Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine Quebec [Economic region]			Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec Map : Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	90,311	...	...	497	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	94,079	...	...	543	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.0	...	...	-8.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,460	...	...	244	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,931	...	...	214	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.4	...	...	9.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20,318.86	...	...	51.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	90,310	44,190	46,125	495	270	225
0 to 14 years	11,250	5,740	5,510	100	50	50
0 to 4 years	3,530	1,775	1,755	25	15	15
5 to 9 years	4,025	2,040	1,985	35	15	15
10 to 14 years	3,695	1,925	1,770	40	20	15
15 to 64 years	56,380	27,930	28,445	315	165	150
15 to 19 years	4,035	2,070	1,970	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	3,930	1,995	1,940	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	3,690	1,775	1,910	15	10	10
30 to 34 years	4,115	2,015	2,095	30	15	20
35 to 39 years	4,560	2,295	2,265	25	15	15
40 to 44 years	4,875	2,380	2,500	25	15	10
45 to 49 years	5,520	2,660	2,865	25	10	15
50 to 54 years	7,695	3,805	3,885	60	30	30
55 to 59 years	9,050	4,425	4,625	25	15	15
60 to 64 years	8,915	4,515	4,400	40	20	20
65 years and over	22,685	10,520	12,165	80	50	35
65 to 69 years	7,800	3,925	3,875	35	20	10
70 to 74 years	5,535	2,710	2,825	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	3,970	1,845	2,125	20	10	5
80 to 84 years	2,745	1,140	1,605	5	0	5
85 years and over	2,635	900	1,735	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	1,700	630	1,075	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	720	230	490	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	185	40	145	5	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5	13.0	11.9	20.2	18.5	22.2
15 to 64 years	62.4	63.2	61.7	63.6	61.1	66.7
65 years and over	25.1	23.8	26.4	16.2	18.5	15.6
85 years and over	2.9	2.0	3.8	1.0	0.0	2.2
Average age of the population	47.6	46.8	48.4	40.4	41.1	39.5
Median age of the population	52.2	51.6	52.7	42.7	43.5	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,930	...	...	215	...	...
Single-detached house	32,325	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,010	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,455	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	480	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,510	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,360	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	215	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	580	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,930	...	...	215	...	...
1 person	13,130	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	16,205	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	6,070	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	3,940	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	1,590	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	88,130	...	...	500	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	79,065	38,445	40,610	395	215	180
Married or living common law	45,625	22,820	22,800	235	120	120
Married	25,795	12,905	12,885	125	65	65
Living common law	19,830	9,915	9,915	110	50	55
Not married and not living common law	33,440	15,630	17,810	165	100	65
Never married	21,365	11,610	9,760	120	75	45
Separated	1,025	485	545	5	0	5
Divorced	4,585	2,155	2,430	30	20	10
Widowed	6,465	1,385	5,080	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	27,020	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	16,565	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	5,780	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	3,535	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,140	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	27,020	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	22,415	...	...	115	...	...
Married couples	12,505	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	9,910	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,605	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	3,420	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,180	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,420	...	...	115	...	...
Couples without children	13,340	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	9,070	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	4,675	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	3,310	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	1,085	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,600	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,225	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	275	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,500	8,240	9,260	80	55	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,935	...	...	210	...	...
One-census-family households	26,175	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,990	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,190	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	420	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,335	...	...	75	...	...
One-person households	13,125	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,210	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	89,185	43,735	45,445	495	265	225
English only	4,670	2,315	2,355	0	0	0
French only	62,035	29,400	32,635	390	205	185
English and French	22,465	12,010	10,450	105	60	50
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	89,185	43,735	45,445	500	265	230
English	8,690	4,260	4,425	5	5	5
French	80,205	39,340	40,865	490	265	225
English and French	275	130	145	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	8,825	4,330	4,500	5	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	9.9	9.9	9.9	1.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	89,185	43,735	45,450	495	265	225
Single responses	88,430	43,375	45,055	495	265	230
Official languages	87,605	42,980	44,630	490	260	225
English	8,055	3,970	4,090	5	0	5
French	79,550	39,010	40,540	485	260	225
Non-official languages	825	395	425	5	0	5
Aboriginal languages	460	215	245	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	455	215	245	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	455	210	245	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	455	210	240	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	360	185	180	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	5	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	0	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	85	75	5	5	5
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	55	40	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	15	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	35	30	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	755	365	390	0	0	0
English and French	620	305	320	5	5	0
English and non-official language	65	35	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	20	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	89,185	43,740	45,450	495	265	230
Single responses	88,285	43,310	44,970	485	260	225
Official languages	87,960	43,155	44,810	480	260	225
English	7,825	3,805	4,015	5	5	0
French	80,140	39,345	40,795	480	255	225
Non-official languages	320	160	160	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	215	110	110	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	220	110	105	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	215	110	105	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	50	60	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	5	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	900	425	475	10	10	5
English and French	665	310	355	10	5	5
English and non-official language	130	60	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	45	40	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	89,185	43,735	45,445	495	270	230
None	83,855	41,075	42,780	475	255	220
English	3,240	1,650	1,585	20	10	5
French	1,500	725	780	0	0	5
Non-official language	500	235	260	0	5	5
Aboriginal	315	150	165	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	180	85	95	0	0	0
English and French	10	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	76,915	37,610	39,305	395	215	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,310	36,885	38,425	380	210	170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,473	32,846	24,542	27,072	30,848	25,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,330	36,890	38,440	380	210	170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,035	29,152	22,911	25,984	28,800	23,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,865	30,885	29,980	330	190	140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,959	25,510	20,621	22,336	27,456	18,944
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,565	31,290	33,275	315	170	140
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,852	12,572	10,909	7,792	6,400	9,792
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,505	24,920	23,585	285	165	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,280	25,361	21,375	21,824	25,216	19,008
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	76,910	37,635	39,280	390	215	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,260	36,865	38,395	385	215	170
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,666	38,493	30,991	30,823	34,831	25,827
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,280	36,865	38,410	385	215	170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,704	32,477	27,043	26,776	29,396	23,508
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,830	30,750	30,080	330	195	135
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,768	33,911	27,556	27,955	31,733	22,584
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,475	31,305	33,170	325	165	155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,437	12,024	10,882	7,994	7,597	8,412
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,500	24,820	23,685	300	175	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,949	33,511	28,264	26,178	29,920	20,859
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	76,910	37,630	39,280	395	215	175
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	15,105	7,215	7,895	125	70	60
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,161	46,326	39,438	34,016	40,984	29,375
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,654	51,945	43,735	37,380	41,687	32,339
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	71.7	73.6	69.4	76.4	80.7	69.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.5	58.8	56.0	63.0	67.6	57.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	28.3	26.4	30.6	23.3	18.4	31.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	76,915	37,605	39,305	395	215	180
Without total income	1,610	725	885	15	5	10
With total income	75,310	36,885	38,425	380	210	170
Percentage with total income	97.9	98.1	97.8	96.2	97.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,360	3,410	4,950	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	17,755	7,300	10,455	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	13,325	5,925	7,400	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	11,955	6,505	5,455	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	8,855	4,670	4,180	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	5,285	2,955	2,330	35	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,105	1,900	1,205	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,385	1,380	1,010	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,525	875	655	0	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	885	595	290	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,865	1,370	495	5	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,360	1,015	340	5	5	5
$150,000 and over	505	355	150	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	76,915	37,610	39,305	395	215	180
Without after-tax income	1,590	720	865	10	5	5
With after-tax income	75,330	36,890	38,435	385	210	170
Percentage with after-tax income	97.9	98.1	97.8	97.5	97.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,615	3,490	5,120	55	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	18,740	7,665	11,075	95	50	50
$20,000 to $29,999	16,700	8,070	8,630	75	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	13,730	7,400	6,330	80	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	8,085	4,465	3,620	45	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	4,185	2,485	1,695	10	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,620	1,475	1,145	15	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	755	385	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	1,515	1,080	435	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	530	390	140	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	310	225	85	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	680	470	210	0	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	76,915	37,610	39,305	395	215	180
Without employment income	28,415	12,690	15,725	105	45	60
With employment income	48,505	24,920	23,585	290	165	120
Percentage with employment income	63.1	66.3	60.0	73.4	76.7	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,690	3,270	3,420	50	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	5,145	2,155	2,995	30	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	10,030	5,170	4,860	60	30	25
$20,000 to $29,999	6,820	3,335	3,490	30	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	5,850	2,930	2,915	40	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	4,495	2,380	2,120	35	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	2,955	1,735	1,220	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,885	1,075	815	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,820	960	860	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	2,810	1,920	890	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	975	600	375	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	615	420	195	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,215	900	315	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,935	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,090	...	...	47,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,770	...	...	43,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,125	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,958	...	...	28,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,753	...	...	26,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,800	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,381	...	...	60,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,407	...	...	53,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,743	...	...	53,734	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,631	...	...	46,678	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,110	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,638	...	...	25,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,382	...	...	21,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,820	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,401	...	...	64,864	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,001	...	...	56,328	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,930	...	...	215	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	505	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,460	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,190	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,230	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,355	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,975	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,390	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,210	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,095	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,655	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,285	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,865	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,330	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,925	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,150	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,190	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,835	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,515	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,930	...	...	215	...	...
Under $5,000	325	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	510	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,475	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,280	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,565	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,750	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,370	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,745	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,575	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,325	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,365	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,685	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,955	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,255	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,495	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,015	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	745	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,100	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,280	...	...	61,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,266	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,590	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,836	...	...	57,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,949	...	...	50,816	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,200	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,530	...	...	85,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,533	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,355	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,691	...	...	42,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,215	...	...	40,064	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,115	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,292	...	...	67,023	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,837	...	...	58,035	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,635	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,247	...	...	55,963	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,060	...	...	49,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,160	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,101	...	...	94,156	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,842	...	...	79,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,380	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,365	...	...	48,836	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,515	...	...	44,156	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,290	7,275	8,010	75	50	25
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,289	27,304	22,253	23,616	24,576	22,848
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,181	25,223	21,645	22,720	22,848	22,720
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,270	7,190	8,080	80	45	30
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,843	34,105	29,832	22,464	27,509	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,760	29,269	26,418	19,874	23,849	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	88,130	43,330	44,805	495	265	230
In the bottom half of the distribution	56,620	27,230	29,390	390	215	175
In the bottom decile	7,660	3,615	4,040	70	40	30
In the second decile	13,365	6,035	7,330	75	45	30
In the third decile	12,310	5,955	6,355	80	45	40
In the fourth decile	12,430	6,225	6,205	95	55	40
In the fifth decile	10,860	5,395	5,465	70	40	30
In the top half of the distribution	31,510	16,095	15,410	105	55	50
In the sixth decile	9,895	5,015	4,875	45	25	25
In the seventh decile	8,730	4,485	4,245	20	10	5
In the eighth decile	6,260	3,175	3,085	15	5	10
In the ninth decile	4,285	2,230	2,055	20	10	5
In the top decile	2,340	1,190	1,150	5	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	86,250	42,450	43,800	495	265	230
0 to 17 years	13,045	6,640	6,405	120	65	60
0 to 5 years	4,115	2,060	2,055	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	52,320	25,890	26,430	290	150	140
65 years and over	20,885	9,920	10,965	80	50	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,270	6,475	7,800	115	65	55
0 to 17 years	1,830	935	890	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	540	270	275	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	6,695	3,105	3,590	70	40	30
65 years and over	5,745	2,430	3,315	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.3	17.8	23.2	24.5	23.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	14.1	13.9	29.2	23.1	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.1	13.1	13.4	12.5	0.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.0	13.6	24.1	26.7	21.4
65 years and over (%)	27.5	24.5	30.2	18.8	20.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,405	1,710	1,700	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	400	215	190	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	110	60	50	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,790	1,405	1,385	20	10	5
65 years and over	220	95	125	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	4.0	3.9	5.1	5.7	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.2	3.0	4.2	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	2.9	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.4	5.2	6.9	6.7	3.6
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	88,130	43,330	44,800	510	270	240
Official languages	88,115	43,325	44,795	510	270	240
English	26,955	14,070	12,890	115	65	55
French	83,495	41,045	42,450	505	265	240
Non-official languages	2,410	1,135	1,275	35	20	10
Aboriginal languages	820	410	415	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	810	405	405	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	805	400	405	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	805	405	405	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,590	725	865	35	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,230	545	685	30	20	10
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	25	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	20	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	80	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,080	460	620	30	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	35	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	10	35	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	990	435	555	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	25	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	30	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	88,130	43,325	44,800	510	270	240
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	87,680	43,100	44,575	505	270	235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,665	7,010	6,660	140	70	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,010	36,095	37,915	365	200	165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	455	225	230	0	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	88,130	43,325	44,800	515	270	240
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	87,095	42,835	44,255	500	270	230
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	950	450	495	10	0	10
Before 1981	300	140	155	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	75	30	40	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	160	75	85	0	0	10
2001 to 2010	220	105	120	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	95	40	55	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	125	65	65	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	200	105	95	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	85	40	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	950	450	500	10	0	10
Under 5 years	125	45	80	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	115	45	75	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	215	110	105	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	395	195	195	0	0	0
45 years and over	100	55	45	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	950	450	500	10	0	10
Americas	215	105	115	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	70	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	30	10	0	10
Europe	475	230	245	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	265	150	115	10	0	0
Germany	50	15	35	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	15	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	0	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	30	0	0	0
Africa	135	80	50	0	0	0
Algeria	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	50	30	0	0	0
Asia	125	35	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	20	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	200	105	95	0	0	0
Americas	40	25	15	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	45	25	0	0	0
France	55	35	20	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	25	10	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	45	10	35	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	88,130	43,330	44,800	510	270	240
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,150	550	600	10	0	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,170	595	570	15	15	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	85,815	42,185	43,630	485	255	235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	660	310	350	10	0	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	275	150	125	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	185	115	75	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	85	35	50	10	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	350	140	205	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	88,130	43,330	44,800	515	270	240
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,745	4,680	4,065	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	8,425	4,500	3,920	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,630	1,265	1,360	10	10	0
Métis	5,720	3,200	2,525	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	180	110	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	79,390	38,650	40,740	505	270	240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	88,130	43,325	44,805	510	270	240
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,750	1,365	1,385	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,380	41,965	43,420	510	270	240
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	88,130	43,330	44,800	510	270	240
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	4,575	2,395	2,180	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	4,435	2,330	2,110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,260	1,090	1,165	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	2,155	1,220	935	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	140	70	70	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	135	70	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,175	2,725	2,445	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,930	2,595	2,340	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,210	1,160	1,050	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,715	1,425	1,290	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	245	135	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	105	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	78,380	38,205	40,170	505	260	240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	88,130	43,330	44,805	510	270	240
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	585	245	340	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese	90	35	55	0	0	0
Black	185	80	110	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin American	75	40	35	10	0	10
Arab	60	25	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	10	35	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	87,545	43,085	44,465	505	270	235
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	88,130	43,325	44,800	510	270	240
North American Aboriginal origins	9,750	5,120	4,630	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,830	2,440	2,395	10	10	0
Inuit	85	50	35	0	0	0
Métis	5,230	2,840	2,390	0	0	0
Other North American origins	65,290	31,890	33,400	465	240	220
Acadian	2,620	1,225	1,395	0	0	0
American	90	25	70	10	0	0
Canadian	62,700	30,620	32,080	425	225	200
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,185	610	570	50	30	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,850	15,070	15,775	135	75	60
British Isles origins	10,830	5,180	5,650	15	10	0
Channel Islander	500	250	250	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,645	1,760	1,885	0	0	0
Irish	6,295	2,905	3,385	10	10	0
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,450	1,160	1,285	0	10	10
Welsh	15	10	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	150	65	80	0	0	0
French origins	22,700	11,195	11,500	115	65	45
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	125	70	55	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	22,595	11,135	11,460	115	70	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,410	620	795	0	0	0
Austrian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	190	110	85	0	0	0
Dutch	140	60	75	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,015	415	600	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	35	35	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	170	50	130	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	10	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	245	115	130	0	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	50	60	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	785	335	450	0	0	10
Albanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	565	220	350	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	30	50	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	60	40	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	260	130	130	0	0	0
Basque	220	110	105	0	0	0
Jewish	15	15	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	110	25	80	10	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	50	10	40	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	40	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	220	115	105	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	95	50	50	0	0	0
Algerian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	20	30	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Asian origins	340	125	220	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	110	40	65	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	0	20	10	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	215	75	135	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	110	45	70	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
Owner	30,460	...	...	180	...	...
Renter	10,335	...	...	40	...	...
Band housing	135	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
Condominium	1,160	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	39,765	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,105	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,470	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,110	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,185	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,930	...	...	215	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,365	...	...	30	...	...
5 rooms	7,950	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	7,165	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	5,780	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,665	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40,860	...	...	215	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
Suitable	40,240	...	...	210	...	...
Not suitable	690	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
1960 or before	12,805	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,270	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,715	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,545	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,170	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,795	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,635	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,170	...	...	205	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,760	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,735	...	...	160	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,785	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	415	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,930	...	...	220	...	...
15 to 24 years	730	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,580	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,015	...	...	50	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,290	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,530	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,245	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,290	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,245	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,965	...	...	190	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,730	...	...	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,240	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,825	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,745	...	...	160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.2	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	23.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	583	...	...	804	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	724	...	...	749	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,577	...	...	150,128	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	154,609	...	...	165,605	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,240	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	532	...	...	501	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	561	...	...	505	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,910	37,630	39,280	390	215	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	23,665	12,330	11,335	160	100	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,990	6,765	8,220	95	35	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,255	18,535	19,720	140	80	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,370	9,825	5,550	85	45	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,950	6,330	4,620	80	40	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,425	3,500	930	0	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,805	4,890	7,915	50	30	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,210	760	1,445	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,865	3,065	4,805	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree	5,740	2,100	3,640	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	245	345	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	155	170	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,030	450	585	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	115	65	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,875	23,360	24,515	270	155	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,905	6,080	4,830	95	50	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,510	3,940	4,570	55	30	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,460	13,345	15,110	125	70	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,580	7,125	4,460	75	35	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,375	4,595	3,780	75	35	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,205	2,525	680	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,380	3,610	5,770	45	30	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,405	455	945	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,090	2,150	3,940	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree	4,415	1,475	2,940	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	145	270	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	115	165	0	0	0
Master's degree	855	345	500	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	70	55	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,910	37,630	39,275	390	215	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,655	19,095	19,560	255	135	120
Education	4,255	930	3,325	0	0	0
13. Education	4,255	930	3,325	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	595	230	365	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	45	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	505	185	325	0	0	0
Humanities	1,275	575	700	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	45	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	760	325	435	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	65	25	0	0	0
54. History	100	70	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	35	110	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,095	570	1,530	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	80	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	620	25	600	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	220	80	135	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	455	85	370	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	560	290	270	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,460	1,690	5,765	15	0	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	785	195	595	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,670	1,500	5,170	15	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	860	455	400	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	285	145	145	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	40	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	285	140	145	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	160	120	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	525	325	200	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	435	275	160	10	10	0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	40	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,130	8,780	350	50	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	130	70	55	0	0	0
14. Engineering	440	395	45	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,335	1,240	100	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,665	2,595	70	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,600	2,560	40	20	20	0
48. Precision production	1,955	1,925	35	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,670	1,305	370	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	455	260	195	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,220	1,045	170	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,040	1,035	5,005	20	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	110	120	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,740	895	4,850	25	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	30	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,350	2,650	1,700	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,085	615	1,465	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	515	350	170	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,740	1,670	65	10	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,880	23,360	24,515	270	150	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,420	10,015	9,405	150	80	65
Education	2,425	485	1,940	0	0	0
13. Education	2,425	490	1,940	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	450	165	280	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	30	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	395	140	255	10	0	0
Humanities	805	345	465	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	30	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	475	210	265	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	20	0	0	0
54. History	50	30	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	20	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,670	405	1,265	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	70	65	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	480	0	475	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	165	60	110	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	10	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	385	70	315	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	430	185	240	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,140	1,235	4,900	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	655	150	505	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,485	1,085	4,395	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	255	195	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	115	125	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	30	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	90	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	415	265	150	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	235	125	10	10	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,575	6,285	290	50	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	80	55	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	310	270	35	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	950	870	85	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,855	1,790	70	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,930	1,895	40	20	15	0
48. Precision production	1,440	1,410	35	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,355	1,045	315	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	200	145	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,010	845	165	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,725	850	3,875	20	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	190	95	95	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,480	740	3,740	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	20	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,435	2,005	1,430	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,695	450	1,240	10	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	255	135	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,340	1,290	55	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,905	37,630	39,275	395	215	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,650	19,095	19,560	250	135	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,255	18,540	19,715	140	80	60
Location of study inside Canada	37,765	18,260	19,505	140	85	60
Same as province or territory of residence	36,030	17,500	18,530	140	85	55
Different than province or territory of residence	1,730	760	975	0	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	495	280	215	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	65	25	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	10	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	175	105	70	0	0	0
Other	170	95	75	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,880	23,360	24,515	270	155	115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,420	10,015	9,405	145	75	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,455	13,345	15,115	125	70	55
Location of study inside Canada	28,130	13,175	14,950	125	70	55
Same as province or territory of residence	26,895	12,680	14,215	125	75	50
Different than province or territory of residence	1,235	490	740	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	325	165	160	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	110	50	55	0	0	0
Other	135	75	65	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	76,910	37,635	39,275	395	215	175
In the labour force	41,780	21,290	20,490	280	170	105
Employed	35,380	17,075	18,310	245	150	95
Unemployed	6,405	4,220	2,185	35	20	15
Not in the labour force	35,125	16,340	18,785	115	45	70
Participation rate	54.3	56.6	52.2	70.9	79.1	60.0
Employment rate	46.0	45.4	46.6	62.0	69.8	54.3
Unemployment rate	15.3	19.8	10.7	12.5	11.8	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	76,905	37,630	39,280	390	215	175
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,340	14,400	16,945	110	40	65
Worked	45,565	23,230	22,335	285	175	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	15,435	7,390	8,040	120	65	60
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,135	15,840	14,295	160	110	50
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.0	34.3	37.8	40.9	38.4	44.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	41,780	21,290	20,490	280	170	105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	535	430	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	40,820	20,755	20,060	275	170	100
Employee	36,885	18,350	18,535	235	145	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,930	2,405	1,520	40	30	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	41,785	21,290	20,490	275	170	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	970	535	435	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	40,815	20,760	20,060	275	170	105
0 Management occupations	3,000	1,775	1,225	55	50	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,595	980	3,610	25	0	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,345	1,080	270	10	15	0
3 Health occupations	3,730	710	3,025	20	10	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,175	1,165	4,010	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	690	305	385	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	10,005	3,880	6,125	45	10	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,805	6,595	210	55	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,800	2,530	265	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,675	1,735	940	20	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	41,785	21,290	20,495	280	170	110
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	970	540	435	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	40,820	20,755	20,060	275	170	105
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,120	2,680	440	90	65	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	350	345	10	0	10	0
22 Utilities	360	295	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,890	2,695	195	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,080	2,850	1,235	45	35	15
41 Wholesale trade	495	380	115	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,490	2,610	2,880	45	15	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,685	1,240	445	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	415	250	165	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	875	170	705	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	240	115	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,210	550	660	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,160	660	500	10	0	10
61 Educational services	2,880	755	2,120	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,970	1,325	5,640	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	795	415	375	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,910	800	2,110	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,040	1,045	995	15	10	10
91 Public administration	2,730	1,445	1,285	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,380	17,070	18,305	245	150	95
Worked at home	2,260	1,020	1,235	45	35	10
Worked outside Canada	45	35	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,020	3,130	890	25	20	0
Worked at usual place	29,060	12,885	16,170	170	90	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,060	12,885	16,170	170	90	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,205	8,410	10,790	35	20	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,075	2,610	3,465	70	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,215	1,595	1,615	65	40	25
Commute to a different province or territory	560	265	295	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,080	16,015	17,060	200	115	85
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,440	14,245	15,195	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,255	555	695	0	0	0
Public transit	320	145	170	0	0	0
Walked	1,455	655	795	10	10	0
Bicycle	120	70	50	0	0	0
Other method	490	340	150	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,080	16,015	17,060	195	115	85
Less than 15 minutes	19,100	8,795	10,305	40	20	15
15 to 29 minutes	8,175	3,775	4,400	65	55	15
30 to 44 minutes	3,260	1,715	1,540	55	25	35
45 to 59 minutes	1,065	615	455	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	1,480	1,120	355	20	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,080	16,015	17,060	200	115	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,120	1,540	580	35	25	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,115	3,305	1,810	55	35	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,640	5,175	6,460	50	20	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,945	2,270	4,675	40	10	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,870	495	1,370	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,385	3,230	2,160	20	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	46,630	23,755	22,875	295	180	115
Single responses	45,030	22,975	22,050	280	175	105
Official languages	44,990	22,955	22,045	280	170	110
English	3,065	1,665	1,400	0	0	0
French	41,925	21,285	20,640	280	175	110
Non-official languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,605	775	830	15	10	0
English and French	1,555	765	795	20	10	0
English and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	46,630	23,755	22,875	295	180	115
None	36,725	18,980	17,735	265	160	110
English	8,690	4,145	4,545	20	15	0
French	1,045	560	490	0	0	0
Non-official language	145	50	100	0	0	0
Aboriginal	110	35	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	25	0	0	0
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	87,495	43,020	44,470	510	270	240
Non-movers	81,000	39,875	41,130	465	250	210
Movers	6,490	3,145	3,340	45	20	25
Non-migrants	3,885	1,900	1,990	15	10	0
Migrants	2,605	1,250	1,355	35	15	20
Internal migrants	2,575	1,240	1,335	30	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	2,440	1,175	1,265	30	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	135	65	70	0	0	0
External migrants	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	84,535	41,590	42,945	485	255	225
Non-movers	65,035	32,265	32,765	345	195	150
Movers	19,500	9,325	10,180	140	60	75
Non-migrants	11,030	5,230	5,800	50	20	30
Migrants	8,475	4,095	4,385	80	40	45
Internal migrants	8,220	3,965	4,260	75	35	40
Intraprovincial migrants	7,765	3,750	4,015	75	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	460	215	240	0	0	0
External migrants	250	130	125	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gaspésie--Îles-de-la-Madeleine [Economic region], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec