Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Quesnel, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Trois-Rivières Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Quesnel, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Quesnel, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,515	...	...	9,879	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,779 ^r	...	...	10,007	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.6	...	...	-1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	57,760	...	...	4,706	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	880.9	...	...	279.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	125.46	...	...	35.39	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,515	52,710	57,800	9,875	4,835	5,045
0 to 14 years	14,380	7,475	6,900	1,665	840	825
0 to 4 years	4,735	2,460	2,280	530	270	260
5 to 9 years	5,010	2,625	2,385	600	290	305
10 to 14 years	4,625	2,395	2,230	535	280	260
15 to 64 years	69,410	34,045	35,365	6,265	3,090	3,165
15 to 19 years	5,335	2,670	2,665	580	300	280
20 to 24 years	7,690	3,745	3,950	590	305	280
25 to 29 years	6,745	3,430	3,320	565	290	275
30 to 34 years	6,205	3,165	3,045	550	260	290
35 to 39 years	6,185	3,165	3,015	540	265	270
40 to 44 years	5,390	2,660	2,730	555	275	280
45 to 49 years	5,925	2,895	3,035	660	320	345
50 to 54 years	8,105	3,845	4,260	695	340	350
55 to 59 years	9,215	4,395	4,815	830	405	425
60 to 64 years	8,620	4,080	4,535	710	335	370
65 years and over	26,730	11,190	15,540	1,955	905	1,050
65 to 69 years	7,810	3,655	4,155	650	315	335
70 to 74 years	6,530	2,950	3,585	415	215	195
75 to 79 years	4,760	1,980	2,780	350	155	195
80 to 84 years	3,715	1,445	2,275	250	110	140
85 years and over	3,910	1,155	2,755	290	110	175
85 to 89 years	2,560	860	1,700	185	75	110
90 to 94 years	1,070	250	815	85	30	55
95 to 99 years	240	40	200	20	5	10
100 years and over	40	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.0	14.2	11.9	16.9	17.4	16.4
15 to 64 years	62.8	64.6	61.2	63.4	63.9	62.7
65 years and over	24.2	21.2	26.9	19.8	18.7	20.8
85 years and over	3.5	2.2	4.8	2.9	2.3	3.5
Average age of the population	45.4	43.6	47.1	42.5	41.7	43.3
Median age of the population	47.9	45.1	50.3	44.2	43.0	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
Single-detached house	19,395	...	...	2,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,070	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	32,985	...	...	1,510	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,910	...	...	105	...	...
Row house	1,645	...	...	240	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,695	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	22,470	...	...	925	...	...
Other single-attached house	260	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
1 person	22,215	...	...	1,545	...	...
2 persons	19,235	...	...	1,555	...	...
3 persons	5,890	...	...	590	...	...
4 persons	4,310	...	...	420	...	...
5 or more persons	1,815	...	...	285	...	...
Number of persons in private households	105,450	...	...	9,680	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	96,135	45,235	50,900	8,210	4,000	4,220
Married or living common law	48,910	24,450	24,455	4,510	2,255	2,255
Married	26,675	13,360	13,310	3,535	1,770	1,765
Living common law	22,235	11,090	11,145	975	485	490
Not married and not living common law	47,230	20,785	26,450	3,705	1,745	1,965
Never married	30,165	15,530	14,640	2,130	1,185	945
Separated	1,390	620	770	290	110	180
Divorced	8,595	3,230	5,370	695	315	380
Widowed	7,075	1,405	5,670	595	135	460
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,280	...	...	2,730	...	...
2 persons	18,190	...	...	1,555	...	...
3 persons	5,420	...	...	560	...	...
4 persons	4,120	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	1,545	...	...	205	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,280	...	...	2,730	...	...
Total couple families	23,720	...	...	2,185	...	...
Married couples	12,670	...	...	1,695	...	...
Common-law couples	11,050	...	...	485	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,560	...	...	545	...	...
Female parent	4,275	...	...	430	...	...
Male parent	1,290	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,720	...	...	2,180	...	...
Couples without children	14,575	...	...	1,235	...	...
Couples with children	9,145	...	...	945	...	...
1 child	3,900	...	...	380	...	...
2 children	3,790	...	...	365	...	...
3 or more children	1,450	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,560	...	...	545	...	...
1 child	3,610	...	...	315	...	...
2 children	1,525	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	425	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	28,075	13,070	15,005	2,155	1,070	1,080
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
One-census-family households	28,935	...	...	2,620	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,440	...	...	1,195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,495	...	...	1,425	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	170	...	...	55	...	...
Non-census-family households	24,355	...	...	1,725	...	...
One-person households	22,215	...	...	1,540	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,145	...	...	180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,980	52,095	56,890	9,730	4,780	4,940
English only	185	95	85	9,330	4,620	4,705
French only	74,210	32,815	41,395	5	0	10
English and French	34,360	19,080	15,275	355	145	205
Neither English nor French	230	100	135	40	15	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,985	52,095	56,890	9,725	4,785	4,945
English	1,370	675	695	9,600	4,725	4,870
French	106,815	51,005	55,810	85	45	45
English and French	575	320	255	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	225	100	130	35	10	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,655	835	825	90	45	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.6	1.5	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,985	52,095	56,890	9,725	4,780	4,945
Single responses	108,115	51,635	56,475	9,625	4,740	4,885
Official languages	105,005	50,080	54,925	8,805	4,355	4,455
English	1,250	600	650	8,685	4,295	4,390
French	103,755	49,480	54,270	120	55	60
Non-official languages	3,110	1,555	1,555	815	385	430
Aboriginal languages	150	65	85	45	15	30
Algonquian languages	150	65	85	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	150	70	80	15	10	5
Atikamekw	145	60	80	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	5	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	5	25
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	25	5	20
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,960	1,490	1,470	770	370	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	695	390	305	0	5	0
Berber languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	645	360	280	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	640	360	275	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	75	25	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	5	55	15	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,425	675	750	600	305	295
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	65	55	30	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	60	55	30	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	5	0	5
Russian	35	15	20	10	5	5
Serbian	20	10	5	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	35	160	70	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	15	5	10	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	20	110	45	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	40	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	295	170	120
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	290	165	120
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	270	150	115
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,150	530	615	90	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	35	20	20
Portuguese	95	45	45	30	20	15
Romanian	50	15	35	0	5	0
Spanish	970	450	525	20	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	365	195	165	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	60	65	0	0	0
Wolof	25	20	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	50	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	70	85	45	20	25
Chinese languages	155	65	85	45	20	20
Cantonese	30	10	20	20	10	10
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	40	60	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	15	0	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	870	460	415	100	45	60
English and French	500	265	240	20	10	10
English and non-official language	20	10	10	85	40	45
French and non-official language	335	175	160	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,985	52,090	56,890	9,725	4,780	4,940
Single responses	107,760	51,455	56,300	9,570	4,710	4,860
Official languages	106,200	50,710	55,490	9,265	4,550	4,715
English	835	405	425	9,250	4,545	4,710
French	105,370	50,300	55,060	15	10	10
Non-official languages	1,560	750	810	305	160	145
Aboriginal languages	95	45	45	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	95	50	45	10	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	45	5	10	0
Atikamekw	90	45	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,470	700	765	295	150	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	120	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	115	110	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	110	110	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	35	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	5	30	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	870	410	460	215	115	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	180	100	85
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	180	100	85
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	175	95	80
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	750	345	400	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	60	25	30	5	0	5
Romanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	670	305	365	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	50	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	60	25	15	10
Chinese languages	120	55	60	25	10	15
Cantonese	20	10	10	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	45	45	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,225	635	590	155	75	80
English and French	440	230	205	5	5	5
English and non-official language	40	20	20	145	70	80
French and non-official language	680	350	335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	35	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,985	52,095	56,890	9,725	4,785	4,940
None	102,425	48,610	53,815	9,265	4,570	4,695
English	3,950	2,180	1,770	115	65	50
French	1,250	595	655	55	15	45
Non-official language	1,165	610	555	280	125	155
Aboriginal	50	20	30	40	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	1,115	585	525	240	115	130
English and French	55	25	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	70	50	5	0	5
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,085	43,555	47,535	8,020	3,920	4,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,615	42,460	46,160	7,735	3,795	3,940
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,436	34,865	24,759	30,794	44,471	23,622
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,655	42,465	46,190	7,745	3,800	3,945
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,799	31,097	23,207	28,175	39,089	22,696
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,335	37,695	38,645	6,615	3,385	3,235
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,720	32,201	21,735	29,275	44,267	20,736
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,220	32,960	39,260	5,695	2,490	3,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,440	7,865	8,868	8,558	9,536	8,016
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,010	29,740	28,265	5,495	2,910	2,585
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,636	31,340	24,279	30,869	49,317	21,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,150	43,580	47,575	8,020	3,920	4,100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,565	42,455	46,105	7,695	3,785	3,910
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,113	44,389	32,334	42,663	55,556	30,202
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,590	42,460	46,125	7,695	3,785	3,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,022	36,581	27,825	35,783	44,864	26,999
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,435	37,780	38,655	6,575	3,370	3,200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,690	42,509	29,025	41,838	55,149	27,823
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,265	33,125	39,140	5,710	2,510	3,210
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,961	8,413	9,425	9,296	9,609	9,052
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,110	29,840	28,265	5,495	2,895	2,595
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,707	40,101	31,067	43,138	56,914	27,787
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,155	43,580	47,575	8,020	3,920	4,105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,275	13,145	11,130	2,310	1,385	925
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,145	49,004	40,145	63,391	75,126	45,133
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,688	56,954	45,472	65,439	78,370	46,028
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	85.3	75.2	83.9	88.2	76.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.5	63.9	58.5	71.1	76.4	61.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.7	24.8	16.1	11.8	23.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,090	43,555	47,535	8,020	3,920	4,105
Without total income	2,470	1,095	1,375	285	125	160
With total income	88,615	42,460	46,160	7,740	3,800	3,945
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.5	97.1	96.5	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,585	4,520	6,060	1,055	380	675
$10,000 to $19,999	19,690	7,375	12,315	1,530	540	995
$20,000 to $29,999	14,765	6,390	8,375	1,200	480	720
$30,000 to $39,999	11,970	5,880	6,090	905	375	525
$40,000 to $49,999	9,965	4,980	4,990	580	265	310
$50,000 to $59,999	6,685	3,715	2,970	530	295	235
$60,000 to $69,999	4,340	2,545	1,795	445	290	155
$70,000 to $79,999	3,305	1,965	1,345	390	270	115
$80,000 to $89,999	2,065	1,220	845	315	230	80
$90,000 to $99,999	1,370	950	420	245	185	55
$100,000 and over	3,870	2,925	945	560	480	80
$100,000 to $149,999	2,765	2,070	700	440	375	60
$150,000 and over	1,110	860	245	125	105	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,090	43,555	47,535	8,025	3,920	4,100
Without after-tax income	2,430	1,090	1,340	275	120	160
With after-tax income	88,650	42,465	46,190	7,745	3,800	3,945
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.5	97.2	96.5	96.9	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,180	4,605	6,580	1,080	395	690
$10,000 to $19,999	20,485	7,775	12,715	1,605	580	1,025
$20,000 to $29,999	17,745	8,015	9,735	1,415	575	845
$30,000 to $39,999	14,920	7,455	7,465	920	400	520
$40,000 to $49,999	9,845	5,355	4,495	715	365	350
$50,000 to $59,999	5,675	3,325	2,350	605	395	210
$60,000 to $69,999	3,550	2,115	1,435	470	340	130
$70,000 to $79,999	1,930	1,335	595	395	305	95
$80,000 and over	3,310	2,495	815	535	450	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,145	845	305	215	180	30
$90,000 to $99,999	675	515	165	120	95	20
$100,000 and over	1,490	1,135	350	200	165	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,085	43,555	47,535	8,025	3,920	4,100
Without employment income	33,080	13,810	19,270	2,530	1,010	1,515
With employment income	58,005	29,745	28,265	5,495	2,905	2,590
Percentage with employment income	63.7	68.3	59.5	68.5	74.1	63.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,350	4,410	3,940	950	440	510
$5,000 to $9,999	4,930	2,115	2,815	395	170	230
$10,000 to $19,999	9,540	4,145	5,390	750	275	480
$20,000 to $29,999	7,945	3,670	4,275	600	220	380
$30,000 to $39,999	7,275	3,570	3,705	475	185	290
$40,000 to $49,999	5,510	2,795	2,715	365	175	190
$50,000 to $59,999	4,030	2,270	1,760	340	170	170
$60,000 to $69,999	2,765	1,575	1,190	350	245	105
$70,000 to $79,999	2,540	1,450	1,090	340	250	85
$80,000 and over	5,115	3,745	1,375	930	775	150
$80,000 to $89,999	1,355	860	495	285	215	70
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	735	295	185	155	35
$100,000 and over	2,730	2,145	585	455	410	50
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	47,490	...	...	59,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,490	...	...	52,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	22,215	...	...	1,540	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,855	...	...	28,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,348	...	...	26,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,250	...	...	2,855	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,027	...	...	83,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,256	...	...	72,306	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,090	...	...	74,704	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,021	...	...	62,683	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	22,225	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,253	...	...	38,995	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,643	...	...	33,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,275	...	...	2,840	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,296	...	...	94,231	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,347	...	...	78,570	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,330	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,970	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,085	...	...	295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,585	...	...	280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,950	...	...	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,530	...	...	215	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,140	...	...	200	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,080	...	...	185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,770	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,745	...	...	320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	...	...	235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,500	...	...	245	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,065	...	...	245	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,280	...	...	1,170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,645	...	...	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,205	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,095	...	...	295	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	53,465	...	...	4,395	...	...
Under $5,000	675	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,340	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,000	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,305	...	...	300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,025	...	...	320	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,570	...	...	265	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,140	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,925	...	...	245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,475	...	...	205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,075	...	...	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,055	...	...	365	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,880	...	...	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,125	...	...	315	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,310	...	...	270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,810	...	...	230	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,745	...	...	800	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,875	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,390	...	...	210	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,485	...	...	195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,590	...	...	2,715	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,418	...	...	84,275	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,280	...	...	72,741	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,275	...	...	1,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,533	...	...	81,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,229	...	...	70,112	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,180	...	...	955	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,736	...	...	111,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,456	...	...	94,683	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,470	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,182	...	...	40,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,959	...	...	38,656	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,570	...	...	2,700	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,827	...	...	93,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,430	...	...	77,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,255	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,898	...	...	90,888	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,145	...	...	74,775	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,205	...	...	955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,689	...	...	120,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,178	...	...	99,565	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,460	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,883	...	...	52,222	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,811	...	...	46,105	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,385	12,320	14,065	1,955	980	975
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,113	26,157	22,945	26,304	30,560	23,936
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,049	24,322	22,215	24,942	28,224	23,339
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,495	12,325	14,170	2,040	1,035	1,005
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,612	33,248	30,189	36,617	41,438	31,649
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,348	28,287	26,531	31,738	34,972	28,407
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	105,450	51,025	54,430	9,685	4,755	4,925
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,330	31,640	35,685	5,355	2,480	2,875
In the bottom decile	13,635	6,520	7,120	1,275	590	685
In the second decile	14,705	6,265	8,435	1,255	530	725
In the third decile	14,020	6,675	7,345	1,025	485	535
In the fourth decile	13,105	6,380	6,725	820	395	425
In the fifth decile	11,865	5,800	6,065	970	475	495
In the top half of the distribution	38,125	19,385	18,740	4,330	2,275	2,055
In the sixth decile	10,375	5,195	5,180	820	415	405
In the seventh decile	9,290	4,700	4,585	990	505	485
In the eighth decile	7,695	3,880	3,815	915	495	425
In the ninth decile	5,980	3,105	2,875	950	505	445
In the top decile	4,785	2,500	2,280	650	355	295
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	105,445	51,020	54,430	9,680	4,760	4,925
0 to 17 years	17,250	8,950	8,300	2,005	1,025	985
0 to 5 years	5,755	3,000	2,750	630	320	310
18 to 64 years	65,795	32,095	33,700	5,875	2,890	2,990
65 years and over	22,405	9,975	12,425	1,805	850	955
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,105	9,450	11,655	1,885	825	1,065
0 to 17 years	3,455	1,820	1,635	465	225	245
0 to 5 years	1,175	645	535	160	75	80
18 to 64 years	12,755	6,005	6,750	1,045	470	575
65 years and over	4,890	1,625	3,270	375	130	245
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.0	18.5	21.4	19.5	17.3	21.6
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	20.3	19.7	23.2	22.0	24.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.4	21.5	19.5	25.4	23.4	25.8
18 to 64 years (%)	19.4	18.7	20.0	17.8	16.3	19.2
65 years and over (%)	21.8	16.3	26.3	20.8	15.3	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,355	5,605	5,750	855	400	455
0 to 17 years	1,820	975	845	200	90	110
0 to 5 years	625	370	260	65	25	40
18 to 64 years	8,915	4,385	4,535	605	290	320
65 years and over	620	240	375	45	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.8	11.0	10.6	8.8	8.4	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.9	10.2	10.0	8.8	11.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	12.3	9.5	10.3	7.8	12.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.5	13.7	13.5	10.3	10.0	10.7
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.4	3.0	2.5	2.4	3.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,680	4,755	4,925
Official languages	105,350	51,005	54,345	9,630	4,725	4,900
English	34,005	18,940	15,065	9,615	4,725	4,890
French	105,220	50,920	54,300	400	155	240
Non-official languages	6,845	3,250	3,595	1,135	555	580
Aboriginal languages	220	90	130	95	40	60
Algonquian languages	225	90	130	25	20	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	220	95	130	30	20	10
Atikamekw	220	90	130	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	20	45
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	20	45
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	50	10	40
Chilcotin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,625	3,160	3,470	1,040	515	525
Afro-Asiatic languages	945	560	385	10	0	0
Berber languages	95	60	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	905	530	370	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	895	525	370	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	60	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	45	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	25	10	65	20	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	20	0	65	20	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	170	95	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	145	90	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,500	1,995	2,505	830	430	400
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	210	95	115	60	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	100	115	60	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	125	65	55	20	15	10
Serbian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	25	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	275	140	130	185	75	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	25
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Dutch	25	10	15	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	230	125	100	115	45	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	50	30	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	30	45	475	280	195
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	20	470	275	195
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	10	0	10	95	55	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	455	270	180
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,965	1,720	2,245	110	50	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	310	155	150	20	0	20
Portuguese	180	100	80	35	20	15
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	3,600	1,535	2,065	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	40	35	35	15	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	500	285	215	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	35	30	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	75	40	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	55	70	0	0	0
Wolof	60	50	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	195	100	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	35	110	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	105	25	75	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	10	30	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	115	130	80	45	35
Chinese languages	240	110	130	75	40	35
Cantonese	30	15	15	30	20	15
Hakka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	85	110	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	20	0	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,680	4,760	4,925
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	103,175	49,765	53,410	9,475	4,670	4,805
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,835	8,685	8,145	1,985	990	990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	86,345	41,075	45,265	7,490	3,675	3,815
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,370	1,315	1,060	210	85	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,685	4,755	4,925
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	100,725	48,560	52,165	8,795	4,375	4,420
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,130	2,105	2,025	830	355	475
Before 1981	530	290	240	490	205	285
1981 to 1990	250	125	125	75	35	40
1991 to 2000	490	250	230	105	50	60
2001 to 2010	1,645	775	875	90	35	50
2001 to 2005	590	245	345	35	10	35
2006 to 2010	1,055	530	520	45	30	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,220	660	560	75	30	45
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	695	420	275	55	30	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,130	2,100	2,025	830	355	475
Under 5 years	595	235	360	100	45	50
5 to 14 years	750	375	375	175	75	100
15 to 24 years	700	350	350	225	90	140
25 to 44 years	1,880	1,020	860	285	125	165
45 years and over	200	120	85	50	25	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,135	2,100	2,030	825	355	475
Americas	1,300	600	700	90	20	65
Brazil	60	30	35	0	0	10
Colombia	560	230	330	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	105	30	75	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	85	40	45	0	0	10
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	155	85	70	80	20	60
Other places of birth in Americas	295	170	130	0	0	0
Europe	1,000	515	490	305	120	185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	40	25	15	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	510	265	240	0	0	10
Germany	45	25	25	45	15	35
Greece	50	40	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	10	20	10	15
Netherlands	0	0	10	20	15	10
Poland	10	0	0	10	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	25	10	10
Romania	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	15	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	0	120	45	80
Other places of birth in Europe	195	90	105	55	25	25
Africa	1,255	735	520	35	15	20
Algeria	165	105	55	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	265	145	120	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Africa	815	475	340	0	10	0
Asia	580	260	320	390	190	200
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	195	60	140	35	20	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	15	0	15	280	155	125
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	55	15	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	75	30	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,220	660	555	70	30	45
Americas	285	125	160	10	0	10
Brazil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	140	55	85	0	0	0
Cuba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	0	0	0
Europe	180	100	80	0	0	0
France	125	85	40	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	555	340	215	30	10	25
Algeria	45	35	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	60	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	20	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	55	45	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	120	60	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	110	55	0	0	0
Asia	200	95	105	40	20	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,685	4,755	4,925
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,065	2,655	2,410	910	380	520
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,340	1,635	1,705	1,750	880	865
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	97,150	46,795	50,355	7,030	3,490	3,540
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,660	1,845	1,820	365	155	205
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,650	910	740	140	70	70
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	775	510	265	70	40	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	875	395	475	75	20	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	960	415	545	215	85	130
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,025	505	520	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,685	4,755	4,930
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,470	675	795	1,610	795	820
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,400	635	765	1,570	775	795
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	830	355	475	755	345	415
Métis	550	270	285	770	410	365
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	45	30	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	35	25	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,080	50,405	53,675	8,075	3,965	4,115
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,550	51,080	54,465	9,685	4,755	4,925
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	620	260	355	500	215	285
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,930	50,815	54,115	9,185	4,540	4,640
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,550	51,080	54,470	9,685	4,755	4,925
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	980	440	540	440	210	230
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	975	445	530	420	205	215
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	890	410	480	310	135	170
Métis single ancestry	85	35	50	105	65	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,000	1,420	1,580	1,140	535	595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,925	1,385	1,540	1,075	495	575
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,590	1,220	1,370	675	290	385
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	160	150	395	205	190
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	35	40	65	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	35	35	55	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,575	49,220	52,350	8,110	4,010	4,100
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,545	51,080	54,470	9,685	4,755	4,925
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,275	2,230	2,045	830	410	420
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	130	60	70	510	290	225
Chinese	285	95	190	100	55	40
Black	1,720	940	785	20	10	15
Filipino	30	20	10	90	25	65
Latin American	1,045	500	540	20	10	10
Arab	740	425	310	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	100	70	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	15	20	10	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	25	15	10	60	25	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	15	30	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	25	20	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	101,275	48,855	52,420	8,855	4,350	4,505
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,545	51,080	54,465	9,680	4,755	4,925
North American Aboriginal origins	3,975	1,865	2,115	1,575	745	825
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,560	1,660	1,900	1,050	470	580
Inuit	35	10	25	25	0	20
Métis	465	225	240	575	320	260
Other North American origins	81,035	38,765	42,275	3,235	1,655	1,585
Acadian	650	290	355	25	10	15
American	460	215	245	230	85	140
Canadian	78,500	37,530	40,975	3,075	1,590	1,485
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,510	1,220	1,290	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	34,030	16,790	17,240	7,095	3,430	3,665
British Isles origins	6,915	3,380	3,535	4,985	2,380	2,605
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,585	830	755	3,065	1,490	1,575
Irish	4,325	2,130	2,195	1,860	885	975
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,635	800	840	2,375	1,100	1,270
Welsh	35	20	15	185	75	110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	40	70	225	75	145
French origins	27,470	13,475	13,995	1,360	635	730
Alsatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Breton	205	85	120	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	27,315	13,395	13,915	1,365	635	730
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,165	1,050	1,120	2,190	995	1,195
Austrian	80	45	30	65	35	35
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	420	190	235	10	10	0
Dutch	160	115	45	545	240	300
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,340	640	700	1,740	770	965
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	225	100	125	70	30	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	210	110	95	935	410	525
Danish	15	15	10	125	45	80
Finnish	20	0	25	125	60	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	75	35	35
Norwegian	100	55	50	380	185	190
Swedish	40	30	10	320	130	190
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	25	10	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	580	275	305	1,210	620	595
Bulgarian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	35	30	15	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	90	45	45
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	220	125	100	315	160	155
Romanian	45	25	15	35	25	10
Russian	85	45	40	315	175	140
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	145	50	90	600	290	310
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,915	970	945	445	200	250
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	220	110	110	0	0	0
Italian	1,010	505	505	260	120	140
Kosovar	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	100	80	65	25	40
Serbian	35	25	10	10	10	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	485	240	250	75	25	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	20	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	85	55	30	20	20	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	25	10	10	15	15	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	515	215	300	15	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	40	45	0	0	0
Dominican	65	30	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	285	110	175	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,280	645	640	40	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	90	45	45	10	0	0
Chilean	55	35	20	10	10	10
Colombian	710	315	395	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	35	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	150	90	60	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	30	10	0	0	0
African origins	2,295	1,330	965	45	15	30
Central and West African origins	980	560	415	0	10	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroonian	185	105	85	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	260	155	110	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	85	60	30	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	60	50	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	140	65	70	10	0	0
North African origins	835	500	330	10	10	0
Algerian	190	105	85	0	0	0
Berber	125	80	45	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	370	205	165	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	155	100	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	185	110	80	10	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	0	30	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	320	175	145	15	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	315	175	145	15	0	15
Asian origins	1,265	640	625	855	430	425
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	590	340	250	20	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	190	95	95	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	40	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	90	70	20	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	40	45	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	40	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	95	20	75	510	290	220
Bangladeshi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	80	20	65	485	270	210
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	590	285	305	320	125	195
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese	340	125	220	135	65	70
Filipino	15	20	0	120	35	85
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	10	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	65	30	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	115	70	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	25	10	20
Australian	0	0	0	20	0	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
Owner	27,450	...	...	2,780	...	...
Renter	26,055	...	...	1,610	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	53,500	...	...	4,395	...	...
Condominium	4,950	...	...	265	...	...
Not condominium	48,555	...	...	4,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	53,500	...	...	4,395	...	...
No bedrooms	250	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	9,380	...	...	390	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,645	...	...	1,335	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,910	...	...	1,290	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,310	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	21,000	...	...	1,080	...	...
5 rooms	10,325	...	...	715	...	...
6 rooms	5,435	...	...	615	...	...
7 rooms	5,315	...	...	550	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,425	...	...	1,435	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	53,405	...	...	4,365	...	...
More than 1 person per room	95	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	53,500	...	...	4,395	...	...
Suitable	52,685	...	...	4,275	...	...
Not suitable	820	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	53,500	...	...	4,395	...	...
1960 or before	13,975	...	...	690	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,570	...	...	2,060	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,855	...	...	625	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,805	...	...	720	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,330	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,240	...	...	140	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,730	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	53,500	...	...	4,395	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	50,380	...	...	4,020	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,125	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
1 household maintainer	37,120	...	...	2,930	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,975	...	...	1,410	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	410	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	53,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,060	...	...	195	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,370	...	...	570	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,120	...	...	620	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,800	...	...	805	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,510	...	...	940	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,385	...	...	695	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,760	...	...	445	...	...
85 years and over	1,495	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	53,425	...	...	4,390	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	42,230	...	...	3,580	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,195	...	...	810	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,230	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,435	...	...	2,780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.9	...	...	50.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	569	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	905	...	...	810	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,444	...	...	199,741	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	187,320	...	...	208,046	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,055	...	...	1,615	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.5	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	575	...	...	714	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	611	...	...	740	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,150	43,580	47,575	8,020	3,920	4,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,160	7,910	9,250	2,265	1,180	1,090
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,785	8,840	10,945	2,645	1,165	1,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,210	26,830	27,380	3,105	1,575	1,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,145	9,885	6,255	820	660	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,725	6,425	5,300	280	170	110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,415	3,460	955	535	485	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,705	7,635	10,065	1,290	445	855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,475	1,405	2,070	130	50	75
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,890	7,900	8,990	865	425	445
Bachelor's degree	11,360	5,140	6,215	610	300	315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,160	550	600	75	30	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	655	390	265	25	20	0
Master's degree	3,030	1,390	1,635	155	75	80
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	690	425	265	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,835	27,350	28,485	5,125	2,585	2,540
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,930	3,575	3,350	1,035	590	445
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,875	4,825	5,055	1,740	815	925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,030	18,955	20,075	2,350	1,180	1,165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,815	7,050	4,760	565	465	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,715	4,610	4,100	190	120	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,095	2,440	655	375	350	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,010	5,205	6,800	960	330	630
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,155	920	1,235	75	25	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,060	5,775	7,285	750	355	395
Bachelor's degree	8,690	3,845	4,850	520	250	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	860	350	515	65	30	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	540	290	255	25	15	10
Master's degree	2,430	990	1,445	140	65	80
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	535	305	230	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,150	43,580	47,575	8,025	3,920	4,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,940	16,750	20,190	4,915	2,350	2,570
Education	4,760	1,250	3,510	290	105	185
13. Education	4,765	1,255	3,510	290	105	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,535	665	870	35	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	185	80	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,270	480	790	20	15	0
Humanities	2,765	1,245	1,520	115	50	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	345	90	255	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	25	30	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,350	620	735	45	30	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	120	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	115	75	0	10	0
54. History	175	125	50	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	460	145	310	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,495	1,415	3,075	260	80	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	40	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	600	270	330	40	20	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	40	855	85	15	70
22. Legal professions and studies	450	195	250	50	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	210	50	160	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,520	390	1,125	30	10	25
45. Social sciences	720	425	295	50	20	30
Business, management and public administration	12,380	4,275	8,105	480	135	340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	725	170	560	90	10	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,645	4,100	7,545	385	125	260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,950	1,140	805	60	25	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	710	320	395	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	105	25	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	510	270	235	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	505	395	110	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	50	35	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,560	1,045	515	70	45	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,190	900	290	65	45	20
25. Library science	205	40	170	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	75	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,000	11,145	855	915	840	75
04. Architecture and related services	275	175	105	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,605	1,365	235	85	70	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,590	2,380	210	70	40	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,485	2,415	70	290	275	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,720	2,610	110	345	340	0
48. Precision production	2,325	2,195	130	125	120	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,135	740	395	170	100	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	525	255	270	55	15	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	610	480	130	115	85	25
Health and related fields	7,600	1,755	5,850	510	65	440
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	645	365	280	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,730	1,255	5,480	490	65	430
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	225	135	90	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,025	2,155	1,875	210	90	120
12. Personal and culinary services	2,340	655	1,690	155	35	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	690	600	95	30	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	990	890	95	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,830	27,350	28,485	5,125	2,580	2,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,805	8,400	8,405	2,775	1,405	1,370
Education	2,790	710	2,080	220	75	140
13. Education	2,790	710	2,080	215	75	140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,140	525	610	30	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	140	60	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	935	390	550	15	10	0
Humanities	1,595	670	925	80	40	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	250	55	195	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	710	345	360	30	30	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	75	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	45	25	10	10	0
54. History	115	75	35	20	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	300	55	245	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,510	1,125	2,385	190	65	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	35	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	225	280	30	20	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	25	620	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	360	160	205	35	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	35	110	10	0	0
42. Psychology	1,205	315	885	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	565	325	240	50	20	35
Business, management and public administration	9,350	3,015	6,335	400	105	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	505	105	400	75	0	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,845	2,910	5,935	325	100	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,155	655	505	55	20	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	550	230	315	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	60	15	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	90	50	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	385	290	100	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,325	895	430	65	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,070	800	270	60	40	15
25. Library science	160	25	135	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,500	7,780	720	660	600	60
04. Architecture and related services	215	120	95	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,305	1,085	215	75	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,890	1,720	170	45	25	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,745	1,695	45	220	210	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,830	1,745	90	245	245	0
48. Precision production	1,515	1,415	105	75	70	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	570	345	145	95	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	435	210	220	45	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	480	360	125	100	80	25
Health and related fields	5,615	1,345	4,275	365	50	315
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	480	255	225	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,955	1,000	3,960	350	50	300
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	180	90	90	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,140	1,670	1,475	140	55	85
12. Personal and culinary services	1,770	465	1,305	95	20	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	540	450	85	30	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	825	745	85	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,155	43,580	47,570	8,025	3,920	4,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,945	16,750	20,195	4,915	2,345	2,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	54,215	26,830	27,380	3,110	1,575	1,535
Location of study inside Canada	52,565	25,865	26,700	2,835	1,450	1,385
Same as province or territory of residence	51,865	25,455	26,415	2,305	1,160	1,145
Different than province or territory of residence	700	420	280	530	290	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,645	965	685	275	125	150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	120	45	80	30	45
Philippines	20	20	0	25	0	20
India	10	0	10	65	35	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	40	10	40	20	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	30	35	15	10	10
France	415	230	180	0	0	0
Other	930	520	405	55	20	40
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,835	27,350	28,485	5,125	2,585	2,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,805	8,400	8,405	2,775	1,405	1,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,025	18,950	20,080	2,345	1,180	1,165
Location of study inside Canada	37,700	18,195	19,500	2,155	1,100	1,055
Same as province or territory of residence	37,195	17,910	19,280	1,755	885	875
Different than province or territory of residence	505	285	220	400	215	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,330	755	575	195	80	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	70	30	55	15	40
Philippines	20	25	0	20	0	20
India	10	0	10	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	30	10	15	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	35	10	10	0
France	305	170	130	0	0	0
Other	800	435	360	40	20	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,155	43,580	47,575	8,025	3,920	4,100
In the labour force	52,415	26,705	25,715	4,660	2,525	2,135
Employed	48,220	24,145	24,080	4,135	2,230	1,905
Unemployed	4,190	2,555	1,635	525	295	230
Not in the labour force	38,730	16,875	21,860	3,360	1,395	1,965
Participation rate	57.5	61.3	54.1	58.1	64.4	52.1
Employment rate	52.9	55.4	50.6	51.5	56.9	46.5
Unemployment rate	8.0	9.6	6.4	11.3	11.7	10.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,150	43,580	47,570	8,020	3,920	4,100
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	36,685	15,875	20,805	3,010	1,200	1,810
Worked	54,470	27,700	26,770	5,010	2,715	2,295
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,675	13,365	11,310	2,365	1,410	955
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,795	14,335	15,460	2,650	1,305	1,345
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.2	42.6	41.4	41.6	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,420	26,705	25,715	4,665	2,525	2,135
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,665	855	805	90	55	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,760	25,850	24,910	4,575	2,470	2,110
Employee	45,795	23,080	22,705	4,245	2,280	1,970
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,965	2,765	2,205	330	190	135
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,415	26,705	25,710	4,665	2,525	2,135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,660	855	805	85	60	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,755	25,850	24,910	4,575	2,465	2,110
0 Management occupations	4,100	2,555	1,545	360	180	175
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,795	2,505	5,290	455	125	325
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,825	2,245	575	190	160	35
3 Health occupations	4,635	985	3,655	245	65	180
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,645	2,180	4,465	435	125	310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,285	590	690	100	35	65
6 Sales and service occupations	13,780	5,965	7,815	1,200	375	830
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,670	6,310	365	820	760	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	340	65	280	235	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,610	2,170	440	485	400	90
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,420	26,705	25,710	4,665	2,525	2,140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,660	855	805	90	60	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,755	25,845	24,910	4,575	2,470	2,110
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	360	225	135	270	200	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	85	10	95	95	0
22 Utilities	705	560	140	10	10	0
23 Construction	2,480	2,225	250	260	240	15
31-33 Manufacturing	5,565	4,380	1,190	1,045	845	200
41 Wholesale trade	1,380	1,060	325	75	55	20
44-45 Retail trade	7,035	3,250	3,785	565	200	370
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,965	1,620	345	140	100	40
51 Information and cultural industries	1,190	635	560	75	40	35
52 Finance and insurance	1,640	685	950	100	0	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	605	380	225	55	35	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,605	1,505	1,100	100	50	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	25	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,065	1,220	840	135	65	70
61 Educational services	4,405	1,565	2,840	290	80	210
62 Health care and social assistance	8,165	1,700	6,465	485	95	385
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	935	485	445	55	30	30
72 Accommodation and food services	4,170	1,785	2,390	435	135	300
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,335	965	1,375	205	105	95
91 Public administration	3,035	1,515	1,520	190	90	100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	48,220	24,145	24,075	4,135	2,230	1,905
Worked at home	2,440	1,090	1,345	120	20	100
Worked outside Canada	120	75	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,745	2,735	1,010	395	285	115
Worked at usual place	41,915	20,245	21,670	3,615	1,925	1,695
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	41,915	20,245	21,670	3,615	1,920	1,695
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	32,910	14,935	17,980	3,210	1,645	1,565
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	425	230	195	330	215	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,530	5,040	3,485	60	40	20
Commute to a different province or territory	55	40	15	20	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,660	22,980	22,680	4,015	2,205	1,805
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,415	20,030	19,385	3,315	1,845	1,475
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,640	665	980	265	140	125
Public transit	1,355	525	830	50	20	30
Walked	2,410	1,185	1,225	265	115	155
Bicycle	450	365	90	55	55	0
Other method	390	205	180	50	35	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,660	22,980	22,680	4,015	2,210	1,805
Less than 15 minutes	21,915	10,155	11,760	2,680	1,330	1,355
15 to 29 minutes	15,935	8,085	7,850	980	615	370
30 to 44 minutes	4,890	2,805	2,085	170	120	45
45 to 59 minutes	1,110	655	455	40	25	15
60 minutes and over	1,805	1,280	525	145	120	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,660	22,980	22,680	4,015	2,210	1,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,565	1,145	415	375	315	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,640	4,495	2,140	710	410	295
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,315	8,005	8,310	1,100	635	470
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,170	4,025	6,145	655	225	435
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,965	1,570	2,400	335	120	220
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,005	3,735	3,270	840	505	330
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	55,920	28,445	27,470	5,135	2,765	2,375
Single responses	54,945	27,900	27,045	5,120	2,760	2,365
Official languages	54,880	27,865	27,010	5,075	2,735	2,340
English	800	480	315	5,065	2,730	2,330
French	54,080	27,390	26,695	10	0	10
Non-official languages	65	35	30	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	15	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	20	25	40	25	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	30	20	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Chinese languages	15	0	15	10	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	975	545	435	20	0	10
English and French	915	515	405	0	0	10
English and non-official language	0	10	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	55,920	28,445	27,470	5,135	2,765	2,370
None	48,135	23,725	24,415	5,075	2,740	2,330
English	7,015	4,305	2,705	25	0	15
French	565	330	240	20	10	15
Non-official language	140	60	80	20	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	60	80	15	10	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,695	50,655	54,040	9,550	4,695	4,855
Non-movers	89,885	43,505	46,380	8,105	3,985	4,115
Movers	14,810	7,155	7,655	1,450	710	735
Non-migrants	10,590	5,135	5,460	1,030	515	515
Migrants	4,220	2,020	2,200	415	190	220
Internal migrants	3,835	1,805	2,025	410	195	215
Intraprovincial migrants	3,740	1,750	1,990	285	115	170
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	40	120	85	45
External migrants	385	210	170	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,030	48,650	52,380	9,180	4,500	4,675
Non-movers	61,295	29,450	31,845	5,375	2,620	2,755
Movers	39,735	19,200	20,535	3,805	1,880	1,920
Non-migrants	26,860	13,105	13,755	2,525	1,260	1,260
Migrants	12,875	6,095	6,785	1,280	625	660
Internal migrants	11,220	5,255	5,960	1,210	590	620
Intraprovincial migrants	10,990	5,140	5,845	845	380	460
Interprovincial migrants	230	115	115	365	210	155
External migrants	1,660	835	820	70	35	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Quesnel, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Quesnel, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Quesnel, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Quesnel, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia