334	58,087	66,248	49,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,590	42,460	46,125	3,060	1,525	1,535
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,022	36,581	27,825	47,186	53,197	41,222
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,435	37,780	38,655	2,870	1,450	1,420
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,690	42,509	29,025	56,800	65,496	47,909
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,265	33,125	39,140	2,065	935	1,125
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,961	8,413	9,425	6,979	6,330	7,519
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,110	29,840	28,265	2,385	1,235	1,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,707	40,101	31,067	58,136	64,650	51,093
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,155	43,580	47,575	3,165	1,580	1,590
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,275	13,145	11,130	1,370	735	640
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,145	49,004	40,145	69,157	76,164	62,572
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,688	56,954	45,472	75,237	83,260	65,984
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	85.3	75.2	91.7	94.0	88.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.5	63.9	58.5	76.2	77.1	74.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.7	24.8	8.4	6.3	11.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,090	43,555	47,535	3,190	1,585	1,600
Without total income	2,470	1,095	1,375	100	60	40
With total income	88,615	42,460	46,160	3,090	1,525	1,560
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.5	97.1	96.9	96.2	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,585	4,520	6,060	320	135	185
$10,000 to $19,999	19,690	7,375	12,315	355	130	225
$20,000 to $29,999	14,765	6,390	8,375	280	100	180
$30,000 to $39,999	11,970	5,880	6,090	295	130	165
$40,000 to $49,999	9,965	4,980	4,990	320	150	170
$50,000 to $59,999	6,685	3,715	2,970	265	120	145
$60,000 to $69,999	4,340	2,545	1,795	255	145	110
$70,000 to $79,999	3,305	1,965	1,345	235	130	105
$80,000 to $89,999	2,065	1,220	845	170	90	80
$90,000 to $99,999	1,370	950	420	150	85	65
$100,000 and over	3,870	2,925	945	430	295	135
$100,000 to $149,999	2,765	2,070	700	320	210	110
$150,000 and over	1,110	860	245	110	85	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,090	43,555	47,535	3,185	1,580	1,605
Without after-tax income	2,430	1,090	1,340	100	60	40
With after-tax income	88,650	42,465	46,190	3,085	1,520	1,565
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.5	97.2	96.9	96.2	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,180	4,605	6,580	345	140	205
$10,000 to $19,999	20,485	7,775	12,715	355	125	225
$20,000 to $29,999	17,745	8,015	9,735	345	125	215
$30,000 to $39,999	14,920	7,455	7,465	400	195	205
$40,000 to $49,999	9,845	5,355	4,495	385	170	210
$50,000 to $59,999	5,675	3,325	2,350	340	190	150
$60,000 to $69,999	3,550	2,115	1,435	260	145	115
$70,000 to $79,999	1,930	1,335	595	230	140	90
$80,000 and over	3,310	2,495	815	435	290	145
$80,000 to $89,999	1,145	845	305	175	95	80
$90,000 to $99,999	675	515	165	90	65	20
$100,000 and over	1,490	1,135	350	170	130	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,085	43,555	47,535	3,185	1,585	1,600
Without employment income	33,080	13,810	19,270	790	355	430
With employment income	58,005	29,745	28,265	2,395	1,225	1,165
Percentage with employment income	63.7	68.3	59.5	75.2	77.3	72.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,350	4,410	3,940	255	140	120
$5,000 to $9,999	4,930	2,115	2,815	160	65	95
$10,000 to $19,999	9,540	4,145	5,390	230	110	120
$20,000 to $29,999	7,945	3,670	4,275	170	65	105
$30,000 to $39,999	7,275	3,570	3,705	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	5,510	2,795	2,715	200	90	115
$50,000 to $59,999	4,030	2,270	1,760	170	70	105
$60,000 to $69,999	2,765	1,575	1,190	205	105	95
$70,000 to $79,999	2,540	1,450	1,090	165	80	85
$80,000 and over	5,115	3,745	1,375	645	410	230
$80,000 to $89,999	1,355	860	495	140	80	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	735	295	155	80	75
$100,000 and over	2,730	2,145	585	340	250	95
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	53,465	...	...	1,475	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	47,490	...	...	107,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,490	...	...	90,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	22,215	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,855	...	...	43,136	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,348	...	...	38,784	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,250	...	...	1,230	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,027	...	...	122,222	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,256	...	...	102,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	53,505	...	...	1,465	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,090	...	...	121,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,021	...	...	98,668	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	22,225	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,253	...	...	48,117	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,643	...	...	40,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,275	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,296	...	...	134,702	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,347	...	...	109,416	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	53,465	...	...	1,470	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,330	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,970	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,085	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,585	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,950	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,530	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,140	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,080	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,770	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,745	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,500	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,065	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,280	...	...	795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,645	...	...	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,205	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,095	...	...	230	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	53,465	...	...	1,475	...	...
Under $5,000	675	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,340	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,000	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,305	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,025	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,570	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,140	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,925	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,475	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,075	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,055	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,880	...	...	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,125	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,310	...	...	120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,810	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,745	...	...	635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,875	...	...	240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,390	...	...	170	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,485	...	...	225	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,590	...	...	1,215	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,418	...	...	121,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,280	...	...	100,864	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,275	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,533	...	...	99,499	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,229	...	...	83,712	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,180	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,736	...	...	150,869	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,456	...	...	124,160	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,470	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,182	...	...	80,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,959	...	...	69,504	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,570	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,827	...	...	134,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,430	...	...	108,905	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,255	...	...	435	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,898	...	...	111,427	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,145	...	...	90,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,205	...	...	605	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,689	...	...	166,569	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,178	...	...	133,653	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,460	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,883	...	...	72,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,811	...	...	62,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,385	12,320	14,065	305	140	165
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,113	26,157	22,945	42,624	50,304	41,984
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,049	24,322	22,215	38,080	43,648	36,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,495	12,325	14,170	305	135	170
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,612	33,248	30,189	46,675	52,037	42,457
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,348	28,287	26,531	39,528	43,402	36,480
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	105,450	51,025	54,430	4,030	1,995	2,040
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,330	31,640	35,685	1,005	475	535
In the bottom decile	13,635	6,520	7,120	85	40	50
In the second decile	14,705	6,265	8,435	145	65	80
In the third decile	14,020	6,675	7,345	175	75	95
In the fourth decile	13,105	6,380	6,725	265	135	130
In the fifth decile	11,865	5,800	6,065	340	155	185
In the top half of the distribution	38,125	19,385	18,740	3,025	1,525	1,505
In the sixth decile	10,375	5,195	5,180	420	215	205
In the seventh decile	9,290	4,700	4,585	500	250	250
In the eighth decile	7,695	3,880	3,815	675	340	335
In the ninth decile	5,980	3,105	2,875	800	400	400
In the top decile	4,785	2,500	2,280	625	310	315
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	105,445	51,020	54,430	4,035	1,990	2,040
0 to 17 years	17,250	8,950	8,300	975	490	490
0 to 5 years	5,755	3,000	2,750	320	145	175
18 to 64 years	65,795	32,095	33,700	2,430	1,195	1,240
65 years and over	22,405	9,975	12,425	620	310	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,105	9,450	11,655	170	80	90
0 to 17 years	3,455	1,820	1,635	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	1,175	645	535	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	12,755	6,005	6,750	105	45	55
65 years and over	4,890	1,625	3,270	35	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.0	18.5	21.4	4.2	4.0	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	20.3	19.7	3.1	4.1	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.4	21.5	19.5	3.1	3.4	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	19.4	18.7	20.0	4.3	3.8	4.4
65 years and over (%)	21.8	16.3	26.3	5.6	4.8	4.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,355	5,605	5,750	65	30	30
0 to 17 years	1,820	975	845	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	625	370	260	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	8,915	4,385	4,535	50	25	25
65 years and over	620	240	375	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.8	11.0	10.6	1.6	1.5	1.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.9	10.2	1.0	2.0	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	12.3	9.5	3.1	3.4	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.5	13.7	13.5	2.1	2.1	2.0
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.4	3.0	0.0	0.0	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,030	1,990	2,040
Official languages	105,350	51,005	54,345	4,025	1,985	2,035
English	34,005	18,940	15,065	4,010	1,990	2,020
French	105,220	50,920	54,300	1,060	495	565
Non-official languages	6,845	3,250	3,595	210	125	90
Aboriginal languages	220	90	130	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	225	90	130	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	220	95	130	0	0	0
Atikamekw	220	90	130	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,625	3,160	3,470	215	125	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	945	560	385	0	0	0
Berber languages	95	60	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	905	530	370	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	895	525	370	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	60	45	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	45	25	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	25	10	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	170	95	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	145	90	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	1,995	2,505	180	110	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	210	95	115	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	100	115	20	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	125	65	55	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	275	140	130	65	45	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	10	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	230	125	100	35	30	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	50	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	30	45	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	20	10	10	10
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,965	1,720	2,245	95	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	310	155	150	45	15	25
Portuguese	180	100	80	10	10	0
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	3,600	1,535	2,065	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	500	285	215	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	35	30	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	75	40	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	55	70	0	0	0
Wolof	60	50	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	195	100	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	35	110	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	105	25	75	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	115	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	240	110	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	85	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,030	1,990	2,040
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	103,175	49,765	53,410	3,985	1,955	2,030
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,835	8,685	8,145	1,000	490	515
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	86,345	41,075	45,265	2,980	1,465	1,510
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,370	1,315	1,060	45	35	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,025	1,990	2,040
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	100,725	48,560	52,165	3,745	1,835	1,910
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,130	2,105	2,025	275	145	130
Before 1981	530	290	240	195	105	85
1981 to 1990	250	125	125	45	20	20
1991 to 2000	490	250	230	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,645	775	875	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	590	245	345	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,055	530	520	10	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,220	660	560	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	695	420	275	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,130	2,100	2,025	275	150	130
Under 5 years	595	235	360	45	20	25
5 to 14 years	750	375	375	55	30	30
15 to 24 years	700	350	350	75	50	30
25 to 44 years	1,880	1,020	860	85	45	45
45 years and over	200	120	85	0	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,135	2,100	2,030	275	145	130
Americas	1,300	600	700	45	20	20
Brazil	60	30	35	0	0	0
Colombia	560	230	330	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	105	30	75	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	85	40	45	10	0	10
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	155	85	70	20	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	295	170	130	0	0	10
Europe	1,000	515	490	195	110	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	40	25	15	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	15	10	0
France	510	265	240	0	0	0
Germany	45	25	25	10	10	0
Greece	50	40	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	10	20	0	15
Netherlands	0	0	10	15	10	0
Poland	10	0	0	10	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	45	15	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	0	95	55	45
Other places of birth in Europe	195	90	105	25	10	10
Africa	1,255	735	520	10	0	10
Algeria	165	105	55	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	265	145	120	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	815	475	340	0	0	10
Asia	580	260	320	20	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	195	60	140	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	40	20	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	75	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,220	660	555	10	0	0
Americas	285	125	160	10	10	0
Brazil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	140	55	85	0	0	0
Cuba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	0	0	0
Europe	180	100	80	0	0	0
France	125	85	40	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	555	340	215	0	0	0
Algeria	45	35	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	60	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	20	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	55	45	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	120	60	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	110	55	0	0	0
Asia	200	95	105	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,030	1,990	2,040
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,065	2,655	2,410	300	155	150
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,340	1,635	1,705	535	275	260
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	97,150	46,795	50,355	3,190	1,560	1,630
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,660	1,845	1,820	90	45	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,650	910	740	55	25	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	775	510	265	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	875	395	475	45	20	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	960	415	545	20	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,025	505	520	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,030	1,990	2,040
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,470	675	795	105	50	60
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,400	635	765	105	45	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	830	355	475	50	20	35
Métis	550	270	285	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	35	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,080	50,405	53,675	3,925	1,940	1,980
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,550	51,080	54,465	4,025	1,990	2,040
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	620	260	355	20	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,930	50,815	54,115	4,010	1,980	2,030
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,550	51,080	54,470	4,030	1,990	2,040
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	980	440	540	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	975	445	530	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	890	410	480	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	85	35	50	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,000	1,420	1,580	240	110	130
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,925	1,385	1,540	240	115	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,590	1,220	1,370	185	70	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	160	150	50	40	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	35	40	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	35	35	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,575	49,220	52,350	3,790	1,875	1,910
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,545	51,080	54,470	4,025	1,990	2,040
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,275	2,230	2,045	115	50	65
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	130	60	70	50	25	25
Chinese	285	95	190	0	0	0
Black	1,720	940	785	20	0	15
Filipino	30	20	10	10	0	0
Latin American	1,045	500	540	35	15	20
Arab	740	425	310	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	100	70	0	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	101,275	48,855	52,420	3,910	1,935	1,975
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,545	51,080	54,465	4,030	1,990	2,040
North American Aboriginal origins	3,975	1,865	2,115	240	110	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,560	1,660	1,900	190	75	115
Inuit	35	10	25	0	0	0
Métis	465	225	240	55	35	20
Other North American origins	81,035	38,765	42,275	1,685	860	830
Acadian	650	290	355	25	20	0
American	460	215	245	45	30	20
Canadian	78,500	37,530	40,975	1,620	820	800
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,510	1,220	1,290	15	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	34,030	16,790	17,240	3,250	1,595	1,655
British Isles origins	6,915	3,380	3,535	2,600	1,245	1,350
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,585	830	755	1,335	655	675
Irish	4,325	2,130	2,195	1,420	650	770
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,635	800	840	1,010	495	515
Welsh	35	20	15	85	50	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	40	70	195	85	110
French origins	27,470	13,475	13,995	850	410	430
Alsatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Breton	205	85	120	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	27,315	13,395	13,915	845	410	430
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,165	1,050	1,120	690	375	315
Austrian	80	45	30	20	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	420	190	235	10	0	10
Dutch	160	115	45	175	75	100
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,340	640	700	515	290	220
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	225	100	125	15	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	210	110	95	70	50	20
Danish	15	15	10	25	20	10
Finnish	20	0	25	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	100	55	50	25	20	0
Swedish	40	30	10	15	15	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	580	275	305	390	190	200
Bulgarian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	35	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	20	20	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	220	125	100	160	85	70
Romanian	45	25	15	45	20	30
Russian	85	45	40	25	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	145	50	90	155	75	85
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,915	970	945	325	120	210
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	220	110	110	10	0	0
Italian	1,010	505	505	255	80	175
Kosovar	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	100	80	40	20	20
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	485	240	250	15	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	85	55	30	10	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	20	15	10	10	10
Caribbean origins	515	215	300	20	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	40	45	0	0	0
Dominican	65	30	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	285	110	175	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,280	645	640	35	15	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chilean	55	35	20	0	0	0
Colombian	710	315	395	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	35	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	150	90	60	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	10	25	20	10	10
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	30	10	10	0	10
African origins	2,295	1,330	965	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	980	560	415	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroonian	185	105	85	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	260	155	110	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	85	60	30	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	60	50	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	140	65	70	0	0	0
North African origins	835	500	330	0	0	0
Algerian	190	105	85	0	0	0
Berber	125	80	45	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	370	205	165	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	155	100	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	185	110	80	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	0	30	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	320	175	145	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	315	175	145	10	0	0
Asian origins	1,265	640	625	90	40	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	590	340	250	20	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	190	95	95	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	40	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	90	70	15	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	40	45	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	40	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	95	20	75	45	30	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	80	20	65	20	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	590	285	305	30	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese	340	125	220	10	0	10
Filipino	15	20	0	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	70	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	0	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	0	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	53,505	...	...	1,460	...	...
Owner	27,450	...	...	1,295	...	...
Renter	26,055	...	...	165	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	53,500	...	...	1,465	...	...
Condominium	4,950	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	48,555	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	53,500	...	...	1,465	...	...
No bedrooms	250	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	9,380	...	...	60	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,645	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,910	...	...	725	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,310	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	53,505	...	...	1,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	21,000	...	...	120	...	...
5 rooms	10,325	...	...	110	...	...
6 rooms	5,435	...	...	200	...	...
7 rooms	5,315	...	...	230	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,425	...	...	805	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	53,505	...	...	1,465	...	...
One person or fewer per room	53,405	...	...	1,460	...	...
More than 1 person per room	95	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	53,500	...	...	1,465	...	...
Suitable	52,685	...	...	1,445	...	...
Not suitable	820	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	53,500	...	...	1,460	...	...
1960 or before	13,975	...	...	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,570	...	...	590	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,855	...	...	170	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,805	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,330	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,240	...	...	175	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,730	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	53,500	...	...	1,465	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	50,380	...	...	1,420	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,125	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	53,505	...	...	1,465	...	...
1 household maintainer	37,120	...	...	720	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,975	...	...	730	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	410	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	53,505	...	...	1,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,060	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,370	...	...	140	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,120	...	...	305	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,800	...	...	360	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,510	...	...	290	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,385	...	...	205	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,760	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	1,495	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	53,425	...	...	1,465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	42,230	...	...	1,270	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,195	...	...	195	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,230	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,435	...	...	1,295	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.9	...	...	64.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	9.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	1,527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	905	...	...	1,512	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,444	...	...	380,554	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	187,320	...	...	442,938	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,055	...	...	170	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.9	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.5	...	...	45.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	575	...	...	1,008	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	611	...	...	965	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,150	43,580	47,575	3,165	1,580	1,585
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,160	7,910	9,250	410	215	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,785	8,840	10,945	735	380	355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,210	26,830	27,380	2,020	980	1,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,145	9,885	6,255	225	165	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,725	6,425	5,300	130	90	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,415	3,460	955	95	75	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,705	7,635	10,065	950	450	505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,475	1,405	2,070	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,890	7,900	8,990	810	350	455
Bachelor's degree	11,360	5,140	6,215	605	260	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,160	550	600	45	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	655	390	265	10	10	0
Master's degree	3,030	1,390	1,635	145	65	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	690	425	265	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,835	27,350	28,485	2,140	1,035	1,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,930	3,575	3,350	135	70	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,875	4,825	5,055	370	190	180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,030	18,955	20,075	1,635	775	860
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,815	7,050	4,760	165	115	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,715	4,610	4,100	105	65	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,095	2,440	655	60	45	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,010	5,205	6,800	760	350	405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,155	920	1,235	35	20	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,060	5,775	7,285	680	290	390
Bachelor's degree	8,690	3,845	4,850	500	215	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	860	350	515	30	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	540	290	255	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,430	990	1,445	135	60	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	535	305	230	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,150	43,580	47,575	3,165	1,580	1,590
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,940	16,750	20,190	1,145	600	550
Education	4,760	1,250	3,510	100	10	95
13. Education	4,765	1,255	3,510	105	10	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,535	665	870	80	35	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	185	80	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,270	480	790	50	15	35
Humanities	2,765	1,245	1,520	90	35	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	345	90	255	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	60	25	30	30	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,350	620	735	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	120	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	115	75	10	0	10
54. History	175	125	50	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	460	145	310	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,495	1,415	3,075	310	135	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	40	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	600	270	330	20	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	40	855	60	10	50
22. Legal professions and studies	450	195	250	25	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	210	50	160	0	0	10
42. Psychology	1,520	390	1,125	60	20	35
45. Social sciences	720	425	295	140	85	55
Business, management and public administration	12,380	4,275	8,105	370	130	240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	725	170	560	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,645	4,100	7,545	330	130	205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,950	1,140	805	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	710	320	395	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	105	25	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	510	270	235	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	505	395	110	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	50	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,560	1,045	515	130	65	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,190	900	290	100	60	45
25. Library science	205	40	170	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	75	50	20	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,000	11,145	855	445	415	30
04. Architecture and related services	275	175	105	15	15	0
14. Engineering	1,605	1,365	235	95	80	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,590	2,380	210	140	130	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,485	2,415	70	50	45	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,720	2,610	110	100	100	0
48. Precision production	2,325	2,195	130	45	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,135	740	395	35	10	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	525	255	270	20	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	610	480	130	15	10	10
Health and related fields	7,600	1,755	5,850	275	60	220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	645	365	280	30	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,730	1,255	5,480	255	40	215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	225	135	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,025	2,155	1,875	135	65	70
12. Personal and culinary services	2,340	655	1,690	60	10	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	690	600	95	55	45	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	990	890	95	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,830	27,350	28,485	2,140	1,035	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,805	8,400	8,405	505	255	250
Education	2,790	710	2,080	80	10	75
13. Education	2,790	710	2,080	80	10	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,140	525	610	70	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	140	60	25	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	935	390	550	45	15	30
Humanities	1,595	670	925	80	35	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	250	55	195	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	25	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	710	345	360	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	75	35	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	45	25	10	0	0
54. History	115	75	35	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	300	55	245	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,510	1,125	2,385	250	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	35	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	225	280	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	25	620	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	360	160	205	25	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	35	110	10	0	10
42. Psychology	1,205	315	885	35	15	25
45. Social sciences	565	325	240	110	65	50
Business, management and public administration	9,350	3,015	6,335	305	115	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	505	105	400	35	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,845	2,910	5,935	265	110	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,155	655	505	30	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	550	230	315	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	60	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	90	50	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	385	290	100	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,325	895	430	120	60	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,070	800	270	95	55	45
25. Library science	160	25	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	20	20	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,500	7,780	720	330	305	35
04. Architecture and related services	215	120	95	15	10	0
14. Engineering	1,305	1,085	215	80	70	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,890	1,720	170	105	95	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,745	1,695	45	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,830	1,745	90	70	65	0
48. Precision production	1,515	1,415	105	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	570	345	35	10	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	435	210	220	20	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	480	360	125	15	10	10
Health and related fields	5,615	1,345	4,275	215	50	170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	480	255	225	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,955	1,000	3,960	195	35	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	180	90	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,140	1,670	1,475	120	55	60
12. Personal and culinary services	1,770	465	1,305	60	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	540	450	85	45	40	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	825	745	85	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,155	43,580	47,570	3,165	1,580	1,590
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,945	16,750	20,195	1,150	600	550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	54,215	26,830	27,380	2,020	980	1,040
Location of study inside Canada	52,565	25,865	26,700	1,910	935	970
Same as province or territory of residence	51,865	25,455	26,415	1,595	805	800
Different than province or territory of residence	700	420	280	310	135	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,645	965	685	115	40	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	120	45	35	10	30
Philippines	20	20	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	40	10	40	20	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	30	35	0	0	0
France	415	230	180	0	0	0
Other	930	520	405	35	15	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,835	27,350	28,485	2,140	1,035	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,805	8,400	8,405	505	255	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,025	18,950	20,080	1,635	775	855
Location of study inside Canada	37,700	18,195	19,500	1,570	760	810
Same as province or territory of residence	37,195	17,910	19,280	1,310	640	675
Different than province or territory of residence	505	285	220	260	120	140
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,330	755	575	65	20	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	70	30	35	0	25
Philippines	20	25	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	30	10	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	35	0	0	0
France	305	170	130	0	0	0
Other	800	435	360	20	10	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,155	43,580	47,575	3,165	1,580	1,590
In the labour force	52,415	26,705	25,715	2,205	1,145	1,060
Employed	48,220	24,145	24,080	2,105	1,085	1,015
Unemployed	4,190	2,555	1,635	95	55	45
Not in the labour force	38,730	16,875	21,860	965	435	530
Participation rate	57.5	61.3	54.1	69.7	72.5	66.7
Employment rate	52.9	55.4	50.6	66.5	68.7	63.8
Unemployment rate	8.0	9.6	6.4	4.3	4.8	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,150	43,580	47,570	3,170	1,580	1,585
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	36,685	15,875	20,805	860	380	480
Worked	54,470	27,700	26,770	2,310	1,200	1,110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,675	13,365	11,310	1,390	750	645
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,795	14,335	15,460	915	450	470
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.2	42.6	45.3	45.2	45.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,420	26,705	25,715	2,205	1,145	1,060
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,665	855	805	25	10	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,760	25,850	24,910	2,175	1,130	1,050
Employee	45,795	23,080	22,705	1,890	945	945
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,965	2,765	2,205	285	185	100
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,415	26,705	25,710	2,200	1,140	1,060
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,660	855	805	25	15	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,755	25,850	24,910	2,175	1,130	1,045
0 Management occupations	4,100	2,555	1,545	260	155	105
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,795	2,505	5,290	400	95	305
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,825	2,245	575	280	220	55
3 Health occupations	4,635	985	3,655	150	25	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,645	2,180	4,465	315	110	205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,285	590	690	85	40	45
6 Sales and service occupations	13,780	5,965	7,815	350	165	185
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,670	6,310	365	270	270	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	340	65	30	30	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,610	2,170	440	30	20	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,420	26,705	25,710	2,205	1,145	1,060
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,660	855	805	30	15	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,755	25,845	24,910	2,175	1,130	1,045
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	360	225	135	10	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	85	10	10	10	0
22 Utilities	705	560	140	15	10	0
23 Construction	2,480	2,225	250	175	150	25
31-33 Manufacturing	5,565	4,380	1,190	75	45	30
41 Wholesale trade	1,380	1,060	325	95	70	25
44-45 Retail trade	7,035	3,250	3,785	210	115	90
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,965	1,620	345	75	40	30
51 Information and cultural industries	1,190	635	560	55	40	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,640	685	950	50	20	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	605	380	225	20	15	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,605	1,505	1,100	290	180	110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	25	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,065	1,220	840	80	40	40
61 Educational services	4,405	1,565	2,840	190	50	135
62 Health care and social assistance	8,165	1,700	6,465	230	35	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	935	485	445	40	25	15
72 Accommodation and food services	4,170	1,785	2,390	60	30	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,335	965	1,375	85	35	50
91 Public administration	3,035	1,515	1,520	410	205	210
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	48,220	24,145	24,075	2,105	1,085	1,015
Worked at home	2,440	1,090	1,345	180	95	90
Worked outside Canada	120	75	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,745	2,735	1,010	270	185	85
Worked at usual place	41,915	20,245	21,670	1,645	805	845
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	41,915	20,245	21,670	1,650	805	840
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	32,910	14,935	17,980	1,500	740	760
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	425	230	195	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,530	5,040	3,485	80	25	55
Commute to a different province or territory	55	40	15	70	40	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,660	22,980	22,680	1,915	990	930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,415	20,030	19,385	1,600	845	755
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,640	665	980	110	45	65
Public transit	1,355	525	830	130	50	80
Walked	2,410	1,185	1,225	30	15	20
Bicycle	450	365	90	20	20	0
Other method	390	205	180	20	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,660	22,980	22,680	1,915	990	925
Less than 15 minutes	21,915	10,155	11,760	295	155	135
15 to 29 minutes	15,935	8,085	7,850	630	340	290
30 to 44 minutes	4,890	2,805	2,085	595	330	265
45 to 59 minutes	1,110	655	455	270	100	165
60 minutes and over	1,805	1,280	525	130	60	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,660	22,980	22,680	1,920	990	925
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,565	1,145	415	160	100	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,640	4,495	2,140	525	290	235
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,315	8,005	8,310	550	280	265
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,170	4,025	6,145	350	170	180
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,965	1,570	2,400	190	65	125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,005	3,735	3,270	140	80	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	55,920	28,445	27,470	2,345	1,220	1,125
Single responses	54,945	27,900	27,045	2,305	1,205	1,100
Official languages	54,880	27,865	27,010	2,305	1,205	1,100
English	800	480	315	2,280	1,200	1,080
French	54,080	27,390	26,695	25	0	15
Non-official languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	15	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	975	545	435	35	15	25
English and French	915	515	405	35	10	25
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	55,920	28,445	27,470	2,345	1,220	1,120
None	48,135	23,725	24,415	2,050	1,090	955
English	7,015	4,305	2,705	30	0	20
French	565	330	240	260	120	140
Non-official language	140	60	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	60	80	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,695	50,655	54,040	3,995	1,970	2,020
Non-movers	89,885	43,505	46,380	3,815	1,905	1,910
Movers	14,810	7,155	7,655	180	70	105
Non-migrants	10,590	5,135	5,460	110	40	70
Migrants	4,220	2,020	2,200	70	35	35
Internal migrants	3,835	1,805	2,025	60	25	35
Intraprovincial migrants	3,740	1,750	1,990	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	40	25	10	15
External migrants	385	210	170	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,030	48,650	52,380	3,775	1,875	1,900
Non-movers	61,295	29,450	31,845	2,880	1,440	1,440
Movers	39,735	19,200	20,535	895	435	460
Non-migrants	26,860	13,105	13,755	730	345	385
Migrants	12,875	6,095	6,785	160	85	75
Internal migrants	11,220	5,255	5,960	145	80	70
Intraprovincial migrants	10,990	5,140	5,845	85	40	45
Interprovincial migrants	230	115	115	60	35	25
External migrants	1,660	835	820	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Richmond [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Richmond [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Richmond [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Richmond [Population centre], Ontario